What is a screw. High-quality homemade auger. More difficult option

load moving along a rotating helical surface inside the pipe. The auger is a conveying device for loose, small-sized, dusty, powdery materials.

Screws are used in factories for the production building materials, in the compound feed, flour-grinding and chemical industries for moving loose, small-sized, dusty, powdery materials in horizontal, vertical and inclined directions (usually at a distance of up to 40 m horizontally and up to 30 m vertically). In machine-building shops it is applied to transportation of drain shaving from machine tools.

It is not advisable to move sticky, highly abrasive, as well as highly compacted loads with the help of augers. TO positive properties augers are uncomplicated Maintenance, simplicity of device, small dimensions, tightness, convenience of intermediate unloading. The negative qualities of augers are significant abrasion and grinding of the load, high specific energy consumption, increased wear of the chute and screw.

Application

Used in drills to remove chips.
Used for feeding or mixing bulk and liquid components. Depending on the properties of the components, the speed auger 50 - 150 rpm.
Sometimes it is used as a mover of ground vehicles (such machines are called augers). So, at the end of the 60s, the SKB ZIL, under the leadership of the Soviet designer Vitaly Andreevich Grachev, created the ShN-1 all-terrain vehicle with two longitudinally located augers instead of wheels.
It is used in auger magazines for small arms. The screw magazine is made in the form of a long cylinder having spiral guides for cartridges (auger) inside, which ensure the direction of the cartridges to the exit window. The cartridges in the store are arranged parallel to its axis, in a spiral, bullets forward, and are fed separately by a cocked spring. Weapons using an auger magazine: Calico M960 submachine gun (USA), PP-19 Bizon submachine gun (Russia), PP-90M1 submachine gun (Russia).
It is the main working part of the meat grinder mechanism.
The main working body of pasta presses, presses for squeezing juice, oil, granulator presses.
Well drilling tool. The basis of the drilling tool for auger drilling drilling augers are used, which make up a column with a continuous spiral flange from the bit or crown at the bottom to the surface. Depending on the type of drilling, three main types of augers are used: conventional, including weighted, shop and hollow. The most commonly used conventional drill augers. Conventional augers are used in hand-held power drills for earth.
Part of an ice harvester - machines for preparing and pouring ice rinks.
Executive agency shearer - machines for extracting coal and rock salt in longwalls (longwalls).
Used in plastic injection molding machine, the screw is used to inject the molten plastic into the mold. A conical auger is sometimes used in technical structures for splitting wooden chocks into logs used as fuel for stoves.
Used in chain excavators to move soil away from the edge of a trench.

It is used in mortar pumps of a plastering station and puttying units as the main component for mortar supply, but before use, it is imperative to lubricate the rotor and stator with either silicone spray or liquid soap(in this case, it is strictly forbidden to use oil or other lubricants) and after each work, thorough cleaning is required to avoid breakage. It should be noted that this channel is the only one where the cleaning of the Archimedean screw is mandatory, otherwise reuse is impossible due to the breakdown of the screw pair.

Manufacturing

Depending on the configuration, material, purpose and dimensions auger apply:

casting (under pressure, into the ground);
casting followed by turning;
hot deformation followed by turning;

Classification

according to the slope of the gutter (horizontal, gently inclined, steeply inclined, vertical);
in the direction of the spiral;
by the variability of the pitch and diameter of the propeller;
according to the design of the screw (solid, bladed, tape, shaped).

The shape of the screw is selected depending on the type of transported cargo.

Horizontal auger

This type of conveyor consists of a drive (reducer and electric motor) that rotates the screw (the working body of the machine), a drive shaft with turns of the transport screw mounted on it, a chute with a semi-cylindrical bottom, a loading and unloading device. Bulk cargo is fed through the holes in the chute cover and slides along the chute when the screw rotates. The joint rotation of the load with the screw is prevented by the force of gravity of the load and its friction against the chute. Through the holes in the bottom, equipped with gates, the chute is unloaded. The screw of the auger is made with one, two or three leads, with the right or left direction of the helix. The surface of the auger screw can be bladed, shaped, tape, solid (used when moving powder bulk, dry fine-grained cargo, not prone to caking). When moving caking cargo, auger screws with a bladed, shaped, tape surface are used.

The screw shaft of the auger consists of separate sections and can be tubular (fastened together with the help of short connecting rollers inserted at the ends, have a smaller mass) or solid. The auger screw shaft lies in the end (reinforced in the end walls of the chute) and intermediate (suspended from above on transverse bars mounted on the chute) bearings. One of the end bearings is made thrust and installed from the side of the beginning of the movement of the load. The intermediate bearings are of small diameter and length, and are well sealed to avoid contamination by cargo particles.

Screw feeder

In fact, the feeder is the engine, clutch and gearbox, which is engaged with the working body directly through the gear.

Vertical auger

This type of screw consists of a short horizontal feeder screw rotating in a cylindrical casing (pipe) and a shaft suspended on a thrust bearing with solid screw coils, also rotating in the pipe, and one or two separate drives for both screws. The auger is unloaded through the nozzle at the top of the casing. The load is fed into the lower section of the vertical screw of the auger, and it is made either with a reduced pitch or a variable diameter that decreases upwards. Vertical augers are used to lift cargo to a height of up to 15 m, and when moving granular, powdery, and fine-grained materials with limited productivity - no more than 30 m. Vertical augers are used as installations for drilling wells. Vertical augers are energy-intensive, and also have small overall dimensions, ease of unloading in any direction.

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Literature

ch. editor I.I. Artobolevsky,. Polytechnic Dictionary. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1977. - S. 222.

An excerpt characterizing the Auger

The next day, at the review, the sovereign asked Prince Andrei where he wanted to serve, and Prince Andrei lost himself forever in the court world, not asking to stay with the person of the sovereign, but asking for permission to serve in the army.

Before the opening of the campaign, Rostov received a letter from his parents, in which, briefly informing him of Natasha's illness and the break with Prince Andrei (this break was explained to him by Natasha's refusal), they again asked him to retire and come home. Nikolai, having received this letter, did not try to ask for a vacation or resignation, but wrote to his parents that he was very sorry about Natasha's illness and break with her fiancé and that he would do everything possible to fulfill their desire. He wrote to Sonya separately.
“Adored friend of my soul,” he wrote. “Nothing but honor could keep me from returning to the village. But now, before the opening of the campaign, I would consider myself dishonorable not only before all my comrades, but also before myself, if I preferred my happiness to my duty and love for the fatherland. But this is the last parting. Believe that immediately after the war, if I am alive and loved by you, I will drop everything and fly to you to press you forever to my fiery chest.
Indeed, only the opening of the campaign delayed Rostov and prevented him from coming - as he promised - and marrying Sonya. Otradnensky autumn with hunting and winter with Christmas time and with Sonya's love opened up to him the prospect of quiet aristocratic joys and tranquility, which he had not known before and which now beckoned him to them. “A glorious wife, children, a good flock of hounds, dashing ten - twelve packs of greyhounds, household, neighbors, election service! he thought. But now there was a campaign, and it was necessary to remain in the regiment. And since this was necessary, Nikolai Rostov, by his nature, was also pleased with the life he led in the regiment, and managed to make this life pleasant for himself.
Arriving from vacation, joyfully greeted by his comrades, Nikolai sent for repairs and brought excellent horses from Little Russia, which pleased him and earned him praise from his superiors. In his absence, he was promoted to captain, and when the regiment was put on martial law with an increased kit, he again received his former squadron.
A campaign began, the regiment was moved to Poland, a double salary was issued, new officers arrived, new people, horses; and, most importantly, that excitedly cheerful mood that accompanies the outbreak of war has spread; and Rostov, aware of his advantageous position in the regiment, gave himself up entirely to the pleasures and interests military service, although he knew that sooner or later he would have to leave them.
The troops retreated from Vilna for various complex state, political and tactical reasons. Each step of the retreat was accompanied by a complex play of interests, conclusions and passions in the main headquarters. For the hussars of the Pavlograd regiment, this whole retreat, at the best time of summer, with sufficient food, was the simplest and most fun thing to do. They could lose heart, worry and intrigue in the main apartment, but in the deep army they did not ask themselves where, why they were going. If they regretted that they were retreating, it was only because they had to leave the habitable apartment, from the pretty lady. If it occurred to anyone that things were bad, then, as a good military man should, the one to whom it occurred to him tried to be cheerful and not think about the general course of affairs, but think about his immediate business. At first they cheerfully stood near Vilna, making acquaintances with the Polish landowners and waiting and serving reviews of the sovereign and other high commanders. Then the order came to retreat to the Sventsians and destroy the provisions that could not be taken away. The Sventsians were remembered by the hussars only because it was a drunken camp, as the whole army called the camp near Sventsians, and because in Sventsians there were many complaints against the troops because they, taking advantage of the order to take away provisions, took away horses among the provisions, and carriages, and carpets from the Polish pans. Rostov remembered Sventsyany because on the first day of entering this place he changed the sergeant-major and could not cope with all the people of the squadron who got drunk, who, without his knowledge, took away five barrels of old beer. From Sventsyan they retreated further and further to Drissa, and again retreated from Drissa, already approaching the Russian borders.
On July 13, the people of Pavlograd had to be in serious business for the first time.
On July 12, on the night before the case, there was a strong storm with rain and a thunderstorm. The summer of 1812 was generally remarkable for its storms.
Pavlograd's two squadrons bivouacked, among the rye field, already beaten to the ground by cattle and horses. The rain was pouring down, and Rostov, with the young officer Ilyin patronized by him, sat under a fenced on hastily hut. An officer of their regiment, with a long mustache extending from his cheeks, who went to headquarters and was caught in the rain, went to Rostov.
- I, count, from the headquarters. Have you heard the feat of Raevsky? - And the officer told the details of the Saltanovsky battle, heard by him at headquarters.
Rostov, shrugging his neck, over which the water flowed, smoked a pipe and listened inattentively, occasionally glancing at the young officer Ilyin, who huddled around him. This officer, a sixteen-year-old boy who had recently entered the regiment, was now in relation to Nikolai what Nikolai had been in relation to Denisov seven years ago. Ilyin tried to imitate Rostov in everything and, like a woman, was in love with him.
An officer with a double mustache, Zdrzhinsky, spoke pompously about how the Saltanovskaya dam was the Thermopylae of the Russians, how General Raevsky committed an act worthy of antiquity on this dam. Zdrzhinsky told the act of Raevsky, who brought his two sons to the dam under terrible fire and went on the attack next to them. Rostov listened to the story and not only did not say anything to confirm Zdrzhinsky's delight, but, on the contrary, had the appearance of a man who was ashamed of what he was being told, although he did not intend to object. Rostov, after the Austerlitz and 1807 campaigns, knew from his own experience that, telling military incidents, they always lie, just as he himself lied when telling; secondly, he had such experience that he knew how everything happens in the war is not at all the way we can imagine and tell. And therefore he did not like Zdrzhinsky's story, and he did not like Zdrzhinsky himself, who, with his mustache from his cheeks, as usual bent low over the face of the person to whom he was telling, and crowded him into a cramped hut. Rostov silently looked at him. “Firstly, on the dam that was attacked, it must have been such confusion and crowding that if Raevsky brought his sons out, it could not affect anyone, except for about ten people who were near him, - thought Rostov, - the rest could not see how and with whom Raevsky walked along the dam. But even those who saw this could not be very inspired, because what did they care about Raevsky's tender parental feelings when it was about their own skin? Then the fate of the fatherland did not depend on the fact that they would take or not take the Saltanovskaya dam, as they describe it to us about Thermopylae. And so, why was it necessary to make such a sacrifice? And then, why here, in the war, interfere with their children? Not only would I not lead my brother Petya, even Ilyin, even this stranger to me, but a good boy, I would try to put somewhere under protection, ”Rostov continued to think, listening to Zdrzhinsky. But he did not say his thoughts: he already had experience in this. He knew that this story contributed to the glorification of our weapons, and therefore it was necessary to pretend that you did not doubt it. And so he did.
“However, there is no urine,” said Ilyin, who noticed that Rostov did not like Zdrzhinsky’s conversation. - And stockings, and a shirt, and it leaked under me. I'm going to look for shelter. The rain seems to be better. - Ilyin left, and Zdrzhinsky left.
Five minutes later, Ilyin, splashing through the mud, ran to the hut.
- Hooray! Rostov, let's go faster. Found! Here is two hundred paces of a tavern, ours have already climbed there. At least we dry off, and Marya Genrikhovna is there.
Marya Genrikhovna was the wife of the regimental doctor, a young, pretty German woman whom the doctor had married in Poland. The doctor, either because he did not have the means, or because he did not want to be separated from his young wife at first, took her everywhere with him to the hussar regiment, and the doctor's jealousy became a common subject of jokes between hussar officers.

IN country house in the absence of a centralized water supply, they equip an autonomous one - a well or a well, and for drilling a well, in order to save the budget, they do not rent a drilling rig, but drill with a self-made auger, which reduces the cost of the process, although it makes the process a little more extended in time. You can make an auger with your own hands in one day: it is enough to have some tools and materials for this, which will be discussed, as well as the manufacture of an auger with your own hands is described in detail.

Screw manufacturing procedure

You will need materials and tools:

Thick-walled iron pipe Ø 40 mm and profile pipe;
A grinder with a disc for metal, an electric drill and welding;
Steel sheet ≈ 2 mm thick;
Tape measure, pencil, cardboard for making a template, paint;
Chisel, rasp, whetstone and hardware (bolts with nuts);

First you need to make the actual belt conveyor, which is offered in two versions:

For self-manufacturing an auger loader with dry unloading of soil is more suitable, that is, the soil is not wetted with water, but is taken out to the surface in the same state as it was at depth. This method involves rapid wear of parts and is designed for drilling shallow wells, or harvesting several screws for replacement during drilling;
Excavation with water flushing is much faster, but the mechanism needs to be improved in the chisel area. Wear of parts is reduced by reducing friction and water cooling of the mechanism. Below we will consider just such an option that can be used without water not only as a drilling tool, but also, for example, as a grain loader.

Before you make an auger with your own hands, prepare the material. A 120-cm piece of pipe is taken as the body, the ends of which are evenly cut with a grinder. Next, you need to cut a square with sides of 200 x 200 mm from sheet steel, drill Ø 40 mm in the center of the square and make a slot with a grinder from the center in any direction to the edge. This will be one turn of the conveyor spiral, which will need to be made several. To make it round, the square is cut by welding or a grinder to the shape of a circle with Ø180 mm, the spiral is bent so that the pitch between the turns of the spiral is within 80-100 mm.

You should get a circle, the beginning and end of which do not coincide in the plane. This part will serve as a template: you will need to attach it to a sheet of steel, draw a contour with a pencil and cut out the next circle. It is better to paint these blanks to protect against corrosion immediately, and after assembling the structure, paint them again.

With a pitch between the spirals of 100 mm, 12 spirals (feathers) must be cut for each segment of the auger. On the axis of the screw, the rings are fixed by welding, among themselves - too. After welding, the seams are beaten with a hammer and cleaned of scale with a rasp.

A profile pipe is needed for the manufacture of the auger mounting system. The pipe is left open at the top so that water can flow into it. For the production of an auger for grain, water is simply not poured. The profile pipe is inserted 2/3 into the round one and welded, and the gaps between the pipes are closed with pieces of sheet steel. In a square pipe, 2 cm recede from the top and drill through holeØ 10 mm.

Making a receiver that is located with reverse side auger, consists in welding four steel sections, repeating the contours of the profile pipe. Stepping back 2 cm from the lower end, they also drill a through hole Ø 10 mm, through which the whole structure is fixed with the help of a bolted connection. It is better not to use a threaded connection so that the structure does not come apart during the reverse rotation of the auger.

Next, a chisel for the auger is made, which will be attached for welding and located in a separate lift. It is easier to buy a chisel ready-made than to make it yourself, since it requires hard metal alloys, which are very difficult to process at home. In addition to carbide tips, you can use diamond. The chisel is a replaceable tool, and is attached to the auger with a pin or threaded connection. Most often, industrial bits are two- and three-bladed, reinforced with six- or eight-sided hard alloy cutters. A homemade chisel is welded to the auger (see the figure below):

At the end of the work, the auger blades are sharpened for easier cutting of the soil - this can be done on grindstone or a file. When using the auger for transshipment of grain crops, sharpening is not required.

The finished screw is painted with anti-corrosion paint with pre-primer steel surfaces. During operation, most of the paint will be erased, but it does not need to be restored - it will be erased in those places that are constantly in contact with the ground, so rust will not appear there.

Practice has shown that it will take no more than 5 hours to make one screw if you do not have the skills to work with iron. But quality is important here, not speed of production, so it's better not to rush.

(from German Schnecke, literally - a snail) - a rod with a continuous helical surface along the longitudinal axis.

The auger is a working part of a mechanism designed to transport cargo by moving along a rotating helical surface inside the pipe (screw conveyor).

Figure 1 - Auger

Application

Augers are used at enterprises for the production of building materials, in the feed milling, flour-grinding and chemical industries for moving loose, small-sized, dusty, powdery materials in horizontal, vertical and inclined directions (usually at a distance of up to 40 m horizontally and up to 30 m - along vertical). In machine-building shops it is applied to transportation of drain shaving from machine tools. The ends of the feed spiral are mounted in bearing supports, one of which is installed on the drive station shaft, and the other - in the area of the unloading module. When the electric drive is turned on, the spiral rotates and moves the material that has entered the interturn space along the flexible body to the unloading module. The body of the spiral conveyor is a tube made of abrasion resistant polymer material. Additional protection of the body against wear is carried out using an original technical solution: a carefully adjusted annular gap between the inner walls of the body and the spiral is constantly filled with transported material, which serves as a kind of shield that protects the body from wear. It is not advisable to move sticky, highly abrasive, as well as highly compacted loads with the help of augers. The positive properties of screws include ease of maintenance, simplicity of device, small overall dimensions, tightness, convenience of intermediate unloading. The negative qualities of augers are significant abrasion and grinding of the load, high specific energy consumption, increased wear of the chute and screw. Used in drills to remove chips. Used for feeding or mixing bulk and liquid components. Depending on the properties of the components, the rotation speed of the screw is 50 - 150 rpm. Sometimes it is used as a mover of ground vehicles (such machines are called augers). So, at the end of the 60s, the SKB ZIL, under the leadership of the Soviet designer Vitaly Andreevich Grachev, created the ShN-1 all-terrain vehicle with two longitudinally located screws instead of wheels.

Used in screw shops small arms. The auger magazine is made in the form of a long cylinder having spiral guides for cartridges (auger) inside, ensuring the direction of the cartridges to the exit window. The cartridges in the store are arranged parallel to its axis, in a spiral, bullets forward, and are fed separately by a cocked spring. Weapons using an auger magazine: Calico M960 submachine gun (USA), PP-19 Bizon submachine gun (Russia), PP-90M1 submachine gun (Russia). It is the main working part of the meat grinder mechanism. The main working body of pasta presses, presses for squeezing juice, oil, granulator presses. Well drilling tool. The basis of the drilling tool for auger drilling are the augers that make up a column with a continuous spiral flange from the bit or crown at the bottom to the surface. Depending on the type of drilling, three main types of augers are used: conventional, including weighted, shop and hollow. The most commonly used conventional drill augers. Conventional augers are used in hand-held motorized earth drills. Part of the ice harvester - machines for the preparation and filling of ice rinks. The executive body of the shearer is a machine for extracting coal and rock salt in long shear faces (longwalls). Used in plastic injection molding machine, the screw is used to inject the molten plastic into the mold. A conical auger is sometimes used in technical structures for splitting wooden chocks into logs used as fuel for stoves. auger design application

Manufacturing

Depending on the configuration, material, purpose and size of the screw, the following are used:

- casting (under pressure, into the ground);
- casting with subsequent turning;
- hot deformation followed by turning;
- cold bending.
- winding.

Conical auger

They are used in SJZ twin screw extruder specially designed for PVC powder extrusion. Due to the variety of equipment and auxiliary equipment, this series of twin screw extruders can produce all kinds of plastic products from PVC powder - pipes, profiles, panels, sheets, rods, granules.

The auger is equipped with an oil cooling system. The cylinder is cooled by a special high-efficiency air cooling system. The control system is equipped with a special computer control. According to customer requirements, twin screw extruders can be equipped with various types screws to ensure good plasticization of the melt and high quality extruded material. Screws are manufactured with high precision on digital milling machines to balance the extrusion process. The production uses advanced screw technology with variable pitch and depth, in order to more smoothly move, mix and melt the material. The gearbox is specially designed for high loads, all bearings are imported, which increases the service life of the extruder. It can support higher extrusion pressure. The electrical and electronic system is equipped with imported components, there are multi-level emergency protection and fault alarms.

References

1. Polytechnic dictionary / ch. editor I.I. Artobolevsky. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1977. - S. 222.
2. Wikipedia

If you want to drill a well with your own hands, you need to be able to prepare everything you need for this, and the work will be quite simple. There are many ways, which then will perfectly cope with the task, and it can be in the form of a primitive hand drill for shallow penetrations, or it can take the form of a full-fledged conveyor.

Preparatory stage

Regardless of what kind of auger you have to make, the handle should be as comfortable and durable as possible, because. She will take the load. Immediately it is worth considering 2 options for working for 1 and 2 people.

To begin with, pipe segments with a diameter of 40 mm with a wall thickness of 3.5-4 mm are prepared. The length depends on how much a person will work, and at the same time on the individual characteristics of the proportions of the body, because. for a person 2 m tall, blades of greater length can be used, respectively, and the work will go more quickly.

For an average person, a handle of 80-85 cm is used, while for working in pairs, you can safely make blades of 100-130 cm in each direction (convenient when drilling to great depths). Another 1 cut is made stable 40-50 cm, and this cut will be used as the main working trunk.

Figure 1. Schemes of cone bits.

For their mutual fixation, the grinder makes an arc cut in the main trunk so that the pipe can be immersed in it by 1/3, after which it can be carefully welded. If there is a desire to increase strength indicators, then inside the handles you can insert profile pipe and weld with sheet steel. Such a move will allow you to seriously increase the load without fear of damaging the tool.

The handles can be left in the form of a tube, but it is better to make rubberized pads on them that will not allow the hands to slip, and at the same time reduce the likelihood of blisters. There is no need to set any stops, but with the help of an angle grinder it is advisable to grind the ends of the pipe so as not to injure your hands during operation.

At the end, a bolt is inserted into the pipe and welded tightly so that only the thread is lowered down. It is advisable to choose a bolt from the most durable grades of steel, so that later you do not have complications.

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Auger manufacturing

A simple way will allow you to make the most simple system with 2 blades that cut perfectly into the ground, but they can only be used at shallow depths (up to 10 m), because each time you have to get the working tool completely in order to extend it.

To begin with, a pipe is selected similar to that used above. The length of the pipe is 100-140 cm, depending on the height of the person who has to work. An elongated nut is welded into the upper part of the pipe, fully corresponding to the bolt. If you cannot find an oblong one, then you can use 2 standard ones, but no less, so that the bolt is held securely.

Figure 2. Drawing of the screw ring.

A sleeve or a thick reinforcing rod is welded into the lower part, which will serve as an adapter to the drill. The chisel itself can be purchased at a specialized store, but a primitive version can also be made. For a primitive version, it is enough to take a steel strip 3 mm thick and 30 cm long, twist it into a spiral for 3 turns, and then ignite it (cooling in boiling oil or lead). Such a spiral is fixed in the sleeve, after which it is sharpened in the most thorough way.

At this stage, you will need 2 discs from the grinder, the first one being 150 mm with a perfectly even edge, and the second being 180 mm serrated (for wood). These 2 discs are sawn exactly in half and the center section widens to match the work tube. The discs will be located on the working tube in turn, i.e. first 150 mm, and 10 cm above 180 mm. They are positioned at 35° to the ground for maximum efficiency with minimum effort. When fixing, there is a possibility that you will have to edit the central part of the grinder.

Tubular elements for extension are made quite simply:

A pipe of the same diameter and length of 100-140 cm is taken.
A bolt is inserted from below and welded, and an oblong nut is inserted from above and also tightly welded.

Thus, you can make very long strokes, but it is better to limit yourself to 10 nozzles, because. each time it is problematic to extract them due to the high mass.

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More difficult option

Schemes of garden drills: a - drill, b - auger drill.

Here you will have to work for manufacturing much longer and harder, because. the screw conveyor will go from the bit all the way to the top.

The chisel can be used according to the technology described earlier, but it is better to purchase it in a store (Fig. 1). In any case, regular maintenance will be required, and the difference depends solely on the skill of the worker, because. you can do it yourself with your own hands no worse than an analogue.

After the chisel was mounted on the working pipe, it is necessary to start forming a spiral (Fig. 2). It is most convenient to use the already familiar toothless discs for a grinder for its manufacture, but as a base one, you will have to use a gear of a smaller diameter, which will instantly take the root problem to the 2nd plan.

Instead of grinder discs, you can take and bend sheet steel 2 mm, which will be much more economical, but more labor-intensive, because. you still have to shape the perfect circle and sharpen. In any case, the work to be done is astronomical, and such a procedure is done for each subsequent screw.