Canna as a houseplant. Garden flowers - cannes. Cannes in winter

Cannes are natives of tropical America, where they are perennials. Stem herbaceous erect, height from half a meter to two and a half or more. The leaves are large, rather weak, shaped like banana leaves.

Flowers grow at the ends of flowering shoots; spike-shaped inflorescence, asymmetrical flowers, large and brightly colored. The rhizomes are tuberous, with a high content of coarse starch (up to 27% in some species).

A bit of history

Canna got its name from the word kane, which in Hebrew means "stem" or "reed". That is, a plant with an empty trunk, which is quite true. Canna was first brought to Europe in 1570, most likely from the Antilles. However, for a very long time it was grown in gardens only as an ornamental plant.

In 1859, Mr. Anne, a horticulturist from Poissy (France), made the first attempts to develop cannes with a beautiful flower. However, Mr. Crozy from Lyon managed to create truly amazingly beautiful flowering varieties: in 1889 he received the first large-flowered canna variety, named after his wife M-me Crozy.

Classification

According to the scientific classification, the exotic beauty canna belongs to the Canna genus of the Canna family. As of 2016, the genus includes only 12 species (“The Plant List” is an online plant encyclopedia project created jointly by the Kew and Missouri Botanical Gardens).

Of these, only a few species are used in horticultural culture:

I Canna Indian / Canna indica - plant height from 0.5 m to 2.5 m, depending on the variety. This species has been cultivated for thousands of years by the indigenous peoples of North and South America as a food plant: the Indians ate the starch-rich rhizomes of the Indian canna.

II Canna drooping / Canna flaccida - the height does not exceed 1.5 m. The species comes from the swampy places of the southeastern United States from Texas to South Carolina. It is better known as water canna: the ripened seeds are transported over considerable distances by the course of rivers and germinate in the coastal zone.

This is the only species of the genus in which the flowers open in the evening and wither in the heat the next day. The species was first introduced in England in 1788. All modern orchid varieties (the modern name of the Italian cannes group) originated from the drooping canna.

III Canna cochineal / Canna coccinea - otherwise bright red canna, height approx. 2 m. Originally from Northern Argentina. Introduced in England in 1731.

IV Canna garden or hybrid / Canna x generalis - combines varieties of complex hybrid origin. In turn, it is divided into two groups:

with green leaves
with dark purple leaves

Flowers in this case can have a different color and shades, as well as the height of the stems. There are more than a thousand varieties, but breeders around the world do not stop there, working on the creation of new excellent varieties.

You can try to determine the type and variety of your canna (if it is unknown) from the photo; these plants, as a rule, have pronounced varietal characteristics.

Cultivation and care

In a temperate climate in central Russia and even in many countries of Northern Europe, cannes can only be grown outdoors as summer or container plants.

Canna is extremely thermophilic, so it can be planted in the ground no earlier than the beginning of June. Previously, the rhizomes are germinated at home, in warmth (15-25 C) and in the light. Too large rhizomes are divided after the beginning of bud germination: each part of the rhizome must have at least 2 normally developed buds.

Sections are disinfected with ordinary greenery or sprinkled with crushed coal, and then dried well (because the juicy canna rhizomes are prone to decay). When the leaves begin to unfold, the rhizome segments are planted in individual pots, where they will grow until planted in the garden.

A place for cannes on the site must be selected bright, protected from the wind. The plant needs rich, deeply worked soil with good drainage. Before planting cannes, the soil is thoroughly seasoned with organic matter with the addition of a complete mineral fertilizer.

The distance between plants depends on the characteristics of the variety: undersized from 40 cm, tall up to 80 cm. Caring for planted cannes is simple - these are strong and strong plants.

Removal of weeds, loosening, regular watering (more generous during the flowering period), top dressing with full mineral fertilizer at least 3 times during the growing season. Faded inflorescences are removed. By the end of summer, watering is gradually reduced - this is important for the full maturation of the rhizome.

Wintering: how to save the rhizome until spring

Eland can winter in open ground only in the south. Therefore, in the fall, before the onset of frost, the stems need to be spudded. This will protect the root collars from freezing and, in the future, rotting of the rhizome during storage.

The first sub-zero temperatures kill the juicy canna leaves, which means it's time to dig up the plants. The stems are cut, leaving a stump 10-15 cm high, and the rhizome is carefully dug out of the ground. The dug out rhizomes are stored in the cellar at a temperature of 5-7 C and an air humidity of 80%.

With insufficient moisture, the rhizome can dry out, with excess rot. It is easier and more reliable to keep the rhizomes planted in a pot with soil, watering very moderately.

If the leaves do not grow, the canna pot should be removed to a dark, cool place and practically not watered. But if the plant continues to grow, then you will have to keep it in a well-lit place and take care of it like an ordinary indoor flower. At a temperature of 12-15°C, the canna will grow all winter, and in the spring it can be planted again in the garden.

Spectacular and bright cannes are indispensable plants for ceremonial flower beds and exotic flower beds. They go well with modest summers: zinnias, annual "Merry Fellows" dahlias, multi-colored variegated coleus, as well as with all three types of marigolds (especially with fine-leaved marigolds of cheerful yellow and orange flowers).

Low-growing cannes are excellent container plants. Just do not forget about the need for good drainage!

Photos of cannes

The beauty of the flowering canna plant lies not only in the lush flowers, but also in the luxurious foliage from dark green to purple and even purple. Kanna is a heat-loving plant, it prefers to grow and fully develop in conditions similar to its natural habitat. However, caring for this plant is easy. Subject to all the rules, the canna will be a wonderful decoration of the garden for the whole summer and part of the autumn.

plant description

Kanna (Canna) belongs to the Canna family of the same name, grows naturally in China, India, as well as in Central and South America. This plant was brought to European countries in the 16th century by Portuguese sailors, but in culture it began to be grown a century later. Despite the fact that the homeland of the flower are countries with a warm climate, growing it is not a hassle. This flower is resistant to diseases, tolerates drought, is unpretentious and decorates the garden until late autumn. The only condition is that cannes do not winter well in the Russian climate, so they need to be dug up for the winter.

Cannes have a branching rhizome that grows in width. Straight, thick stems of flower stalks grow up to 3 m, depending on the variety. Large leaves have an oblong or oval pointed shape, their size reaches 80 cm in length and 30 cm in width. Flowers up to 17 cm in size are asymmetrical in shape, collected in paniculate inflorescences. Initially, the color of the flowers was fiery red, but as a result of selection work, varieties were obtained in orange, pink and yellow tones. Sometimes you can find bicolor and white cannes.

The progenitor of all plants of this family is the Indian canna, from which, as a result of painstaking selection work, modern varieties of garden canna were obtained. All hybrid varieties were divided into three groups:

species name	Description and popular varieties	Photo
Canna Crozi	The varieties of this group are considered undersized, their height is from 60 to 160 cm. The leaves are dark green or purple-bronze in color and covered with a whitish coating. Flowers of all shades of red are distinguished by folding petals. The first hybrid varieties were obtained by the French breeder Crozy in the second half of the 19th century. The best varieties of this group are Livadia, America, President and others.	Canna Crozi grade Livadia
Canna Orchid	In their form, the flowers of the orchid canna are similar to the flowers of the catlea. The height of plants of this variety is from 1 to 2 m. Flowers up to 17 cm in diameter have corrugated edges of the petals. Leaves may be green or purplish. The most popular varieties are Andenken an Pfitzer with bright orange flowers, Suevia with lemon-colored flowers, Richard Wallace with light yellow flowers	Orchid canna cultivar Suevia
Deciduous or small-flowered canna	The height of plants in this group reaches 3 m. The leaves of these varieties can be of different shades: from green to purple. The size of the flowers does not exceed 6 cm. Varieties of this group are rarely grown. The most famous can be called Durban with yellow-orange flowers and striped leaves.	Deciduous canna grade Durban

How to plant cannes?

Cannes can be grown in several ways. When propagated by seeds, it is not always possible to preserve the varietal properties of the plant, so this method is rarely used. To obtain seedlings, sowing material at home is performed at the end of February. Since the seeds of this plant have a very hard shell, it is softened before planting. This can be done in several ways:

scald with boiling water, then put in a thermos in warm water for 3 hours;
hold on a hot battery for 12 hours;
place in the refrigerator for 2 hours.

canna seeds

Seeds are sown in boxes with light soil and placed in a semi-dark room with an air temperature of +22 degrees. The first shoots appear after 3 weeks. When the seedlings have 3-4 leaves, they are dived into separate cups and kept at a temperature of +16 degrees before transplanting into open ground. Flowering of such plants can begin both in the current and next year.

Proper breeding of cannes involves growing them from tubers. At the beginning of March, the tubers are divided so that each part has one strong kidney and several weaker ones. Places of cuts are powdered with crushed coal. The prepared delenki are planted in a greenhouse on the sand, positioned tightly to each other with a kidney up, and sprinkled on top with a layer of sand. From time to time, the soil is moistened by spraying with water. The air temperature in the greenhouse should be from +20 to +24 degrees, for the best result, you can heat containers with dividers from below.

canna tuber

When leaves appear and the divisions become cramped in a common box, they are placed in separate pots and kept in the garden until transplanted at a temperature of +16 degrees. Once every 10 days, seedlings should be watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, spreading 2 g of crystals per 10 liters of water.

When planting cannes in open ground, growing at home can be omitted. But in this case, the timing of flowering is postponed and the plant may not have time to bloom before the onset of cold weather.

Transplantation in open ground

You can transplant plants for growing in the garden after the warm weather is finally established and the threat of frost has passed. Usually this is done in the spring in mid-May in the Moscow region, in Siberia this period can be pushed back to the end of the month. The growing site for cannes should be well lit and protected from drafts, with fertile, organic-rich soil. In order for the flowers to grow quickly and bloom profusely, it is necessary to prepare holes for them in a special way. This process looks like this in detail:

1. Dig a landing hole 50 to 60 cm in size.
2. 20 cm of fresh manure is laid on the bottom. It will heat the roots of the plant from below, thereby provoking active growth and violent flowering.
3. Manure is covered with a layer of earth 25 cm.

Eland prepared for planting

A grown rhizome is placed in the prepared hole, sprinkled with a layer of earth and watered well. If unprepared canna tubers are planted, they are placed at a depth of no more than 9 cm.

Since cannes are large, the distance between individual holes should be at least 60 cm.

One of the most unusual and spectacular bulbous plants is canna. Canna flowers are able to decorate any composition, be combined with almost any other plants, and also look beautiful in single plantings. Canna is a perennial herbaceous plant native to tropical forests, so it cannot overwinter in open ground.

Botanical description

The canna flower can reach a height of 2 meters, has large oblong leaf blades, up to 50 cm in length and up to 25 in width. The color of leaf blades can be all shades of green. The flowers are very large and have a lemon, pink color, purple hues. These plants are most popular for growing in gardens and cottages. They are well suited for landscaping areas and areas in front of the house.

Due to their large size, they create a unique composition. But, in addition, canna is great for growing in the garden or at home. At home, it is kept in large tubs or floor pots. To grow this beautiful flower in room conditions, you should select the appropriate varieties, preferably undersized, to fit in a room, on a balcony or loggia.

Such varieties reach a height of no more than 160 cm, they do not require complex care, and such flowers will decorate not only the room, but will also look decent in an office or administrative building.

Canna content rules

In order for the canna to have not only juicy greenery, but also bloom profusely with large and bright flowers, it must be properly looked after. Caring for a plant at home comes down to following certain rules and creating the necessary conditions for it.

Lighting

Kanna belongs to light-loving plants, so you need to place it in a sunny place. A window sill on the south or west sides is well suited for this. You can put the canna opposite the window on the floor. She is not afraid of exposure to sunlight, so she does not need to be shaded.

Temperature conditions

The optimum air temperature is about 20-26 degrees Celsius. In such conditions, the flower develops well. The room where the plant is kept should be slightly ventilated.

Humidity Requirements

Under natural conditions, cannes grow in the tropics, where the climate is warm and the level of humidity is high, so home-grown varieties and flower species also need to maintain a high level of humidity. Here, care consists of weekly watering. With the onset of the summer period, on hot days, the number of waterings is increased to two times a week. If the plant experiences a lack of moisture, then it immediately lets you know about it.

Large leaves curl into a tube. In this case, the flower must be watered immediately. In the heat, to create optimal humidity, it must be sprayed with warm water and the air around the plant too. With the onset of autumn, watering is reduced, and then completely stopped. Such measures contribute to the ripening of the rhizome by winter.

rest period

For two months a year, the plant needs a dormant period and at this time care is also needed. Watering is stopped, and the stems are cut off, leaving them 10-15 cm high. The canna pot is cleaned in a cool place where the temperature does not exceed 6-10 degrees Celsius.

Transfer

Since the canna develops very quickly, the flower needs to be replanted annually, increasing the size of the container. The soil for the canna should be light and loose. For this, a mixture of soddy, leafy soil with peat and sand is suitable. It is good to pour a layer of expanded clay or other drainage material on the bottom of the pot. Then a layer of soil is poured on top, and the plant is placed in a pot. From all sides, add the required amount of earth and lightly compact. The flower tolerates transplantation well, so it can be carried out at any growing season. In order for the water not to stagnate in the pot, the soil must be periodically loosened. Loosening also contributes to the saturation of the soil with oxygen. Plant care after transplantation is the same as the rest of the time.

top dressing

Top dressing of the plant is carried out with complex mineral fertilizers about once every 30 days. Cannes respond very well to fertilization, the leaves become more juicy, and flowering is abundant with large flowers.

Bloom

Canna blooms at home not often, but if the care is good, then flowering can be achieved.

The buds bloom first at the bottom of the stem and gradually go up. Plant care during flowering involves the removal of faded buds and dried leaves. This will help preserve the decorative appearance of the plant and free it from unnecessary flowers and leaves. There are varieties that drop dead leaves and flowers on their own, so there is no need to remove them yourself. Periodically, you need to clean the leaves of accumulated dust, it is best to do this with a damp sponge.

canna disease

Cannes are rarely affected by diseases when grown indoors. Sometimes bacteriosis develops on the leaves, which is manifested by the appearance of black spots on the leaves. The cause of the disease is considered improper care of the plant, or rather, waterlogging of the soil. It is better to prevent this disease than to treat it. Therefore, timely watering as the soil in the pot dries up will be the best prevention of this disease.

Plants grown indoors are practically not damaged by pests. In rare cases, they can be inhabited by aphids or caterpillars, which must be dealt with with the help of insecticides.

In general, canna care is very simple, despite the fact that this plant is tropical, it feels great at room conditions and does not need special attention. Therefore, it is worth having this plant in your home. And let it take up a little more space than other plants, but large juicy stems and leaves will create a real atmosphere of the tropics in the room. In addition, thanks to the abundance of greenery, there will never be a lack of clean air.

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Every summer resident wants his landscape area to be decorated with beautiful and bright flowers. To do this, you can use both singly planted plants and whole compositions. One of the most spectacular flowers is canna. Few today use it in their summer cottage, although it grows well and does not require special conditions. The topic of this article is canna: planting and care in open ground. This article will help you get to know this exotic plant better and plant it on your territory.

Kanna: planting and care in the open field

Kanna is an Indian flower that migrated to us a very long time ago. This is a perennial plant, however, it cannot overwinter in the open field. Most of all, cannes attract bright, beautiful flowers that have an asymmetric shape and a variety of colors: white, yellow, red or crimson. Also today, varieties with spots, stripes and various patterns are bred.

Today, quite a few varieties of cannes are known. All of them differ in the flowering period, planting and care features. But each variety will perfectly decorate your landscape design, brings brightness and exoticism to it. Outwardly, the canna is somewhat reminiscent of a palm tree. That is why the people call this flower palm. By placing him in the center, you can be sure that he will become the leader of your entire composition. Large, branched cannes stand out from the rest of the plants, as they bloom from early June to September. Sometimes they stand until the first frost.

There is an opinion that caring for a flower is too difficult, so it is better to plant it in a summer cottage. But this is an unsubstantiated claim. The main thing is to know the features of growing and create a favorable environment for the plant. This will help to easily grow cannes on the territory. Let's look at how to plant a flower on the site and what is needed for this.

Kanna: planting in open ground

In the beginning, we note that the flower propagates by rhizomes, which can be purchased at all specialized stores. So, canna will grow if properly selected:

Location. The flower does not grow well in the shade, but in open space it can quickly die. Therefore, it is important to choose a place so that there is both coolness and a sufficient amount of light. It is also important to avoid drafts so as not to damage the stem of the plant.
The soil. The earth should be nutritious, rich and moist. Of course, it is now quite difficult to find such a soil, so it is recommended to mix it with manure, peat and ash. If possible, it is better to make a mixture composed of equal parts of sand, peat, humus and earth.
Landing time. When is the best time to plant a canna? The end of April - beginning of March is considered optimal. It was at this time that the probability of night frosts, which the flower is so afraid of, is completely excluded.
Special hot pad. In order for the growth and flowering of the plant to be long and lush, many summer residents use some trick - they make an organic litter for the flower. It consists of horse manure, which is freshly laid on the bottom of the hole, and soil is poured on top. As a result of burning, heat will develop, which will contribute to long-term flowering.

To propagate the canna, it is necessary to dig up rhizomes in the autumn for wintering in the cellar. And in the spring, before disembarking, divide them into several parts. The places of the gap must be lubricated with coal or a weak solution of magnesium oxide. It is also recommended to plant planting material in a small greenhouse so that the rhizomes can sprout. As soon as small sprouts appear on the surface of the soil, you can start planting in open ground.

Cannes planting

Canna care: what is important not to forget?

Many summer residents will be surprised by the simple care of a plant that needs only:

Moderate watering. Do not fill the flower. Enough periodic watering as the soil dries. Canna reacts rather poorly to severe waterlogging and tolerates drought more easily.
Top dressing. To do this, you can use mineral or organic fertilizers. You can feed several times a week.
Loosening the soil and killing weeds.

As for pests, they rarely attack eland, so you should not worry. So, canna, planting and care in the open field is a simple matter and even inexperienced summer residents can do it. We hope that our tips will help you grow beautiful cannes in your area that will delight your eyes all season long.

Due to the versatility of cannes, they can be grown both in the yard of a country house and in an apartment as a house plant. The main thing is to adhere to a number of conditions.

Outdoor cultivation

In order for the cultivation in the garden to be successful, amateur gardeners of temperate latitudes will have to sweat quite a lot. Due to the fact that cannes are southern plants, they can hardly tolerate cold and strong winds. But with the proper level of perseverance, cannes will delight with flowering from the end of June until the first cold weather.

It is easiest to buy cannes already sprouted and ready for planting in the ground.

They are planted in mid-May to guarantee protection from frost.

Otherwise, the plant will stop growing, and in extreme cases will not even have time to bloom until autumn.

Experienced gardeners know that cannes reproduce by dividing rhizomes. Therefore, when buying tubers, and not germinated flowers, you should pay attention to the presence of at least one large bud or several smaller ones. During storage, the rhizomes can become moldy, so you need to carefully examine them for rot - diseased plants will not bloom.

In order for the separated tubers to germinate, they are all laid out together in a box of sand, sprinkled a little with the same sand on top. The box must be placed in a bright but cool place - about + 16 ° C. Once every ten days, the roots are watered with a solution of potassium permanganate - so that they sprout and disinfect the plant.

Initially, outdoor cultivation strongly inhibits flowering.

In this case, cannes begin to bloom only by the end of summer.

After the sprouts reach 10 cm in height, they are transplanted into the garden. To do this, 20 cm of manure is laid out in a hole at a depth of about half a meter, the same amount of land, everything is well moistened, and only then cannes tubers are planted. Since the flowers grow well, you need to leave about half a meter of free space between them.

See also: Rust on peonies, how to fight?

What to do after disembarkation

double mineral top dressing with soil loosening;
regular abundant watering during the flowering period;
removal of weeds in the first growing season;
treatment with insecticides to protect against nematodes and caterpillars;
pruning of withered inflorescences.

Wintering

Before the first cold weather, the flowers are cut and dug up. The tubers are sprinkled with a mixture of peat, sawdust, earth and sand and stored in a cool place - in the cellar, loggia, in the attic with a temperature of up to 10 ° C. You also need to monitor the humidity of the earth, and maintain it at 50%.

Cannes can also be stored in the refrigerator - washed, dried tubers are wrapped in paper and placed in the vegetable compartment. Before that, they can be soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate to protect them from decay.

In both the first and second options, it is sometimes necessary to check the roots and cut off all rotten areas. The cut site is treated with iodine and placed back into storage.

in a pot

The good news for apartment owners is that growing in a pot and caring for cannas is much easier in this case. No need to treat the flowers with insecticides, loosen the soil and dig up the tubers. For the proper growth of cannes, they need tubs with a diameter of 50 cm. The cannes themselves in the apartment bloom almost all year round - they only need 2 months of rest. After flowering is completed, they gradually cease to be watered, then cut off at a height of 10-15 cm and placed in a dark and cool (about + 10 ° C) place.

In the spring, watering is also gradually increased so that the plant “wakes up” and is taken out to a lighted place. "Home" cannes reproduce in the same way - tubers, which are divided in the spring.

Canna flower: planting and care

But some fans prefer growing cannes from seeds. This is a rather labor intensive process. The seeds are softened by dousing with boiling water and keeping in warm water for several hours. After that, the seeds are planted in light soil, and kept at a temperature of about 23 ° C, avoiding bright light.

After the seedlings germinate and form three or four leaves, they are seated in separate pots. As soon as the plants get stronger, they need to be transferred to large tubs, trying not to damage the rhizomes. After transplantation, growing such flowers at home or on the street is no different from those propagated by tubers.

Cannes require some care, but with the right skills, growing them will be no problem for any gardener!

In the photo: Kanna En Avant, Kanna Lucifer, Kanna Tyrol, Kanna Gnome, Kanna Cleopatra
Even more cannes in our catalog http://vse-rastet.ru/catalog/89/

Irreplaceable plants in the preparation of bouquets and gardening of flower beds in personal plots. They are very beautiful when planted in large groups, look great in the middle of flower beds, as well as for indoor gardening as pot and tub plants. Cannes are also good in summer on balconies and terraces. Perfectly combined with undersized and medium-sized plants. And if the canna is located against the backdrop of a green lawn, then you can stand for a very long time and admire these magnificent flowers.

We can often see compositions stunning in their solemnity, the basis of which are cannes flowers. They look so incredibly festive that you can’t imagine a better flower for this type of bouquet. For a bouquet, cannes flowers are cut in the morning or in the evening. They stand in a vase for quite a long time: 4-5 days in a warm room and 6-8 days in a cool one.

cultivation
Cannes are heat-loving plants and are afraid of frost, so it is recommended to plant them in our strip only after May 9th. In case of damage to the leaves, the plants will recover for a long time. Land before planting should be deeply cultivated. For digging or plowing, humus is added at the rate of 4-5 kg per mg. You can make horse manure to a depth of 80 cm and pour 30 cm of earth on top. Before planting, holes are dug to a depth of 20-30 cm. The holes are filled with water, especially when rhizomes with leaves are planted. If the soil is dry, watering is necessary both before and after planting the rhizomes. Cannes can also be planted with a non-sprouted bud (this is more suitable for southern regions) - then the planting depth should be 6-9 cm. The distance between plants should be at least 50 × 50 cm. Plantings should be watered regularly until leaves and stem appear .

Canna care
To ensure the normal growth and development of plants, to achieve the maximum effect, regular weeding, abundant watering and loosening are necessary. During the growing season, plants need to be fed 2-3 times with mineral fertilizers. Fertilizers in granules are carefully scattered on the previously abundantly watered soil around the plants, and then loosen it. The rate of fertilizer application per 1 m2 is 40-50 g of the mixture (12 g of nitrogen, 25 g of phosphorus, 10 g of potassium). As they fade, dry inflorescences are cut off to preserve the decorativeness of plants. Another positive property of cannes is that they tolerate transplanting very well at any stage of growth, however, subject to mandatory watering.

In autumn, before frosts, plants can be planted in containers and brought into the room, placed closer to the windows. They will delight you with their flowering for a long time. Plants with leaves can overwinter indoors, but winter watering should be reduced to once every two weeks. In the spring, these plants can be divided and planted.

Cleaning and storage
Cannes bloom all summer and autumn. They are especially beautiful in late autumn, if early frosts do not come. However, these magnificent plants do not overwinter in the ground and must be dug up for the winter. It is better to dig up cannes in sunny weather or immediately after the first frost. Having dug around the plants (over the summer they gain a large mass), they need to be shaken a little before, cut the leaves and stems at a height of 20 cm with a pruner or a small saw. Having laid the rhizomes in boxes, they are brought into the room, noting the name of the variety. After two weeks, grooves are made (if there is room, for example, in a greenhouse under a rack) and, laid in rows, covered with earth. If there are no such conditions, the rhizomes are stored in containers until spring, sprinkled with earth. Occasionally (once every two weeks) they are watered.

Cannes - amazing flowers: cultivation, care and reproduction in the open field

If there is a warm basement or garage, then they can be stored there, observing the optimal temperature regime (not lower than 8 ° C). If the temperature is higher, it is necessary to ensure that they do not dry out (if necessary, water twice a month). In the spring, the rhizomes must be divided, cleaned and planted, so that from summer until the very frosts, the burning torches of cannes caress our eyes and delight us.

Kanna is a plant from the Canna family, includes 12 plant species. Cannes are considered to be native to South and Central America. Plants grow well in sunlit, free areas, moist, nutrient-rich soil, along the banks of water bodies, in mountain gorges. But canna cultivation in the open field and at home, many summer residents began to practice, noting the excellent external characteristics of the plant and its excellent adaptation to new conditions.

Canna cultivation in open ground and at home

Kanna - how to grow at home?

Cannes are herbaceous perennials with strong roots and powerful foliage.

The leaves of the plant are arranged in two rows on a small stem. The flowers are large and reach up to 8 centimeters in diameter, have a different color. Some varieties have purple, bronze or variegated foliage. But, despite their beauty and long flowering period, the flowers are odorless.

Kanna: how to properly care for and grow a flower

The plant blooms almost all summer and until late autumn.

The rhizomes of plants contain a large amount of starch. They can be eaten baked, as the Indians of America do. Green mass is useful for livestock feed. Cannes are widely used in landscape design. Due to their massiveness and brightness of flowers, they are used to decorate summer cottages, flower beds, artificial reservoirs.

Canna is a heat-loving plant and does not tolerate cold weather. For growing on your site, it is better to purchase plants that have already germinated and are ready for planting. They are planted in the ground at the end of May, when warm weather sets in. Otherwise, growth may stop and there may be no flowering.

Rules for planting cannes in open ground:

When planting with tubers, be sure to make sure that there is one or two large buds, or several small ones.
It is important to inspect the roots for the presence of rot, which can form during storage.
For germination, the tubers are laid out in a box with sand and sprinkled with it. The container is placed in a cool, bright place (from +16 degrees). Once every 7-10 days, they should be watered with a solution of potassium permanganate to ensure disinfection and stimulate germination.
With a height of sprouts of about 10 centimeters, they can be planted on the site. To do this, prepare a hole with a depth of at least 20 centimeters, pour humus into it, water it abundantly with water and plant cannes. Since the plants are large, a distance of at least 40 centimeters between them should be observed.

After planting, twice a season, the flowers are provided with mineral top dressing. In addition, good watering and regular loosening of the soil, removal of weeds, pruning of wilted parts is necessary. Additionally, you can treat with insecticidal preparations to protect against caterpillars and nematodes.

Canna home

Canna care at home

With the onset of the first frost, the leaves of the plants turn black. They and the stem must be cut off, leaving a small ground part, which can be sprinkled with humus on top. In late September - early October, the rhizomes are dug up, taking them out along with a clod of earth. It can be stored in the basement (not lower than +6 degrees), sprinkled with sand. During storage, the sand must be periodically moistened.

Breeding cannes at home is not difficult. At home, they bloom almost constantly, with the exception of two months of rest.

The rules for growing cannes are simple:

The plant is planted in pots with a diameter of 50 centimeters.
Gradually stop watering after the plants have faded.
Pruning is carried out at a height of 10 to 15 centimeters and transferred to a cool (not lower than 10 degrees), dark place.
With the onset of spring, watering is resumed to wake up the plant and put in a lighted place.

Cannes are propagated by dividing tubers and growing from seeds. Most often, the club method is used, since growing from seeds is a more laborious process. In general, the cultivation of cannes in the open field and at home- the task is easy and within the power of anyone, even a novice summer resident.

See also video:

Canna planting and care, how to store cannes in winter, home and garden canna

Canna flowers - care and storage

Cannes are native to Central and South America. The cultivation of this beautiful southern flower began only in the seventeenth century. Translated from Greek, canna means reed. This wonderful flower is great for decorating city squares and flower beds, and also looks good in private gardens. Because he has not only beautiful flowers, but also leaves of various color options from light green to yellow, from dark green to beet leaf color.

Canna storage in winter

Preserving canna flowers in winter at home is not a big deal. The main thing is to choose the method that suits a particular gardener personally, since everyone has their own living conditions. Let's take a look at some of the ways you can store cannas in the winter.

Storage of canna rhizomes along with the ground in the basement

Depending on the region where cannes grow, digging begins at the end of September and is dug up before the cold weather during October. Since the leaves of the canna turn black during the first frost, and rotting may begin.

Therefore, we dig out the cannes, and carefully transfer them together with a clod of earth into a prepared bucket or other container, without destroying the clod of earth. Then this container is transferred to a room where in winter the temperature does not fall below 5 degrees Celsius. If the basement is not moist enough, and the ground is dry, then once a month it is necessary to lightly water the cannas with water. This method is not very beneficial in that during the winter period the roots may begin to rot, but this will not be visible in the ground, and as a result, the entire rhizome may die. It is not very convenient to dig out for inspection every time, as dirt will be transported indoors.

Storage of canna rhizomes in the apartment

If there is no basement, then canna roots can be kept at home. To do this, before the cold weather, they dig out the rhizome of the canna, and wash it well with water from the ground. A solution for disinfection is made, potassium permanganate is diluted to a bright pink color, but not bright crimson. Washed canna roots are lowered into the solution and kept in it for a day. Then the roots must be dried and each rhizome should be wrapped separately in a newspaper folded in two layers. After that, all bundles with roots are placed in a vegetable box, and can be placed in a cool place. It can be an insulated loggia, or a non-freezing pantry, or vegetable compartments in the refrigerator.

Storing cannas in pots

If the gardener cannot provide a cold canna in winter, then this method is the most reliable for him. Digging is carried out, as usual, then disinfection. Together with an earthen clod, the cropped cannes are transplanted into a flower pot and brought into the apartment. These pots are placed in a well-lit place where the temperature does not fall below 15 degrees Celsius. All winter they are watered sparingly so that the earth does not dry out. This method has its own advantage, since dormant buds ripen well during dormancy.

Growing cannas in a pot

If you cannot part with these beautiful flowers for the entire winter period, when digging out, you can plant some of the cannes in a pot that is suitable in size, bring it into a warm apartment and continue to care for them so that its vegetation does not stop. Therefore, the pot is placed on the south side of the apartment and watered like a houseplant. And after a month and a half, the flower will again delight with beautiful flowers.

Cannes planting in spring

Canna cultivation has become almost ubiquitous, as it is a versatile plant that looks both in a group of plants and as a separate tapeworm. For outdoor cultivation, cannes should be planted in the sunniest spot. Plant it in spring in well-prepared soil. But for this, around March, it is necessary to awaken the canna rhizome after wintering.

The soil is taken loose, for this you can mix:

garden soil;
peat;
sand.

Cultivation should take place at a temperature of 22 degrees Celsius and above. Cannes will not grow in a cold room. For about 2 weeks, the canna grows roots and only after that the foliage begins to grow.

Before planting a canna in a permanent place, it is necessary to accustom it to the open air. The training usually lasts up to five days. To do this, first they take it out for a couple of hours to fresh air, and after 5 days have passed, you can already leave it on the street. It must be remembered that a cold snap in May on the soil up to 5 degrees Celsius can irrevocably destroy the eland. Therefore, it is planted only when the return frosts have passed.

When preparing the pits for planting, we must not forget that these are quite sprawling bushes and therefore the pits are dug at a distance of about 60 cm from each other. You also need to fill the landing pit for cannes.

How to grow cannes in the garden

To do this, add 5 kg to the dug hole. humus, 500 gr. wood ash, 30 gr. nitroammophoski.

The roots are planted at the level of the root collar or slightly below it. After planting, the flowers require abundant watering, 10 liters each. warm water under each bush.

Many lovers of this flower are advised to remove the first shoots of flowers in order to better root the flower.

And do not forget to cut off those flowers that have already faded, this will stimulate new flowering of the canna.

Reproduction by division of roots

Reproduction occurs in the spring after we get the rhizome after wintering. If the roots are in the ground, then it must either be crushed or washed with water. After that, we inspect them for rotting or other damage to the roots. If there are such places, then they are removed and sprinkled with ash or activated carbon. Then, with a sharp knife, divide the rhizome in such a way that each part contains both a tuber and a growth bud. Existing long roots are cut to half the length. Then all parts of the roots are laid out in one layer and lightly sprinkled with either peat or sand. Watering is not necessary. Within a week, and sometimes a little longer, the kidneys should hatch. When the kidneys grow by 5 cm, they can be planted in separate bowls for germination and exposed to light. For example, on the windowsill, where the sun hits.

Cannes, planting and care in spring

Canna lilies are known for the hot colors of the flowers they come in, such as orange, yellow, and red. David Beaulieu

This article discusses how to store canna bulbs for the winter. In addition, you can use this information to store other tropical or subtropical plants that return annually through bulbs, tubers, or rhizomes, such as elephant ear plants.

Note: The instructions given here can be considered as the method of the book. The fact is that some gardeners successfully store canned food in an unheated basement during the winter, without cooking them at all and without giving them water all winter.

If they grew plants in containers during the summer months, they cut the vegetation down to soil level, left the bulbs in the pots, and simply brought the latter indoors, placing them in a cool, dry, dark place.

How to store canna bulbs

Canna bulbs (technically, rhizomes, but known to the general public as canna "bulbs") can be left in the ground to overwinter in planting zones 8-11. In areas colder than this, to be safe, it's best to dig and store canna bulbs in late autumn. When the winter is over, the ground has thawed and all danger of frost has passed (late spring for most growers), you will be able to plant your canna bulbs again.

When: While you could dig up the rhizomes earlier, most growers wait until the canyon leaf foliage has died from frost.
Remove any foliage, dead or alive, from the plants.

Note: When storing canna bulbs, there is some disagreement among experts as to whether to remove the dirt from the bulbs or leave them in place. Hedge your bets by trying both ways. In later years, you will learn from your experiment which way works best for you.
Let the canna bulbs dry for a few days before storing them where they won't freeze. If it's warm enough to do it outside, it's preferable to dry them inside (better ventilation outside).

You will store the canna bulbs in a plastic bag in which you can punch a few small holes for aeration.
Place peat moss in a bag to retain moisture.
Now pack the bulbs in the peat moss so that none of them are touching.
Store canna bulbs in a dry, dark, cool place (about 50 degrees, give or take a few degrees).
Check periodically in winter to make sure the peat moss around the canna bulbs is still slightly damp (if you find it dry, use a mister to loosen it).

You may be wondering why the above steps mentioned the need for both moisture and dryness. Isn't that a contradiction? Well, the point is to strive for balance. Too much moisture rots canna bulbs; while insufficient moisture causes drying. Avoid extremes.

If you prefer picture storage instructions, check out these winter storage instructions for dahlia tubers (the process is the same).

Many growers definitely grow Tropicana canna because they like the beautiful variegated leaves (although the flowers are beautiful too). Striped in four colors, they give the summer landscape a tropical feel. But the above information applies to all types.

Graceful cannes (Canna) are very popular not only because of the unusual flowering and impressive leaves of various shades, which are used for decorative purposes. The plant, which came to Europe in the 16th century, conquered flower growers with its unpretentiousness, resistance to diseases and temperature changes. Starting from the end of June, until frost, you can enjoy the colorful leaves and flowers of the plant. Cannas have only two drawbacks: the complete absence of smell and the inability to leave them in the cold in open ground. It is necessary to store rhizomes in winter in boxes, sprinkled with sand and sawdust.

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Description

This is a tall flower, sometimes reaching a height of 2.5 meters. The straight stem is densely strewn with leaves, rather large, oblong configuration, with a sharp end. They can be 25-80 cm long and 10-30 cm wide. Each variety has leaves of a certain color. The stem turns into a rather strong peduncle with large asymmetrical flowers. If earlier it was possible to meet only red cannes, today, thanks to the successful work of breeders, new hybrids delight the eye with a wide variety of shades. However, white blooms are rare.

The rhizome of the culture strongly branches and grows in width. Cannes are not recommended to be left to winter in the open. Therefore, flowering next year depends on how the roots are stored in winter. The fruit of the plant is a box, which includes three nests.

Types and varieties of culture

Canna flowers are representatives of the Cannov family. The cradle of the plant is the countries of the American continent, Hawaiian Islands, Indonesia. There are more than 50 types of cannes, differing in size, color of leaves and flowers, which makes it possible to create magnificent color compositions in your garden.

Basically, all common types of cannes are obtained as a result of the fruitful work of breeders who have given the world many plant hybrids. And their basis was the Indian canna, the cultivated varieties of which are called the garden canna. Connoisseurs divided the garden canna into several subgroups.

Canna Crozi

A variety of undersized plants (up to 1.6 meters), the flowers of which, at first glance, look like garden gladioli. The leaves are dark green or blood-bronze, covered with a white coating. The name of the flower is in honor of its creator, the Frenchman Crozy.

The following plant varieties have received recognition:

1. Livadia. The height of the hybrid is not more than 1 meter. Purple leaves. Inflorescences - red-crimson hue, up to 0.3 m long. Buds bloom in early July.
2. America. The height of the hybrid is from 120 to 140 cm. The leaves have a purple hue. The flowers have a special color of red tone - cinnabar - and reach almost 120 mm in diameter. Brushes 35 cm long. Bloom in early July.
3. President. This is a meter plant with bright red flowers and 30-centimeter inflorescences. The leaves are greenish, and the flowering period begins in early July.

Canna orchid

The plant is tall, sometimes reaching two meters. Quite large flowers, somewhat shaped like a Cattleya. The edges of the petals are corrugated. The leaves are dark green, sometimes with a purple tint.

This species includes the following varieties of canna:

1. Andenken an Pfitzer. Grows in height up to 1.4 meters. The inflorescences contain beautiful flowers of a bright orange tone with red strokes. The leaves of the plant are dark red. Such cannes bloom from mid-summer.
2. Suevia. They reach 1 meter in height. Carpal inflorescences contain lemon flowers. The leaves of the hybrid are green. They bloom in the last days of June.

There are other cannes hybrids. For example, Richard Wallace stands out with light yellow flowers with reddish dots that begin to bloom in mid-summer. The flowers are arranged in 23-centimeter inflorescences. Canna leaves are green.

Deciduous (or small-flowered) canna is popular. Although the variety reaches a height of three meters, the flowers are small, up to 6 cm. But the leaves are unusually beautiful: bright green, with a purple bloom. This variety is rarely found in nature. Among the deciduous hybrid, the most famous species is Duban. Striped leaves of bizarre shades and orange-yellow flowers will decorate any courtyard or summer cottage.

Growing garden cannes

In the garden and flower beds, cannes are grown in two ways.

The first way is growing from seed. It is used extremely rarely. Not all seeds germinate, and varietal characteristics are rarely preserved with such planting. And if the seed method is chosen, it should be understood that the grown flower may differ from the original canna.

To prepare the seeds for planting, you need to know that their shell is quite hard, it is supposed to soften it. This process is performed according to the following algorithm:

Dip the seeds in boiling water.
Leave them in warm water at a constant temperature for 3-4 hours.
Keep the seeds for about 12 hours on a hot radiator.
Place in the freezer for a couple of hours to freeze.

Sowing month is February. Containers are filled with the prepared substrate, grooves are made and seeds are planted in them. The containers are left in a darkened room, where the temperature is maintained at about 22-23 ° C, for 25-28 days - until shoots appear. If 3-5 leaves appeared on the shoots, the sprouts dive into prepared containers. The temperature can be reduced to 17 ° C and the material can be kept indoors for some time. Then transfer to the ground. Flowering can be expected soon, but sometimes this does not happen until the next year.

The second way is cuttings. As a result of cultivation, the shade of the canna will be the same as that of the original plant. And flowering will definitely come this year. The cutting process is carried out according to the following scheme:

In early spring, the rhizome is disassembled into parts (delenki), each of which may contain one strong and large kidney or many weak ones.
Sections are covered with crushed coal. Dry.
Delenki are laid out in a heap on the ground or sand, and the kidneys are placed in a horizontal plane.
The material is covered with sand and waiting for germination.
The roots should not be allowed to dry out. To do this, the sand is regularly moistened with warm water. The temperature in the room should be above 21-24 °C.
When leaves appear, the canna can dive into small vessels until planting in the ground, maintaining the temperature in the room within 16-17 ° C.
Plants will be stronger if they are watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate every 10 days.

Germination can be avoided and planting material can be placed directly into the soil. However, one cannot hope for an early flowering. Therefore, a more reliable option is the germination of culture.

Transplantation in open ground

When the frost period ends, you can plant plants in the garden, in flower beds, in the country. The place for placing the canna should have a sufficient amount of sunlight, be hidden from drafts and wind. You should take care of the rich organic matter of the soil. You can cook it yourself if you mix peat, humus and sand in equal proportions, add leafy soil to them in the same amount. Drainage is necessary, since with strong moistening of the roots, plant diseases are possible.

The so-called hot litter will allow cannes to bloom for a long time and generously. Prepare it as follows:

Cow dung is poured into planting pits, the diameter of which reaches half a meter. Its layer, 20 cm high, should completely cover the bottom of the hole. The manure will warm the roots of the canna and stimulate rapid growth and abundant flowering.
Then it is covered with a layer (23-25 cm) of rotted manure, watered and germinated tubers are lowered into the pits.
They dig them up.

If you have to plant a non-sprouted crop, you should not place the plant deep in the hole. It is enough to lower the sprouts by 7-9 cm into the recess. The distance between the pits should be more than half a meter.

In less than two months, lush and beautiful flowers will appear on the flower bed, pleasing to the eye.

In different regions, the plant is supposed to be planted at different times. Usually it is the beginning of May. At this time, the nights are no longer very cold. Otherwise, the timing of flowering is shifted until the onset of sustainable heat.

Care

During the growing season, the sprouts only need to be fed 2-3 times with mineral mixtures. To do this, after watering, granular top dressing is poured around the plant and the soil is loosened. The composition of the mixture includes mineral fertilizers:

potassium - 10 g;
phosphorus - 25 g;
nitrogen - 12 g.

This amount of top dressing is enough for 1 square meter of land.

It is necessary to irrigate the canna regularly, using a small amount of water. As soon as the culture blooms, watering should be increased - within reasonable limits: waterlogging of the root system is not indicated due to possible diseases. When caterpillars, butterflies appear, which harm the leaves and roots, insecticidal preparations are used. Weeds should not be allowed to grow. Canna inflorescences are left only fresh, not faded.

In the interval between the end of flowering and before the first frosts, the canna is highly spudded: the root neck is a vulnerable spot in frosts. After the onset of the first frost, it is supposed to cut the stems of the flower to a height of 15-20 cm. The rhizome is supposed to be pulled out simultaneously with the earthen clod.

Then the plant is determined for storage in a cool room, where diffused light is established and moderate humidity is contained. The dug roots are placed in boxes, sprinkled with a wet substrate of sand, peat, sawdust.

The tubers are constantly checked. The rot that appears is cut off, and the cut is treated with iodine. Be sure to maintain a constant level of humidity, protect the rhizome from temperature changes.

Features of growing at home

At home, the culture grows successfully in pots or other convenient containers. They can be installed on the balcony, veranda, directly in the apartment. Only two months a year the plant rests, and the rest of the time it pleases with beautiful leaves and flowers. It can constantly be indoors, receive the necessary care like any houseplant: watering, transplanting into larger containers, treatment with pesticides.

If there is a desire to transfer a flower from the garden to the house, this is not difficult to do. In the fall, the planting is carefully dug out along with the ground and transferred to a pot, after watering and cultivating the soil. It is much easier to take care of the culture in the house. Spraying and loosening of the soil, weed control and top dressing will be cancelled. Cannes should be chosen where there is a lot of light. And watering should be done, when necessary, with settled water. From time to time, the leaves are wiped with a damp cloth. Even after the canna has faded, they will remain fresh and bright.

Watering after flowering is gradually stopped. Leaves from below are removed a few centimeters above the base. Then the container with the plant is transferred to a dry room where the air temperature is above 10 degrees. In spring, the flower can be planted by cuttings.