Who should change the vending machines in the stairwell. Proper replacement of circuit breakers in the panel. The cost of replacing machines
The complete process of replacing the machines in the shield from A to Z. Here you can find out cost of replacing machines, why they are generally installed or changed, what kind of machines are there, who should change the machines in your shield, is it possible to change the machines yourself, and how to properly audit an existing shield yourself. We will also tell you what is dangerous old machines and what you can save by replacing them.
The cost of replacing machines
Installation of the machine on a din rail
Dismantling the machine
DIN rail mounting
Installing a simple bus zero
RCD installation
Installation of a 4-pole RCD
Comb installation
Replacing traffic jams with machines
*Installation of vending machines does not include the continuity of lines, prices include installation of the vending machine on a ready-made DIN rail, with the connection of already marked cables to the vending machines. Also, the cost of replacing machines is influenced by such factors as: the ordering of wires, the number of "hands" that made changes to the shield, work under voltage (the inability to turn off the input), the type of shield (iron, plastic, ebonite, home-made), the location of the shield with machines ( hard-to-reach place, height, etc.)
Why and when to change the machines in the shield
If you don’t have machine guns, but old Soviet traffic jams, then you can find out the whole process of replacing traffic jams with machine guns and find out the replacement price.
First of all the need to replace machines caused by modern equipment and network loads. For example, plugs or old black Soviet switches do not correspond to today's shutdown rates, and do not always withstand loads and voltage drops. That is, they are outdated both physically and morally. And even the fact that they can still be found on sale should in no way confuse you. If you have seen any of the below - urgently change! Because in the case of electricity, the miser can lose everything. Moreover, the price of the issue is not the replacement of all wiring in the apartment.
Soviet machine guns "tears of an electrician"
Do not think that the main reason for the need to replace machines is their constant operation. Actually this is not true. And if the machines work, then usually for some good reason, and not because they "broke".
Circuit breakers in the first place protect all electrical circuit from overheating and fire, and also protect your electrical equipment from damage. And for starters, it would be nice to figure out the reason for the operation of the machine, and then make a decision about their possible replacement.
There are many reasons for triggering, and the most common of them are short circuits and overheating of conductors in machines (bad contact). Also, frequent failures in the operation of machines are current leaks (RCD or DIF machines are triggered), and a malfunction of the equipment itself also often affects their operation. There are arbitrary cases of switching off machines, but they happen extremely rarely, and it is in such cases that they must be urgently changed, because vending machines cannot be repaired.
On sale there are a great many different automatons such as USN, contactors, various relays and sensors for protection, time, temperature. In everyday life (except for the simplified tax system in private homes), such instances are quite rare, so we will not consider them in this article.
Types of machines and relays
- Bulkhead shield
Shield audit
Replacing machine guns in a shield should start first of all with its visual audit. First, without touching anything, you need to view all installed machines and connections to them. In most cases, this is enough to identify a malfunction in the electrical panel. Also, a visual inspection will help to point out errors made during the installation of the shield.
Checked correspondence of the nominal value of the machine to the cable section connected to it. All burns or melting of wires and clamps are determined. The reliability of all connections is checked manually (all clamps of automatic machines and zero tires are tightened).
And a hack
The main mistakes during installation
The most common mistakes made by inexperienced electricians are:
The main mistakes in mounting machines
It is important to remember that all work with the replacement of machines must be carried out with the mains voltage disconnected! Or a specially trained person with a permit to carry out work under voltage.
How to change automatic machines with your own hands
If you are a beginner, you should definitely equip yourself with an indicator to detect the phase. You will also need screwdrivers with insulated handles, round nose pliers, a knife or other cleaning tool. You may need a screwdriver and electrical tape. Be sure to buy yourself a headlamp. With a flashlight, the quality of work performed is always better! If an electrician doesn't have a headlamp, he's not an electrician.
electrician's tool
Of the materials, you will need the machines themselves, if necessary, a DIN rail and self-tapping screws for it. Zero tires for zeros and ground, wires, terminal blocks and comb.
Materials for replacing machines
Dismantling of machines
To start any work with machines, you must turn off the voltage supply to them. By turning off the power supply, you can safely dismantle them, while remembering (you can fix or mark) all incoming and outgoing connections. If necessary, the lines are redistributed, depending on the load or their logical correspondence (as you wish).
To remove the machine, you need to pry it with a flat screwdriver from below or from above, behind a special eyelet. This applies only to new machines, the old Soviet machines are unscrewed with a simple slotted screwdriver.
Line distribution
How to properly install machines
In order for the machine to sit firmly in its seat, it is necessary to securely fasten the DIN rail. If the DIN rail is installed correctly, the installed machine simply snaps onto it.
Installation and dismantling of the machine
How to insert the wires into the machine? It must always be remembered that no more than two wires can be inserted into one clamp (single-pole machine), and in no case copper with aluminum. You also need to remember that soft stranded wires (for example, NYM or PVA) must be crimped with a sleeve.
Jumpers between machines must be made with a cable of the same section, with a section of at least 4 sq. mm (or with a section corresponding to the expected load on this group of machines).
Legal advice:
1. Neighbors called an electrician to replace the machine, a short circuit occurred during its operation. Burnt household appliances. What to do and how to make a claim.
1.1. Call the emergency gang, they draw up an act, then carry out an examination of the equipment and write a lawsuit to the court.
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1.2. It is necessary to establish the cause of the occurrence of a short circuit by drawing up an act with the participation of a representative of the Criminal Code and assess the damage caused with the involvement of an appraiser (if there are receipts for the equipment, then at the cost indicated on the checks), then write a claim in any form, indicating what you want, how much and for what reason.
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2. At whose expense should the machine be replaced in the electrical panel on the landing.
2.1. It depends on which machine burned out - introductory or protective.
INTRODUCTION machine refers to common house property, it must be bought and replaced by the Criminal Code at the expense of the money that you pay monthly under the item “maintenance and repair of the home”
This is established by the "Rules for the maintenance of common property in apartment building»
(approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 N 491):
A PROTECTIVE machine is already the property of the owner. Accordingly, it will have to be bought and changed at the expense of the owner.
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3. Can I demand a free replacement of electric plugs with automatic machines?
3.1. Free - no
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4. Apartment in the state. hire. In the shield, the cable that goes from the machine to the meter burned out, plus half the wires on the twists. Do I understand correctly that the shields on the stairwell are common property, and the replacement of cables is carried out at the expense of the management company? The management company and the electrician unanimously repeat that at our expense. Where to go in this situation? Thanks in advance for your reply.
4.1. I think they are wrong. I also live in St. Petersburg. We recently had a battery leak, so we got it replaced free of charge, since it's a common property. Try to contact the 004 service first, if this does not help, then the hotline of the housing and communal services of your area (look at the phone numbers on the website of the Housing Committee). If this does not help, then the prosecutor's office.
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5. My name is Nikolai, I am 65 years old. My wife was deceived by a company that installed and replaced traffic jams with automatic machines. They installed a bar for automatic machines, a bus, 2 automatic machines of 16 amperes each, and one automatic diff, they took 25,600 rubles for everything.
Can I ask them to return the money, by asking them to exchange the goods for obviously one that is not? Will they say that according to the certificate of completion for installation signed by my wife, they are already damaged? Or what to do, I ask for help, all the pension from my wife's card was cleaned by scum.
5.1. File a claim under the Consumer Protection Act, then file a lawsuit in court.
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6. We turned the thread in the oil pan of the automatic gearbox, there is a danger that the bolt will not tighten properly during the next oil change. How to proceed?
6.1. Submit a claim on the basis of Article 29 of the Consumer Protection Act. And ask for the violations to be corrected. In case of refusal - a lawsuit.
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7. The light was turned off for non-payment. We paid the debt and at the same time paid for the replacement of the El / accounting meter. An electrician came, connected everything, installed it. After 4, a fire broke out in the instrument panel, all the machines burned out. Where and how to file a complaint?
7.1. Christina! First you need to apply with a claim to your Criminal Code, and then go to court with a claim for the recovery of the amount of damage. It may be necessary to conduct an examination of the goods (causes of failure). According to Article 1064 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation 1. Harm caused to the person or property of a citizen, as well as damage caused to property legal entity, is subject to compensation in full by the person who caused the harm. By law, the obligation to compensate for harm may be assigned to a person who is not the tortfeasor. The management company is responsible for the upkeep of the common property. According to Article 36 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation 1. The owners of premises in an apartment building own the common property in an apartment building, namely: 3) roofs enclosing load-bearing and non-bearing structures of this house, mechanical, electrical, sanitary and other equipment located in this house outside or inside the premises and serving more than one room; Good luck. IN.
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8. Who should pay for the repair of electrical equipment, for the replacement of the machine in the entrance? Thanks in advance.
8.1. Vladimir!
: In accordance with paragraphs 7 - 8 of the Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building, approved by a government decree Russian Federation dated 13.08.2006 N 491 (hereinafter referred to as the Rules), as part of the common property apartment building the intra-house power supply system is switched on, consisting of input cabinets, input distribution devices, protection equipment, ... Classifying the work that is necessary to eliminate problems in the power supply to current or major repairs depends on the content of the relevant work. Current repairs are carried out at the expense of a fee for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, monthly paid by tenants and owners of premises in an apartment building by the organization managing the building.
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9. When replacing electricity meters. Energy Supervision Specialist. A third-party connection to the automatic machines of my apartment was revealed (a common house was connected to the entire entrance) to whom to present a claim? It turns out I paid for the intercom for the entire entrance for several years!
9.1. Submit your complaint to your governing body. It was she who was the recipient of funds to pay for common house needs.
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10. When replacing the electricity meter. It was discovered by a specialist. Extraneous connection to the machines of my apartment * was connected to a common intercom for the entire entrance) to whom to present a claim?
10.1. In your case, a claim should be submitted to the management company, because. the owners of the premises pay for the locking device exactly there.
The management company receives funds for the maintenance and repair of places common use. The content includes payment for electricity for lighting common areas, incl. payment for electricity for the operation of the intercom (if it is not allocated in a separate column).
Do not forget to attach the act that established the connection to your intercom meter.
And also to calculate the losses caused to you (you can contact the appraisers).
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11. In 2018, the driver's license expires (10 years). Replacement required. Last year I became an invalid of the 2nd group. By the decision of the medical commission, he was allowed to drive a car cat. B with restriction (checkpoint - automatic). Do I have any benefits, discounts (financially) as a disabled person to pay for honey. certificates and fees for the replacement of water. certificates.?
11.1. Evgeny, unfortunately, there are no benefits for the 2nd group for paying the state duty to the traffic police for replacing a driver's license, as well as for passing a medical examination.
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12. I have the rights of a tractor driver-machinist issued in 1999, categories A and B. When restoring and replacing at this time, which categories will I have in the new certificate? Will they automatically open category A 1 for me (for an ATV)? Thank you.
12.1. When replacing the old-style tractor driver's license, categories A and B fall under categories B and C of the new-style certificate. It will not work automatically, because you will need to study category T. Please.
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13. I am from the GSSR, I was born on April 26, 1970. 88-90 served as a conscript,
92 g was registered in Blagoveshchensk, Amur Region. there was no insert in the passport since the citizen became an automatic machine. This is how Russia was explained to me. After that, in 2001, he moved to Vladikavka and registered with cousin. Two years ago I gave my passport for a replacement at the age of 45. but I was refused a passport, arguing that it was not legal to obtain citizenship. What do you advise me to do. I can't go to Blagoveshchensk.
13.1. To answer your question, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the refusal of the Federal Migration Service if it is given in writing for further action. You can write to me on whatsapp.
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Consultation on your question
call from landlines and mobiles is free throughout Russia
14. On the landing, in the electrical panel, it is required to replace the machines (spark). Such a question, the apartment is not privatized, who should pay for the replacement of machines?
14.1. In YOUR case - to pay for the replacement of machines in the shield - the municipality - the owner of the apartment should
Good luck to you! Always happy to help
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15. We live in an apartment building.
Municipal apartment. The machine is in the switchboard, which is located on the site between the apartments. The electricians said that we should buy a machine and pay for its replacement. Is it legal to demand payment for these works?
15.1. This applies to current repairs, so you must pay because you live in this residential area and are accordingly registered. The municipality must, in accordance with Article 153 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, pay only for uninhabited apartments.
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15.2. No, this equipment is outside the apartment. You pay for rent and maintenance, so maintenance is the owner's burden, contact your landlord.
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16. Who should replace the machines in the panel of two floors if there is no Criminal Code and Homeowners' association. We can buy an automatic machine, but there is no one to change it.
16.1. Michael,
What is your form of government? Direct? Or is the CC just not working?
With a direct decision of the owners, you form a fund of funds for the maintenance and Maintenance, involve an electrician from the side and let him do it.
If, formally, a certain operating organization exists, get work from it or eliminate it by changing the contractor or the method of managing the MKD.
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17. The apartment belongs to me under a social contract. hiring, the circuit breakers burned out in it, which are responsible for the energy supply of the entire apartment, the organization of which we pay for the maintenance of housing said that the replacement of these switches costs 2000 rubles. plus our material... QUESTION: SHOULD I PAY FOR THESE SERVICES SEPARATELY OR SHOULD THEY BE INCLUDED IN THE MAINTENANCE PAYMENT? WHAT CAN I LEAD? THANK YOU.
17.1. Good day to you, such a replacement is carried out at the expense of the tenant of this housing, so you will have to pay for these services because they are included in the list of paid services provided to the population.
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17.2. You will have to pay the cost of these switches because their replacement is not included in the list of services and works specified in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04/03/2013 N 290 (as amended on 02/27/2017) "On the minimum list of services and works necessary to ensure proper maintenance common property in an apartment building, and the procedure for their provision and implementation" (together with ...
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17.3. Write a complaint about the actions of the management company, the replacement of switches located outside the apartment should be carried out at the expense of the management company.
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18. bought a Candy automatic washing machine touch panel, 5 months later the sensor failed, it was sent for repair! Can I get my money back or request a replacement product?
18.1. First time only free repair. If the defect is significant or it breaks again. You can either get your money back or ask for a replacement. Article 18 of the consumer protection law.
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18.2. unfortunately, the washing machine is a technically complex product, therefore, require a replacement or return Money possible only if the product has significant defects.
Good luck and all the best
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19. The car brand Lada Kalina automatic under warranty broke down (the engine control controller burned out). They promise a replacement within 45 days, you need to wait for a replacement to be sent from the factory. For me, this is a long time, I need a car on the go. What do you recommend?
19.1. Unfortunately, here you can only demand a replacement car, if, of course, there is one.
The fact is that repairs up to 45 days (inclusive) are all within the acceptable range. But further - the penalty will already run.
All the best. Thank you for choosing our site.
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20. I changed the Sberbank card to a new one, the old one broke. And I was transferred after the replacement of the card, the money was transferred to the account of the old card. Will they switch to a new one automatically?
20.1. Your special card account remains the same. Money for it will come. It's just that the binding will already be to a new plastic card.
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21. When checking the home electric meter, the inspector found out that the "machines" were unusable and needed to be replaced. Question: should the service unit replace them, for a fee or free of charge?
21.1. Replacement of electricity meters is carried out at the expense of the owner of the apartment, and in a municipal apartment - at the expense of the management company. Self-replacement of electricity meters is an administrative offense.
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21.2. Write a written request to the housing inspection of your city and they will explain to you the procedure for paying for work, taking into account your individual connection scheme.
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21.3. If you are the owner of the dwelling, then any replacement of meters is at your expense. Good luck Thank you for visiting our site.
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22. Who is responsible for replacing a burned-out RCD (device protective shutdown) in the electrical panel located on the landing of the MKD. The management company replaced the burned-out RCD with a two-pole machine. RCD was installed during the construction of the house.
22.1. this property is on the balance sheet of the management company, so all expenses are on them. Thank you for visiting our website.
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23. Is it possible to repair or replace the automatic transmission. Gearbox, under warranty, if it is known (examination proved) that upon purchase 1. the automatic transmission had a manufacturing defect and 2. there was a lack of 2 liters of oil in the automatic transmission. those. The car was sold with defects. The car was bought from an official with a 3-year warranty, a breakdown occurred 29,000 km in the second year of operation.
23.1. In accordance with consumer protection law, if a product is defective or breaks during the warranty period, you are entitled to a warranty repair.
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23.2. You are entitled to have the vehicle sold to you repaired during the warranty period if your breakdown is covered by the warranty. Contact the service center. The only way to successfully resolve your issue is with legal assistance. Always glad to help you!
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24. Is it possible to repair or replace an automatic transmission.
Gearbox, under warranty, if it is known (examination proved) that upon purchase 1. the automatic transmission had a manufacturing defect and 2. there was a lack of 2 liters of oil in the automatic transmission. those. The car was sold with defects. The car was bought from an official with a 3-year warranty, a breakdown occurred 29,000 km in the second year of operation. Do not make warranty repairs due to missed maintenance 1.
24.1. In this case, it is illegal, file a written claim, or immediately go to court
Thank you for your feedback!
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25. I have a BCDEF category tractor license, could I open any other subcategories when replacing with an automatic?
Each protective device has a certain period of operation, the circuit breaker is no exception. If this device fails, it must be replaced immediately. How to make a replacement correctly, as well as what causes of a malfunction, is important to know not only for an electrician, but for every homeowner so that he can fix the problem in an emergency. In this article, we will take a detailed look at how to replace the machine in the shield and who should pay for this work in different cases.
Reasons for replacing machines
There are two main reasons:
- Frequent operation of thermal protection.
- Constant work to the limit.
It happens that even after the first operation of the thermal protection system, the machine stops working. However, externally, this damage can not be seen. It is important to know that an electromagnetic and thermal release is not the same thing. Most often, breakdowns occur due to burning, and subsequently, complete combustion of the contact clamps, as well as the cases of modular devices themselves. This happens mainly through unreliable and poor-quality contact. If the wiring is made with aluminum wire, then the core will be weakened over time at the junctions. Aluminum is a softer metal and contact connections with aluminum wire weaken over time, aluminum "floats". In order to avoid negative consequences, it is necessary to tighten the contact clamps of the machines every 2-3 years.
Another reason is a factory marriage, but this is extremely rare. To avoid marriage, you should not save money and choose slot machines from well-known brands. We talked about it in a separate post. You should be careful, because during installation this marriage does not make itself felt, however, under load, it will definitely show itself. Regardless of the reason why the device stopped working, the machine should be replaced immediately, otherwise malfunctions can lead to.
Also, the need to replace protective devices arises if there are old plugs, and not new circuit breakers. About that, we also talked in detail!
Replacement technology
Removing the old circuit breaker
Repair or restoration of such devices is not carried out. The reason for this is enough complex scheme, and at the same time the purchase of new machines will be inexpensive. Basically, if this device breaks down, it is simply replaced with a new one with similar characteristics, that is, with the same rating, class, breaking capacity.
Before dismantling the machine, it is necessary to completely de-energize the line that feeds the replaced device from the mains. Sometimes the replacement is carried out under voltage, but in such cases, the replacement should only be carried out by a specialist. If work is carried out without turning off the electricity, then you should be very careful and careful, especially if the case is in very poor condition, as in the photo below.
Usually the clamping plates are welded to each other, which makes it impossible to loosen the clamping screw. To carry out dismantling in such a difficult situation, it is necessary to have certain skills and experience. To simplify the task, you should initially leave a supply of wires in the shield.
If the wire connected to the machine is melted, the machine is burnt, then when installing a new machine, the burnt, melted section of the wire must be completely removed and only a clean, newly stripped core should be connected to the new machine - this is the only way to be sure of reliability. That is, in any case, there should be a reserve. If there was no reserve and you had to connect a burnt wire, especially aluminum as in the photo, then it is highly likely that the contact of the machine will burn again, since the core that has been overheated no longer has the same load capacity and may be more fragile than a whole wire .
Most of circuit breakers in the electrical panel, it is only responsible for some separate line that feeds, for example, sockets or lighting in a residential building. Therefore, it is very simple to de-energize such a machine - you need to turn off the introductory bag, which is usually located on the stairwell at the entrance.
However, it may be necessary to replace the circuit breaker, which is located in front of the meter, it is also called the introductory machine. The introductory apparatus, if it is in Khrushchev or a multi-storey panel house, is also located on the stairs in the electrical panel. In private homes, such a device can be 380V, it is also called a three-pole machine. The replacement of such a circuit breaker is carried out by a specialist, because the introductory machines in the shield are sealed, and a considerable fine threatens to break the seal.
After the mains is turned off, you need to check with the indicator and make sure that the power is completely off. Next, you should choose the necessary screwdriver and unscrew the clamping screw. After disconnecting, the wires should be moved apart.
In new shields, circuit breakers are mounted on. If you do dismantling in such a shield, it is much easier. At the bottom of the device there is a hole into which a screwdriver is inserted and pulled down. After removing the lower latch, tighten the bottom of the machine.
However, many houses still have old-style circuit breakers that are not mounted on a rail, but are fixed with a long screw. It is very difficult to remove a device in which these screws are rusted or stuck.
Installing a new protection device
The first thing to do to replace the circuit breaker in the shield is to insert a new circuit breaker in place of the old one. The process is as follows: we put the latch of the upper part of the device on the rail and push the lower part until it stops and clicks. The next step is to work with wires. If necessary, they must be cleaned, then inserted into the clamping holes and tighten the screw. You should always pay attention to the condition of the connected wires, and if there are traces of melting, burning of the core, severe deformation of the core, then this area must be removed and the wire must be cleaned again for connection.
The performance of circuit breakers is checked by special equipment by loading them - checking the time-current characteristics. Without special equipment, it is simply impossible to determine that the thermal or electromagnetic release does not work or does not work in accordance with the declared characteristics. And it turns out that a malfunction of the machine can only be detected when it does not work, when necessary - that is, it will be possible to find out about its malfunction only by the consequences of an overload or short circuit (the machine itself, wiring or socket will be damaged). That is, you can buy a new machine with a marriage, put it in, it can stand for 10 years, and a person will not suspect about its malfunction until emergency in the wiring - overload or short circuit.
Also, you should be aware that the machine of any manufacturer may be with a factory defect. At enterprises, when ordering several dozen machines for a new switchboard they are always checked (loaded) before installation, as very often product defects, even of the best brands, will come across.
In everyday life, checks are not made, therefore, a backup protective device installed at the input should always be installed, which will de-energize the damaged section of the wiring in the event of a failure of one of the circuit breakers. And for reliability, it is better to have an additional introductory machine in the home shield, since the machine that stands with the meter in the entrance or on the support is located further and, accordingly, it is less sensitive to an increase in current. Also, if the machine at the input in front of the meter is installed outdoors, then its time-current characteristic changes with temperature changes. For example, the lower the temperature environment, the greater the current and response time of the thermal release, that is, if one of the machines in the home panel fails, the wiring will be damaged before this machine works.
Important! When replacing the machine with a more powerful one, you need to be sure that this change will not negatively affect the wiring diagram. Nevertheless, if such a replacement is necessary, then you should consult with a specialist.
The video clearly shows how to replace the old circuit breakers in the electrical panel with new ones:
At whose expense the work is carried out
If the device malfunctions, the owners may have questions: who should change the machines in the shield, whether the replacement is paid or free of charge. So, if we are talking about an introductory device that is located in front of the meter, then it is a common house property, so the company must purchase and replace it for the money that the owners pay every month.
However, it is also important to know at whose expense the rest of the protective equipment is replaced. Everything that is behind the meter is the property of the owner of this housing, respectively, and you need to buy and replace it yourself. Of course, you can replace the circuit breaker with your own hands, but it is better if a specialist does this.
That's all I wanted to tell you about how to replace the machine in the shield with your own hands. We hope our step-by-step instruction was useful for you and helped to understand the whole essence of the replacement!
Attention! My post is primarily informational, not a call to action. Perhaps he will be of interest to electricians who have not yet performed such work. I do NOT advise ordinary "mortals" to climb into the shield.LIFE THREATENING!
The replacement of electric risers and the reconstruction of electrical networks in the old housing stock is not going as fast as we would like, so replacing old machines with new ones remains a very popular service.
If you decide to replace the wiring, run a new line for washing machine from the shield, or simply started an audit of the electrics in their apartment, then in any case you will have to climb into the floor shield and change the old machines.
The process itself is not so difficult, but very dangerous! Any mistake when performing work in the floor shield can lead to: a fire in the floor cage, injury or death for the worker, an accident in the power supply network with a power outage at the neighbors or in the entire entrance. No irony, it's really dangerous!
As a rule, it is not always possible to de-energize the floor shield, and work is carried out under voltage. Therefore, it is better to entrust such work to an adequate electrician who has access and the ability to de-energize the floor shield completely.
With any electrical installation work ah in the floor shield, and even more so under voltage, the protective equipment of an electrician should be the maximum possible!
So, we climb into the old floor shield, to replace the machines ...
Replacement of old machines
For example, I chose one of complex options replacements - when the machines of two apartments are pulled together with one mount. In such cases, ideal solution there will be a replacement not only of their own, but also of neighboring machines. But it may happen that your neighbors may turn out to be: either a neighbor with paranoia that they will steal electricity from her, or a neighbor who is convinced that the quality of automatic machines was better in the USSR, or anti-social elements who will not have money for this “expensive operation." Therefore, you will have to somehow get out of the current situation.
The complexity of the work in this case lies in attaching the machines to the metal panel.
If you remove the upper and lower bars, then the machines will remain hanging on the wires connected to it. If they are left in limbo, then, when the machines are turned on or off, there is a huge probability of shorting everything to hell.
It is also impossible to leave the mount as it is, it will interfere with the installation of new modular devices.
How to be? I proceed as follows: I cut the connecting bar in half and fix only neighboring machines to it (only for attaching old machines).
You can take a closer look at the photo and see that the mounting bar is very close to the clamping screw of the machine. Therefore, I insulate the half of the bar that is being installed with a two-color insulating tape (yellow-green). This is done so that an electrician or “non-electrician”, when checking the voltage at the terminals of the machine, does not short-circuit the metal part of the screwdriver to the case. This is a fairly common problem, as many do not know or forget that the metal mount is connected to the shield body.
After we have screwed the lower mounting bar, you can turn off the package of the required apartment. In old shields, it is located immediately under the necessary machine guns.
The task of the packet in the floor board is to turn off the voltage to the electric meter and apartment machines. The connection scheme itself is as follows: knife switch → counter → automatic machines.
Usually the switch is turned off by turning to the right, but not a fact. Such switches can turn both left and right, and turn off only with a few turns. It happens in different ways, so after turning, be sure to check the voltage on the machines that are being turned off.
Attention! Before disconnecting the old bag, take a closer look at its contacts and case. If blackened or burnt contacts(usually this exposes the wire at the junction) or body has cracks, then such packet bag DO NOT TOUCH! IS IT DANGEROUS! When such a bag is disconnected, a short circuit may occur inside it between the contacts. Due to the fact that the protection of the storey riser is turned off with a serious delay (and even if it is present, it may even be completely absent, this has happened in my practice), this can lead to a very serious accident, in fact, a powerful explosion will result, dangerous for your health. Therefore, if before turning off the packet you noticed its defects, then you CANNOT turn off and even touch such a packet! In such cases, it is necessary to de-energize the floor shield and replace the old bag with a new switch.
When the voltage from the machines is turned off, you can carefully remove the upper mounting bar and dismantle the necessary machines for replacement.
In this case, I only changed the machines, i.e. the wiring from the bag to the machines did not change. Therefore, it is important here to keep as much as possible the length of the wires coming from the meter (especially the "phase"). I do not bite off the stripped core of the phase wire, but temporarily insulate it with a PVC tube.
In this case, the wire is not energized, but my habit works, since quite often I carry out the bulkhead of the floor shield under voltage.
We will also put the "zero" conductor on the circuit breaker (in our case it is bipolar). Therefore, boldly unscrew it from the zero block. By the way, this is another of the weak points in such shields. If you look not at the ends of the insulation of the connected wires, you can see the characteristic blackening that occurs from the strong heating of the conductors with poor contact (banally badly pressed wires). It is not uncommon because of this, such a zero terminal block burns out completely.
For the duration of the installation work in the shield, I try to minimize the shutdown of everything that I do not need. I don't turn off my neighbors' lights unless it's absolutely necessary. If such a need arises, then be sure to warn them before shutting down.
Do not forget that the neighboring machines in the shield are energized!
Work under stress, I can only compare with the work of a sapper. Any mistake can be fatal. Therefore, while working in the floor shield, there should be maximum concentration of attention and in no case be distracted by conversations, music or telephone.
- Old wires coming from the apartment are isolated.
- The upper bar is installed, which holds the neighboring machines. Don't forget to insulate the bar with PVC tape.
- We are preparing the neutral conductor coming from the meter for connection to a two-pole machine.
To install new machines, we need to fix the Din rail. To do this, you need to drill several holes in the mounting plate. 4mm for metal screws. In my case, one was enough, since I attached a special plastic rail for Eaton machines. For drilling, I use a screwdriver, a specially sharpened 4mm drill and galvanized self-tapping screws for metal 4.2x13mm, with a press washer.
When drilling, be careful! There may be live wires behind the mounting plate of the switchboard!
Fasten the DIN rail. In this example, it is plastic, but in most cases I use metal slats. They are sold by 1 meter, sometimes less.
With a hacksaw or a special tool, you can cut desired length for mounting. Try to cut the rail longer in length so that there is room at the edges of the installed machines for attaching the limiters.
There is no need for special plastic slats (as in our case), since on such slats, the European “module” sits very firmly.
We install and connect machines. To connect the machines to each other, I try to use "shinki", but in this case I used a stranded PuGV wire with a core cross section of 6mm2.
In floor boards I prefer to install Eaton PFL6 machines. This is due to the fact that Eaton's screw terminals are made of neutral metal and not copper like those of ABB and HAGER.
Old strands of wire can be broken or heavily oxidized, which can lead to poor contact or its complete absence. Therefore, before connecting aluminum wires, be sure to cut off the old ends of the wires and strip them again.
The introductory power supply of new machines can be marked with the “correct” color marking, using heat shrink or ordinary PVC electrical tape. For reliable contact, wires with an aluminum core are pressed twice.
In this work, mistakes are not so terrible as their consequences. Therefore, before applying voltage to the machines, it will not be superfluous to ring the circuit for a short circuit. Only after we are convinced that there are no errors in the connection, we turn on the bag (very carefully) and the installed machines. At the output, we check the presence of voltage.
On this installation of new machines and differential. switch, can be considered complete. I skip the procedure for connecting the cable to the apartment, since in this article I wanted to show the process of installing machines.
In conclusion, I will add that this is quite enough to "survive" until the scheduled work on the reconstruction of the electrical panel. However, in some cases, in order for everything to function normally, it is required to completely sort out the shield from the outlet of the wire to the apartment before replacing the electric meter and bag. Such work requires more time and material costs. I will talk about a complete revision of such shields in another publication. And that's all!
Any device has a certain lifespan. The machine in the electrical panel from Mosenergosbyt is no exception. The failure of this device requires immediate replacement and identification of the cause of the malfunction. Self-replacement is undesirable, since ignorant people often make mistakes that can cost their lives, since we are talking about working with a live device. Let us consider in more detail the principle of replacing automatic machines from Mosenergosbyt.
The automatic switchboard is a fuse that protects the electrical network of the house from overload and short circuit. From right choice the device and its correct installation depends on the safety of electrical appliances as a result of a short circuit.
Modern human life cannot be imagined without abundance household appliances in the apartment. Due to the increased load, the wiring may not be able to withstand such an amount of energy consumed.
To prevent fire, electrical panels are installed that perform a protective function. The main condition is the serviceability of the device. Bad contact on a new device is a sign that requires immediate attention.
Reasons for replacing machines
Significant reasons for which the machine is subject to mandatory replacement:
- Constant operation of thermal protection.
- Operation of the device at its peak.
When the thermal protection works for the first time, the device often breaks down. It is impossible to notice the problem right away. The reason is the burning of the contact clamps, and then their combustion due to the low quality and unreliability of the contact.
Electrical wiring from aluminum wires gradually weakens, since aluminum is a soft metal. In order to avoid unpleasant consequences, it is necessary to three times re-tighten the terminals annually.
A factory defect can also cause the replacement of the machine, so it is recommended to purchase a device from a well-known company. Installation of new equipment is also required in the presence of old traffic jams.
Regardless of what provoked the fire, it is necessary to replace the machine in the electrical panel in a timely manner, otherwise the failure will lead to a fire in the electrical wiring.
Where to order the service
If it is necessary to carry out electrical work at the entrance, you can order a service from the specialists of Mosenergosbyt. To do this, you need to contact the office, make an application in the user's personal account or call hotline+7 499 550 33 77 . The employee will answer questions of interest regarding the replacement of the machine in the electrical panel, orient the cost, and make an application.
You can also order the service on the website of the organization. Click the "Services" tab.
Click "Electrical work".
Click on “Installing an RCD”.
Click "Installation and replacement of circuit breakers and RCDs". 
Leave an online application for the service, having previously filled out the form with personal data.
Wait for the master to leave.
Replacement technology
The automatic switchboard is not subject to repair work and recovery due to the complexity of the chip. Moreover, the purchase of new equipment will be much cheaper. If a hardware switch fails, it is usually replaced with a new one with the same parameters.
Removing the old circuit breaker
First you need to de-energize the line that feeds the device. It happens that the machine changes under voltage, but in this case only a specialist should carry out the work. With a non-de-energized line, it is important to carry out installation carefully and carefully, observing safety precautions.
If the clamping plates are welded together, this greatly complicates the dismantling process. Some electrical knowledge and experience will be useful. To simplify the task, a few additional wires are left in the panel beforehand.
If there is a damaged wire in the machine, it must be completely removed during dismantling.
Almost all circuit breakers in the shield are responsible for a certain line that feeds the sockets, the light in the house. It is not difficult to de-energize this equipment, it is enough to turn off the introductory bag. It is located in the stairwell.
But, when it is necessary to replace a three-pole introductory machine with 380 Volts, dismantling must be carried out by a specialist in order to avoid an accident. In addition, the introductory machines in the electrical panel have a seal, the unauthorized failure of which is punishable by a large fine.
After the network is de-energized, it is important to verify this using a special device. Having picked up the appropriate screwdriver, unscrew the clamping screw and disconnect the wires on different sides. The machine rests on a DIN rail, it can be removed by pulling a screwdriver.
Installing a new protection device
We insert the circuit breaker until it clicks into the rail. If necessary, we clean the wires, insert them into the clamping holes, tighten the screw. It is important that the wires are not melted and burned, otherwise the deformed area must be removed.
Functionality check is carried out using special device. It is worth taking into account that a defective device may come across among the circuit breakers.
At the input, there must be a backup device for protection, capable of de-energizing the wiring section if one of the machines fails. Additionally, you can install an introductory machine on the home shield, since the access device is located further and is not so sensitive to an increase in current.
It is important to note that if equipment is replaced with a more powerful one, you need to make sure in advance that this will not adversely affect the wiring.
At whose expense the work is carried out
The failure of the automatic switchboard is accompanied by a logical question: who is replacing the device. The introductory machine located in front of the counter is a common house property. Accordingly, the installation of a new device is carried out by the company with funds allocated monthly by residents.
Replacement of the rest of the equipment located behind the meter is carried out at the expense of the owner's money. Replacement occurs independently or by a called master.
What determines the cost of replacing machines in Mosenergosbyt
There is an additional charge for removing the machine. Let's figure out how much it costs to replace automatic machines in the electrical panel of Mosenergosbyt. Approximate prices for the replacement of machines in Mosenergosbyt in rubles:
- installation of a single-pole machine on a DIN rail - 240;
- bipolar - 275;
- three-pole - 285;
- installation of a single-pole RCD - 420;
- four-pole - 495.
Often, the replacement of the machine in the shield is accompanied by the installation of a new meter, for which a separate fee is provided. Single-phase equipment costs about 900 rubles, three-phase - 1800. The indicated prices for replacing automatic machines in the electrical panel from Mosenergosbyt do not take into account the cost of additional materials.
It is not difficult to change the circuit breaker in the electrical panel on your own. But for safety and to guarantee correct operation, it is recommended to call the wizard. Highly qualified Mosenergo electricians will promptly make a trip at a convenient time for the client, perform work in accordance with safety regulations. Services provided are guaranteed for three years.
If you changed the switchboard machine at Mosenergo, share with us in the comments below.
