One-story extension to a two-story house. How to make an extension to a wooden house yourself. Planning and foundation. Walls, floor, roof, insulation. Construction and wall insulation

Nice outbuilding To wooden house can not only increase its useful area, but also emphasize style and originality.

Wooden houses continue to be popular even now. Wood can compete with the most modern building materials without giving in to them.

We will build

Sometimes, over time, a home needs expansion. Someone does not have enough living space or, in connection with the addition to the family, one more bedroom, nursery or bathroom is required, someone wants an open summer veranda With transparent roof, and someone needs access to the garage directly from the living room.

Everyone's desires are different, but all of them can be realized equally easily. The extension of a room, veranda or garage is done in almost the same way - it is not difficult to build it with your own hands.

Despite the fact that the house itself is wooden, construction can be carried out with any material. Whatever material is chosen for the construction of the extension, the work begins with the project.

The project is needed to take into account all the nuances on paper and avoid mistakes in the work.

It is necessary to sketch a plan on a scale, calculate the consumption of materials. You can make several options, and then choose the best one.

When drawing up a project, all building codes and regulations must be observed, since finished projects must be coordinated in the BTI and in the housing sector.

If it is impossible to draw up a project and draw a plan on your own, then you can turn to specialists for help.

After the project is drawn up and approved, construction can begin. At the moment, the law does not prohibit starting construction even before the project is approved, however, if errors or violations are found in the project building codes, then the owner may be required to demolish the unauthorized structure.

When attaching non-capital structures - an open veranda, a terrace - the project will not have to be coordinated, this applies only to capital structures.

Finally, the papers are finished and the project is signed. The first step is to inspect the wall to which the building will adjoin, and the adjacent part of the foundation.

If something needs to be strengthened or patched up, then this must be done before the start of the main construction.

If you plan to attach a full-fledged room, then the decoration and plaster from the wall must be removed.

In the case of an extension of a garage or terrace, this can also be done, but not necessarily. When an entrance from the house is provided for the extension, it must also be cut through before construction begins.

This must be done correctly so as not to damage the strength of the wall and not weaken it.

The basis of the future is, of course, the foundation. The quality and durability of the structure depends on it.

Laying the foundation of an extension is the same as laying the foundation for a separate building.

But there is one subtlety here: it is important to correctly attach the new foundation to the foundation of the old house.

Both parts must be a single monolithic structure. If this is not achieved, then the difference in the foundation will crack the walls, and after a few years the extension may collapse.

Therefore, when starting construction, it is very important to pay due attention to the bonding of the foundation.

To do this, you need to completely free the foundation from the finish and dig it to the full depth.

After that, it is necessary to drill holes in the foundation with a diameter of at least 10 centimeters and a depth of about half a meter.

These holes should be located at a distance of 40 - 50 centimeters from each other. In addition to these connecting holes, it is necessary to drill holes for the fittings.

The reinforcing wire inserted into them must be welded to the frame of the future foundation. Before pouring concrete, the foundation of the old house is thoroughly wetted with water - this will ensure best quality binding.

After the mortar dries and the fences are removed, the new foundation will be tightly tied to the old one. On it you can create any desired extension with your own hands.

What material can be used to make an extension?

Without a doubt, wood is best combined with wood. But, despite the fact that the house is wooden, an extension to it can be made with your own hands from any material, and not just from a wooden bar.

There is only one detail that needs to be given due attention when building with your own hands - the extension must have a permanent connection with the old house.

This single requirement can be met with any material. With some materials, work will be easier, with others - a little more difficult. Here you need to choose what will be more convenient to work with.

You can consider the following options:

• building from a wooden beam;
• brickwork;
• frame extension;
• construction from foam blocks;
• aerated concrete and other materials.

Construction of verandas, terraces, summer kitchen the easiest way to conduct with the help of a frame structure.

The frame extension is being built a little faster than other projects, but they are practically not inferior in quality.

The frame of the extension itself can be assembled both from wood and from metal. Its reliable connection with the old building seems to be the simplest.

Frame beams are connected to bearing wall at home with bolts or long self-tapping screws. Between each other details metal frame are welded. If the frame is wooden, then it is fastened with self-tapping screws.

After assembling the frame, it is insulated with glass wool, polystyrene foam or foam plastic. The insulation can be placed in several layers, as it must fill the entire area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe frame. Joints can be fastened with construction tape or other means.

After insulation, the frame building is sheathed with any chosen material. Outside, it is good to use siding, lining or other finishing materials.

Usually, the same materials that were used in the main construction are used to finish the extension.

However, when building a frame-based veranda, the materials may be different to emphasize the individuality of the structure.

Inside, drywall, plywood or other options are used for sheathing.

The roof of the veranda can be made of roofing translucent polycarbonate, but if the room is capital, then the new roof should be connected with the old one.

The roof can be both gable and single-pitched, the main thing is that the connection is securely sealed.

The roof is covered with metal tiles, slate or any other roofing materials, except, perhaps, corrugated board. Profiled pretty cold material, besides practically does not isolate sounds.

Photo:

The connection of buildings from a wooden beam is made using a channel. The size of the channel must be selected based on the size of the timber used - so that it enters the channel tightly enough.

First, the channel is fixed to the walls of the house with bolts, and only then a new bar is attached to them.

For this, you can use self-tapping screws. To protect against rust, metal channels are primed. The joints between the timber and the metal are sealed with a polyurethane-based sealant.

Do-it-yourself extension of a veranda made of wooden beams is a fairly reliable structure. If the insulation of the walls from the timber is carried out correctly, then the room can be used all year round.

A bit about blocks and bricks

If the construction is carried out from brick, foam blocks or aerated concrete, then the connection can be made with steel reinforcement. Metal rods must be cut into pieces of at least a meter in advance.

After laying out a number of blocks, the reinforcement is hammered into the logs of the old house so that its free half falls strictly into the seam between the rows of material.

After the construction of the walls is completed, the gap between the old and new walls must be properly sealed.

A brick extension to a wooden house is strong and durable. The laying of load-bearing walls should be carried out in at least three bricks. In the case of an extension of the veranda, the walls can be laid out in one and a half bricks.

Since brick is colder than wood, such an extension must be properly insulated.

To insulate the extension with your own hands, you can use the following materials:

• Styrofoam;
• polystyrene;
• glass wool.

If the extension is made of foam blocks or aerated concrete, then they do not need additional insulation.

Buildings made of aerated concrete, foam blocks and other blocks based on foamed concrete are themselves quite warm due to the air contained in the pores of the material.

A significant disadvantage of such blocks is that they all absorb water to a greater or lesser extent. Therefore, saving on external waterproofing of a building made of foam blocks is not worth it.

What blocks are best to make an extension? If we compare between aerated concrete and foam blocks, then although they look similar, they have different qualities.

Photo:

Aerated concrete blocks are much stronger than foam blocks and practically do not shrink. The structure of foam blocks can shrink up to three millimeters per meter.

However, the absorption capacity of aerated concrete is much higher than that of foam blocks, so due attention should be paid to their waterproofing.

On the other hand, a building made of foam blocks and any other concrete blocks also needs to be waterproofed, so the question remains open.

Everyone has the right to decide for himself. Foam blocks are somewhat cheaper than aerated concrete blocks, which can play a decisive role in the choice of material.

A frame extension to the main building is the easiest way to increase living space. In this way, you can build a living room, a technical room or a covered veranda. The main thing is to correctly connect the house and its extension.

Foundation selection and expansion joint

You should initially decide what the extension will be used for. This will determine the way the foundation, walls and roof are joined to the old house. This is key point, because with different types of structures they will shrink differently, which can lead to cracks and distortion of the walls of the extension.

If a dwelling is planned, be it a kitchen or a bathroom, an extension to frame house should be of the same type - from the same materials, with floors and walls of the same thickness as the main building. If the main foundation is tape, then the new one is joined rigidly, with the help of driven reinforcement, and the formwork is installed close to the wall of the house.

This will allow not to close the contour of the foundation and not to organize an expansion joint around the entire perimeter. But with a rigid connection, the foundation must be very stable and not sag. Therefore, it is recommended to compact the soil well under the pillow, and make the pillow itself reinforced and 15 cm wider than the foundation tape. In this case, it is better to use crushed stone, not gravel.

If the weight of the extension and the building is very different, or a different type of foundation is chosen, it is imperative to organize an expansion joint. An extension can be made both in the shape of the letter P, without closing the contour, or by erecting all four walls.

In the first case, the expansion joint is made only at the junction of the house and the extension. This is the most convenient way to connect the extension with your own hands. If the finished foundation is even and strictly vertical, the expansion joint can be made using a conventional roofing material - it will provide the possibility of vertical displacement of buildings.

Otherwise, it is better to use a thicker and more elastic material - polyethylene foam and polystyrene foam. The smoother the foundation, the smaller the thickness of the expansion joint. The smooth side of the sheets are placed on the new foundation. outer part the joint is filled with sealant and closed with a patch that is attached only to the existing wall.

A four-sided foundation is needed in case of a risk of a strong displacement of the house and extension - with a significantly different weight, heaving soil or unstable foundation. Then, between the two buildings around the entire perimeter, an expansion joint 1-2.5 cm wide is made. In this case, the walls and roof should not be rigidly connected either.

The erection of walls and their docking with the house

If the house and the extension stand on the same foundation and are framed, building walls will not be a problem. The cross section of the bars is selected depending on the thickness of the insulation. For example, if a sheet of mineral wool is 15 cm thick, then the bars must also be selected with the same section of one of the sides. The main thing is not to confuse which side to attach them to the harness.

The walls are built in the following order:

1. The lower trim is laid on the foundation. Between the wood and concrete, you need to lay waterproofing - roofing material or foamed polyethylene. The strapping is screwed with ordinary dowels, and the corners are connected “in half a tree”.

2. If the extension is rigidly attached to the walls of the house, then the vertical bars are simply nailed to the walls, previously leveled. If not, then corner posts are installed first, which can be fixed with temporary slopes.

It is better to make the connection of the strapping and the beams with a complete cutting and additionally fix it with metal corners.

3. It is important to choose the right height of the vertical bars - whether the extension will be under a common roof or under a separate one.

4. The top harness allows you to strengthen the frame and remove temporary cuts. The bars of the upper trim are connected to the vertical ones in the same way as the lower.

5. After that, you can choose a place for windows and / or doors. Additional racks are attached along the width of the openings and horizontal lintels are nailed - along the height of the window and door.

6. Vertical bars are added in increments of 1 cm less than the selected insulation - it should lie as tightly as possible. You can also add horizontal jumpers that will strengthen the entire structure - the distance between them is also 1 cm less than the height of the insulation if it is supplied in sheets rather than rolls.

It is important to remember - when using glued beams, windows and doors cannot be inserted immediately. The design may shrink. The sheathing of the assembled frame is made after the installation of the roof.

Sometimes the frame of the extension to the house is assembled separately, installing whole blocks on the lower trim at once. This is very convenient for large structures - there is no need to fasten each vertical beam with temporary cuts and constantly work at a height.

The expansion joint should be arranged along the entire attached wall, if the foundation is with a closed contour, or only at the junction of the walls of the house and the extension. The requirements for it are the same as for the seam of the foundation - an elastic sealant is used inside, and the outer edge is treated with a sealant.

The rafters of the extension are laid with their lower end on the upper harness, and with the upper end they are connected to the roof rafters or rest on a run nailed to the wall of the house. If the rafters are rigidly connected to the extension wall, the roof may not withstand the shrinkage - the upper fasteners will break. Or the wall of the extension will begin to slope inward. Therefore, it is better to use movable joints for the free movement of the lower support.

For a roof with insulation, in addition to the horizontal lathing, a vertical counter lathing is also made, as well as an additional lathing with inside. If a metal tile is used, it can be laid immediately on the crate, and for soft tiles a moisture-resistant OSB board is mounted on the crate.

In the first case, the wall of the house is covered with a galvanized apron, bent at an angle and fixed on top of the roof of the extension. This will protect the wall from rain, and roofing cake- from dampness.

In the second case, the roof will be common and it will have to be completely rebuilt.

Wall cladding and insulation

After the installation of the roof, you can proceed to the sheathing of the walls. Despite the popular advice to first sheathe the walls with boards or OSB sheets for structural strength, it is much more convenient to do this under the roof. First, the extension is sheathed from the outside.

If not glued timber was used, then windows and doors are installed at the same stage. It is better to order a double-glazed window ready-made - with a double chamber for better thermal insulation. If you plan to install a door, it is better to hang it immediately. The second rack fits under the door. Installing windows and doors before insulation allows you to fit horizontal lintels and racks as tightly as possible to the openings.

After the outer skin, insulation is laid and the extension is sheathed from the inside. You can use the same OSB boards, drywall or lining. At the same stage, the roof is insulated - waterproofing, insulation and vapor barrier are laid under the crate. An additional crate and inner lining are mounted on top.

For living quarters, it is necessary to insulate the extension also from the outside. The easiest way is foam boards, which are mounted on the wall with mounting foam and screwed with self-tapping screws.

To prevent self-tapping screws from falling into the foam, rectangular or round spacers are used. Another trick is to window slopes were even, the slabs are attached to the window frame with the side with factory cuts and with a slight overlap.

Door slopes can be damaged during operation, therefore, around the perimeter of the door, it is better to screw a beam as thick as a heater onto the screws. Ebb on the window can be attached mounting foam, it fills all the cracks. After that, a reinforcing mesh and a reinforcing solution are laid on the foam, and all corners are reinforced with metal corners.

Floor device in a frame extension

The floor for a small extension on a strip foundation could be filled with a cement-sand screed. To do this, the entire perimeter inside the foundation was covered with brick rubble and rammed. Tiles can be laid on top of such a floor - best option for technical rooms.

If a dwelling is planned, or a columnar foundation is chosen, it is best to arrange a wooden floor on logs.

For strip foundation the space under the floor should be insulated. The soil is selected to a depth of up to 25 cm and a layer of rubble is first poured into the resulting pit, tamped, a layer of sand is poured on top, moistened and tamped again. Brick columns are placed on the resulting pillow - the logs will rest on them.

The advantage of the floor on the logs is its layering. Between the rough and finish floor there is a layer in which the insulation is placed. This allows you to make a really warm floor, on which you do not have to walk with shoes on.

The video provides a detailed overview of the finished frame extension to the house:

Quite often it happens that the construction of a private house was carried out without the construction of outbuildings, but then the need for them arose. Modern projects houses often assume only the utilitarian function of the house - they will live there. And what, that a person will also conduct some kind of economic activity - no. In addition, sometimes there is an urgent need to increase the living space of the house. An extension made of foam blocks, a brick extension, a wooden one - the creation of these structures will help solve this issue once and for all.

Extension types

The type of buildings is determined depending on what exactly should be in it. It can be a room, a toilet, a garage, a kitchen, and anything. By the way, in middle lane In Russia, you can often find a building in the form of a greenhouse, in which you can grow fruits and vegetables even in winter.

Scheme of the device of the garage-extension

Indeed, in this case, all the necessary engineering communications can be easily extended from the house. Of course, the construction of the structure must be agreed upon, even if we are talking about wooden terraces or simply attaching a veranda to the house.

Creating a project and choosing the location of the extension

Projects and construction of such structures involve the following stages:

As for the choice of materials, it is better to be guided by the following rule: it is necessary to create projects and build an extension from such materials as the house itself consists of.

Sectional view of a frame house

For example, if it is necessary to attach terraces to a wooden house, then it is better to let it be wooden. Of course, this rule is not always possible to comply with.

Suppose a person wants to breed chickens, he needs a high-quality, windproof, warm brick outbuilding. In this case, this option should be preferred, despite the fact that the house is wooden.

Options for the location of extensions to a standard wooden house

Estimation calculation

Actually, the estimate itself is not so difficult to draw up, it is necessary to take into account the following:

An example of a veranda attached to a wooden house

An estimate for construction should be drawn up immediately after the projects are ready, regardless of whether the terraces will be attached or just wooden utility blocks. This will help you avoid unpleasant surprises in the future.

Foundation erection and foundation connection

In Russia, baths are often attached to wooden houses

Even the construction of an ordinary terrace for a wooden house involves the creation of a new foundation for it. The option of extending the old foundation disappears immediately: it is impossible to do this, but to combine both foundations into a single whole later is not only possible, but also necessary.

For example, even under wooden terraces it will be necessary to make exactly the same foundation as that of the main house. So, first you need to decide on the type of foundation itself.

General scheme frame house pediment devices

Actually, there are 3 foundation options that can be used as a base for an extension:

1. Monolithic;
2. Columnar;
3. Tape.

The columnar foundation is used extremely rarely in Russia, since it can only be installed on very hard soils such as mountainous ones.

It can be used, for example, to build a gazebo, however, such structures are usually not attached to the house, but placed next to it. By the way, instead of a foundation, you can take old tires for a gazebo - this will be quite enough.

Scheme of laying an extension from foam blocks

A monolithic foundation will be the most durable, however, its installation is not always advisable.

Monolithic - the most solid foundation, as they say, "for centuries." However, the cost of its construction, as you might guess, will result in a tidy sum, and the labor costs will be very, very impressive. In general, it is better to choose a classic strip foundation, which is ideal for any extension to a wooden house.

Placement of communications

An example of a garage extension to a wooden house

As noted above, placing any communications in the extension is as easy as shelling pears, because the room will adjoin directly to the house itself. What does it say?

For example, it is enough just to extend the existing water supply, sewerage or heating system - that's all, no pits and exhausting welding work. The same applies to the laying of electrical wiring, which, probably, even the most negligent worker can carry out with the help of a puncher.

Another thing is when it comes to really complex engineering systems. Let's say you need to draw a branch from the main gas pipeline into the annex. First, no one will do it on their own.

The device of the veranda attached to the house

Secondly, it will require, speaking without exaggeration, a huge amount of money. So, here's something to think about. For example, in the Kuban you can often find kitchen extensions to wooden houses.

And even if gas is installed in the house itself, then in the extension there will still be gas bottle or the same electric stove (an oven is also a common option). Such nuances must be taken into account.

Communication with other premises

The question of how to make an extension to the house, even if we are talking about such a type of work as an extension of a veranda or another extension from a bar, should also involve solving the problem of communication between the attached structure and the rest of the house.

This problem has 2 solutions:

Covered terrace - a great option for an extension

1. An extension to a house made of timber can have a connection with the house using doorway made in the main wall of the house;
2. The entrance can be carried out from the side of the street (an extension to the house made of timber makes it easy to implement both options, but another material made of wood does not).

In the first case, the solution will be convenient, because, in fact, the living area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe whole house increases. But there is one extremely important nuance: the approval process in this case can take many months, because it is necessary to make changes to many documents.

And the load-bearing wall of the house can be seriously damaged. If the owner of the house is ready for such a development of events, then, of course, it is better for him to prefer this particular option, and not any other.

Cutting an opening in a load-bearing wall must be done with extreme caution!

If Money there is not enough and there is no desire to go through the bureaucratic circles of hell, then the option with the entrance from the courtyard will not be so bad. Moreover, in terms of cost, it will come out much cheaper.

Video

You can watch a video on how to make a frame extension to a wooden house.

The project of an extension to the house is a voluminous package of graphic, tabular, text documents. The purpose of developing working drawings and plans is to create a comfortable, convenient, durable, durable structure that will effectively perform its functions and look harmoniously next to the main, old house.

During the operation of a mansion, cottage, country house, situations often arise when it is necessary to expand the living space. The building can be supplemented with an utility block, a boiler room, a kitchen, a living room or a capital room with other functions, as well as a veranda or terrace.

In this article we will talk about the main types of extensions to the house, the features of their construction, we will give recommendations on the choice of building and finishing materials.

Appointment of the extension

The type of extension is determined on the basis of its functional purpose and the wishes of the owners of the house. The building can be used year-round or only in the warm season, on the basis of which the buildings are divided into open and closed.

Summer annex

Verandas, terraces belong to open or summer ones. Their function is to organize comfortable space on fresh air for summer holidays. Such structures usually consist of the following structural elements:

• foundation;
• fencing around the perimeter of the site;
• light canopy made of polycarbonate or dense awning fabric

Mandatory parts are the base and floors, and the fence and canopies are installed at the request of the owners of the house.

Complete living quarters for year-round use

Closed buildings for year-round use are full-fledged premises. The project of residential extensions provides for the arrangement of a reliable, durable foundation, walls, roof, high-quality insulation from all sides, and the supply of necessary communications.

Designing a new premises

The goals of professional design of an extension to an old house:

• achievement of external harmony of the main building and the attached premises. Architectural style houses and outbuildings should be the same. The same or similar building and finishing materials are used;
• obtaining a functional building in accordance with its purpose. Open terraces and verandas are a well-equipped area for leisure activities. In a residential building for year-round use, it is necessary to provide for the placement of heating, lighting fixtures. These features are reflected in the drawings and plans.

A kitchen or a bathroom requires a connection of engineering systems (sewerage, water supply). For the winter garden, the project determines the types of window and door blocks with a large glazing area to ensure full daylight in any season

In order for the building to serve for many years, at the stage of developing the project of extensions to the house, miscalculations are made to ensure the strength of all components of the structure. Factors such as:

• soil type;
• level of occurrence ground water;
• the presence of elevation differences on the site for construction;
• construction type;
• the weight of the selected building, finishing materials.

Foundation design

The design process begins with the departure of specialists to the site and the study of the foundation under the main building. For capital buildings, the same type of foundation is usually chosen, which is laid under the old house.

On moving soils, with a high occurrence of groundwater, if there are significant elevation differences on the site, a pile foundation is installed. For it, metal piles are screwed in or monolithic pillars are erected from reinforcement and concrete mortar. Such a foundation can withstand well one-story buildings of light weight, built on a frame filled with sandwich panels or erected from wood.

For brick buildings, a more powerful foundation is needed - tape with a large depth or monolithic, capable of withstanding a heavy brick structure.

If the extension is planned to be used only during the warm period, as a place to rest, then the project provides for a base on low columns made of blocks or bricks, which does not require significant deepening into the soil.

So that on the veranda or terrace the floor does not deteriorate from excess moisture, waterproofing is carried out from the foundation. For arranging the floor, it is recommended to select boards impregnated with special protective compounds that increase resistance to moisture.

In the projects of extensions to the house, the junctions of the foundation of the main building and the completed structure are indicated. The fastening of the lower crown is recommended to be carried out according to the tenon-groove principle. This creates conditions for a slight mobility of the lower rims of the structure, which makes it possible to avoid deformation of the structure during the period of shrinkage, with seasonal temperature fluctuations.

Wall design

When carrying out an addition to the main building, the same materials are usually used for the construction of walls. This creates an attractive appearance of the structure, a house with an attached structure looks harmonious.

There are situations when, at the request of the owner and in accordance with the design intent, the extension can be built from another material. A closed, insulated veranda, a bathhouse or a kitchen made of timber, a boiler room made of gas blocks are sometimes attached to a brick house.

The choice of material for construction is carried out during design in order to calculate the weight of the structure, determine the type of foundation for it, and the type of roof.

The main materials for the construction of walls of extensions are:

• brick;
• foam blocks;
• aerated concrete;
• wooden beam;
• sandwich panels.

Roof design

For the summer extension, two types of roofing are installed:

• stationary. They dig in along the perimeter of the site metal pipes or wooden beams on which polycarbonate, profiled sheet is mounted;
• temporary. A canopy made of fabric, garden mesh is installed

For an extension for year-round use, a reliable roof is installed from the same material that covers the roof of the house. In accordance with the design drawings, the roof is sloping away from the house to allow water to drain. To prevent heat loss and water leakage through the roof, waterproofing and insulation are made.

Projects of structures from various materials

Frame extension

The lightest in weight, simple in construction, less costly in terms of funds is a structure built using frame technology. It does not lay a powerful deep foundation. On tape or column foundation a frame of wooden bars is mounted, between which insulated sip panels are installed.

Advantages and disadvantages of foam blocks and aerated concrete

Foam blocks and gas blocks are fairly light materials. The construction of walls from foam blocks and aerated concrete takes place quickly, without the involvement of special equipment, and requires relatively small investments. Walls made of foam blocks allow air to pass through, retain heat well.

Owners of foam concrete structures and aerated concrete buildings should be prepared for the appearance of small cracks on the walls during operation. Therefore, the working draft necessarily provides for finishing work on the outside of foam concrete and gas blocks, insulation and decoration inside the room.

Timber extensions

TO country houses, To country cottages and mansions quite often attach premises made of wooden beams. The choice of material is due to its environmental safety, attractive appearance, strength and durability. advantage wooden extension is also the absence of the need to carry out Finishing work, both indoors and outdoors.

brick extension

Strength, reliability, durability are the main characteristics of a brick extension. The features include the weight of the structure, requiring the construction of a powerful foundation. Most often, this material is selected if a two-story building is being designed.

The disadvantages include a large estimated cost, but customers ordering such buildings are ready to pay for a high-quality, warm, durable room.

If you decide to attach to your mansion, cottage, country house additional living space, boiler room, bathhouse or equip an open terrace, veranda, use the services of professional designers. Only specialists will be able to create an original design project, competently perform the necessary calculations, guarantee the durability and reliability of the building.

In the attached room it will be comfortable at any time of the year, thanks to a well-thought-out heating and ventilation system. The extension will meet its functional purpose. During the construction of the extension, the builders will comply with the requirements of the designers, use the most suitable materials and components.

A pre-designed and thought-out project for an extension to a wooden house or a building made of other material with working drawings, plans, sketches will help save money on construction works and ensure the safety of the structure during operation.

Reading time ≈ 10 minutes

Do-it-yourself construction of extensions to a wooden house has become very popular lately, as can be seen from the huge number of projects with photos. Indeed, the owners of private houses often face the question of expanding space, and best solution in this case it becomes an extension. Among other things, the extension can radically transform the look of the house, making it more modern, cozy and attractive.

Closed glazed extension option

Types of extensions by form and purpose

By appearance and, accordingly, the functional purpose of the extension is divided into several types:

1. Additional full room at home.
2. Open / closed veranda.
3. Porch.

Consider each of the types in more detail with their advantages and disadvantages.

Various options for extensions to a residential building.

Full room

In this case, an additional full-fledged room is being built, suitable for year-round use. It can also be used as:

• utility room;
• garage;
• pantry;
• winter Garden;
• summer cuisine;
• additional bathroom;
• guest house.

Outbuilding used as a garage.

For construction, a wooden beam, brick or foam block with insulation is most often used.

Advantages of this type:

• a significant increase in the useful area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house;
• ease of communications (electricity, heating) from the main building;
• ease of re-equipment of the premises, if necessary, for another function.

Construction of an extension from a wooden beam.

A well-executed, beautiful extension can advantageously complement the exterior of the house. However, there are downsides to this solution. For example, you will need to make a reliable foundation and spend money on high-quality insulation, which will be reflected in the cost of the entire project.

Also, for the extension of a full-fledged room, you will need to allocate quite a lot of space, which is not always possible for owners of small plots.

An extension made of logs in the form of a full-fledged living room.

Closed veranda

Usually this is an unheated room with brick or timber walls, fully glazed. Due to the lack of heating, it is used only in the warm season.

Spacious enclosed space.

Design advantages:

• the ability to implement almost any design;
• glass buildings look very impressive and advantageous;
• in summer, you can relax on the covered veranda even in strong wind and rain;
• glazing protects from annoying insects.

The disadvantages of this design are few, but still they need to be considered:

• a large glass area means the need for frequent and thorough cleaning;
• the glass-enclosed design does not give that feeling of being in the fresh air, which many expect from the veranda.

A fully glazed veranda looks very original and stylish.

Another example of a fully glass veranda in the photo:

A glass terrace can become a real highlight of the house.

Construction of a terrace and a house from different materials can also be turned into an advantage. For example, in the photo below, the extension is made of other materials in a different color scheme, but it looks just magical:

snow white covered terrace at the gray house.

open veranda

A simple, practical and functional frame structure, which has recently been very popular. An open veranda looks great in tandem with a wooden house.

Outdoor terrace with a beautiful view of the lake.

Advantages of open design:

• much smaller financial investments for construction at the expense of the minimum material;
• the possibility of being outdoors;
• the need for a smaller building area than for a full-fledged residential room;
• ease of installation;
• functionality and convenience.

Open terrace with one glazed wall.

Of the shortcomings, it is worth remembering the strictly seasonal possibility of use. At the same time, in too cold summer weather, with strong wind or rain, staying on the veranda will be uncomfortable. In addition, insects will torment you in the evening.

The veranda gives the exterior of the house completeness.

Porch

It looks like several support pillars and roofing material and serves to protect the space from rain and snow. The porch is the simplest, but at the same time the least functional extension option, which, by and large, performs decorative role. However, if you install chairs on it, coffee table, a small shop, a porch may well replace a gazebo.

A miniature porch with a bench and an armchair.

Design advantages:

• ease of construction;
• small financial costs;
• no need for a solid foundation;
• transformation of the facade of the building.

It is obvious that in bad weather conditions it will not be possible to relax on the porch, and it will be possible to use it only in the warm season. Together with little functionality, these are all the disadvantages of this type of extensions.

Spacious porch at front door.

Most often, the porch is located from the front of the building, through which the residents and guests of the house get inside. However, it is not necessary to build a porch at the front door. If you place the extension in the backyard, you get a cozy closed patio. The space can be supplemented with comfortable furniture, a table, a hammock and turn it into a place for a summer dining room, a playground, a space for friendly gatherings and romantic dinners.

The porch in the backyard of the house serves as a favorite place to relax.

Materials for the construction of an annex

You can build a terrace or a room from various materials - this is with wooden structure even at home modern materials will look harmonious thanks to the finish.

When choosing materials for an extension, it is worth moving away from the common stereotype that the house and extension should be made of the same material. Of course, an extension is a harmonious continuation of the house, but a combination of different materials can look more advantageous and interesting.

Most often, the following materials are used for the construction of an extension:

1. Bar. Practical, eco-friendly, aesthetic and very durable material. Thanks to a special impregnation, the wood is resistant to pests, rot and fungus. When building from a bar, it is necessary to have an expansion joint between the structures. The walls and roof are built in the same way as the main living space.
2. Brick. Natural, durable material for the construction of extensions.
3. Foam block. Extremely common now, durable, affordable material with excellent thermal insulation properties. An additional advantage is the rapid construction of the premises due to the large size of the blocks. It is convenient to build additional rooms and covered verandas from foam blocks. The disadvantage is the mandatory need for exterior decoration due to the unaesthetic appearance of the blocks.

An extension of foam blocks does not require such a solid and powerful foundation (a columnar one is enough), but a brick and cobbled structure necessarily involves laying a high-quality strip foundation to avoid distortions and deformations under the weight of a brick.

4. Frame. This option is the least costly in terms of finance and time resources. With the help of the frame, you can build a terrace, veranda or porch. The method consists in the manufacture of a wooden or metal frame, which is then finished with chipboard (OSB) boards and insulated with a special material (polystyrene, mineral wool etc.). Frame structures due to their lightness, they are excellent for the construction of two-story buildings.
5. Polycarbonate. This material is used in the construction of frame buildings. This material is extremely popular now due to such properties: ease of use, lightness and strength, aesthetics, the ability to build an extension of any geometric shape. It can only be used for

The roof of the extension, made of polycarbonate, provides a high level of natural light in the extension.

The main stages of the construction of the building

Before proceeding with the construction of an extension to a wooden house with your own hands, it is worthwhile to study in detail the finished projects with photos and draw up a work plan. What should it include:

• location of the extension;
• type and design of the extension;
• type of foundation (based on the previous paragraph);
• list of necessary building and finishing materials;
• summing up communications (minimum electricity);
• calculation of the budget (which includes, in addition to the cost of materials, also transportation costs and wages of employees).

When drawing up a project for a future building, it is imperative to indicate the following aspects: the composition of the soil, the level of freezing and moisture absorption, the condition of the walls and foundation of the main building.

Foundation laying

For verandas, a columnar type of foundation is most often used, and if the building is quite large, the pillars must be laid every 60 cm around the perimeter.

Work progress:

1. Pits are dug to a depth of 100 cm. The depth of the pits must exceed the depth of soil freezing.
2. A pillow of layers of sand and gravel is laid at the bottom.
3. The holes are filled with concrete.
4. Since the veranda is being built for wooden house, we build support columns from the bars.

The foundation of the veranda with the finished bottom trim.

Frame erection

After laying the foundation, you can proceed to the frame of the building:

1. First, the lower harness is mounted, the corners of which are fastened with a dovetail joint. To fasten the entire structure, dowels or nails are used. The lower harness can also be made double and the racks of the future veranda can already be placed on it.
2. Support beams are installed. At the wall of the veranda adjacent to the main room, the racks must be higher for the construction of a pitched roof.

Keep in mind that a roof angle of 45-60 ° almost doubles the consumption of roofing material. With this angle, the resistance of the coating to the wind is expressed, but, on the other hand, the roof is well cleared of precipitation.

3. If the veranda is to be enclosed, the cross beams will determine the height of the windows.
4. The installation of the frame is completed by installing the upper trim.

The frame of the wooden veranda.

When using a beam, its cross section should be 10 * 10 or 18 * 8 cm, but if a log is used, then the cross section should not be more than 12 * 12 cm.

Roof and flooring

For verandas attached to the house, most often used shed roofs. If the extension is located at the end of the building, it is advisable to use gable roof. Rafters and lathing are attached to the upper trim, on which the roofing material is then laid.

Types of roofing for the roof:

Practical roof made of asbestos-cement slate.

To equip the floor, logs are installed on the lower trim with a distance of not more than 1 m, on which the board is placed. Self-tapping screws are used for fastening. The board must be impregnated with a special solution to prevent fungal infections.

If the veranda is supposed to be open, the floor should have a very small angle for water to drain.

In the final, the building must be furnished with furniture, decor, flowers to your taste.

After arranging furniture and decor, the veranda looks very nice and cozy.

As you can see, building a beautiful, modern extension to a wooden house with your own hands is actually not so difficult, focusing on ready-made projects and photos. If you have certain knowledge and skills, you can do it on your own and hire professionals in their field. But in any case, an extension is a great opportunity to expand the space, transform the house and make it even more comfortable!

You can watch the video on how to build an extension: