How to make different types of fans with your own hands. "Eternal" mini-fan: is it possible to make it? How to make a motor fan

Nowadays it is impossible to imagine a hot season without a fan. At this time, both large models and small ones are important. But, unfortunately, the latter are many times more expensive, and you will not find it in every store. suitable model. Do not rush to fork out - there is a way out!

In this article, we will give you some ideas on how to make a DIY fan at home. This process is quite exciting, so it will be possible to involve teenage children in it.

Cooler fan

This is the easiest way to make a home fan. For manufacturing, we need a cooler from an old computer. This part itself is already operational, we just have to correctly connect it to the wire.

If the future fan will be in close proximity to the computer, then a standard USB cable will do as a wire. We cut off the unnecessary edge of the cord with a small connector and strip the wires. Similarly, we clean the wires at the cooler.

Sometimes there are more than two wires in the cooler and USB cable, remember, we need black and red color of two wires in one and in the other element. We don't need the rest.

After stripping, we connect the red wire to red, black to black, the connections must be properly insulated. After insulation, the fan is already fully functional, it remains to come up with an original stand for it to your taste and glue it to the cooler. All! The device is ready!

The speed of the cooler device is quite high, so you can safely use it as a fan for drying hands.

Disc construction

This device is more complex than the one made from a cooler. For manufacturing, we need a motor with a protruding iron rod. These motors can be taken from an old toy, VCR or player (the latter option is the most suitable, because it is the player that has a standard disc attachment). We connect the motor with the wires in the above way.

We cut the disk into eight future blades; when cutting, we do not reach the end of the inner edge. Slightly heat the disc to soften and bend the blades, like a conventional fan. Instead of a disc, you can use a plastic bottle.

We insert a cork from a bottle into the center of the blades, it is the cork that will be the connector of the motor and the blades. If the insert is too big, then carefully cut it with a knife.

Having connected all the details, we supplement the finished structure with a stable stand. To do this, you can use a sleeve from a toilet paper roll and a second whole disk, which will serve as a common support.

To fasten parts to each other, it will be better to use high-quality glue, so that in the future the structure will last a long time and not crumble.

Fan made of two plastic bottles

This design is more complex, requires a more serious approach in manufacturing. The result is a great way to make some sort of DIY table or floor fan.

For the manufacture we need:

• two bottles of different sizes - 0.5 and 1.5 liters;
• small motor type 12 V DC;
• 7 thick tubes for drinks;
• power supply and connector to it;
• CD disk;
• hot glue and superglue;
• switch;
• plastic ties.

Accessories:

• marker;
• scissors or knife;
• insulating tape;
• soldering iron;
• wire cutters.

From a bottle with a smaller volume, we cut the blades, as indicated above. We make a hole in the center of the cork with a hot awl or nail. We put the cover on the engine and fix everything with hot glue.

We build a stand. We firmly glue the drinking tubes together with superglue - this is our future rack. We cut out the upper part from the second bottle and insert the glued tubes up to the middle of its length, not forgetting to fix the connection with superglue.

We install the engine with blades on a rack of tubes, additionally smearing everything with hot glue again. We hide the wires in tubes, so they are inside the rack. We fasten the design of the engine and the rack with plastic ties, gluing them along the tubes with hot glue and cutting off the remaining excess edges.

We cut holes in the bottom of the rack for the power supply connector and switch. We connect them, not forgetting about good insulation. We fix everything to the plastic with hot glue.

For weighting and stability of the base, we construct a bottom from a disk. To do this, simply glue the disc with the edges of the plastic bottle with hot glue.

We connect the power supply to the connector, and now - the fan is ready to work!

What to do if the household fan does not work?

So, we already know how to make a fan on our own. But in your household there is probably a faulty factory-made fan. The design of such products is simple (you can use the instructions), so for those who are especially curious, the final topic of the article will be repairing a floor fan at home.

Causes of the malfunction

We list the main problems in which the device does not work and possible ways their elimination.

The unit does not turn on. If the light is on, but the device does not turn on, then the cause is probably a broken button. If the light does not light up, then the reason is most likely in the cord or plug.

Weak rotation of the blades - a signal of insufficient lubrication of the bearing inside the engine.

The fan stopped rotating left and right. It's all about the crank, its mounting screws can loosen or unscrew.

Buzzing and no rotation. There are three possible causes of failure - lack of lubrication on the bearings, a broken capacitor or an electric motor.

DIY fan photo

Installing a fan is a delicate matter. Before you make a fan with your own hands, you need to determine its installation location. The fact is that in the manufacture of the structure today, two types of engines are used:

• collector;
• asynchronous.

The collectors make a lot of noise during operation; when it is switched, a spark occurs. In addition, the movement of the brushes also makes a lot of noise.

Asynchronous motors, which are equipped with a squirrel-cage rotor, are the complete opposite. At self-manufacturing fans as a starting relay, you can use an element from the refrigerator.

Fan Manufacturing Principles

When making a fan with your own hands, you need to take into account some aspects, the most important of which is noise. To have an idea about the operation of the collector motor, you just need to remember how the Cyclone vacuum cleaner works, its volume is about 70 dB. Based on this, you should consider whether to use such an engine or not. In this regard, it is most realistic to use an asynchronous motor, moreover, when performing the simplest fan model, a starting winding is not required. Yes, and its power is small, and the secondary EMF is induced by the field from the stator.

The drum in an asynchronous motor has a squirrel-cage rotor with copper wires cut along the generatrix, passing at an angle with respect to the axis. It is this slope that determines the direction of rotation of the rotor in the engine. The copper strands are not insulated from the material of the drum, as they have a conductivity that is superior to that of the surrounding material, and the potential difference between adjacent strands is small. And in this regard, the flow of current flows through copper. The stator and rotor are not interconnected by contacts, and therefore there is no spark, since the wire is covered with varnish insulation. That's why the noise induction motor determined by the following factors:

• ratio of stator and rotor;
• quality of bearing elements.

With the correct setting of the asynchronous motor, you can achieve silent operation of the motor. Well, if we are talking about how to properly make a duct fan with your own hands, then you can allow the installation of a collector motor, but taking into account where the section will be located.

The duct fan is installed in the duct section itself and is placed in the center of the duct. For this reason, when a fan is made in an air duct, noise does not play a special role, since the sound wave decays while the channel passes.

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To make a fan with your own hands, you need to purchase a kitchen or bathroom fan model, the one that is mounted to the hood. The box from under it is also useful, and you will also need:

• scissors;
• net;
• glue or tape.

Fan installation diagram.

The design will be powered by the network, but consuming little electricity. To begin with, a box is taken, and a through hole. The design of the fan for hoods is cylindrical, it will also be the basis for the shape of the hole.

Subsequently, a fan will be installed in this hole. The hole is cut out with a smaller diameter than the structure itself, in order to make it more stable and safe. From the side of the bottom of the box, an opening is made for the output of the cord. In order for the fan not to hang out in the box, you can put cardboard scraps in it, and fix it with electrical tape. For safety, a protective mesh is installed on the front part, where the blades are located. The denser the meshes in the grid, the less likely it is to fall under the blades. Making a homemade fan does not require high costs, and if you decorate the box, you can get additional element interior arrangement.

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USB fans: features

Such a model will not be easy to make. This is a great option for individual cooling when working at a computer. Such a device is obtained with sufficient power, and also the energy consumption is not much greater. For the device of this design you will need:

• a couple of CDs for a computer;
• cord with USB plug;
• wires;
• an old motor, these are usually installed on children's toys;
• wine cork;
• cylindrical cardboard;
• glue and scissors.

First of all, the disk is cut into blades. The power of the air flow depends on the presence of the blades, the more of them, the stronger it will blow, but the segments themselves should not be small.

Only one disk is cut, the second will be used as a stand.

To bend the blades, they are heated over a small flame and bent forward at an angle.

They must face the same direction. When the disk with blades is ready, a cork is inserted into its center, and a hole is made in it.

In order to make the wire usable, the outer winding is removed from one end of the USB cable, under which there are 4 wires. Steam rooms can be separated, connected to the motor and insulated.

Creating a high density airflow is possible in several ways. One of the effective ones is a radial fan or "snail". It differs from others not only in form, but also in the principle of operation.

The device and design of the fan

For the movement of air, sometimes the impeller and the power unit are not enough. In conditions of limited space, a special type of design of exhaust equipment should be used. It attaches a spiral body that performs the function of an air channel. You can make it yourself or purchase a ready-made model.

For flow formation, a radial impeller is provided in the design. It is connected to the power unit. The blades of the wheel have a curved shape and create a discharged area when moving. It receives air (or gas) from the inlet pipe. When advancing along the spiral body, the speed at the outlet increases.

Depending on the application, the centrifugal volute fan can be general purpose, heat resistant or corrosion protected. It is also necessary to take into account the magnitude of the generated air flow:

• low pressure. Application area - production shops, Appliances. The air temperature should not exceed +80°C. Mandatory absence of aggressive environments;
• average pressure value. It is part of the extraction equipment for removing or transporting small fraction materials, grain sawdust;
• high pressure. Forms an air flow into the fuel combustion zone. It is installed in boilers of many types.

The direction of movement of the blades is determined by the design, and, in particular, the location of the outlet pipe. If it is located on the left side, the rotor should spin clockwise. The number of blades and their curvature are also taken into account.

For powerful models, you need to make a reliable base with fixing the case with your own hands. The industrial installation will vibrate strongly, which may lead to its gradual destruction.

Self-manufacturing

First of all, you should decide on the functional purpose of the centrifugal fan. If it is necessary to ventilate a certain part of the room or equipment, the case can be made from improvised materials. To complete the boiler, you will need to use heat-resistant steel or make it from stainless steel sheets with your own hands.

First, the power is calculated and a set of components is determined. The best option there will be a dismantling of the snail from the old equipment - a hood or a vacuum cleaner. The advantage of this manufacturing method is the exact match between the power of the power unit and the parameters of the hull. A snail fan is easily made by hand only for some applied purposes in a small home workshop. In other cases, it is recommended to purchase a ready-made model of an industrial type or take an old one from a car.

The procedure for making a centrifugal fan with your own hands.

1. Calculation overall dimensions. If the device will be mounted in a limited space, special damper pads are provided to compensate for vibration.
2. Case manufacturing. In the absence already finished construction you can use sheets of plastic, steel or plywood. In the latter case, special attention is paid to sealing the joints.
3. Scheme of installation of the power unit. It rotates the blades, so you should choose the type of drive. For small structures, a shaft is used that connects the motor gearbox to the rotor. In powerful installations, a belt-type drive is used.
4. Fasteners. If the fan is installed on an external case, for example, a boiler, mounting U-shaped plates are made. With significant capacities, it will be necessary to make a reliable and massive base.

This general scheme, according to which you can make an exhaust functional centrifugal unit with your own hands. It may change depending on the availability of accessories. It is important to comply with the requirements for sealing the housing, as well as to ensure reliable protection of the power unit from possible clogging with dust and debris.

The fan will make a lot of noise during operation. It will be problematic to reduce this, since it is almost impossible to compensate for the vibration of the case during the movement of air flows with your own hands. This is especially true for models made of metal and plastic. The tree can partially reduce the sound background, but at the same time it has a short service life.

In the video you can see the process of manufacturing a case from PVC sheets:

Overview and comparison of production ready models

When considering a radial snail fan, it is necessary to take into account the material of manufacture: cast aluminum housing, sheet or stainless steel. A model is selected based on specific needs, let's consider an example of serial models in a molded case.

Very often in the sultry heat in the room there is not enough at least a minimum air flow. To solve this problem, many people buy table fans, they are convenient and compact, some of them are powered by USB, that is, they can be connected to any charger, power bank or laptop so that the coolness is always with you. But why buy something that you can make yourself from improvised means? For readers of the site, we have prepared two simple instructions, which will intelligibly explain how to make a USB fan at home with your own hands. So, all you need to prepare is a sharp knife, good scissors, electrical tape, an unnecessary USB cable and, in fact, executive agency homemade. As for the latter, it is customary to use one of two options here: an old cooler from a computer or a motor from a typewriter or other toy.

Idea #1 - Use a cooler

It will take no more than 15 minutes to assemble a USB fan from a cooler. First you need to prepare the cooler. Two wires come out of the device - black and red, and sometimes yellow, even more rarely - blue. Yellow and blue are not useful to us. We clean the insulation by 10 mm and put the prepared element aside.

Next, you need to prepare the USB cable. We cut off one half of it and in the place of the cut we clean off the insulation with a sharp knife, a clerical one is perfect. Under it you will see four wires, of which two are necessary: ​​red and black. We also clean them, while the other two (usually green and white) are best cut and insulated.

Now, as you understand, it is necessary to connect the prepared contacts in pairs, according to: red with red, black with black using twisting. After that, you need to carefully insulate the cable junctions with electrical tape or heat shrink and make a stand. As for the stand, it's up to your imagination. Someone successfully uses wire, others are very interesting in cutting out a landing nest in a cardboard box.

In the end, a homemade mini fan is connected to a computer or charging box, and you can enjoy the operation of your own electrical appliance.

Cooler idea

Idea number 2 - Use a motor

In order to make a USB fan from a motor and a CD, it will take a little more time, but still, in an hour you can easily make such an electrical appliance with your own hands. A motor for such a homemade product should be chosen with an operating voltage of about 5 volts, maybe a little more. If you take the motor to a lower voltage, then too much current will flow through the circuit and the motor will quickly fail.

First, we prepare all the elements of the device. In this case, you will need to make an impeller (blades).

To do this, we recommend using an ordinary CD. We draw it into 8 equal parts and carefully cut it with good scissors, almost reaching the center. Next, we heat up the disk (it is convenient to do this with a lighter), and when the plastic becomes more elastic, we bend the blades under equal angle(as shown in the photo).

If the impeller is not bent enough, then no air flow will be created during the rotation of the disk. However, if you overdo it, then homemade will also work poorly and unstable.

When the blades are ready, proceed to the creation of the main mechanism. Inside the disk you need to insert an ordinary, cut to right size, a cork from champagne, which must be put on the motor shaft. Next, we move on to creating a USB fan stand for a laptop.

Here, as in the previous version, it all depends on your imagination. Of all the tools at hand, the wire option is the most suitable. When the homemade USB fan is ready, we connect the wires of the motor to the wires of the usb cord, as in the previous version, carefully isolate the twist and proceed to the tests.

Sitting at the computer summer time many people begin to suffocate from the heat, it’s good if there is an air conditioner, but it’s not always convenient to turn it on. In this article, we will tell you how to make a USB fan with your own hands, from a motor, a cooler and a small engine. Show the manufacturing process step by step instructions Let's highlight two of the simplest and most effective ways.

Making a fan with a computer cooler

To make a fan at home and not strain at all, we found this method on the open spaces of the network. The entire manufacturing process will take no more than 20 minutes, you can use old coolers or just buy a new one in the store, the price for them is now a penny.

First, we begin to prepare the cooler, it has two wires: red and black. We remove the insulation by 10 mm from each wire, there is even a device for stripping the insulation. The size of the cooler does not play a special role, of course, it is better if it is large, the wind flow will be stronger in the end.

We begin the preparation of the USB wire, for this we cut off one half at the place of the main cut and remove all the insulation. We will get four wires: two black and two red, we also clean them. If the cooler has other green or white color cut them off, they just get in the way. Learn how to make your own thermoelectric generator.

In the end result, you need to connect the wires to each other, there can be several ways, the main thing to remember is the color coding. Do not forget to isolate everything among themselves, the more isolation, the better. For convenience, the finished cooler can be installed in a regular shoe box, so it will be more stable.

This is how the guys in the video suggest us to make a fan out of a cooler. The method is actually simple, we do not promise strong airflow, but working at a computer will become much more pleasant.

Related article: Blockhouse in the interior of a holiday home in the suburbs

How to make a USB fan with your own hands using a motor

So, to make a fan from a disk motor and usb, we need more time, but this type of fan will look better. Everyone can make such a device, the main thing is to show a little desire and patience.

First of all we have to make the blades for our fan, we recommend using a regular CD, it looks great and is quite easy to make. Also read an interesting article where we make a laser level.

Here the guys from the video show a really cool way. In a similar way, you can make a fan out of paper, but remember, the paper must be thick, it is optimal to use cardboard in general.