Fire safety systems sp 5.13 130.2009. Fire protection systems. Fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations are automatic. Design norms and rules. to the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia

Note: SP 5.13130.2009 with amendments No. 1 "Fire protection systems. Installations fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishers. Design norms and rules" was replaced by SP 5.13130.2013.

SP 5.13130.2009 as amended No. 1 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design standards and rules"

Foreword
1 area of use
2. Regulatory references
3. Terms and definitions
4. General provisions
5. Water and foam fire extinguishing installations
6. Fire extinguishing installations with high expansion foam
7. Robotic fire complex
8. Gas fire extinguishing installations
9. Powder fire extinguishing installations of modular type
10. Aerosol fire extinguishing installations
11. Autonomous fire extinguishing installations
12. Control equipment for fire extinguishing installations
13. Fire alarm systems
14. Interrelation of fire alarm systems with other systems and engineering equipment of objects
15. Power supply of fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations
16. Protective grounding and zeroing. Safety requirements
17. General provisions taken into account when choosing technical means of fire automatics
Appendix A List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms. General provisions
1. I. Buildings
2. II. Structures
3. III. Premises
4. IV. Equipment
Appendix B Groups of premises (production and technological processes) according to the degree of risk of fire development, depending on their functional purpose and fire load of combustible materials
Appendix B Method for calculating the parameters of AFS during surface fire extinguishing with water and low expansion foam
Appendix D Method for calculating the parameters of fire extinguishing installations with high-expansion foam
Appendix D. Initial data for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agents
Appendix E Method for calculating the mass of a gas fire extinguishing agent for gas fire extinguishing installations when extinguishing by volumetric method
Annex G. Technique for hydraulic calculation of low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installations
Appendix H Method for calculating the area of the opening for relieving excess pressure in rooms protected by gas fire extinguishing installations
Appendix I. General provisions for the calculation of powder fire extinguishing installations of a modular type
Appendix K. Method for calculating automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations
Annex L. Method for calculating overpressure when supplying fire-extinguishing aerosol to a room
Application M. The choice of types of fire detectors depending on the purpose of the protected premises and the type of fire load
Annex H. Places of installation of manual fire detectors depending on the purpose of buildings and premises
Appendix O. Determination of the set time for the detection of a malfunction and its elimination
Annex P. Distances from the upper overlap point to the measuring element of the detector
Appendix R. Methods for improving the reliability of a fire signal
Bibliography

FOREWORD

Goals and principles of standardization in Russian Federation established by the Federal Law of December 27, 202 No. 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation", and the rules for applying sets of rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for developing and approving sets of rules" of November 19, 2008 No. 858.

Information about the set of rules SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design standards and rules"

DEVELOPED FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia
INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 274 "Fire Safety"
APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY EMERCOM of Russia Order No. 175 dated March 25, 2009
REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
Amendment No. 1 was introduced, approved and put into effect by Order No. 274 of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated June 01, 2011. Date of entry into force of Amendment No. 1 is June 20, 2011.

1 AREA OF USE

1.1 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" was developed in accordance with Articles 42, 45, 46, 54, 83, 84, 91, 103, 104, 111 - 116 federal law dated July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements", is a regulatory document on fire safety in the field of standardization of voluntary use and establishes norms and rules for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm systems.

1.2 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" applies to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations for buildings and structures for various purposes, including those built in areas with special climatic and natural conditions. The need to use fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations is determined in accordance with Appendix A, standards, codes of practice and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.

1.3 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" does not apply to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations:

buildings and structures designed according to special standards;
technological installations located outside buildings;
warehouse buildings with mobile racks;
warehouse buildings for storing products in aerosol packaging;
warehouse buildings with a cargo storage height of more than 5.5 m.

1.4 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" does not apply to the design of fire extinguishing installations for extinguishing class D fires (according to GOST 27331), as well as chemically active substances and materials, including:

reacting with a fire extinguishing agent with an explosion (organoaluminum compounds, alkali metals);
decomposing when interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with the release of combustible gases (organolithium compounds, lead azide, aluminum, zinc, magnesium hydrides);
interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with a strong exothermic effect ( sulfuric acid, titanium chloride, thermite);
spontaneously combustible substances (sodium hydrosulfite, etc.).

1.5 SP 5.13130.2009 "Fire protection systems. Automatic fire alarm and fire extinguishing installations. Design norms and rules" can be used in the development of special specifications for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.

Other documents

SP 2.13130.2012 Fire protection systems. Ensuring the fire resistance of protected objects

DOC, 304.0 KB

The number of point fire detectors installed in the room is determined by the need to solve two main tasks: ensuring high reliability of the fire alarm system and high reliability of the fire signal (low probability of generating a false alarm).

First of all, it is necessary to designate the functions performed by the fire alarm system, namely, whether the fire protection systems (fire extinguishing, warning, smoke removal, etc.) are triggered by the fire detectors signal, or the system provides only a fire alarm in the premises of the duty personnel .

If the function of the system is only to signal a fire, then it can be assumed that the negative consequences of generating a false alarm are negligible. Based on this premise, in rooms whose area does not exceed the area protected by one detector (according to tables 13.3, 13.5), to increase the reliability of the system, two detectors are installed, switched on according to the OR logic circuit (a fire signal is generated when any one of two installed detectors). In this case, in case of uncontrolled failure of one of the detectors, the fire detection function will be performed by the second one. If the detector is capable of testing itself and transmitting information about its malfunction to the control panel (meets the requirements of clause 13.3.3 b), c)), then one detector can be installed in the room. In large rooms, detectors are installed at a standard distance .

Similarly, for flame detectors, each point of the protected premises must be controlled by two detectors connected according to the OR logic circuit (in clause 13.8.3, when it was published, a technical error, therefore, instead of “according to the logical circuit “AND””, it should be read “according to the logical circuit “OR””), or by one detector that meets the requirements of clause 13.3.3 b), c).

If it is necessary to generate a control signal for a fire protection system, then when designing, the design organization must determine whether this signal will be generated from one detector, which is acceptable for the systems listed in clause 14.2, or whether the signal will be generated according to clause 14.1, i.e. e. when two detectors are triggered (logical "AND").

The use of the "AND" logical scheme makes it possible to increase the reliability of the formation of a fire signal, since a false operation of one detector will not cause the formation of a control signal. This algorithm is required to control fire extinguishing and warning systems of the 5th type. To control other systems, you can get by with an alarm signal from one detector, but only if the false activation of these systems does not lead to a decrease in the level of people's safety and / or unacceptable material losses. The rationale for such a decision should be displayed in the explanatory note to the project. In this case, it is necessary to apply technical solutions to improve the reliability of the formation of a fire signal. Such solutions may include the use of so-called "intelligent" detectors that provide an analysis of the physical characteristics of fire factors and (or) the dynamics of their change, providing information about their critical state (dustiness, pollution), the use of the function of re-requesting the state of detectors, taking measures to eliminate (reduction) of the impact on the detector of factors similar to fire factors and capable of causing a false alarm.

If during the design it was decided to generate control signals for fire protection systems from one detector, then the requirements for the number and arrangement of detectors coincide with the above requirements for systems that perform only the signaling function. The requirements of clause 14.3 do not apply.

If the fire protection system control signal is generated from two detectors switched on, in accordance with clause 14.1, according to the “AND” logical scheme, then the requirements of clause 14.3 come into force. The need to increase the number of detectors to three, or even four, in rooms with a smaller area controlled by one detector, follows from the high reliability of the system in order to maintain its performance in the event of an uncontrolled failure of one detector. When using detectors with a self-test function and transmitting information about their malfunction to the control panel (meets the requirements of clause 13.3.3 b), c)) two detectors necessary for the implementation of the "AND" function can be installed in the room, but on condition that the operability of the system is maintained by the timely replacement of the failed detector.

In large rooms, in order to save the time of generating a fire signal from two detectors switched on according to the “AND” logical scheme, the detectors are installed at a distance of no more than half of the standard one, so that the fire factors reach and trigger two detectors in a timely manner. This requirement applies to detectors located along the walls and to detectors along one of the axes of the ceiling (at the choice of the designer). The distance between the detectors and the wall remains standard.

Application of GOTV Freon 114V2

In accordance with the International Documents for the Protection of the Earth's Ozone Layer (the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Earth's Ozone Layer and a number of amendments to it) and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. state regulation production of ozone-depleting substances in the Russian Federation, the production of freon 114B2 has been discontinued.

In pursuance of International agreements and the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, the use of freon 114B2 in newly designed installations and installations whose service life has expired is recognized as inappropriate.

As an exception, the use of freon 114V2 in AUGP is provided for fire protection of especially important (unique) objects, with the permission of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation.

For fire protection of objects with the presence of electronic equipment (telephone exchanges, server rooms, etc.), ozone-non-destructive freons 125 (C2 F5H) and 227 ea (C3F7H) are used.

MINISTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION FOR CIVIL DEFENSE, EMERGENCIES AND DISASTER RELIEF

SET OF RULES

SP 5.13130 as amended in 2016

Official edition

Foreword

The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ "On Technical Regulation", and the rules for applying sets of rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation "On the procedure for developing and approving sets of rules" of November 19, 2008 No. 858

About the set of rules

1 DEVELOPED FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TK 274 "Fire Safety"

4 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology

5 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME

Information about changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, a corresponding notice will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notification and texts are also placed in the information system common use- on the official website of the developer (FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia) on the Internet

EMERCOM of Russia, 2009 FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, 2009

This set of rules cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication on the territory of the Russian Federation without the permission of the Russian Emergencies Ministry and FGU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia

1 Scope ...............................1

3 Terms and definitions....................3

4 General provisions...................9

5 Water and foam fire extinguishing installations .............................. 10

6 Fire-fighting systems with high-expansion foam....................................27

7 Robotic fire complex ..................................28

8 Gas extinguishing installations...............................30

9 Modular type powder fire extinguishing installations....................................37

10 Aerosol fire extinguishing installations...............................39

11 Self-contained fire extinguishing installations..............................43

12 Control equipment for fire-extinguishing installations...............................43

13 Fire alarm systems..............................48

14 Interrelation of fire alarm systems with other systems and engineering equipment of objects.................................................59

15 Power supply for fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations .................................60

16 Protective earthing and zeroing. Safety Requirements..............................61

17 General provisions taken into account when choosing technical means of fire automatics .............................. 62

Annex A List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment subject to

protection by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms..................................................63

Annex B Groups of premises (production and technological processes) according to the degree of fire hazard, depending on their functional purpose

and fire load of combustible materials...............................70

Appendix C Methodology for calculating the parameters of AFS for surface fire extinguishing with water

and low expansion foam.......................71

Annex D Methodology for calculating the parameters of fire extinguishing installations of high expansion

foam............79

Annex D Initial data for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agents .............................. 80

Annex E Methodology for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agent for installations

gas fire extinguishing when extinguishing by volumetric method .................................. 83

Appendix G Methodology for hydraulic calculation of carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installations

low pressure.................................85

Appendix H Methodology for calculating the opening area for relieving excess pressure in rooms protected by gas fire extinguishing installations .................................................................. 88

Annex I General provisions for the calculation of powder fire extinguishing installations of a modular type .............................................. 89

Annex K Methodology for calculating automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations .............................. 92

Annex L Methodology for calculating overpressure when supplying fire extinguishing aerosol

indoors..................96

Appendix M Selection of types of fire detectors depending on the purpose of the protected premises and the type of fire load .............................................................. 97

Annex H Locations for installation of manual fire detectors, depending on the purpose

buildings and premises...................98

Annex O Determination of the set time for detecting a malfunction and its

Troubleshooting...................99

Appendix P Distances from the upper overlap point to the measuring element of the detector..................................................100

Annex R Techniques for improving the reliability of the fire signal .............................................. 101

Bibliography...................102

SET OF RULES

Fire protection systems

FIRE ALARM AND FIRE EXTINGUISHING INSTALLATIONS, AUTOMATIC

Design norms and rules

Systems of fire protection.

Automatic fire-extinguishing and alarm systems. Designing and regulations.

Introduction date 2009-05-01

1 area of use

1.1 This set of rules was developed in accordance with Articles 42, 45, 46, 54, 83, 84, 91, 103, 104, 111-116 of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" , is a regulatory document on fire safety in the field of standardization of voluntary use and establishes the norms and rules for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.

1.2 This set of rules applies to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems for buildings and structures for various purposes, including those being built in areas with special climatic and natural conditions. The need to use fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations is determined in accordance with Appendix A, standards, codes of practice and other documents approved in the prescribed manner.

1.3 This set of rules does not apply to the design of automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations:

Buildings and structures designed according to special standards,

Technological installations located outside buildings,

Warehouse buildings with mobile racks,

Warehouse buildings for storing products in aerosol packaging,

Warehouse buildings with a cargo storage height of more than 5.5 m.

1.4 This set of rules does not apply to the design of fire extinguishing installations for extinguishing class D fires (according to GOST 27331), as well as chemically active substances and materials, including:

Reactive with explosive fire extinguishing agent (organoaluminum compounds, alkali metals),

Decomposing upon interaction with a fire extinguishing agent with the release of combustible gases (organolithium compounds, lead azide, aluminum, zinc, magnesium hydrides),

Interacting with a fire extinguishing agent with a strong exothermic effect (sulfuric acid, titanium chloride, thermite),

Self-igniting substances (sodium hydrosulfite, etc.).

1.5 This set of rules can be used in the development of special specifications for the design of automatic fire extinguishing and alarm installations.

Official edition

This code of practice uses normative references to the following standards:

GOST R 50588-93 Foam agents for extinguishing fires. Are common technical requirements and test methods

GOST R 50680-94 Automatic water fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 50800-95 Automatic foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 50969-96 Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 51043-2002 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Sprinklers. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 51046-97 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishing aerosol generators. Types and basic parameters

GOST R 51049-2008 Fire fighting equipment. Fire pressure hoses. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 51052-2002 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Control nodes. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 51057-2001 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishers are portable. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST 51091-97 Automatic powder fire extinguishing installations. Types and basic parameters

GOST R 51115-97 Fire fighting equipment. Trunks fire monitors combined. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 51737-2001 Automatic water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Detachable pipeline couplings. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 51844-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire cabinets. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53278-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire valves. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53279-2009 Connecting heads for fire fighting equipment. Types, basic parameters and dimensions

GOST R 53280.3 Automatic fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing agents. Part 3. Gas extinguishing agents. Test Methods

GOST R 53280.4-2009 Automatic fire extinguishing installations. Fire extinguishing agents. Part 4. General purpose fire extinguishing powders. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53281-2009 Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. modules and batteries. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53284-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishing aerosol generators. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53315-2009 Cable products. fire safety requirements. Test methods GOST R 53325-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Technical means of fire automatics. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53331-2009 Fire fighting equipment. Trunks fire manual. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST R 53329-2009 Robotized water and foam fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test Methods

GOST 2.601-95 ESKD Operational documents

GOST 9.032-74 ESZKS Paint coatings. Groups, technical requirements and designations GOST 12.0.001-82 SSBT Basic provisions

GOST 12.0.004-90 SSBT Organization of labor safety training. General provisions GOST 12.1.004-91 Fire safety. General requirements

GOST 12.1.005-88 SSBT General sanitary and hygienic requirements for air working area GOST 12.1.019-79 SSBT Electrical safety. General requirements and nomenclature of types of protection

GOST 12.1.030-81 SSBT Electrical safety. Protective grounding, grounding GOST 12.1.033-81 SSBT Fire safety. Terms and definitions GOST 12.1.044-89 SSBT Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indicators and methods for their determination

GOST 12.2.003-91 SSBT Industrial equipment. General safety requirements. GOST 12.2.007.0-75 SSBT Electrical products. General safety requirements GOST 12.2.047-86 SSBT Fire fighting equipment. Terms and Definitions

GOST 12.2.072-98 Industrial robots. Robotic technological complexes. Safety requirements and test methods

GOST 12.3.046-91 SSBT Automatic fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements

GOST 12.4.009-83 SSBT Fire equipment for the protection of facilities. Main views, accommodation and service

GOST R 12.4.026-2001 SSBT Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. Purpose and rules of application. General technical requirements and characteristics. Test Methods

GOST 3262-75 Steel water-gas pipes. Specifications GOST 8732-78 Seamless hot-formed steel pipes. Assortment GOST 8734-75 Cold-formed seamless steel pipes. Assortment GOST 10704-91 Straight-seam electric-welded steel pipes. Assortment GOST 14202-69 Pipelines of industrial enterprises. Identification painting, warning signs and labels

GOST 14254-96 Degrees of protection provided by shells

GOST 15150-69 Machinery, instruments and others technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, conditions of operation, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of environmental climatic factors

GOST 21130-75 Electrical products. Grounding clamps and grounding signs. Design and dimensions

GOST 23511-79 Industrial radio interference from electrical devices operated in residential buildings or connected to their electrical networks. Norms and methods of measurement GOST 27331-87 Fire fighting equipment. Fire classification

GOST 28130-89 Fire fighting equipment. Fire extinguishers, fire extinguishing and fire alarm installations. Conditional graphic symbols

GOST 28338-89* Piping connections and fittings. Conditional passages (nominal dimensions). ranks

Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards, sets of rules and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which is published on as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the corresponding monthly published information indexes published in current year. If the reference standard is replaced (modified), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replacing (modified) standard. If the referenced standard is canceled without replacement, the provision in which the reference to it is given applies to the extent that this reference is not affected.

3 Terms and definitions

In this set of rules, the following terms are used with their respective definitions:

3.1 automatic start of the fire extinguishing installation: Starting the installation from its technical means without human intervention.

3.2 automatic fire extinguishing installation (AFS): A fire extinguishing installation that automatically operates when the controlled fire factor (factors) exceeds the established threshold values in the protected area.

1 area of use
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General provisions
5 Water and foam fire extinguishing systems
5.1 Fundamentals
5.2 Sprinkler installations
5.3 Deluge installations
5.4 Water mist fire extinguishing installations
5.5 Sprinkler AFS with forced start
5.6 Sprinkler-drencher AFS
5.7 Installation piping
5.8 Control units
5.9 Water supply of installations and preparation of foam solution
5.10 Pumping stations
6 Fire extinguishing systems with high expansion foam
6.1 Scope
6.2 Classification of installations
6.3 Design
7 Robotic fire complex
7.1 Fundamentals
7.2 Requirements for installing a RPK fire alarm
8 Gas extinguishing installations
8.1 Scope
8.2 Classification and composition of installations
8.3 Extinguishing media
8.4 General requirements
8.5 Volumetric fire extinguishing installations
8.6 Quantity of gas extinguishing agent
8.7 Timing
8.8 Receptacles for gaseous extinguishing agent
8.9 Piping
8.10 Incentive systems
8.11 Nozzles
8.12 Fire fighting station
8.13 Local start devices
8.14 Requirements for protected premises
8.15 Local fire extinguishing installations by volume
8.16 Safety requirements
9 Modular type powder fire extinguishing installations
9.1 Scope
9.2 Design
9.3 Requirements for protected premises
9.4 Safety requirements
10 Aerosol fire extinguishing installations
10.1 Scope
10.2 Design
10.3 Requirements for protected premises
10.4 Safety requirements
11 Autonomous fire extinguishing installations
12 Control equipment for fire extinguishing installations
12.1 General requirements for control equipment of fire extinguishing installations
12.2 General signaling requirements
12.3 Water and foam fire extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. signaling requirements
12.4 Installations of gas and powder fire extinguishing. Requirements for control equipment. signaling requirements
12.5 Aerosol fire extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. signaling requirements
12.6 Water mist extinguishing installations. Requirements for control equipment. signaling requirements
13 Fire alarm systems
13.1 General provisions when choosing types of fire detectors for the protected object
13.2 Requirements for the organization of fire alarm control zones
13.3 Placement of fire detectors
13.4. Point smoke detectors
13.5 Linear smoke detectors
13.6 Point thermal fire detectors
13.7 Linear thermal fire detectors
13.8 Flame detectors
13.9 Aspirating smoke detectors
13.10 Gas fire detectors
13.11 Independent fire detectors
13.12 Flow detectors
13.13 Manual call points
13.14 Fire control devices, fire control devices. Equipment and its placement. Room for staff on duty
13.15 Fire alarm loops. Connecting and supply lines of fire automatics systems
14 Interrelation of fire alarm systems with other systems and engineering equipment of facilities
15 Power supply of fire alarm systems and fire extinguishing installations
16 Protective earthing and zeroing. Safety requirements
17 General provisions taken into account when choosing technical means of fire automatics
Annex A (mandatory) List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms
Appendix B (mandatory) Groups of premises (production and technological processes) according to the degree of fire hazard, depending on their functional purpose and fire load of combustible materials
Appendix B (recommended) Methodology for calculating the parameters of AFS for surface fire extinguishing with water and low expansion foam
Annex D (recommended) Method for calculating the parameters of fire extinguishing installations with high-expansion foam
Annex D (mandatory) Initial data for calculating the mass of gaseous fire extinguishing agents
Appendix E (recommended) Method for calculating the mass of gas fire extinguishing agent for gas fire extinguishing installations when extinguishing by volumetric method
Annex G (recommended) Methodology for hydraulic calculation of low pressure carbon dioxide fire extinguishing installations
Appendix H (recommended) Method for calculating the opening area for releasing excess pressure in rooms protected by gas fire extinguishing installations
Annex I (recommended) General provisions for the calculation of modular type powder fire extinguishing installations
Appendix K (mandatory) Method for calculating automatic aerosol fire extinguishing installations
Annex L (mandatory) Method for calculating excess pressure when fire extinguishing aerosol is supplied to the room
Appendix M (recommended) Selection of types of fire detectors depending on the purpose of the protected premises and the type of fire load
Annex H (recommended) Locations for installation of manual fire detectors depending on the purpose of buildings and premises
Annex O (informative) Determination of the set time for detecting a malfunction and eliminating it
Annex P (recommended) Distances from the upper overlap point to the measuring element of the detector
Annex P (recommended) Techniques for improving the reliability of the fire signal
Bibliography

13.3.1 The number of automatic fire detectors is determined by the need to detect fires in the controlled area of the premises or areas of the premises, and the number of flame detectors is determined by the controlled area of the equipment.
13.3.2 In each protected room, at least two fire detectors connected according to the OR logic circuit should be installed.

Note:

In the case of using an aspiration detector, unless specifically specified, it is necessary to proceed from the following provision: one air intake opening should be considered as one point (non-address) fire detector. In this case, the detector must generate a fault signal in the event of a deviation in the air flow rate in the air intake pipe by 20% from its initial value set as an operating parameter.

13.3.3 It is allowed to install one automatic fire detector in the protected premises or allocated parts of the premises, if the following conditions are simultaneously met:

a) the area of the premises is not greater than the area protected
fire detector specified in the technical
documentation for it, and no more than an average area,
specified in tables 13.3 - 13.6;

b) automatic performance monitoring is provided
fire detector under the influence of factors
external environment, confirming the fulfillment of their
functions, and a notification is generated about the health
(faults) on the control panel;

c) identification of a faulty detector is provided with
using light indication and the possibility of its replacement
duty personnel for a set time, determined
in accordance with Appendix O;
d) upon activation of a fire detector, it is not formed
signal to control fire extinguishing installations
or type 5 fire warning systems according to, as well as
other systems, the false functioning of which can
lead to unacceptable material losses or decrease
people's safety level.

13.3.4 Point fire detectors should be installed under the ceiling. If it is not possible to install detectors directly on the ceiling, they can be installed on cables, as well as walls, columns and other supporting building structures. When installing point detectors on walls, they should be placed at a distance of at least 0.5 m from the corner and at a distance from the ceiling in accordance with Appendix P. The distance from the top point of the ceiling to the detector at its installation site and depending on the height of the room and the shape of the ceiling can be determined in accordance with Appendix P or at other heights if the detection time is sufficient to perform fire protection tasks in accordance with GOST 12.1.004, which must be confirmed by calculation. When the detectors are suspended on a cable, their stable position and orientation in space must be ensured. In the case of aspiration detectors, it is allowed to install air sampling pipes both in the horizontal and vertical planes.
When placing fire detectors at a height of more than 6 m, the option of access to the detectors for maintenance and repair should be determined.
13.3.5 In rooms with steep roofs, such as diagonal, gable, four-slope, hipped, serrated, with a slope of more than 10 degrees, some of the detectors are installed in the vertical plane of the roof ridge or the highest part of the building.
The area protected by one detector installed in the upper parts of roofs is increased by 20%.

Note:

If the floor plane has different slopes, then the detectors are installed on surfaces with smaller slopes.

13.3.6 Placement of point heat and smoke fire detectors should be carried out taking into account air flows in the protected room caused by supply or exhaust ventilation, while the distance from the detector to the ventilation opening must be at least 1 m. In the case of an aspiration fire detector, the distance from the air intake pipe with holes to the ventilation opening is regulated by the allowable air flow for this type of detector.

13.3.7 The distances between the detectors, as well as between the wall and the detectors, given in tables 13.3 and 13.5, can be changed within the area given in tables 13.3 and 13.5.
13.3.8 If there are linear beams on the ceiling (Figure 1), the distances between point smoke and heat detectors across the beams M are determined according to Table 13.1. The distance of the edge detector from the wall should not exceed half M. The distance between the detectors L is determined according to tables 13.3 and 13.5, respectively, taking into account clause 13.3.10.

Table 13.1

Ceiling height (rounded to the nearest integer) H, m	Beam height, D, m	Maximum distance between two smoke (heat) detectors across beams, M, m
Until 3	More than 0.1 N	2,3 (1,5)
Up to 4	More than 0.1 N	2,8 (2,0)
Up to 5	More than 0.1 N	3,0 (2,3)
Until 6	More than 0.1 N	3,3 (2,5)
Up to 12	More than 0.1 N	5,0 (3,8)

M- distance between the detectors across the beams; L- distance between detectors along beams

Picture 1- Ceiling with beams

On ceilings with beams in the form of cells resembling honeycombs (Figure 2), detectors are installed in accordance with Table 13.2.