Metal swing gates: types of structures. A simple metal gate What is the weight of the old Soviet garage doors

Fencing of the territory of the site should be planned taking into account traffic. This task is excellent swing gates, complemented by a gate for a more comfortable entrance without a car. In most cases, metal structures are installed, as they last much longer than wood.

Peculiarities

Installing a gate or an additional exit is a practical solution, as it is very uncomfortable to open heavy doors every time when moving around the territory.

A purchase or a self-made option involves the calculation of some factors that swing gates must comply with:

Gates are a kind of protection of private territory from penetration. They must be strong, have rigidity and resistance to opening.
The design should not be heavy. The large size increases the load on the bearing support in windy conditions. An unreliable foundation will cause the hinges to break. Also, gravity prevents free passage - it is not easy to move a massive sash every time.
Standard metal swing gates are not aesthetic. Their main priority is protection, but not a decorative component. Decorate and give them unique style possible thanks to the forged elements in tandem with harmonious coloring.

In addition, the gate must comply with international standards. These parameters must be observed for security purposes. The main provisions are described in GOST 31174-2003. The fence must have a supporting structure of adequate size and weight that can withstand changes in weather conditions.

Installation of the gate system implies the presence of preparatory actions. Before installation, you should clear the space for swing gates, as well as pre-build the supporting structures. It is necessary to take into account the terrain, as parts of the gate can cling to hills when moving. Preliminary it is necessary to align the rises and ledges.

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Advantages and disadvantages

Despite the fact that the construction market is full of abundance various materials, metal continues to lead the way in terms of long-term performance, being strong and reliable.

Metal structures have significant advantages:

Easy operation. Strong hinges fix the structures in one position, allowing you to freely open and close the doors.
Easy installation. It is possible to make installation with your own hands, having experience with a welding machine. If you follow the instructions exactly, even a non-professional will quickly complete the installation.
Free choice. A wide range of materials contributes to the creation of a unique design in modern style, the formation of which will not hit the wallet.

Special protection. The polymer coating prevents the development of corrosion under various climatic conditions.
Shield against thieves. Thanks to the locking device inside and the complete absence of fastening, it is almost impossible to open the metal gate.

However, any design, along with advantages, also has disadvantages. Swing metal gates require installation in free space, due to the wide opening radius. In addition, for unhindered plowing, it is required to clear winter snowdrifts every time.

The design has a rather heavy weight, which in the future will affect appearance- distortions and lowering are possible.

But this problem is easily solved by pre-installation of stronger supports made of reinforced concrete or brickwork.

Constructions

Swing gates are divided into two main types: single-leaf and double-leaf. However, in most cases, site owners prefer to combine both types and install a gate. Thanks to space savings, installation takes place mainly in garages. Installation at the entrance as the main exit of the entire fence involves the use of various forged ornaments or the creation individual design sashes.

Metal gates with the installation of a gate nearby - a current choice. Production is made of corrugated board, steel or metal. The last element is the most popular for creating a design, among which are:

Forged gates combine the object of protection and decoration at the same time. Creative forging, which does not have a supporting structure, is used mainly as a decoration of the territory. More expensive, fully wrought gate leaves are reinforced with a powerful foundation of brick pillars.
aluminum gate They are light in weight, so they are widely used in urban areas as a fencing element that does not warp and does not fall due to excessive pressure for a long time. The aluminum is protected by an internal diagonal cable tie that can provide protection for 10 years.
profiled sheet is a kind of construction metal pipes. Modern design and the ability of the metal profile to be made by hand helped to gain great popularity for this type of gate.

The gate can be coated with any paint, which will serve as additional protection against temperature changes. Properly selected color will bring variety to the street interior.

Experts recommend using insulated metal structures. Swing gates are not difficult to operate. They consist of two metal plates, between which a heat-insulating material is installed. As this element, a simple foam is used, mineral wool, as well as basalt insulation. When buying, you should choose a heat insulator that does not burn.

Thus, the gate will become resistant to fire.

Dimensions

During the installation and further operation of metal gates, their size is of great importance. The value also has a significant impact on the weight of the structure, which is why there is a need for additional reinforcements.

In most cases, the height of swing gates does not exceed 3 m in a private area, and for production facilities, doors are used that are twice the classic parameters. Due to the increase in size, the weight of the valves increases proportionally.

To install massive elements, the following conditions are necessary:

Each width calculation is made individually.
Before installation, you must take into account the availability of free space.
Accounting for the entry of a certain type of transport is also important. To do this, measure the parameters of the car in width, and then add the margin in order to calculate the free passage. Size cars does not exceed 2 m, which allows you to take a spare distance of half a meter on each side, so the installation will require a width of 3 m.

Installation of metal shutters large sizes inappropriate unless absolutely necessary. A large area creates an additional load on the support with a powerful wind pressure, which requires strengthening of the supporting structure both to eliminate windage and to take into account heavy weight.

Weight metal structure depends not only on its size, but also on the material in the manufacture.

The calculation takes place according to the following algorithm:

The framework consists mainly of profile pipes. Each unit measures 35 x 15 mm with a wall width of 2 mm. A meter-long profile pipe has a weight of 2 kg. Provided that the height and width of the metal wings are 3 meters each, the total perimeter of both will be 12 m. Each leaf will require an amplifier in the face of 1.5 m cross beams. It follows that installation will require profile pipe 15 m long with a total weight of 30 kg.
The cladding consists of a metal plate about 2 mm thick, which means that its weight will vary within 75 kg.

Thus, the weight of metal gates is approximately equal to 100-105 kg. decorative elements, locking devices are able to burden the structure up to 25 kg.

When buying a wide gate, it is necessary to install an upper tie in order to create additional support.

Many metal gates do not require special care, since the manufacturer pre-applications polymer coating protecting the structure in case of changing climatic conditions. The only part that requires periodic maintenance are the hinges. They need to be lubricated.

Problem areas are often forged decorative fences. The application of anti-corrosion paint is difficult due to the crimped elements. However, the problem is easily solved thanks to the aerosol application methods.

From time to time, forged structures require cleaning and additional painting. Dust and dirt are well washed off thanks to a jet of water from a garden hose.

For coloring faded openwork decorative elements soldered to metal frame, the latter should be covered with thick paper.

Project examples

Looking at a few practical examples, you can make sure that all projects are implemented within two main groups:

Swing gates are the dominant part of the entire area fencing. At the same time, additional decorations are used in the form of decorative forged elements and massive load-bearing structures.

The second option involves the secret design of metal gates. In such conditions, they practically do not differ from the entire fence of the site. It is more popular as it does not detract from the garden landscape or outdoor area.

A classic example of a successful project would be a tall stone fence that fulfills its original function of protecting against intruders. In the middle of the massive walls, a forged metal gate structure, equipped with alarms and automation, winds. The most common cladding for a graceful entrance is brickwork pillars.

The manufacture of metal gates sometimes turns into a work of art where there are various forged elements, decorative details, expensive handles and locks. However, there are often cases when a simple metal gate is required, for the manufacture of which simple metal hot-rolled profiles are used. These can serve as an entrance to a barn, garage, transformer substation, to any territory enclosed by a fence. There are many firms and companies manufacturing metal structures, including metal gates, but you need to pay money for this, which can be saved significantly by making a simple metal gate with your own hands.

Gate elements and metal profiles

The main elements or, as you can say, the nodes of the gate are:

First of all, in order to start manufacturing any metal structure, you need to have a drawing for it or, in extreme cases, a sketch, which will indicate the main dimensions of the product, as well as the material from which it will be made. We will proceed from the traditional dimensions for most of the passages where the gates are installed and which are equal to 2000 x 800 mm. It should be noted right away that all dimensions in the drawings for the manufacture of metal structures are indicated in millimeters.

Making a frame for a metal gate

For the manufacture of a frame for a gate, ∟ 63 x 63 x 6 or ∟ 70 x 70 x 7 may well be suitable. It is quite possible to replace the corners with a channel N 8 - 10, but it will look rough and more expensive.

Marking of metal profiles, sheet iron, how to calculate the weight of metal structures by reading mine.

We will proceed from the fact that we have a corner of 63 x 63 x 6. The length of the corner, in our case, is the height of the frame, should be calculated from the fact that the frame will be concreted into the ground to a depth of 500 mm. So, to 2000 mm, you need to add 500 mm and the width of the abutting corner shelf, and as a result, we have the size of the vertical corner equal to 2000 + 500 + 63 = 2563 mm.

The transverse corner, which determines the width of the frame opening, is calculated as follows: the width of the opening plus the gaps for the size of the gate, that is, 800 + 10, and plus the width of the vertical corner to be joined, which in total is 800 + 10 + 63 = 873 mm. 10 mm is this gap, which is divided in half by 5 mm on each side of the opening. If this gap is not taken into account, the gate will simply be clamped in the frame and will not open. This point is also important because it is almost impossible to perfectly match the corners of the frame at 90º. Size 10 can be further increased, but this already depends on the qualifications of the fitter, that is, on you.

You can join the corners by cutting the shelves at 45º, but it is very difficult to do it exactly, taking into account the thickness of the shelves, which also need to be cut at the same angle. Therefore, in practice, in one of the corners, which is shorter, a cut is made, that is, one shelf is cut to a size of 63 mm (in our case), and the other perpendicular to it, as it were from below, is cut to the size of the thickness of the shelf, that is, 6 mm . In this case, the joining of the corners is more accurate and it is easier to maintain a right angle. Die-cutting in workshop conditions is done on specially die-cutting equipment, but at home this operation can be done with an ordinary hacksaw for metal, holding the corner in a vise. It is quite clear that cuttings need to be done from both ends of the corner.

Sketch for making a gate frame

If you will embed the frame in a brick opening, it is necessary to weld the anchors of their reinforced round timber Ǿ 6 - 8 mm to the vertical and horizontal corners of the anchors. At what distance they need to be welded depends on the size of the brick and the method of laying. In the event that the frame is installed in a wooden opening, do not forget to pre-drill holes for.

Well, and finally, when concreting the frame, it is necessary to weld “pyataks” at the bottom so that the structure is securely fixed in concrete. Nickels are made of sheet steel δ 8 - 10 mm.

Very important

After you have assembled the frame and before welding the joints, you must definitely make the frame strapping. What it is? At a distance slightly exceeding the size of 2000 mm, weld (not weld) any long-sized metal profile (strip, corner, round timber) so as to keep the width of the opening in this place the same as in the upper part. This is done so that when welding and concreting the frame, the size does not “leave” to the side. Then, when the concrete hardens, the strapping profile is easily knocked down with a hammer.

Tack points, as well as welding seams, need to be cleaned with a circular grinder, or, more simply, with a grinding wheel. All operations for the manufacture of the metal structure of the frame must be carried out on a flat surface and, preferably, with a partner.

The description for the manufacture of a frame for a metal gate is accompanied by fig. 1 - 1 and fig. 1 - 2, drawings with detailing of the frame elements.

Frame for filling the gate

So that the word “filling” does not confuse you, I hasten to explain: the filling can be made of round timber, strip, reinforced rods, a square, a combination of the above profiles. In our case, the filling will be sheet metal, but more on that later.

Frame for a metal gate Fig. 2 - 1

If you have mastered the frame manufacturing process, then it will not be difficult for you to assemble and weld the frame of the gate itself. The size of the frame should be, as already mentioned above, 2000 x 800 mm. It follows that we need to make a metal structure in the likeness of a frame using the same techniques, but from other metal profiles.

For a frame of this size, a corner of 40 x 40 x 4 is quite suitable, dimensions of a smaller length will have cut-outs, and longitudinal parts should be prepared without cutting-out. The question may arise: why are cuttings made in transverse corners? The answer is simple: if they are shorter, then it is easier and easier to work with them. Unlike the frame, the transverse corners will need to be prepared in the amount of three pieces: one at the top, one in the middle (for rigidity) and one at the bottom. The dimensions of the corners, that is, their length, differ from the definition of the dimensions of the corners of the frame: high-rise parts are strictly 2000 mm, and transverse 800 mm plus 4 mm per cutout = 804 mm. But the main thing is to dimensions the frame was 2000 x 800 mm, otherwise it would not corny fit into the frame. The frame is shown in fig. 2-1.

Filling the frame of a metal gate

Since in the proposed version we agreed to use sheet metal as a filler, the following details must be taken into account. The thickness of the sheet should be from 1.5 to 2 mm, but no more and no less. If the sheet is thinner, the gate itself will turn out to be very flimsy and unreliable. When using a thicker sheet, for example, 3 mm, the weight of the gate will increase, which will adversely affect the operation of the hinges, which can simply jam.

Filling the frame of a metal gate with a sheet

The dimensions of the sheet should not exceed the dimensions of the corners of the gate, and even better if the dimensions of the sheet are smaller, for example, 1980 x 790 mm. In this case, the edges of the sheet are guaranteed not to go beyond the dimensions of the gate and, in addition, it (the sheet) will be more convenient to weld to the corners. By the way, you need to weld, observing a certain step between the welding seams, which should be no more than 10 - 15 mm long. Otherwise, from heating, the entire structure of the gate will “lead”, that is, it will have a slightly helical appearance and it is not necessary to say that it will be comfortable in the frame. See fig. 2-2.

Installing the handle and hinges on a metal gate

If you do not plan to cut the lock into the gate, you can use an ordinary U-shaped bracket bent from ordinary round timber Ǿ12 - 16 mm as a handle. When installing the lock, you must first weld the hinges, which can be purchased at any clothing market. No need to choose loops that are too large in diameter, say 20mm. Quite for our gate, which has a small weight, products Ǿ 16 and even 12 mm are suitable.

When welding the hinges, you need to leave gaps between them and the frame with the gate, otherwise it (the gate) will not open. To do this, the loops are set on ordinary matches, which simply burn out during welding, leaving the desired gap. All this is done on the ground when the gate is inserted into the frame and set up taking into account the gaps on both sides and on top. Now back to the castle. You can, of course, weld it in or bolt it in the supine position, but it turns out more precisely when the frame is concreted. Since in this case the lock will be easier to expose so that the valve fits more accurately into the corresponding hole in the frame.

The weight of the metal gate assembly

To determine the weight of the gate assembled with the frame and the sheet, you need to determine the weight of each element. To do this, you need to use reference books from the Internet, which indicate the specific gravity for sheet steel and the weight of 1 m / n for long products.

frame weight

To determine the weight of the frame, we round off the total molding of the corner 63 x 6, which will be equal to: 2000 x 2 + 800 mm \u003d 4800 mm or 4.8 m. If in the drawings we dealt with mm, then when calculating the weight it is necessary to use meters. Those are guides. So, we find in the reference book the weight of 1 m / p ∟ 63 x 63 x 6, which is equal to 5.72 kg. We multiply 5.72 kg by 4.8 m and get a weight equal to 27.5 kg ≈ 28 kg.

Wicket frame weight with leaf

The total length of the corner that was used to make the frame is 2000 x 2 + 800 x 3 \u003d 6400 mm or 6.4 m. The weight of 1 p / m of the corner 40 x 4 is 2.42 kg. The result is: 2.42 kg x 6.4 m = 15.5 kg ≈ 16 kg.

To calculate the weight of the sheet, it is assumed that 1 m² of a sheet 1 mm thick weighs 7.85 kg. So we need to calculate how many m² of a sheet of 2 mm it took to fill the frame. We multiply 2000 mm by 800 and get 1600,000 mm² or 1.6 m². The weight of the sheet will be 7.85 kg x 1.6 m² x 2 = 24.2 kg ≈ 24 kg.

Now we summarize everything and get the weight of the metal gate assembly: 28 kg + 16 kg + 24 kg = 68 kg. If we add here the weight of nickels, hinges, lock and handle, then the approximate weight will be 70 kg.

Very important

Welding work must be carried out in a dry room and on a dry floor. Look at welding only through protective glass. Wear welding gloves!

On average, the weight of a 3x6 metal garage varies between 3-4.5 tons. You may need information about how much a garage weighs only in 2 cases:

You have not yet chosen which metal garage you are going to buy.

In this case, the weight of the metal garage will affect the cost of delivery and the load that the concrete base. If you purchase a garage box from a specific manufacturer, then all the necessary information can be found in the delivery note.

You have decided to move your old metal garage to a new “place of residence”.

In this case, know exact weight a 3x6 metal garage is quite difficult, as many cook it on their own. It uses various options materials - ranging from a variety of configurations of corners and ending with a metal thickness that changes around the entire perimeter.

If you are faced with the 2nd situation, then according to our method, you will quickly calculate the approximate weight and be able to choose the right manipulator.

Estimated calculation of how much a metal garage weighs 6 by 3 meters

Initial data: length 6 meters, width 3 meters and height 2 meters. The basis of the design is an all-welded type of garage, in which a layer of sheet steel with a thickness of 4 mm (the most common option) acts as a skin. These are the minimum standard garage dimensions for any modification of a passenger car.

Important: How much an iron garage weighs will mainly depend on the thickness of the sheeting and the total surface area. The basis of the design for passenger cars weighs at least 2 tons. The roofing itself will come out in 1-1.5 tones. The rest of the weight comes from the shelving and shelves that are installed inside.

In short, for the calculation, do the following: Calculate the volume garage box, multiplying the length, thickness and height by axial dimensions. Then, knowing the values of the volume of the roof and wall, you multiply the resulting figures by specific gravity sheet metal. As a result, we get a weight that will differ by 5-10 kg from the real one.

A direct example of calculating the weight of a metal garage

We count all the elements one by one:

Side walls area: 2*6*2 pieces = 24 sq.m.
Area 2 pitched roof taking into account a small overhang of the visors: 2 * 1.9 * 6.2 * 2 sides = 47 sq.m.
We consider the area of the rear and end walls together with the gate: 3 * 2 * 2 pieces \u003d 12 sq.m.
The approximate value of the area of 2 triangular gables is 4-4.5 sq.m.
If there is a metal floor, we also consider its area: 3 * 6 = 18 sq.m.
We add up all the obtained values: 24+47+12+4+18 = 105 sq.m.

Since in the initial data we have the thickness of the walls at the iron garage within 4 mm, then according to GOST we find the specific gravity of 1 sq.m. canvases. It is equal to 31.4 kg. It remains only to multiply the resulting mass of 1 sq.m. steel sheet to the total area. We get 105 sq.m * 31.4kg = 3297kg. As a result of calculations, we got how much an iron garage 3mx6m weighs without taking into account the weight of the gate frame and the structure itself - only the weight of the sheathing. The frame together with the gate will weigh another 800 kg - 1 ton. As a result, the total mass will be 4-4.3 tons.

Below are the average weights of the most popular sizes of metal garages:

Garage 4x6 m - weight 4.5-4.8 tons;
Garage 3x5 m - weight 3.8-4 tons;
Garage 4x5 m - weight 4.1-4.2 tons.

We hope that the calculation method is clear and does not require additional comments. In the end, I would like to demonstrate a video of a real assembly of a metal garage from scratch to full commissioning.

An iron garage is an inexpensive and fairly reliable shelter for a car. It will solve many pressing problems: it will hide the car from bad weather or the hot sun, accidental damage and prying eyes, it can carry out simple auto repairs, diagnostics or other preventive work.

Usually, few people think about the mass of a building, but sometimes a situation arises when a car owner needs to know the weight of a metal garage, so in the article we will talk about the types of metal garages and give calculations for buildings made of different facing materials.

Types of metal garages

Garages with a steel frame (see) are considered metal, although they can be sheathed in various materials.

They are divided into two types:

All-welded structures are mounted from sheet steel and all elements are connected by welding. Such a garage cannot be dismantled and can only be transported assembled. can be installed anywhere, it is particularly resistant to penetration and durable connections.
have a bolted or anchored connection of parts, the structure can be disassembled and transported in a compact form. This type is recommended to be placed on the territory personal plot or in the country, not far from home, so that there is supervision, since it has poor protection against hacking.

Important! In turn, collapsible structures can have different skins, and this also determines how much the iron garage weighs.

The following materials are used for lining the walls of the structure:

Sheet steel.
Professional sheet.
Sandwich panels (see).
OSB boards.
Metal profile.

All these materials have different weight, therefore, when determining the mass of the garage as a whole, this must be taken into account.

How to calculate the weight of the garage

Data on the weight of the transported structure may be needed in the following cases:

When buying a garage and delivering it to permanent place. If the building was purchased from the manufacturer, then the seller provides data on the mass of the order, but when the garage is bought "from hand", in this case the buyer often calculates the weight.
When transporting a garage to a new location (relocation of the owner, sale, garage for demolition, etc.). If the structure is erected by hand, then the owner may not know its true weight.

For the sample, we calculate the weight of a metal garage 3 x 6 x 2 m2 (width x length x height) of an all-welded type, in which the sheathing is Sheet steel 4 mm thick. This is the minimum standard size, which will fit almost any passenger car, well, except for minibuses.

So:

We calculate the area of \u200b\u200ball surfaces of the garage:

Side walls: 2m x 6m x 2pcs = 24 m2.
Gable roof including canopies: 2m x 1.9m x 6.2m x 2pcs = 47 m2.
Rear, end wall and gate: 3m x 2m x 2pcs = 12 m2.
Two triangular pediments, the approximate area of which is 4 m2.
Floor (if any): 3m x 6m = 18 m2.

Adds up all the results: 24 + 47 + 12 + 4 + 18 = 105 m2.

For walls, we used sheet steel 4 mm thick, according to the table in accordance with GOST, 1m2 of such steel weighs 31.4 kg. We multiply the mass by the area: 105m2 x 31.4kg = 3297 kg.
We got the weight of the sheet metal used for the sheathing of the garage. But that is not all! Now you need to add here the mass of the gate frame and the garage itself, usually it is made from a large equal-angle corner.

We will not do thorough calculations now, here accuracy is not particularly needed. Let's take an approximate average value, according to some sources it is 1000 kg.

Important! If we add up all the obtained values, we will see that the weight of a metal garage, all-welded, with sheet metal cladding 4 mm thick, is 4297 kg.

Weight table of other materials

As mentioned above, garage sheathing can be not only from sheet metal. To correctly calculate the mass of the garage, you need to know their weight. In the table below, we will indicate these parameters for some of the materials most commonly found in garage decoration.

The weight of sandwich panels depends on the thickness of the insulation, and the metal profile and corrugated board - on the thickness of the metal. If you doubt the correctly defined parameters of the skin, then for safety net it is recommended to take the maximum value.

Important! The choice of car and the safety of transportation of the structure depend on how correctly the mass of the garage is derived.

Conclusion

We calculated how much a metal garage weighs 3 x 6 m, if the dimensions of the garage are different, then you can derive the mass of the building using the same system, replacing some of the data.

Usually weight iron garages varies from 3 to 7 tons, but if the first structure can be transported on a “thief”, then for the second one you will have to order heavy equipment and a truck crane. In addition, the instruction for the transportation of oversized cargo requires obtaining permits for the transportation of the garage, as well as escorting the cargo to its destination. All this is quite troublesome and costly, so it is better to immediately determine the mass of the structure as accurately as possible.

It must be said that after dismantling, collapsible structures are assembled into compact packs that can be taken out on an onboard gazelle. After looking at the thematic photos and videos in this article, you yourself will be able to cope with this task and accurately determine the weight of your garage.