Distance from the septic tank to the well: sanitary standards and requirements, device, tips from the masters. How to properly position the septic tank on the site: the distance from the residential building and the entrance for special equipment Where to place the septic tank and the well on the site

A septic tank is an integral part of the sewer system of a private house, so choosing its location on the site should be taken seriously. Obviously, the smell from aeration zones and sedimentation tanks is not the most fragrant, and moisture filtering into the soil creates high humidity, and placing septic tanks near residential buildings and water intake sources can be not only unpleasant, but also dangerous to health.

Correct placement

The construction of a septic tank is considered the most practical option arrangement of sewerage in summer cottages and in country houses, however, so far in many major cities there are areas, especially intended for cottage development, where there is no urban drain, so there also arises the need to build a cesspool.

It will be correct if the choice of a place for a treatment plant will be carried out at the stage of designing a land plot. Only in this case it will be possible to correctly find the space so that it meets all existing sanitary standards.

Let's say more, before installing a septic tank, it is imperative to agree on a project for its arrangement in the SES, otherwise the structure will be declared an illegal building and can turn into numerous troubles for its owner.

At best, you will get off with only a fine, and at worst, you will be forced to dismantle the entire structure - this will result not only in huge financial expenses, but also in significant discomfort for all family members.

To avoid these problems, it is extremely important to know all the basic rules for the safe arrangement of cesspools. These standards are regulated by the current SNiP 2.04.02-84, 2.04.02-85, as well as 2.04.03-85 and 2.1.5.980-000. It is these documents that establish the basic standards for the construction of a local local sewerage system.

To residential building

If the septic tank is located in the immediate vicinity of a residential building, then its inhabitants will be annoyed by numerous unpleasant odors, which is why most homeowners and developers try to choose the place most remote from residential premises, while taking into account the relief - if the site is uneven and hilly, then the septic tank is arranged in the very low place.

The sanitary standard establishes that the minimum distance between the septic tank and a private house should be 5 meters, only in this case the household will be protected from the "ambre" coming from the sewer. Approximately at this distance, a filter well should be located, unless, of course, it is planned in the drainage and drainage system, since the water coming out of it can wash away the foundation of the building and destroy it. As for the cesspools directly, they can be located closer, but you should not risk your comfort by digging it right under the windows.

Many site owners are trying to "push" the septic tank as far as possible at a distance of 15 meters or more. But this approach cannot be called correct in any way, because in sewer pipes, the length of which exceeds 8 meters, quite often there are blockages that have to be cleared.

That is why the standard value of 5 meters is optimal from a sanitary and technical point of view.

In some cases, it is allowed to equip a septic tank at close range, but this is only possible with the installation of a high-quality cleaning system Wastewater. In addition, shortening the distance is allowed if the septic tank is made of dense reinforced concrete, and a solid waterproofing system is installed between it and the house.

Up to the neighbors

No one needs problems with neighbors, therefore, when arranging a septic tank, their interests must also be taken into account. The desire to move the cesspool to the maximum distance from the house is understandable, but if the pit is located “right under the noses” of the neighbors, then they are unlikely to be delighted with this.

In the case when development is carried out in parallel in all areas, as is the case with the development of new lands, it makes sense to coordinate in advance the location of septic tanks in all areas, this will significantly reduce the risk of conflict situations in the future.

If the drain system is being built in an already operating house, then it makes sense to be guided by existing standards, which set the minimum allowable distance from the septic tank to the neighbor's fence of 2 meters.

To the well

It is very important that the septic tank is located at a distance from the water intake site, since it is necessary to exclude any possibility of contaminated water entering the water supply system that carries drinking water to the house, otherwise the water will become unsafe for the life and health of adults and children.

According to SNiP, at least 30 meters should be located from the cesspool to the well, however, if the water intake is located below the level of the septic tank, or the site consists of highly permeable soils, then the distance should be increased to 50 meters.

To the well

Similar requirements apply to the distance between the septic tank and the well. Of course, the very design of the septic tank excludes any threat of the penetration of effluents into the well, but the occurrence of emergencies can never be ruled out. As a result of depressurization of the seams or “active activity” of rodents, the probability of water entering the soil increases significantly, therefore it is necessary to maintain a distance between the drain area and the well, which must be at least 20 meters, and if the soil contains sand or sandy loam, then at least 50 meters.

To the track

It is very important to build septic tanks at a sufficient distance from the highway, the minimum distance between these objects should be 5 meters.

The reasons here are technical - on busy roads is constantly maintained high level vibration, which causes the gradual destruction of the walls of the septic tank, this significantly increases the risk of cracks and depressurization of the structure.

SES also makes recommendations regarding the remoteness of the cesspool from the garden. According to the regulations, it should be equipped at a distance of at least 4 meters from fruit trees and vegetable plantations. This is due to the fact that excessive waterlogging leads to rotting of the roots and death of plants.

And, of course, it is important to remember that the allowable distance between the septic tank and rivers, lakes and streams should be at least 10 meters.

Can it be taken outside the site?

Many homeowners believe that existing regulations septic tank installations only concern the distance between the sewer and the main buildings and structures, so you can place them outside your site if the required distance is maintained.

This is not entirely true, since, in addition to the regulations of the sanitary services, civil legislation applies to any buildings. According to the law, any septic tank is a private treatment plant, and they can only be built on their own land, otherwise this building will be illegal, and the actions of its owners will be interpreted as land squatting.

If the construction of a cesspool outside the site is noticed, then the consequences will be the most bleak:

at any time you can receive an order to eliminate an illegal building, and you will have to carry out the dismantling at your own expense;
when registering property rights to a house and land, you will also have to register a septic tank, and if it is built outside the boundaries of your own site, this possibility will be difficult;
if the land officially belongs to the municipality, then at any time the authorities can dispose of the site at their discretion, ignoring the fact that an unregistered septic tank is located there.

Therefore, all necessary approvals and permits should be carried out not only within the framework of sanitary standards, but also in accordance with the provisions of the current legislation governing the ownership of houses, land plots and outbuildings.

Main dangers

Consider why it is so important to comply with all established standards. To understand why you need to correctly choose the location of the septic tank on the land, you need to start with the basics:

a septic tank is a sewage facility in which household waste accumulates and settles, their cleaning capacity does not exceed 60%, so it is very important to make the harm to the environment minimal;
most of the structures installed in private homes cannot be considered full-fledged filters in any way - they purify sewage by no more than 60%, and therefore it is necessary to strive to minimize the harm caused by sewage to soil and groundwater.

Of course, filters installed at industrial and municipal water intakes have an efficiency of about 99%, but they are quite expensive, so most of our compatriots cannot afford such designs.

All this leads to the fact that the installation of a septic tank creates certain environmental risks:

due to the low tightness of containers and their connections with pipes, waste can enter the soil;
if the septic tank is located in close proximity to aquifers, then drain water can penetrate into ground water;
during spring floods or in the absence of timely pumping, the containers may overflow, and sewage waste is poured into the area adjacent to the house;
in case of violation of the integrity of the tanks, flooding of the foundation and destruction of the supporting supports of a residential building can be observed.

To avoid these unpleasant problems, it is important to take the choice of the location of the septic tank very seriously, with special attention to be paid to the depth of installation of the tank and the sealing of joints and seams.

Additional requirements

Unfortunately, not every land plot, especially for houses located within the city, boasts a large area, sometimes even 3 meters is not enough, not to mention the need to withstand a five-meter distance from the septic tank to the residential building. Sometimes there is not enough space.

Inability to maintain the required distance between the water well and cesspool is not a reason for its reduction, because this requirement is not taken "from the ceiling", it is based on the need to preserve human health. Therefore, if there are no required five meters, then it makes sense to think about another version of the drain system.

A septic tank is a local treatment plant, which is usually equipped on the territory of private houses for the treatment of domestic wastewater. This design is necessary for those who do not have the opportunity to connect to the central sewer system. But it is important to know that a septic tank cannot be built where it pleases - there are a number of specific requirements that are important to consider before materials are purchased for the construction of a local sewer. One of the main ones is a certain distance from the septic tank to the house. What should it be?

Why can't you build a septic tank closer than it should be?

Before we find out at what distance from the house an autonomous one should be located, let's find out why quite serious requirements are imposed on her and her location.

The fact is that all the drains that enter the septic tank from a residential building contain all kinds of toxic and dangerous substances. It is also a variety of bacteria and microorganisms. In general, wastewater contains an explosive mixture of human waste, food residues, surfactants and much more. Just imagine that such a saturated substance in large quantities will fall into clean soil or groundwater - this can lead to dangerous environmental pollution.

Sewage from a septic tank, if it leaks, can harm the environment, negatively affecting animals and plants living around. Getting into groundwater, runoff from the local sewage system pollutes them. And there are no guarantees that they will not fall into the exact reservoir from which you or your neighbors pump water in case of drinking water from a well. It is a mistake to assume that effluents are exclusively useful organic fertilizers.

Attention! Drinking water from a water intake poisoned by sewage is not safe for life. Such water can cause the development of various serious diseases.

Leakage of the septic tank and, as a result, the ingress of sewage into the ground.
Untimely cleaning of the septic tank or floods can lead to overflow of wastewater over the edge of the sewage treatment plant and to contamination of the site.
Penetration of sewage into groundwater and its pollution.
Flooding of buildings, roads.
An unpleasant smell that will spread for a couple of tens of meters around in case of an improperly equipped septic tank.

Some may begin to argue and say that before, in general, everyone used only cesspools and no one thought about the dangers of sewage. But before, such an amount did not get into the sewage chemical substances and water consumption was much less. Therefore, even 20 years ago, special importance was not attached to compliance with sanitary standards regarding private sewer systems. Now, in every private house, drains must either be accumulated and pumped out, or cleaned before entering environment.

Of course, a home septic tank does not purify water by 100% - only industrial treatment facilities (such as) are capable of this, but it will at least allow the most dangerous suspensions to be removed from the water.

Attention! In the event of complaints about the operation of your septic tank, you may face either administrative or criminal penalties.

Regulations

Since septic tanks are potentially hazardous to well-being environmental situation on a particular site with structures, their installation and installation are governed by several laws, rules, regulations, the requirements of which must be strictly followed. Otherwise, under some unforeseen circumstances, problems with the law cannot be avoided. What is

Table. The main regulatory documents that regulate the construction of local sewerage.

Name	What governs
SNiP 2.04.02-84	This document regulates everything related to the process of water supply of any objects.
SNiP 2.04.03-85	It is this document that defines the basic rules, as well as the norms for the arrangement and construction of any sewer networks.
SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00	This list of rules and regulations allows you to navigate in all aspects of the sanitary protection of reservoirs - surface water sources.
SNiP 2.04.01-85 dated 1986-07-01	The document contains a list of requirements relating to water communications.
SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03	According to this standard, it is possible to determine the boundaries sanitary zone.

SNiP 2.04.02-84. Water supply. External networks and structures. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

SNiP 2.04.03-85. Sewerage. External networks and structures. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

SanPiN 2.1.5.980-00. Hygienic requirements for the protection of surface waters. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

SanPiN 2.2.1/2.1.1.1200-03. Sanitary protection zones and sanitary classification of enterprises, structures and other objects. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

Also, each septic tank project must be submitted to the sanitary service, where a decision will be made on whether it can be implemented in practice or not. Simply put, before starting construction, you need to obtain permission to do so.

Attention! It is necessary to obtain a building permit for a septic tank. Otherwise, the treatment plant will be considered illegal, which may entail the imposition of a rather large fine, the dismantling of sewers, and more.

At the same time, SES specialists can come to you with a check, based only on someone else's complaint.

If you want to provide yourself with amenities and do not want problems with the law, then building a septic tank is not only possible, but also necessary. It is this design that will ensure the preservation of a favorable environmental situation on your land and its surrounding territories.

It is important that waste does not fall into the soil

The distance from the septic tank to the house according to the norms

If you turn to the regulatory documents, you will be able to find out that the septic tank relative to the residential building should not be located closer than 5 meters from the foundation. It is this distance that allows you not to feel the “ambre” from the sewerage in the room (provided that the structure is well-groomed and works properly). At the same time, it is the filtering well that should be at this distance, if one is planned in the sewer system, since the water coming out of it can begin to wash away the foundation and destroy it. The sedimentation tanks themselves may be closer, but still it’s not worth the risk by arranging them under the windows. TO , you can read in our article.

Distance from the septic tank to the house and other objects

Sometimes homeowners try to immediately install a septic tank as far from the house as possible, maintaining a distance of 10-15 m between them. However, it is important to remember that blockages can sometimes occur in sewer pipes, which means they (pipes) will need cleaning. In this case, the natural slope of the pipeline should be 20 mm per linear meter. If it is too large or, on the contrary, small, then blockages cannot be avoided, and with a pipe length of more than 5-8 m, they happen very often. So exactly the recommended 5 m is best option the distance between the treatment plant and the residential building.

In certain cases, the septic tank can be equipped at a distance closer than 5 meters, or directly under the house. But this is feasible only if local wastewater treatment is used.

Distance to other objects

When equipping a septic tank on the site, it is important to take into account the distance between other objects and the treatment plant. For example, it is important to remember that neighbors live next to you. Obviously, you should not install a septic tank under their noses - the structure should be at least 2 m from the neighbor's fence. Be sure to coordinate the installation project of the sewer facility with the neighbors so that there are no complaints in the future.

Also, you should not have an autonomous sewage system next to the garden - not all plants like a lot of moisture. The distance between the trees and the septic tank should not be less than 4 m, but it can be removed from the bushes by only 1 m.

It is also important to consider the distance between the sewer system and the water intake point on the site. If you focus on the rules and regulations, then you cannot build a septic tank closer than 30 m relative to the water source. And then this is allowed only on the condition that the water intake is higher if you move along the flow of wastewater. A hydrogeological study of the area will help determine this. And provided that personal plot sandy soils, the minimum distance is 50 m. In general, the farther the septic tank is from the water intake point, the better.

It must be at least 3-5 m (the first indicator applies only to cast-iron conduits). The structure is also removed from the gas pipe by 5 m.

On a note! Do not be negligent about the arrangement of the septic tank and its tightness. The ingress of pollutants into the aquifer of groundwater is fraught with poisoning, the development of diseases in you and your neighbors.

The septic tank is also being built taking into account the location of highways. The distance to them from the treatment plant should not be less than 5 m. Otherwise, due to the vibration generated from constantly moving vehicles, the walls of the structure will gradually collapse, which will shorten its service life and may lead to runoff entering groundwater.

Do not forget that with respect to streams, rivers, lakes, the septic tank should also be located at a certain distance - it should be at least 10 m.

Other requirements

When arranging and operating a septic tank, other equally important rules are also taken into account.

If groundwater is located high enough, then the arrangement of the septic tank must be taken very carefully. And maybe it's better to abandon it altogether.
When planning the installation of a structure, it is important to take into account that the septic tank septic tanks periodically need to be cleaned of silt and solid particles, so a sewage truck should calmly drive up to them.

Remember that initially correct installation A septic tank will save you nerves and money.

How to choose the location of the septic tank

Finding out at least the approximate location of the septic tank and the possibility of installing it is quite simple and it is quite possible to do it yourself.

Step 1. Make a plan-scheme of all objects located on your site. Be sure to indicate the dimensions and dimensions of buildings, distances to water intake points. Put on the scheme of the territory with plantations, a neighbor's fence, roads and other objects.

Step 2 According to the above data (distances to objects), find out the area on which a septic tank can be installed. The blue rectangle in the figure is the same territory.

Step 3 Determine where the treatment system will be located, and where the filtration well.

Step 4 Find out if any communications pass near the planned location of the septic tank.

What to do if there is not enough space

Unfortunately, it also happens that, whatever one may say, there is no place for installing a septic tank on the site. The area is so small that there will not be enough space for the construction of sewerage according to the rules and regulations. Many people ignore this moment and equip the septic tank anyway, but this should never be done. If it is still not clear why, then you should re-read the information above.

However, the problem with sewage can be solved even in modest areas. Sometimes it is only necessary to install a drive - a kind of septic tank, reminiscent of. This is a container with a completely sealed bottom and walls. Such a storage tank needs to be emptied as it accumulates, which vacuum trucks do an excellent job of. In addition, the price of this design is quite affordable. But in operation it is no longer the cheapest.

Prices for a storage septic tank

storage septic tank

Video - Distance from the septic tank to the foundation

As you can see, building a septic tank is not so easy - it is important to take into account a lot of aspects and nuances. And it does not matter if you cannot build a sewer on the site due to objective reasons. Remember - there is always a way out. But sometimes going against the law and building a septic tank is not worth it - just think that if the septic tank is destroyed (and this will inevitably happen due to the wrong location), the drains will pollute the environment. Remember this and do not break the laws, equip treatment facilities in accordance with all the rules.

Installation of a septic tank

The sewer system is usually installed by constructing a VOC, septic tank or cesspool. In order for the autonomous network to work properly, without deteriorating the state of the environment and without causing trouble to health, special norms and rules have been developed, in accordance with which it must be built.

On summer cottages it is necessary to think in advance of all future objects, where they will be placed and what their sizes are. The location of the septic tank on the site is best chosen at the design level. Then it will be easier to keep everything regulatory requirements and at the same time build all the objects so that everything is in good places.

Choosing a place on the site for the location of the septic tank

Even though septic tanks are sealed today, emergencies cannot be completely ruled out. Therefore, in order to avoid unpleasant consequences, the accepted rules should be followed.

Regulations and permission

basis in legislative framework draws up a federal law called "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population." In principle, the owner of the site should have an interest in complying with it, because otherwise, he risks both his own health and the health of other family members, as well as neighbors.

On the other hand, the law in any case must be respected regardless of the attitude towards it.

It is unacceptable to install a septic tank solely at your own discretion. After all, there is a potential threat of harm to people. Therefore, a construction project is initially prepared, then it is approved by the SES, which issues a building permit.

Such a document is issued only in cases where the project complies with all accepted applicable standards and requirements. The treatment tank must be installed within the site. But, having received the document in hand, the owner does not have the right to equip the structure as he pleases, since the regulatory authorities may well check compliance with the arrangement of the structure, and if facts of violation are established, they have the right not only to impose penalties, but also require dismantling of the device.

septic tank layout

Detailed rules and regulations are also regulated by other by-laws, which include sanitary and construction requirements.

Septic tank and water intake

When deciding where to install a septic tank on a site, it is important to observe the required minimum distance from it to a well or well.

The point is that when emergency the possibility of the penetration of contaminated liquid into the aquifers of the soil must be completely excluded. If this happens, then there will be a high risk of infection with various diseases. This requirement applies to both cesspools and septic tanks, because it is impossible to exclude the latter from an emergency, for example, caused by depressurization or rupture of pipes, eating them by rodents and other things. Therefore, the distance between the water intake and the septic tank should be as large as possible. The footage is calculated depending on the type of soil and the presence of soils with filtration between the aquifer and the filter. This indicator is precisely approved by regulations.

If there is no specified location between the layers, then the distance should be at least twenty meters. To determine the existence of filter sites, special hydrogeological studies are carried out.

septic tank layout a few meters from the house

The higher the soil filtration properties, the greater the distance of the septic tank from the water intake point should be. With a high rate, it should be at least fifty to eighty meters.

When arranging, it is also necessary to comply with the rules for the location of the septic tank relative to the water supply. So, the minimum distance between sewer and water pipes should be ten meters. This is necessary in case a depressurization occurs and there is a danger of sewage entering the water supply.

In addition to the required condition, the natural slope must be taken into account. For example, the water intake point should be located above the septic tank.

Distance from the septic tank to the house, fence and other objects

In order to properly place the septic tank, the requirements regarding its location in relation to the house must be met. So, in particular:

it is located at a distance of more than five meters from the foundation - this is necessary to comply sanitary safety, for proper functioning and to avoid the spread of unpleasant odors into the house;
the distance should also not be too large, since good work with a long sewer pipe will be quite problematic, and wells for revision will have to be additionally built.

The placement of septic tanks should be carried out not only taking into account their own interests but also neighbors.

installation of a Topas-type septic tank in a pre-dug well

A suitable place is selected in accordance with the following indicators:

with the smallest distance of the septic tank from the road general use, but at the same time it should be at least five meters;
so that there are no unpleasant collisions with neighbors, the distance from the septic tank to the fence of their site should be at least two meters.

In addition to these objects, there are the following requirements:

between the septic tank and any building, the allowable distance is more than one meter - this is due to the fact that due to such remoteness it will be possible to avoid washing away the base, in case of a risk of an emergency;
it is necessary to think over the access of the sewage machine in advance so that it is possible to clean the treatment plant;
the septic tank should be located no closer than fifteen meters from water bodies open type(rivers, lakes, streams), the lower end of the pumping should be at a distance of 2-3 meters;
the safe distance from fruit and other trees is three to four meters; moisture-loving plants can be planted closer.

Cesspools and storage septic tanks

In private houses, in addition to septic tanks, simple cesspools without a bottom can be built. However, there are certain requirements that apply directly to them:

They must be waterproof.
Above the structure must be a cover or grate.
The pit must be cleaned at least twice a year.
In addition, regular disinfection with a mixture containing a number of cleaning elements is required. Dry bleach should not be used.

A few decades ago, this type of sewer structure, like a cesspool, seemed the only possible one. Today it is almost not used, but in some places it can still be found. The structure is a pit without a bottom. The material can be brick, cement, concrete rings or some other kind. The liquid from the drains, falling into the pit, freely seeps into the soil, at the same time being cleaned. All solid organic matter settles, accumulates and then is cleaned. Previously, holes were simply dug out, not caring about their water resistance, but as they accumulated, they left them and dug a new one.

Today, an alternative to a cesspool is a storage septic tank. It differs in that the effluents do not pass into the soil, but remain completely in the tank.

Connecting sewer pipes to the installed septic tank Topas

Such a structure, installed according to the above rules, is possible, but it will be advisable only if the owners of the house rarely live in the house. With a permanent presence, other options are usually chosen.

Purifying septic tanks

This type of device is the most common. It consists of two or three chambers where the liquid is purified and then released into the soil for further purification. The septic tank is able to clean up to sixty percent. Therefore, it is impossible to use such water for technical needs, much less for drinking.

Usually water goes to areas specially allocated for this: filtration fields. You can equip them with any type of soil. But sandy and sandy loam types are most suitable for them. In other cases, significant additional costs will be required. Therefore, they are mostly abandoned in favor of another type of septic tank.

If buying finished devices manufactured at the factory, they are completely sealed and very durable structures. And if the installation is carried out correctly, it will protect the environment and will not harm human health. But, of course, you can not ignore the safety rules, they should be observed in any case.

Local cleaning stations

Local treatment plants are the most modern devices providing better cleaning, which comes as a percentage to ninety-eight. They provide various ways cleaning. This is the cesspool where solid waste sink to the bottom, and the lungs float to the surface. It is also a biological natural purification with the help of special microorganisms: aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, which decompose waste and produce further work.

Almost all VOCs are volatile, and for their operation an uninterrupted supply of electricity must be provided. Often, autonomous stations are installed for this. Naturally, such designs are the most expensive. Yes, and they will be required only if people permanently live in the house. In other cases, it is better to use other types of septic tanks.

VOC is by far the most reliable option for both cleaning and overall system performance. But even in this case, it is necessary to adhere to the current norms and rules and install the structure only with permits from regulatory authorities.

If this rule is not observed, then SES employees have the right to fine the violator and even demand the dismantling of the structure.

Thus, having decided to build a septic tank on your site, you need to carefully study the available documents. Only then can you be sure that the project in the SES will be approved, the system will work perfectly, and conflicts with neighbors on this matter will be excluded.

Placement of a well and a septic tank on the site requires a responsible approach, and must be carried out in accordance with current building and sanitary standards. Compliance with the sanitary zone, as well as the technology for arranging septic tanks and sedimentation tanks, can prevent sewage from entering the ground, and, accordingly, into drinking water.
If the site is small, maintaining the required distance between the septic tank and the well becomes a difficult task.

Placement of communication objects

A septic tank is an element of an autonomous sewer system, the arrangement of which is built only when water supply is provided in the building. The source of water that feeds the domestic water supply can be a well or a well.
Therefore, the construction of these systems, as a rule, is designed simultaneously:

If the sewerage system is being built at an already operating water intake, the location of the well and septic tank on the site may be problematic. Moreover, installation may become impossible for the reason that, by moving it away from your well, you can break the norm by approaching, for example, a neighbor's well.

Coordination

In any case, for the construction of an environmentally hazardous facility, which is the sewer network, you will have to obtain permission from the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station. Therefore, a project is being drawn up for the construction of these communications, which will be approved.
If the distance from the well to the septic tank provided for in it, SNiP 2.04.04-84 does not comply, you are unlikely to receive permission.
So:

This document, as well as SanPin 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03, regulate not only the minimum possible distance from the sewer sump to the water intake, but also its location relative to water bodies, trees, roads and buildings. If the project complies with the standards, and it has been approved, you should not relax and think that you can deviate from it.
It is quite possible that they will come to you to check whether the actual location of the sewer facilities corresponds to what is indicated in the project. And if violations are revealed, a fine cannot be avoided - besides, you will be required to correct them. So take this seriously.
The minimum distance from the well to the septic tank is determined based on the presence of filter soils on the site that lie between the aquifer and the soil that will be used for wastewater treatment. To put it simply, loose sandy soils, sandy loams and loams have the highest filtering properties. This means that dirty water will easily reach the aquifer.

In the presence of such soils, a well and a septic tank in the same area are problems! Especially if the site is small and does not allow you to maintain the required distance of 55-80 m.
But if between surface layer clay layers, conglomerates or rocky soils lie in the soil and the aquifer, the sump can be placed closer to the water intake: from 20 to 50 meters.
In addition, it is necessary to take into account the direction of the natural slope of the relief in order to place the sump at a lower level than the water intake point. In general, the development project autonomous sewerage should be carried out on the basis of hydrogeological studies - only then can you be sure that all the nuances are taken into account.

Advice! If you are just starting to build a water intake, do not neglect the service exploration drilling. Besides the fact that you will receive accurate information about the level of occurrence of aquifers, exploration will give a complete picture of the quality of the soil and the depth of its freezing. This information will be useful to you both when building a house and when arranging communications.

To all of the above, it should be added that the location of the septic tank is also regulated in relation to water pipelines. There is never a guarantee that their depressurization will not happen, and if wastewater is in close proximity, there is a risk of it getting into drinking water. Therefore, the pipeline must be at least 10 meters away from the septic tank.

The principle of operation of autonomous sewage

Not only compliance excludes pollution of aquifers and soil by sewage. It also matters how well and technologically correctly the work on the installation and sealing of sewer system objects is performed.
This chapter will give instructions on the proper arrangement of an autonomous sewer, and the video in this article will help you figure out how to do it yourself.
So:

First of all, you need to understand the principle by which sewer systems work in private homes - this will facilitate the selection of the necessary equipment, and, accordingly, its installation. The main element of an autonomous sewage system is a septic tank.
This is a horizontal tank, divided into several settling sections. Their number may vary, depending on the type of structure.

The waste masses enter the first compartment directly from the pipeline that takes them away from the bathroom. Here, as a result of sludge, the fecal matter is separated into solid and liquid waste.
Anaerobic structures provide for their processing by bacteria. To do this, liquid or granular biomass is added to the sump, after which the contents of the sump decompose into sludge, water and gas.
Sludge remains in the storage part of the sump, and water with gas enters the next section. The secondary clarifier performs the function.
Here, gases are removed through the ventilation channel, and water, thanks to perforated walls, seeps through the drainage layer into the soil. Such septic tanks can be purchased in the factory version. It can be a structure made of concrete, metal, or plastic.

The bioseptic can be placed, as in the photo above, in the immediate vicinity of the foundation of the house, since in this case it does not exude an unpleasant odor. Such a need, most often, arises where dense buildings have been built on the plots, and there is simply no other place for a septic tank.
You just need to keep in mind that you should ensure unhindered access to the sump hatch for a sewage truck.
Horizontal septic tanks are very convenient in those sewer systems where drains are separated. They receive only waste from the toilet, and drains from the bathroom and kitchen can flow through a separate branch of the pipeline, bypassing the primary sump, into the filter compartment.
But there are other systems in which all drains merge into one pipeline. In this case, vertical, separately located containers are mounted.
In such a system, there are at least two settling tanks connected by a pipeline ending in a filter well. Such a system is convenient if there are several bathrooms in the house, or a common sewage system is being built for two houses.

Such settling tanks are most often built with a monolithic bottom, from reinforced concrete rings of factory or self-manufacturing. The price of the latter option will be slightly lower, but a lot of work will be spent. In any case, it's up to you which option to prefer.
Each sewer system has its own advantages. Some of them provide for additional soil treatment of wastewater. In such systems, offered to us by some manufacturers, an infiltrator is installed instead of a filter well.
This is a container resembling a trough lying upside down. Drainage takes place in it faster than in a well, and the quality of cleaning is much better, thanks to a multi-stage filtration system. To install an infiltrator, you do not need to dig as deep as in the case of a well, but there are also disadvantages here.

This design occupies a fairly large area, which implies a considerable volume earthworks. And not at every site you can find a place for it, and in this case it will not always be possible to comply with the placement standards regarding water intake.

So, the choice of the sewer system and the design of the septic tanks largely depends on the size adjoining territory. But no matter what design option is preferred, the main task remains to ensure thermal insulation and tightness of the structure.

What is the main difference between a hut and a cottage? That's right, in availability of sewerage. As for sewerage, there are two possible options for its device. The first is the connection to the city network. The second option is the device autonomous system sewerage using a cesspool or septic tank. The latter will be discussed in this article.

The septic tank is a local element treatment facilities (sealed tank) designed to collect and treat wastewater. It is installed most often in cases where it is not possible to connect to central system sewerage. Therefore, the main buyers of the septic tank are the owners of individual houses and cottages.

A septic tank is one of those types of containers that have special requirements. This is due to the fact that explosive methane and bad-smelling sulfuric gas are formed in it, the smell of which resembles rotten eggs. WITH most requirements applied to cesspools and, in particular, to septic tanks, can be found in federal law No. 52 "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population", SanPiN 42-128-4690-88 and SNiP 30-02-97 * "Planning and development of territories of gardening (dacha) associations of citizens, buildings and structures."

The main thing you need to know when using a septic tank is where you can and where you can’t place a septic tank on the site in accordance with the regulations. Since in case of improper placement, not only the comfort of staying on the territory may be violated, but also administrative responsibility may follow. Therefore, anyone who wants to bury a septic tank closer to their neighbors needs to think twice.

Basic requirements for placing a septic tank on the site

1. Minimum distance septic tank from a residential building or cottage - 5 meters. This limitation is dictated by two requirements. Firstly, if the septic tank is located at a considerable distance from the house, then the cost of laying sewer pipes and cleaning them will increase. Secondly, cesspool it has a specific smell, which, with its close location to the house, is hello to the inability to open the window for ventilation.

2. septic tank and fence, delimiting you and neighbors - 2 meters. This requirement is explained by the fact that neighbors are people too.

3. Minimum indent septic tank from the road - 5 meters. It should also be noted here that this container should be located so that it is convenient to pump out the contents of the special equipment from it.

4 . Minimum distance between septic tank and foundations outbuildings(baths, sheds, etc.) - 1 meter. This is necessary in case of flushing in the event of an undesirable depressurization of the tank or a break in the connection between sewer pipe and a septic.

5. Minimum distance between septic tank and water pipe- 10 meters. This requirement is imposed in order to exclude the possibility of sewage entering drinking water in the event of a violation of the sealing of the water pipe.

6. Minimum distance between trees (shrubs) and a septic tank - 4 meters. This limitation is a recommendation. Since excessive moisture can kill plants.

7. Minimum indent septic tank from an open reservoir - 30 meters. This distance will avoid unwanted ingress of sewage into rivers and lakes.

8. Minimum distance between septic tank and source of drinking water - 50 meters. Fulfilling this requirement ensures that drinking water, for example, in the well will remain drinking. But this distance can be reduced to 20 meters in the case when soils with poor water permeability lie between the aquifers and the septic tank. Such soils, for example, include dense clays.