Polycarbonate fastening methods: profiles, thermal washers, self-tapping screws. How to fix polycarbonate - basic tips. How to fix polycarbonate to a metal and wooden frame? What, and which side is more correct How to fix cellular polycarbonate

• Technique for attaching polycarbonate to metal frame allows you to implement with it the most various options building structures, including canopies and roofing domes and arches.

  Some of the remarkable properties of polycarbonate that make it so attractive to the average user include:

  • transparency and strength;
  • lightness and flexibility;
  • the possibility of operation in a wide temperature range (from minus 45 to plus 120 degrees);
  • environmental safety and durability (service life up to 20 years).

  Let's add such an important detail as the ease of installation of coating elements from this material.

  In addition to all of the above, canopies of various classes, acoustic barriers, greenhouses, enclosing structures and much more are made from this material.

  Types of polycarbonate

  

  On the domestic market, there are two types of polycarbonate products (cellular or honeycomb and with a monolithic structure), each of which has modifications that differ in thickness and color of the material. They are made from the same raw materials, but have many structural and decorative differences.

  When choosing each of the known designs of polycarbonate, the following considerations (initial data) are guided:

  • the structure of the material (since honeycomb panels are hollow, they are lighter in weight and easier to install);
  • cost per square meter;
  • method of attaching polycarbonate to metal;
  • its decorativeness and attractiveness;
  • material durability.

  So, in the construction of greenhouses, canopies and canopies, preference is given to lighter cellular polycarbonate, and for decorative design fences and other durable buildings, it is more convenient to use monolithic panels.

  The cost of a polycarbonate sheet can be very different; it all depends on the modification, thickness and dimensions of the proposed product. At the same time, each user chooses the price range that he can master (not to the detriment of the quality of the purchased material).

  Regarding the question of how to attach polycarbonate to metal, it should be noted that each such product is accompanied by an instruction that describes in detail the procedure for its installation. Due to the variety of its shapes, this material allows you to create complex and original designs with fastening mainly on a substrate (frame or profile).

  Mounting features (installation standards)

  

  High strength characteristics of structures made of this material are achieved with an appropriate orientation of the hollow channels included in its structure. So, with vertical installation of polycarbonate panels, the greatest strength is provided by their orientation from top to bottom, and for curved structures - parallel to the bend contour. For oblique elements maximum rigidity can be obtained by placing sheets in the direction of the slope.

  For external installation of such products, as a rule, polycarbonate with a protective coating that protects against UV radiation is used. All information on the type of protection and the method of laying the panels is usually given on the protective film, so it is not recommended to remove it until the installation of the products is completed.

  

  Before attaching polycarbonate to metal, you need to familiarize yourself with the restrictions on the permissible parameters of its installation, such as, for example:

  • the angle of inclination with a standard sheet length should not exceed 5 degrees, and with a blank length of more than 6 meters, this figure can be increased;
  • the bending radius during the formation of arched structures according to the specifications cannot be more than 150 nominal thicknesses of the panel itself;
  • the diameter of the holes prepared for fastening is generally selected 3 mm larger than the same size for the fastener.

  In addition, the list of restrictions specifies the type of hardware ( fasteners) or polymer materials used to fix workpieces, the procedure for installing gaskets and much more.

  Preparatory activities

  

  Before attaching polycarbonate to a metal frame, we advise you to pay attention to the fact that the following set of tools will be required for mounting sheets:

  • hacksaw for metal;
  • electric drill with a set of drills and a screwdriver;
  • sharpened mounting knife;
  • measuring and marking tool (ruler and pencil).

  In addition, before starting work, you should prepare self-tapping screws with a galvanized tip (or stainless steel) and a set of thermal washers that ensure a reliable sealing of the joints.

  Even before their implementation, you also need to pay attention to the following points:

  1 There are two types of polycarbonate fastening: frame and profile. In the first case, a frame with grooves up to 25 mm deep is used, made of wood, metal or plastic. The internal dimensions of this design are selected in accordance with the dimensions of the workpiece used (taking into account the necessary clearances). When choosing the second option, special guide profiles are used for fastening. 2 Fixing on the profile frame can be done in two ways. This is the so-called "wet" method, which involves the use of special putty and sealants, and the "dry" method (by means of self-tapping screws, screws and bolted joints). 3 Self-tapping screws are screwed in perpendicular to the laying plane so as not to deform the material by excessive pressure. 4 During installation, it is mandatory to use sealing elements made in the form of rubber gaskets without plasticizers or a plastic profile.

  

  Gluing sealing gaskets to polycarbonate, as well as attaching it directly to metal, is not allowed.

  5 The step of fixing the gaskets is 50 cm (taking into account the two-centimeter indent from the edge of the frame). 6 When working with the “wet” method, you can use polyamide glue or double-sided adhesive tape (for lightweight structures). For outdoor installation, weather-resistant silicone compounds are used. 7 Before gluing prefabricated elements, their surfaces are degreased with a solvent, which is usually isopropyl alcohol.

  When describing the upcoming work, we will consider the option of profile fixing of workpieces on a metal frame using the “dry” fastening method.

  Direct mounting of polycarbonate blanks

  

  • Then, the sheets are marked in accordance with the dimensions of the already mounted profile frames, on which the attachment points are pre-marked and holes for polycarbonate are drilled.
  • Before mounting the blanks, special sealing gaskets are placed in the profiles, fixed in an arbitrary way (but not with glue).
  • Already marked sheets with holes drilled in the appropriate places are mounted on these gaskets.
  • At the final step, it remains only to fix the workpieces laid on the gaskets with self-tapping screws, trying to maintain an even cut line.

  In conclusion, we note that situations are not uncommon when, during operation, an incorrectly fixed sheet is torn off by the wind and destroyed. To restore the surface of the structure, it is necessary to remove the remains of the destroyed material, lay new seals along the guide profiles, and lay a pre-prepared sheet of the required size on top of them. The fastening of a new workpiece is carried out by the method we have already considered.

Having stopped your choice on this material, you should choose the right product that best meets the required conditions. For any design, there are parameters that determine the choice - this is temperature environment(not affected) indoor temperature (set by standards), design loads on the structure (depending on the region) and your taste. However, not the last place in the selection parameters is material quality. After all, only serious factories produce quality material, with a 10-year warranty and a service life of 25-30 years.

These recommendations for installation, transportation and storage are based on many years of experience in the work of manufacturing plants ( Poligal And Carboglass) of cellular polycarbonate and will give you the opportunity to use the material correctly.

For safety when installing plates, you should:

• Comply with safety regulations when working at height.
• beware of slippery surfaces.
• beware of losing balance in windy weather.

Installation of polycarbonate slabs in flat, pitched and vertical structures (single-pitched, double-pitched roofs, pyramid structures)

When designing the supporting structure, it must be taken into account that the plates must be mounted in such a way that the polycarbonate stiffeners are located strictly from top to bottom to allow condensate to escape.

At the same time, for panels installed in a flat horizontal position, an inclination angle of at least 5˚ is required.

The calculation was made for a wind and snow load of 180 kg/m2.

Plate thickness (mm)	Structural cell size (cm)
4 mm	50 x 50 cm
6 mm	75 x 75 cm
8 mm	95 x 95 cm
10 mm	105 x 105 cm
16 mm	100 x 200 cm

For the correct manufacture of the supporting structure and the avoidance of large waste, it is recommended to clarify the dimensions of polycarbonate plates and the method of installation with specialists. Also, before installing polycarbonate, it is necessary to perform all welding and painting work on the structure.

Accessories used for the installation of polycarbonate plates

End tapes (upper sealing, lower perforated)

End profile UP

Connecting profile (one-piece HP, detachable HCP, aluminum clamping plate)

Ridge profile RP (depending on design)

Corner profile (depending on design)

Wall profile FP (depending on design)

Self-tapping screws with sealing rubber washers (with a drill for metal structures, without drill for wooden frames)

1. Polycarbonate sheets have a packaging protective film on both sides. Under the film with factory markings is the front side, which has a UV protective layer that protects the polycarbonate from exposure to harsh UV radiation. back side has a transparent or plain film. Important! Polycarbonate is installed with the front side (UV-protective layer) outward to the sun. Otherwise, the life of the panel will be shortened. ( The manufacturer's warranty does not cover panels installed in violation of the instructions).

2. For storage and transportation, the ends of the polycarbonate panels are protected with temporary tape. During installation, temporary adhesive tape should be removed and installed: sealing tape - along the upper edge (to protect the upper ends), and perforated tape - along the bottom (to allow condensate to escape from the cells and protect the sheets from dust). All open channels of the panels must be glued with end tape.

3. Tapes must be closed with end profiles (if the edge of the panel does not go into grooves or other profiles). In profiles that are attached to the lower edge of the panel, it is necessary to clear the drainage holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm in increments of 300 mm. During installation, it is necessary that the short shelf of the end profile is outside. For strength, the end profile is attached to small self-tapping screws or drops of transparent silicone sealant.

4. Immediately before installation, the packaging film from the sheets must be partially removed, but in such a way as not to confuse the sides. Please note that premature removal of the protective film may damage the panel. Immediately after installation, the entire packaging film is completely removed!

To connect polycarbonate panels, various types of profiles are used, which are selected depending on the supporting structure.

One-piece polycarbonate connecting profile HP:

It is intended for connection of sheets among themselves. The profile is attached directly to the structure through a self-tapping screw, the edges of the panel are inserted into the profile on both sides, and the panels are attached to the structure along the purlins using self-tapping screws with sealing rubber washers. Suitable for vertical, horizontal and pitched structures.

One-piece connecting profile HP

It should be remembered that HP profiles (4 and 6 mm) do not provide reliable joint sealing.

Wall polycarbonateF profile

It is designed both for sealing panels and for fastening the edges of panels to the wall base. Attaches with self-tapping screws.

Wall profile FP

Corner polycarbonate profile

It is intended for connection of panels in corners of designs.

Angle profile

Ridge polycarbonate profile

Designed for joining polycarbonate panels in a ridge up to 120˚ (in gable structures, in pyramid structures).

Ridge profile

Detachable polycarbonate connection profile

Includes

1) the base on which the ends of the connected sheets are placed along the length; it is attached to the crate through the center with self-tapping screws.

2) a lid that is attached to the bottom by hand pressure or with a mallet with a rubber tip.

This profile is convenient for joining long sheets on a roof slope or in arched structures.

Split connection profile

HCP type profiles (8, 10 and 16 mm) provide both reliable sealing of the joint and high panel clamping force, which eliminates the need for additional fasteners. In this case, the width of the mounted panel should not exceed 800-900 mm (panels 8 and 10 mm) and 1200-1400 mm for panels 16 mm.

If overlapping panels cannot be avoided, the recommended overlap of the transverse (on the short side of the panel) joint should be 100-140 mm, and the longitudinal joint - 70-80 mm.

When using own or custom-made profiles, the customer should take into account the required clamping width of the panel edges in the profile wings - a minimum of 12.7 mm for 6-10 mm panels and a minimum of 19 mm for 16-25 mm panels, plus a margin for thermal expansion. (For example, a transparent panel 6 mm thick and a width of 1 m would require a clamp equal to 12.7 + 2.5 = 15.2 mm. A bronze panel 16 mm with a panel width of 1600 mm would require a clamp equal to 19 + (4. ,6)=26 mm.) In regions with high calculated wind and/or snow load the minimum values ​​given should be increased by one and a half times. When installing the panels indoors (in the absence of high loads), it is possible to reduce the indicated values ​​​​by 3 times, but in any case, the groove size cannot be less than 5 mm.

Interpanel connection

1. Fastening of polycarbonate sheets is carried out using self-tapping screws with rubber sealing washers, along the entire crate, in increments of 400-600 mm.

2. For each self-tapping screw, it is necessary to pre-drill a hole, the center of the axis of which should be located no closer than 36 mm from the edge of the panel. The hole diameter must be 2 mm larger than the diameter of the self-tapping screw to allow thermal expansion and contraction of the material. This coefficient for transparent panels is 2.5 mm/m, for colored panels - 4.5 mm/m.

3. When fastening self-tapping screws, avoid excessive twisting, which can lead to deformation of the sheet surface. It is important to tighten the bolts perpendicular to the surface to avoid damage.

5. It should be remembered that it is allowed to hang the edge of the panel beyond the limits of the supporting structure by no more than 10 cm, but not less than 3 cm.

Attention! Do not leave panels unattended on a roof or installation site unless they are properly secured and all mounting bolts are in place. During installation, make sure that the panels are protected from sudden gusts of wind.

Installation of polycarbonate plates in arched structures(tunnels, alleys, vaults, domes)

Polycarbonate panels are installed by honeycomb channels only in the direction of the arched surface.

Incorrect positioning of the material

Correct location - in the direction of the arch

Polycarbonate sheets can be bent into an arch to the minimum allowable radius without mechanical damage to the surface. Moreover, the internal pressure that occurs during compression gives the structure additional strength and rigidity. The smaller the compression radius (up to the minimum allowable), the higher the rigidity of the structure.

Important! Compressing and twisting the panel in excess of the minimum allowable radius results in high blood pressure and surface deformations, as a result, bursting or breaking of the sheet. Panels installed in violation of the minimum bending radius are not covered by the factory warranty!

Minimumadmissibleradiusbendingsheets (R)

Recommended ratio of the lengths of the sides of the cell of the supporting structurein the manufacture of arched roofs

For installation in arched structures, panels are prepared in the same way as for pitched structures. Important! In an arched installation, when both ends of the panel with open channels are located at the bottom, only perforated tape is used. The panels are connected using connecting profiles and roofing screws with sealing washers (see Fig. Preparing panels for installation, Ways of connecting and fixing panels, Interpanel connection). It should be noted that it is difficult to connect panels with a one-piece connecting profile, therefore it is recommended to use a split connecting profile. If the use of a one-piece connecting profile is necessary, then the profile must be larger than the thickness of the polycarbonate (for example, when connecting polycarbonate sheets with a thickness of 4 mm, you need to use an HP profile for 6 mm, etc.).

Transportation of polycarbonate panels

Transportation of panels is carried out in a truck with a body of suitable dimensions with a flat floor without protruding irregularities. For panels with a thickness of 4-8 mm, it is not allowed to protrude beyond the dimensions of the body, panels with a thickness of 10-16 mm can protrude beyond the limits of the body by no more than 0.8-1 m. Panels must be transported only in a horizontal position, they can be stacked one on top of the other , thicker at the bottom, thinner at the top, avoiding sagging unsupported surfaces.

In case of emergency, it is possible to carry out the transportation of panels rolled up in a closed car, while it is necessary that the internal width and height of the body correspond to the minimum allowable panel bending radius. For transportation over a short distance, it is permissible for the internal width of the body to be less than the permitted one by 10%. (The POLYGLAS SPb company does not recommend such transportation and does not take responsibility for possible damage to panels transported in this way.)

Polycarbonate storage

Polycarbonate panels should be stored without breaking the original packaging. Overloading or transferring the panels should be done carefully so as not to break the packaging film and not damage the panel itself.

Polycarbonate panels are stored in a horizontal position on a flat surface (pallets, cardboard, etc.). Storage of plates on the ground is not allowed.

It is necessary to store polycarbonate indoors, avoiding overheating of the panels in the sun.

Do not leave panels with open ends on long time, because the channels can become clogged with dust and insects can get into them.

Cutting polycarbonate

Cellular polycarbonate is cut using a circular saw (“parquet”, “grinder”, electric jigsaw) or other suitable cutting equipment, including manual, which should be with a fine, undivided tooth at an angle of inclination close to 30 °. Chips that are formed during the saw cutting process should be thoroughly cleaned with a jet of air under pressure or in any other way available. During cutting, the polycarbonate should be pressed firmly against the table surface to prevent it from vibrating or shifting. If it is necessary to cut plates of insignificant thickness (4-6 mm), you can use a wide knife or metal shears.

Washing of polycarbonate plates

Polycarbonate can be washed with a soft sponge/cloth/brush and warm soapy water. You can use any soap (including laundry), dishwashing detergents and window cleaners containing alcohol (but not containing acetone, ammonia), it is imperative to wash off the soap so that stains and stains do not remain.

Do not use scrapers, knives or other sharp objects.

Do not use products containing acetone, ammonia, ethers.

Polycarbonate has recently been used in private construction, but has already become widespread. Light weight, high strength, excellent resistance to atmospheric action and temperature extremes made it possible for this material to easily replace glass and certain types of coatings. Do-it-yourself installation of polycarbonate is not difficult if you know certain rules.

Depending on the manufacturing method, polycarbonate is divided into types:

The most popular is two- and three-layer cellular polycarbonate, the thickness of the sheets of which varies from 4 to 35 mm. It is widely used in the assembly of greenhouses and conservatories, for sheds over swimming pools and cars, canopies of various shapes and sizes, as well as balcony and other partitions.

Due to the hollow structure, the material has high thermal insulation and dampens sounds well. Cellular polycarbonate transmits 80% of the light spectrum, bends perfectly, does not burn, weighs 16 times less than glass of the same thickness and 7 times lighter than plastic panels.

Monolithic polycarbonate in private construction is used for the manufacture of balcony and interior partitions, glazing attic rooms and window openings. It is hundreds of times stronger than glass, while it has a very aesthetic appearance. The surface of polycarbonate is resistant to mechanical stress, and therefore it is quite difficult to scratch or pierce it.

Profiled polycarbonate is a thin transparent sheet of wavy shape. It is most suitable for manufacturing and repairing roofing. Its strength is much higher than that of a monolithic one, and its service life is calculated in decades. Even under the influence negative temperatures, atmospheric precipitation, sun rays the surface of polycarbonate does not lose its original shape.

Location of panels during installation

When proceeding with the installation of polycarbonate panels, the following rules must be observed:

• with vertical fastening of sheets, stiffeners must be directed vertically;
• when laying the coating at an angle, the stiffeners are directed along the slopes;
• when mounting the arches, the stiffeners are located in an arc.

This arrangement is required to exit the condensate from the cavities of the sheet, which is formed during temperature changes. For the same reason, the lower sections cannot be closed tightly. But the upper edges of the panels must be covered with a special tape or profile to prevent clogging of the cells with dust, snow, rainwater and debris.

When assembling various arches, the bending of the sheet should not exceed the radius indicated on the marking, the value of which differs for each type of panel. Failure to follow this rule will result in damage to the panel. The outer side of the sheets is covered with a protective film with markings, and it is recommended to remove it only after installing the polycarbonate.

The standard width of a polycarbonate sheet is 2.1 m, the length of the sheets is 6 and 12 m. For arranging a canopy or partition, this is too much, so the material needs to be cut. Incorrect cutting of panels damages the protective coating and polycarbonate edges, which can damage appearance designs. It is most convenient to use a high-speed circular saw with carbide blades for cutting. In order for the cut edges to be as even as possible, the disc must have fine, undivided teeth.

During the cutting process, the panel should be securely fixed to eliminate the slightest vibration. The top film must not be removed at this stage, because it protects the coating from microscopic damage during sawing. For cut panels, the internal cavities should be cleaned of chips, as they will prevent the free flow of condensate.

Hole drilling rules

For drilling polycarbonate panels, standard drills of various diameters are taken. In this case, there are several important rules:

• minimum allowable distance from the edge of the panel to the hole is 4 cm;
• holes for fasteners must be located between the stiffeners;
• the diameter of the mounting holes must exceed the cross section of the thermal washer leg by 2-3 mm;
• the minimum drilling angle is 90 degrees, the maximum is 118 degrees;
• the sharpening angle of the drill is 30 degrees.

Failure to comply with these rules will lead to deformation and distortion of the sheet during installation, as well as reduce the reliability of fastening and thermal insulation of the material. When fixing sheets of great length, all holes must have an elliptical shape and direction along the stiffeners.

For fastening polycarbonate sheets to metal and other surfaces, self-tapping screws equipped with thermal washers are used. The leg of the thermal washer must match the thickness of the panel: legs that are too short will lead to overtightening of the fasteners and deflection of the sheet, too long legs will not be able to ensure a tight fit of the material. Self-tapping screws are placed no more often than after 30-40 cm. It is impossible to fasten the panels with nails or rivets.

Adjacent panels are interconnected by detachable and one-piece profiles. These details make it possible to easily assemble a structure of any size and configuration from sheets.

Connection with detachable profiles

Detachable profiles are designed to connect panels with a thickness of 6 to 16 mm. They are made of two parts: a base and a lid with a lock. Each profile is capable of holding 2 sheets 50-105 cm wide; on the sections adjacent to the wall, a wall profile is used, and to connect the panels at a right angle, a corner profile is used. All types of profiles are fastened with self-tapping screws.

Panels are installed as follows:

• drill the bottom of the profile in several places;
• attach the base to the longitudinal frame;
• lay the material on both sides of the profile, leaving a gap of at least 5 mm;
• take a wooden hammer, and use it to snap the lid;
• the ends of the extreme profiles are closed with tight plugs.

Connection with one-piece profiles

The width of the profile grooves must necessarily correspond to the thickness of the sheets - 4-6 mm, 8 or 10 mm. Panels are inserted into the grooves right size, and then attach the profiles to the longitudinal frame of the structure. Self-tapping screws are used as fasteners; the fastening step is 30 cm. This method are mainly used for sealing the edges of panels of vertical structures that are not subjected to heavy loads. This is due to the low reliability of the connections and the low sealing of the joints between the sheets.

End sealing

Cellular polycarbonate requires mandatory sealing of joints and ends. The upper sections are usually covered with self-adhesive aluminum tape, but you cannot use ordinary tape for this purpose. On top of the aluminum tape, end profiles made of polycarbonate are attached, which are very reliable and aesthetic in appearance. The lower sections cannot be sealed, otherwise condensate will accumulate inside the cavities and, when frozen, will destroy the cells. To protect the lower ends, a perforated self-adhesive tape and the same end profile are used, in which holes should be made for water drainage.

In places where maximum tightness is required, aluminum profiles with rubber seals. On the arches, both ends are closed with perforated tape. Leaving open the upper or lower sections is unacceptable.

Thermal expansion calculation

When installing panels with your own hands, you should take into account the deformation of the material from temperature fluctuations. For transparent cellular polycarbonate, as well as for panels white color the expansion coefficient is 0.065 mm per degree per square meter of area. It is not difficult to calculate the allowable expansion: first, the largest annual temperature difference is determined, and then multiplied by a coefficient.

For example, if the most heat reached plus 50 degrees, and the smallest was minus 40 degrees, the difference is 90; multiplying it by 0.065, they get 5.85 mm per square meter. That is, a 10 m long arch on a hot day can still lengthen by 58.5 mm.

Colored polycarbonate tends to heat up 10-15 degrees more, so the expansion coefficient is 6.5 mm. The smaller the temperature difference, the less the material expands. Thermal gaps in ridge and corner joints, as well as in the places where self-tapping screws are attached, make it possible to avoid serious deformations and breaks in the coating.

Video - Do-it-yourself installation of polycarbonate

A great idea to glaze a veranda or assemble a greenhouse made of transparent plastic on a metal profile will be successful only if the polycarbonate is correctly attached to the metal frame. Both materials, steel and polycarbonate polymer, have features and disadvantages, therefore, before attaching polycarbonate to metal, careful surface preparation and, of course, the use of a special type of fastener will be required.

Features of fixing polycarbonate to metal

The use of a metal frame to construct a greenhouse or a canopy over the entrance to the house is considered optimal solution. You can quickly assemble load-bearing beams and arched ceilings, welding provides the strongest type of connection, and square arcs rolled on a machine get a perfectly flat and smooth surface.

In turn, polycarbonate, whether cellular or monolithic, is recognized as the most successful type of roof, especially for such specific structures as a greenhouse frame or a protective canopy over a car park.

But together, two excellent materials do not get along very well, there are at least three reasons why you have to use a special type of fastener for polycarbonate to a metal frame:

• Polycarbonate plastic has an abnormally high coefficient of thermal expansion, almost two orders of magnitude higher than that of metal. This means that any methods of attaching polycarbonate to metal must be performed with compensating gaps;
• Due to temperature fluctuations, especially in early spring, polycarbonate sheets begin to "ride" on the supporting surface of the steel frame. Since the plastic surface is many times softer than the metal one, the edges of the sheets eventually become covered with stripes and scratches;
• Monolithic and even cellular polycarbonate has a high heat capacity and low thermal conductivity, about 30% lower than that of glass. As a result of the temperature difference, condensation forms on the details of the metal frame, especially under the attachment points and inside the honeycombs. Frame parts have to be regularly cleaned and periodically painted.

Usually, the owners, when planning the method of laying the roof of a canopy or a polycarbonate greenhouse on a metal frame, take into account only the first point. Fracture and cracking of polycarbonate sheets laid on a steel frame without compensating gaps can be seen two hours after completion of work. Therefore, most developers are well aware of the behavior of plastic and are well aware of how to properly attach polycarbonate to metal with gaps and compensators.

Risk of damage to polycarbonate on a steel frame

The last two points are traditionally overlooked, it is considered more important to prevent thermal stresses and deformation of polycarbonate sheets. Few people think that a steel frame structure will need to be maintained, cleaned and painted at least once every five years.

For your information! The most vulnerable parts of the metal frame are not the bases of the supports, as is commonly believed by do-it-yourselfers, but the front edges of the surface, on which sheet polycarbonate rests.

It is in this place, due to the large amount of moisture, oxygen and sunlight the paintwork will burn out and crack first. Therefore, the steel frame must be painted under the polycarbonate fasteners to the metal. This is not as easy as it might seem at first glance:

• It is very difficult to crawl under the mount with a brush, so the sheets of polycarbonate plastic must be dismantled, the metal must be cleaned before painting, and, if necessary, the gaskets must be changed;
• Paint or solvent must not come into contact with the polycarbonate surface. First, plastic, contrary to popular belief, melts well and is damaged by a wide variety of solvents, including alcohol, aromatic and organochlorine liquids.

When even a small amount of paint for outdoor metal work gets on polycarbonate, and they are usually produced on the basis of aromatic compounds, a matte opaque spot instantly forms. It is very difficult to remove a “burn” from a cell phone, and especially from a monolithic plastic. Therefore, it is easier to make a collapsible fastening of a monolithic polycarbonate to a metal frame than to damage the material during the first painting.

Of course, the task of maintaining the metal frame can be greatly simplified and even eliminate the use of paint. For example, choose a special aluminum profile with oxidized and painted surface. Not only does the quality of the coating guarantee the protection of the metal cross members of the frame for one and a half to two decades, the process of attaching polycarbonate is simplified several times.

How to fix polycarbonate to a metal frame

You can lay plastic sheets on a finished steel or aluminum base using the most different ways. For example, polycarbonate can be glued to a sealant or sewn to wooden clapboard, fasten with self-tapping screws or use a special mounting profile. The choice of a specific technology is based on the dimensions of the roof, the shape and thickness of the material, and, of course, depends on the structure of the polycarbonate - honeycomb or monolithic.

In order not to engage in handicraft, with the method of fastening it is best to use the most reliable and proven schemes:

• Installing or laying the fixation of the sheet on the intermediate polycarbonate tape of the H-shaped profile;
• Installation of plastic sheets with fixation at the joints using a collapsible - split strip;
• Fastening polycarbonate using a specialized detachable profile.

In addition to the three main methods, an auxiliary fastening option is used by the point method. In this case, the polycarbonate is fixed not at the edge joint line, but over the entire area of ​​the canvas. The scheme is clearly borrowed from the technology of sheathing frame metal fences and today it is used only for very thin cellular polycarbonate.

The simplest options for attaching plastic to the frame

The point method of fixing a polycarbonate roof involves the use of a wooden crate laid on a frame between metal purlins. For fastening in the canvas is drilled through hole, a rubber bushing is installed in the cavity, then a self-tapping screw with a compensating washer is wrapped, and a protective cap is put on.

Instead of a self-tapping screw, you can use a screw, which will make it possible, if necessary, to remove the polycarbonate from the metal frame. The only condition is that you need to drill a hole in the crate. The standard pitch for attaching polycarbonate to a metal frame is 300-400 mm.

For your information! The method, despite its primitiveness and not the best decorative look, has two very important advantages. Firstly, fasteners cost a penny, and it is very easy to repair them. Secondly, the load on polycarbonate from the pressure of snow or water is transferred to the metal frame evenly over the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe structure.

Even an extremely large layer of snow will not push through thin polycarbonate on a metal frame, as is the case when using simpler and modern schemes mounts. In addition, using a point method, you can easily mount the material on rails with an asymmetrical profile, for example, fasten polycarbonate to a metal corner.

Fixing with a tape profile

In this case, an H-shaped plastic tape with two shelves at the ends is attached to the metal on the frame. The profile is used to attach cellular polycarbonate to a metal frame. In this case, the tape is laid on the roof simultaneously with the polycarbonate sheet.

The advantage of such a scheme is the high speed of mounting cellular polycarbonate on a metal frame. In addition, counter battens or arched sections can be dispensed with, which simplifies work and saves material. The strength of this method of attaching polycarbonate is low, so it is used mainly for temporary ground greenhouses and greenhouses.

Fixed plastic fixing

Approximately 90% of all roofs, canopies and protective canopies are assembled according to a stationary scheme. In this case, the roof is assembled from individual sheets of plastic, cut to the full width of the roof. In this way, it is possible to ensure the minimum length of the seams, which greatly simplifies the installation of a transparent coating on a metal base.

For permanent roofs and canopies, two types of fasteners are used:

The main advantage of both schemes is the high strength of fasteners and the possibility of repairing the roofing. In decorative terms, the plank mount looks more attractive.

Preparing for installation

First of all, before starting installation work it will be necessary to check and, if necessary, align the bearing surfaces of the metal arcs or profiles on which it is planned to lay the material. If this is not done, then the surface playing with glare on an uneven frame will look very ugly.

After priming and painting the metal frame, mounting strips are laid on the crossbars, their position is aligned according to the template and fixed with a bolted connection.

How to fix polycarbonate to a metal frame

If the fix is ​​selected dot method, it is easiest to fasten on individual sections of the roof before installing on a metal frame. In this way, small fragments of greenhouses or temporary sheds are collected.

Separate panels with already installed polycarbonate sheets are joined with quick-release couplings or clamps.

How to fix cellular polycarbonate to a metal frame

The turned method of fastening allows you to flexibly select places for installing self-tapping screws. Usually fasteners are screwed into the wood of the crate, but if the frame is assembled without a sublayer, then metal clamps from steel or aluminum strips can be used, as is done when assembling the fence. It is important that there is a gap of at least 4 mm between the edges for each meter of coating length.

If the roof frame is assembled in the form of flat slopes, then it will be more convenient to use a special rail. First of all, a mounting profile-rail is attached to the frame. Sheets of cellular polycarbonate are fixed with a clamp on metal pipes, after that, the clamping bar is laid and fixed with self-tapping screws.

The ends of cellular polycarbonate are sewn to the metal frame using spot fasteners. It will only be necessary to lay an additional gasket tape under the top and bottom edges of the plastic. Of course, the honeycomb sheet is laid so that the channels are located in the longitudinal direction relative to the slope.

A polymer-aluminum tape is glued on the upper end of the honeycomb sheet, and plugs with condensate drainage holes are installed along the lower edge. One of the options for mounting polycarbonate on a metal frame is shown in the video:

How to fix monolithic polycarbonate to a metal frame

Working with molded polycarbonate plastic is both more difficult and easier. On the one hand, monolithic carbonate is very strong, and correct styling the rigidity of the metal frame increases significantly. On the other hand, the material is easily scratched, and most importantly, the monolith does not forgive mistakes when preparing a metal base. If the honeycomb panel can be bent or pressed down by fastening, then with a monolithic web, maximum accuracy is required, first of all, in leveling the supporting surface.

If there is no experience with cast polycarbonate sheet, then it is best to use a specialized two-strand profile. With it, you can fix plastic of unlimited thickness and width, both monolithic and honeycomb material.

This type of fastening of monolithic polycarbonate to a metal frame is not cheap, therefore it is used for cast plastics or honeycomb arches of large curvature.

Structurally, the unit consists of a rigid aluminum base with raised side edges - shelves. A U-shaped metal-rubber or silicone seal is laid on the edges. The top pressure bar is also equipped with a band seal.

When attaching plastic, the edges of a monolithic polycarbonate sheet are fixed by pressing with a self-tapping screw to the bottom of the profile. At the same time, the cast sheet retains the ability to deviate by several degrees relative to the center line of the roof. This solution ensures the tightness of the joint even under excessive load, but if the adjacent edges of two sheets are stacked with a difference of more than 1 mm, it will not be possible to ensure the tightness of the joint.

The use of silicone and rubber in the design of the connecting profile greatly simplifies the installation of monolithic polycarbonate on a metal frame and at the same time makes it vulnerable. Branded grades of sealants resist solar ultraviolet radiation well and withstand low temperatures. But even in this case, manufacturers recommend treating rubber with silicone oil in an aerosol before assembly and during subsequent maintenance.

Due to the channel structure, honeycomb material turns out to be much more plastic, so the loss of rubber elasticity practically does not affect the strength of the roof laid on a metal frame.

Conclusion

Fastening polycarbonate to a metal frame is not a particular problem, both for experienced roofers and for beginners. When buying molded plastic in quantities sufficient to cover a pergola or carport, construction shops offer a huge selection of all kinds of mounting profile options with detailed instruction from the manufacturer about the nuances of the work, so it’s quite difficult to get lost in the details.

In terms of its performance, the material is optimally suited both as a roofing covering and for the construction of greenhouses, sheds, and light household facilities. It is easily processed, making it attractive to a wide range of home crafters. Installation polycarbonate to metal frame presents no particular difficulty. An elementary set of tools for fixing a polymer sheet can be found in almost any economic man. It is important to know how to fix polycarbonate to a metal frame and how to avoid typical errors in work. When and where is it appropriate to use the material.

Application area

The ability to transmit light is one of the main advantages of polycarbonate. It is often used as an alternative to glass. For this reason, it is widely used in the construction of greenhouses, greenhouses. Partially they make glazing of verandas, arbors. Excellent material is suitable for the construction of canopies and canopies for various purposes.

The power frame can be made with wooden slats, but sometimes the necessary skills are not enough, as well as a specialized tool. A metal profile is sometimes faster and easier to assemble.

Modern Construction Materials are unified as much as possible and professional equipment is not required for their installation. A light metal frame is assembled on self-tapping screws and bolts and original fasteners. If the design is overall, then a more reliable rental is used in the work. In this case, welding is necessary, and for polymer coating it is better to make an additional crate of wood to fix the polymer sheet. Directly screwing self-tapping screws into a thick-walled corner, channel, pipe is not recommended.

Types of fasteners

The range of products on the market for the assembly of polycarbonate structures allows you to perform almost any design. Elements for joining the bleaching parts of plastic blanks, an end profile and fasteners for the polymer itself. The best option is to connect with a thermal washer. The kit includes:

• Sealing gasket. Contacts directly with the surface of the polycarbonate and evenly distributes the pressing force;
• Steel or plastic washer. By increasing the pressure area, it protects the transparent plastic from damage;
• Self-tapping screw for metal. Supplied as a set or purchased separately;
• Lid. It has a dual purpose - decorative and protective.

It is allowed to use roofing screws with an elastic seal and fasteners with a hexagonal head. Original fasteners are preferable, since they are designed for this grade of polycarbonate and have decorative covers in the same colors as the base material. The protective layer is resistant to the sun and moisture.

If you have to buy fasteners separately, then you should remember that you need an elastic gasket and a washer with a diameter twice as large as the screw head.

All elements for fixing sheets are selected from products intended for metal. For thin-walled profile the best option there will be a self-tapping screw with a drill on the end. In this case, it is not necessary to make a mandatory hole in the polycarbonate. The connection is made in one step. The best tool for the job is a screw with a torque limiting mechanism. When the limit value is reached, the safety gear block is activated. A characteristic sound becomes heard, for which the mechanism is sometimes called a "ratchet".

Features of installation of various types of polycarbonate

The material is distinguished by dimensions, thickness and form of release. Each category is offered in several colors. Depending on the manufacturer's standards, plastic is assigned a trade article that reflects the size, color and shape according to the release technology, which can be:

• monolithic;
• Cellular or cellular;
• profiled.

Monolithic polycarbonate is durable, but practically does not bend, so it is perfect for flat, straight surfaces or for glazing. The cellular plastic sheet is elastic and easily fits on the complex shapes of the metal profile. Reinforcement ribs add strength. The material is light and not as expensive as a monolithic counterpart. Profiled polycarbonate resembles ordinary slate. It is quite elastic, but for complex surfaces it is used less frequently than honeycomb. Looks great as roofing.

Mounting order

All types of polymer are pre-drilled unless a self-tapping screw with a drill is used. When assembling a mounting kit, it is reasonable to pay attention to additional elements. The connecting rails are easy to use and represent an H-shaped profile into which plastic is inserted from both sides. The element can be designed for arbitrary connection in any convenient place, or with fixation on a metal frame. Additional details can be made from:

• plastic or polycarbonate. Reiki are often offered in the same color scheme like the base material. Wide range of items. Of the additional products, end rails and a ridge profile can be noted;
• steel, with decorative coating. Strong durable products;
• Aluminum connecting profiles. Lightweight and comfortable products. Popular for being able to concealed installation. First, the power river is fastened. Then polymer blanks are installed, and a decorative cover is put on.

Monolithic sheets are durable, and it is difficult to damage them. Honeycomb transparent plastic, on the contrary, is fragile, and with excessive diligence it can be broken. Such polycarbonate is twisted to slight resistance, avoiding dents at the place of fixation. Do not use excessive force when installing a profiled polymer. There is no fundamental difference in how to fix polycarbonate to a wooden frame or to a metal profile. The difference is only in the appointment of self-tapping screws, which are not interchangeable.

Advantages of metal profile structures

The method is popular for a simple reason - simplicity and speed during installation. Since polycarbonate is attached to a metal base, which is more elegant and thinner than its wooden counterpart, there are more opportunities to make a lightweight, durable structure. The structure is weightless and refined. In addition, in comparison with a wooden load-bearing structure, the following advantages are noted:

• Metal profiles are lighter;
• Quickly easy to cut to the desired size;
• Durable;
• They are not afraid of critical temperatures and climatic influences in the form of direct sunlight and precipitation;
• Additional protection is not required, the product is completely ready for operation after installation.

There is another nuance that is well known to the masters. When screwing a self-tapping screw into a wooden frame, you can easily make a mistake with its orientation. The element may lead away from the perpendicular due to the natural heterogeneity of the wood fiber, or it may initially be misdirected.

A metal profile has a fundamental advantage. It is hollow and when fixed, a hole is formed only on the adjacent side. When pressing the plastic, the self-tapping screw is centered and fixes the sheet without distortions. The load is distributed evenly and the fastener is oriented correctly, even if it is initially given the wrong vector.
On sale there are several types of metal guides for different purposes. They are intended to optimize the assembly process. So a complex structure is much easier to install if you use the following main types of profiles at the same time:

• Straight;
• Angular;
• Arched.

Combining them in different areas, you can make an original power structure of complex shape. On thematic resources on the network, you can see photos of exclusive canopies, visors, gazebos and other structures. A huge field for creativity, not limited by anything except your own fantasies. It will be much more difficult to repeat the same shape of their tree. You will need the appropriate tool and skill of the performer, not to mention the time, which will take many times more.

The transparent structure of polycarbonate makes it relatively neutral. It fits amazingly into any style. Approximately the same can be said about the metal profile.

No matter how close the landscape is, and no matter what technique the facade of the house is decorated with, the design will look harmonious. It is only necessary to choose the right color of plastic. It does not have to be the same tone with the decoration of the house. It is important that the combination pleases the eyes of the hosts and guests. If the installation was carried out in accordance with all the rules, then such a structure will last for more than one year, without losing its external attractiveness.

Video about attaching polycarbonate to a metal profile