Soundproofing walls in a private house modern materials. How is the soundproofing of the ceiling in a wooden house? The choice of soundproofing materials for soundproofing the ceiling

Today we will talk about what measures need to be taken to ensure acoustic comfort in a private house, define the basic principles of sound protection, and debunk common myths about the sound insulation system.

Ask any owner of a private house if he knows what soundproofing is, and you will hear a confident positive answer. But most of them will note that their home is not comfortable enough in terms of acoustics. The thing is that a culture of professional private construction is just emerging in our country. We can start work without a detailed project, very often the customer manages the work himself, thus, he remains one on one with the construction team. The developer plunges headlong into the sea technical problems and tasks, while soundproofing issues are usually relegated to the background or decided on the basis of "experience" and "practice" rather than accurate calculations. Traditional ideas about effective soundproofing of a home, unfortunately, are full of myths and misconceptions. As a result, the problem is already indicated during the operation of the building, but it is extremely difficult and expensive to fix something at this stage.

Optimal acoustic performance of a building is one of the most important components of the feeling of comfort and coziness from being inside a living space. In turn, constant sound pressure in the house can cause psychological and physiological discomfort, stress, hearing loss and general well-being among its inhabitants. However, excessive silence (noise level below 10 dB) is the cause of anxiety and anxiety - a person needs sounds and noises, the main thing is to reach a compromise value for their level. Noise levels in residential areas are considered comfortable in the range of 10-25 dB. Construction and sanitary norms for housing do not allow exceeding the mark of 45 dB.

What is noise

Why should we isolate ourselves? Noise is our main enemy. In order to fight it effectively, it is necessary to study its main types, causes of occurrence, and the nature of the movement. Noises are chaotic combinations of sounds that do not carry any information for a person and negatively affect him. nervous system. Sound, in turn, is such a physical phenomenon that is caused by wave vibrations of the medium. Sounds are characterized by amplitude and frequency.

Noise sources can be both indoors and outdoors. Unwanted sounds arise from the operation of household appliances, the movement and activities of people, the functioning of in-house engineering systems and communications. Serious discomfort is caused by constant external noise coming from the railway, highway, airport, as they have the highest level.

In building acoustics, several types of noise are distinguished: air, impact, structural.

	Air noise is caused by wave vibrations in the air (music, a crying baby, a running car engine…) The efficiency with which structures reduce noise levels is evaluated by the sound insulation index Rw and is measured in decibels.
	Shock Noise arises due to mechanical influences on building structures, most often floors (steps, moving furniture…) The impact sound insulation level Lw reflects the respective characteristics of walls and floors, it is also measured in decibels.
	Structural noise is a special sound vibrations that move through the structure of the building. That is, this definition is based on a classification according to the type of propagation, and not according to the principle of excitation. Both impact and airborne noise can become structural. So, for example, the sounds of a piano through the air reach uninsulated partitions and ceilings, transform into structural noise and are carried throughout the house through building structures.

Depending on what type of noises appear inside the premises, a specific set of measures is applied to isolate them. We must use artificial barriers to reduce the noise level to a comfortable level.

Methods and principles of noise control

So, our first task is to isolate the premises from outside airborne noise. Everything is quite simple here, the characteristics of enclosing structures - windows, doors, external walls - come to the fore. The better their sound-reflecting properties, the less unwanted sounds will get inside the house. By choosing certain insulating materials and technologies, we can manipulate these properties.

Another task is somewhat more difficult - to localize and scatter sound waves in a room, preventing their transformation into structural noise. In this case, the sound-absorbing characteristics of internal structures are very important, which largely depend on the competent choice and correct use of certain building materials.

To protect against airborne noise, structures made of massive, but at the same time porous materials are excellent. Then the dense front surfaces reflect part of the sound energy towards its source, and the pores absorb and scatter part of the sounds. Indoors, it is quite difficult and not rational to use too massive elements, so multilayer structures come to the rescue, which operate on a similar principle: cladding (brick, drywall, GVL, lining ...) reflects noise, and a layer in the form of fibrous material ( mineral wool) or a soundproof membrane - dissipates and absorbs.

Impact noise in a private house can be neutralized by using elastic porous materials in floor structures as substrates and gaskets that dampen possible vibrations. It can be foam rubber, cork, dense polystyrene foam, polyurethane, porous PVC. Fibrous materials laid in the voids of non-monolithic floors have proven themselves excellently in the fight against impact noise.

To exclude the spread of structural noise, structures that are especially susceptible to increased sound pressure are mounted to other elements of the building not rigidly, but through various gaskets. Examples include various designs of floating floors, plasterboard frame partitions adjacent to load-bearing floors and bearing walls through damper tapes made of foamed polyethylene (dichtung), hemmed ceilings on suspensions with gaskets that dampen vibrations.

Task number three is to reduce the generation of noise inside the house. To do this, it is necessary to isolate the sources of unwanted sounds - Appliances, communications. First, noisy equipment (units forced ventilation, pumping stations, washing machines…) should be installed or mounted through elastic gaskets. Secondly, it is recommended to place it at the maximum distance from the protected rooms - bedroom, study, nursery. If possible, special, well-insulated utility rooms, such as a laundry room, a boiler room, and so on, are equipped for noisy engineering equipment. Sometimes some of its elements are even taken out of the building - for example, to the balcony.

An effective method of increasing the acoustic comfort in the house is the competent design of the interior space. The rooms should be divided into those that especially need isolation from extraneous noise (bedroom, study, children's room ...) and those that are a source of unwanted sounds (game room, living room with home cinema, workshop, billiard room, utility rooms ...). They are grouped and placed at a distance from each other. Moreover, sometimes it makes sense to have protected residential rooms with windows to the courtyard, and other rooms - to the side of the facade.

Solving sound insulation issues is more efficient and cheaper to solve at the design and construction stage. In any case, the soundproofing of a private house must be considered as an integrated system, where all elements are interconnected and are of particular importance. All acoustic factors affecting the building must be taken into account. One way or another, all structures, elements and components of the house should be isolated: external walls, partitions, ceilings, floors, ceilings, communication channels, windows, doors - more on that later.

Sound insulation of load-bearing walls

External walls made of massive materials themselves have good soundproofing characteristics, and the more “powerful” the design, the better. Some materials do the job better than others. Well reflect external noise walls made of monolithic concrete, which do not have seams and possible gaps. Shell rock and foam concrete, due to their porous structure, not only reflect, but also dampen and absorb sound waves. Silicate and porous brick “works” well (not to be confused with hollow).

To improve the resistance to external noise, the outer walls are made multi-layered. Various combinations of several layers of bricks separated by soundproof mineral wool or with an air gap are possible.

Sound insulation improves with proper construction of hinged ventilated facades with a heat insulator, when extraneous noise under the cladding is excluded.

Exterior walls sheathed with plasterboard from the inside have good acoustic properties. This should be a frame technology using a layer of mineral wool. It should be noted that the brackets and guide profiles must be fixed through elastic gaskets, the sheets should be screwed with a gap from the floor and ceiling, which will later be sealed with a non-hardening sealant, such as acrylic. In especially serious cases, a completely independent frame made of a partition profile, the so-called screen, can be used, at some distance from the main wall, of course, it is also filled with cotton wool.

Facing outer wall drywall sheets using mounting adhesive practically does not improve sound insulation, and sometimes causes the opposite effect - the appearance of an oscillatory system, sound resonance. This also applies to two-layer walls insulated with foam using wet technology. By the way, contrary to popular belief, polystyrene foam and extruded polystyrene foam, being good heaters, do not help in any way to protect against airborne noise from the outside.

As you can see, the use of massive structures in combination with acoustic mineral wool is the most effective method to improve the sound insulation coefficient of enclosing structures. However, it should be noted that plates or mats made of fibrous materials must be securely fixed with soundproof fasteners and placed in cavities with minimal gaps. By increasing the layer of wool, we improve the acoustic characteristics of the entire structure.

Sound insulation of partitions

Interior partitions mainly prevent the spread of airborne noise. But measures should also be taken to prevent the transformation of unwanted sounds into structure-borne noise.

Walls made of mineral materials (brick, concrete, gypsum block ...), as a rule, have fairly tolerable acoustic characteristics and do not require additional sound insulation. In special cases, they are sheathed with plasterboard from the side of the protected room, thus obtaining a multilayer structure with a layer of mineral wool. Massive partitions cope with low-frequency noise better than light frame ones (home theater subwoofer, engineering equipment), so in some cases they look preferable, even if their overall sound insulation index Rw is lower.

Frame partitions assembled on metal profiles or wooden bars must be insulated with sound-absorbing fibrous materials. If there is a need to provide a more serious barrier to the propagation of sounds, then the thickness of the acoustic wool should be increased. For this, more than wide profiles, for example, the most popular sizes of galvanized CW and UW poles are 50, 75, 100mm. Note that the wool must be laid over the entire internal width of the frame, so the parameters of the profiles largely determine the acoustic characteristics of the finished wall.

We must not forget that cotton wool, designed to absorb sounds, must work with an effective reflective layer. The more massive the cladding, the more reliable the sound insulation. Heavy sheet materials, GVL, OSB, GKL, chipboard for these purposes will be preferable to piece materials, such as lining. The sound is even better localized if several layers of cladding are used with overlapping joints.

Sometimes they resort to the construction of partition walls with several independent frames, but they are not very effective due to the fact that the sound insulation index in complex multilayer structures increases non-linearly. So a partition with a single frame 75 mm wide has only 25% lower sound insulation index than with a paired frame according to the 75 + 75 scheme.

To combat structural noise, the guide profiles of the partitions are attached to the walls and ceilings through elastic bands. Gaps are left between sheet sheathing and enclosing structures, which are carefully sealed with non-hardening sealants.

Soundproofing floors

The overlap of a multi-storey building must withstand airborne and impact noise. This problem is solved by soundproofing the floor of the upper level and the ceiling of the lower one. Air sound waves are successfully retained by concrete slabs or a joist pie, consisting of sound-absorbing materials and rough sheathing. A little more difficult is the situation with the neutralization of impact noise.

In most cases, one has to resort to various designs floating floors that do their job perfectly. They are not rigidly connected with the main elements of the building. A concrete screed is laid on a layer of foam or extruded polystyrene foam. Logs of wooden floors are mounted through elastic gaskets. The leveling pad for the dry screed of prefabricated floors also dampens shock vibrations. Floating floors are installed after the installation of partitions, so they are isolated from the floors in other rooms and do not transmit structural noise. Between floating floors and walls, damper tapes made of foamed elastic materials must be laid.

A certain role is played by fine floor coverings, which can significantly affect the acoustic comfort of the premises. For example, linoleum, carpet, cork perfectly extinguish and absorb noise. Laminate and parquet board also improve the acoustic situation, provided that high-quality substrates are used.

Suspended ceilings play an important role in soundproofing ceilings. IN metal carcass mineral wool can be embedded, and a simple air gap between the ceiling space is involved in the localization of noise. To avoid structural noise and resonating vibrations, the ceiling profiles should be mounted to the walls through elastic tapes; it is recommended to install vibration damping pads under the hangers. Well proven stretch ceiling, which are not attached to the ceiling at all and are made of non-resonating PVC films and fabrics.

Window soundproofing

The resistance of a building to street airborne noise depends not only on the characteristics of the outer walls, but also on the quality of the soundproofing of the windows.

The first thing you should pay attention to is the area of glazing, with an increase in which the acoustic comfort in the premises necessarily worsens.

An important factor is the choice of the correct double-glazed window. Not always a multi-chamber double-glazed window isolates better from noise, the reason for this is the relatively small air gaps between the glasses. The widest multi-chamber double-glazed windows have special soundproofing characteristics, in which spacers of different widths are used, so it is possible to avoid resonances caused by strong traffic noise. Enhance the soundproofing effect by using massive glass of various thicknesses. In any case, the thicker the glass and the larger the air gaps between them, the less noise the windows let through. If glass with special films or triplex is used in the production of double-glazed windows, this will also have a positive effect on sound insulation.

The shape and configuration of the window affects the acoustics. Rectangular windows are quieter than square ones. Dividing the light opening by bulkheads from the profile into smaller light fields using several double-glazed windows significantly increases the acoustic efficiency.

For soundproofing, the degree of tightness of the porch is very important, which can only be ensured by well-adjusted fittings and high-quality seals. The third, additional contour of the seal will also not be superfluous.

Naturally, it is necessary that the window be correctly installed in compliance with all the rules for organizing assembly seams. The use of soundproofing materials in hollow slopes is highly encouraged.

The use of ventilation valves slightly spoils the acoustic picture, but nothing more than a sash open for ventilation. And the new valves have a kind of labyrinth for damping sounds.

Door soundproofing

One of the noise transmission channels is doorways. This applies to how entrance group, and interior doors. The solution to the problem again lies in the use of the largest possible massive boxes and canvases. It is possible to improve the acoustic performance of doors by using structures with a tight porch.

More effective sound insulation have structures with a reliable D-shaped seal located around the entire perimeter. Ventilation grilles and gaps under the canvas negatively affect the acoustic picture inside the room. Therefore, in certain cases, preference should be given to door blocks with a threshold and a blind canvas with an influx, of course, without glazing and gratings.

For soundproofing the entrance to the house is often used double doors, the resulting slopes between which are insulated with mineral wool. Moreover, the outer web may be filled with a fibrous sound-absorbing material.

Sound insulation of engineering systems and communications

Communication channels are often not only a kind of sound transmission bridges, connecting various premises, but sometimes they become powerful generators of airborne noise, often turning into structural ones. There are several ways to solve this problem:

All communications should be fixed to the supporting structures through elastic gaskets and fasteners.
Heating, water supply and sewage pipes (especially risers) are wrapped with acoustic mineral wool and sheathed with boxes.
The ventilation ducts are insulated with noise-absorbing materials.
Ventilation openings are closed with grilles with wings, curtains, blinds.
Installation and assembly electrical devices (sockets, distribution boxes, built-in cabinets) are sealed to the maximum.

Soundproofing on site

Oddly enough, but most of the outdoor airborne noise can be stopped even outside the private building. So in Europe, acoustic screens are often installed along busy roads that pass near residential areas. They are also actively used along railway tracks, near active construction sites, production shops, children's playgrounds, noisy sports and shopping facilities. The noise protection screen reflects or absorbs sound waves, forming an "acoustic shadow" behind it. Sometimes it acts in combination, combining in its design both sound-absorbing panels with perforation and fibrous filling, and reflective elements made of rigid materials.

Such barriers are placed on the border of the site, as close as possible to noise sources. They must have a significant length and height of 3 meters, which, however, does not always have a negative effect in terms of design, as there are transparent screens made of special glass and polycarbonate.

Several rows of green space on the border of the site will also help reduce the sound pressure on your home. Climbing, densely growing plants on a fence or facade are also able to scatter and dampen most of the noise.

Summing up

We have considered the main elements of sound protection of a private house and we can already draw some conclusions:

Sound insulation depends more on the type of structures than on the properties of the materials.
Particular attention should be paid to the adjoining of various building elements to each other, using elastic damping pads and carefully sealing the seams.
The more massive the structure, the better the sound insulation.
A wider insulator layer or a wider air chamber is more effective at blocking out noise.
Instead of massive single-layer structures, light multi-layer structures can be used.
Sound-absorbing layers should alternate with reflective materials.
Holes, openings, cracks in structures reduce the level of their sound insulation.
Noise sources must be grouped and removed as far as possible from the protected premises.
All soundproofing materials must be pressed tightly against each other and against structures.
Not all heaters have soundproofing properties.
Acoustic comfort can be improved by using elastic finishing materials in the interior, pile floor coverings, upholstered voluminous furniture, thick massive curtains.
You can start protecting yourself from external noise already on the territory of the site.

In any case, the soundproofing of a private house should be considered as an integrated system, the implementation of which is more efficient and cheaper to produce at the design and construction stage.

Turishchev Anton, rmnt.ru

How wonderful that we are surrounded by sounds, and we can hear the laughter of a child and a favorite melody! But there is also back side medals - extraneous sounds that penetrate the house without demand and interfere with rest, work, and enjoy life. Psychologists have proven that noise has a negative effect on the nervous and cardiovascular system. Therefore, a person simply needs "sessions of silence." But how can you create silence for yourself if cars drive around the clock outside the window, and behind the wall a neighbor is a fan of your favorite football team? You will have to understand how sounds enter the home and build a barrier in their path. Moreover, sometimes it does not even require special physical costs, and the price of soundproofing is quite acceptable.

The property of sound waves to overcome obstacles

When exposed to solid, a sound wave arises in the air, which encounters solid objects on its way, is reflected, passes through them and is partially lost inside. Sound from the source and reflected from objects form a sound field that affects the building envelope. As a result, the structure vibrates, and it itself becomes a sound source, transferring sound energy to the adjacent room.

The amount of sound energy passing through structures depends on the frequency of the sound wave and on the characteristics of the material.

Density of materials

A sound wave needs energy to swing a structure and pass through it. And the greater the density of the material, the more energy the sound will need, and, accordingly, fewer molecules will be able to break through a dense barrier. So, materials with a high density tend to reflect sound energy. Such materials are called soundproofing.

Material stiffness

Sound travels faster through hard materials. For example, consider ordinary concrete and its foamed counterpart. Concrete is a fairly strong and rigid material, but foam concrete has a lower strength factor, since it has a porous structure. But due to the pores of foam concrete, the sound insulation coefficient is higher than that of concrete.

What is frequency

In order to understand whether the design can protect against noise, you need to know the frequency of the sound. Quiet sounds are low-frequency, which means that the change between low and high sound pressure is slower. Due to this, it is easier for low-frequency sound to “rock” the structure. Only massive structures with high density can save from such a sound. But in some cases, even two-meter-thick walls will not be an obstacle.

What is the danger of resonance

If the frequency of the sound wave acting on the structure coincides with the natural frequency of the structure, then they will enter into resonance. In this case, the material not only does not resist vibrations, but, on the contrary, contributes to an increase in the amplitude of vibrations.

In this situation, sound-absorbing materials will come to the rescue. They have the ability to pass inside themselves and absorb sound energy. In soundproofing structures, they are used to eliminate resonance. By themselves, they are not effective, as they are not able to withstand low-frequency sound.

So, soundproofing a house can only be effective if the use of soundproofing and sound-absorbing materials is properly planned.

The nature of the origin of noise

In order to protect yourself from noise, you need to know the nature of its origin.

airborne noise

This type of sounds includes those that are transmitted through the air, and the source is a conversation, TV, radio. Such sound propagates according to the standard scenario (with the help of oscillatory effects on structures). To protect against airborne noise, it is sufficient to perform soundproofing of the walls , behind which are neighbors.

impact noise

In this case, the source of noise transmission is the structure itself, which was mechanically affected. In this case, sound transmission to neighboring structures is inevitable. A sound that quietly passes from the ceiling to the walls, and vice versa, is called indirect.

How much sound travels through a home depends on the materials used. Noise easily passes from heavy materials to light ones, but it is more difficult to overcome the way back. Therefore, in a house with a wooden floor and brick or reinforced concrete walls, the steps of the neighbors from above will practically not be heard. If the whole house is built of material with the same density, the sound wave easily propagates several floors down. In such houses, in order for soundproofing to be effective, all structures must be soundproofed.

Where to start soundproofing a house or apartment

Before proceeding with the soundproofing of the house, you need to free the walls, floor and ceiling from finishing materials and inspect them for cracks. Sound, when propagating, always seeks the path of least resistance. Therefore, it is imperative to seal cracks and expansion joints. Sockets deserve special attention. An uninsulated outlet can increase noise penetration by 20dB. Also, do not disregard the holes in the ceiling and walls through which pipes pass.

After all the holes and cracks are destroyed, sit in the room and listen to where the sounds come from most of all. If the problem is a too talkative neighbor behind the wall, we proceed to the soundproofing of the wall. But before you rejoice that everything turned out to be so simple, check if the sound is transmitted from the problematic wall to adjacent structures. If such a problem exists, soundproofing of the ceiling, walls and floor is needed.

Well, in the case when the apartment above is a source of concern, only an integrated approach to solving the problem will help.

Floor soundproofing

Having taken up the soundproofing of the dwelling, it is better to start from the floor. Ideally, from the neighbor's floor above. But, as a rule, this idea remains unrealistic, and soundproofing the floor in your apartment is a necessary thing. There will be no sound transmitted indirectly along the floor, and the neighbors from above will not tell you that you have a herd of elephants.

The soundproofing of the floor is achieved by installing a "floating floor". This design consists of a layer of soundproof or sound-absorbing material, waterproofing, reinforced screed. The main condition is that the screed should not adjoin the walls, otherwise the sounds will still be transmitted from the walls to the floor and back. In order to prevent this from happening, the soundproofing material is wrapped up to the height of the plinth, or a damper tape is glued around the perimeter of the room.

Well, what material to choose - soundproof or sound-absorbing, depends on the type of noise. If impact noise is the problem, you need soundproofing. Fiberglass pads and soundproofing mats "Shumanet" cope well with impact noise. To protect against airborne noise, special sound-absorbing materials are used. It should be taken into account that the fibrous materials that really suppress noise have a thickness of more than 50mm.

Soundproofing floors

IN wooden house can be done with the same materials. In this case, a soundproof tape is laid over the beams. The space between the beams is filled with sound-absorbing material. Logs and floor boards are fastened with soundproof gaskets, no matter what fasteners become a source of noise transmission.

Ceiling soundproofing

by the most in a simple way sound insulation of the ceiling is considered to be a device of a suspended structure, in which, as facing material use plates made of thin mineral or fiberglass. Such designs are produced by Ecophon and Armstrong. Such a ceiling can be used in a room with a home theater. The disadvantage is that such plates are not able to protect against impact noise.

Most often, a suspended structure is used, inside which sound-absorbing materials are laid, and covered with drywall on top. This method of soundproofing will be effective if the fasteners of the guides are carried out through soundproof gaskets. If the structure is mounted in a room with a home theater, drywall is replaced with gypsum fiber boards.

To achieve the best result, thermal soundproofing is glued to the floor slabs, a flexible texound membrane is attached to it. And only then assemble the frame. Texound is also glued to the profile facing the room and drywall.

Wall soundproofing

Materials for soundproofing walls are used the same as for the ceiling and fixed according to the same principle. Soundproofing material is attached to the wall with an overlap on the floor and ceiling. The frame is fixed through elastic pads. Sound-absorbing material is installed in it. Soundproof gaskets are glued onto the profile and gypsum boards or gypsum boards are fixed.

Sound insulation of partitions

In some cases, it may be necessary to soundproof the partitions inside the apartment. It is performed in a similar way. Well, if you want to build a light partition, then you can immediately make it sound-proof. For this, two frames are assembled separately. This is necessary so that there is no indirect noise transmission between them. An air gap is left between the frames. The interior space is filled with mineral wool. It is recommended to use for facing the partition various materials, which will reduce the likelihood of resonance.

Soundproofing doors

If all the cracks in the apartment are sealed and all structures are soundproofed, and the apartment is still noisy, pay attention to the soundproofing of doors and windows. Very often, the source of noise is a poorly fitting Entrance door. In this case, around the perimeter of the door is fixed sealing tape. In extreme cases, you can disassemble the door and replace its filler with a material that does not transmit sound.

Window soundproofing

Soundproofing windows consists of sealing cracks and replacing sealing gum. But practice shows that most of the noise does not penetrate through the frames, but through the glass. In order to reduce the amount of noise penetrating through the glass, it is recommended to choose double-glazed windows in which glass with different thicknesses will be installed. In this case, vibrations that occur on one glass will not be transmitted to another. Since glasses with different thicknesses have different resonant frequencies.

If you follow these rules when performing soundproofing work, then peace and quiet will always reign in your house, in which you can relax after a hard day's work, which will favorably affect your psychological health.

Any overlap is a potential source of heat loss and noise penetration.

In the case of wooden beams, it can be noted that wood is an excellent conductor of sound. Plus, wooden beams, over time, begin to creak.

To avoid this, you need to take care of the correct soundproofing of the floors (noise insulation) in a timely manner.

By nature, sound is divided into three types:

impact noise. Reflects the sound of footsteps, falling objects, moving furniture. It is characterized by the reduced impact noise level index Lnw;

air (acoustic) noise. Sound waves that are transmitted through the air. The source may be the voice of residents, the sound of television and video equipment, etc. Characterized by airborne sound insulation index Rw.

structural noise. In fact, this is a kind of impact noise, in contrast to which, noise conductors are the junctions of building structures.

The choice of soundproofing material for floors

In order to provide better protection against noise and vibration, the soundproofing of interfloor wooden floors is carried out using several types of insulators. The main requirement is a high coefficient of sound absorption of building materials.

As the main sound insulator, it is better to give preference to fibrous materials, because. their structure contributes to the fact that most sounds are extinguished against it (i.e., maximum sound absorption occurs).

For example, ecowool, mineral and basalt wool have such characteristics. In addition, such a soundproof material serves as a heater at the same time.

Additional sound insulation will be created by arranging a subfloor made of chipboard or OSB. At the same time, the sheets are not attached to the lags, but are fixed together with screws or nails. On the beams, such a floor is held under its own weight (according to the principle of a floating floor). And due to the absence of a rigid connection to the floor, the likelihood of noise from outside is reduced.

To prevent sound from penetrating between the ceiling and the bearing wall, as well as between the ceiling and the chimney, it is recommended to place a roll insulation in the seam, for example, felt or similar in structure. And close the junction with a plinth. Moreover, the plinth is nailed only to the wall.

The felt attached to the beams also reduces the noise level.

Placing a polystyrene and/or foil or natural cork underlay under the floor will also reduce impact noise and vibration. It should be noted that all types of work on soundproofing floors should be carried out at the stage of building construction. The layout of materials is shown in the figure.

Sound insulation of wooden floors between floors - norms and requirements

Despite the general approach to the choice of soundproofing material, the soundproofing of wooden floors for various purposes is carried out in compliance with different requirements.

The soundproofing of a non-residential attic floor on wooden beams is considered to be effective if the airborne sound insulation index Rw is at least 45 dB. Such protection is able to provide a layer of mineral wool with a density of at least 50 kg / m3 laid in a layer of 100 mm. If the height of the beams is less than this value, then logs can be filled on them. And place the next layer of material between the lags. In order not to create cold bridges, the logs must be placed perpendicular to the beams. Then the joints will be covered with the next layer of cotton wool.

Sound insulation of interfloor ceilings will be sufficient if mineral or basalt wool mats are used, laid with a layer of at least 200 mm. At a density of 50 kg / m.cub. If the density of the material is higher, the layer decreases proportionally.

Airborne and impact sound insulation index

Normative indicators of sound insulation of floors are prescribed in such standards as SNiP 23-01-2003 "Protection from noise" and SNiP II-12-77 Protection from noise.

Detailed data showing the index of the reduced level of impact and airborne noise Rw depending on the location of the ceiling are presented in the table.

At the same time, sound insulation is considered sufficient if:

Rw equals or exceeds the standard value;
Lnw is equal to or below the standard value.

You should be aware that the use of soundproofing material does not protect the room from sounds penetrating through the walls. Therefore, the soundproofing of the walls needs to be done additionally.

The material was prepared for the site www.site

Membrane soundproofing of floors in a wooden house on the ceiling

The technique was described at one construction forum, by a competent person, judging by the reviews. Those who have already done it, they say, the effect is worthy.

Sound insulation of wooden beam ceilings between floors with mineral wool or mineral slabs (heat and sound insulating slabs made of mineral wool, for example, TechnoNikol, Technofas, Rocklight, Izover ISOVER, etc.).

The brand of acoustic insulation is chosen at your discretion, the principle is the same for all manufacturers. The size and density varies (thickness from 40 to 100 mm, density 30-140 kg/m3). Produced in the form of rolls or plates, certain dimensions.

Attention!
Installation of cotton wool is carried out strictly in goggles and a respirator.

The advantage of cotton wool is excellent sound absorption, in particular, high and partially medium frequencies are well damped. Here the rule applies - the thicker the layer, the more it is able to absorb (meaning the low-frequency spectrum). It should be understood that it is low frequencies that are strongly transmitted through wooden floors and it is very difficult to get rid of their penetration. Why is that? It's simple - wooden floors are lightweight, and the tree acts as a resonator. In concrete floors, it is easier to achieve sound insulation, in view of the design features of the concrete slab and its properties.

However, if desired, noise transmission through wooden floors can be significantly reduced. To do this, you need to make a sound absorber, which is a membrane-type cake.

Sound absorber membrane device

The pie is made from sheet material, as an option, OSB or plywood (not thinner than 10 mm). Inside (between the sheets) a sound insulator is laid. As a sound absorber can be used:

Mineral wool (mineral wool)
Basalt fiber
Minplita
Construction felt (technical)

If mineral wool material is used, then with a density of at least 30 kg / m3 (the higher the density and thicker, the better).

Construction felt is characterized by high sound absorption parameters, but is prone to water absorption and fire hazard (although high-quality antiseptic impregnation reduces the likelihood of fire, i.e. it does not openly burn, but smolders).

Construction (technical) felt is a dense material made of wool or synthetic fibers. Characteristics: density - 10-80 kg / m3, thickness 5-40 mm, width is different, varies up to 2 meters, thermal conductivity is from 0.03 to 0.07 W / (m K). Available in rolls or in sheets.

The sound absorber between the ceiling and the membrane is made not only for sound insulation, but to a greater extent in order to dampen the resonance that occurs between the ceiling and the membrane.

To achieve the maximum soundproofing effect, the membrane (pie) should not be connected to the ceiling, i.e. must have an independent connection (attached to a separate profile at a distance of 10 cm from the ceiling, forming an air cushion). It turns out a kind of suspended ceiling.

The soundproof cake is attached to the walls along the perimeter, and in the middle to the beams only by means of shock-absorbing fasteners (elastic ceiling suspension), and with a rare step, not less than a meter. Vibration hangers can be bought from the factory or you can make a home-made vibration damping hanger.

If the membrane is screwed directly to the wooden floor beams, the whole effect will be lost.

The principle of the technology is to desynchronize the sound vibrations that occur between the ceiling and the membrane. It turns out, so to speak, a ceiling with a resonant absorber.

A device of this design is also possible - the mineral wool is fastened with a mesh or slats between the floor beams, and as a membrane (i.e. instead of it), hem the ceiling with plywood or drywall. But, they are not attached to the beams, but also independently (i.e. behind the walls), 3-5 cm below the ceiling. With such a device, the mineral wool fixed on the beams will play the role of the absorber.

The method is controversial. laborious process, big weight and most importantly, the sound is partially extinguished, because. the main resonance is transmitted along the lags. The principle of the device is shown in the photo.

Of course, it all depends on the device method, as the masters advise, you need to fill the sand between the logs and the subfloor, and not just between the floor beams, and mount the floating floor system on top.

Scheme of soundproofing ceilings for drywall

Outcome

Floor soundproofing technology for wooden house unlike brick and concrete buildings, it has a number of features that are directly related to the design of floors, their properties and sound-conducting characteristics. The methods described above will help isolate or significantly reduce the penetration of sound waves between floors in frame cottages, as well as in houses made of logs or timber.

The comfort of living in a home largely depends on the availability of high-quality protection from external noise influences. Soundproofing in a wooden house has its own specifics and is very different from the options for other types of buildings. The porous structure of the material enhances the degree of conductivity of acoustic waves, and requires the use of special technologies.

Soundproofing work is recommended to be carried out at the stage of housing construction. If the technology is not followed, the tree will act as a resonator, amplifying the sound waves in the premises. Arrangement of protection in an already built house is more difficult to implement, but doable. A wide choice of materials and installation methods allows you to choose best option in each individual case.

Soundproofing in a wooden house should take into account the nature of the noise. There are several basic variations of sound exposure:

acoustic (noise propagates through the air);
shock (sound arises vibrationally, comes from a solid medium);
mixed (combines acoustic and impact noise);
structural view (sounds occur when there are defects in the structure of the dwelling).

There are no universal materials for soundproofing. Choice suitable option must be based on a certain type and level of noise reduction. The degree of intensity of sound propagation largely depends on the correct installation of transverse lags between floors. Violation of installation, or the complete absence of these elements, causes structural noise.

Types and characteristics of soundproof materials

Properly selected option will help create optimal sound insulation. You should carefully read the quality and performance characteristics of modern tools:

Fibrous materials for soundproofing layer. Available in rolls or sheets. Combine with other materials. They are used to fill niches between ceilings and voids in walls.
Substrate (foil, polystyrene, cork). Attenuates sounds in the floor area. Rolled substrates are used for insulation various partitions, beams, floors.
Felt. Used between floors for laying on logs, finishing seams. Reliably prevents the penetration of sound waves.
Expanded clay. The material is environmentally friendly and natural composition, easy to use for insulation of floors. Does not create a weight load, due to the low specific gravity of the raw material.
Sand. Fits in bottom layer on the substrate. Possesses optimum sound-proof qualities.
Draft floor. Mounted without fasteners, the material is presented in the form of sheets of OSB, chipboard. Attenuates sounds due to the lack of a rigid mount with overlap.

Only a combination of several layers in a certain sequence can provide the proper level of sound insulation. Thanks to the correct combination, a soundproof cake is formed.

Installation principle

Carrying out the installation process in the house with wooden floors has its own characteristics. First you need to inspect all surfaces of the dwelling, eliminate cracks, defects. It is important to pay attention to the factors that increase the noise level. Poor soundproofing ability of building materials, old window and door designs, and poor sound absorption interior decoration render Negative influence to isolate sound waves.

After eliminating the shortcomings, the soundproofing layers are directly installed. One of the ways to combine materials can be laying in the sequence:

parquet materials;
chipboard, OSB boards;
rubber backing;
mineral wool;
vapor barrier material;
crate made of wood;
ceiling tiles.

You can achieve the desired performance by replacing the old design of window and doorways on new models with a seal. External Finishing work are performed taking into account the degree of absorption of sound waves by the coating.

Proper sound insulation in a wooden house will reliably protect the building from noise and significantly improve thermal tightness.

Ways to perform soundproofing floors

Soundproofing the floor in a wooden house can be done in two ways. The first option provides for work at the construction stage, the second - on the finished floor covering. It is optimal to carry out laying between floors in a lattice of beams and beams. Glassine, vibration protection layer and porous flooring are used. insulating material.

High-quality sound insulation of partitions in a wooden house is created on the basis of an overlapped substrate. Next, the floor is laid, avoiding contact with the walls. All joints must be finished with soundproofing strips. The plinth is also securely fastened, preventing the spread of sound waves and vibrations. Soundproofing between floors in a wooden house is carried out comprehensively and is aimed at muffling the shock type of noise as much as possible.

if there is a finish floor covering, the soundproofing of the floor in a wooden house is made on top of the structure. It is important to carefully prepare the base, eliminating all cracks, seams and cracks with the help of a sealant. Then you can use bulk compositions (expanded clay, sand), or polystyrene, mineral, basalt wool, felt.

A prerequisite is the sequence of installation. The vapor barrier layer should be located under the sound-absorbing coating. It is recommended to foresee the presence of an overlap on the walls (about 15 cm). Usage roll materials designed for a 10 cm edge for walls. The floating floor sheathing is assembled without fixing the lag to the base. Fixation with nails is acceptable, which are removed at the final stage.

Stages of work to protect walls from noise

Sound insulation of a wall in a wooden house is based on the laying of materials in a metal or wooden frame installation. Mineral wool and plasterboard sheathing can be used as a filler.

The initial stage of work is aimed at eliminating sound propagation paths. Proper sound insulation of a wall in a wooden house is possible provided that the surfaces are of high quality. At the junction of the walls with the ceiling and floor, all cracks should be eliminated, if necessary, increase the layer of plaster.

Wall sections where sockets and switches are located may experience sound loss. It is required to carefully fill the voids with soundproofing material. Communication areas are also subject to processing. Gaps in the places where the channels pass are processed with mounting foam.

Installation frame structure starts with the choice of planks. It is important to remember that in order to form high-quality sound insulation of a wall in a wooden house, the materials must conduct sound as little as possible. When installing metal profiles, their back side, adjacent to the wall, must be treated with tape insulation.

Fixing and fastening details must also have sound-absorbing properties. The technology of work includes: installation of vertical racks, filling voids with material and external finishing of the structure.

Soundproofing the ceiling in a wooden house

It is possible to reduce the penetration and resonance of noise in a dwelling by performing a combined ceiling insulation in a wooden house. At the stage of surface finishing, the plaster should be applied to the paint grid. Reliable fixation is achieved by fixing with nails, glue along the perimeter of the walls. Wire mesh will allow you to apply a fairly massive layer.

It is not recommended to fasten the structure to the beams, which will violate the sound absorption properties. Soundproofing the ceiling in a house with wooden floors can be performed different ways. An option for using a layered sound insulator is the installation of wool between the beams ceiling. Fastening is made by slats, or a grid. Finally, drywall sheets are installed. Fastening is carried out below the main floor, preventing the sound resonance of the structure.

Proper implementation of technology in a wooden house will reliably protect the home from internal and external sound influences. Interior solutions that prevent the spread of noise will help improve soundproofing qualities. Textiles, carpets and cushioned furniture fill the house with comfort, enhance the absorption of sound waves and make living more comfortable.

Soundproofing the ceiling in a house with wooden floors is an important stage in the construction of the building. Problems with isolation of noise and sound are always relevant. Especially if some overlaps are unreliable and thin. And this happens in houses made of wood, or where wooden partitions and ceilings are installed.

To avoid unnecessary complications and problems, it is worth eliminating them immediately. When renovating or building a house, everyone is wondering about noise isolation.

And this main point, because in a house with wooden coverings such an element is relevant. To solve this problem, you should first figure out what is needed to install the soundproofing of the ceiling in a house with wooden coverings, interfloor ceilings and what errors are allowed during installation.

And in order to eliminate such questions, you should know some facts.

Required Tools

Sound insulation of the floor, floors and ceilings must take into account the properties of the purchased materials. This is important to comply with regulations that prevent fires or other accidents. Also, materials purchased in specialized stores must have all the necessary certificates and documents confirming the quality:

Fire hazard. The category is indicated on the packaging of any building material.
Noise isolation factor.
Availability of a certificate of sanitary and hygienic standards.
The thickness of the coating itself.

To start installing soundproofing floors in a wooden house, you should purchase all the materials and tools necessary for this:

Nails or screws.
Materials with the help of which the soundproofing of interfloor ceilings and floors located in a wooden house is carried out. Their selection will depend on what exactly is planned to be protected from noise.
Hammer or screwdriver to secure.
Plywood or boards.

In the installation work, it is important to choose the right Construction Materials and approach this work responsibly.

Noise insulation of floors and walls

Soundproofing the floor is done in two stages. First, a draft version, consisting of beams, a special material resembling foil, and boards. On the beams that make up the base of the floor, a coating is placed with the reflective side into the house, and the boards are attached from above with the help of a furniture stapler.

The finished floor is leveled with thin plywood, regardless of roughness or lack thereof. Holes must be drilled in the corners of the plywood boards to allow air to pass through. This is necessary so that stagnation and the appearance of water do not occur. And already on top they cover with linoleum and floor boards, then varnish is applied.

Basalt wool or its analogues can be used as an insulating material. They do not conduct not only noise, but also vibration.

For walls, two layers of materials are needed. In the first, it is better to use glass wool or cotton wool, consisting of fibers. And in the second layer, drywall or brick is used. It is also worth considering that the fastening must be reliable and special gaskets should be used that isolate sound. And everything is attached to a special frame made of guides.

Soundproofing the ceiling

Ensuring sound insulation between floors and on the ceiling should begin with surface treatment from paint residues and other substances.
Then we build a frame of beams. When finished, it should resemble cells.
Materials that provide sound insulation are attached to glue or screws. These include felt, slabs or glass wool.
The gaps between the ceiling and the wall should be filled with a mass of acrylic. It will provide additional insulation.
After all the steps, you can use ceiling tiles or do suspended ceiling to completely block the access of extraneous sounds.
When textiles and furniture are brought into the room, the noise becomes less. They also have the property of not missing sounds. It is important to choose a fabric that transmits the least sound.

Soundproofing the ceiling in a wooden house plays an important role, especially if the room has several floors.

Noise insulation between floors

Of course, to ensure sound insulation between floors, it is worth insulating on both sides, or rather the ceiling and floor, and doing it at the same time to increase the noise impassability. Soundproofing material must be inserted into the main structure of the interfloor ceilings.

The beams that carry the stability of the building are insulated with glass wool, foam rubber or other sound-reflecting material. Boards or plywood are laid on top, and they are fastened with screws to the beams through the insulation.

These structures will last longer if the ceiling, floor, walls and coatings between floors are soundproofed in accordance with all the rules. Yes, and in wooden houses, the slightest rustle or creak will be heard by the whole house due to the fact that the tree has the ability to conduct sound perfectly. Glass and lacquered wood surfaces also have a similar characteristic.

Summing up all of the above, we can conclude that such an event as isolation of floors from noise and extraneous sounds in a wooden house is simply necessary to ensure not only good dream but also the comfort of living throughout the day. It is difficult to live where every rustle is heard.

And by isolating the premises from penetrating sounds, you can ensure full-fledged work and sleep. This important elements Have a good mood and life activity.