New materials in the construction market. Construction and finishing materials. Vertical forest in the city, Milan, Italy

The attractiveness of any home depends on the interior decoration of the premises. It is the final touches in the arrangement of an apartment or house that make them comfortable and cozy. Most often, consumers prefer familiar materials that are time-tested and guarantee reliability and durability. However, the construction idea does not stand still, and new, more efficient and less expensive technologies in finishing work are constantly appearing.

In a modern interior there is no longer a place for simple lamellas, lining and clinker stone. Of course, in general, the materials for interior decoration remained the same: wallpaper, tiles, various plaster panels, varnishes and paints. However, manufacturers have improved their quality: now familiar materials have new, valuable properties and unusual shapes that allow you to create innovative interior design. Renovation materials that have appeared recently are gaining popularity.

Protective coatings

The latest types of protective coatings have proven themselves in various types of finishing work - more and more craftsmen prefer modern materials due to their reliability and safety.

We have chosen four modern protective coatings for walls, which will allow you to use non-standard solutions in the decoration of the apartment:

• Slate paints;
• Magnetic paints.

Due to the properties of some substances added to marker paints, after the surface has completely dried, about a week after the end of work, you can safely draw on the walls with markers, like on a marker school board. Such paints are an excellent solution for the walls of children's rooms.

Slate paints

Another option for children's interiors is slate paints. When using this material, it will be possible to avoid the unpleasant hassle of washing the painted walls. The surface covered with slate paint, children can safely paint with crayons, without fear of consequences, because drawings and inscriptions can be erased, as from a regular slate board.

Antibacterial paint cleans and disinfects the air, destroys harmful microbes. It is used in children's rooms and medical institutions. The action of the paint is based on the principle of photocatalysis, which starts when exposed to light. Also, this coating helps to avoid allergic reactions.

Magnetic paint

Magnetic paint contains small particles of metal, which allows you to attach various things with magnets to it - now travel souvenirs can be hung not only on the refrigerator!

Wallpapers have enjoyed stable popularity for many decades, and today new, more convenient variants of this coating continue to appear - for example, thermal wallpapers.

According to some characteristics, they resemble ordinary vinyl or paper wallpapers, however, under the influence of any heat source, they change color, a pattern appears on the surface. The secret is in the use of a special paint that exhibits its properties when heated.

Another innovation in the field of repair is seamless wallpaper. They resemble decorative tapes that are glued to the walls horizontally.

In the manufacture of wallpaper, new materials are used that come to replace the standard ones - paper, textiles and vinyl - for example, cork. For the manufacture of cork wallpapers, compressed cork chips are used. The main advantage of this material is environmental friendliness, and a significant disadvantage is its high cost. For gluing such wallpapers on the walls, no adhesive additives are used. The heat-treated material releases natural juice, which securely holds the mass together.

Liquid wallpaper is also used as a protective coating for walls. Behind the strange phrase is a material that is a decorative plaster, which is applied to the wall with a spatula and then leveled in an even layer on the wall surface. Such a coating hides unevenness and small cracks in the walls, but at the same time allows the walls to breathe, which prevents the appearance of mold. The disadvantages of using it include the high cost and solubility in water: you should avoid getting water on the coating and additionally fix the "liquid wallpaper" with a special varnish.

The coating imitates natural stone and is a durable and wear-resistant material. Walls lined with flexible stone look like they are covered with natural granite or marble.

Venetian plaster

An unusual protective wall coating, which is a liquid material that dries in an even layer and looks like natural marble.

Energy-saving technologies for renovation

One of the goals of innovation in interior decoration is the introduction of energy-saving technologies for repairs, which allow saving heat in the house.

The most common way to reduce the consumption of thermal energy is to insulate the walls and ceilings of the building. In this regard, new technologies for repairing ceilings have appeared.

A stretch ceiling is a polyvinyl chloride film tightly stretched over a mounted frame. Additionally, it is equipped with lighting fixtures of various shapes and configurations.

Stretch ceiling consists of several elements:

• PVC fabric;
• Lighting;
• frame;
• Decorative baguettes and caps.

Stretch ceilings have a different look depending on the material chosen: some resemble a mirror polished surface, others resemble a plastered plane.

The following types of tension structures are used:

• With a lacquered texture: it is most popular because of the shiny surface, which reflects light and interior elements of the room well;
• With a matte texture: the exact opposite of the previous look - the surface completely absorbs light; used primarily in public institutions;
• Satin texture: combines lacquer coating and a grainy surface, soft diffused light and beautiful overflows are obtained in the room;
• Perforated texture: when the lights are turned off, it imitates the starry night sky.

Manufacturers constantly offer new types of textures and many shades of stretch ceilings.

Stained glass ceilings have a number of advantages over the usual materials:

• Beautiful and unusual appearance;
• Ease of installation: installation of the structure is easy to do with your own hands - the stained-glass windows are installed by the assembly method.
• Practicality in operation: the ceiling is made up of separate parts that are easily replaced in case of damage; they are easy to wash and wipe from dust;
• Environmentally friendly: the stained glass window is made of metal and glass - no plastic!

The indisputable advantages of such a ceiling coating include resistance to moisture - because of this, its use in bathrooms is popular.

When choosing finishing materials for flooring, the purpose of the rooms of the apartment or house should be taken into account. For example, wooden flooring looks especially authentic in the kitchen, but there it requires special care. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that some synthetic materials can cause allergies in people living in the house.

Significant are such indicators as the appearance of the material, its moisture resistance, as well as the base on which the material will be installed.

Unusual types of tiles

For a long time, tiles have been the leader among floor coverings for bathrooms and kitchens; however, this is a fairly “conservative” material that is difficult to improve. Only relatively recently have such variations of the usual coating appeared, such as three-dimensional, liquid and pebble tiles.

Volumetric tiles have bizarre shapes: from one edge it is concave, and from the other it is convex. Such tiles look especially impressive on the wall, giving the room a stylish and status look. It should be noted that the installation of the material is difficult, and therefore is an expensive service.

Liquid tile allows you to create a unique design of the room: it changes color and image from mechanical influences. Liquid tiles are laid mainly on the floor - there its properties can be fully revealed.

Pebble tiles are used to decorate the walls of the bathroom. It consists of many stones glued to the base of the tile.

floor array

High-quality floor coverings are made from solid wood. This material replaces parquet. Manufacturing is simplified by the fact that technological processes such as sanding and varnishing are carried out in the factory. A solid board is laid in the same way as parquet - by gluing to the base.

Modern technologies have also touched the production of parquet. So, artistic parquet is an expensive flooring made of various types of wood. To create a pattern, panel parquet is used or decorative elements are combined with piece parquet planks.

Innovative material for flooring - advanced linoleum. This is an eco-friendly coating made from natural raw materials.

Marmoleum does not warp or fade, has good thermal insulation properties, is non-toxic, withstands heavy loads without loss of performance.

Due to the low cost, this material will soon be able to replace the usual laminate for everyone.

Innovative finishing materials that have appeared harmoniously fit into any interior. The advantages of such materials are obvious: safety for the health of those living in the house, environmental friendliness, high wear resistance, original appearance. Innovative materials have a high cost, but these costs justify themselves.

The development of the technology of modern building materials makes it possible to build cheaper and faster. Frame-panel and monolithic houses, buildings made of foam concrete and wood concrete, which until recently were perceived as exotic, are now becoming classics of the genre.

Oddly enough, but the closest attention of potential developers is focused not on building technologies, but on new materials for home decoration. And this is understandable, for the vast majority it is not enough to build a box of a building, you still need to be able to present the goods with your face or make a very accurate and expressive decoration of the house.

The most popular new finishing methods

Traditionally, a wide range of materials for finishing a newly built building is divided into several large groups:

• Decorative materials for finishing work indoors. This also includes floor and ceiling coverings, materials for finishing walls for ancillary facilities;
• Facing and protective coatings used in the decoration of the facade of the building;
• Coverings for bedrooms and children's rooms;
• Universal materials based on ceramics, composites and plastics.

For your information! Most of the new materials and coatings represent a further technological development of traditional finishing methods.

Most manufacturers stick to this way of developing new materials for two reasons. Firstly, it is easier and faster to overcome the psychological barrier of a person in the perception of new materials. Secondly, a modified product is much easier to sell than a completely new product.

Traditionally, the development of new materials goes in three directions:

• Getting a new look. For example, most of today's new wallpapers have such a range of paints, patterns and colors that were previously simply technically unavailable for production;
• Improvement of old finishes. With the introduction of new technologies for the production of ceramics and porcelain stoneware, the design, quality and durability of floor and wall tiles have grown by an order of magnitude;
• Improving the safety and environmental friendliness of coatings, especially for children, people suffering from allergies and intolerance to certain groups of chemical compounds. Demand for new, safer finishes is growing at a much faster rate than for fancy-looking finishes.

The main part of the new finishing materials appeared due to the widespread use of gypsum mixtures, acrylic and polyurethane resins, the manufacture of updated types of ceramics and compounds. The technologies that produce materials for the exterior decoration of the house have received the greatest development.

New technologies and materials for facade finishing.

A truly innovative approach to façade and exterior wall cladding was the emergence of new building mixtures for decorative plastering and the introduction of a new principle of wall-mounted finishing.

New plaster and paint coatings

Decorative plaster based on acrylic resins and a variety of different marble or calcite fillers made it possible not only to change the color and texture of the walls, but also to give them a new look by imitating natural stone or forming a certain surface relief. Such a coating practically does not fade in the sun, is not afraid of rain and frost, and, subject to the application technology, can stay on the walls for more than a dozen years.

The disadvantages of plastering materials include the high dependence of the quality of new coatings on the qualifications of the plasterer, in addition, most of the work has to be done manually, especially at the stage of wall texture formation.

Important! A real discovery in the field of facade wall decoration was the emergence of new water-soluble acrylic, water-based and water-dispersed paints, which have a huge number of new shades and colors.

With their appearance, the outer walls and facade of the house can be painted in the most sophisticated colors and colors. Overwhelmingly, the new house exterior paints have given the old and gray concrete buildings a fresh, updated look with minimal effort.

Exterior wall decoration with hanging decor

With the introduction of frame finishing technologies, it became possible to radically change the appearance of buildings, giving the walls a completely new look. For example, the use of thermal panels with glued ceramic granite tiles or natural stone imitation for finishing makes it possible to give an old cinder block building the appearance of an old natural stone masonry, facing brick, or even very accurately imitate wooden walls made of timber or rounded logs.

Similar results in finishing can be obtained by cladding the facades of the building with more durable panels of plastic and metal-plastic siding, a wooden block house, and even a new modified lining. Unlike thermal panels, new plastic and wooden cladding panels are easier and cheaper to install, which is why they are most often used in combination with new thermal insulation coatings.

In addition to hanging decor, new ceramic facing materials are increasingly being used for wall decoration - bricks and tiles made of porcelain stoneware and hyper-pressed mixtures. A new type of finish is cheaper than traditional facing bricks, and in terms of durability and appearance it is not inferior to it.

Most of the new technologies, in fact, are universal and are used in the development of new materials for interior decoration.

What's new in home interior decoration

Most of the innovations in interior decoration have concerned the development and use of new finishing mixtures, the use of plasterboard and MDF panels for wall repairs, the use of porcelain tiles for flooring and the arrangement of self-leveling floors. In fact, most of the new products are already well-known materials for exterior decoration adapted for interior work.

A real discovery in the issue of interior decoration was the emergence of hand-painted and new environmentally friendly natural materials.

Relief and graphics

Drawing graphic images on the walls of an apartment or house cannot be considered a truly new type of decor. Wall painting has been known for several thousand years. But with the advent of high-quality gypsum and decorative plasters, it became possible to make an ideal background or base for drawing a picture.

Hand painting instantly turned into an exclusive type of decoration, along with photo wallpapers and 3D decor.

Graphic images have become fashionable, especially in the thematically oriented design of rooms using natural materials, specially made interior and design items.

New 3D photo wallpapers and tiles with applied photo images are considered very interesting. After the room, the perception of space and perspective completely changes. A simple technique allows you to visually increase the spatial perception of small spaces, for example, a bathroom and a bedroom, at times.

natural materials

Traditionally, natural finishes have been limited to hardwood flooring and standard paper wallpapers using modified cellulose adhesives. The modern interpretation of environmentally friendly premises is increasingly forcing homeowners to abandon vinyl or non-woven wallpaper in favor of more exotic trellises made of cork, reed or woven bamboo fiber.

It is no secret that even new gypsum plaster mixtures contain surfactants, polymer plasticizers and dyes, therefore, composite plaster materials based on finely ground silicon and lime are increasingly used to finish the most important rooms in the house. An absolute novelty is the use of natural types of plaster, for example, Moroccan tadelakt - a waterproof coating without dyes and synthetic binders.

The most expensive type of finish is the use of genuine leather and fabrics made of cotton, linen and jute.

New panel materials for walls and ceilings

The advent of frame finishing of interior spaces made it possible to solve the issue of repairing old premises with curved walls at a completely new level. Instead of throwing tens of kilograms of cement-sand mass, a relatively simple technology for laying flat, like glass, gypsum boards on a pre-mounted steel profile frame is used to level the surface. With the help of the new technology, it turned out to be possible to level and clad the walls even with the extreme curvature of the surface.

Along with drywall for finishing work, MDF boards made from pressed cellulose fibers began to be used. The outer surface of such material is covered with a laminated layer that imitates wood, stone, tiles. The new, lightweight and flexible material can be used for ceilings and walls, with imitation of expensive wood or natural stone cladding.

A relatively new technology for finishing ceilings is the use of heat-shrink PVC membranes. To decorate the ceiling surface, it is enough to stretch a thin polymer sheet on a pre-mounted frame and heat the surface with a heat gun. As a result of shrinkage, the membrane is leveled to the state of a mirror, hiding defects and problem areas of the ceiling.

New floor materials

Among the new materials used for flooring, we can mention the appearance of self-leveling floors, the use of heavy-duty multilayer linoleum and the creation of parquet flooring from tongue and groove boards.

Self-leveling floor is a mixture of mineral filler and water-soluble polymer resin. Using a low-viscosity, but fast-hardening mixture, you can make a perfectly flat floor, which is subsequently covered with a laminate or parquet board. It is almost impossible to achieve such a surface quality by grinding or pouring concrete screed.

Commercial brands of linoleum of 33 and 34 classes can rightfully be considered a new finishing material. Unlike domestic grades 21 and 23, the new material has an additional polyurethane coating that provides a service life of fifteen years. Home linoleum will have to be replaced at least once every 5 years.

One of the most successful new materials for flooring is considered to be a coating that is assembled from a parquet board, like a laminate. Ease of assembly and installation is combined with high strength and durability of the material.

Conclusion

New materials for finishing the premises and the facade of the house not only simplify the work, but in some cases make it affordable for you to do it yourself, which means that the cost of finishing operations is reduced by 20-30%. In addition to an attractive appearance, decorative coatings become safer and at the same time more durable.

The spring season of interior exhibitions and events has come to an end, according to which we can say with confidence that, despite all the constraints, the interior industry is growing and developing every year, and new finishing materials and technologies appear on the market. What the designers paid attention to and what they singled out among the interesting interior ideas, we will tell in this article.

Designer Valeria Belousova, who actively attends all interior exhibitions and chooses interesting novelties among the variety of finishing materials, notes 4 main directions in tile finishing:

New technologies make it possible to turn ordinary porcelain stoneware into an imitation of marble, onyx, mother-of-pearl, and even metal, wood or fabric. Speaking of wood, the modern eco-style development trend allows you to save on natural wood finishes and create its texture with ordinary tiles.

Another trend in decoration is bright accents. In support of this, there are many finishes in the style of pop art and patchwork. Interesting comic book stories will be elegantly combined with pastel finishes, and patchwork tile layout technology will create an interesting play of colors, patterns and textures.

If we talk about novelties in finishing materials, then one cannot fail to mention kryon - a new generation of acrylic stone, reminiscent of natural to the touch, but warmer in texture. With it, you can even create streamlined shapes without joints, to avoid the accumulation of dirt. It can be used both in interior and exterior.

Architect Natalya Guseva I am sure that the new is the well-forgotten old. Of these novelties, the architect notes ordinary plywood. Modern processing technologies allow you to create interesting options for finishing walls, countertops, ceilings and floors. This is a durable, environmentally friendly, moisture-resistant and beautiful coating that can be painted and get interesting aesthetic compositions!

Designer-decorator Yulia Solovieva marks the expansion of the 3D wall panel market. If earlier 3D panels could not be used in the design of wet areas, today such panels are produced according to the principles of ceramic tiles, so they become excellent design options for kitchen backsplashes and bathrooms.

Elena Krylova - interior designer, actively promoting eco-design in Russia, has found interesting finishing solutions that positively affect human health. For example, adsorbent 3D wall panels that absorb toxic substances from the air.

Salt panels

Salt panels have become another option for a “healthy” design of the house. In addition to an elegant interior accent, they are also an excellent air ionizer.

The designer also notes cleansing wallpapers, in the structure of which a natural material is introduced, which recognizes and destroys unpleasant odors at the molecular level.

Interesting innovative technologies exist for facades and window decoration. For example, a line of special films is practically invisible on glass and at the same time is shockproof, protects the house from, has a cooling effect, anti-reflective property, is easy to clean and reflects light from opposite bright objects. And for facades, there are already shielding paints to protect the house from electromagnetic radiation and provide a therapeutic effect on the body.

There are also innovations in the field of engineering. For example, interesting solutions have appeared on the market that are ready to replace the usual heating radiators with a “warm baseboard”. "Warm plinth" (14 cm high and 3 cm wide), and, according to Alexander Vasiliev, the head of the distributor of this product, the plinth does not dry the air, evenly distributes the temperature, does not raise dust, creating a healthy microclimate in the room, eliminating room from side effects such as "weeping windows", fungus and mold.

Those designers who have already used a warm plinth in the interiors of houses and apartments confirm its advantages. Interior designer Elena Tikhonova:

“This versatile product can be used in any interior, has two connection options that save energy, is safe for wooden furniture and antiques, and at the same time, due to the induction method, evenly distributes heat in the room.”

And thanks to its compact size and wide decorating possibilities, it can fit into any interior. The best part is that such innovative solutions are the merits of the domestic manufacturer.

As we can see, the finishing market is growing, surprising us with new and new solutions. According to practitioners, attention should be paid to domestic manufacturers, which are beginning to offer solutions that are in no way inferior to Western counterparts.

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The production of building and finishing materials does not stand still. In a competitive environment, different manufacturers are constantly developing new solutions and patenting innovative developments that are aimed at improving the appearance and properties of materials, as well as creating unique products. Whether or not to trust the latest technologies in construction and decoration, everyone decides for himself. But we should not forget that they allow you to simplify the repair and decorate the interior in a new way.

Specialists from the Netherlands managed to solve one of the main problems in the construction of buildings - ensuring the durability of structures. They have developed a new technology for the manufacture of cement, which is able to spontaneously regenerate due to the presence of calcium lactate and certain bacteria. Live bacteria feed on calcium lactate and process it into limestone, which will fill the emerging microcracks and thus eliminate all microscopic damage.

This new technology of "live" concrete in the production of building materials will significantly save in the future on time and repair materials, since it initially contains all the necessary "components".

SolTech Energy from Sweden has developed a unique building material for the roofing of buildings - glass tiles. It is equipped with built-in photocells that accumulate the energy of sunlight and allow it to be used for various needs (water heating, heating, power grids).

Such tiles are made of tempered impact-resistant glass, therefore, they are not inferior in strength to traditional ceramic counterparts. The shape and size of individual glass elements correspond to the parameters of ceramic tiles, so they can be used to partially cover the roof. At the same time, the maximum efficiency from its use is achieved on roofs facing the south side.

To reduce the risk of flooding in cities, the English company Tarmac has developed Topmix Permeable concrete. Its main distinguishing characteristic is its high water permeability. If traditional types of concrete absorb up to 300 mm / h, then its new version is 36000 mm / h (about 3300 l / min.). The new technology for the production of building material involves the use of pieces of crushed granite instead of sand, through which water will seep and then be absorbed by the soil. This is especially true in large cities, where every year there is less and less open soil for water absorption. In addition to reducing the risk of flooding, the use of permeable concrete will keep the streets dry and safe.

The disadvantages of Topmix include a relatively high price compared to conventional concrete and the possibility of using only in places with a not too cold climate, since low temperatures will cause the concrete to expand and, accordingly, the destruction of the coating.

Environmental friendliness is one of the main directions in the development of the latest technologies and materials in the field of construction, therefore pressed linen slabs impregnated with natural layers of boron fit into this trend as well as possible. They are moisture and fire resistant, do not support the development of fungi and mold and do not accumulate condensate, therefore they are suitable for operation in conditions of high humidity (in baths, under-roof and attic insulation structures).

Linen boards can provide high-quality thermal insulation for up to 75 years (for comparison: the service life of glass wool insulation is 15-25 years, and that of mineral wool is up to 50 years).

The American company Ecovative Design, specializing in the development of various products from mushrooms, presented a unique biodegradable plastic Mushroom Materials. It includes crop waste (corn stalks, seed husks) and fungal mycelium, which, due to its natural binding properties, is used as a natural adhesive.

For the first time, the company used "mushroom" building material to build the world's first mushroom house: a compact housing measuring 3.6x2 m can easily be placed in a transport trailer. The company's specialists are confident that the new material can be used not only in construction, but also in other industries where plastics are used.

Another new technology that is used in construction for the production of windows, glass doors and partitions is smart glass (smart glass). Its main advantage is the ability to change optical characteristics (heat absorption, haze, light transmission) under the influence of environmental conditions.

This category also includes self-cleaning, self-heating and automatically opening windows. Thanks to their use, you can reduce heat loss, reduce the cost of air conditioning, and even replace the usual curtains and blinds. But smart glasses also have disadvantages in the form of a high price and the need to connect to the mains for some products.

One of the new finishing technologies, which belongs to a type of wallpaper and imitates the structure and color of different types of stone (sandstone, slate, clinker bricks, etc.). It is made on the basis of sandstone and an environmentally friendly polymer, due to which the new material is flexible, durable, light and easy to use. These properties make it possible to use it for finishing not only flat surfaces, but also for objects of complex shapes (fireplaces, columns, etc.).

The flexible stone has a thickness of 1.5-3 mm and is applied in stripes to the walls, previously coated with adhesive, after which all joints are rubbed. It is resistant to abrasion and fading, therefore it is suitable for finishing any premises and parts of the house (bathrooms, kitchens, saunas, pools, fireplaces).

Blooming (thermal) wallpaper

The main feature of this finishing material is the ability to change colors or show additional details of patterns in the event of a change in the temperature of the room or objects adjacent to the wallpaper. The effect is achieved thanks to a new technology for the manufacture of finishing materials using thermal paint, which is used to apply drawings to the canvas.

For example, at low temperatures, only green stems with small buds can be seen on the wallpaper, but when the temperature rises to 23 ° C, the buds increase, and at 35 ° C, lush bright flowers appear on them. This amazing novelty will bring zest to any interior and will not bother the owners of the house for a long time. The disadvantages of this type of finish include the high price, as well as certain requirements for the room: thermal wallpaper should be glued where conditions with temperature changes can be created (near heat sources, in rooms accessible to sunlight or with controlled temperature).

This is a relative novelty in finishing materials, which instantly changes the surface pattern when a person touches or steps. The technology for the production of "live" tiles involves the use of a polycarbonate capsule in the shape of a circle, rectangle or square, which is filled with a special colored gel. With pressure on the surface, the latter moves and spreads, and if the pressure disappears, the pattern is partially restored to the original. Such a tile washes well and absorbs sounds and vibrations, so movement on it creates almost no noise. It can be used in the decoration of any horizontal surfaces, from floors in different rooms to countertops. The disadvantages of "live" tiles include susceptibility to low temperatures and scratches, which can leave sharp objects.

The new building and finishing materials presented in this selection are new at the moment, but in the near future they may gain wide popularity and take the place of familiar to us, but already outdated and less functional building materials. Over time, the listed novelties will be replaced by others, and so it will be as long as a person strives for amazing discoveries and non-standard solutions to improve his life.