Sewer pipes, their types and installation rules. Types and types of sewer pipes How to cut and strip PVC pipes
Pipes and fittings - without them, the existence of a sewer system is impossible. The right choice These products are designed for trouble-free operation and long service life. Today there is a huge selection of types of fittings and pipes. What material they are made of, about the sizes and types, we will talk in this article.
What are sewer pipes
According to the method of water drainage distinguish the following types:
Plastic pipes for sewerage
- internal pipes - divert water from the source of consumption (, sinks). As a rule, they are painted in gray colors.
- external - produce a tap from houses and cottages, into the general sewer.
Attention! Pipes for external sewage, unlike internal ones, are made in orange, for easy detection in the ground.
By material from which pipes and fittings are made are divided into:
- cast iron. Most sewers are made from this material. It is strong, durable (70-85 years), withstands heavy loads. The disadvantages include high cost and installation problems associated with heavy weight. In addition, the inner walls of cast-iron pipes are rough, which makes it difficult for water to move, and build-ups form over time.
Cast iron pipes
- plastic. Pipes are made from this material for both internal and external sewage. Its main advantages are not big weight, which facilitates the process of transportation and installation, relatively low cost, as well as smooth inner walls, which reduces the percentage of congestion. There are three types plastic pipes and fittings: PVC(mainly used for wastewater. Withstand temperatures up to 70C, but are not very resistant to aggressive environments and UV rays); polyethylene(used for pressure internal and external pipelines. Expand under the influence of hot water, withstand temperatures from -40 to +40. Not applicable for hot water) polypropylene(withstand high temperatures resistant to acids and alkalis. Most often used to drain water from washing machines and dishwashers).
Fittings for PVC pipes (external sewerage)
- stainless steel pipes are not very popular due to their low resistance to corrosion.
- copper pipes are the most expensive, do not corrode and are neutral to the action of acidic and alkaline environments. But their main drawback is the ability to change the color and smell of water.
Fittings for external and internal sewerage
A fitting is a part of a pipeline designed to turn, connect, branch, change to another size, parts of pipes. For an external pipeline, the following types of fittings are distinguished:
Fittings for internal sewerage differ from external ones in color, wall thickness and diameter.
Types of fittings
Main indicators of pipes
- 25 mm to drain water from washing machine and dishwashers;
- 32 mm from any kind of siphon;
- 50 mm for piping around the room;
- over 110 mm for outdoor sewerage.
So, if you decide to lay a sewer, you need to take into account all the basic indicators, the place of passage, the number of transitions and turns, in order to purchase the number of pipes and fittings you need. Properly selected material and dimensions will allow the sewerage system to serve for a long time and without failures.
Sewer pipes: video
Sewer pipes: photo
Comfortable living in country house is provided by a complex of engineering communications, which include a sewage disposal system - sewerage. The drainage system is not limited to the internal network. Its important part is the external pipeline connecting the house with a collector or septic tank.
To organize such a pipeline, pipes for external sewage are used. Their properties affect the reliability and functionality of the entire system. IN modern construction several types of products are used; in order to select suitable ones, it is necessary to take into account future operating conditions.
Source kanar.ru
High-quality installation of external sewerage determines the reliability of the entire system
Criterias of choice
The outdoor pipeline operates in adverse outdoor conditions. Incorrectly selected pipes for external sewerage can be deformed under soil pressure (during rising ground water) or change properties due to severe frost. Violation of the integrity of the system will result in unforeseen expenses for repairs (you will have to replace the damaged fragment).
When designing external sewerage, they try to find a compromise between the need to ensure a long service life of the system and optimize costs. External sewage pipes must comply with the requirements for:
strength (ability to withstand the loads of the external environment);
wear resistance (resistance to internal aggressive environment);
affordability.
Types and characteristics
For external sewerage, several types of materials are used with different physico-chemical properties.
Cast iron pipes
The classic way of arranging sewers that has existed for decades. The ubiquity of cast iron products was due to a complex of reasons:
High mechanical strength and long service life.
Resistant to temperature changes, aggressive environment.
Easy installation.
Source krasnodar.blizko.ru
Cast iron - expensive, heavy and efficient
With the development of technology, cast iron sewer pipes for external sewage have lost their relevance due to some features:
big weight, forcing the assembly to involve special equipment.
Defectovinternal cavity, leading over time to a narrowing of the lumen.
Ceramic pipes
Ceramic pipelines have been known since antiquity. Modern factories produce ceramic products with a diameter of 100-600 mm, which have undoubted advantages:
Life time 30-40 years old.
Easy installation and low installation cost.
chemical inertness, temperature stability and environmental friendliness.
Low roughness inner surface.
Disadvantages of ceramic products:
fragility(before assembly, they must be checked for cracks).
short length(the number of external sewer joints increases).
Source alemsohbet.com
The fragility of ceramics is leveled by strict adherence to the installation technology
Asbestos-cement pipes
Although the composition of the material contains asbestos fibers, their chemical bonding with cement makes the products safe. The advantages include:
light weight and easy installation.
Durability.
Low thermal conductivity(almost no problems with freezing).
Resistance to aggressive environment.
The main disadvantage of asbestos-cement products is fragility. Mechanical loads (especially during transportation) are fraught with cracks and chipped edges.
Polypropylene pipes
Plastic polypropylene pipes(Russian name - PPR, international - PPR) are suitable for assembling an external sewer system in a country house. Their popularity is a consequence of their merits:
Long service life. Manufacturers guarantee 30-50 years of perfect work.
Light weight and elasticity. Savings on transportation and installation.
high temperature resistance(operating mode - 80°C; emergency short-term temperature of 100°C does not reduce the service life).
Source obustroeno.com
Polypropylene - corrugated outside, smooth inside
On our website you can find contacts construction companies, which offer the service of installation and design of sewerage and water supply. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
chemical inertness. The material is resistant to corrosion, does not emit harmful substances.
Smooth inner layer.
Diversity. Choice of models and details of any configuration. Options are available reinforced with fiberglass or aluminum.
Flaws.
PPR products cannot be bent. To organize a bend or turn, tees and corners are used.
For connection, a welding machine is used. Thermal welding creates a seam that is uniform in structure.
Polyethylene pipes
Plastic variety (Russian name - PE, international - PE), is widely used in outdoor drainage systems.
The advantages of PE pipes are:
- (polyethylene is viscous and elastic); pipes will not burst if water freezes in them.
Durability, wear resistance (service life 50 years).
Light weight(convenient transportation and easy installation).
Source aliansgk.ru
Polyethylene pipes for non-pressure sewage
chemical inertness.
Temperature shock resistance with operating range from -20 to +60°C; good thermal insulation properties.
Flaws:
Susceptibility to sunlight. Pipes age under the action of ultraviolet radiation.
Low mechanical strength. The disadvantage is corrected by making the products two-layer (corrugated). Folds in the outer corrugated layer provide rigidity; inner smooth layer does not slow down wastewater.
About the types of sewer pipes in the video:
PVC pipes
Polyvinyl chloride sewer pipes (PVC in international transcription) are mainly used for arranging the sewerage of residential buildings. Among the advantages of such products are noted:
long-term operational period (40-50 years);
low flammability and UV resistance;
resistance to corrosion and clogging;
light weight and easy installation (easy to cut and bend).
Source yandex.by
Smooth PVC pipes are used where there is no large load on the ground.
When using it is necessary to take into account some features of the products:
The disadvantage that limits PVC application pipes, - high coefficient of thermal expansion (change in linear size under the influence of temperature). If the liquid is heated to 60°C or more, the tightness of the joints is reduced, which may lead to leakage.
The plasticity of the material decreases at low temperatures. Operation of the pipeline without insulation is allowed in the range from 0 to -15°C.
Advantages of sewerage with PVC pipes
The economic benefit of installing and using such a sewer system consists of:
reduction of transportation costs;
saving consumables;
low labor intensity during assembly;
no operating costs.
Environmental safety during operation is also a valuable quality of products.
Source remontsami.ru
The appearance of PVC pipes has greatly simplified the organization of drainage
Characteristics of external PVC sewerage
PVC pipes for external sewerage are products of a new generation, due to their properties, they displace pipes made of other materials from domestic systems. They do their job well; designed for temperatures up to 60°C and pressures up to 10 MPa. In practice, two types of products are used, which should be distinguished:
For internal sewerage gray color, if necessary, can be easily disassembled.
For outdoor sewerage orange-brown shades; dismantling is difficult due to the nature of the connection.
How to properly equip the sewer on the video:
Diameter and stiffness
Important parameters that determine the properties of the drainage system. Manufacturers offer products for external sewerage of two types:
Single layer(smooth), 110-160 mm in diameter, mainly used in private construction.
Three-layer(corrugated), from 110 to 630 mm.
According to the rigidity (strength), external sewage pipes are divided into:
Class SN8. They have the thickest walls and are placed at a depth of up to 8 m.
Class SN4. They are laid to a depth of 2-6 m.
Class SN2. They are laid to a depth of 0.8-2 m, mainly involved in the private sector.
Source aliansgk.ru
When designing, the strength of products is taken into account
Mounting methods
Installation of PVC pipes is carried out in one of the following ways:
Socket connection. Does not require special equipment. Products are selected by diameter. The smooth end of one pipe is inserted into the socket of the other. The connection is sealed rubber seal.
Cold welding(glue). Special adhesive is used, no equipment required.
flange connection(detachable). Pipes are mounted using fittings (connecting elements of various configurations that create turns and additional branches); if necessary, the unit can be disassembled.
Clutch connection. It is used if it is necessary to connect products made of PVC and other materials, often during repairs.
Pipes with a socket are suitable for assembling a gravity system; the pressure system is mounted from products without a socket.
External sewerage: work sequence
trench preparation under the sewer. Its depth depends on the depth of soil freezing, groundwater occurrence and other features of the site. According to SNiP P-G.3-62, laying is carried out 0.5 m below the freezing mark. For pipes with a diameter of 110 mm, a trench width of 0.6 m is laid.
Source oxu.az
Checking the slope angle is an important part of the installation
Pipeline installation. Starts from the foundation of the house; pipes are connected in a suitable way and laid with a slope. If the sewer is laid shallow, the pipeline is insulated. At the exit from the building, the pipe must be insulated.
Checking the slope, then the trench is covered.
Check valve device
Improper installation and violation of the rules for operating the drainage system leads to emergency- blockage. The contents of the pipes can move back with all the ensuing consequences on the 1st floor. Installing a sewer check valve helps to avoid dramatic developments.
The check valve allows the liquid to flow only outward; the return flow of sewage is reliably blocked. The valve with a diameter of 110 mm is mounted on a common pipe, with a diameter of 50 mm - on each PVC drain pipe.
Valves are made from cast iron, brass or steel. Due to the widespread use of PVC pipes, the demand for cheap and durable PVC valves has increased. By design, check valves are:
PVC valve. Mounted on both horizontal and vertical pipes. Inside there is a reciprocating locking piece - a plate fixed at a slight angle. It bends under the pressure of the outgoing fluid, and the reverse flow presses it, blocking the return movement.
Ball valve. The locking mechanism is a metal ball. If back pressure occurs, it presses against the hole and blocks the flow.
Source aglant.ru
Ball check valve cutaway
Selection of sewer products: manufacturers and prices
On the Russian market, you can find products from both foreign and local companies. The number of domestic pipe manufacturers is growing due to the constant growth in demand. Enterprises master the latest technologies and produce products of excellent quality (confirmed by a certificate) at an affordable price.
In the field of view of many owners of suburban housing who want to lay (or replace) an external sewer, products of Spanish, Italian, German trademarks. Consumers are also familiar with the products of Turkish and Chinese companies. Top Producers sewer pipes offer products that meet modern requirements for the installation and operation of the drainage system.
Crash test of sewer products on video:
Despite the excellent quality, the segment of foreign companies is small, since their prices are on average 15-20% higher than for similar domestic products.
The price of pipes depends on their size (length), diameter, stiffness, material and manufacturer. PVC pipes for outdoor systems are offered at a price (for running meter, Moscow region):
Diameter 110 mm. 160-170 rub. (domestic), 220-260 rubles. (import).
Diameter 160 mm. 290-320 rubles, respectively, 345-289 rubles.
Diameter 200 mm. 465-535 rubles, 570-650 rubles.
Diameter 250 mm. 730-838 rubles, 885-930 rubles.
Source aliansgk.ru
Pipes of external sewerage in a warehouse of materials
Conclusion
When designing external communications, pipes are given increased attention; the efficiency of the system directly depends on them. For the installation of external sewerage in suburban housing, the most practical material is recognized pvc pipes diameter 110 mm and hardness SN4. They are reliable under constant load (can withstand large volumes of wastewater); they can be positioned without fear of external loads (in front of the garage, under the garden path).
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Sewer pipes are an integral element of any sewerage system, and their role in the functioning of systems cannot be underestimated. Pipes have been used for sewage since very ancient times, but even today the situation has not changed much. Of course, with the advent modern materials equipping sewers has become much easier, and even more High Quality easier to achieve, but the very principle of its work remained the same.
Returning to sewer pipes, one can ask the question: what is generally required from sewer pipes? The main requirements for sewer pipes:
- Long service life. There is nothing more frustrating for residents than the constant breaks of sewer pipes. Not only will the characteristic smell break out, but the likelihood of environmental poisoning becomes much higher.
- High throughput. A pipeline break is an unpleasant event, but no one wants to regularly clean the sewers either. To avoid possible blockages, the choice of pipes must be carried out correctly.
- high strength;
- good wear resistance;
- smooth inner surface;
- ability to work in different temperature conditions;
- ease of installation and low weight;
- low cost.
Types of sewer systems
Sewerage systems can be external and internal. internal system- this is a complex of pipelines that provide drainage from all plumbing fixtures and their delivery to the common exit from the building. As a rule, most owners install the internal sewage system with their own hands - and all thanks to plastic elements which are very easy to install by yourself.
An external sewer system takes effluent from the building and transfers it to the complex for storage or treatment, after which the illuminated water is discharged into a reservoir or other place intended for this purpose.
Exist different types sewer pipes, which is especially true for outdoor systems: products may differ in diameter, material and even cross-sectional shape.
There are the following types of sewer pipes:
- light: suitable for sewers installed at a shallow depth and not experiencing serious physical exertion. As a rule, domestic sewage is made from such pipes;
- medium: used on not very busy roads and under small buildings;
- heavy: laid under the main roads and large houses.
Materials for sewer pipes
Sewer pipes are made from a variety of materials.To date, the market offers pipes made of the following materials:
- ceramics;
- cast iron;
- concrete;
- asbestos cement;
- plastic.
Each material of sewer pipes requires detailed consideration. Knowing the features of the types of pipes will allow you to choose the most appropriate products for a particular case: length, width, thickness, performance and performance of pipes may vary depending on the material.
Ceramic and cast iron pipes for sewerage
- Ceramic pipes. For the manufacture of such pipes, clay with small impurities of kaolin or fireclay is used. The products themselves are produced by firing, which gives them good mechanical strength. On top of the pipes are covered with a special glaze, which provides resistance to aggressive chemicals, a certain water tightness and creates a smooth surface. Both sides of the pipe are treated with polyester resins, which make it possible to connect parts without using a sealant. The disadvantages of ceramic pipes include a lot of weight and high cost. In addition, transportation and installation of products will be difficult due to their fragility.
- Cast iron pipes. Cast iron pipes are durable, high strength and resistant to temperature extremes. The problem lies in the high weight of the products and their susceptibility to corrosion (more: ""). Also, one cannot fail to mention the high cost of cast iron pipes. The inner walls are not smooth, so the products will clog rather quickly. Installation is also very problematic due to the weight and complex sealing.
Concrete and asbestos-cement pipes
- concrete pipes. The disadvantages of concrete pipes lie on the surface: a lot of weight and, as a result, very inconvenient installation. Most often, concrete pipes are installed in external sewer systems. If necessary, to increase the strength of the product, you can find a reinforced concrete variety of pipes.
- Asbestos-cement pipes. In the arsenal of the advantages of such products are: high chemical resistance, the ability to work at different temperatures, complete resistance to corrosion, low weight and low cost. The working surface of the pipes is not very smooth, and the fragility of asbestos-cement products speaks for itself. In addition, this sewer pipe material has a very bad effect on environment, so if there are alternatives, it's better to use them.
Plastic and fiberglass pipes
- Polyvinyl chloride pipes (PVC). Products are easy to install, transport without problems, withstand impact chemical substances contained in sewage. In addition, the surface of all types of plastic pipes is absolutely smooth, which indicates their maximum throughput. The disadvantage of PVC pipes is the inability to operate at temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius. The marking of PVC sewer pipes is as follows: pipes for internal sewerage are marked in gray, and for the outer - orange.
- Polypropylene pipes (PP). They have all the advantages described above, but can operate at high temperatures - up to 80 degrees, so they are often used to connect washing machines and dishwashers. Marked in grey. In addition to ordinary pipes, corrugated two-layer products are made from polypropylene, which are used in the arrangement of external sewer networks.
- Polyethylene pipes (PVP). Made from polyethylene. Advantages: high strength, light weight, good flexibility, easy installation. According to their ability to work at high temperatures, they are between PP and PVC pipes. For the arrangement of external systems, two-layer and corrugated products are made.
- Fiberglass pipes. The main material for manufacturing is polyester resin reinforced with fiberglass. Positive traits fiberglass pipes: high mechanical strength, easy installation, ability to withstand temperature changes, resistance to chemicals, ease of transportation. The disadvantages of these products include a very high cost and considerable weight.
Conclusion
From this article it was possible to find out what sewer pipes are made of. It is impossible to give a clear answer to the question of which sewer pipes are better, since each situation requires a completely different type of material. Only one thing can be said for sure: the material of the sewer pipes mainly affects the characteristics of the products.
The main sewerage system is a complex engineering system designed to ensure the collection and diversion of domestic wastewater to the central treatment plant. The main sewerage systems include both gravity and pressure pipelines, collectors, pumping stations, treatment facilities.
The principle of operation of the main sewage system is identical to the standard local wastewater disposal system, the only differences are in the size and volume of received and treated wastewater, as well as the diameter of the pipes - the closer the pipe is to the central collector, the larger the diameter, respectively. As a rule, sewer pipes are laid with a certain slope towards the sewage treatment plant so that wastewater moves through them by gravity. But when arranging the main sewerage system, this is not always possible, since the requirements for the construction of buildings sometimes contradict the rules for laying sewer systems, in such cases, pipes are laid above or below the required level, and wastewater is transported to treatment facilities using a pump.
After passing through the entire sewer system, wastewater enters the biological wastewater treatment systems, where the main wastewater treatment is carried out by fermentation, accelerated by chemical reagents.
An alternative to centralized sewage systems are local treatment facilities, which use the method of cleaning domestic wastewater with the help of aerobic bacteria and microorganisms. The LOK station is a large container made of high-strength fiberglass, divided into three compartments. In the first compartment, wastewater is purified from mechanical impurities by settling, in the second, biological treatment takes place with the help of aerobic bacteria, for which air is forced into the tank - as a result, sludge is formed in the compartment, which is periodically pumped out with a special pump. Silt is completely safe and can be used as fertilizer for plants. From the third compartment of the tank, already purified water enters the drain ditches or is used for irrigation.
Installation and installation of LOK treatment facilities does not require special skills and can be carried out independently thanks to small sizes stations.
You can buy local treatment facilities both for arranging the sewerage of a private house, and for organizing the sewer system of a small village - you just need to correctly determine the required capacity of the station.
Choosing treatment facilities for country house, it is necessary to take into account the number of residents, the volume and composition of domestic wastewater, the type of soil, the depth of freezing, as well as the depth of groundwater.
A special permit for the installation of a local treatment plant is not required, the main thing is to have a certificate from Rospotrebnadzor for it, as well as related documentation - installation instructions and operating rules.
What were you doing before you started reading this article? Perhaps washing your hands or watching someone in your family wash the dishes. At this point, you hardly wondered where all the water went. And this is so - we are used to treating this as something ordinary. In fact, sewer systems have been around for thousands of years. It all started with stone canals, through which effluents were collected in sedimentation tanks. And what do we use today?
The beginning of time
In order to understand the materials from which sewer pipes are made, it is important to consider that they are of two main types: external and internal. For outdoor work, such types of products were often used and are used, such as:
- ceramic;
- cast iron;
- cement;
- asbestos.
Ceramic pipes are made of clay, then they are fired in furnaces, covered with glaze, and the joints are sealed with resins. This approach guarantees their almost eternal service. But their disadvantage is fragility and very heavy weight. Before installing them, it is necessary to carefully examine the joints so that there are no sinks and cracks, because. subsequently, water will seep through them. Experienced builders can determine the quality by sound; when tapping with a hammer, no extra rattling should be heard.
Until recently, cast iron was the main material for waste pipes. There was a lot of metal, it had to be put somewhere - so they poured from it (although this remains a hot topic today). The main advantage of using products of this type is noiselessness during the passage of water and sufficient durability (up to 80 years). Otherwise, they are quite heavy, inconvenient to install, bulky, and the rough surface traps waste, which leads to blockages.
Note! Over time, the metal corrodes and the inhabitants of many apartments have to dismantle the cast-iron pipes and replace them with plastic ones. The problem is the issue of their disposal.
If pipes of this type are planned to be used for external sewage, then it is very important to take into account the type of soil, because. in salt licks, they quickly become unusable.
Along with cast-iron pipes, concrete and asbestos are used. They are large and heavy. For their transportation it is necessary to hire special cars. Products of this type are used on highways, make it possible to manufacture wells, etc. Being resistant to chemical attack, blockages, as well as thermal differences can last a long time without the need for replacement and repair. They are also easy to mount, because. no special fittings required. But these materials are being replaced by lighter, more reliable and easier to assemble.
Lighter, higher, stronger
Metal becomes more and more expensive, I want to make installation easier, and reduce the cost of production itself. For all these purposes, plastic is suitable. But even here everything is not so simple, so you will have to choose for specific conditions from the following types:
- polyethylene pipes;
- fiberglass pipes.
Most likely, you saw gray pipes in new buildings, and maybe you have already managed to install them at home. They are made of PVC, or polyvinyl chloride. Such material is very easy to obtain by recycling bottles or other products. These pipes have big amount advantages, but there are also disadvantages. Light weight does not require special transport for transportation, it is also easy to lift them to a great height in order to carry out installation. Chemicals do not pose a danger to pipes of this type. The inner surface is very smooth, so there is nothing to trap waste and create congestion. The shape of the nozzles is designed so that one person can easily cope with their installation.
Note! The disadvantage of these products is their high noise level when the flow of water sweeps down. They do not tolerate high temperatures, so they are not suitable for laundries or boiler rooms.
Pipes for outdoor use are painted in Orange color, while increasing resistance to negative temperatures. When choosing for this kind of installation, it is worth considering whether the transport will exert pressure on the surface under which they will be located. If the movement is intense, then it is worth choosing products that have increased strength.
If there is a need to organize a constant drain of hot water, then polypropylene pipes are perfect here. They have all the advantages of the previous ones, except for rigidity. This material has high ductility, which, however, can be used as an advantage. They can withstand temperatures up to 100°C without warping or sagging.
Note! For the installation of some types of PP pipes, it is necessary to use special fittings and a soldering iron, others are twisted manually using threaded connectors. advantage this class is their long service life, resistance to corrosion and chemicals.
Polyethylene pipes are used for main sewers. They are corrugated and can be two-layer. Their diameter can reach 20–80 cm. This design makes it possible to withstand high pressure. This material tolerates various soils well without being affected by them. Installation does not cause any problems, it is carried out using cuffs or cold welding. However, it is not recommended to use this type of product where there is a constant flow of hot water, because. it can lead to deformation and failure. If the line will pass under the road, then it is laid in concrete boxes to exclude the effect of the sagging mass.
For PVC and fiberglass pipes, a whole system of pipes has been developed, which are very simply mounted and assembled into a single structure. It should be borne in mind that they come in various diameters, so it is important not to make a mistake in choosing.
Note! For end connections, plugs are used so that there is always access for cleaning - revisions. Tees make it possible to perform a decoupling. There are also many adapters for various sizes.
Certain mismatches can be smoothed out by expansion joints that can move freely to connect two nozzles. It is especially worth highlighting the check valve, which allows the drain to flow in only one direction, this makes it possible to prevent flooding in the house. Each fitting is equipped with a rubber seal that ensures tightness. In order to make it easier to connect all the elements, they can be pre-moistened.
If you are going to mount the external sewage system yourself, there are several useful nuances that will allow you to do this in the best possible way:
Here are some more interesting applications of this kind of pipes:
- use them to organize storm systems;
- to make a gutter, simply cut the pipe in two;
- for fastening, use standard clamps;
- pipes can be used for irrigation various plants, for this they are buried in the ground and filled with water with fertilizers.
Instead of output
Time does not stand still, new materials are becoming more widespread and it makes no sense to be conservative. Many contractors and firms have long abandoned cast iron, concrete and asbestos pipes. Plastic is getting popular. It is noticeably distinguished by such advantages as light weight, ease of installation and no need to hire heavy equipment, unless, of course, we are talking about the design of highways. Now there is no single standard for all options. There was a large selection.
If you calculate everything correctly and correctly, determine what load will be exerted, what is the temperature of the liquid that will be discharged, whether it will be an external or internal structure, then you can choose exactly what you need, and not what they want to sell. PVC, PP and other types of plastic pipes are practically unaffected by chemicals, they do not interact with water and do not deteriorate from damp earth, which means that their service life can exceed 100 years or more.
