Extension of the terrace kitchen to the country wooden house. We expand the space: how to make an extension from the frame to the house with your own hands. Aerated concrete extension

Solving the housing issue with your own private house is much easier than in a city apartment. The best option is to make an extension that can be used for a variety of purposes:

a full-fledged living quarters - an additional room;
living quarters with an attic (if the extension is two-story);
utility room - its own pantry, which can largely replace the cellar;
a spacious terrace or veranda where you can spend your holidays with the whole family;
car garage.

The basics of the technology and step-by-step instruction building an extension to wooden house.

Before choosing a specific building material and technology for building an extension, it is important to clearly define the purpose of the room. It may be worthwhile to immediately plan the creation of an extension in which it will be possible to live all year round - in case of an expansion of the family or the arrival of a large number of guests.

Types of extensions

There are several types of extensions to a wooden house. They differ in material, as well as installation features:

frame extensions;
from a cylindrical bar;
from brick;
from cinder block.

Before erecting a structure, it is important to take into account all the nuances that may affect the choice of materials and a specific type of extension:

Do right choice a specific extension project means to correctly correlate the purpose of this structure, the features of the house to which it is attached, with the technology and material of manufacture. To do this, it is important to understand how each type of such structures is built.

Do-it-yourself frame extension: step by step instructions and video

The frame extension has several advantages:

the design is quite simple, and if everything is calculated correctly, it is quite possible to do it yourself;
it is built much faster than brick, cinder block structures;
the design is quite light in weight and does not require much effort during operation;
in terms of thermal insulation, durability and other consumer qualities, the frame extension to the house is not inferior to others types of structures.

NOTE. If you intend to build two-story extension, it is worth considering this particular option - the design is lightweight and will not create excessive pressure on the ground, so the risks of subsidence are noticeably reduced.

Preparation for construction

On preparatory stage it is important to solve the following tasks:

What will be the frame material? wooden bars or metal profiles.
What type of extension will be associated with the main building.
Accurately calculate all dimensions of the structure and develop a detailed drawing.
Collect all necessary materials and tools.

First of all, it is important to decide on what type the structure will be built - as a continuation of the house with an increase in the main roof for the installation of a single roof or as an adjoining building.

It is clear that the second case will be cheaper, easier and faster - the extension will simply adjoin the wall. You can make access from the house directly to it, if you make an appropriate hole and put the door.

The diagram of the adjoining structure to the house is presented below.

Structurally, this solution is a roof placed on supports. The roof is standardly presented from rafters and supporting boards. For a longer service life, it is desirable to insulate it, lay out a layer of waterproofing. The basis, as a rule, is the usual strip foundation.

Pairing with the main part of the house occurs at 2 points:

wall;
roof.

The connection in each of them has its own characteristics, which will be described below. Preliminary sketch of the extension, as well as practical advice things to consider before starting work:

At the same time, for the roof of the extension, it is better to choose a material that is elastic enough to make the necessary corrections. You can purchase corrugated board (height within 1 cm) or soft tiles.

In this sense, slate or traditional ceramic tiles, metal tiles will not work.

The frame is made of wood or metal. At the same time, all parts should consist of only one type of material - then the extension is more reliable and lasts longer.

NOTE. Even if the house is in good condition, but old enough, the rate of its drawdown will be several times higher than the drawdown of the extension. Accordingly, it is better not to use a rigid type of abutment of the structure to the main wall. In this case, another type of installation is used - "groove-comb".

As far as tools are concerned, special equipment not required: it is important to have a screwdriver, saw, pliers, building level and other tools for woodworking.

Installation work must be carried out by at least two people - some stages will require joint efforts.

Foundation laying

The first stage of work is laying the foundation. Since in the vast majority of cases, during the construction of a house, the construction of a foundation for an extension is not provided, the foundation must not only be laid correctly, but also securely connected to the main foundation.

NOTE. If you are designing the construction of a newly built house, it is better to take into account the extension right away. It can be made after some time, and laying the foundation along with the foundation of the main building is a technically correct option. In this case, the house and the extension will be a single entity, which will ensure their reliability.

The main requirements for the base of the extension are as follows:

reliability - stable maintenance of the weight of the structure without subsidence: especially important for extensions made of heavy materials or two-story structures;
maximum identity with the main foundation in terms of material and depth of laying;
the most complete adhesion to the main foundation.

Most often, strip foundations are chosen for an extension, since they are quite capable of coping with such loads. At the same time, installation features always depend on the type of soil. It is possible to lay monolithic foundations, made of brick or concrete blocks, fill them with drainage materials.

Schematic diagrams of the bases are shown in the figure.

The technology for building a strip foundation for an extension does not differ from the usual one. In short, a trench is dug, reinforced and poured with concrete.

Connecting the foundation to the main

This is the most critical step. which needs special attention. Two types of connections are traditionally used:

"tape-tape";
"slab-slab".

According to the "tape-tape" type, the stages of work will be as follows:

From the installation side of the extension, a trench is dug corresponding to the depth of laying the main foundation.
Further, a hole half a meter in diameter is drilled at the base of the house - for the corners of the foundation of the extension. For all other parts, the hole corresponds to the diameter of the reinforcement at a depth of 2/3.
The reinforcement is driven into the foundation of the house, for this a wood wedge is used.
The foundation of the extension is formed along the driven reinforcement.

Installation according to the "plate-plate" scheme is possible in 2 cases:

the width of the main foundation allows you to carry out the appropriate work (from 450 mm);
the plate protrudes from the base (minimum 300 mm).

Thanks to the extension, it is often possible to solve another important task - to strengthen the old foundation and thereby support the sagging house. Visual video instructions:

Features of laying the foundation in the case of an old house:

Installation of the floor in the annex

Correctly making the floor in the future room is important from the point of view of 2 factors:

thermal insulation;
surface evenness.

It is important to make a quality floor, especially if the extension to the house will be used as an additional room with the possibility of year-round use.

The strip foundation allows you to mount both a concrete floor and make it out of wood. In the case of a columnar base, it is possible to produce only a wooden covering.

Concrete floor

The sequence of technology for laying this floor looks like this:

The concrete surface is quite cold, so this floor needs careful insulation, especially in the northern regions.

Wooden floor

On a columnar or strip foundation, a floor created on the basis of wooden floors. It needs additional treatment to prevent rotting, but wood flooring is much warmer than concrete.

The sequence of installation of a wooden floor looks like this:

If an extension to the house is being built as a capital structure, then preparatory work for laying sand, gravel or expanded clay, as in the case of a concrete floor.
A ruberoid substrate is placed on the foundation.
Bearing beams are laid on it. If the foundation is columnar, then they are mounted directly on the poles, the length is cut in accordance with the interval. If the foundation is strip, it is important to install intermediate posts at a certain interval, or use long beams if the extension is small in area.
A wooden covering is mounted on the beams.

All wooden parts must be carefully varnished to prevent decay.

A good example of installing a wooden floor in a cinder block extension is shown in the video.

Frame installation

The next stage is connected with the direct erection of the frame structure. To do this, first of all, you need to install a strapping beam. If it is assumed that the wall thickness is 200 mm, then the dimensions of the end bar will be 25-40 mm, as shown in the detailed diagram.

The end result is a structure that looks like this.

Cutting a groove in the base can be done complete and incomplete. Can be articulated without punching using a steel angle.

The lower strapping is performed in several stages:

The socket is mounted in a frame.
The overlay is nailed into the base.
The support stand is attached with a bracket.

The upper trim is formed for reliable installation of floor beams, as shown in the diagram.

NOTE. Interval between vertical supports you need to make at least 50-60 cm, because in this case it will be easy to lay heaters (mineral wool, foam plastic, ecowool, etc.). In addition, there is no practical need for a more frequent arrangement of racks.

The general design of the frame is shown in the diagram.

The walls are erected according to the following algorithm:

Installation on the foundation of a pre-made lower trim. The binding is screwed with dowels.

Between the strapping and the foundations, a waterproofing layer is necessarily placed - foamed polyethylene, roofing felt or other material.

Vertical bars are nailed to the wall of the house if the two structures are to be rigidly fastened. If you just need to build a nearby building, then corner posts with temporary fastening are first made.
Mounted vertical bars. Their height is selected depending on the number of storeys of the structure, as well as on the method of connection with the main roof of the house.
Next, the top trim is mounted.
The last stage in the installation is the manufacture of holes for windows and doors.

ADVICE. If it is planned to build a large extension with big amount bars, it is more convenient to assemble the frame separately by installing all the bars on the lower trim. In this case, there is no need to fasten each element with temporary cuts.

Assembly of the roof and its docking with the main roof

Installation of rafters is carried out in the same way as for a conventional roof, however, the need to connect the roof to the roof of the house gives rise to a number of features of this work.

In general finished structure can be schematically represented as follows.

After the construction of the frame, the material of the roof of the house from the side of the extension must be dismantled so that the rafters appear. It is to them that the connecting rafters of the extension are mounted. Installation is carried out according to the principle of a rigid triangle, while it is important to put an additional beam in front of an acute angle (indicated by arrows in the figure). These elements also serve as an additional measure of protection during snowfalls, so they are also called anti-snow supports.

The sequence of actions for installing the roof can be briefly described as follows:

The rafters from the extension are mounted with the upper trim of the frame.
The upper end of the rafters is connected to the purlin, which is pre-installed on the roof or mounted directly on the roof rafters.

Video editing features

NOTE. It is not necessary to connect the rafters of the extension to the house in a rigid way. This can damage the structure due to uneven shrinkage rates of the main room and extension. The optimal solution to this problem is the use of a sliding structure that provides free movement of the lower support.

Roof finishing and insulation

At this stage, the roof is completely finished with its sealing and insulation, as shown in the diagram.

NOTE. If the roof of the extension will simply adjoin the wall of the house, and not organically connect to its roof, then a sealant is used for insulation, tightly closing the hole between the roof and the wall, as shown in the diagram.

Construction and wall insulation

One of the last stages is the construction of walls and their insulation. The extension is a durable structure, and even if it is used only for economic purposes, it is important to create enough good insulation so that temperature changes cannot damage the internal surfaces of the walls and ceiling.

Schematically, the structure of the wall can be represented as follows.

In fact, this is the final stage of the construction itself. Next, the following work should be carried out:

finishing work inside the extension:
exterior cladding of the building;
creating a transition to the house;
production of windows and doors in the building;
all necessary communications.

It is important to treat all wooden structures with special solutions that prevent rotting and the harmful effects of temperature changes.

Timber extension

The principal stages of building an extension (filling the foundation, building walls and installing a roof, followed by insulation and finishing work) do not depend on the choice of a specific construction material. However, depending on it, their own technologies are selected, which differ markedly from each other.

Foundation construction

In the case of an extension from a bar (profiled or round), the differences begin already at the stage of laying the foundation. Since the weight of the future extension will be significantly greater than the weight of the frame counterpart, respectively, the base is required to be more reliable.

A tiled foundation or a pile foundation is often used, less often a tape foundation (for small outbuildings it is quite suitable). In any case, it is necessary that it be settled for at least 1 year.

From the point of view of simplicity and cheaper work, the best option would be to create a pile foundation that can be built independently of the main foundation of the house.

Video - the basics of pile foundation installation technology

Walling

Building walls is quite simple in terms of technology. The only drawback of the beam is that it is quite heavy, and at least two people need to work with it together.

Mounting materials are used as follows:

staples and plates made of metal;

brackets;
steel corners;
screws, screws, nails.

Masonry technology round bar when building an extension to the house:

Other works

The technology of building walls, insulation and finishing is not fundamentally different from that described earlier.

In the case of building a structure from a bar, two-story structures can be easily made. Of course, in this case, special requirements are placed on the foundation and floors.

Brick outbuilding

Brick extensions to a wooden house are built less often. They are great for living, they can also be used as a utility room.

Most often, in such cases, a monolithic foundation is used. At the same time, a brick structure can serve as the basis for the construction of a second floor of the same kind or an attic. Installation of the floor and roof technology does not have fundamental differences from those discussed above.

cinder block extension

And another cheaper and faster option for building an extension to a wooden or other house is from cinder blocks (foam blocks, gas blocks are also used). Such a room can serve as an additional room, but is most often used for household purposes.

The construction of a cinder block structure is very fast due to the large size of the building material. This option is great if the owners want to make a garage for a car or an ordinary canopy, a veranda.

And finally - a brief video review of the main stages of the construction of a frame extension to a wooden house.

Construction wooden houses has not lost its popularity even with the introduction, and an extension to a wooden house only complements it and emphasizes individuality. Quite often, over time, it is required to increase the living area of \u200b\u200bthe house or make a veranda near it. In such cases, an extension is being built, which can also be made from a variety of building materials.

Differs not only in its strength, but also in durability, environmental friendliness, has excellent technical specifications. The construction is made from wood that has undergone preliminary processing: drying and treatment with special insecticides.

An extension to a wooden house can be as:

rooms,

There are a variety of options for extensions, which largely differ in construction technology.

Summer kitchen attached to the side wooden house

Frame extension

The simplest and most common way to build an extension is frame structure. This construction technology came to us relatively recently, but already during this time it was able to win the recognition of most people. This is due to the fact that the construction process takes minimal time costs. The whole structure in its properties is not inferior to the foam block structure. The frame extension to the wooden house is distinguished by its originality. The frame can be made of wood or metal.

It can be used in the construction of an extension not only wooden, but also metal carcass. It is not affected by weather and climatic phenomena, and is also resistant to temperature changes.

Before starting construction, it is necessary to clearly define the purposes for which such an additional structure will serve. The process of its insulation and the use of any materials will depend on this.

If the frame extension will be used as a room, then the insulation in it can be:

mineral wool,
polyurethane foam,
Styrofoam,
polystyrene foam and more.

For the manufacture of a metal frame, channels, pipes and fittings are used different diameter and size. There are load-bearing beams that are larger in diameter, and there are auxiliary beams that can be smaller in diameter. All elements metal structure fastened together by welding: electric arc welding or semi-automatic.

Wooden frame extension to the house

The wooden frame differs from the metal frame in its lightness. It is also strong and durable. You can also emphasize its environmental friendliness. The tree is considered warm material, but despite this, the wooden frame also needs to be insulated with similar heaters and insulating materials.

Both wooden and metal frame need to be connected with wooden wall. Difficulties in fastening can arise only if the house is built from rounded timber, since its walls are uneven.

To fix the frame to the wall, reinforcement is first mounted in the wall, on metal "blunders", fixed inside the house. All gaps that exist between the frame and the structure must be sealed with plaster or mounting foam.

The walls of this design can be sheathed with any modern finishing material. As a rule, plastic or siding is used as a facade finish for a frame extension. But for a wooden structure, it would be more rational to apply wooden lining. She has an attractive appearance and sufficient strength.

Before mounting a wooden lining, it must first be coated with several layers of varnish. Such actions can greatly extend the life of such a finishing material and help protect the facade from insects and weather effects.

Wooden lining can be of different sizes, which is convenient for you to choose the best option. If you use siding or plastic, then you need to attach sheets of plywood or OSB to the frame. Their use makes the structure more durable and heat-intensive.

Annex, finished in the same way as the main house

If in ordinary finishing siding or plastic must necessarily be attached to a special frame made of small wooden bars, then during frame construction these finishing materials are mounted directly on the surface of OSB or plywood using special self-tapping screws.

As regards internal finishing works, then they are made according to the principle of external decoration. On the insulation, which was previously laid, sheets of OSB or plywood are laid. Drywall can also be used inside the building, which is distinguished by its practicality and ease of use. It is plastered and then painted.

Porch extension

The porch extension also belongs to the frame extension, since basically such a structure is made on the basis of wooden frame. The porch has no walls, but concrete base. It can be made during the construction of the house itself, or it can be poured over time.

In the latter option, it would be better to make a small foundation under the porch, which should be connected with reinforced concrete to the base for the house.

This is necessary in order to ensure the strength of the structure with its additional extensions, since the soil in the areas can be different, and depending on weather conditions, it tends to sag, which will entail possible deformation.

The porch is made of both metal and wood. It all depends on financial possibilities. The construction of an extension with walls will be similar to a frame structure, only insulating and insulating materials may not be used.

A metal porch with railings will look very original, as these peculiar fences can be made with elements artistic forging. The roof of this design, as a rule, is made of polycarbonate. The translucent material harmoniously complements the extension to the wooden house.

Metal porch roof made of polycarbonate

Advice. Polycarbonate has a different thickness - those types of this roofing material that have a thickness of at least 0.7 mm have greater strength and durability.

Room extension

As soon as each family member ceases to have enough usable space in a private house, they immediately begin to think that an extension of the room is simply necessary. This is already a residential extension, and its construction will need to be approached responsibly.

The extension of the room can be made of brick, foam block, wood, cinder block.

The use of any of the materials implies the construction of a foundation for them. The difference in building materials (the main building is made of wood, and the extension is made of any other material) can play a big role in the strength and reliability of the house as a whole.

A brick extension to a wooden house is built on a monolithic or strip foundation. It has high strength and durability. By itself, a brick is considered a cold material, but with proper and high-quality insulation, it can maintain a constant temperature in the room.

When choosing the type of foundation for an extension, you need to build on the main foundation. Any foundation is laid under a wooden house, depending on ground water because wood is light building material. But more commonly used pile foundation. It is better not to use this type of foundation under brick walls, since the weight of the entire structure will be quite large.

It is for this reason that it is better to give preference to a monolithic foundation, which in its structure is considered an integral structure, and can withstand a variety of loads on it.

To build a monolithic foundation for a brick extension, a trench is first dug, the depth of which largely depends on the size of the extension itself. As a rule, it is at least 0.5-0.7 m.

Layers of sand and gravel are laid at the bottom of the trench, a pillow is formed for greater strength and durability of the base. It is better to knead the concrete solution in a concrete mixer so that it is freshly prepared, since concrete tends to harden very quickly, and it simply will not work to make the base a monolith.

The project of a brick extension to a wooden house

Formwork is preliminarily made along the perimeter of the trench. It can be non-removable, that is, after manufacturing, its elements are not removed.

The solution for such a foundation consists of:

cement brand 400 or 500;
sand, preferably river and without impurities;
crushed stone is not too large, granite can be used (it does not undergo deformation and can withstand sufficient loads);
water;
fittings.

A metal frame in the form of a mesh is made from reinforcement. It is placed in a trench on sand and gravel. After that, cement, sand, crushed stone and water are mixed. All proportions that are necessary for a quality foundation must be strictly observed, since the strength of the entire structure will depend on this.

The concrete solution is poured into the trench in parts, while it is necessary to ensure that none of these parts begin to harden. Otherwise, the foundation will no longer be a monolith and will lose its strength.

The construction of an extension allows you to significantly expand the area of \u200b\u200ba wooden house and make it more solid in appearance. Such structures are assembled from a variety of materials. It can be, for example, wood, brick or gas blocks. Of course, when building an extension, certain technologies should be observed. We will talk further about how such structures are assembled correctly.

Drafting a project

When planning such a structure as an extension to a wooden house, you should first decide:

With material for walls, foundation and roof. A frame block or log structure is usually attached to a wooden building. Sometimes the walls are made of brick or gas blocks. Roofing material for the extension is better to choose the same as the roof of the building itself is covered. In any case, you should try to make sure that the colors of the coating sheets are at least in harmony with each other. The foundation for the extension is chosen of the same type as the foundation of the building itself.
with the size of the building. The extension area should not be more than 2/3 of the house area. Otherwise, the building will look awkward and ugly. The house looks most harmonious when the area of the new building is 1/3 of the old one.

The extension of a terrace to a wooden house, a veranda or a closed capital structure is carried out in such a way that their roof is located just below the main roof. Of course, the angle between these two structures must not be negative. Otherwise, snow and water will accumulate at the junction.

Foundation construction

Marking for such a structure as an extension to a wooden house is done in the usual way - using a level or using the “Egyptian” triangle method. The foundation of the extension should be laid to the same depth as the foundation of the building itself. Rigidly concrete tapes of houses and extensions are usually not connected. Otherwise, when a new structure shrinks, cracks may appear at the junction. However, sometimes the foundation of an extension is still tied to an existing one. In the event that cracks subsequently appear, they are simply covered with cement mortar.

The choice of the type of interface depends mainly on the type of soil and the material of the walls. If strong shrinkage is expected, it is better not to tie the foundations. The foundation for the extension is poured in the usual way: with a sand cushion, waterproofing and reinforcement.

Frame structures

This is the cheapest type of extension, characterized by good performance. Such structures are erected in just a few days and do not shrink at all. Even a not very experienced private builder can assemble a very comfortable and aesthetic frame extension to a wooden house. The projects of such structures are unusually diverse. If necessary, using this technology, it will not be difficult to build an ordinary summer extension-veranda, an insulated residential structure, a workshop, a kitchen, and even a boiler room.

Construction features

The foundation is preliminarily built for a month. When erecting under frame walls, anchor bolts should be poured into it in increments of approximately 1.5 meters. On them and fix the bottom strapping. Its corners are usually connected using the "half-tree" method. A frame extension to a wooden house will turn out to be even more reliable if metal rods 40 cm long are poured into the foundation at the corners so that they protrude 20 cm above the surface. In this case, holes are drilled in the strapping beam in appropriate places.

The assembly of the frame begins with the installation of corner posts. Holes are drilled under the pins at their ends. Next, intermediate racks are attached (in increments of 1.5 m). Fixation is usually carried out on galvanized steel corners. In order for the pillars not to deviate from the vertical during the construction process, they should be fastened with temporary jibs. The next step is to assemble the top harness. They also fasten it to the corners, and in the corners - using the “half-tree” method.

They continue the construction of such a structure as a frame extension to a wooden house by fixing the log to the beam of the lower trim and sheathing the floor with an edged board. The floor beams are fixed to the top. After that, you can start covering the walls. First, from the side of the room, a vapor barrier membrane (bars) is attached to the pillars of the frame. Next up is the interior lining. Then, a heater is installed between the pillars from the side of the street (if the extension is winter). At the final stage, the structure is covered with a waterproofing film and sheathed with clapboard, board or siding.

Construction of block walls

Such an extension to a wooden house looks beautiful and is durable. It is also not too difficult to build, but it costs more than a frame one.

The lower crown of such an extension is laid on a waterproofed foundation in the same way as the framing of a frame structure - that is, with fastening to an anchor. Logs are fixed to it, and the floor is sheathed with a board. The assembly of the walls is carried out in the usual manner. Corners can be connected by butt or half-tree methods.

Expansion joint

A very reliable extension to a wooden house is obtained from a bar. Projects may include the construction of both open verandas and capital heated buildings from this material. However, in any case, one simple rule should be observed: it is impossible to immediately tie the walls of the extension to the house rigidly. The beam after erection gives a very strong shrinkage. Therefore, at the junction of the walls, an expansion joint should be arranged. It is very easy to do this. On both sides of the extension wall (from the side of the room and the street), bars of 100 x 100 or 50 x 50 mm are nailed to the house itself. All cracks are filled with some kind of plastic material - for example, mastic or a special sealant.

If necessary - not less than two years after the erection - an extension to a wooden house or any other, made of timber, can also be attached rigidly. In this case, either staples or special pads with screws are usually used.

brick construction

Wooden extensions - structures, of course, are beautiful and are just perfect for a suburban residential building. However, many owners of cobbled and log houses prefer to build more durable and permanent brick structures. Such an extension is assembled in the usual way with dressing of the seams, the thickness of which can be 1-1.5 cm.

Rigid connection of the walls of the extension and the house, of course, should not be done either. The brick building has a very big weight and settles down considerably. Therefore, the interface between the walls is arranged simply end-to-end with filling the seam with mounting foam or, as in the first case, between the bars.

Features of the construction of roofs

Thus, the extension of a veranda to a wooden house or a more permanent structure is usually carried out without rigidly fixing the walls. The same rule should be observed when assembling the roof. The roof of the extension can be of any shape, but most often the usual shed construction is erected.

At the first stage, the ceiling is hemmed from edged boards or plywood. Further, any vapor or waterproofing material is laid on top of it. Then - a heater. After that, the resulting overlap is sheathed with a board from above.

The rafters are attached on one side to the upper trim or Mauerlat. At the same time, they use metal corners or fastening "in a knot" with a preliminary cutting of the landing nests. From the side of the house on the strapping, you can either simply put a wide beam on the edge, or install it on racks. A waterproofing material (with a slight sag) is stretched onto the rafters and the crate is stuffed. Then fastened roofing sheets. The joint between the roof of the extension and the wall of the building can be sealed with mastic or foamed.

The junction of the foundation of the extension and the foundation of the house, in the event that they are not rigidly fastened, should be laid with a strip of roofing material.
All wooden elements of the building are pre-treated with an antiseptic against fungus and a composition that increases the fire resistance of the material.
A cobbled extension is best erected in the cold season. In winter, this material shrinks less.
When assembling an extension of any type, it is worth using only galvanized fasteners. This will extend the life of the entire structure.

Building extensions, as you can see from the article, is a completely simple matter. The most important thing is to keep everything established technologies. In this case, a reliable, durable and convenient structure will be obtained.

Do-it-yourself extension to the house without first obtaining permits is an illegal increase in the area of \u200b\u200bthe dwelling. It cannot be legitimized in fact if it violates the interests of neighbors, is built from materials that do not meet the norms of SNiP, and is located near underground utilities. The optimal solution is the design before the start of work with preliminary design by specialists.

Addition to the house - perfect solution to expand free space in a country dwelling of any type. It is important that everything construction works can be done on your own.

Of course, this will require certain construction skills and knowledge of work technologies, but there is nothing particularly difficult about it. The help of specialists may be required at the design stage of the structure, as well as when supplying communications inside the structure. In addition, certain problems often arise when legalizing an extension in the regulatory authorities.

The attachment can perform a variety of functions.

Most often, an extension is erected to form an additional room, summer kitchen, garage, veranda, terrace, shed, porch. There are a huge number of options - everything will depend on personal requirements and wishes. Of course, it will be very difficult to build something from a technological point of view, but often all construction is done by hand.

The main thing here is to correctly build the foundation, walls, roof, insulate and isolate the room from moisture, and also correctly attach the new foundation to the old one.

Types of extensions for country houses

Before starting any construction work, it is necessary to clearly determine the type of construction, because it is possible to make an extension to the house only if there is a clear plan and project. There are several most common types of extensions in our country:

canopy

This is the simplest and least expensive extension for a country house from all points of view. The main functional task of such a design is to ensure the protection of people and things located under a canopy from sun rays, rain and other precipitation. Under such a canopy it will be good to relax in the warm season and dine, or you can park the car.

Canopy for a car.

An important advantage of the canopy device is that the construction of a foundation is not required, because the supporting pillars (made of metal, wood, concrete) will act as the base. The canopy frame is attached to these supports.

summer room

To form a summer room, more capital construction will be required than in the case of a canopy. Such premises are intended for relaxation in the warm season, gatherings, reading books, etc. Naturally, a foundation device is required.

It is recommended to use columnar or strip base, depending on the type of building material and the dimensions of the room. To create walls, boards, foam concrete blocks, frame shields are usually used. For better illumination, the walls and roof, in whole or in part, can be made of glass.

Summer room.

Such an extension usually has a shed or gable roof. Roofing material is recommended to use the lightest. Installation thermal insulation materials, as a rule, is not carried out, because such premises are not operated during the cold season.

Living room

Before you attach a room to the house, you must perform all the required calculations and draw up a project. In this case, a thorough approach will be required, which involves the construction of a foundation, the capital construction of walls and roofs, the installation of waterproofing and heat-insulating materials, and the supply of all necessary communications.

Warm living room.

Particular attention is paid to the insulation of the premises, that it was possible to live here in winter time without spending a lot of energy on heating.

Kitchen

As a rule, extensions are not intended for kitchen equipment. Such a structure should be capital, so it needs to be insulated as efficiently as possible.

Wooden kitchen.

It is possible to build such an extension correctly only using a high-quality project created by professionals, because the kitchen needs to be connected to all communications: sewerage, water supply, electricity, gas, ventilation system. This, of course, leads to serious financial costs, which not everyone is ready for.

Garage

Using an extension to build a garage is a very common trend in last years. The garage will require the construction of a strip or monolithic foundation, and for the construction of walls are usually used foam concrete blocks or brick.

Two garages.

The roof, in most cases, is made of profiled sheet or metal tiles, slate or roofing material. Mandatory communications for the garage - ventilation system and heating.

Connecting an extension to a country house

Many people choose for a long time where to attach a new room to their house, so that it is easier to connect it to the main building. There are two options to choose from here:

Independent building. In the event that difficult ground conditions are observed on the ground (for example, heaving soils or high level), it is recommended to build an independent structure that will not be connected to the main house in any way. In this case, the extension and the main structure do not have points of contact, so they do not depend on each other. At the same time, the minimum possible distance is observed between the two buildings, which is a technological gap, which must be filled with heat-insulating and waterproofing materials.
The introduction of an extension to the design of the old building. Such a decision implies a certain laboriousness, because the construction will involve the observance of all the necessary technologies and a lot of calculations and research. First of all, it will be necessary to properly build and insulate the foundation, which must be correctly connected to the base country house. This is usually done with reinforced rods. According to approximately the same technology, the walls and roof of structures are connected.

Features of the construction of the roof for an extension to the house

The roof of the extension to the house can have any shape - here again everything will depend on the requirements and wishes of the owners. Along with this, most often suburban homeowners choose shed roofbecause it is easy to perform, it is easy to insulate it on your own, it goes well with other types of roofs that the main structure may have, and also removes precipitation well, not allowing the entire structure to experience additional loads.

In order for precipitation from the roof of the extension to drain in normal mode, the design of the roof implies a roof slope of 20 degrees or more.

In addition, special attention must be paid to the institution of the roof of the annex under the roof of a country house. If everything is done correctly, the wall located between the extension and the country house will be protected from water ingress through the joint between the two structures. In addition, the roof of the extension should be extremely harmoniously combined with roofing material of the main building and harmoniously fit into the exterior of the building, without standing out from the general background.

In the design process, it is very important to correctly calculate the load that the roof structure will give. Consideration should be given to the weight of rafters, roofing material and other structural elementsused in the construction of the roof.

It is important to understand that the extension to the house on screw piles or pillars is not designed for too serious loads, unlike a monolithic or strip concrete foundation. You also need to insulate the roof (you can insulate using any suitable heat-insulating materials, which are recommended to be covered with waterproofing from above).

How to legalize construction?

Building an extension to an old or new country house is half the battle. Any additional premises erected on the land plot must be documented and permission to carry out construction work must be obtained from the regulatory authorities.

Do-it-yourself extension to the house can be done as you like - no one will force you to invite builders, however, the suburban homeowner must submit to the employees of the regulatory services a well-designed building project.

The procedure for issuing all documentation for an extension to the old country house usually takes from several months to a year.

An interesting point is that you can start collecting documents and obtaining a building permit after all the work has been completed. This is permitted by applicable law.

At the same time, when reviewing documents, employees of the regulatory authority may have some claims that will have to be corrected without fail (for example, the location of the building relative to underground utilities or the use of unsuitable building materials).

Consider buildings to the house and not extensions

Pergola - the simplest structure and a great place to relax.

Barbecue is a great place for receiving guests and holidays.

Quite often it happens that the construction of a private house was carried out without the construction of outbuildings, but then the need for them arose. Modern house designs often assume only the utilitarian function of the house - people will live there. And what, that a person will also conduct some kind of economic activity - no. In addition, sometimes there is an urgent need to increase the living area of \u200b\u200bthe house. An extension made of foam blocks, a brick extension, a wooden one - the creation of these structures will help solve this issue once and for all.

Extension types

The type of buildings is determined depending on what exactly should be in it. It can be a room, a toilet, a garage, a kitchen, and anything. By the way, in middle lane In Russia, you can often find a building in the form of a greenhouse, in which you can grow fruits and vegetables even in winter.

Scheme of the device of the garage-extension

Indeed, in this case, all the necessary engineering communications can be easily extended from the house. Of course, the construction of the structure must be agreed upon, even if we are talking about wooden terraces or just a veranda attached to the house.

Creating a project and choosing the location of the extension

Projects and construction of such structures involve the following stages:

As for the choice of materials, it is better to be guided by the following rule: it is necessary to create projects and build an extension from such materials as the house itself consists of.

Sectional view of a frame house

For example, if it is necessary to attach terraces to a wooden house, then it is better to let it be wooden. Of course, this rule is not always possible to comply with.

Suppose a person wants to breed chickens, he needs a high-quality, windproof, warm brick outbuilding. In this case, this option should be preferred, despite the fact that the house is wooden.

Options for the location of extensions to a standard wooden house

Estimation calculation

Actually, the estimate itself is not so difficult to draw up, it is necessary to take into account the following:

An example of a veranda attached to a wooden house

An estimate for construction should be drawn up immediately after the projects are ready, regardless of whether the terraces will be attached or just wooden utility blocks. This will help you avoid unpleasant surprises in the future.

Foundation erection and foundation connection

In Russia, baths are often attached to wooden houses

Even the construction of an ordinary terrace for a wooden house involves the creation of a new foundation for it. The option of extending the old foundation disappears immediately: it is impossible to do this, but to combine both foundations into a single whole later is not only possible, but also necessary.

For example, even under wooden terraces, you will need to make exactly the same foundation as the main house. So, first you need to decide on the type of foundation itself.

General scheme gable devices frame house

Actually, there are 3 foundation options that can be used as a base for an extension:

Monolithic;
Columnar;
Tape.

The columnar foundation is used extremely rarely in Russia, since it can only be installed on very hard soils such as mountainous ones.

It can be used, for example, to build a gazebo, but such structures are usually not attached to the house, but placed next to it. By the way, instead of a foundation, you can take old tires for a gazebo - this will be quite enough.

Scheme of laying an extension from foam blocks

For capital buildings and garages, reliable and durable foundation structures are needed. Mainly prefabricated and monolithic tapes or a monolithic slab. When using poles and screw piles, it is mandatory to tie with a grillage, and to protect the space under the floor, pick up from the cladding with basement siding with insulation from basalt mineral wool or other similar heaters. On the top of the foundation, horizontal waterproofing is required from rolled waterproofing materials (stekloizol, hydroisol, rubemast or roofing material).

A good option is a frame extension to the house. The frame is constructed from wooden blocks filled with insulation (for example, mineral wool boards) and lined with thick moisture-resistant plywood, OSB boards or other materials. The attached building can be made with window openings. Doorway more convenient internal, which allows passage to the attached part without going outside. But it is also possible to enter the device directly from the street.

The roof is most often arranged single-pitched. It is important to ensure that snow does not accumulate at the junction, so the roof is made with a slope angle of ≥ 25 degrees. The canopy is most often covered with sheets of monolithic polycarbonate or ondulin.

The floor, depending on the purpose of the room, can be concrete (mainly in garages, workshops and pantries), wooden, lined with porcelain stoneware or tiles. Often arranged "warm floors".

Garage walls are recommended to be built from non-combustible products (brick, concrete or lightweight concrete blocks) with overlapping reinforced concrete slabs or corrugated board. Be sure to provide a number of ventilation holes.

How to make an adjoining extension to the house

The connection of an existing building with an extension is one of the most crucial moments of construction. If construction technologies are not observed, cracks will inevitably form in the junctions with opening up to large cracks. This is caused by the difference in the existing loads and the complete absence or slowdown of the settlement of the foundation of the old house.

Attachment of the attached part is carried out in the following two options:

With an expansion joint without direct contact between foundations, walls and roofs. It is recommended in the presence of problem soils (peat or clay). A gap is provided between the constructs, which is later filled with elastic heat and waterproofing materials. It is permissible to lay a board processed with several layers bituminous mastic. The resulting seam is closed with decorative inserts. Be sure to eliminate the possibility of the formation of "snow bags" on the roof at the interface.

Inclusion of all constructs in joint work. The new foundation is arranged with occurrence at the same depth as the existing one. It is applied at the bases from the soils which are not subject to heaving. The contacting surface of the old one is cleaned of soil, a layer of waterproofing, and a notch is made with a perforator. IN drilled holes reinforcing bars are tightly clogged with sealing holes. The obtained mortgages are connected by welding with the reinforcing cage of the extension foundation, and concreting is carried out with a thorough compaction of the mixture using a deep vibrator. brick walls connected in the same way. The rods are placed every two rows in the seams of the new masonry. Wooden structures are tightened with steel bolts or studs with double-sided thread, complete with wide washers, nuts and locknuts. To pair the roof, it will be necessary to remove part of the roofing and jointly fasten the rafters and beams of the house and the extension with the addition of new additional nodes and racks. In some cases, it may be necessary to build a common truss system or replacement with elements of greater length.

The second option is more complex, laborious and costly, although it cannot be guaranteed that the joint of the joints will not disperse over time.

Depending on the design, materials of the existing house and the purpose of the attached premises, the foundation type, material and thickness of the walls, the truss system and roofing materials for the new building are selected.

Before deciding how to build an extension, it is necessary to foresee all the possible nuances of future construction and to ensure that you protect yourself from possible administrative sanctions.

Advantages of an extension compared to a freestanding building

Reducing the scope of work on the supply of engineering communications (electricity, water supply, heating, sewerage, ventilation).

Less material consumption and cost of construction, since at least one existing wall is used.

Rational use territory without cluttering with additional buildings.

Additional insulation that prevents the penetration of cold air directly into the house with a decrease in heat loss.

An extension to the house is an excellent solution for expanding free space in any type of dwelling. It is important that all construction work can be done independently.

The attachment can perform a variety of functions.

Most often, an extension is erected to form an additional room, a summer kitchen, a garage, a veranda, a terrace, a canopy, a porch. There are a huge number of options - everything will depend on personal requirements and wishes. Of course, it will be very difficult to build something from a technological point of view, but often all construction is done by hand.

The main thing here is to correctly build the foundation, walls, roof, insulate and isolate the room from moisture, and also correctly attach the new foundation to the old one.

Types of extensions for country houses

canopy

This is the simplest in execution and less costly from all points of view, an extension for a country house. The main functional task of such a design is to protect people and things located under a canopy from sunlight, rain and other precipitation. Under such a canopy it will be good to relax in the warm season and dine, or you can park the car.

Canopy for a car.

summer room

It is recommended to use a columnar or strip base, depending on the type of building material and the dimensions of the room. To create walls, boards, foam concrete blocks, frame shields are usually used. For better illumination, the walls and roof, in whole or in part, can be made of glass.

Summer room.

Such an extension usually has a shed or gable roof. Roofing material is recommended to use the lightest. Installation of heat-insulating materials, as a rule, is not carried out, because such premises are not used during the cold season.

Living room

Warm living room.

Particular attention is paid to the insulation of the premises, so that one could live here even in winter, without spending a lot of energy on heating.

Kitchen

As a rule, extensions are not intended for kitchen equipment. Such a structure should be capital, so it needs to be insulated as efficiently as possible.

Wooden kitchen.

Garage

Using an extension to build a garage is a very common trend in recent years. A garage will require the construction of a strip or monolithic foundation, and foam concrete blocks or bricks are usually used to build walls.

Two garages.

The roof, in most cases, is made of profiled sheet or metal tiles, slate or roofing material. Mandatory communications for the garage - ventilation system and heating.

Connecting an extension to a country house

Many people choose for a long time where to attach a new room to their house, so that it is easier to connect it to the main building. There are two options to choose from here:

Independent building. In the event that difficult ground conditions are observed on the ground (for example, heaving soils or a high level of groundwater), it is recommended to build an independent structure that will not be connected to the main house in any way. In this case, the extension and the main structure do not have points of contact, so they do not depend on each other. At the same time, the minimum possible distance is observed between the two buildings, which is a technological gap that must be filled with heat-insulating and waterproofing materials.
The introduction of an extension to the design of the old building. Such a decision implies a certain laboriousness, because the construction will involve the observance of all the necessary technologies and a lot of calculations and research. First of all, it will be necessary to properly build and insulate the foundation, which must be correctly connected to the base of the country house. This is usually done with reinforced rods. According to approximately the same technology, the walls and roof of structures are connected.

Features of the construction of the roof for an extension to the house

The roof of the extension to the house can have any shape - here again everything will depend on the requirements and wishes of the owners. Along with this, most often suburban homeowners choose a shed roof, because it is simple to perform, it is easy to insulate it on your own, it goes well with other types of roofs that the main building may have, and also removes precipitation well, not allowing the entire structure to experience additional loads.

In order for precipitation from the roof of the extension to drain in normal mode, the design of the roof implies a roof slope of 20 degrees or more.

In addition, special attention must be paid to the institution of the roof of the annex under the roof of a country house. If everything is done correctly, the wall located between the extension and the country house will be protected from water ingress through the joint between the two structures. In addition, the roof of the extension should be extremely harmoniously combined with the roofing material of the main building and harmoniously fit into the exterior of the building, without standing out from the general background.

In the design process, it is very important to correctly calculate the load that the roof structure will give. The weight of the rafters, roofing material and other structural elements used in the construction of the roof should be taken into account.

It is important to understand that an extension to a house on screw piles or pillars is not designed for too heavy loads, unlike a monolithic or strip concrete foundation. You also need to insulate the roof (you can insulate using any suitable heat-insulating materials, which are recommended to be covered with waterproofing from above).

How to legalize construction?

An extension to the house can be done with your own hands, no one will force you to invite builders, however, the homeowner must submit to the employees of the regulatory services a well-designed building project.

The procedure for processing all documentation for an extension to an old country house usually takes from several months to a year.

An interesting point is that you can start collecting documents and obtaining a building permit after all the work has been completed. This is permitted by applicable law.

Consider buildings to the house and not extensions

Pergola - the simplest structure and a great place to relax.

Barbecue is a great place for receiving guests and holidays.

Over time, the owners of private country houses and cottages with a year-round residence are faced with the need to increase the usable area of their homes. For example, one of the reasons may be the birth of a child or simply the desire for space, since the available area is too small. The frame extension in this case is seen as one of the best solutions. The features of the construction of such a structure, the procedure for its legalization will be discussed in this short article.

Extension Features

The big advantage of the frame extension is the possibility of its interface with a house built from any material, whether it be logs, bricks, blocks or bars.

The design features are generally presented in the diagram below, however, they are almost completely identical to the nuances.

How to make a frame extension to a brick or wooden house?

To build with your own hands, you will need some set of tools. The figure below shows a typical variant of such a set.

The presence of at least one assistant is also desirable, since a number of works cannot be done alone, and working with someone is always more fun.

Interfacing with the main house

Regardless of due to the difference in the magnitude of the load that the cottage and the extension exert on the ground, there is still the possibility that over time they will move relative to each other. For this reason, experts strongly do not recommend a rigid type of adjoining an extension to an old house; it is more expedient to use an adjunction similar in principle to a groove-comb connection. To install it on the wall of a capital structure, you need to fix two beams, and install a vertical beam between them, which is an element frame wall extensions. This type of junction will ensure the leveling of mutual movements. Of course, you can use a metal frame instead of wood, then all embedded elements will also be metal. Or you need to use a bolted swivel.

However, the connection of the extension is not limited to walls alone; it is also important to connect two roofs correctly. To do this, the rafters at one end must be docked with the upper trim of the frame, and at the other - fastened with the roof truss system of the old house. The crate under the roof is mounted in such a way that the junction of the old and new roof is between the elements of the crate.

As a roofing material, it is necessary to use only one that has some degree of flexibility, for example, soft tiles or corrugated board with a wave height of not more than 10 mm. But slate or ceramic tiles are no longer suitable for these purposes.

Step-by-step instruction

1. Installation of the foundation

The first stage of construction is foundation work. Usually, a separate foundation is arranged for the extension, which must be connected to the base of the old house with the help of special embedded fittings.

Of course, the most preferred option is the common foundation laid back at the stage of construction of the first house, however, few of our compatriots look so far, which, however, is quite understandable and understandable in everyday life. When laying, it is necessary to ensure maximum identity not only in shape, but also in depth of both structures.

If it is impossible to achieve full solidity, then a so-called expansion joint must be left between the two foundations so that when the soil moves in the spring, cracks do not form on the walls of the extension and at the very base.

Strapping - the second stage of the construction of the extension. The thickness of the walls of the skeletons is usually 20 cm. Living rooms are rarely placed in extensions, which makes it possible to reduce the wall thickness to 10 cm. Therefore, the diameter of the strapping beam and the cross section of the vertical racks will also be 10 cm.

The figure below shows possible scheme installation of the lower trim of the extension:

When assembling the frame, the most attention should be paid to fastening the racks. The figure below explains its features.

The upper strapping is fastened according to the same principle as the lower one. The side view is shown in the figure below.

5. Sheathing and insulation of the ceiling

The ceiling, like the walls inside, is best sheathed with clapboard. This is the most favorable option from the price and aesthetic points of view. Pine lining will last at least 30 years, and even more with proper care. To insulate the ceiling in order to save money, you can use expanded clay, pouring it on top with a layer of 10–12 cm.

Possible variant installation of the truss system is shown in the figure below:

The process of fastening the roofing material does not differ in any nuances, except for one: the upper part of the sheets should be under the roofing material of the main building. To do this, you may need to remove some of the fasteners. An approximate diagram of the roofing "pie" is shown in the figure below.

The ultimate goal of any construction work is the creation of a durable structure, in which it will be comfortable and cozy to live. The quality of the wall "cake" has the most direct and decisive influence on the achievement of this goal. During the insulation of the walls of a frame house or extension, you need to remember that properly laid steam and wind insulation is a guarantee long service without loss of operational characteristics of any type of insulation. If you forget about it, then the insulation will very quickly absorb moisture from environment and become unusable.

If we consider the layers of the wall "pie" from the inside of the frame extension, then they should go in this order:

1. Inner lining,

2. Air gap (10–20 mm),

3. Vapor barrier,

4. Insulation layer,

5. Wind insulation,

6. Exterior finish.

As wind protection, you can use traditional roofing material or glassine.

The second option is more preferable, since it does not deform when exposed to high temperature environment. When installing vapor barrier membrane materials, it is necessary to place them with a smooth surface towards the thermal insulation layer, and a fleecy one towards the room. The villi do not allow condensation to form on them, which prevents excessive wetting of the insulation.

Building insulation is one of the critical factors comfortable stay in it in the future. In fact, all the nuances regarding completely coincide with the features of the insulation of full-fledged houses built using frame technology. For insulation, you can use the most different materials both traditional and more modern: ecowool, sawdust, basalt mineral plates, extruded polystyrene foam and much more. In terms of speed and simplicity installation work nevertheless, perhaps, a mineral slab insulation is optimal.
Such a heater must be tightly laid between the frame racks in several layers, but without kinks and pinches, which over time can lead to the formation of "cold bridges". An important feature in the course of work is the need to shift the joints between the plates relative to each other in adjacent layers. This principle must be observed not only when insulating walls, but also the ceiling and floor.

Possible mistakes

To complete and re-plan an existing structure is always more difficult than building from scratch, so you should once again pay attention to in the process of building a frame extension.

First and foremost, many inexperienced builders rely on factory processing of all lumber. However, this is wrong, all elements of the frame must be well dried and treated with fire-retardant impregnations before assembly. window frames and the doors must be installed strictly according to the level and fixed to the already installed vertical racks, that is, the dimensions of all openings must be calculated at the planning stage.

How to legalize an extension to the house?

When all the construction work on the construction of the frame extension is completed, many of our compatriots begin to think about the need to legitimize the resulting masterpiece of architecture. However, it is better to think about this before starting work, since the process of legalizing an unauthorized structure is a little more complicated, you will have to go to court, moreover, the result may not be in favor of the plaintiff and then you will have to demolish all the resulting beauty, and at your own expense. Of course, you can not go through the circles of bureaucratic hell and leave everything as it is, but this will entail the impossibility of selling, renting, bequeathing or donating the whole house, and not just an extension.

When applying to the courts, you will need a whole set of various documents, among which the most important are the following:

Certificate of ownership of the land;
Certificate of ownership of a residential building (cottage);
Help from BTI;
Permission from the housing and communal services organization;
An extract from the house book on the number of registered citizens in a residential building;
Frame extension plan;
House project;
Control survey of the annex on a scale of 1:500;
The consent of the neighbors, if the extension borders their site;
Act of the epidemiological service.

In some cases, you may need a photo of the site, living quarters and an extension to it.

To drafting statement of claim must be taken with all responsibility, since the process can be lost due to errors made in it. Most courts will provide an application form and help you fill it out.

After filing a claim, you need to wait for a response, which should be sent by mail. To make sure that the application is accepted, after 10 working days you can call back and clarify the information. It should be borne in mind that the judges have only 2 legitimate reasons for rejecting the acceptance of the claim: the presence judgment regarding the legalization of this building or an incorrectly drafted claim document. The second option is to reapply.

The municipality will become the defendant during the court session, and the owner of the house to which the annex is made, respectively, will be the plaintiff. When the court decides in favor of the plaintiff, he will need to obtain a payment receipt from Rosregistration for paying the state duty and make a payment, after which the owner will be issued all the necessary documents legitimizing the unauthorized construction.

As for other monetary expenses, approximately 10,000 rubles will be spent on collecting all the necessary information (consultations with lawyers, etc.), the price of the state duty is currently 500 rubles, 20,000 rubles is an entry in the Urban Planning Cadastre, about 60,000 more rubles will be required by specialists for forensic construction and technical expertise. Thus, in addition to direct construction costs, about 100,000 rubles will be needed for all bureaucratic delays.

Video

Watch a video about how the construction work was carried out on the frame extension to the house.