aluminum structures. GOST requirements for aluminum doors Doors made of aluminum alloys
INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION
INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION. METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION
INTERSTATE
STANDARD
DOOR BLOCKS FROM ALUMINUM ALLOYS
General specifications
(EN 14351-1:2006, NEQ)
(EN 1191:2012, NEQ)
(EN 1192:1999, NEQ)
Official edition
Stand rtinform 2015
Foreword
The goals, basic principles and basic procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are established by GOST 1.0-92 “Interstate standardization system. Basic Provisions” and GOST 1.2-2009 “Interstate Standardization System. Interstate standards, rules and recommendations for interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, application, updating and cancellation "
About the standard
1 DEVELOPED BY A PRIVATE INSTITUTION - Certification Center for Window and Door Equipment (CSODT)
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
3 ADOPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (minutes dated December 05, 2014 No 46-2014)
4 By order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated December 12, 2014 N9 2037-st, the interstate standard GOST 23747-2014 was put into effect as a national standard Russian Federation from 01 July 2015
5 This standard takes into account the main regulatory provisions of the following European regional standards:
EN 14351-1:2006+A1:2010 Windows and doors. Product standard, performance characteristics -Windows and external pedestrian doorsets without resistance to fire and/or smoke leakage characteristics
EN 1191:2012 Windows and doors - Resistance to repeated opening and dosing - Testmethod
EN 1192:1999 Doors - Classification of strength requirements
Translation from in English(ep).
Degree of compliance - non-equivalent (NEO)
6 INSTEAD OF GOST 23747-88
Information about changes to this standard is published in the annual information index "National Standards". and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly information index "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this standard, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly information index "National Standards". Relevant information. notification and texts are also placed in the information system common use- on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet
€> Standard and form. 2015
In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication without the permission of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology II
INTERSTATE STANDARD
DOOR BLOCKS FROM ALUMINUM ALLOYS Specifications Door blocks of aluminum profiles. Specifications
Introduction date - 2015-07-01
1 area of use
This standard applies to door blocks from aluminum profiles with canvases of a frame structure (hereinafter referred to as door blocks) for buildings and structures for various purposes.
The scope of specific types of door blocks is set depending on the operating conditions in accordance with the current building codes and rules, taking into account the requirements of this standard.
This standard does not apply to balcony door blocks, as well as to special-purpose door blocks in terms of additional requirements for fire safety etc. This standard can be applied for the purposes of product certification.
2 Normative references
This standard provides normative references to the following interstate standards:
GOST 9.301-86 Unified system of protection against corrosion and aging. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements
GOST 111-2001* Sheet glass. Specifications
GOST 166-89 (ISO 3599-76) Calipers. Specifications
GOST 427-75 Measuring metal rulers. Specifications
GOST 538-2014 Lock and hardware products. General specifications
GOST 5089-2011 Locks, latches, cylinder mechanisms. Specifications
GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Specifications
GOST 8026-92 Calibration rulers. Specifications
GOST 9416-83 Building levels. Specifications
GOST 10354-82 Polyethylene film. Specifications
GOST 22233-2001 Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for light-transparent enclosing structures. Specifications
GOST 24866-99 Glued double-glazed windows for building purposes. Specifications GOST 26433.0-85 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Rules for performing measurements. General provisions
GOST 26433.1-89 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Rules for performing measurements. Prefabricated elements
GOST 26602.1-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining the resistance to heat transfer
GOST 26602.2-99 Window and door blocks. Methods for determining air and water permeability
* On the territory of the Russian Federation, GOST R 54170-2010 “Colorless sheet glass. Specifications»
Official edition
GOST 26602.3-99 Window and door blocks. Method for determining sound insulation
GOST 30698-2000 Tempered building glass. Specifications
GOST 30777-2012 Turning, tilting, tilt-and-turn, sliding devices for window and balcony door blocks. Specifications
GOST 30778-2001 Gaskets sealing from elastomeric materials for window and door blocks. Specifications
GOST 30826-2001 Multilayer glass for building purposes. Specifications
GOST 30971-2012 Mounting seams for adjoining window blocks to wall openings. General specifications
GOST 31014-2002 Polyamide glass-filled profiles. Specifications
GOST 31462-2011 Window protective blocks. General specifications
GOST 31471-2011 Emergency door opening devices for evacuation and emergency exits. Specifications
Note - When logging this standard, it is advisable to check the effect of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and the metropolis on the Internet or according to the annual information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and for issues of the monthly information index "National Standards" for this year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this standard, you should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the reference is given to it applies to the extent that the reference is not affected.
3 Classification and conventions
3.1 Products are classified according to the following main features.
Purpose (classification feature No 1);
Type of door leaf filling (classification feature No 2);
A variant of a constructive solution (classification feature No 3);
Type of profile finishing (classification feature No 4);
Opening method (classification feature No 5).
3.1.1 By purpose (No 1), door blocks are divided into the following groups:
A - external entrances to buildings and structures:
B - internal, intended for operation inside the building, including entrances from staircases, e sliding and folding structures of partitions, terraces and other architectural solutions.
3.1.2 According to the type of filling of door panels (No 2), door blocks are divided into:
On glazed (with filling with double-glazed windows or various types sheet glass: patterned, tempered, laminated, reinforced and):
Deaf (filled with panels or other opaque materials);
Combined (with translucent filling of the upper part and deaf filling of the lower part of the canvas).
3.1.3 According to the design solution (No 3), door blocks are divided into:
On single-floor (left and right opening);
Double field with horizontal impost;
Burglary resistant:
With a transom (opening or not opening);
With a threshold (with fastening on mechanical links);
Without threshold, with closed frame box
3.1.4 According to the type of profile finishing (No. 4), door blocks are divided into door blocks:
Painted with lacquer or powder enamels;
With amodic oxide protective and decorative coatings:
3.1.5 According to the opening method (No 5), door blocks are divided into:
For swing;
Pendulum (carousel with rotation around its own axis);
Sliding;
Folding.
3.2 For door blocks, the following designations are accepted:
Purpose of the product:
DAN - external door block made of aluminum profiles (group A),
DAV - interior door block made of aluminum profiles (group B);
Type of door leaf filling:
G is deaf.
Oh - glazed.
Km - combined:
Design options:
P - with a threshold,
Bgr - no threshold.
F - with a transom.
On - single-field.
Dv - double.
Dvz - burglary resistant.
L - left opening.
Pr - right opening:
Door opening methods:
R - swing.
Ma - pendulum.
Rz - sliding.
Sk - folding.
Note - It is allowed to enter an additional letter designation after the designation of the door block for its intended purpose, specifying their purpose: K - apartment (for entering the apartment). T - tambour.
U - reinforced, etc.
3.3 The symbol of door blocks should include dimensions in height and width in millimeters.
Note - It is allowed to enter the width of the box in millimeters into the size designation.
3.4 For door blocks, the following structure is adopted symbol.
An example of a layer designation of an external door block made of aluminum profile, combined, single-leaf, right-hand version, without a threshold, hinged, 2100 mm high, 900 mm wide:
DAN Nm On Pr Bpr R 2100x900, GOST 23747-2014
The symbol of door blocks can be supplemented with data on strength classes for resistance to dynamic and other loads.
When drawing up a contract (order) for the manufacture (supply) of individual products, it is recommended to indicate the variant of the design solution, including a description of the design of the profiles and the filling of the door leaf, a drawing indicating the opening scheme, the type of door devices, as well as the requirements for appearance and other requirements as agreed between the manufacturer and the customer.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Door blocks must comply with the requirements of this standard, the standard sample and be manufactured according to the design and technological documentation of the manufacturer.
4.2 Design requirements
4.2.1 Door blocks are a single structure of frame elements assembled from aluminum profiles in accordance with GOST 22233 on corner fasteners using screw connections or two-component adhesive followed by a pressurization. It is possible to use a combined fastening method or other methods of assembling corner joints that meet the requirements given in Table 3 in terms of strength.
The design of door blocks can be with a threshold and without a threshold. Thresholds have a solid contour in the lower horizontal section and are attached using mechanical ties.
4.2.2 Thresholds are made of aluminum profiles with a corrosion-resistant coating and drainage holes for water drainage.
4.2.3 The height of the threshold should not be an obstacle to barrier-free passage. The recommended threshold height is no more than 20 mm.
4.2.4 Door units installed on escape routes can be single- and double-leaf, hinged, with mandatory opening in the course of evacuation.
For the unhindered leaving of buildings and premises, door blocks must be equipped with emergency door opening devices "Anti-panic" in accordance with GOST 31471. Door blocks for escape routes are not recommended to be equipped with thresholds.
4.2.5 Sliding and folding door blocks can be internal group B and external group A (for example, in private housing construction as doors to winter gardens, terraces and other architectural solutions). Pendulum door blocks of group A are recommended for installation as entrances for buildings with high traffic of people. These designs of door blocks can be fully glazed or with a deaf opaque part. Sliding and folding functions of door blocks are provided by appropriate devices in accordance with GOST 30777.
4.2.6 Door blocks of group A can be made in a wheel-resistant version using a multi-bar burglar-resistant locking system with class 4 locks in accordance with GOST 5089.
4.2.7 The design of the outer door blocks should include a system of functional holes for draining the cavity between the edges of the double-glazed window (panel) and profile folds.
4.2.8 Door units must be safe to operate and maintain. Safety conditions for the use of products various designs install in project documentation(for example, door blocks used in children's institutions must be glazed with tempered, laminated or other types of safety glass).
Door blocks of group A must be designed for operational loads in accordance with the current set of rules.
4.2.9 Installation of products should be carried out taking into account the requirements of GOST 30971.
General requirements for the installation of products are given in Appendix A.
4.3 Dimensions and tolerances
4.3.1 Nominal overall dimensions and architectural drawings of door blocks are set in the design working documentation (order, contract).
The nominal dimensions of product units, profile sections, profile combinations are set in the technical documentation for their manufacture.
4.3.2 The recommended dimensions of the door leafs are 900 mm wide. height 2300 mm. The mass of door blocks should not exceed 120 kg. The use of products with canvases of greater mass and dimensions should be confirmed by strength calculations. The largest dimensions of the door leafs, depending on the section modulus of the profiles, the opening scheme, the types of hinges used, the calculated wind loads (for group A doors), the mass of the glazing elements, should be given in the design documentation of the manufacturer.
4.3.3 Limit deviations of the nominal overall dimensions of the door blocks should not exceed +2.0; -1.0mm
4.3.4 Limit deviations of the nominal dimensions of the elements of door blocks, gaps under the overlay, dimensions of the location of door devices and hinges should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bgiven in Table 1.
Table 1 - Limit deviations In millimeters
|
Nominal dimensions |
Limit deviations |
|||
|
Inner box size |
The outer size of the canvases |
Overlay gap! |
Dimensions of the location of door devices, hinges and other dimensions |
|
|
Up to 1000 incl. | ||||
|
Se. 1000 to 2000 incl. | ||||
Notes:
1 The values of predetermined deviations are set for the temperature interval of the measurement 16 X-24 X.
2 The values of limit deviations of gap dimensions under the overlay are given for closed door leafs with installed sealing gaskets.
The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of rectangular canvases with an area of 1.5 m 2 or less should not exceed 2.0 mm. area over 1.5 m 2 - 3.0 mm.
4.3.5 The difference between the front surfaces in the corner and T-shaped joints of adjacent parts of boxes and sheets should not exceed 1.0 mm. Gaps in the places of corner and T-shaped joints of profiles should not exceed 0.5 mm.
4.3.6 The sagging of the door leaves in the assembled door block with a threshold should not exceed 1.5 mm by the height of the door block leaf.
4.3.7 The maximum deviation of the nominal size of the distance between the overlays of adjacent closed curtains (cloths and transoms) should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of the porch length.
4.3.8 The maximum deviation from the straightness of the edges of the details of the frame elements should not exceed 1.0 mm per 1 m of the length of the profile used
4.4 Characteristics
4.4.1 The main performance characteristics of door units are given in Table 2.
Table 2 - Operational characteristics of door blocks
|
Name of indicator |
Meaning indicator |
Note |
|
Reduced heat transfer resistance of door panels |
For troupes A, B |
|
|
blocks of combined and insulated profiles m g X / W. at least |
||
|
Soundproofing. dBA. at least | ||
|
Air permeability at A / *, \u003d 100 Pa. ml /(chm 2). no more |
For group A |
|
|
Reliability, opening-closing cycles, not less than: | ||
|
For swing blocks |
For group A |
|
|
Pendulum (carousel) door blocks | ||
|
Door blocks of group B. not less than Entrances to rooms inside buildings, including entrances to | ||
|
apartments, offices |
For group B |
|
|
Interroom hinged | ||
|
Sliding | ||
|
folding | ||
|
Notes: | ||
|
1 The value of the reduced heat transfer resistance is for reference only. Where necessary |
||
|
this indicator is confirmed by calculations or laboratory tests. For door blocks made of hollow profiles, heat transfer resistance may not be determined. |
||
|
2 For external door units, the water tightness limit according to GOST 26602.2 can be set as an indicator of water permeability. |
||
4.4.2 For door blocks of group A, the resistance to wind loads is determined in accordance with (1).
The wind load should include the following parameters:
Pressure change from 400 to 1800 Pa;
Changing the deflection of the bars from 1/150 to 1/300 of the length of the bar.
4.4.3 Door blocks must be resistant to static loads. Static loads and strength of welded fillet joints during tests according to scheme A (see Figure 2) are shown in Table 3.
When tested according to Scheme B, welded corner joints must withstand the effect of a load doubled.
table 3* Strength of welded fillet joints and static loads
4.4.4 Door units must withstand operational dynamic loads during opening (imitation of impact against a slope) and during closing by impact against a foreign object in the porch, created by a freely emitting load ( solid) shown in Table 4.
Table 4 - Dynamic loads created by a freely falling load
4.4.5 When determining the strength (reliability) of fastening the structure in openings and fastening (fixing) the filling of the door leaf, door blocks must withstand the impact loads created by the load (inelastic soft body) given in Table 5. The door panels are tested on both sides.
table 5 - Impact loads generated by a load (inelastic soft body)
4.4.6 When determining the penetration resistance of the structure and material of the leaf, door blocks must withstand the shock loads created by the load (solid body) given in Table 6.
Table 6 - Impact loads generated by a load (solid body)
4.4.7 Static load acting on movement elements (rollers, shutters, hinges, etc.) sliding doors, should be no more than 1000 N.
4.4.8 The static load acting on the upper corner (90 e) of the folded panels of folding door blocks should not exceed 1000 N.
4.4.9 Burglary-resistant door blocks of groups A and B must withstand static loads in the leaf plane of at least 1300 N and loads from impact by an inelastic soft body of at least 250 J.
4.4.10 It is recommended to establish the performance indicators of door blocks for a specific purpose in the design working documentation for the construction (reconstruction, repair) of buildings and confirm the results of tests at test centers accredited for their right to conduct them.
4.4.11 The force applied to the leaf of the door blocks of groups A and B when closing to the required compression of the sealing gaskets should not exceed 75 N. The force required to open the door leaf should not exceed 50 N (ergonomic requirements).
Note - When evaluating the opening and closing forces, it should be borne in mind that when testing group A doors, factors such as air pressure difference between rooms or sudden wind load, as well as the presence of built-in locking devices and door closing devices (closers) are not taken into account. These factors can lead to higher opening and closing loads. It should also be taken into account that for door blocks intended for the passage of people with disabilities, the opening force should not exceed 2.5 N.
4.4.12 Appearance of door blocks: color, gloss, permissible surface defects of aluminum profiles (risks, scratches, shrinkage cavities, etc.) must correspond to standard samples approved by the head of the manufacturer.
Differences in color, gloss and surface defects visible to the naked eye from a distance of 0.6-0.8 m under illumination of at least 300 lux are not allowed.
4.4.13 Materials and components used for the manufacture of door blocks must comply with the requirements of standards, specifications, technical certificates approved in in due course.
4.5 Requirements for aluminum profiles
4.5.1 For the manufacture of products, aluminum alloy profiles are used according to GOST 22233.
According to the type of section, aluminum profiles can be solid, hollow, combined
and filled with foam materials.
4.5.2 Thermal insulation inserts used in combined profiles must be made of glass-filled polyamide in accordance with GOST 31014.
Thermal insulation inserts can be filled with rigid foamed plastics (eg polyurethane foam) or other thermal insulation materials.
4.5.3 The connection of the thermal insulation insert with the aluminum profile must be strong, resistant to climatic influences and comply with GOST 22233.
4.5.4 Door blocks (including entrances to buildings) intended for operation in heated premises must be made of combined profiles. The durability of the combined profiles must be at least 40 conditional years.
4.5.5 The thickness of the anodic-oxide coating layer must be at least 20 µm, and the thickness of the polymer paintwork layer must be at least 60 µm.
4.5.6 The appearance of the coating must comply with GOST 9.301.
4.6 Requirements for filling door panels and sealing gaskets
4.6.1 Non-transparent filling of door block panels (panels) is recommended to be made of three-layer panels consisting of plastic or aluminum facing sheets filled with insulation or single-layer panels of foamed rigid polyvinyl chloride. The thickness of facing sheets must be at least 15 mm
As panels of canvases intended for interior door blocks, it is allowed to use sheet, roll or tile facing materials.
4.6.2 Constructive decisions attachment points for the details of filling the door leafs of lockable doors should exclude the possibility of their dismantling from the outside.
4.6.3 It is recommended to use the following types of reinforced glass as a translucent filling for canvases: strained glass according to GOST ZS696. laminated glass in accordance with GOST 30826. reinforced glass and glass with anti-shatter films in accordance with regulatory documents, double-glazed windows in accordance with GOST 24866. sheet glass in accordance with GOST 111, as well as special types of glass in accordance with regulatory documents (patterned, tinted, etc.).
The types of glass used should be specified in the working documentation for the construction (reconstruction, repair) of buildings and structures. The use of unstrengthened glass with height dimensions of more than 1250 mm. more than 650 mm wide and less than 4 mm thick is not allowed.
4.6.4 To increase the architectural expressiveness and strengthen the structure, slats (sashes) are installed in the frames of the door leafs. It is allowed to use double-glazed windows with an internal decorative frame or install decorative layouts on glue on the outer surfaces of the filling of the canvases.
4.6.5 The pinching depth of a double-glazed window (glass) or a panel in the profile folds, as well as the pinching depth with pants, are recommended within 14-18 mm.
4.6.6 Double-glazed windows (glasses) are installed in the fold of the sash or box on linings, excluding touching of the edges of the double-glazed window (glass) of the inner surfaces of the profile folds.
Depending on the functional purpose, the linings are divided into basic, supporting
and remote.
Base pads are used to align the bevels of the fold and are installed under the support and spacer pads. The width of the base pads must be equal to the width of the fold, and the length - not less than the length of the support and spacer pads. Support and spacer pads can combine the functions of the base pads.
Support pads are used to provide optimal conditions transferring the mass of the double-glazed window to the structure of the door block, spacers - to ensure the nominal dimensions of the gap between the edge of the double-glazed window and the fold of the sash.
The length of the support and distance pads should be from 80 to 100 mm. width - not less than 2 mm more than the thickness of the double-glazed window.
The distance from the lining to the corners should be 50-80 mm.
Requirements for the installation of opaque filling of canvases (panels) are set in the manufacturer's technical documentation, taking into account the mass and design of the door unit.
4.6.7 Linings are made of rigid weather-resistant polymer materials. The recommended value of the hardness of the support pads is 75-90 units. by Shore A.
4.6.8 The installation methods and (or) the design of the pads should exclude the possibility of their displacement during transportation and operation of the door blocks.
4.6.9 The design of the pads must not impede air circulation over the inner surface of the glazing seam.
4.6.10 The main layouts of the support and spacer pads during the installation of double-glazed windows, depending on the method of opening the door blocks, are shown in Figure 1. It is recommended to install no more than two support pads on any side of the double-glazed window. Warping of linings during installation is not allowed. In products with reinforced locking devices, it is recommended to install additional spacers in the locking points.
4.6.11 The sealing of the porches of the canvases and the installation of the filling of the canvases is carried out using sealing gaskets made of elastomeric materials in accordance with GOST 30778 or other regulatory documents.
4.6.12 Sealing gaskets for external door blocks must be resistant to climatic and atmospheric influences.
4.6.13 The sealing gaskets must fit tight to prevent water penetration.
4.6.14 The number of contours of sealing gaskets in the porches of the door blocks and the requirements for their installation along the perimeter of the porch are set in the manufacturer's technical documentation, depending on the purpose and design of the door blocks. For door blocks of groups A and B, at least two sealing circuits are recommended.
Corner bends and welded joints of sealing gaskets for double-glazed windows (glasses) should not have protrusions (protrusions) that cause concentrated loads on double-glazed windows (glasses).
Door unit with hinged opening Non-opening element of the door unit
Door blocks with hinged opening with complex filling of the leaf
Support pads:
Distance pads:
Door hinge
Figure 1 - Diagrams of the location of the support and distance pads during the installation of double-glazed windows
and possible options for the location of the loops
4.7 Requirements for door fittings
4.7.1 In the manufacture of door blocks, door fittings and hinges are used that are specially designed for use in door systems made of aluminum profiles.
Type. the number, location and method of fastening of locking devices and hinges are set in the working documentation, taking into account the size and weight of the opening elements of the door blocks, as well as their operating conditions. Possible options the location of the hinges are shown in Figure 1. It is recommended to hang door leafs on two hinges. External door units are recommended to be equipped with multi-bolt locks with locking at least three points.
NOTE The use of more than two hinges should be recommended by the hinge manufacturers, and a third hinge should not be installed in the area of the lock.
When using hidden fly "in the entrance doors to buildings, it is necessary to carry out additional tests to determine the resistance to heat transfer to prevent freezing in the hinge area.
4.7.2 It is recommended that door blocks outside and entrance to the apartment be equipped with locks of at least class 3 in accordance with GOST 5089. Burglary-resistant door blocks must be equipped with burglar-resistant locking devices in accordance with GOST 31462. Class 4 locks in accordance with GOST 5089.
Depending on the purpose of the door blocks in the design documentation, as well as when placing orders, it is necessary to provide for the complete set of products with door closers (door closing devices), opening angle limiters (stops), eyes, etc.
4.7.3 It is recommended to use hinges adjustable in three planes in the outer and entrance door blocks of the apartment.
4.7.4 Locking devices must ensure reliable locking of the opening elements of door blocks. Opening and closing should be easy, smooth, without jamming.
4.7.5 The design of the locking devices and hinges must ensure a tight and uniform crimping of the gaskets along the entire contour of the seal in the porches.
4.7.6 Door appliances, hinges and fasteners must comply with the requirements of GOST 538 and have a protective and decorative (or protective) coating in accordance with regulatory documents. To complete the door blocks of groups A and B, the coating of the devices must be resistant to corrosion and comply with GOST 538.
4.8 Completeness, marking and packaging
4.8.1 The completeness of the door blocks when they are delivered to the consumer must comply with
requirements specified in the order.
The door block kit may include additional ones. connecting and other profiles for various purposes in accordance with GOST 22333. as well as locks, latches, closers (door closing devices) and other door devices. A set of keys for locks must be handed over to the customer in a sealed form against the signature of the customer (buyer). Completing profiles, parts of locking devices protruding beyond the plane of the product may be supplied unmounted, complete with products. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, separate transportation of double-glazed windows (glasses) is allowed.
Products of full factory readiness must have installed appliances, double-glazed windows, filling panels, gaskets and protective film on the front surfaces of the main profiles.
4.8.2 The delivery set should include a quality document (passport) and an operating manual for door blocks containing recommendations for installation.
4.8.3 Each door block is marked on the non-front side with a waterproof marker or label indicating the name of the manufacturer, the type of door block, the date of its manufacture and (or) the order number, a sign (stamp) confirming the acceptance of the product by technical control. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to mark the product on the protective film.
4.8.4 The main profiles, door fittings, locks and double-glazed windows included in the door block must be marked in accordance with the regulatory document for these products.
4.8.5 Packaging of products should ensure their safety during storage, loading and unloading operations and transportation.
4.8.6 Devices or parts of devices that are not installed on products must be packed in polyethylene film in accordance with GOST 10354 or in other packaging material that ensures their safety, firmly tied up and delivered complete with products.
4.8.7 In the case of separate transportation of double-glazed windows, the requirements for their packaging are established in accordance with GOST 24866.
4.8.8 Opening webs of products before packaging must be closed on all locking devices.
5 Acceptance rules
5.1 Door blocks must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control service based on the results of checking for compliance with the requirements of this standard, as well as the conditions specified in the contract for the manufacture and supply of products.
Door blocks are accepted in batches. Upon acceptance at the manufacturing plant, a lot is taken as the number of products manufactured within one shift and issued with one quality document (passport).
5.2 The requirements for the quality of door blocks, established in this standard, confirm:
Incoming control of materials and components:
Operational production control:
Acceptance control of finished products;
Control acceptance tests of a batch of products, conducted by the quality service of the manufacturer:
Periodic and certification tests in independent testing centers;
Qualification tests.
5.3 The procedure for conducting incoming quality control of materials and components is established in the technical documentation, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents for these materials and components.
The procedure for conducting operational production quality control at workplaces is established in the technological documentation of the manufacturer in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
If the manufacturer completes the door blocks with components of its own manufacture, they must be accepted and tested in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents for these parts.
5.4 Acceptance control and periodic testing of finished door blocks is carried out in accordance with table 7.
Table 7 - Indicators controlled during acceptance control and periodic tests
|
Name of indicator |
requirements |
tests |
Type of test* |
Periodicity (at least) |
||
|
Appearance |
For test type II - once a shift |
|||||
|
Maximum deviation of the dimensions of the gaps under the overlay | ||||||
|
The difference in the front surfaces in the welds of the joints of adjacent profiles of boxes and sheets, sagging of the sheets, the maximum deviation of the nominal size between the overlays | ||||||
|
The presence and location of holes | ||||||
|
Operation of hinges and locking devices |
For test type 1 - continuous control. For test type II - once per shift |
|||||
|
Completeness, marking, packaging | ||||||
|
Specific deviations of nominal overall dimensions of door blocks, maximum deviations of controlled nominal dimensions of elements of door blocks**, difference in lengths of diagonals and straightness of edges | ||||||
|
Strength (bearing capacity) of welded fillet joints |
For test type II - once a week. For test type III - once a year |
|||||
|
Resistance to static loads |
Once every three years |
|||||
|
Resistance to operational / dynamic loads | ||||||
|
Impact resistance | ||||||
|
Reliability |
4.4.1. table 2 |
Once every three years |
||||
|
Ergonomic requirements | ||||||
|
Reduced heat transfer resistance for building entrance doors |
4.4.1, table 2 |
When putting into production and when changing the design, replacing the materials of manufacture |
||||
|
Air and water permeable |
4.4.1. table 2 | |||||
|
Soundproofing |
4.4.1. table 2 | |||||
End of table 7
|
Named indicator |
requirements |
tests |
Type of test* |
Periodicity (at least) |
||
|
Hack resistance |
When putting into production and when changing the design, replacing materials for manufacturing |
|||||
|
Resistance to wind loads | ||||||
* Type of test I - tests during acceptance control; type tested II - control acceptance tests conducted by the quality service of the manufacturer; test type III - periodic tests carried out in independent test centers.
** Controlled nominal dimensions for test type II are set in the technological documentation.
Finished door blocks that have passed acceptance control are marked. Products that have not passed the acceptance control for at least one indicator are rejected.
5.5 Each batch of door blocks passes control acceptance tests conducted by the quality control service of the manufacturer. The list of controlled indicators and the frequency of control are given in table 7.
For testing from a batch of door blocks, samples of door blocks are selected by random selection in the amount of 3% of the batch volume, but not less than 3 pcs.
In the event of a negative test result for at least one indicator on at least one sample, a re-check of the quality of products is carried out on a double number of samples for the indicator that had a negative test result.
If a discrepancy between the indicator and the established requirements is detected again on at least one sample, the controlled and subsequent batches of products are subjected to continuous control (sorting). At a positive result continuous control are returned to the established procedure for control acceptance tests.
In the event of a negative test result in terms of the strength of welded fillet joints, repeated tests are carried out on a double number of samples. If the result of repeated tests is unsatisfactory, the batch is rejected, and the production of products is stopped until the cause of the reject is eliminated.
5.6 Periodic tests to determine the performance indicators specified in 4.4.1-4.4.9. carried out when making changes to the design of door blocks or the technology of their manufacture, but at least once in the period specified in Table 7. as well as during product certification (in terms of indicators provided for by certification methods). Certification tests are carried out in the scope of periodic tests.
Qualification tests of door blocks are carried out for all indicators when putting products into production. Tests are carried out in test centers accredited for the right to conduct them.
5.7 The consumer has the right to conduct a quality control check of the door units, while observing the sampling procedure and test methods given in this standard.
When accepting products by the consumer, a batch considers the number of products shipped for a specific order, but not more than 500 pieces, issued with one quality document (passport).
5.8 When accepting door blocks by the consumer, it is recommended to use a single-stage quality control plan for products, shown in table 8.
Table 8 - Single-stage product quality control plan
End of table in
Note - Significant and critical defects include: defects leading to loss of performance, unrecoverable without replacing part of the product (breakage of the profile or door fixtures, cracked double-glazed window, etc.). exceeding the maximum deviations of dimensions by more than 1.5 times from those set in the ID. disassembly of products.
Minor defects include removable defects: minor surface damage, unadjusted door fittings and hinges, exceeding the maximum dimensional deviations by less than 1.5 times compared to those established in the regulatory documents.
By agreement of the parties, acceptance of door blocks by the consumer is allowed to be carried out at the manufacturer's warehouse, at the consumer's warehouse or in another place specified in the supply contract.
5.9 Each batch of door blocks must be accompanied by a quality document (passport).
5.10 Acceptance of door blocks by the consumer does not release the manufacturer from liability in case of detection of hidden defects that led to a violation of the product performance during the warranty period.
6 Test methods
6.1 The test methods used in the incoming and production operational quality control of door blocks are established in the technical documentation of the manufacturer.
6.2 Test methods for acceptance control and methods for determining indicators
quality during control acceptance tests
6.2.1 The geometric dimensions of the door blocks, as well as the straightness of the edges, are determined using the methods established by GOST 26433.0 and GOST 26433.1.
The straightness of the edges is determined by applying a straightedge according to GOST 8026 or a building level with a flatness tolerance of at least the 9th degree of accuracy according to GOST 9416 to the part under test and measuring the largest gap using feelers according to regulatory documents.
The nominal dimensions of the elements of products, the difference in the lengths of the diagonals and other dimensions are determined using a tape measure in accordance with GOST 7502, a caliper in accordance with GOST 166. probes according to regulatory documents.
Measurements of linear dimensions should be carried out at air temperature and the surface of products (20 ± 4) * C. If it is necessary to carry out measurements at other temperatures (external door blocks), the temperature change in the linear dimensions of the profiles should be taken into account.
6.2.2 The size of the gaps under the overlay is checked using a set of probes according to regulatory documents or a metal ruler in accordance with GOST 427.
6.2.3 The sagging of the sheets and the difference in the front surfaces in the joints of adjacent profiles of boxes and sheets is determined with a probe as the distance from the edge of the metal ruler according to GOST 427. applied to the upper mating surface to the lower surface.
6.2.4 the appearance of door blocks is evaluated visually by comparison with standard samples. approved by the head of the manufacturer, with illumination of at least 300 lux.
6.2.5 The correct installation of sealing gaskets, the presence and location of linings, functional openings, door fittings, fasteners and other parts, the color and absence of cracks in welded joints, the presence of a protective film, marking and packaging are checked visually.
To determine the tightness of sealing gaskets, the dimensions of the gaps in the porches are compared and the degree of compression of the gaskets, which should be at least 1/5 of the height of the uncompressed gasket. Measurements are made with a caliper.
The tightness of sealing gaskets during acceptance tests with closed sheets can be determined by the presence of a continuous trace left by a coloring matter (for example, colored chalk), previously applied to the surface of the gaskets and easily removed after testing. During periodic tests, this indicator is determined by the value of air and water permeability.
6.2.6 Determination of the strength (bearing capacity) of welded fillet joints To determine the strength (bearing capacity) of welded fillet joints, the load application schemes shown in Figure 2 are used.
1 - support: 2 - emphasis (for scheme B - carriages); 3 - sample:
4 - point of application of the load P; 5 - removable fastening clamps
Figure 2 - Schemes of load application when determining the strength of welded fillet joints
The test procedure is in accordance with GOST 22333 with the following additions.
Load values are taken according to 4.4.3. control method - hieraerrushing. endurance under loading - not less than 5 min.
The test result is considered satisfactory if each sample withstood the load without destruction and cracking.
6.2.7 The operation of door devices is checked by opening and closing the leaf elements of the door block five times. In case of detection of deviations in the operation of door devices, they are adjusted and re-checked.
6.3 Methods for determining quality indicators in periodic tests
6.3.1 Strength (bearing capacity) of welded fillet joints is determined according to 6.2.6.
When carrying out tests, it is allowed to use other schemes of loads and test
equipment. In this case, the test methods, including the processing of results, shall be correlated with the test method of 6.2.6.
6.3.2 The reduced resistance to heat transfer is determined according to GOST 26602.1.
6.3.3 Air and water permeability is determined according to GOST 26602.2.
6.3.4 Sound insulation is determined according to GOST 26602.3.
6.3.5 Static resistance (according to 4.4.3. 4.4.7. 4.4.6). dynamic (according to 4.4.4), shock (according to 4.4.5. 4.4.6) loads are determined by the methods given in the regulatory documents and methods of testing laboratories.
Tests to determine the resistance of door blocks to the effects of dynamic loads simulate the following types of loads that occur when the door leaf is suddenly opened or closed:
Provided that there is a foreign object in the lower porch (the products must
withstand a collision with a foreign object caused by the impact of a dynamic load applied at the location of the handle and directed towards closing the door leaf);
Under the condition of a sharp contact of the door leaf with the slope of the doorway, for example, when there is a draft (the products must withstand a collision with the slope caused by the impact of a dynamic load applied at the location of the handle and directed towards the opening of the leaf).
The test to determine the resistance to impact with an inelastic soft body (according to 4.4.5) is carried out with a three-time impact with an inelastic soft body (for example, a pear) with a lower diameter of (300 ± 5) mm and a mass of (30 ± 0.5) kg in the central zone of the sample. After testing, the residual deformation shall not exceed 2 mm.
Tests for resistance to impact with a solid body (according to 4.4.6) with a mass of 2 kg are carried out with a three-time impact on the center of the door and. if necessary, in corner areas. The average impact damage diameter shall not exceed 2.0 mm. depth - 1.5 mm. After testing, the door blocks must remain operational.
6.3.6 Reliability indicators, as well as ergonomic indicators, are determined in accordance with GOST 30777. other regulatory documents and methods of testing laboratories.
6.3.7 Load application schemes according to 4.4.3-4.4.9 and 4.4.11 are given in Appendix B.
6.3.8 Resistance to wind load is determined in accordance with and according to the methods of testing laboratories, taking into account the fact that entrance doors The buildings are located on the first floors. The pressure value is taken taking into account the calculated operational wind loads on buildings. The recommended range of pressure change is from 400 to 2000 Pa. In this case, the change in the value of the deflection of the bars should be from 1/150 to 1/300 of the length of the bar, but not more than 6 mm. After the end of the tests, all elements of the door unit must not be damaged, remain tightly closed (all locking elements must be engaged)
Note - Destruction and replacement of glass, double-glazed windows are allowed.
6.3.9 Burglary resistance is determined by the time spent on burglary. Depending on the burglary resistance class, the time spent on burglary should be from 5 to 30 minutes according to GOST 31462.
6.3.10 Corrosion resistance of metal parts of door blocks, profiles, locking devices is determined according to GOST 538. GOST 22333 and regulatory documents for specific products.
7 Transport and storage
7.1 Products are transported by all types of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force on the transport of a particular type.
7.2 During transportation, the products must be installed vertically, in the direction of traffic.
7.3 Products must be stored in covered dry rooms in vertical position at an angle of 10° - 15° on wooden bases sorted by type and size.
Gaskets of the same thickness must be laid between the products.
7.4 Opening leafs of door blocks must be closed on all locking devices before transportation.
8 Manufacturer's warranties
8.1 The manufacturer guarantees the compliance of door blocks with the requirements of this standard, provided that the consumer complies with the rules for transportation, storage, installation, operation, as well as the scope established in the regulatory documents and project documentation.
8.2 The warranty period for door blocks is set in the supply contract, but not less than three years from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.
General requirements for the installation of products
A.1 The requirements for the installation of products are established in the design working documentation for construction (reconstruction, repair) objects, taking into account the designs adopted in the project for the execution of the nodes adjoining products to walls, designed to set climatic, operational and other loads. Outdoor products are recommended to be installed taking into account the requirements of GOST 30971.
A.2 Installation of products should be carried out by specialized construction companies. Ending installation work must be confirmed by an acceptance certificate, which includes the warranty obligations of the manufacturer of the work.
A.3 At the request of the consumer (customer), the manufacturer (supplier) of products must deliver to him standard instructions for the installation of door blocks from aluminum profiles, approved by the head of the manufacturer and containing:
Drawings (schemes) of typical mounting units of the junction:
List of materials used (taking into account their compatibility and temperature conditions applications):
The sequence of technological operations for the installation of door blocks.
A.4 In the design and execution of junction nodes, the following conditions must be met:
The sealing of mounting gaps between the outer products and the slopes of the openings of wall structures must be tight, tight around the entire perimeter of the door block, designed to withstand climatic loads from the outside and operating conditions inside the premises:
The design of the junction points of external products (including the location of the door unit along the depth of the opening) should prevent the formation of cold bridges (thermal bridges) that lead to the formation of condensate on the internal surfaces of doorways:
The operational characteristics of the structures of the junction points must meet the requirements established in building codes and regulations.
A.5 When choosing the filling of mounting gaps, temperature changes in the overall dimensions of the products should be taken into account.
As fasteners for mounting products should be used:
Construction dowels:
Mounting screws;
Special mounting systems (eg with adjustable mounting feet).
It is not allowed to use sealants, adhesives, peioutepligepey for gluing products. as well as construction nails.
A.6 Door blocks should be installed according to the level and plumb. The deviation from the vertical and horizontal profiles of boxes of mounted products should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m of length, but not more than 3 mm for the height of the product. At the same time, if the opposite profiles are deviated in different directions (twisting the box), their total deviation from the normal should not exceed 3 mm.
The door block is installed in the prepared doorway symmetrically with respect to the central vertical of the opening. The wall of the opening, intended for fastening the profile of the frame with hinges, is the base for installing the door frame.
The top and side mounting gaps are taken, as a rule, within -12 mm (for internal doors). The gaps in the lower junction node are taken depending on the presence (or absence) of the threshold and the purpose of the door block.
A.7 The distance between the fasteners during the installation of external and reinforced products should not exceed 500 mm. and in other cases - not more than 700 mm (Figure A.1).
^ * wall attachment points
Figure A.1 - An example of the location of fasteners when mounting a door block with a closed frame
A.b To fill the mounting gaps (seams) of door blocks, they are used silicone sealants, pre-compressed sealing tapes PSUL (compression tapes), insulating foam-polyurethane cords, foam heaters. mineral wool and other materials that have a hygienic conclusion and provide the required performance of the seams. Peioheaters should not have bitumen-containing additives and increase their volume after completion of installation work.
An example of a door block passport
(name of manufacturer)
(address, telephone, manufacturer's name)
Passport (document of quality)
external door block made of aluminum profiles, GOST 23747-2014
a) type of door block - outer door vestibule;
b) type of door leaf filling - deaf;
c) box design - with a threshold;
d) opening method, number of canvases - left, single-field;
e) overall dimensions - height 2300 mm, width 970 mm, box profile width 70 mm
Certificate of conformity _
Completeness
a) web filling design - a three-layer panel with a 16 mm thick insulation;
b) door hinges- three overhead loops;
c) locking devices - a multi-point lock with five locking points;
d) the number of contours of sealing gaskets - 2 circuits;
e) additional information. The product package includes:
file lock handle (2 pcs). door peephole, closer (door closer). opening angle limiter, operating instructions
Main technical characteristics confirmed by tests
Reduced resistance to heat transfer -
Air permeability at
Reliability, opening-closing cycles -
Warranty period - 3 years
Batch number -
Order number / position in the order -
Quality Control Receiver _ Date of manufacture k_*_20_g.
_(signature)_
Load Application Schemes
Figure B. 1 - Doors with hinged and swinging leaf
Figure B.2 - Scheme for testing resistance to static load acting in the plane of the web
S - the center of impact of the load: L - the height of the fall of the load: B - the width of the door.
1 - door leaf: 2 - a box with a threshold. 3 - inelastic soft body (load) weighing 30 kg: 4 - box without threshold
Figure B.3 - Scheme of testing for resistance to impact with a soft inelastic body (load)
in the direction of closing the door leaf
1 - clamp: 2 - locking clamp or limiter:
3 - flexible cable: 4 - inelastic soft body (load) weighing 30 kg
Figure B.4 - Scheme for testing the resistance to impact with an inelastic soft body (load)
in the direction of opening the door leaf
Figure B.5 - An example of the location of points and non-stop strikes on a single-leaf door unit
Figure C.b - Scheme for testing to determine the door closing force
Figure B.7 - Scheme for testing dynamic load acting in the closing direction
door leaf
Bibliography
(1] SP 20.13330.2011 (SNiP 2.01.07-65) “Loads and impacts!”.
UDC 692.81.678 (083.74):006.354 MKS 91.060.50 NEO
Keywords: door blocks made of aluminum profiles, buildings and structures for various purposes, construction, repair, reconstruction, technical requirements, acceptance rules, control methods
Signed for publication on 02.02.2015. Format 60x84"/*,
Uel. oven l. 2.79. Circulation 32 copies. Zach. 275.
Prepared on the basis of the electronic version provided by the developer of the standard
FSUE "STANDARTINFORM"
123995 Moscow. Garnet lane, 4.
On the territory of the Russian Federation, GOST R ISO 10140-1-2012 “Acoustics. Laboratory measurements of sound insulation of building elements. Part 1. Rules for testing building products of a certain type. GOST R ISO 10140-2-2012 “Acoustics. Laboratory measurements of sound insulation of building elements. Part 2. Measurement of sound insulation of airborne noise. GOST R ISO 10140-3-2012 “Acoustics. Laboratory measurements of sound insulation of building elements. Part 3. Measurement of impact sound insulation. GOST R ISO 10140-4-2012 “Acoustics. Laboratory measurements of sound insulation of building elements. Part 4. Methods and conditions of measurements. GOST Ya ISO 10140-5-2012 “Acoustics. Laboratory measurements of sound insulation of building elements. Part 5. Requirements for test facilities and equipment
GOST R 54162-2010 “Tempered glass. Specifications".
GOST R 54171-2010 “Laminated glass. Specifications".
Aluminum is a metal with amazing properties. It is light, strong, not afraid of corrosion, and therefore durable. This explains its wide distribution in various fields, including construction. Here, another of its features is fully revealed - a small coefficient of expansion when heated. Therefore, architects often use metal to decorate facades. Entrance doors made of it have high wear resistance and good thermal insulation. Due to their natural beauty, they do not require additional processing and easily fit into any design. True, this is all true only when aluminum doors are made in accordance with GOST, in compliance with all its rules.
What requirements does this document impose on door manufacturers? GOST standards are written for professionals and some of them require detailed explanation. But first, about the purpose, design and types of aluminum doors.
Unlike metal or wooden doors, aluminum are rarely solid. In this case, the dignity that attracts designers will disappear - the visual lightness of the design. Moreover, the product will turn out to be unsightly and very expensive. Therefore, most often only the frame is made of aluminum, and glass, plastic, sandwich panels, etc. are used for internal filling. Due to the high profile strength, the door can be up to 90% glass. As a result - a complete illusion of transparency of the structure.
The advantages of aluminum doors (most of them are regulated by GOST) are determined by the properties of the material. The main ones are:
- Durability. Contact of the metal with the environment causes the formation of oxide, which does not affect the appearance, but is a good anti-corrosion protection;
- Resistance to external influences. Due to the low thermal expansion of aluminum, products made from it are not subject to cracking and deformation. Rodents and insects are not able to damage them;
- fire resistance;
- Minimal care and environmental friendliness. The material does not require painting and protective impregnation. Harmless to human health.
- High wear resistance. Aluminum doors can withstand up to 100,000 opening and closing cycles.
- Excellent load characteristics. Products are lightweight, but can withstand large static loads.
The design of aluminum doors and the main characteristics determine their purpose. Most often they are used as entrances, in places where there is no need to install more reliable structures, and with high traffic. Usually these are offices, administrative buildings, shops. In residential premises, aluminum doors are installed on balconies and terraces. They are not used as interior rooms, although GOST does not prohibit this.
Varieties
Doors made of aluminum differ in thermal insulation and in the type of opening. Depending on the purpose, products can be made from a warm or cold profile. In the first case, a heater is used. GOST strictly regulates the parameters that it must provide. Cold structures do not have sufficient thermal insulation and are mainly used for terraces and arbors.
According to the specifics of opening the structure is much more diverse:
- Swing. The most common option. Open inward or outward;
- Sliding. Equipped with a special device, thanks to which the canvas moves along the wall;
- Pendulum. Able to open in both directions;
- Revolver. Revolving doors consisting, as a rule, of 4 leaves. Most often installed in shopping centers.
GOST regulates some door opening parameters, for example, the maximum allowable force, but more on that later.
Standard requirements
GOST, which is currently followed by all manufacturers, has been in force since 1995. But that doesn't mean it's outdated. The standard is constantly updated in accordance with changes in release technology. Most of the requirements that must be observed in the manufacture of aluminum doors, GOST conditionally combines into 5 main groups:
- Characteristics;
- Materials and components;
- Completeness;
- Marking;
- Package.
It should be noted that the requirements of GOST will not be given in the "dry" language of quotations, but in a form accessible to an ordinary person, without distorting the main meaning.
Characteristics
- Doors must be strong enough not to be damaged during transportation and installation. The resource of each should be at least 100 thousand opening-closing cycles;
- The product must have an anodic oxide or paint coating. In the second case, its thickness is not less than 70 microns.
- The coating is applied to each part separately. GOST does not allow painting in assembled form;
- doors from aluminum profile installed in places of heavy traffic and having a large glass area and not equipped with automatic opening, must be equipped with protective grilles;
- The height of the opaque lower part of the door leaf must not exceed 1000mm;
- The force required to open the door is no more than 50 N;
- The door must be made in such a way that it cannot be disturbed from the outside;
- Locking devices are also protected from interference from outside;
- The diagonals of the box should not differ by more than 3 mm;
- The door cannot protrude from the frame on the front side by more than 2 mm;
- Gaps on the front side should not be more than 0.3 mm;
- The size of the maximum roughness GOST sets no more than 6 microns. This only applies to the outside.
Materials and accessories
- Curvature of aluminum profiles is not allowed. The profile itself must comply with GOST;
- In the production, fasteners made of steel 20x13 or 12x13 should be used;
- Glasses used for transparent surfaces are manufactured in accordance with normative and technical documentation. Their thickness cannot be less than 5 mm., if a double-glazed window is used - 15 mm.;
- To designate completely glass doors, at a height of 1m, special signs are applied;
- The product must have rubber or plastic seals, the quality of which is determined by GOST;
- The joints between the profiles are filled with a special sealant;
- All threaded connections are fixed with adhesive type BF - 2 or other approved by GOST.
Completeness
- The delivery set is determined individually for each specific case, but should not contradict the technical requirements;
- GOST allows the transportation of protruding parts not on the structure itself, but as part of the delivery set.
Marking
On the back of the package or on its ends, there must be a manufacturer's mark, which includes: the date of issue; product brand; technical control stamp.
Package
- Before transportation, each product is locked;
- Doors are wrapped with double layer paper before packing;
- The container is tied with twine;
- The shipping container must ensure the safety of the product from damage;
- During transportation, it is allowed to stack several products in one container, their number should not exceed the allowable one;
- Protruding parts and fasteners are wrapped with wrapping paper and transported in one container with the product. In some cases, they may be transported in a separate box in accordance with GOST;
- Each batch is supplied with accompanying documentation.
Conclusion
It should be noted that, unfortunately, not all doors are manufactured in accordance with GOST. Some negligent manufacturers are guided by their own requirements, which do not always coincide with generally accepted ones. Therefore, in conclusion, a few tips on what to look for:
- The design should be made precisely from the door profile, and not from the window profile. The latter will not withstand such loads;
- The quality of the door can be determined by painting. An even layer of paint without streaks and peeling indicates good pre-treatment and expensive equipment;
- The outer door must be made of a warm profile;
- Frame joints must be filled with sealant or adhesive. If this is not the case, the manufacturer treated the work in bad faith;
- Seals should be rubber or silicone. Despite the fact that GOST allows plastic, it can burst from frost.
And the last. The door is not only a canvas and a profile. A lot depends on the hardware. When buying, you must definitely check its quality, and not just completeness.
Sections of the article:
GOST for aluminum door blocks was developed and implemented back in Soviet times. But until now, this regulatory document is used in the production of such structures. Aluminum front doors are especially popular. In order to be convinced of this, it is enough just to look around and see that these structures are installed in shopping malls, public institutions and other facilities.
Areas of use for aluminum door blocks
The high popularity of aluminum doors is easy to explain. They are distinguished by reliability, high strength, as well as a wide variety. Their design is quite complex, requiring strict adherence to certain standards and technical recommendations in the manufacturing process. If these rules are not followed, unpleasant consequences may occur. Such door structures began to be actively used even during the existence of the USSR. That is why they were then standardized by the required regulatory documentation, which to this day manufacturers are guided by in the manufacture of aluminum door blocks.
The state standard regulating the production of such door structures was prepared, adopted and put into effect by the Gosstroy of the Soviet Union in January 1989. This GOST under the number 23747-88 is called "Doors made of aluminum alloys" and divides door structures according to a number of features. In addition, it obliges manufacturers to follow certain technical requirements when producing such doors.
Aluminum doors have a whole complex of unique qualities, which contributes to their use in public institutions, as well as private houses and apartments. Aluminum door blocks are different modern design and the correct geometry, which remains unchanged during active and long-term operation. In addition, these doors are characterized by durability and excellent resistance to atmospheric agents. It is safe to say that aluminum doors are a special type of entrance groups.
GOST for these structures allows their use in different climatic zones. There are no special requirements for thermal insulation for these door units. Despite this, aluminum structures have proven themselves well as entrance and interior doors. In addition, they are allowed to be thermally insulated to the extent necessary. Along with this, aluminum doors are characterized by high structural rigidity, which allows these products to be used in the most different conditions, including extremely unfavorable ones.
For example, aluminum doors can be successfully used in public institutions with increased human flow. They can withstand many cycles of operation without significant wear.
Types of doors used
The main structures of aluminum door blocks, fixed in GOST 23747-88, must comply with certain requirements. This state standard does not apply to products that are not made of aluminum alloys. In addition, this GOST does not apply to special-purpose structures.
These include airtight, fire-resistant and smoke-proof aluminum doors. It should be emphasized that aluminum doors can be used not only as entrance doors, but also as interior doors in offices, apartments and private houses. True, such products for the most part differ not in the profile itself, but in the fittings.
Differences between aluminum doors by opening method
Aluminum doors can be divided into a number of types depending on the design. Swing doors are the most demanded and popular. This is a classic option, which involves fixing the door leaf on hinges attached to door frame. Such doors open and close by means of pressure by human hands. Swing aluminum doors can be single-leaf or double-leaf and function on the principle of similar structures made of other materials.
Another popular type of aluminum doors are sliding structures. The peculiarity of the functioning of such products is the expansion of the valves in opposite directions or their entry into one another. In addition, pendulum aluminum structures are widely used. They are especially effective in areas with big amount of people. The exclusivity of this system, first of all, is characterized by the ability to open the sash in any of the directions.
Separation by profile type
In accordance with GOST 23747-88, aluminum doors can be made from two types of profile: warm or cold. The first type got its name due to the use of an additional polymer component in the structure, the task of which is to prevent the product from freezing when low temperatures. To achieve this result, it is necessary to seal the entire contour of the sash with a double layer. In addition, this prevents cold air and moisture from entering the premises.
The cold aluminum profile is not completed with a similar polymer insert. This should be taken into account, because when using structures made of such material, the temperature inside the room and the door itself will be almost identical to the outside one. Products from a cold profile are well suited for utility rooms and warehouses that do not need to be heated. It is worth emphasizing that in areas with a vestibule, a combination of door groups from both types of profiles can be used. This good decision for such premises.
Features and advantages of aluminum door blocks
Many years of popularity and the increasing use of aluminum profile products testify to a number of advantages of these doors. First of all, it is necessary to highlight the aesthetic characteristics of aluminum door blocks. Even in very large products, thanks to the use of narrow aluminum profiles, it is possible to achieve a large glass area for the passage of light. It is also worth highlighting the long service life of these structures. Most manufacturers provide extended warranties. As a rule, the service life of aluminum doors significantly exceeds that of door blocks made of other materials.
Aluminum doors are highly resistant to fire, their design does not ignite or explode. These products do not require regular maintenance with the use of special tools. This greatly simplifies the process of their operation. In addition, aluminum profile products do not harm the environment, and also do not negative impact on human and domestic animal health. It should also be noted that the special coating of the profile avoids corrosion even in an aggressive environment. In addition, the mass of aluminum doors is small relative to wooden or metal-plastic counterparts. The surface of the products is covered with paints and varnishes of any color and texture.
Technical requirements for aluminum doors
Aluminum doors are produced in accordance with the provisions of GOST, which since 1995 has been revised every five years, supplemented and again published in a new edition. In addition, in the process of manufacturing doors, it is necessary to follow the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation for products of a particular type, as well as working drawings.
Characteristics of aluminum doors
GOST number 23747-88 provides that aluminum doors must have high strength and stability during transportation, installation and operation. In addition, such doors must withstand at least 100,000 leaf opening and closing cycles. Along with this, it is obligatory to cover them with paints and varnishes during the production of aluminum doors. This finish performs a protective and decorative function. It would be nice to say that it is forbidden to cover the product in the assembled state, as this is contrary to GOST standards.
Another requirement of the state standard is the obligatory equipment of aluminum doors with full glazing with protective grilles. Such measures are taken to prevent mechanical damage to the glass. This standard applies to those structures that are not equipped with automatic opening and are installed in places with a large crowd of people. These include, for example, train stations, metro stations, airports. It is also envisaged that the design of such aluminum doors should exclude the possibility of arbitrary dismantling of the leaves and locking mechanisms.
Materials and other elements of aluminum doors
Door frames are also produced in accordance with the provisions of GOST number 22233-83, which sets the standards for aluminum alloy profiles. Other structural elements, as well as mounting bolts, nuts, screws and washers, are made of carbon steel coated with cadmium or zinc based compounds. Glass inserts for the door leaf are made of glass or double-glazed windows. In this case, the minimum thickness of the first should be 5-6 mm, and the second 15-28 mm.
Aluminum sheets or extruded profiles are used as light-transmitting inserts. In addition, other materials can be used, but at least 5-6 mm thick. Seals are made from light and frost resistant rubber or plastic.
Complete set of aluminum doors and storage conditions
It is allowed to deliver the products unassembled. It means that fasteners and accessories, as well as additional equipment, do not have to be assembled into the structure at the factory. They can be delivered separately complete with a frame and installed on site. On the reverse side of the product, the manufacturer's mark is placed, as well as the brand, date of manufacture and stamp. It should be noted that for long-term subsequent operation prefabricated structures must be stored in rooms with a functioning ventilation system.
Stacking finished products is required on wooden pallets, and between several samples stacked vertically in a row, it is required to place wooden linings. It should also be noted that in places where aluminum doors come into contact with brick, concrete coating or plaster, the contact points must be coated with an anti-corrosion compound.
Conclusion
It should be noted that today most manufacturers of aluminum door blocks in the process of their manufacture follow their own technological standards, which to some extent correspond to GOST 22233-83.
OOO TECHNOCOM L.T.D.
"Agreed" Department of standardization, technical regulation and certification of the Gosstroy of the Russian Federation letter from "17" 10 1997 No. 13-653 "I approve" General Director of Technocom L.T.D. LLC ___________ V.V. Kovalev"20" 10 1997aluminum alloy windows and doors
Specifications
TU 5270-001-44991977-97
Introduced for the first time
Valid from 01.11.1997
Valid until 01.01.2000
"Designed"
Leading editor of the IPK "Standards Publishing House" ___________ V.I. Cucumbers"01" October 1997 Chief Engineer of Technocom L.T.D. ___________ A.V. Khomichenko "" ______ 1997
Moscow, 1997
GOSSTANDARD ROSSIIVNIIstandart Registered on 10/21/97 Entered into the Register for
№ 200/016333
STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON HOUSING AND CONSTRUCTION POLICY
GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA
117987, GSP-1, Moscow, st. Builders, 8, bldg. 2 17.10.97 № 13-653 No. fax dated 10/16/97 To the General Director of Technocom L.T.D. V.V. Kovalev, the Department of Standardization, Technical Regulation and Certification considered the TU 5270-001-44991977-97 "Windows and doors made of aluminum alloys" submitted for certification purposes and coordinates them with a limitation of validity - 01/01/2000. Deputy Head of the Technical Regulation Department V.V. Chepurkin Shvedov N.V. 930-24-04 These technical specifications apply to windows, doors and stained-glass windows (hereinafter referred to as products) made of aluminum profile elements manufactured by Technocom L.T.D. LLC (INDINVEST system, Italy) used in buildings erected according to standard or individual projects, and manufactured by the enterprise. The scope of products is established by the customer (consumer), depending on the operating conditions and performance standards in accordance with applicable building codes and regulations, taking into account the requirements of these technical conditions and the manufacturer's recommendations. These technical conditions do not apply for products operating as load-bearing building structures. These technical specifications can be used to certify products in the GOST R Certification System in construction. Symbol (brand) of productsX XX X - X X/X X Product type: O - window; B - balcony door; D - door; B - stained-glass window; Product material: A - aluminum alloy "T" - manufacturer's index Modular size in height, dm Modular size in width, dm Order number / item number in the order L.T.D." height 1620 mm, width 1580 mm, by order 17, order item 5, manufactured according to these specifications should be designated: OA "T" 16-16 17/5 TU 5270-001-97
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Products must comply with the requirements of these technical specifications and be manufactured according to the manufacturer's technological regulations, standard catalogs-programs of the INDINVEST system and working drawings approved by the head of the enterprise. The requirements of these technical specifications meet or exceed the requirements of GOST 21519-84 and GOST 23747-88.1. 2. The products consist of frame elements made of aluminum profiles, connected by corner fasteners using screw connections and crimping of embedded elements. The design of the products provides for hinged, suspended, hinged and tilt-and-turn opening of the casement elements. Examples of product design diagrams are given in the Appendix. By agreement with the consumer, it is allowed to use other systems for opening products. For glazing windows and balcony doors, one, two-chamber double-glazed windows of various designs are used. ). See fig. 1-4.1.3. The classification of products is accepted according to GOST 21519-84. 1.4. Main dimensions 1.4.1. The overall dimensions and architectural design of products are established in the order (project) for the manufacture of products. Nominal dimensions of products and their elements, as well as others required dimensions indicate in the operating diagrams for each specific product in accordance with the technical documentation of the INDINVEST system. The nominal dimensions of the profile sections must correspond to the dimensions established in the standard catalogs-programs. and building codes and regulations. 1.4.2. Maximum deviations from the nominal overall dimensions of products should not exceed +2.0 mm. 1.4.3. The maximum deviations from the nominal mating dimensions of the boxes and sashes (cloths) in length and width, the dimensions of the gaps in the porches under the overlay, as well as the difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the sashes (cloths) should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bestablished in Table. 1.Table 1
|
The value of limit deviations of dimensions |
||||
|
Nominal size in size range |
Inner box size |
Outer leaf size |
Diagonal length difference |
Gap in the porch under the surfacing |
|
from 500 to 1000 |
||||
|
from 1000 to 2000 |
||||
table 2
1.4.5. Permissible limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the section of the profile elements are given in Table. 3.Table 3
|
Name of controlled size |
Gradation of nominal sizes |
The value of limit deviations |
|
| Width, height of section of profiles of shutters (boxes) | |||
| Thickness outer wall sash and frame profiles | |||
| Groove width dimension for gaskets and glazing bead | |||
| Other sizes |
Table 4
1.5. Characteristics 1.5.1. The main operational characteristics of products are given in table. 5 .Table 5
|
The name of indicators |
Units |
Indicator value, not less than |
|
| Reduced resistance to heat transfer: |
sq.m °С/W |
||
| with a single-chamber double-glazed window; | |||
| with a single-chamber double-glazed window with a heat-reflecting coating; | |||
| with double glazing; | |||
| with a two-chamber double-glazed window with a heat-reflecting coating; | |||
| Soundproofing | |||
| Total light transmittance (reference value) | |||
| Air permeability at D Po=10 Pa |
kg/sq.m × h |
no more than 5.1 |
|
| Reliability |
opening-closing cycles |
40,000 (windows) 100,000 (doors) 300,000 (high traffic doors) |
|
| Strength of corner joints (reference value) | |||
| Tightness of double-glazed windows (dew point) |
no higher than -45 |
||
| Durability of double-glazed windows |
conditional years |
2. SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Products must have safety documents (certificates) provided for by the current legislation and executed in the prescribed manner. 2.2. The applicability of products in building structures with increased (special) requirements for fire hazard, aggressiveness of the environment and impact resistance is confirmed by the conclusion of the relevant authorities in the prescribed manner.2.3. Safety and security requirements environment, as well as the procedure for their control, should be established in the set of documentation for the production of products in accordance with the current NTD, building codes and regulations, as well as sanitary standards, methods and other documents approved by health authorities. 2.4. Outdoor products must withstand wind load according to SNiP 2.01.07-85. Calculation of products for loads should be carried out taking into account the recommendations of profile suppliers.3. ACCEPTANCE RULES
3.1. Products must be accepted by the manufacturer's technical control for compliance with the requirements of these technical specifications, as well as the conditions specified in the contract (order) for the manufacture and supply of products. 3.2. Confirmation of acceptance of products by the technical control of the manufacturer is the marking of products and the issuance of a warranty card or other quality document. 3.3. The consumer has the right to carry out a control check (acceptance) of the quality of products, observing the acceptance rules set forth in this section. Confirmation of acceptance by the consumer of finished products is the signature of the consumer on the document confirming the fact of acceptance of the products. By agreement of the parties, the acceptance of products by the consumer can be carried out at the manufacturer's warehouse, at the consumer's warehouse or in another place specified in the supply contract. 3.4. At the request of the consumer, the manufacturer must provide the consumer with the results of certification tests of products. 3.5. If hidden defects are discovered that led to a violation of the performance of the product during the warranty period, the consumer has the right to demand the replacement or repair of defective products at the expense of the manufacturer or apply penalties to the manufacturer in the prescribed manner. 3.6. quality requirements finished products , established in these TS, confirm acceptance tests. When accepting finished products, products are accepted individually, by the method of continuous control. Products that have not passed acceptance tests for at least one indicator are rejected. During acceptance tests, they control the requirements established in the following paragraphs of these technical conditions - 1.4.2; 1.4.3; 1.5.4 - 1.5.7; 1.5.14.3.7. Periodic tests conducted by the technological service (or laboratory) of the manufacturer's enterprise are carried out once per shift, as control tests confirming the stability of the technological process. At the same time, the following indicators are monitored: - limit deviations from the nominal dimensions; ; - indicators controlled during acceptance tests (clause 3.6). Deviations from the flatness of the frame elements are controlled if technologically necessary, as well as at the request of external regulatory authorities. If periodic tests for any indicator have a negative result, control and subsequent batches products are subjected (for this indicator) to continuous control. If the result of continuous control is positive, they return to periodic tests. 3.8. The requirements established in paragraphs: 1.5.1 - 1.5.19; are confirmed by the results of acceptance tests when products are put into production, certification tests of products, as well as when changes are made to the design of products or their manufacturing technology. 3.9. Doors are tested for burglary resistance at the request of the consumer. 3.10. The procedure for conducting input control is established in the technological regulations. 3.11. If the manufacturer completes products with insulating glass units of its own manufacture, insulating glass units must be tested for durability (type tests), pass acceptance tests established in GOST 24866-89, and periodic tests in accordance with these TS.3.12. In the case of using profiles and double-glazed windows certified in the GOST R Certification System, the procedure and scope of their quality control is established in the technological regulations by the window (door) manufacturer. 3.13. A batch is the number of products shipped for a specific order, issued with one quality document (warranty card). The order number for a product must reflect the specific type of product, its design and other requirements established in the project, order or specification and agreed with the customer. At the same time, the glazing option, the type of profile, the option of pairing the opening elements, the right or left version, the type (scheme) of opening, the presence of fittings, requirements for appearance and other information at the request of the consumer (customer) are established. 3.14. Each batch of products (or product) is accompanied by a quality document (passport, warranty card) confirming the compliance of the quality of products with the requirements of these specifications. The quality document indicates: - the name of the manufacturer, his address; order (agreement) for the manufacture of products; - product numbers and their quantity by order items; - a brief description of the design of products; - date of dispatch; - signature of the responsible person. 3.15. When accepting mass-produced standard products at the manufacturing plant, a lot is taken as the number of products of the same brand produced within one shift, and in the case of manufacturing products on an individual order, the number of products for this order, but not more than 50 units. 3.16. For acceptance of products, it is recommended to use the quality control plans established in Table 6. At the same time, significant and critical defects include: loss of any of the functional characteristics of windows (for example, broken glass, loss of tightness of an insulating glass unit, impossibility of closing, breakage of fittings); defects that impede the functioning of windows (for example, a crack in the weld, an irreparable closing defect) irreparable damage to the profile, exceeding the dimensional tolerances by more than 1.5 permitted by this standard. Minor defects include removable defects: not adjusted devices and hinges, minor surface damage , exceeding the tolerances of sizes less than 1.5 times the norms of this standard. For lots with a volume of less than 51 pcs. A single-stage quality control is used, and for batches with a volume of more than 50 - a two-stage one. When checking, they control the integrity and completeness of products, as well as the requirements confirmed by acceptance tests of finished products. The second stage of control is started if the number of rejected products at stage 1 control is between the rejection and acceptance numbers.Table 6
|
Lot size |
Sample size |
Rejection number for the 1st stage |
Acceptance number for 1st stage |
Rejection number for the 2nd stage |
Acceptance number for 2nd stage |
||||
|
complete control |
|||||||||
|
complete control |
|||||||||
4. CONTROL METHODS
4.1. Control methods during acceptance tests.4.1.1. Limit deviations from nominal dimensions are determined using a metal measuring tape according to GOST 502-89, a caliper according to GOST 166-84 and limit gauges. 4.1.2. Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of the gaps in the porches and gaps in the corner joints are checked using a set of probes according to TU 2-034-225-87.4.1.3. The size of the distance between the overlays of closed doors and the sagging of the opening elements is checked with a caliper. The sag in the mating of adjacent parts is determined with a probe as the distance from the edge of the metal ruler according to GOST 427-75, applied to the upper mating surface, to the lower surface. 4.1.4. The quality of the finishing and protective-decorative coating is checked visually by comparison with a reference sample approved by the head of the manufacturer. Coating defects that are visible to the naked eye from a distance of 1 m at an illumination of 300 lux are not allowed. 4.1.5. The presence and location of holes for water drainage, fittings, linings, fasteners and other parts are checked visually. 4.1.6. Checking the reliability of the fittings is checked by five opening-closing of the sash elements and locking devices. 4.1.7. The tightness of double-glazed windows is determined once per shift by immersion in a container with water and loading with a load of 16 kg for 4 hours. After testing for 2 hours, the double-glazed window is turned over and the other side is loaded. The tests are carried out on two samples. Water temperature 18 - 22 ° C. The test scheme is shown in fig. 5. The tightness of the double-glazed unit is checked by the absence of air bubbles during the test and the presence of moisture inside the double-glazed unit after the test is completed. Methods of control during periodic laboratory tests.4.2.1. The procedure for conducting control laboratory tests during the input control of component materials and products is established in the technological regulations. 4.2.2. Limit deviations from the nominal dimensions of assembly elements and the difference in diagonals are checked with a metal tape measure. Deviation from straightness and flatness of doors, boxes, profiles is determined by imposing these elements on a reference surface and measuring the largest gap between the reference surface and the surface of the test sample. 4.2.3. To determine the tightness of the sealing gaskets in the porches, a coloring matter (for example, colored chalk) is applied to the gaskets. The opening elements of the products are tightly closed. After opening the products, the continuity of the trace left is checked. If there is at least one trace interruption, the test result is considered unsatisfactory. Tests are carried out on two product samples at least once per shift. 4.2.4. Acceptance and periodic control laboratory tests are recorded in control logs. 4.3. Control methods during type tests.4.3.1. The heat transfer resistance of the product is determined according to GOST 26602-85.4.3.2. The air permeability of products is determined according to GOST 25891-83.4.3.3. The level of sound noise reduction is determined according to GOST 25891-83.4.3.4. The overall coefficient of light transmission is determined by the methods approved in the prescribed manner. 4.3.5. The reliability of products, resistance to static loads is determined according to GOST 23747-88.4.3.6. The determination of the tightness of double-glazed windows and the dew point inside the double-glazed windows is carried out according to GOST 24866-89.4.3.7. The durability of double-glazed windows and sealing gaskets, as well as the quality indicators of devices and hinges, is determined according to the methods agreed by the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation.4.3.8. The strength of corner joints is determined according to GOST 23166-78.5. TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
5.1. Products are transported by all means of transport in accordance with the rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.5.2. When transporting products by rail, the direction of glazing must coincide with the direction of traffic.5.3. Products should be stored in covered dry rooms in a vertical position at an angle of 10 - 15 ° C on wooden linings, sorted by type and size. Gaskets of the same thickness should be laid between the products. 5.4. The conditions of storage, transportation, as well as loading and unloading of products must ensure their complete safety.6. INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
Operation of products - according to requirements of the instruction for installation and operation.7. MANUFACTURER WARRANTY
The manufacturer guarantees the conformity of the products to the requirements of these technical conditions, provided that the consumer observes the conditions for transportation, storage, installation and operation of the products. The warranty period for the products is 3 years from the date of shipment of the products by the manufacturer.
Measurement of permanent deformation with a test square
Option of fastening the sample using bolted connection through holes pre-drilled in the sample
Scheme of laboratory tests of corner joints of sashes and frames
1 - support / channel /, 2 - stop-counter profile; 3- sample; 4 - load application point; 5-removable sample clamps
The scheme of testing double-glazed windows for tightness
1 - capacity; 2 - a sample of a double-glazed window; 3 - hard rubber lining; 4 - steel plate 200 ´ 300 mm
Scheme for determining deviations from the shape of profile elements
a - the size of the deviations from the transverse straightness; b - the size of the deviation from the longitudinal straightness; D h \u003d h 1 - h 2 - the size of deviations from flatness; 1 - control sample; 2 - reference surface; 3 - metal ruler
Scheme for determining deviations from the shape of window elements
D S i - the size of deviations from straightness; D S - the size of deviations from flatness; 1 - control sample; 2 - reference surface; 3 - metal ruler
APPLICATION
The + sign indicates non-opening sashes
Application
Examples of architectural drawings of windows
Application
Types of windows depending on opening options and examples of installation of linings when installing double-glazed windows
1 - bearing pads; 2 - spacers
2* with overturning sashes, these linings will be carriers
Application
Examples of installation of linings when installing double-glazed windows
Application
Examples of installation of linings when installing double-glazed windows
Window with bars Window with bars
(adjustable pads are not installed)
Entrance doors Entrance doors with side panel
The main types and designs of single-chamber double-glazed windows
1 - glass; 2 - low-emission heat-reflecting coating; 3 - dividing frame; 4 - dryer; 5 - inner chamber; 6 - butyl sealant; 7 - polysulfide sealant; 8 - protective anti-shatter film.
The main types and designs of double-glazed windows
|
1 Type of double-glazed window |
2 Heat transfer resistance sq.m °С/W |
3;3 N Airborne sound insulation, dBA |
| 1 - filling - air; argon |
0,45 - 0,50; 0,50 - 0,55 |
|
| 2; 2 N - low emission coating; the same + argon |
0,60 - 0,65; 0,68 - 0,72 |
|
| 3, 3 N - film with low emission coating; the same + argon |
0,62 - 0,70; 0,75 - 0,85 |
1 - glass; 2 - air chamber; 3 - dividing frame; 4 - dryer; 5 - polysulfide sealant; 6 - heat-reflecting coating; 7 - film with a heat-reflecting coating; 8 - butyl sealant.
Application
Scheme of placement of support pads
1 - supporting bearing lining; 2 - remote fixing lining; 3 - translucent filling
List of standards referenced in this specification
| GOST 111-90 | Sheet glass. Specifications. |
| GOST 166-89 | Calipers. Specifications. |
| GOST 427-75 | Metal measuring rulers. Specifications. |
| GOST 7502-89 | Roulettes measuring metal. Specifications. |
| GOST 8828-89 | Base paper and two-layer waterproof packaging paper. |
| GOST 10354-82 | The film is polyethylene. Specifications. |
| GOST 16338-85E | Polyethylene low pressure. Specifications. |
| GOST 21519-87 | windows and balcony doors from aluminum alloys. General specifications. |
| GOST 22233-94 | Pressed profiles from aluminum alloys for enclosing building structures. Specifications. |
| GOST 23166-78 | Windows and balcony doors are wooden. General specifications. |
| GOST 23747-88 | Doors made of aluminum alloys. General specifications. |
| GOST 24866-89 | Double-glazed windows are glued. Specifications. |
| GOST 25891-83 | Buildings and constructions. Methods for determining the resistance to air penetration of enclosing structures. |
| GOST 26602-85 | Window. Method for determining the resistance to heat transfer. |
| GOST 27296-87 | Sound insulation of enclosing structures. Test methods. |
| GOST 30109-94 | Wooden doors. Burglary resistance test methods. |
| GOST 9.031-74 | ESEX. Anode-oxide coatings of semi-finished products from aluminum and its alloys. General requirements and control methods. |
| GOST 9.301-86 | ESEX. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements. |
| GOST 9.303-84 | ESEX. Metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings. General requirements for selection. |
|
Change Registration Sheet |
|||||||||
|
Sheet (page) numbers |
Total sheets (pages) in the document. |
Document Number |
Incoming number of accompanying document and date |
||||||
|
changed |
replaced |
annulled |
|||||||
|
Characteristic name |
Meaning |
| 1. Reduced resistance to heat transfer, m 2 × ° C / W: | |
| - with single pane glass | |
| - the same, with a heat-reflecting coating | |
| - with double glazing | |
| - the same, with a heat-reflecting coating | |
| 2. Sound insulation index, dBA | |
| 3. Total light transmittance | |
| 4. Air permeability, kg × m 2 × h |
PRODUCT CATALOG
TsSM code 01 200 KGS/OKS group 02-Zh34 Registration number 03-016333
| OKP code | 527000 | |
| Name of product | Aluminum alloy windows and doors | |
| Product designation | - | |
| Designation of normative or technical. document /instead/ | TU 5270-001-44991977-97 | |
| Name of the normative or technical document | Windows and doors made of aluminum alloys. Specifications | |
| Manufacturer's code according to OKPO | 44991977 | |
| Name of the manufacturer | OOO Tekhnokom LTD | |
| Manufacturer's address /zip code, city, street, house/ | ||
| Telephone | /095/917-29-64 | |
| Telefax | /095/917-23-05 | |
| Telex | - | |
| Teletype | - | |
| Name of original holder | OOO Tekhnokom LTD | |
| Original holder's address /zip code, city, street, house/ | 103062, Moscow, Lyalin per., 7/2, office 9 | |
| Production start date | 01.11.97 | |
| Date of entry into force of the rules. or tech. document |
|
Aluminum doors are quite popular today, but in order to meet the stated characteristics, they must meet the requirements of GOST. Otherwise, part useful qualities will be lost, and it will be unsafe to use them.
Requirements for products made of aluminum alloys are described in GOST 23747
Design and types
The door unit consists of a frame and internal filling. The frame is made of aluminum, mainly double-glazed windows are installed between the profiles. Additionally, blind inserts are used, which can occupy the entire internal area or only the lower part, depending on the design.
According to the method of opening doors made of aluminum profile are divided into the following types:
- hinged - standard hinged canvases that open in one direction;
- sliding - thin doors mounted on a roller system;
- pendulum - variation swing structures, which open in both directions through the use of non-standard loops.
Varieties of designs
Scope of use
Doors made of aluminum and its alloys are now widely used to fill openings in places with a large flow of people. Due to the characteristics of the material and the quality of the fasteners, the design is able to withstand heavy traffic without major functional changes.
These or other types of aluminum doors are used in almost all office buildings, hotels, supermarkets, boutiques, salons and others. in public places. Reliably protect the premises from external factors and the penetration of robbers at night. At the same time, they fit well into the surrounding design and easily adapt to specific stylistic conditions.
Aluminum structures are common in public buildings with high traffic
As for use in residential premises, such doors are mainly mounted in modern apartment buildings with concierge and security. Lightweight models are used inside an individual dwelling.
To a greater extent, such products are suitable for ultra-modern high-tech interiors, bright painted models are typical for fusion, pop art and the like.
Distinguishing Benefits
Although aluminum does not have super strength, a number of characteristics distinguish it from other materials used for the manufacture of door structures.
Advantages of aluminum profile:
- Environmental friendliness. The material is safe to use, does not contain harmful impurities in its composition, does not emit substances hazardous to health and does not have a radioactive background.
- Ease. Despite the fact that aluminum is still a metal, structures with its use look quite elegant and surprisingly light, which simplifies the process of their transportation, installation and further operation. There is no heavy load on the door frame, walls and other load-bearing elements of buildings.
- Durability. The material is strong enough and resistant to abrasion, even if the conditions of careful handling are not observed.
- wear resistance. Aluminum doors are able to withstand 100,000 opening and closing cycles, resist adverse environmental conditions well, they are not afraid of strong wind, precipitation, frost and sunlight. Aluminum does not give in to corrosion, well transfers mechanical loadings and blows, and also does not react to household chemicals.
- Design. Although aluminum and its alloys belong to the category of metals, it is possible to create very elegant door models from this material. In addition, it can be repainted and brought out in various forms, combining with other materials.
- Plastic. Aluminum can be easily machined in production, which allows the constant expansion of the range and the creation of amazing door models at minimal cost.
Environmental friendliness, lightness and durability are the main advantages of aluminum structures
Despite such significant advantages, not all products on sale correspond to the declared characteristics. To positive traits were disclosed in full, every detail of the aluminum structure must meet the requirements of GOST standards.
In addition, such models may not always organically fit into the interior of the room. This is important to consider when choosing door structure for a residential or public building.
Primary requirements
The main regulatory document is GOST 23747 "Aluminum alloy door blocks". The requirements described in it are divided into several categories. The first one concerns directly specifications products and general provisions regarding the construction.
Every aluminum door must be tested for resistance to heat transfer and air permeability. Permissible standards are regulated by separate documents: GOST 26254 and 25891. In addition, products must withstand a serious static load and endure at least 100,000 opening and closing cycles without compromising integrity and reducing quality. It is important to note that the applied force should not exceed 50 N.
As for design and other design features, the door can be fully glazed or divided into blind and transparent. The size of the lower section is allowed no more than 1 m to the light-tight part.
Full or partial glazing is considered a design feature
GOST standards provide for the manufacture of a frame from an extruded aluminum profile. The type of materials and their parameters are also regulated in order to prevent twisting of the metal and rapid wear of the structure during operation. Fasteners are made from steel grades established by the standards. To fill the frame, it is allowed to use sheets and an extruded profile with a thickness of 5-6 mm. Glass in double-glazed windows should be of the same thickness, the total size of which varies between 15-28 mm. It is necessary to provide protection that excludes the dismantling of the door for the purpose of breaking.
The maximum deviations of the dimensions of the box and the web are regulated by separately derived values for each typical case, they can vary between 0-1.5 mm.
Sealing and insulation
First of all, you should pay attention to the maximum allowable gaps between the frame and the door leaf. Along the perimeter, they cannot exceed 3 mm. If we consider the doorway from the front side, when installing the product, the difference with the box should not be more than 2 mm. Gaps during the installation of double-glazed windows and other parts at the points of their connection - 0.3 mm. It is allowed to increase this space up to 1 mm, but in this case, in addition to the glazing beads, additional sealant must be used.
As for the filling of the joints itself, sealants without glue are used on the porch and at the junction of the frame. They must be of such dimensions that in the closed position there is no gap between the box and the canvas. On each side of the perimeter, continuous gaskets made of light-ozone-frost-resistant rubber or plastic are required. Sealant may be used as an alternative. The types of glue used are regulated by GOST 23747.
To fill the frame, support and fixing pads with clearly defined minimum dimensions are required, made of low-density polyethylene, ozone-resistant rubber or wood with antiseptic treatment.
Schematic representation of the filling of the aluminum profile frame
External coating
An equally important issue concerns the design and protective layer. According to GOST, the following materials are allowed:
- obligatory treatment with an anode-lacquer composition, except for construction liners;
- in the process of manufacturing the product, the type of anodic oxide coating is separately agreed upon;
- according to GOST, the use of third-class paintwork materials is recommended;
- the thickness of the applied layer is set at least 70 microns;
- the absence of an outer layer in inconspicuous areas of the product is allowed due to machining these zones;
- after assembling the structure, it is impossible to apply an anode-oxide, zinc and cadmium coating.
In addition, it is important to take into account the quality requirements metal surface. The boundaries of permissible defects are documented in GOST 9378. If the standards are not met, aluminum profile door blocks should not be allowed for sale and further use. If the manufacturer complies with all these requirements and takes into account the wishes of the customer, the output will be an ideal aluminum door.
Download GOST 23747
- GOST 23747-88 Aluminum alloy doors. General specifications
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