OSB plate - characteristics, types, application. OSB plate - what kind of material is it and what is it used for What does the OSB plate consist of

Recycling waste from the woodworking industry is not new for a long time. They are used to make plywood, chipboard, fiberboard, glued laminated timber, which are actively used in the furniture industry. OSB particle boards have gained recognition relatively recently, and now we will describe the characteristics of this product, its varieties, as well as the areas in which it is used.

OSB boards: types and methods of application

Currently, there are four varieties of OSB oriented strand boards. These include OSB1, OSB2, 3 and 4. They all have different specifications, which implies a variety of areas of their application.

OSB1 are plates that are characterized by a low density of the material. As a result, they cannot endure contact with moisture without serious damage. They are mainly used in the furniture industry.

OSB2 - have greater, in comparison with the first type, strength and density. The common pair of the first two types is moisture intolerance. Due to the increased density of these boards, they are used for sheathing structures in rooms with average humidity values.

OSB3 - has become the most widespread today. It is characterized by high strength and resistance to use in environments with high humidity. True, with prolonged contact with water, it still begins to deform. To use this material outdoors, it must first be treated with paint or an appropriate impregnation.

OSB4 - already a level higher than the previous ones. It is extremely durable and does not suffer damage from water even when used for a long time in an environment with high humidity. This material has only one drawback - its price. It is about twice the price of OSB3.

OSB (OSB) plate - characteristics size and weight

Another criterion for separating oriented strand boards is their thickness. This is one of the most important characteristics of OSB boards. After all, this is also not an insignificant factor in the choice of materials in certain areas. Length and width (2500x1250 mm) remain standard in OSB (OSB) sheets, but the thickness ranges from 8 to 26 mm, in steps of 2 millimeters.

Slab dimensions

For sheathing structures in which a high load on the slab is not foreseen, for example, thin sheets up to 16 mm thick are used. With their help, they make walls, create a base for soft roof, they sheathe walls and existing wooden floors. In cases where a load is provided, measured in hundreds of kilograms per square meter, thicker plates are used. Basically it is, if necessary, to create a basis for the installation of heavy equipment, as well as flooring and for roof structures.

Table of strength and moisture resistance

Technical characteristics of OSB boards (OSB)

Modern OSB boards can boast quite high rates. This is what made them such a common building material.
Here is a list of the main properties of oriented strand board:

Relatively high strength. They can withstand a weight of several centners, the main thing is to choose the required thickness;
Lightness and elasticity. Thanks to these two characteristics, OSB can be used when sheathing various curved surfaces that have a significant radius of curvature;
Structural homogeneity is a property that ensures the preservation of the integrity of the plate during bending. This gives OSB an advantage over plywood, which will delaminate in such cases;
The advantage of OSB over wood is that it is devoid of shape instability with excessive moisture, and the risks of defects on OSB, in comparison with wood, are much less;
Oriented strand board is very easy to process with tools such as a drill, saw. This greatly facilitates the work when connecting sheets to each other;
Relative to other materials, OSB has very high rates of heat and sound insulation;
Resistance to chemical and mechanical stress is another plus of this material;
Special impregnation prevents the formation of mold and fungus on the plates.

Table of physical and mechanical properties

Indicators	Mill- dart	Aggloply OSB 2	Aggloply OSB 3	OSB 2			OSB 3
Thickness, mm		10-18	10-18	6-10	10-18	18-25	6-10
Thickness tolerance, mm: slab unpolished polished plate	EN 324-1	0,3 0,3	0,3 0,3	±0.8 ±0.3			±0.8 ±0.3
Length tolerance, mm	EN 324-1	3	3	3			3
Width tolerance, mm	EN 324-1	3	3	3			3
Squareness, mm	EN 324-2	1,5	1,5	1,5			1,5
Straightness, mm/1 m	EN 324-1	2	2	2			2
Modulus of elasticity, N/mm²: longitudinal axis transverse axis	EN 310	>6000 >2500	>6000 >2500	3500 1400			3500 1400
Bending strength, N/mm²: longitudinal axis transverse axis	EN 310	>35 >17	>35 >17	22 11	20 10	18 9	22 11
Cross tension, N/mm²	EN 310	>0,75	>0,75	0,34	0,32	0,3	0,34
Formaldehydes, mg/100g	EN 120	<6,5	<6,5	<8			<8
Swelling in 24 hours when completely immersed in water,%	EN 317	12	6	20			15

Work with OSB (OSB) plates and their application

OSB boards can be used in many areas of construction due to their technical characteristics. Primarily, this building material is used to arrange the walls of frame buildings and to create partitions between rooms. Also, with the help of oriented strand boards, the installation of flooring is carried out and the floors are leveled, which were installed earlier. In addition, OSB act as an excellent base for certain types of roofing materials.

OSB, regardless of their area of application, have an almost identical method of attachment. They are simply fixed with self-tapping screws on a metal or wooden frame.
In the case when you need to install the flooring using OSB, the plates are attached to the logs, which must be pre-installed. A wooden crate can serve as a supporting structure in the manufacture of a roof. For wall cladding with OSB slabs, special metal profiles must first be installed on the wall, and the slabs themselves are already mounted on them. To guarantee the inviolability of the structure, the step when installing profiles, lags or battens should not exceed 400 millimeters.

As mentioned above in this article, OSB boards are very easy to process according to your desire. Their processing is possible even when using an ordinary hacksaw, but this will take you a lot of time and effort, so we advise you to use an electric jigsaw. It should be equipped with a large-toothed wood file, so you will speed up the process of cutting the slab as much as possible.

Well, the obvious fact is that OSB boards are simply indispensable for builders. With their help, you can build a full-fledged frame house, including interior work - installation of the floor and walls. Such dwellings are built as quickly as possible and have a very long service life.

Video

OSB board what is it? It is quite familiar to only half of the people, only to the male side. Exists in the construction market for more than thirty years, it is used for repairs by specialists. It is a wood processing product. OSB slabs are moisture resistant for exterior coatings at home, an environmentally friendly product that retains heat. With regard to strength, it often surpasses metal materials, have a small weight.

For the first time, osb began to be interested in back in the 80s, when they tried to find a replacement for wood-cut sheet. For a long time, they invented production technology so that the result corresponded to high quality and characteristics. This is how the new building material OSB board appeared - the result of work on pressed chips treated with a special adhesive solution. The production process takes place at high pressure and high temperatures.

The difference between OSB and other materials lies in the variety of applications. As for moisture resistance, the reviews of smallpox are good. Naturally, she cannot withstand round-the-clock rains, but she can resist dampness without problems. But according to the experience of specialists, it can be argued that it serves for more than one year without sticking.

Due to the quality and the correct parameters, they are used in many sectors of construction. The plate exists as an independent material or as an auxiliary. Suitable for plastering and painting. Great for home cladding. In this variant, the OSB 3 board meets the technical specifications for use under laminate, tile, and parquet flooring. OSB board has different sizes. For an example of OSB sheathing (an abbreviation of the full name), a balcony is presented.

For a practical result, you need to observe all the subtleties of this case:

If a laminate is to be mounted on top of the slab, care must be taken to have a flat surface there so that the result is as seamless as possible.
It is necessary to use the minimum thickness of the sheets if linoleum, carpet will be laid. Treat all gaps with penoizol.
For additional protection, the surface is varnished if used as an independent material.
If you need to lay sheets under ceramic tiles, the base must be stationary to avoid peeling.

Tip: for external walls, it is imperative to level the surface with putty.

One of the advantages of this material is ease of use. Easy fastening to the frame with self-tapping screws. For sheathing concrete or plasterboard walls, a type of vertical beams is used. You can work in different areas. Sheets are cut as needed. To insulate the floor, you must perform the following steps:

The side that will be closer to the ground must be cleaned with paper mastic.
In the interval between the lags, a heater is attached, which is covered with a layer of waterproofing coating.
An OSB board is attached on top.

Plates have an extensive range of purposes. They can be used:

For ceilings, floors, walls
External and internal walls of the room
Sheathing of windows of apartments
roof coverings
For balconies, bedrooms, loggias, bathrooms

Osb is also used in other cases:

For the construction of shelving, stands
In the production of building processes
To create stairs
For building shipping boxes
For furniture construction (creating a frame)
Internal window sills
During the construction of garden furniture
For surface leveling

An example of fixing a plate (photo No. 1). How the building visually looks after sheathing (photo No. 2).

OSB board characteristics and application (video)

Types of OSB

To date, construction industries produce four types of oriented particle boards, which have differences:

OSB 1 - has a low density, strength, moisture resistance. It is used in the manufacture of furniture frames.
OSB 2 - has better qualities than the first option. Good strength, if not high humidity. Used for partition walls.
OSB 3 - has almost the highest level of density, resistant to a humid environment. This type is used for indoor and outdoor work. Requires additional impregnation.
OSB 4 - is the owner of the best qualities - strength and water resistance. Used to strengthen roofs.

Properties and specifications

Slabs are produced from coniferous and deciduous trees. The chips are arranged in such a way that gives high strength and protection. OSB compared to chipboard (plywood) has a cheap cost per square meter. Manufactured using the hot pressing method. There are few bad qualities. The raw material is wood shavings and a special glue that is able to prevent the growth of the fungus. Has the following characteristics:

Little weight
You can buy at a budget price
Has moisture resistance
Eco-friendly material
Excellent quality indicators
Manufactured according to GOST standards 32567
Can be primed, plastered, decorated, puttied

Used as decorative material
Do-it-yourself repairs at home
Long service life
Can be wallpapered over
Open the base with a stain
Used in the interior

Some are inclined to believe that smallpox boards for interior decoration are harmful. In fact, formaldehyde, phenol fumes bring danger and harm. They are used as a connecting device. The advantages of polymeric materials include inexpensive cost, and their toxicity is considered a minus. It has combustibility properties. When burned, it releases toxicity. Therefore, to some extent smallpox cooker is harmful to health. The disadvantages include an unpleasant odor. They are best used for external installation, cladding.

Another feature is before buying, you need to pay attention to the packaging, description and instructions for gluing, storage conditions, color of the plate. After the acquisition, it is desirable to allow the material to weather for weathering so that it becomes safe. OSB panels are not afraid of the sun, so you need to install in any weather. This is the main difference from other finishing materials. Before buying, you need to roughly calculate how many sheets you need to take. In order to properly paint pox outside, you need to purchase paint for outdoor robots. This paint paints the texture.

Which paint is best? Builders face this issue. You can paint with any material, but you must not forget about its features. Since the plates are glued with resins, it is better to use solvent-soluble substances. An excellent option is an autopsy with oily paints. They have a high viscosity index, slightly absorbed into the slab. Minus - the paint dries for a long time. But the result is worth the time spent. If long-term operation is needed, then acrylic paints will help with this. It is not necessary to varnish over dried paint. It is not recommended to work with acrylic composition, it contributes to the swelling of the plate.

Strength index

Dimensions

OSB, YUSB, OSB are all approximately particle board. OSB 3 is more often purchased. According to OSD standards, plates are produced in the following sizes:

11X1250X2500 (medium)
12X1250X2500 (12 mm - thickness)
6X1250X2500 (thin sheet)
8X1250X2500 (thin sheet)
9X1250X2500 (thin sheet)
9X2440X1220 (thin sheet)

1220 * 2440 mm is the standard size of the American manufacturer.

1200 * 2440 mm - is considered a non-standard size.

1200 * 2700 mm - produced by Belgian manufacturers.

1250*2500 mm is the standard by European standards.

There are also plates with a thickness of 15 - 25 mm. This kind is thick. Small parameters are more convenient as sheathing material. These sizes can be purchased from any manufacturer, such as Vibex.

Photo gallery of finished works

OSB board is a relatively new building material that has been widely used in construction. But what is it, what properties does it have, and for what purposes is it generally used? I will try to answer all these questions.

The abbreviation OSB stands for "oriented strand board", which means "oriented strand board" in translation.

What is OSB

General information

The material is mistakenly called "usb", "usb" and even "yusbi" plates. Roofers especially like to say this for some reason. The decoding of the abbreviation USB sounds like this - universalstrandboard, i.e. universal chipboard.

So, OSB is sheets formed by compressed wood chips and large-sized chips. The length of chips can reach 15 cm, and their number in the slab reaches 90 percent. Most often, manufacturers of this material use a mixture of hardwood and softwood chips.

Synthetic resins, paraffin and other adhesives are used for gluing wood chips. In addition, moisture-repellent substances are added to the composition.

The main feature of these plates is that they consist of several layers. Moreover, the fibers of each layer are perpendicular to each other. This provides them with high strength and resistance to deformation.

Production

The manufacturing process of OSB boards includes several stages:

Tree preparation. The tree is softened by moistening and heat treatment, after which the bark and natural damage are removed;

Splitting of wood. With the help of special equipment, the prepared wood is split into chips of the required size;
Drying. The resulting wood chips are dried in drying chambers;

Processing of raw materials. The prepared chips are mixed with adhesive and water-repellent impregnations;
Layer formation. In special conveyor machines, the chips are aligned in the right direction, resulting in separate layers;
Layering. Layers with a wound orientation of chips are superimposed on each other. The number of layers can be different, depending on the desired thickness of the plate;

Pressing. This procedure takes place under the influence of high temperature. The output is almost finished material;
Grinding. The outer surface of the outer layers is subjected to grinding, as a result of which the plates acquire an attractive appearance;
Cutting. The resulting material is cut into plates of certain sizes, after which they are sent to the warehouse.

As a result, OSB sheets are much more durable and moisture resistant than other similar materials such as chipboard and MDF.

Main properties and characteristics

Performance

Like any other building material, OSB boards have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, first of all, we will get acquainted with their operational qualities.

Advantages:

High strength. The material is able to withstand high mechanical loads;
Weather resistance. Due to this quality, USB panels can be used for outdoor work. True, this does not apply to all their types;
Resistance to biological influences. Thanks to special impregnations, the plates never rot, are not affected by fungus or insects;

Durability. Thanks to the qualities described above, the sheets can last in various designs for more than a dozen years, even when used outdoors;
Save the form. As a result of the multidirectionality of the chips, the slabs are not deformed. In this regard, the material surpasses even plywood;
Heat and noise insulation qualities. OSB plate has almost the same properties as the array;

Ease of machining. The plates do not crumble, and are also not prone to chipping in the sawing areas;
Attractive look. Due to the large chips, the boards look much more attractive than chipboard and MDF. Therefore, they are often used as a finishing material, while maintaining the natural texture and color.

Flaws:

Toxicity. Plates contain harmful phenols, however, this applies only to brands intended for outdoor use. Some manufacturers have completely eliminated the use of formaldehyde in the manufacture of this material;
Instability to moisture of eco-friendly brands. Plates that can be used for interior work are not resistant to moisture.

Characteristics

The plates in question have the following technical characteristics:

Characteristics	Options
Flexural modulus, N/mm²	1200-1800
Buckling modulus, N/mm²	2500-4800
Slab dimensions	The width of the plates usually has standard dimensions - 1220 or 1250 mm. The length can be different: 2440 mm; 3660 mm; 6000 mm; 2500 mm; 3700 mm The thickness can also be different within 6-22 mm.
Weight 1m 2 plates, kg	Depending on the thickness of the sheet, it is in the range of 12.9-42.9.
moisture resistance	Swelling, depending on the type of sheets, is in the range of 12-25%
Density, kg / m 3	640 to 700

OSB has a sufficiently high coefficient of thermal expansion - a plate of standard sizes can expand by 3 mm. Therefore, the instructions for installing this material on the facades of buildings or, for example, on floors require the arrangement of gaps between sheets of several millimeters.

Types of OSB and their features

The characteristics and performance of OSB boards largely depend on the strength class. There are four classes in total:

OSB-1. The material is intended for use only in dry rooms. It is the most environmentally friendly, but it has the least strength and resistance to moisture.
Plates of this class are widely used in industry;

OSB-2. This class of plates is also intended for indoor use. The difference from the first class is increased strength, while moisture resistance remains at a low level.
Such slabs can be used for internal partitions, arranging subfloors, etc.;

OSB-3. They have a much higher density and moisture resistance. As a result, they can be used for both indoor and outdoor work, subject to short-term contact with water;

Sheet building materials are used in frame housing construction, with dry leveling of planes. One of these materials is OSB board (OSB, OSB). She pressed, GKL. And all because with good technical characteristics, it has a low price.

What is OSB board and OSB

One of the sheet building materials is OSB (also called OSB). The name is an abbreviation of the full name of the material - "oriented strand board". That is, it is correct to call this material OSB. The second name - OSB - comes from the transliteration of the English version of the name - OSB ( oriented strand board). English letters were simply replaced with similar ones in Cyrillic.

OSB is a multilayer material (3 or more layers). Each layer consists of wood, ground into chips, mixed with resins. Wood chips are used long and thin (several millimeters thick, up to 7 cm long). The chips in the layers are located in different directions: the outer layers have a longitudinal orientation, the inner ones have a transverse orientation. This results in high elasticity and dimensional stability. Various resins are used as a binder. They give the material water resistance, but contain formaldehyde. It is the content of this substance that stops many from using OSB. But, if the material is produced in accordance with GOST, the formaldehyde emission does not exceed the performance of wood. But this can only be verified in laboratory conditions. So the ordinary buyer can only rely on the inspection authorities. Or choose another material.

Types of OSB

Depending on consumer properties, oriented strand boards are produced in several types:

If you need moisture-resistant OSB, carefully consider the choice of manufacturer. Be prepared for the fact that OSB 3 is more expensive than non-moisture resistant brands. Even more money will have to be paid for OSB 4. We do not recommend looking for cheap material. Too many complain that the purchased OSB 3 swelled by 3-8 mm from moisture, in some cases it even bloomed or overgrown with fungi. All this is due to attempts to reduce costs. To do this, use fewer disinfectants, a cheaper binder. Chinese manufacturers instead of pine chips put hardwood, which is easily affected by fungi and diseases.

Properties and specifications

OSB boards compete with other sheet materials both in the field of construction (for sheathing frames, creating formwork) and in the field of finishing (leveling walls, floors, ceilings). This is facilitated by the properties of OSB:

Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that moisture resistance and resistance to deformation are characteristic of OSB, which were made in compliance with the technology. Unfortunately, the Russian-made material is not of high quality. Less powerful presses are used, they try to save on the binder, do not apply markings. As a result, there are many examples of negative experience: plates swell from moisture, warp them, glue is washed out ... The way out is to look for plates of imported (Europe or USA) production. Due to the growth of the dollar, they now have considerable prices, there are very few of them on the market, but, if desired, you can find or order with delivery.

The situation is aggravated by the fact that in appearance it is impossible to distinguish moisture-resistant OSB3 from non-moisture-resistant OSB2 or 1. The latter cost much less. Unscrupulous sellers sell cheaper ones under the guise of moisture resistant ones. This is where trouble comes in. As a way out, you can do this: buy one sheet of OSB 3, check its behavior at high humidity. If there are no visible changes, buy a batch.

Application area

The properties of OSB make it possible to use this material as a building or finishing material. Here are the jobs it can be used for:

Sheathing of frames and walls from the inside and outside.
Floor and ceiling leveling.
Flooring of a rough or finishing floor along the logs.
Removable formwork when working with concrete.
Solid crate under, metal tile, slate,.
Production of SIP panels and thermal panels.

There is a constant debate among developers about how safe OSB is. In its production, resins are used that emit formaldehyde. Manufacturers claim that the release of this substance does not exceed 1%. Materials with such formaldehyde emission are considered absolutely safe. About the same amount of this substance emits wood. Therefore, such materials are allowed for the construction of children's furniture. In addition, OSB boards with an emission of 0.5% appeared. You can distinguish them by two criteria: the name contains the prefix Bio or Green and they are more expensive.

Please note that the level of formaldehyde emission must be controlled. Each batch of material must be checked, the actual parameters must be indicated in the accompanying documents. Despite all the arguments, not everyone considers this material to be safe, preferring to use natural material - boards. They are, without a doubt, an environmentally friendly material, but it takes longer to work with boards, they are more expensive. In general, everyone decides for himself whether to use OSB boards or not.

Dimensions of oriented strand boards

Since the purpose of the OSB board is different, different sizes can be convenient. The situation with the size of OSB boards is not easy. On sale there are constantly 1220 * 2440 mm and 1250 * 2500 mm. There are also formats 1250*2800 mm, 1250*3000 mm, 1200*6000 mm, but they are extremely rare on our market, although in many cases they are much more convenient to use. Having picked up the right size, you get rid of the need to “grow” the missing centimeters or saw off the extra ones. But there are not so many of them on the market, since these are imported plates, and now it is difficult to import ...

The OSB board can also be of different thickness - 9 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm, 22 mm, 25 mm. Each type of use has its own thickness:

Sheathing of walls, ceiling - from 9 mm.
Solid crate for roofing materials - from 12 mm.
An OSB board from 15 mm thick will go to the floor.

Another one of the applications of OSB boards is a removable formwork for concrete work.

OSB board is a convenient building material. It can be sawn with a conventional wood saw, use a grinder with a cutting disc, a jigsaw. The material is well drilled, screw nails can be used without pre-drilling. But then their hats stick out, which is not always convenient.

Before finishing, the OSB board is coated with a primer. It is selected depending on the finishing materials - to equalize the absorbency and improve adhesion to other materials.

Construction companies, as well as furniture manufacturers, often list OSB boards or simply OSB as the materials used. This abbreviation usually does not mean anything to the average consumer. So, OSB - what is it, what is it used for, what are its advantages or disadvantages?

The name OSB stands for simply - these are the initial letters of the words orient strand board, which translates as oriented strand board. Also, boards can be called OSB panels, OSB sheets, or simply OSB or OSB.

Boards are made from flat wood shavings or chips. For the production of OSB boards, softwood raw materials are most suitable, but aspen, poplar, etc. are also used. Unlike other particle boards (chipboard, for example), chips are laid in OSB in a given direction. That is why such particle boards are called oriented. Since OSB boards consist of several (usually three) layers, the direction of the chips in the layers alternates, making these boards more durable.

To connect the chips to each other, resins are used, consisting of urea, melamine, waxes and other substances. The resin content in the composition is less than 10%, which makes OSB panels a conditionally natural material. Panels can be laminated or varnished for added protection.

OSB boards have found wide application in house building. In particular, they are part of the material used for.

OSB plate - these are sheets about 2.5 by 1.25 m in size. The thickness of the plates is different, it varies from 6 to 38 mm. For ease of installation, the plates can have machined ends according to the “groove-comb” principle.

Types of OSB

There are 4 types of OSB, they are all divided by strength and water resistance:

Pros and cons of OSB

The advantages of oriented strand boards include the following properties:

price;
strength;
moisture resistance;
ease of processing;
no bundles;
excellent holding capacity - fasteners in OSB hold an order of magnitude better than in chipboard.

What about security? There are misconceptions about human health. Someone says that it is a toxic material, that it cannot be used indoors, that OSB emits formaldehyde, etc. The vast majority of such misconceptions are complete fiction that has nothing to do with the true state of affairs. First, all panels are certified. An international standard E1 has been developed for materials used in housing construction. OSB boards with the appropriate marking are safe for humans. Secondly, conventional priming and painting completely blocks the release of any substances from the boards. Thus, they are as safe as possible for health and there are no obstacles to their use indoors.

There are completely safe OSB boards. The binders used in the production of EUROSTRAND® OSB 3 E0 boards from Egger do not contain formaldehyde at all. The binding element is not phenol-formaldehyde resin, but paraffin-wax emulsion and polyurethane resin.

The process of laying OSB chips

Comparison of OSB and plywood

OSB boards can be compared with other materials and, above all, with plywood. They are similar in their qualities, but if there is a choice, plywood or OSB, then you should pay attention to the following facts:

for the manufacture of OSB, shavings of fast-growing species are used; for plywood, more “noble” raw materials are needed - as a result, the cost of OSB is lower due to the price of raw materials;
OSB boards do not delaminate;
OSB has a more uniform structure and at the cut, the tensile strength of OSB is higher than that of plywood;
the strength of plywood and OSB is approximately the same, but for OSB, the strength characteristics do not depend on humidity;
OSB sheets can be produced in any size, the manufacturing process is easy to customize for specific needs;
OSB boards are easily processed with any tools;
in terms of weight and strength, OSB boards are more profitable than plywood.

So, OSB is a lightweight and durable building material that surpasses such eminent competitors as plywood in many respects. At the same time, the cost of OSB is lower, which makes this material the most promising on the market.