Interior partitions - options for a stylish combination in the interior (55 photos). What is better to make partitions in an apartment: we make interior partitions from various materials

Zoning an apartment helps not only to give housing an original look, but also make the space functional. Often, the owners of apartments and private houses prefer to block housing on their own. What interior partitions are preferable and what to look for when building them - this will be discussed in the article.

Wall - part of the building that separates the premises, serving as a fence and support. Leaning on, the walls transfer to it the load from its own weight and the floors of the building. These walls are load bearing. and their demolition or relocation is strictly prohibited without special permission.

The rest of the walls separate the rooms in the building. In buildings, all external walls and walls leading to stairs are load-bearing; these are thick and massive structures with increased heat and sound insulation.

Partition - designed for zoning space, it separates one part of the space from another and can be arranged directly on the floor. This is a relatively light construction with reduced heat and sound insulation. The partition can be built, demolished or moved independently.

Types of interior partitions

The type is determined by the material of manufacture.

Brick. Traditional for our country material. Brick structures have undeniable advantages, but they also have disadvantages.

Of the advantages, we note: strength, durability, good sound insulation, moisture resistance.

Of the shortcomings the main thing is a lot of weight - square meter half a brick thick weighs 280 kg. After laying, it requires mandatory plastering, and the construction itself is long and laborious.

From tongue-and-groove slabs. One of the options for quick and convenient division of premises.

Advantages: easy installation, small volume, good sound insulation, ability to hold loads.

Flaws: due to mobility, mandatory fastening to the ceiling is required; if the base subsides, the structure may collapse, it is enough high price.

From cellular concrete. Cellular concrete is one of the best modern materials combining the advantages of natural and artificial masonry stones. Lightweight, pre-fabricated structures with a minimum length of seams.

Advantages: perfectly processed, fireproof, good heat and sound insulation, low cost.

Flaws: the need for finishing, high water absorption.

From glass blocks. Glass blocks - building blocks various shapes made of glass, molded or prefabricated, different color. They are used for zoning residential premises, kitchens, bathrooms and bathrooms.

Advantages: moisture resistance, good sound insulation, incombustibility, no additional finishing needed, let in light.

Flaws: difficulties in processing (it is impossible to saw, cut, drill, etc.), problems with attaching objects, high cost, the need for additional ventilation of the premises.

Frame type. The basis of such a partition is a metal or wooden frame. Sheathing can be different: drywall, wood, chipboard, plastic panels etc.

Advantages: quick installation, light weight, good sound insulation, ease of assembly and low cost.

Flaws: low strength and moisture resistance, the impossibility of attaching heavy objects.

Wooden. Represent a frame made of veneered profile or solid wood With different options filling. They allow you to mount furniture elements: shelves, tables, cabinets, beds, wardrobes, etc.

Advantages: environmental friendliness, aesthetic appearance.

Flaws: low noise insulation and moisture resistance, the need for finishing natural wood, high price.

Metal. Metal partitions are more often used to protect premises, although there are also light decorative structures. Perhaps the combined use of metal with glass. wood, etc. To ensure safety, they are installed in vestibules on landings.

Advantages: strength, durability, fire safety.

Flaws: high cost, low sound insulation, the need for additional finishing.

Glass. Glass products are used in various interiors.

Advantages: strength, aesthetics, a large selection of styles and colors, transparency, complete readiness without additional finishing.

Disadvantages: high cost, inability to process glass and attach objects to it.

Aluminum and PVC. Office aluminum and PVC systems have appeared relatively recently.

Advantages: complete readiness for assembly, relatively low cost, quick installation, clean assembly, excellent appearance, especially aluminum structures. Allow to realize design solutions different configurations and levels of complexity.

From polycarbonate. Cellular is often used for office systems.

Advantages: lightness, strength, transparency, fire safety, aesthetics, low cost.

Flaws: easily crumpled and scratched, cannot be used in large openings due to low weight and flexibility (additional stiffening ribs are needed), inferior in durability to glass, not used in an expensive exclusive interior.

The modern market offers a large selection of traditional and new materials for the construction of all types of partitions in production, in the office and at home. The consumer can choose simple and exclusive designs from various materials that will perfectly fit into the interior and will correspond to the required level of cost.

What is better to make a partition?

Of these options, the most popular are:

brick;
aerated concrete;
tongue-and-groove gypsum blocks;
drywall on metal frame with mineral wool.

Brief characteristics:

classical brick wall has weight restrictions. To make a final decision, calculate the weight of the structure and evaluate the possibility of overlapping. In high-rise buildings, it is better to refuse large brick partitions. Having settled on a brick structure, also note that it will definitely have to be plastered and finished.
Aerated concrete partitions arranged, as a rule, with a thickness of 80 to 100 mm, less often up to 150 mm. The material is not bad in terms of sound insulation and strength, but requires plastering and finishing. There is also no consensus on the environmental safety of such stoves due to the use of chemical gas generation processes in their production.
The easiest and fastest installation design - metal frame with plasterboard lining. Soundproofing is far from it. the best option, but its main problem is low strength. It is quite difficult to hang something on drywall - this usually forces you to refuse it. To reinforce structures, a substrate is usually made of plywood, chipboard or ordinary wooden blocks.
Tongue-and-groove gypsum blocks 900 x 300 x 80 mm are leading in popularity. The decisive role was played by mechanical strength, a flat surface and speed of installation. Experts consider tongue-and-groove blocks to be the best option for a partition.

Do-it-yourself device features

Self-assembly of partitions has features that depend on the type chosen. A few important points to consider when installing masonry structures:

For all types, construction starts from markup. This is a crucial stage, on which the evenness of installation and the reliability of the structure depend.
Masonry blocks at the walls should be at least a row fasten to the wall with a bracket(with a corner from the profile), and reinforce the masonry of the brick partition with a reinforcing bar with a diameter of 4–6 mm. Each block must be attached to the ceiling.
In the corners, the plates should be laid so that they overlapped the joints of the lower rows. The outer corners of the structure must be reinforced with a perforated PU 25x25 profile, and the inner corners with a sickle and puttied.
Each subsequent slab is installed with offset vertical joint by at least 10 cm.
In the process of laying tongue-and-groove gypsum blocks or blocks of cellular concrete, the verticality and horizontality of each exposed block should be checked with a level. Deviations should not exceed 2 mm.
When installing a double partition, the distance between the blocks in thickness is at least 40 mm. With an opening width of up to 90 cm, its docking can be done without reinforcement, if more, then the length of the lintel beam on each side is at least 500 mm.

Interior partitions in the interior

Designers offer interesting solutions for premises of different purposes.

Partition screens

Solving two problems at the same time zoning and acoustics. They create an isolated space for each employee in a large open office where acoustic screens are installed on the tables. Thus, each employee gets the opportunity to communicate with a visitor or verbally communicate on the Internet.

Examples of successful use of screens include the central office of the New York City Hall or workplaces of stockbrokers.

Partitions-racks

Usually used in small apartments. Shelves not only divide the apartment into zones, but also decorate the interior. In very cramped apartments, the lower part of the shelves is closed, and the upper part is open so that you can store things and unload the room as much as possible.

Decorated partitions

Decoration gives the partitions an aesthetically perfect look. You can try to make decor yourself, order from a specialist or buy a ready-made decorated system. If you have no experience and creative talents, you should not deal with decor on your own - art does not tolerate amateurs.

Sliding partitions

They allow you to save space and effectively divide the space into several zones. They are original, modern, have different design options: mobile walls, suspended structures, "accordion" partitions, folding glass office walls, sliding interior doors etc.

Interior partition-fireplace

A fireplace in an apartment is a symbol of warmth and comfort, and interior systems in the form of fireplaces will be an elegant space solution. This option is often used for large spaces where the fireplace can be suspended from the ceiling, placed in the center of the room, or arranged as a raised fireplace without a chimney and redevelopment.

Rotary partitions

Swivel systems are usually made of wood or a combination of several materials. They can be deaf or transparent, they are easy to fit into the interior and enhance its aesthetic content. They work like blinds: the partition panels rotate 90 degrees and let in light or block off part of the room.

Using original and functional partitions, you can independently give sophistication and comfort to a home that is modest in size and layout.

Apartment renovation is often accompanied by redevelopment of premises. Interior partitions are built from various materials: brick, drywall, cellular concrete blocks, wood, glass, polycarbonate, various plates and others. They differ in their performance characteristics. The choice of option for the house depends both on the required functional indicators of the constructed partitions, and on their decorative appearance, the complexity of installation. Also important point often is the affordability of the material, the ability to work with it with your own hands. In practice, they also use a combination to achieve an original, unique decorative design housing interior.

Purpose of partitions between rooms

During capital repair work in a private house or apartment, the question may arise of displacing existing interior partitions or building new ones. The problem is also relevant in new buildings with a free layout.

Interior walls are presented a large number variety of ways to create them. Creating new rooms, or resizing existing ones, should be done in such a way as to ensure the maximum level of comfort. The main obstacle in the way of construction may be the question of the choice of material, the correct construction of the intended structure from it.

Interior partitions should:

to maximize the space of the room;
be durable to withstand the load from hanging shelves, paintings, cabinets;
provide good sound insulation;
if possible, have an attractive decorative appearance;
give residents the opportunity for privacy and comfortable pastime;
divide the house into functional areas: a kitchen, a toilet with a bath (shower), a hall, an entrance hall, a bedroom.

The best option that meets the first requirement are partitions with a small wall thickness. But they often do not meet the other criteria.

In internal partitions with niches or openings, aquariums are installed, various household appliances. And when furniture serves as walls, then at the same time the interior space of the house is divided into regions, clothes, books, dishes and other things that are rarely used are distributed.

Proper construction of partitions solves a number of important tasks related to the organization of comfortable living for the inhabitants of the apartment. At the same time, you can decorate your home in this way.

Basic installation rules

It is possible to build walls inside the house with your own hands or with the help of attracted workers, but there are a number of restrictions that must be taken into account. The rules are as follows:

it is forbidden to increase the size of bathrooms (toilets), kitchens, reducing the living space, and vice versa;
it is impossible to equip a bathroom in a multi-storey building if it is located below kitchen room neighbors;
it is also unacceptable to divide a room into several parts if there is only one source natural light(window);
when a gas stove is installed in the kitchen, it cannot be combined with a living room;
it is strictly forbidden to move or demolish load-bearing structures, because it is dangerous for the entire building;
it is allowed to erect heavy interior partitions only on a solid foundation; in such cases, it is first necessary to calculate the loads acting on the floor.

With walls made of lightweight materials (aerated concrete, or built using a frame), everything is simpler: they are built everywhere without problems.

Internal redevelopment of the house will require an appeal to the appropriate authorities (BTI). The device of interroom partitions must necessarily comply with the above requirements. This issue affects the comfort of neighbors, the integrity of the structure, personal safety.

Materials for interior walls

If there is a question about what to make an interior partition from, then there is no definite answer. The modern construction market offers customers an extensive range. Each material is good in its own way. Before buying any, you should study its features. Only after that - to decide from what it is better to make wall structures in a particular case. Monolithic concrete partitions are created at the construction stage as bearing walls.

Brick

Brick room dividers are the standard way of building. To build such a structure, you need to have special skills and knowledge. But this option is optimal in terms of sound insulation, degree of strength.

Brick is a heavy material due to its high density. For the construction, the following varieties of it are used in composition:

ceramic;
clinker;
silicate.

According to the release form, the following types are used:

whole;
hollow.

The advantage of brick walls is their high strength, resistance to damage, which allows you to hang heavy, massive cabinets, paintings, and other items. But for bases made from hollow varieties, you will need to use reinforced fasteners.

Masonry is usually taken out in half a brick. Its thickness does not exceed 160 mm. To build a structure, it is imperative to take into account its future weight, the load on the base.

Using a brick with voids inside, you can make more light wall: reduce its weight by about 30%. But the level of sound insulation will be less than when using solid bricks.

Masonry is done "for jointing" or for further plastering, decorative finishes. The first option is itself a design method, but it places high demands on the skills of the builder, the quality of the work.

Using brick as a material for partitions in an apartment or house is an expensive option for their construction. Both the material and the work of laying it have a high price. Further plastering also affects it. The construction process itself brickwork is labor intensive and time consuming. But brick walls and partitions are durable and strong.

Cellular concrete

Interior walls in new buildings are often built from gas and foam blocks. These materials are easy to process: you can simply cut out an arch in them, mount a door frame.

The resulting design is lightweight. Its thermal insulation characteristics are better than those of a brick, and sound insulation and especially strength are inferior to the latter. .

Work with cellular concrete is faster and at the same time less labor than during the construction of masonry.

Plates

Considering various options, you should pay attention to the types of partitions made of gypsum tongue-and-groove plates. Building from such blocks is reminiscent of a lesson with a designer: due to the presence of grooves and protrusions (ridges), the structural elements fit together perfectly.

Grooved slabs have the following advantages:

easy to process;
has good heat and noise insulation characteristics;
has a relatively small mass;
ease of installation, greater strength of the erected structure compared to the construction of a foam or gas block;
the presence of voids makes it easy to lay internal communications.

The plates have relatively low strength, are not moisture resistant, require the use of special gypsum-based glue for installation.

Glass, blocks from it

Glass is used to create sliding partitions or stationary panels. The dimensions of the partitions themselves are insignificant in thickness, but other significant characteristics suffer.

The use of glass blocks (luxfer) for the construction makes it possible to emphasize the style of the room, get interesting light and decorative effects.

Glass and luxfers are distinguished by a high price. They are used relatively rarely, because from the point of view of practicality, this is not the best solution.

Drywall

Often they do it in an apartment or house. At the same time, the sheets are fixed to a pre-created frame, inside which sound and heat insulating material is laid.

The use of drywall is characterized by ease of installation, the ability to create partitions different shapes. In rooms with a high content of water vapor in the air, moisture-resistant varieties of GCR are used.

Subject to the technology of installation work, the construction created from drywall is characterized by low weight and has sufficient strength and reliability.

Other materials for the construction of interior walls

In addition to the options considered, quite often in practice other materials are used to build walls inside a house or apartment. Among them are the following:

expanded clay concrete blocks, close in their properties to brick, but less durable;
polycarbonate;
sandwich panels.

Often it is from wood that frame partitions are made in a house from a bar. It fits perfectly into the interior and does not require further finishing. Sandwich panels are used in prefabricated structures. They are covered with aluminum sheets on the outside.

Before that, it is necessary to choose a suitable material for the existing operating conditions. The best option should be for personal budget.

brick - optimal solution if greater strength is required, sound insulation to the maximum, but it will be necessary to calculate the load on the ceiling;
interior walls from expanded clay in their characteristics are close to brick;
it is better to make partitions from cellular concrete, if necessary, insulate rooms and avoid significant loads on the base;
frames sheathed with boards or plasterboard sheets can be built quickly and get a fairly good level of heat and sound insulation, a decorative look, while this is the easiest option;
lumber structures are appropriate mainly in wooden houses;
can be selected if you want to make partitions that create various optical effects.

High-quality brickwork does not require further finishing. This is a centuries-old option that has a decorative look. If you need to save money, keep in mind that the cheapest internal partitions are made of drywall.

Materials for creating interior partitions are characterized by various soundproofing indicators. After erection, protection from extraneous noise and vibration may be required. It is important to carry out the work correctly to improve personal comfort.

First of all bedrooms, children's rooms. To do this, increase the thickness of the interior walls, or cover them with a material with good soundproofing properties.

Mineral wool insulated structures have at the same time a good level of sound insulation. This is the typical way. The material is laid both outside and fill voids with it. In the first case, the thickness of the partition will increase, the space of the room will decrease.

A single, specific case requires individual approach. When choosing what to make partitions in an apartment from, you should think in advance about the soundproofing qualities of the purchased material. The correct selection according to this indicator will reduce the final costs, reduce the work.

Recommendations on what partitions between rooms can be built from are given in the following video.

Various wall design projects in the apartment are presented further in the video.

Instructions on how to make a partition in the room yourself from drywall contains the video below.

Different types of interior partitions require different approaches to installation, temporary and cash costs for your construction. Their functional performance is due to the properties of the materials from which they are built. The final decision when choosing an option should be made based on your own conditions and financial capabilities. If the strength of the foundation allows, then brickwork is very practical.

There are many designs of interior partitions, they can be used regardless of the materials from which the house is built. It is important to make partitions technologically correct and ensure that they meet exactly the requirements that are necessary for certain premises.

Among the vertical structures inside the house, load-bearing walls and partitions are distinguished. The first ones are supported by ceilings and roof structures, they themselves must be based on the foundation, and on the second floor - on the underlying wall. The position of the load-bearing walls on the plan of the house is rigidly fixed.

Interior partitions are not load-bearing structures. They only divide into separate rooms the interior space of the house, limited by the main walls. Therefore, they can be made both from heavy massive materials (for example, bricks) and from light ones (for example, drywall, wood). Sound insulation, environmental friendliness, aesthetics, and the possibility of redevelopment of space depend on the material and quality of the partitions.

Requirements for interior partitions

All interior partitions in the house must:

be strong and stable so as not to pose a danger to residents;
withstand the required service life, in some cases equal to the life of the house itself;
do not have cracks on the surface and at the junction with other structures (so as not to become a haven for insects, rodents and moisture storage).

In addition, there are special requirements:

for partitions of bathrooms and laundry rooms, resistance to moisture and steam is important. It is desirable to make them from waterproof materials, but the main thing is to prevent moisture from entering the structure. This problem is solved by facing made of waterproof material;
for partitions of the second floors and attics in houses with ceilings along wooden beams low weight is important, since they can withstand less load than reinforced concrete;
if you need to illuminate the room in the back of the house, then it is better to use a translucent partition - made of glass blocks or structures with glass inserts;
for laying utilities (electrical wiring, chimneys, water pipes etc.) a stationary partition of increased thickness is suitable;
partition separating zones with different temperature regime, must be massive and guarantee high thermal insulation.

In most cases, the systems must provide soundproofing of the premises. Massive structures cope well with this task, and in light partitions, soundproofing material is used for this purpose between the skins.

Sound protection level

Airborne sound insulation index for interior partitions between rooms, a room and a kitchen, a room and a bathroom according to regulatory requirements must be at least 43 dB. The higher this indicator, the better design prevents the spread of household noise - from spoken language, radio, TV. However, it does not take into account the isolation of low-frequency sounds of a home theater or working engineering equipment (ventilation, pumping). With equal indices of airborne sound insulation, a massive partition retains low-frequency sounds much better than a light frame one. It is also important to consider that openings in the partition (for example, slots in doorway) significantly reduce the level of sound insulation. There are many nuances in matters of acoustics, and if for some reason it is important to perfectly soundproof the room, you should contact an acoustic engineer.

Traditional types of interior partitions provide a comfortable level of sound insulation. Structures made of massive and at the same time porous materials - ceramics, aerated concrete, gypsum concrete, shell rock - absorb and reflect sounds of any frequency well. Such partitions with a thickness of about 10 cm provide an acoustic insulation index of 35-40 dB, 15 cm thick - up to 50 dB. In order to, if necessary, improve the sound insulation of systems made of these materials, arrange an air gap between two rows of masonry or additionally line the wall with drywall.

Multi-layer constructions are also effective, in which external hard layers that reflect sound (for example, drywall sheets) are combined with soft layers that absorb it. In frame partitions, mats or slabs of basalt fiber are used as soft layers, which are laid between the cladding. At the same time, the level of sound insulation of frame systems is the higher, the greater the mass and rigidity of the lining layers, the wider the gap between them and the better the insulating properties of the soft material. Therefore, noise absorption will significantly improve the use of a double layer of lining and special sound-, rather than heat-insulating materials.

To achieve the same soundproofing effect, sometimes you have to choose between thick monolithic and narrow multilayer partitions. The latter is able to save usable space at home.

	The places where the frames are attached to rigid structures, as well as the points of connection with the floor and ceiling, must be insulated with elastic gaskets.
	As a middle layer, a material with a thickness of 100 mm or more is used (fiberglass, mineral wool, cellulose insulation), for sheathing - GKL or GVL (12 mm)
	Taking care of safety, electrical cables are laid in, and the freon tubes of the air conditioner are thermally insulated

The massive ones include partitions made of ceramic materials, shell rock, aerated concrete, silicate brick.

Application area

Such structures are used in houses made of appropriate materials with reinforced concrete floors. Aerated concrete partitions are undesirable for use in rooms with high humidity.

Materials and designs

Brick partitions are made of building ceramic or silicate bricks of at least M25 grade. The sufficient thickness of a single-layer system is 12 cm (half-brick), if the partition is small - 6.5 cm (made of brick laid on the edge). To improve sound insulation, structures can be made three-layered - mineral wool (5 cm) is placed between two walls 6.5 cm thick or an air gap is left.

If ventilation ducts or pipelines are hidden in a brick partition (or part of it), its thickness reaches 38 cm. Such systems are already too heavy to be installed on the ceiling. On the first floor, they are supported on the foundation, on the second - on the wall of the lower floor. The traditional finish of a brick partition is 1-2 cm plaster.

In a house of ceramic blocks, partitions can be partially or completely made of the same material, namely from one layer of blocks 10-12 cm thick. For aerated concrete structures, blocks 8-12 cm thick are used in one layer. Partitions made of these materials are lighter than brick ones, they are beneficial to use if it is necessary to reduce the load on the floor, in addition, they are easier to finish.

Installation

The installation of massive partitions begins after the installation of the supporting structures of the building. The base is leveled with a cement-sand mortar. To ensure accuracy when laying corners, a wooden (from shields) or metal template is used, the verticality of the masonry is checked with a plumb line. To connect the partitions with the walls, when laying the latter, grooves (strobes) 5-6 cm deep are left at the junction of the partitions. Bricks are inserted into them during the installation of the system. If the grooves are not left, the partition and the wall are connected with metal rods. Wooden wedges are hammered into the gap between the top of the partition and the ceiling, the gap is filled with gypsum mortar.

At the same time, the peculiarity of the installation of structures made of ceramic blocks and aerated concrete is that large and exact dimensions blocks allow the mason to work without templates. To ensure smooth lines, wooden slats are fixed on the floor and on the wall at the junction of the partition, along which blocks are laid out.

Zones of control

When constructing partitions made of aerated concrete, they are placed at their base waterproofing material(two layers of roofing material).
If the length of a 12 cm thick brick partition exceeds 5 m or the height is more than 3 m, then the masonry is reinforced with mesh or wire rods, laying them in the mortar every 4-5 rows, and tying the ends of the reinforcement to the vertical and horizontal load-bearing structures of the building. Brick partitions 6.5 cm thick are reinforced at any length and thickness.
Aerated concrete blocks and ceramic blocks must be cut to ensure the dressing of the seams (two vertical seams should not be on top of each other).

On the basis of gypsum and various fillers, prefabricated large-sized slabs are produced for partitions.

Application area

Structures made of gypsum concrete slabs are used in houses with reinforced concrete and wooden floors. For rooms with high humidity, moisture-resistant plates treated with a water repellent are used.

Material and design

Gypsum concrete slabs can have dimensions of 30-50 x 80-125 cm and a thickness of 6, 8, 10 cm. Usually, grooves and protrusions are made along the edges of the slab, which ensure quick and durable assembly. The material is easy to cut and ditch for laying engineering communications in it. Partitions made of gypsum concrete are three times lighter than brick ones, they have a smooth and even surface. The thickness of the structure from one layer of plates is 6-10 cm. If it is necessary to improve the sound insulation of the room or lay pipelines in the partition, it is made double.

Installation

The system is installed on a ceiling leveled with a cement-sand mortar, waterproofing made of roofing material is placed under the lower blocks. The template is made of two racks with a movable rail. The plates are installed on top of each other, as a rule, with the long side horizontal, with dressing of the seams. Gypsum mortar is used. Reinforcement is laid in horizontal seams and fixed in the walls that limit the partition. The gap between the ceiling and the partition is sealed with gypsum mortar. It is not necessary to plaster the plates, it is enough to putty.

Zones of control

Gypsum mortar should be prepared immediately before use, as it hardens quickly.
Metal rods that are laid between rows of plates must be treated with bituminous varnish.

General installation rules

In new buildings, before installing partitions, it is advisable to wait a few months after the erection of the supporting structures of the building so that they shrink.
Partitions are installed before the floor screed is made. Performing further screed or roughing wood flooring, between the floor and the wall of the partition, a gasket is made of soundproofing material 2 cm thick.
Installation of systems begins by marking their position with lines on the floor, walls and ceiling.
The structures are rigidly connected to the ceiling at the base and adjacent walls (or other partitions).

Video guide for the installation of partitions and non-load-bearing walls made of gypsum concrete slabs:

Basically, two types of partitions using wood are used - solid and frame.

Application area

Wooden partitions can be used in houses made of any materials, even without reinforcement. wooden floors, they are ideal for the second floors of buildings and attics. Structures made of this material are easy to disassemble, so they are appropriate if redevelopment is possible in the future. In rooms with high humidity, wooden partitions must be protected with a waterproof finish.

Materials and designs

Solid wooden partitions are made of vertically standing boards with a floor height length and a thickness of 4-6 cm. To improve sound insulation, the boards are installed in two rows, placing sound-proofing material or an air gap between them. The disadvantage of the design is the high material consumption and, accordingly, the cost, as well as the large weight compared to frame partitions. Systems based wooden frame made of racks - bars with a section of 50-60 x 90-100 mm and upper and lower straps (horizontal bars that frame the frame) of the same section. Soundproof boards are laid between the frame posts. Sheathing is made of lining, plywood, OSB or GKL. At a partition of two rows of a frame with an air gap separating them or with a two-layer sheathing, the sound insulation index increases significantly. This design has a thickness of 15-18 cm, engineering communications can be mounted inside.

Installation

At the base of the partition, a strapping beam is laid, which must firmly rest on the floor beams. The easiest way is to place it directly along the beam, and when placing the partition parallel or perpendicular to the beams, as well as diagonally, the beam is installed on a crossbar based on adjacent beams. To create a solid structure, two horizontal guides are fixed on the strapping, between which the boards are vertically installed, connecting them in the upper part with a fastening bar. When installing a frame partition, racks are placed on the strapping beam with a step of 40-60 cm (it is desirable that it matches the size of the cladding plates), combining them with an upper strapping. The frame elements are fastened together with nails or self-tapping screws, using metal corners. On the one hand, the sheathing is mounted, and then the space between the bars is filled with soundproofing. The frame structures are attached to the walls with metal crutches, to the sheathing - with self-tapping screws.

Zones of control

At the junction of the partition with adjacent structures, it is necessary to fix the metal mesh. This will prevent cracks from appearing.
In a wooden house, frame structures must be installed a year after the construction of the building (after its shrinkage). The distance between the top of the partition and the ceiling should be at least 10 cm. It is filled with tow and covered with triangular bars.

A special system for the installation of frame partitions made of (GCR), which provides for all the necessary elements, allows you to perform work especially quickly.

Application area

Lightweight GKL partitions can be used in houses of any design and materials and in any premises, even with high humidity (special moisture-resistant sheets are provided for such objects).

Materials and designs

The system includes metal frame profiles - horizontal guides and vertical rack-mounts (section 50-100 * 50 mm), as well as plasterboard sheathing 1.25 cm thick and 120 x 200-300 cm in size and soundproof material. They use structures with one-, two- and three-layer sheathing, as well as on a double metal frame (with space for utilities). The level of soundproofing of a partition depends on the number of sheathing sheets, the thickness of the inner soundproofing layer, and the presence of an air gap. Depending on this, the thickness of a partition with a single skin can be from 7.5-12.5 (single) to 17.5-22.5 cm (double), and with a double skin and an air gap - respectively more.

Installation

Structures are installed during finishing works before laying floor coverings, on a screed or overlap. A polyurethane or foam rubber soundproof tape is glued onto horizontal profiles, and they are fixed to the floor and ceiling with dowels and screws (in increments of about 1 m). Rack profiles are installed in increments of 30, 40 or 60 cm. The frame sheathing is fixed on one side with self-tapping screws, soundproofing material is laid between the profiles. Then mount the skin on the other side of the partition. Irregularities in the lining and screw heads are sealed with putty.

Zones of control

To improve sound insulation, partitions are mounted to the supporting structures of the ceiling and only then drywall is installed.
The seams between the GKL should be putty in two steps.
To protect against cracks, the joints of the GKL between themselves and adjacent structures should be puttied by laying a reinforcing tape.

This video guide clearly demonstrates all the stages of the construction of interior partitions from plasterboard sheets of small size (small format size):

To create partitions, glass blocks are produced, which are distinguished by a wide palette of colors, an assortment of surface textures and sizes.

Application area

Glass partitions are used so as not to block the access of natural light to the premises located in the back of the house.

Structures and materials

Glass blocks are hollow "bricks" with walls made of transparent or colored glass. Due to the presence of air inside, they have good soundproofing properties and transmit 50-80% of the light. As a rule, they are square in shape with dimensions of 19 x 19 cm or 24 x 24 cm and a thickness of 7.5 - 10 cm.

Installation

Glass blocks are laid at the stage of finishing the premises after the installation of the screed and plastering of the walls, but before performing the finishing floor and finishing the walls and ceiling. Glass blocks can be laid on cement screed. The process of laying them into the wall is similar to brickwork, but the seams are not dressed. The thickness of the seam is about 1 cm. A cement or cement-lime mortar is used, which is applied to the horizontal and vertical surface the block itself. From the point of view of aesthetics, high-quality jointing is required.

Zones of control

The adjunction of a partition made of glass blocks to the ceiling must necessarily be elastic, using cork gaskets, since glass is a fragile material, and the wall may crack when deformed.
It is better to lay glass blocks on white or colored cement, then the seams will look more aesthetic.

Prices

The final cost of a partition depends on many factors. Moisture-resistant and fire-resistant materials are more expensive than usual, the price increases the quantity and quality of finishes, frame and soundproofing material. The installation of a partition is 30-40% of the cost of the material, and its delivery and unloading, especially in the case of heavy materials, can be equivalent to their cost.

Interior partitions We will help you to re-plan the apartment to your taste. They do not belong to load-bearing structures, but only share the space of the apartment formed by the main walls. At the moment, there are several types of partitions, they can be made from any materials, regardless of what the house is built from. During redevelopment, the requirements that apply to each type of building should be taken into account. In this article, you will learn about the features of the self-construction of interior partitions and you can see detailed video instructions for working with brick, gypsum concrete, wood, drywall and glass.

What are the best interior partitions

6 conditions to consider before starting the construction of interior partitions

Partitions for attics, 2nd and 3rd floors should be light in weight.
In rooms with high humidity, the walls must be made of moisture-resistant materials, otherwise it is necessary to clad with a moisture-proof material.
If it is planned to carry out additional communications, the partition must be made thicker than usual.
The partition that separates heated and unheated rooms must be thermally insulated.
The glass partition will help to keep the natural light inside the room.
Finished structures must be strong, reliable and safe.

How to increase the sound insulation of interior partitions

The higher the noise insulation index, the better the partition prevents the spread of sounds from the TV, computer, and conversations. The isolation index between rooms in an apartment should be about 43 dB, but this does not include low-frequency noise that arises from industrial equipment. Monolithic walls, unlike frame walls, contain low-frequency sounds much better.

They perfectly absorb the noise of constructions made of shell rock, gas and gypsum concrete, and ceramic materials. An insulation index of up to 50 dB will provide partitions with a thickness of about 150 mm, and up to 40 dB will provide walls of about 100 mm.

Multi-layer constructions guarantee more high level insulation, therefore, often in frame structures, basalt slabs and mats are laid between the coating. The level of sound insulation in frame systems will be higher if the distance between the layers is increased, building materials with increased insulating properties are used, and the weight and rigidity of the cladding are also increased.

A narrow partition with several layers has a more complex design, but at the same time it saves space. A massive monolithic partition will provide exactly the same soundproofing effect as a narrow one, but will significantly reduce the area of the room.

To ensure good sound insulation, do not forget to isolate the junctions of the partition with the floor and ceiling with gaskets. For sheathing, you can use gypsum fiber (12 mm), and as a middle layer - mineral wool or fiberglass. Electrical cables are hidden in corrugated pipes, and pipes from the air conditioner are recommended to be insulated.

Interior walls made of shell rock, bricks, aerated concrete are often installed in houses with reinforced concrete floors. Thickness brick wall can be 12 cm or 6.5 cm. In the latter case, it is recommended to make additional layers of mineral wool, about 5 cm thick on both sides for sound and heat insulation. Quite often, pipelines are hidden in a brick partition, so it has a thickness of about 40 cm. Exterior decoration is carried out with plaster.

If the building structure is made of aerated concrete, make partitions up to 12 cm thick from the same material. Interior walls are made of ceramic blocks of approximately the same thickness as aerated concrete. These building materials are lighter than brick, so it is beneficial to use them in cases where it is necessary to reduce the load on the ceiling.

The installation of such partitions is carried out after the capital load-bearing walls have already been erected in the building.

Level the subfloor with cement mortar.
Start masonry from the corners and constantly check with a level its verticality.
In places where the partition is attached to the wall, grooves up to 6 cm must be left.
Between the ceiling and the top of the erected structure, drive in wooden wedges, and then fill the gap with mortar.

Due to the fact that the blocks of massive materials are even, it is convenient to work with them even for a beginner. To make the masonry lines even, fasten wooden slats to the floor and wall. If you are working with aerated concrete, do not forget about waterproofing, which must be laid at the base. It is recommended to reinforce brick partitions for any size; when working with other materials, it is worth reinforcing if the wall is high or thick.

Today in the construction market you can find quite a lot of materials based on gypsum. It is recommended to make walls out of them in buildings with floors made of wood or reinforced concrete. Materials are treated with a water repellent if the room has high humidity.

Gypsum concrete partitions are much lighter than brick partitions and have a smooth surface. Gypsum concrete slabs are suitable for laying household communications, as this building material is easily cut. The thickness of the finished gypsum concrete partition is from 6 to 10 cm, depending on the dimensions of the source material. To increase sound insulation, make a double partition.

Installation of gypsum concrete partitions

Mark up the installation of partitions.
A roofing material is laid under the bottom row of gypsum concrete blocks, and then the entire system is installed on a cement mortar.
The reinforcing mesh is laid in horizontal seams, while fixing it in the bearing walls.
All gaps are sealed with gypsum mortar.
The erected walls are plastered.

Keep in mind that gypsum mortar hardens quickly, so do not prepare it in advance. If non-load-bearing walls are being made in a new building, then you need to wait 4 to 12 weeks after construction finished construction to keep the walls from cracking. In new buildings, interior walls must be installed before the floor screed. Before installation, do not forget to make marks in all planes so that the finished wall is smooth.
Watch the video: Interior partitions from Knauf gypsum boards

Partitions made of wood are solid or frame, suitable for attics, 2nd and 3rd floors of the house. You can install such walls in buildings from any building materials. The advantage of wood systems is that in the future it is convenient to disassemble and redevelop them.

Monolithic wooden walls are made of floor-to-ceiling boards. To make good sound insulation, you need to install boards in 2 rows, and lay insulation between them. Such a system has significant drawbacks - a lot of weight and consumption of materials.

If you want the amount of materials spent to be minimal in the manufacture of an interior partition from boards and beams, make a design frame type. The basis of the frame is made of bars, from which racks and strapping are made. Sheathing is made of lining or chipboard. The thickness of the finished structure will be about 17-18 cm, so additional communications can be placed in the middle.

The strapping beam is laid at the base.
The beam is installed on the beam and on the crossbar.
If the partition is solid, horizontal guides must be fixed on the strapping, and boards between them.
If the structure is frame, you need to install racks every 400-600 mm. All elements of the frame are fastened with self-tapping screws and metal corners.
Fill the distance between the bars with materials for soundproofing.

To prevent cracks from appearing over time, a metal mesh is fixed at the joints. The gap between the ceiling and the upper part of the structure should be about 100 mm or more. Fill it with coarse fiber and triangular bars.

The manufacture of GKL partitions is ideal for beginners and those wishing to redevelop in short time. Drywall is suitable for building walls in houses made of different materials, as well as in buildings with high humidity.

The frame system, in addition to drywall, includes metal profiles and sound insulation. Sheathing can be single, double, and also double with an air gap.

The system is installed on the screed or ceiling before the flooring is laid.
For soundproofing, stick soundproofing tape on the profiles.
Attach horizontal profiles to the floor and ceiling.
Lay the soundproofing between the metal profiles.
Seal all defects and protruding screws with putty.

To protect the joints from cracking, lay a reinforcing mesh and putty.
Watch the video: DIY drywall partition

Glass blocks today are presented on the market in different sizes, colors and surface reliefs. Most often, these designs are used in order not to reduce the amount of natural light in the room or to make additional light.

In appearance, glass blocks are similar to square bricks with glass walls. There is air inside the blocks, so they let in about 60-70% of the light and have good sound insulation. The dimensions of the edge of the bricks are most often 190 or 240 mm.

Unlike all previous types of interior partitions, glass partitions are laid after the floor screed, at the stage of finishing, but before finishing. Glass blocks are laid on the principle of brickwork on a cement screed. The thickness of the seams is about 10 mm. Do not forget to beautifully embroider the seams so that the partition looks aesthetically attractive.

Since glass is a fragile material, use cork spacers to protect the structure from cracking. We recommend using colored or white cement when laying the blocks.

The cost of installing an interior partition is up to 50% of the price of the material. Following the instructions from the photo and video, you can do the redevelopment yourself. The erection of partitions good way changes in the layout of the living space. Now the pantry area is easy to use to expand the hallway or room, and one-room apartment can be divided into two parts. Using different materials and, you can make a partition with a thickness of 6.5 to 20 cm, while the structures can be both monolithic and sliding.

The space of any apartment and private house consists of separate functional volumes - living rooms and auxiliary premises - a kitchen, a bathroom and a pantry.

To create them, partitions are required - wall structures of various configurations. They are usually built simultaneously with the construction of the outer walls.

However, during the reconstruction of premises, it is very often necessary to change the internal layout. This task cannot be solved without dismantling the old and installing new partitions. Therefore, it is necessary to consider in more detail the question of what the partition can be made of so that it is durable, absorbs noise well and looks aesthetically pleasing.

Materials and designs of wall partitions

Main building material red brick served for partitions for a long time. The construction of it turned out to be strong and rigid, however, it was imperfect in terms of its heat and sound insulating qualities.

In addition, the laying of small-sized bricks is very laborious and impossible without experience and practical skills. Big weight brickwork requires a solid concrete foundation or a strong foundation in the form of reinforced concrete slab overlap.

Gradually, brick in partition structures began to be replaced with lighter ones made of gypsum. They have a large surface area and a locking system of joints, so they are assembled several times faster than brickwork.

High sound permeability - a significant drawback of all gypsum boards had to be eliminated using sound-absorbing plaster or sheet materials fibrous structure.

Today, in addition to brick and gypsum boards, blocks of foam and aerated concrete, polycarbonate, drywall, chipboard and plywood are used for the construction of partitions. The expediency of using each specific material is determined depending on the properties that the partition should have.

Gas silicate and foam concrete blocks

If you need high thermal insulation and strength, then the partition is best made in one piece. For this, they are optimally suited.

It can also be used for this work, but it gets off worse with plasters, because it has a closed cell structure.

Manufacturers of cellular concrete today produce blocks with a thickness of 10 to 15 cm, specially designed for the installation of light interior partitions.

It should be noted that expanded clay concrete blocks are also used in partition structures. However, they are almost twice as heavy as aerated concrete and isolate noise worse.

When building a partition from gypsum boards, expanded clay blocks, gas or foam concrete, special attention must be paid to the quality of fastening to the base and ceiling of the first and last rows of masonry. In addition, at the joints with the floor, ceiling and walls, it is necessary to lay a tape of fibrous soundproofing material in order to cut off structural noise from the partition.

Blocks are laid with dressing of seams in height. This guarantees the solidity and strength of the structure.

Frame partitions

It is possible to quickly and efficiently build interior partitions using frame technology. Its basis is usually a light steel profile, and drywall is used as a cladding.

You can reduce the cost of such a design by buying instead of a steel profile wooden bars. It is necessary to choose only the most even and well-dried wood, without defects in the form of falling knots, blue and slant. Otherwise, the wooden frame will be deformed and cracks will appear on the surface of the drywall.

An important advantage of frame partitions is the ease of insulation and thermal insulation. In the internal space of such structures, you can place any type of insulation (mineral wool, ecowool, foam plastic, sawdust or shavings).

When choosing foam, remember that it retains heat well, but is not an effective sound insulator. Therefore, to reduce the noise level, use fibrous materials in partitions - ecowool or mineral wool.

In addition to drywall sheets for sheathing the frame, you can purchase more durable materials - plywood or chipboard. Possessing high rigidity and low weight, they are inferior to drywall in terms of ease of finishing.

For application on such surfaces, you need to use a fiberglass mesh, and when pasting with wallpaper - high-quality adhesives.

Polycarbonate

In order to make the walls in the house transparent for sunlight You can use polycarbonate. Unlike ordinary glass, this material is safe and lightweight.

Polycarbonate partitions are easy to assemble and durable in operation. In addition, sheets of honeycomb structure retain heat well and have soundproofing qualities. They are ideal for creating sliding structures with which you can transform the interior space of the room.

A wide range of colors and aesthetic appearance of polycarbonate sheet makes it the basic material for decorating interiors in the most modern style. Polycarbonate partition made of aluminum profiles can have any shape, so it naturally fits into the most complex layout.

Sandwich panels

These structures are usually used to install partitions in prefabricated buildings with a steel supporting frame. The outer surfaces of the "sandwich" are made of galvanized painted steel, placing inside a foam or polyurethane foam insulation 8-10 cm thick.

IN residential buildings, which build on the so-called " Canadian technology", put ready-made sandwich partitions made of OSB boards, inside of which there is a polystyrene foam insulation.

Despite the good energy saving performance, the environmental friendliness of such structures, especially when installed inside residential premises, still causes a lot of heated discussions.

Partitions made of wood

Here you need to highlight the frame structures and solid wood partitions. The best place for their installation - premises in a house made of timber or rounded logs. Here wooden structure will be appropriate and aesthetic even without additional external decor.

For sheathing a wooden frame, you can use a lining or blockhouse, selecting material for the main finish of the load-bearing walls. Sheathing process frame structure is not difficult even for beginners, since all facing molded wood products have tongue-and-groove joints.

To eliminate the risk of wood warping, the choice of material must be taken responsibly, choosing products not of natural moisture, but chamber drying and high grade (not lower than the first). When assembling such a partition, use special clamps, and not self-tapping screws, which spoil the appearance of the surface.

Before starting the assembly, do not forget to process the frame bars and the entire facing material with a special composition that will protect it from fire and dampness.

The construction of internal partitions from timber does not have fundamental differences from chopped walls. It is best to use profiled material for this work. It is very tightly connected into a common array and does not warp as much as wood without tongue-and-groove cutting of the docking planes.

At the area of contact of the beam with the outer wooden wall mounting steel plates must be used. They will increase the spatial rigidity of the entire structure and will not spoil appearance, since they will be hidden between the bars in a layer of fibrous sealant.

Make a cut into an existing wooden wall in the built house is impractical. This will significantly complicate the work and reduce the energy-saving characteristics of the external fence.