What are lags made of. The size of the lag for the floor - recommendations for arranging a wooden floor. How to choose quality material

Today, there are many ways to install flooring in a house or apartment, but the long-known and proven method of laying it on logs is most often used - bars of various shapes and sizes installed under the finished floor. The secret of such enduring popularity lies in the numerous advantages that this floor structure has:

good thermal insulation;
high soundproofing characteristics;
uniform load distribution over the entire surface;
the ability to hide various communications in the space under the floor;
ease of assembly (installation, if you have certain skills, you can do it yourself).

An important argument for the use this method is its relatively low cost.

Characteristics and technical features of the lag

Lags are called beams, on which the flooring of the finishing floor boards is carried out. They are laid perpendicular to the direction of the floorboards. Legs can be made from polymer materials, metal or reinforced concrete, however, it is most often used wooden blocks. The reason for this widespread use of lumber is not only their affordable price. Wooden structure it is easier to mount with your own hands or disassemble if an urgent replacement of one or more elements is required.

For the arrangement of flooring is mainly used wooden bars. It is possible to reduce the cost of work if hewn logs are laid instead of beams, the price of which is somewhat lower. But this option has one drawback: the logs must be aged for at least a year in a well-ventilated area with low humidity.

Important! In order for the structure to be as stable as possible, the logs must be made from a single log without any joints.

Installation of the floor on logs can be performed both in a private house and in an apartment, as there is a technology for laying on the ground, on reinforced concrete and on massive wooden floor beams.

Material calculation

To calculate the number of boards needed for the floor, it is enough to know the area of \u200b\u200bthe rooms in the house or apartment. It is much more difficult to correctly calculate the dimensions of the lag and the required number of them. When making calculations, experts recommend taking into account the following: the type of finishing material (boards, plywood), its thickness, the base to which the logs will be attached (to the ground or concrete or wood).

So, if plywood is used for laying the finished floor, the distance between the bars should be minimal. Under boards with a thickness of 20 mm, logs are recommended to be placed in increments of no more than 30 cm, with a board thickness of 24 mm - no more than 40 cm, and so on. If the thickness of the board is 50 mm, the distance between the bars can reach 1 meter.

The dimensions of the cross-section of the bars largely depend on the type of base. When performing work in a house on an earthen base, the distance between the posts or supports is taken into account. Accordingly, the larger it is, the thicker the lags should be.

For your information! When performing work on flooring in an apartment where the basis is mainly iron concrete base, the dimensions of the section are chosen depending on the thickness of the insulation and the height of the ceilings.

For those who decide to do the flooring with their own hands, but do not have the experience of calculations, it is worth asking for help from specialists. They will help to correctly calculate the number and dimensions of the minimum lag section.

Installation of the floor on the logs on a concrete base

This type of work is considered the simplest, so many do it with their own hands. There are two ways by which you can align all the bars on the same level. In the first case, it is necessary to check the base, and, if necessary, eliminate the differences with the help of an additional screed. Faster installation can be achieved by adjusting the height of the beams with wooden or plywood wedges.

Work is carried out in the following sequence:

waterproofing (roofing felt, glassine, polyethylene) should be laid and leveled on the concrete surface;
in the apartment it is recommended to additionally lay soundproofing material;
on the surface prepared in this way, a log is laid, while the distance between adjacent bars depends on the material of the finishing floor (boards, plywood);
the bars should be leveled in height with wedges and fixed;
between them it is necessary to lay thermal insulation, which is covered with waterproofing material;
The final step is the flooring of the wooden floor.

Despite the relative simplicity, you should not try to lay the floors in the apartment with your own hands without some experience. It is better to invite professionals to do this work.

You can see all the installation steps in the following video:

Wooden floors on logs on the ground

The flooring device on the logs on the ground is used in private homes. This is the least expensive design, but it is not easy to install it yourself.

First, preliminary work is carried out in the house: they remove upper layer soil along with plant roots and debris in it. The remaining soil is recommended to be leveled.

The fastening of the bars in this case is carried out to small posts. You can build them like this:

First, they dig indentations, the dimensions of which are at least 40x40, and the depth is 50 cm l (more on this in the following video:
The solution is poured so that the foundation protrudes 5 cm above the soil surface;
A roofing material must be laid on top of the foundation, and then a brick column is laid out, the size and height of which depends on the width of the bars.

After the laying of the bars is completed, the horizontal should be checked. Deflections can be leveled with wedges, and the excess can be removed with a planer.

In the case when the floors on the logs are raised above the ground in the house, there is the possibility of additional insulation. To do this, bars are nailed to the lags for laying the subfloor. On top of it, it is necessary to lay and level the insulation, leaving at least 5 cm of free space until the final coating. In order for the replacement of the floors on the logs to be needed as late as possible, the ventilation of the subfloor should be done correctly. Completes the installation of flooring boards.

Wooden floors on logs installed on floor beams

Those who plan to carry out the installation of flooring in the house on wooden beams overlapping with your own hands, one important point should be taken into account: you can use them as a lag if the step length does not exceed 30-35 cm, as in this video:

If the beams are laid less often, the finishing coating is performed on the logs installed on top. At the same time, they are laid perpendicular to the beams, and fastening is carried out with self-tapping screws.

After finishing work, it is necessary to check the level of the entire base and, if necessary, level it with wedges and a planer. Completes all laying of the final coating.

Finished flooring

Regardless of which technology was used in the process of work, the final stage of the installation of a wooden floor along the logs is the finishing flooring. Mostly boards or plywood are used for this.

There are a few tips to help you get it right flooring. Start work from the far corner of the room. Boards or plywood are laid in such a way that a compensation gap of at least 1 cm remains between the wall and the coating. When laying each subsequent row, the material is shifted so that 4 seams do not converge at one point.

Plywood and boards are cut so that the seam falls in the middle of the base beam. Fastening must be carried out to all bars without gaps. In boards and plywood sheets, it is necessary to pre-drill holes for fasteners, so you can avoid splitting them. Holes for pipes should be made with a small allowance (8-10 mm). After the installation is completed, a plinth is installed around the perimeter of the room.

Finishing the finished floor is to eliminate differences and roughness. Plywood and boards are sanded with coarse sandpaper and polished with a fine-grained abrasive.

Quite often, plywood is used in cases where it is necessary to replace or level the old floor covering. See the next video for how to do this.

The arrangement of the floor on the logs requires certain skills and experience. Their absence when doing do-it-yourself work can prevent you from installing the floor covering correctly and efficiently. If you are not confident in your abilities, contact professional builders. The wooden floor, laid in compliance with all requirements, has an excellent appearance and has a long service life.

The lags are longitudinal beams on which the floor covering is laid. Logs are made from bars. They can be made of wood, polymer, metal or reinforced concrete. In most cases, wooden logs are installed, since this material has a low cost and is constructive in case of laying a wooden floor. You should be aware that the process of installing a floor on logs made of other materials is no different.

Using a log for the floor will increase its sound insulation, will contribute to the distribution of the load, and ensure the strength of the structure.

Benefits of using lag:

increase in the level of sound insulation;
correct distribution of the load on the lower layers;
the presence of a ventilated underground, in which it is possible to install various communications;
good level of thermal insulation of the floor base;
creating an even base for flooring floor boards;
ensuring structural strength and resistance to various loads;
if necessary, any of the elements of the floor can be easily replaced.

Disadvantages of using lag:

in the case of a lag device on the floor, the room will lose height;
to install the lag, you will need to carefully mark and align these devices to one level, which is quite difficult to do.

How to choose the material for the manufacture of log?

Figure 1. Step lag for boards of various thicknesses.

Logs can be made from an array of budget tree species: spruce, pine, fir. In some cases, larch is used, but it costs more. Suitable wood 2 and 3 grades. The humidity level should be approximately 19-20%.

The beam must be taken with a rectangular section. The height of the rails should be 2 times the width. Logs with a similar section are able to cope with heavy loads perfectly.

The size of the lag must be selected based on the span, that is, the distance between the bars of the lower trim. The thickness of the insulation material used must also be taken into account.

In the process of purchasing boards, it is necessary to inspect the material for defects. If there is a marriage on the boards, then they need to be postponed. The material is recommended to be purchased with a margin of 15%.

To protect the wood from beetles, fungus and mold, the entire structure will need to be treated with an antiseptic. The lags from the bottom side will need to be processed several times, making a gap of 4-5 hours. The following can be used as protective agents against mold: sodium fluoride, VVK-3 and others. These agents dissolve in water and can be applied with a brush.

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What distance should be between the floor beams?

The distance between the beams will depend on the thickness of the floor covering. If it is planned to use thick boards for coating, then the logs may not be installed too often. If there is a coating of small thickness, then the logs should be placed frequently. On fig. 1 you can see the lag step depending on the thickness of the boards used.

It is not necessary to make accurate calculations, it will be enough to take the distance between the beams by a value that depends on the thickness of the floor covering and the width of the structure. If at the end of the lag installation the distance between the bars turned out to be inaccurate, then you can make the step between the last structures smaller. In this case, the structure will have good strength.

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How to install floor joists?

Elements that will be needed to install and secure the lag:

Control rail.
Screws.
Bars.
Electric drill.
Drill.
Substrates from a thickness of 2-3 cm.
Cement.
Sand.
Water.
Polyethylene film.
Log.
Boards.
Ruberoid.
Cord.
Pegs.
Self-tapping screws.
Dowels.
Brick brand not lower than M100.
Brush.
Plane.

Logs can be installed both on an earthen base and on the floors of houses.

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How to fix logs on wooden floors?

The horizontalness of the lag can be checked with a control rail; linings do not need to be used. The lags are fixed with screws with a diameter of 6 mm. The length of these fasteners should be 2.5 times the width of the lag.

If the beams are placed far apart, then you will need to make double logs. First of all, the first layer of the log is installed on the beams, after which another one is mounted on top, but with a smaller distance.

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How to install logs on a concrete base?

There are 2 methods for installing a log on a concrete surface. The first method involves lining of various thicknesses between the beams and the concrete base. They are used in order to be able to level the level. This method is used quite often, but you should know that it is not recommended to use it. After a while, the pads may begin to shrink, change shape, or fly out. As a result, the floor may begin to creak or sag.

The second method is to pour cement screed to level the subfloor. Logs are installed on the manufactured screed. In this case, the floor base will not deform, and the screed will be able to provide reliable support along the entire length.

Before installing the lag on a concrete base, you will need to perform some steps:

First of all, it is necessary to waterproof the base, since the concrete solution is able to absorb moisture. In this case, it is recommended to use a 20 cm polyethylene film.
You will need to lay a layer of soundproofing. Soundproofing pads are used to reduce impact noise. Devices need to be laid under the logs. In this case, it is best to use cork or polyethylene substrates 2-3 cm thick.
A cement or dry screed is performed.

After these works, it will be possible to install lags. It is recommended to use bars with a length of more than 2 m during operation. If the length is not enough, then the rails can be joined together by the end parts. If you plan to connect the logs, then the joints of nearby rows will need to be placed not at the same level, but with an offset of 0.5-1 m.

It is not allowed to install logs on soft insulation material, as such a design will be unstable. Insulation material must be installed in sheets between the lags. If gaps or cells remain, then they will need to be filled with scraps of insulating material.

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How to lay logs on the ground?

First of all, you need to level and compact the base of the soil. This work can be done manually, for which a large log should be used. A board is nailed to the bottom of the log. To ram the base, you need to move the manufactured device along it. The board must have a thickness of 5 cm or more.

Next, it will be necessary to perform measurements and markup for the supporting pillars under the beams. If it is planned to use the bars of the lower trim as supporting elements for the log, then the marks will need to be put directly on the bars with a simple pencil. If a grillage is used, which is covered with roofing material, then marks should be placed on the roofing material.

The distance from the initial log to the wall should be approximately 15-20 cm. In some cases, the distance may be less.

For supporting pillars, you will definitely need to make a foundation. You can make a separate base for each pole or a joint base for a number of poles. The minimum dimensions of the base for one column are 40x40 cm, the height of the structure is at least 20 cm.

The pouring of the foundation under the columns is carried out as follows:

From the axis, which was marked on the beams, it is necessary to set aside 20 cm in two directions.
A cord is pulled between the marks.
The same actions are done in a plane perpendicular to the lags. This is necessary in order to mark the corners of the posts, which are located at the intersection of the cords.
Pegs are installed in the corners. At this stage, the cords can be removed. If a base is made for a row of posts, then only the extreme parts of the row need to be marked with cords.
In the intended place, you need to remove a layer of soil. The base will need to be tamped, then fill in a little rubble and tamp again.
In the protruding part of the base, you need to make a formwork 10 cm high.
To waterproof the concrete base, you will need to lay a film of polyethylene. If the site has clay soil, then waterproofing is not necessary.
The structure is reinforced with a mesh of rods with a diameter of 8 mm. It is installed slightly below the middle part of the concrete layer.
Concrete is being poured. In most cases, “lean concrete” is used, in which there is a fairly large amount of aggregate. However, it is recommended to use the concrete mixture that was used to build the foundation of the entire private house.
The design should dry for 2-3 days.

After the concrete mixture has dried, it will be necessary to make waterproofing. To do this, cut the material to the size of the column. The material is laid on concrete. It is not necessary to coat the structure with bitumen.

At the next stage, bricks are laid in 2 layers. Last layer should be perpendicular to the length of the lag. In the process of laying, a solution of cement and sand should be used. The brick must be of a grade not lower than M100.

Further along the brick is laid waterproofing material. To do this, you need to cut the roofing material to the size of a brick pillar, and then lay it on top of the structure. Next, a soundproofing gasket is installed. It is recommended to additionally fix it so that it does not move out.

The floor base on the logs must be even, therefore it is important to check the horizontalness of the log.

To do this, you must first lay the "lighthouse" logs. If a log with irregularities was installed, then the excess can be removed with a planer, and linings can be installed under the deflections. The maximum deviation is 1 mm per 1 m.

Next, all intermediate beams are installed. Logs are fixed corners to the pillars. In this case, it is best to use self-tapping screws, which should go into the beam by 4-5 cm. The other part of the corner is fixed to the support post with dowels.

If it is planned to place various communications between the beams, then you should know some rules:

The wiring is laid in a metal pipe or plastic corrugation to increase the fire safety of the floor structure.
Sections of pipes that pass between the lags must be wrapped with insulating material.

Installing logs with your own hands is quite simple if you have all the tools and materials necessary for the job.

W knowledge on how to make a wooden floor along the logs is very helpful information, which sooner or later will definitely come in handy for you, or is already necessary. Laying a wooden floor with your own hands will provide significant savings, whether you are thinking of a new construction or overhaul. If there is no desire or time to do the work yourself, you will be able to effectively control the work.

The main elements of a wooden floor by logs

Consider the main elements of wooden floors laid on logs. This system is used both in the construction of bases with subsequent finishing coating, and in finishing floors.

The main elements of wooden floors by logs:

Brick columns (arranged when the floor along the logs is done on the ground)
Logs. Representing flat wooden bars of rectangular section;
Coating. Boards, or artificial sheet materials(OSB, chipboard, plywood).
Plinth or fillet - elements of the junction of the floor covering and the wall of the room.

For rough floors, unplaned (often not edged) boards, pressed boards from wood waste are used. Finishing floors are made of high-quality, well-dried, often milled boards with a figured edge for tongue-and-groove joints, a longitudinal groove for ventilation. Often, such boards are pre-treated with protective and decorative compounds.

Basic requirements for the correct installation of a wooden floor along the logs

Laying a wooden floor on logs with your own hands requires strict adherence to the following basic requirements:

Logs are installed strictly horizontally (except in rare cases when the slope is provided for by the project)
Legs must be stable.
The moisture content of the wood used should not exceed 12%.
Underfloor ventilation must be provided.

If a do-it-yourself wooden floor is arranged on the first floors of rooms where the base is soil, the logs are usually laid on brick columns measuring 250x250 in plan, made of ceramic (necessarily!) bricks on cement mortar.

Wood moisture determination

Moisture content of wood the most important factor when arranging the floor along the lags. If the wood is damp, not dry enough, then the logs and the boards themselves will soon dry out and may change shape, which will ruin the entire floor.

Before laying, you need to build a small foundation under the posts.

We dig square holes, 30 * 30 cm wide, 30-40 cm deep, level the walls of the holes and compact the base with rubble. To do this, on the "patch" where they will stand, we scatter crushed stone with a layer of approximately 1.5-2 sizes of the largest pieces. Rammer "drive" crushed stone into the ground.

We make formwork from boards so that our foundation protrudes about 10 cm above ground level. We let it dry for at least a week, we lay the roofing felt waterproofing on top of the foundation. We start laying bricks.

The foundation formwork for our posts must be set in the same plane, for this we use a laser plane builder, or → (the link tells what a hydraulic level is and how to use it), so that all the posts are on the same level. If for the first time you will have deviations of about 1 cm - this is not scary, the main thing is to set the posts to the level. You can adjust the level with the help of masonry mortar, making its layer smaller or larger when laying brick columns.

Do-it-yourself lag installation

For lags laid on columns (pedestals) we use a beam of 50x100 mm. At the same time, we leave the distances between the centers of the columns (pedestals) per meter or so. With an increase in the distance between the columns, we also increase the cross section of the lag.

Performing a wooden floor along the logs with your own hands on concrete floor slabs, we lay the logs directly on the concrete. For logs laid on a solid base, you can use a beam of a much smaller section, because they will not experience a bending load. In fact, the logs in this case are needed for accurate alignment and for nailing the boards. The size of the bars 40x50 or 50x50 will be enough.

For many years, in the construction of houses, wooden logs have been used as a supporting structure for flooring.

They hold the flooring well and allow for additional insulation, which makes any finish warm and makes it possible to walk on the floor with bare feet.

They also install the floor on the logs in the apartment during repairs (if the ceiling height allows) on top of the cement screed or the old coating.

The use of logs in the apartment and mounting options

Logs and flooring are mounted quickly enough

Despite the commitment of many builders to leveling cement mixtures and using them for apartments, individual specialists continue to level the floor by installing logs on the concrete floor.

Supporting and leveling flooring made of wooden lag It is quickly mounted, allows you to install and fix various communications under the main finish coating and install a heater.

Between lags you can carry out:

electrical wiring;
water pipes;
pipes of the heating system;
television cable;
fiber optic and cable interchange for the Internet;
cable lines for various sound systems;
sewer pipes if necessary (with a log height of 10 cm or more).

Lay insulation between the carriers

To create good thermal insulation on the subfloor, it is necessary to lay insulation material between the lags, which will allow the finish coating to be kept in the required temperature range for the apartment.

Quite often, the floor covering is leveled with a log, balancing the thickness of a bar or board until the elements are brought to the same level. Each owner will be able to carry out such a process in an apartment with his own hands, you just need to stock up on the appropriate material (wooden board and timber) and find out the features of fastening.

It should be remembered that installing a lag to the floor is a fairly inexpensive option for installing a rough leveling floor, which allows (by laying insulation in the gaps) to create a warm flooring without the use of modern electrical and water devices.

Of course, it will not be heated from below, but a comfortable environment for your feet will be guaranteed.

Log fastener options

When installing the floor on the logs in the apartment, the question necessarily arises: “How to fix the logs to concrete floor?».

Indeed, there are a number of lag installation options that are worth considering in more detail.

Often there are disputes between supporters of hard lag fasteners and fans of installing lags without fastening to a screed.

The latter constantly indicate that fasteners destroy the concrete base and increase the conductivity of sound.

Do not forget that visually, when buying a beam or a board for logs, it is quite difficult to determine whether the forest is wet or dry.

It is recommended to install linings under the logs that muffle the sound

A rather striking counterbalance to all statements is a reliable fact, the twisting of wood over time (if it is not fixed), this suggests that the forest was damp and not dried properly.

Even if the board or timber is under load (but the pressure on the flooring is different), modifications still occur in the material. wooden boards, changing the shape, violate the parallelism of the finishing flooring, leading to the dismantling of the cover and the removal of crumpled logs.

The issue of conducting sound with rigidly installed objects remains open, since insulation is often placed between the lags (often with increased sound-absorbing properties).

Since wood transmits sound quite well, many builders believe that it is necessary to install a soundproof pad under each log, which will be additional sound insulation directly for the log.

An alternative to rigid fastening and installation without connecting elements is the possibility of fastening the floor lag in a floating way. For more information on how to lay the floor along the logs, see this video:

The floating floor is a lattice of logs, mounted on stands and made exactly to the size of the room. The wooden mesh is also filled with insulation, and plywood and finishing flooring are laid on top of it. Such a floor has the right to exist, with proper construction, it is able to serve for a long time.

It should be remembered that loose logs to the base will emit a creak characteristic of wood.

Before installation, let the material rest in the apartment at room temperature

The key to a high-quality installation of a lag and in the future, a good floor covering, is right choice material.

For logs, it is customary to choose pine wood with a moisture content of no more than 20%.

The selected products (beam and board), having brought into the room, must be laid and loaded with heavy objects (boards should lie for 3-7 days). After that, the press is removed, and the boards are ready for installation.

Before installation, it is desirable to plan the material and treat it with antiseptic and fire retardant compounds.

The distance between the lags should be no more than 60 cm

It is worth choosing a high-quality and reliable soundproofing material that will serve as a substrate; with it, you can set the lag to the level.

Before laying the prepared and processed logs, it is necessary to remove visible irregularities from the rough floor (knock down concrete bulges) and lay a waterproofing layer (roofing material or a special film).

Depending on the thickness of the subfloor, the distance between the lags is selected.

The most popular gaps are 40-60 cm. The extreme logs should be 2-3 cm away from the wall.

Only then can you expose the structure and fix the lag to the concrete floor. It remains to choose the option of rigid mounting.

Types of hard fastening lag in the apartment

Various options for rigid fastening the log to the concrete floor should be considered in more detail:

It should be remembered that when choosing a material for a log, you should not take boards with knots and cracks. After a little drying, all curved bars or boards should be discarded and new ones purchased.

Getting to know everyone possible ways fastening the lag in the apartment and installation methods, you should opt for the option that is right for you.

The overwhelming majority of sexes, both in private and in apartment buildings, made of wood. The support for a multi-layered, pie-like, wood structure is most often logs. Logs are long bars made of wood (less often of metal and reinforced concrete), laid out transversely to the finishing flooring, serving as its solid foundation. This design is installed both on a monolithic concrete floor, and on supporting posts and beams. The device of floors on wooden logs is very profitable due to the relatively low price of materials and ease of installation.

Advantages of flooring on logs

Logs installed as a support on a wooden floor are very functional. In addition to their direct duties, they also:

create a uniform load on the ground in a private house and overlap (if the floor is laid in an apartment building);
level the surface under the coating (adjustable floors with your own hands can be raised or lowered to create a perfectly flat surface, regardless of the initial parameters of the room);
create a free, ventilated space between the ceiling and the floor, in which communications that are undesirable for public viewing can be hidden;
increase the sound insulation of the room;
facilitate the process of floor insulation.

In addition, individual lag bars, if necessary, can be easily replaced without spending money on large-scale repairs in the house.

Structural features of the floor on the logs

The device of the finished wooden floor on the logs is somewhat reminiscent of a multilayer cake, in which it is necessary to lay boards, logs, a waterproofing layer, insulation, and a floor finish on top of the overlap with layers.

The device of the floor on the logs involves the laying of waterproofing and insulation

At the same time, regardless of the type of overlap, the insulated floor pie includes additional elements:

a layer of waterproofing between the ceiling and the lags;
log bars;
subfloor (preference is given to plywood boards);
waterproofing insulation coating;
the insulation and vapor barrier itself;
boards - finishing coating.

This design of floors on logs is relevant for the first floors in private houses. All subsequent floors do not need such serious insulation; in this case, the installation of a waterproofing layer of the cake is only necessary in direct contact with concrete and brick.

It is necessary to insulate the floors of the first floors and concrete or brick bases

Self-manufacturing technology of logs and selection of wood

Lags can be purchased at the store, or you can make your own. The second option is relatively cheaper. Wood with a moisture content of no more than 15-17% of the 2nd or third grade is best suited for these purposes. Logs can be made from pine, fir, spruce, aspen and larch.

If you make logs with your own hands, keep in mind that the cross section of the beam should be rectangular shape. The height is approximately twice the width. Right size it turns out based on the parameters of the room, to be more precise: based on the exact distance between the links of the strapping from the timber.

The size of the bars depends on the distance between the strapping links

In addition, it is imperative to take into account the thickness of the insulation layer and the size of the spans.. In the illustration you can see approximate calculations with laying the log at a distance of 70 cm from each other.

If your room has an intermediate size between the indicated values, it is worth taking a larger value as a basis. So you will have some stock of material, which will allow you to lay it without gaps and make the structure more durable.

To make a wooden floor with your own hands, you can use both edged and tongue-and-groove boards. The second option is much more preferable, because its device involves a groove and a spike, therefore, the installation of a fine finish coating is no longer so relevant.

It is preferable to use tongue-and-groove boards thanks to the tenon-groove system

Cedar, larch, spruce, aspen and pine floorboards can be used. The most expensive and durable materials are oak and pine wood: provided that the installation is carried out correctly, they will last for several decades. In turn, larch is great for rooms with high humidity, because it is not subject to decay, and healthy aspen and alder boards are great for sleeping rooms.

Oak and pine boards will last a long time

If you purchase first-class floorboards, you can not spend money on the final flooring, but at the final stage, just sand the boards and open with varnish.

The main thing is that before laying, be sure to treat the boards with antiseptic antifungal drugs and soak them with a water-repellent compound.

If you install a wooden floor with your own hands, be careful about the choice of wood: the boards should be dry, but not overdried. Wet wood after drying and under the pressure of furniture can be deformed. Always buy boards with a margin of 15-20% in case of need for trimming, mistakes and scrap.

How to independently calculate the required distance between the lags?

When you install the floor on the logs, follow the rule: the thicker the floor board, the wider the installation and the farther apart the logs are.

For example, for a board whose size is 5 cm, you can take a step (the distance between the lags) of one and a half meters.

If you are using thin boards, you can take a small step so that there is no deflection of the board. The most frequent step length between lags is 50-70 cm.

The distance between the lags is most often 50-70 cm

Also keep in mind that you will need additional distance to make it convenient to lay the insulation inside. If the base size does not match the values in the table, then it is calculated upwards.

Basic rules for installing a lag

At self-assembly lag should strictly follow the following rules:

Installation of wooden logs for the floor

Wood is a floor covering that has been tested by time and centuries of experience. Laid correctly, it can serve for decades and not lose its visual appeal. In addition, it is the most environmentally friendly, "breathing" floor, guaranteeing a high degree of heat and sound insulation of the premises, both private and apartment building.

Wooden floor construction along the lags

To make the laying of the wooden floor on the logs quick and comfortable, you will need the following tools: a level, a puncher, a saw and an ax, a hammer, a nail puller, a drill, a screwdriver and keys. As well as the following materials: floorboards (sometimes the role of the subfloor is assigned to plywood boards), logs, insulation material, fasteners(anchor bolts, screws and nails).

If all necessary materials for installation available, you can start laying the log on top soundproofing material. As already mentioned, the surface must be leveled by checking its horizontalness with a building level. Boards are attached to the logs with dowels.

Now it is worth considering in more detail the entire technology of flooring on logs in a private house.

First step - markup working area and ground preparation. First, you should compact the soil and fix the formwork with ten-centimeter sides. Reinforced mesh is laid on the bottom and then poured out concrete mix. For the concrete to dry, you need to wait a couple of days. After that, a waterproofing polyethylene film is laid on top of the concrete floor, and then the supporting structures are built.

If the floor is cold, the space that remains under it after its construction must be covered with sand or expanded clay (do not fill up to the top, you need to leave about 5 cm of free space).

You can insulate the floor with expanded clay

The second step will be to work to ensure normal ventilation of the space under the floors.. For these purposes, small holes are made along the perimeter of the plinth (for every 15 sq.m), which, in order to prevent mice from entering the house, are closed with a non-ferrous metal mesh.

The next step is floor insulation.. For these purposes, expanded polystyrene, isospan or heat-insulating roll material. This material is laid on the waterproofing layer of isolon, which is attached to the logs in advance with the help of an industrial stapler.

After laying the insulation, you can proceed to laying the boardwalk over the log. Installation must start from the corner of the room. The boards are screwed directly to the joists using self-tapping screws.

Scheme of the device of a wooden floor

If the boards are processed and well sanded, they can play the role of a finishing, fine flooring. If a finishing layer is expected (laminate, parquet, linoleum, etc.), you can start laying it immediately after finishing work with fastening the boards to the logs.

Thus, the installation of a floor on logs made of wood has many advantages over laying the floor directly on top of a concrete or ground floor. In addition to the fact that it smooths out all the unevenness of the floors and distributes the load evenly, it also perfectly insulates the home and contributes to noise absorption.