Installation of formwork for strip foundations. Rules for the installation of formwork for walls, foundations and ceilings Installation of monolithic formwork

The formwork serves as an element of the fence when pouring concrete, preventing it from flowing out of the future structure and thus giving it the necessary shape. This device is used to make foundations. different types. The most common application is the formation of formwork for strip foundations. With the help of formwork, reinforced belts are made for floor slabs or the roof frame of the building, as well as many other structures that involve pouring the form with concrete or cement mortar. The material for the foundation formwork can be used differently, and in our article we will consider several options.

Wooden formwork with waterproofing coating Source demidovo52.ru

Types and materials for the manufacture of formwork

Depending on the desired quality of the concrete structure, the speed of its construction and the possibility of reusing the enclosing material, the following types of formwork are distinguished:

Removable (collapsible). It implies the repeated use of functional parts of the device. It is dismantled after hardening of reinforced concrete.
Fixed. Remains in the foundation, while serving as an additional protective or decorative element structures.
Wooden. It is used in collapsible structures. As the main enclosing material, edged wooden boards of various sections, plywood, OSB boards, and in rare cases chipboard are used.
metal. Enclosing elements in such formwork are made of sheet metal. The nodes that provide rigidity and prevent deformation of the planes can be made of wood or a metal profile.
Polymer. It can be either removable or non-removable. In the first case, it implies the use of special plastic sheets as a fence. In the second, concrete is poured into polystyrene molds, assembled by means of locks into a one-piece structure.

Formwork for reusable use - often these are rented Source stroiecoplast.ru

Overview of standard formwork: types and conditions for the use of formwork structures

Depending on the requirements for reinforced concrete structure the type of formwork is selected. The dimensions of the foundation, namely its height and width, are of paramount importance. The higher the structure, the stronger the enclosing material should be.

Collapsible formwork

This is the most common version of the formwork for strip foundations and not only. Its popularity is due to ease of manufacture, availability of material and low cost compared to other options.

Most often, such formwork is built from OSB, shields from wooden planks, plywood, sometimes chipboard. As a material for the frame, a wooden beam of a suitable section or a metal profile is used. All material after dismantling the formwork can be used in further construction work. Naturally, this is possible with a careful attitude to it.

Even disposable formwork can be collapsible, and the boards are quite suitable for a subfloor or similar work. Source readmehouse.ru

From the boards

For the construction of formwork, you will need a board with a thickness of 25 mm or more, if the width of the foundation is up to 300 mm. A larger design with a tape width of 400 mm and above will require the use of a 40-50 mm board. Lumber of any breed, both hardwood and softwood, is suitable. It is most economically feasible to use spruce or pine. In addition, these rocks have sufficient strength and resistance to moisture changes.

Flaws: long time assembly of shields and subsequent installation / dismantling of building elements; The structure needs additional reinforcement.

Advantages: Not high price.

From plywood, chipboard, OSB

In order for the OSB formwork for the foundation, or from plywood and chipboard, to be strong, one cannot do without wooden beam, which will be needed when assembling the frame and stops with braces. The recommended plate thickness is 18 mm or more. The thicker the plate, the less timber for rigidity will have to be added. Sheets size:

waterproof plywood - 1200 * 2400;
construction plywood - 1500 * 1500;
OSB: 2500*1250;
Chipboard - 3750 * 1750.

For a single use, you can use ordinary plywood, OSB boards or even chipboard (then you will have to throw it away). If many pouring cycles are planned, you should pay attention to laminated waterproof plywood.

Source derevyanny.com

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer foundation repair and design services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Positive traits: simplicity and speed of assembly compared to all other collapsible options. When using cheap varieties of slabs, the cost of such formwork for the foundation will be lower than that of wood.

Flaws: high cost of waterproof laminated plywood; one-time use of inexpensive board materials.

Metal formwork

Expensive but practical option capable of providing high quality surface, which reduces the cost of its subsequent grinding (if any). Such designs are more often factory-made, therefore, they are most adapted for quick assembly. They have significant rigidity and the same significant mass, which implies the involvement of a team of builders for installation and, possibly, lifting equipment. There are lightweight options made of aluminum or its alloys, but it is not practical to use them to save on the wages of workers and cranes.

The metal formwork for the foundation (photo below) is designed for reusable use and has significant potential in this regard, which partly justifies its high cost.

Reusable metal formwork Source stroyday.ru

The quality of the foundation made using iron formwork is an order of magnitude higher wooden options. This is due to the properties of the metal, which, unlike wood, does not absorb moisture and thus provides favorable conditions for the curing of concrete.

Polymer boards

The meaning is the same as with plywood, OSB or chipboard, with the only difference being that a polymer board is used as the fencing material, the size and thickness of which depends on the required rigidity. To ensure proper rigidity of the structure, a frame made of timber or a metal profile is required.

Polymer formwork is expensive pleasure, but they are indispensable in the construction of standard structures Source stroykarecept.ru

Fixed design

When choosing a material for non-separable formwork, one should choose one that will give the monolithic structure the necessary properties. For example, if insulation is subsequently required, it is better to use expanded polystyrene than concrete blocks or metal sheets.

Source pogreb-podval.ru

Styrofoam blocks

A very simple and quick option, in addition, the finished concrete structure is already insulated. The production of strip foundation formwork from blocks evokes an association with a constructor: lightweight blocks of high density polystyrene are assembled using locks located on the adjacent sides of the product. The technology provides for the presence of linear, angular, radius and other elements for the implementation of any geometric shapes and solutions.

There is also an option where dense polystyrene sheets are used as a bounding material. The joining of the sheets to each other is implemented using a simple tongue/groove connection. Opposite walls are connected by special metal brackets, which in parallel determine the width of the foundation tape.

The material has a small mass and is easy to handle, so the structures made of it are mounted quickly, do not require special equipment and skills.

Fixed formwork also works as a heater. Source gmk.spb.ru

Reinforced concrete foundation blocks

The name speaks for itself. Structurally, it resembles a formwork made of expanded polystyrene. The difference is in the absence of insulation, significant mass and greater rigidity of the finished monolithic structure. In the case of work with large-sized blocks, a team of builders and lifting equipment will be needed for mounting.

Source domsovetov.by

Auxiliary materials and necessary tools

In the process of mounting formwork for a strip foundation, you have to use various fixtures. Most often they are needed in the case of manufacturing wooden structures, especially when improvised sheet material is used. Factory products are usually equipped with everything you need.

metal studs

Needed for tall buildings. It is not possible to provide high-quality fixation of the thickness of the tape over the entire area of the fence in other ways. Studs are not needed for structures less than half a meter high, especially if sufficiently rigid are used. sheet materials or boards.

The purpose of this element is to prevent bursting of the formwork walls. For proper functioning, the stud is installed in plastic pipe. This is done in such a way that when tightening, the walls of the fence with inside hit the pipe. From the outside, it is recommended to wear washers on the stud.

Braces

Designed to prevent the walls of the fence from bending outward. Made from wooden blocks different lengths. The entrance is all suitable material, including trimmings.

Source plotnikov-pub.ru

Polyethylene film

Prevents the concrete mix from flowing out of the formwork. It is mainly used for structures made of boards, including unedged ones. Helps prevent excessive contamination of wood with cement mortar, which gives more opportunities for their subsequent use.

Production of removable formwork for strip foundation

There are a lot of options for the construction of such structures and the choice of the most suitable one depends on the situation and the preferences of specialists. Consider how formwork is made for a strip foundation using wooden shields and a bar.

Technology for the manufacture of wooden shields

The thickness of the board is selected depending on the width of the tape and the height of the structure. With a width of up to 300 mm and a height of up to 1 m, a board of 25-30 mm can be used. The length of the shields also depends on the dimensions of the fence and the geometry of the structure. Considering the standard length of the board (4.5 - 6 m), the shield length of 2 - 2.5 m can be considered optimal.

In the manufacture of fasteners, it is better to use nails. This will greatly facilitate dismantling, save money and speed up the process.

Source kakpostroit.su

For shields up to 1 meter high, the assembly represents the following sequence of actions:

It is necessary to prepare boards for a set of one shield, for example, 10 boards 2 m long, 100 mm wide;
To ensure rigidity and bonding of boards, you can use a beam with a section of 50 * 50, - 4 pieces per shield;
The board is nailed to the beam, which is located at regular intervals, while there should be a distance of about 200 mm along the edges of the ends (in order to tie the shields together during installation). The bars should be made somewhat longer so that they can be driven into the ground, if this is provided for by the design.
For tall structures with a tape width of 400 mm or more, a board with a thickness of 40 - 50 mm should be used, a bar for the frame - at least 100 * 50 mm.

Installation work

First you need to make a markup. After that, the shields are located along the foundation tape. From the outside, the tapes are fixed with braces, from the inside, stops or studs are installed. During work, it is necessary to control the level in all planes and the geometric accuracy of the structure.

Video description

Visually about the formwork for the foundation, see the video:

Assembly of fixed formwork

The construction of polystyrene blocks is assembled gradually - as the height of the foundation or walls increases. The first row is laid out on a prepared base - a pillow, having previously laid waterproofing with entry to the walls of the trench (in the case of a trench option). The assembly is made in locks on the faces of the blocks.

The height is gained, at which it is possible to tie the reinforcement without significant difficulties. In the case of using polymer sheets, the walls are fixed together with brackets that come with the kit. Having typed several rows and unleashed the reinforcement, concrete is poured, after which the following rows are assembled, and so on until the structure is completely ready.

For non-separable concrete block formwork, the process is the same. The difference is in the design of the material and the method of decoupling the reinforcement, which fits into specially provided recesses on the upper and lower surfaces of the blocks. The installation process also occurs gradually - after pouring one or two rows, the following are mounted.

Video description

See more about fixed formwork in the video:

Results

The use of this or that formwork largely depends on the costs that the developer is ready to go to, as well as the requirements for the quality of the foundation. For budget options, wood formwork using improvised means is quite suitable (there are examples using cardboard boxes). If speed is important, and quality will have to consider other options that will require a lot of money.

The pouring of the foundation is carried out in a pre-equipped formwork. This design must be mounted in compliance with a number of established rules and regulations. Familiarize yourself with the features of the existing varieties of formwork, the procedure for their calculation, instructions for the construction of the most common structures and get to work.

Of course, before erecting the formwork, you need to decide on the type of foundation that you will build. We recommend reading the following materials on our portal:

- First of all, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with step by step technology erection of a strip foundation. In which, among other things, it is told about the method of erecting timber formwork.

Formwork materials

Foundation formwork can be made from different materials.

Metal

The most versatile and most expensive formwork option. To assemble the structure, steel sheets 1-2 mm thick are used.

Metal formwork is perfect for arranging tape and monolithic foundation structures. can be welded directly to the formwork sheets, which will increase the rigidity of the foundation.

The main advantage of the metal is the simplicity and convenience of its processing - the sheets can be bent without any problems to the required shape of the concrete base.

The main disadvantage of metal formwork is its very high cost when compared with other existing options.

Reinforced concrete

Relatively expensive type of formwork.

Such formwork is equipped with concrete slabs. Depending on the thickness of the slabs used, when pouring the foundation, it will be possible to somewhat reduce the consumption of concrete mixture, which will save on the construction of the foundation without compromising the strength and other important characteristics of the structure.

Among the shortcomings, it should be noted big weight plates, which requires the involvement of special equipment for their installation.

At the same time, if the formwork is made from ready-made slabs and the dimensions of one element are not enough, you will have to install additional spacers, which is also not in the best way affect the final cost of the structure.

Styrofoam

Very good quality and practical. The formwork is assembled from ready-made individual blocks of expanded polystyrene. Formwork elements are extremely easy to install. They can be processed without any problems to the required shape.

The main disadvantages are the difficulties at the stage of selecting certain structural elements (usually these are roundings and corners) and the relatively high cost.

improvised materials

In the process of arranging the formwork, make sure that its walls are installed exclusively vertically.

It is important that there are no large gaps in the structure. Seal gaps with suitable improvised materials. In this case, a gap with a width of more than 4-5 mm is considered large - such a gap will be quite enough for the concrete solution to leak.

Additionally, to prevent small leaks of the solution, you can attach a plastic film to the inner surface of the formwork walls.

Removable formwork is recommended to be dismantled only after the foundation has gained the necessary strength. On average, it takes 3-5 weeks. The gaps left after the dismantling of the formwork are usually covered with soil. In some situations, they are poured with concrete or cement

Successful work!

Prices for different types of building boards

Building boards

Video - Do-it-yourself formwork for the foundation

There are several ways to level the formwork. The rules for the work are reflected in the specialized documentation: SNiP 3.01.03-84 "Geodetic works in construction" and SNiP 2.03.01-84 "Concrete and reinforced concrete structures".

In most cases, individual developers have no time to study the rules and regulations. Therefore, the recommendations of builders based on the requirements of SNiP and optimized for different conditions work on pouring concrete.

Formwork material selection

The formwork is a frame, the cavity of which is poured with concrete. After its setting, the auxiliary structure is dismantled (removable formwork) or it remains in its original place and will integral part erected building (non-removable).

The first option uses new sheet materials intended for other purposes. But in this case, the inner walls of the frame are covered with overlapped sheets of dense polyethylene film, which is fixed to the shields with brackets and a construction stapler. This precaution will protect the materials from contamination with cement-sand mortar.

For formwork, you can use:

Edged or unedged boards;
Sheets of plywood or OSB;
Cement particle boards (DSP);
Styrofoam with a thickness of at least 5 cm;
Cement slabs (fibrolite);
Metal sheets with a thickness of 2 mm;
High strength plastic sheets.

How to make shields

When pouring the foundation, you may encounter such a problem as bursting the formwork. This problem occurs for two reasons:

Wrong material selected;
Incorrectly assembled and installed frame panels for concreting.

In order to make a solid formwork from edged boards, lumber with a section of 100 × 25 mm and 150 × 30 mm is used. The shields will need to be supported with bars with a section of 100 × 50 mm. It is also used for the installation of vertical formwork racks, located in increments of 80-100 cm. The installation of panels consists of several stages.

Install vertical racks from a bar 100 × 50 mm.

The inner walls are sewn up with boards from 2.5 cm thick using wood screws.

The mounted panels are supported with bars installed on the outside of the formwork. The step between the supports is 60-70 cm. This design will withstand the pressure of concrete. After the foundation is poured and gains brand strength, wooden frame dismantled, and lumber used for other purposes. For example, for a crate device truss system or ventilated facade devices.

With a shield height of 90 cm and concrete pouring in a mechanized way (from a concrete pump), the pressure is 1 running meter frame will be at least 2300 kgf / p. m. The formwork may not withstand and deform. Therefore, its walls must be tightened with metal studs fixed on the outer sides of the frame with nuts.

Site preparation

It is possible to set the formwork evenly only in advance. This stage of work is called "planning" and is carried out manually using shovels and improvised devices. It consists in leveling the site by moving the soil from higher places and filling it with recesses in the marking area.

Installation starts with installation vertical supports. The frame is erected inside a trench under a strip foundation or a pit under a slab foundation.

The bottom of the recesses must be leveled and compacted. On it, it is necessary to first form a depreciation "cushion", consisting of two layers: sand and gravel. Each layer also needs to be leveled and compacted. After that, proceed to the installation of the frame as described above.

alignment

An important point in the construction of formwork is its leveling. Recommendation from builders: no need to strive to align the upper planes of the frame "under zero". On the contrary, it is better to make the formwork walls several centimeters higher than the planned foundation height. And on the inside of the shields, mark with a marker, drawing horizontal lines corresponding to the required plane of the foundation to be poured.

The main difficulty lies in drawing these lines correctly. It is not difficult to pour and level concrete over them. To accomplish this task, you can use the water level.

First, find the desired height of the foundation at the lowest marking point. Apply a water level flask to it, remember or mark the water level with a risk. Then, with the help of the second flask, the corresponding marks are placed on the remaining pegs. Draw lines and, if necessary, duplicate them with a thin wire.

There is another point of view on alignment: the walls of the frame must be aligned "at zero". For this purpose, at the marking stage, the height of the foundation is determined in the manner indicated above, and ropes or fishing line are pulled at this level. Shields are mounted, focusing on these devices.

The second way to align the walls of the formwork is to cut the shields along the lines drawn along the fishing line or rope. During pouring, the concrete is compacted with a reinforcement bar and leveled with a rule, which in this case should rest on the formwork walls.

How to use the laser level

This tool is useful for most marking, installation and finishing work.

The principle of the level is simple: it shows a perfectly even horizontal line due to the self-leveling mechanism inside the device.

Watch additional video:

The correct use of the level is to follow a few simple recommendations:

Preliminarily eliminate all obstacles on the path of the laser line;
It is not recommended to exceed the optimal distance from the level to the object specified in the instructions for the device;
The instrument must be placed on a level surface or on a tripod;
If there is no self-leveling function, before starting work, adjust the level using the built-in bubble level.

When erecting a monolithic foundation, it is very important to set the formwork correctly - the structure must create a rigid shape with given geometric dimensions.

The strength and reliability of the foundation support of the building directly depends on the accuracy of the exposure. This article is all about how to correctly set the formwork for pouring foundation supports.

Which one to choose?

Distinguish removable and non-removable formwork design. For a monolithic foundation, it is usually made of wood, plywood or metal. Fixed forms for the foundation are made of expanded polystyrene sheets. Expanded polystyrene is not dismantled after the concrete mixture has hardened - the layer serves as additional insulation for the foundation supports (this manufacturing method is most suitable for areas with a cold climate).

The assembly of the foundation formwork is necessary when concreting monolithic building structures - a reinforcing cage is installed in it, the concrete mixture is poured, which, when solidified, gives the foundation structures the necessary shape and rigidity. Clearly positioned formwork panels help to keep the monolithic reinforced concrete foundation in the dimensions specified by the project.

Making wooden shields

Formwork made of wooden boards needs to be adjusted as much as possible, achieving minimum gaps between two boards in order to concrete mix did not flow out of the box through existing cracks. Shuttering forms must be as smooth as possible, without flaws, in which case it will be very easy to bring the finishing of the foundation walls to perfection.

Wooden formwork is made in the form of an oblong shield; during installation, the elements are fastened together using metal fasteners (nails and self-tapping screws). Coniferous wood is chosen, planed edged boards with a thickness of 25 mm are ideal, with a width of up to 150 mm.

Racks and frames of the form for a monolithic foundation are made of wooden bars - these elements ensure the stability of the shields during pouring of the concrete solution.

It is very important to use high-moisture lumber for the manufacture of formwork - this is necessary so that the tree does not absorb moisture from the concrete solution, which will greatly degrade the quality of the hardening concrete solution.

Installation rules

During installation, it is very important to comply with existing building codes and rules - this will help to pour a strong and reliable foundation of monolithic reinforced concrete:

It is not allowed to install the support posts of the formwork panels on dug up or bulk soil, it is required to ensure the reliability and stability of the structure, for which, on problematic soils, it is necessary to place cuttings of boards under the support posts.
The shields must remain unchanged for a sufficiently long period, taking into account the impact on them of the mass of concrete poured into the structure, so the wooden formwork can be strengthened by placing braces, racks and supports.
In subsidence and heaving soils, the form is mounted on special foundation cuts, buried below the freezing point of the soil.

Installation work

It is convenient to mark the formwork at the construction site with pegs with a construction cord or fishing line pulled over them. It is very important to remember that the foundation should be 10-15 cm wider than the walls. Each action should be checked with a level and a laser level - this way you can ensure the most even arrangement of the formwork panels.

The formwork can only be set correctly using a level, which should be periodically checked for possible displacement of the panels during installation.

You can start installing shields only on level ground, securing each shield with the help of trimmings of reinforcement and wooden retaining pegs. Shields are fastened with reinforcing bars from the inside - after concreting, the reinforcement will serve additional element reinforcement to give vertical rigidity. Watch the video on how to mount the formwork without errors.

The lower edges of the formwork panels should fully rest on the upper surface of the ground, and adjacent elements should have the closest possible fit to each other.

The side panels are pulled together with the help of special couplers from a bar, which is strengthened over the formwork panels from above. Screeds are installed after 0.5 - 1.0 meters.

How to correctly set the formwork panels according to the level

Usually, the formwork rises 30 cm above ground level, it is very important to set the panels as evenly as possible so that there are no height differences on the foundation surface. All formwork installation operations should be checked for level. It is very important to level the upper edge of the formwork, for which a stake is driven in the center of the building, on which the zero mark of the foundation is marked. Then, using a tubular level, the marks are placed on the surface of the formwork panels or stakes. Concrete should be poured into the structure according to the risks involved.

When the concrete mixture hardens and gains strength, the shields can be dismantled, usually this happens 14-15 days after the concrete is poured.

When arranging formwork for the foundation, it is better not to skimp in the work, otherwise the durability of the built house will be in jeopardy.

Advantages and disadvantages of the design. Types of formwork. Fixed formwork for foundations, walls and ceilings.

Many experts advise using this particular type of plywood when assembling formwork with their own hands. For walls, a slightly different technology is used, but for the foundation, this option is the most acceptable. Another advantage of the FSF is that it can be used several times. It is not recommended to sheathe the interior of the room with such plywood.

Before the beginning installation work standard calculations are required. These include determining the amount of material needed and finding its final cost. It is important to consider the type of raw material that will be used to make the formwork. OSB boards, plywood, chipboard, boards - all these materials have a different cost.

OSB formwork is most often used in private construction, since this material is not suitable for large projects due to poor resistance to moisture. Calculating the number of boards is very simple. To do this, first of all, it is necessary to divide the perimeter of the planned foundation by the length wood detail. Next, you need to divide the height of the base by the width of the wooden board.

Expanded polystyrene blocks for formwork are very quickly mounted

The last thing to do is to multiply the two values obtained earlier. The result will correspond to the number of boards that you need to purchase. Experts recommend adding a small margin (about 10%) to the calculated data.

Note! One cubic meter of boards holds an average of 40 to 65 products.

In order to determine the cost, you need to multiply the price value by the number of cubic meters of lumber needed to install the formwork for the foundation.

Other costs should be added to the resulting figure. For example, to assemble a forming structure, a certain amount of timber is required. And also to strengthen the formwork, wooden spacers are used. Purchasing costs additional materials can amount in some cases to 40-50% of the total price of plywood sheets and boards. The final cost calculation also includes the cost of purchasing tools and elements that will be used to fix the individual components of the formwork.

Before starting the assembly of a removable forming structure, it is necessary to purchase the appropriate tools and materials, and it is also worth preparing the area that was determined for the installation of the foundation. The most common is the tape base. For the manufacture of removable formwork, the following materials will be required:

Before starting the construction of the formwork, it is necessary to purchase the appropriate tools and materials

The calculation of materials for organizing the formwork of the strip foundation is carried out based on the dimensions of the future foundation. It is necessary to take into account several requirements that allow you to correctly perform the forming structure. The height of the formwork assembled from plywood must exceed the level of the plinth by 50 mm. Spacers are installed at a strictly defined distance from each other (700-1000 mm).

It is important to remember that there should be as many stakes as there are side supports. Shields in the corners are fixed to each other. For this, side jumpers are used. When organizing the formwork, a dense film made of polyethylene material is used. It must cover all inner part fences. Before you get started, it is recommended to watch training videos on how to properly make the foundation.

Preparation of the place where the foundation will be cast includes several types of work. First of all, you need to dig a ditch in the ground. The trench must match the design depth. At the same time, it is required that the width of the ditch has a margin that is 10 cm higher than that of the future strip base.

Next, you need to level and compact the earth at the bottom of the trench. Then its walls are aligned. One of the most important conditions for pouring the foundation is the organization of a special cushion of gravel and sand at the bottom of the ditch. Standard Width this layer is 10-15 cm.

The most commonly used formwork material is planks.

Note! Not all buildings require the organization of the foundation using a formative structure. In some cases, it is possible to pour the foundation without formwork. This foundation is suitable for all kinds of temporary buildings. The technology of such construction takes into account the digging of a trench, the laying of polyethylene and reinforcement.

In the soil, which has a high density coefficient, a trench is made corresponding to the width of the concrete belt. Moreover, the formwork in this case should be located above the soil level.

Installation of a removable structure most often takes into account its reuse. If this is not necessary, then you can purchase a non-separable polystyrene foam form. It is quite difficult to do this work on your own. To do this, you need to draw up a competent project and clearly follow the instructions for organizing the formwork of the base. Let's consider each stage of work in more detail.

First of all, it is necessary to make shields, which are the main forming elements. Nails are used for fastening. The height of the shields should be slightly larger than that of the base (about 10 cm). In order to understand the features of the assembly of the forming structure, it is recommended to study the relevant photos and videos. Do-it-yourself formwork for the foundation is strengthened with wooden stakes. As mentioned above, their step is approximately 70-100 cm. The distance from the foundation to the stakes should be approximately 1 meter.

Next, you need to place the shields along the edges of the ditch and tie them to the stakes using special jumpers. Then the fence is leveled in a vertical plane, for which you will need to use the building level. After that, the structure is fixed to the mowing.

In some cases, it is possible to pour the foundation without formwork

At the next stage, the internal cavity of the formwork is covered with a dense plastic film. The edges of the canvas are fixed with a construction stapler. Next, you need to place a reinforcing lattice in the intermediate space. When installing formwork for a strip foundation with your own hands, you may need to add it under reinforcement wooden poles, whose height is 5 cm.

Note! Before pouring, it is necessary to organize passages for communications. For this, round sleeves are used.

After laying the reinforcing grid, plywood panels should be pulled together with wire. It is worth noting that if the foundation has rounded areas, then in this case it will be necessary to bend the plywood to achieve the desired shape.

During the assembly of the forming structure, it is necessary to comply with certain requirements that are put forward to the dimensions. All possible deviations from the norms should be taken into account. Otherwise, an unstable form may result, which subsequently negatively affects technical specifications grounds. So, there are special requirements for the manufacture of formwork.

How to make a foundation? It is important to remember that the deviation of the panel structure in the vertical plane should not exceed 5 mm per 1 meter of height. Quite often, inexperienced craftsmen make a mistake related to the location of the boards in areas with a natural slope of the earth. The upper formwork board in this case should be located strictly horizontally. Repetition of the slope is strictly not allowed.

Formwork for walls is not yet widely used in construction.

There are also clear restrictions on the displacement of the forming structure from its original position. The maximum allowable offset is 15 mm. When installing boards, you need to take into account that the differences between them should not exceed 3 mm.

How to put formwork on a site with loose soil? In this case, it is necessary to make a wider ditch, along the sides of which additional spacers must be arranged.

If desired, at the stage of formwork assembly, it is possible to insulate the future base. To do this, use any suitable, inexpensive material (for example, foam). In this case, the trench expands in accordance with the thickness of the insulating material.

In the case of organizing a foundation without formwork, suitable reinforcement is selected in the ground, from which the lattice is constructed. It is not recommended to use this technology if the soil on the site does not have sufficient density.

During installation fixed formwork It must be remembered that the most important criterion is its tightness. If this is neglected, then the thermal insulation qualities of a non-separable structure will greatly decrease.

The forming structure is used not only for pouring the foundation of residential and commercial buildings. The need for formwork is also present during the installation of some protective structures. The solid base of the fence guarantees the protection of the site from the entry of unauthorized persons.

The erection of a fence is not complete without pouring the foundation

Before starting the installation of the formwork, in this case, it will also be necessary to carry out some preparation. The first step is to mark the perimeter of the future structure. Then, soil preparation is carried out, which involves the removal of vegetation, stones, debris and other obstacles that may interfere with the installation of formwork under the fence.
Next, you can start digging a trench. In this case, it is worth considering a few rules. At the points corresponding to the installation of supporting elements (pillars), the depth should reach 80 cm. The same indicator for spans is 50 cm.

Note! After organizing the trench, it is necessary to fill it with sand and gravel to prepare a special pillow .

How to build a formwork for the foundation of the fence yourself? At home, making this device is not so difficult. Even a person who does not have the appropriate experience can cope with such work. To organize the forming structure under the base of the fence, a step-by-step algorithm of actions should be followed.

The first step is to strengthen the waterproofing qualities of the wood from which the formwork will be made. For this purpose, used engine oil is most often used. Next is the installation of vertical stakes. The distance between them should be at least 50 cm, but not more than 1 meter.

A foundation is needed even for a corrugated fence

Then the installation of support racks from the timber is carried out and the shields are fixed to them. For fixing in this case, ordinary nails or self-tapping screws are used. At the next stage, it is necessary to tighten the shield fence with wire and install the reinforcing mesh.

After mounting the reinforcement, the upper part of the frame is fixed. For this purpose, apply wooden blocks. In the corners there are staples that perform a fastening function. On final stage you need to close the gaps in the structure. This completes the installation of the formwork for the base of the fence.

Self-installation of formwork for the foundation of a residential or outbuilding requires serious preparation. In addition to drawing up a plan, you should calculate the number necessary materials. Before assembling this design, it is recommended to study all possible videos on this topic.