Locksmith's hammer. Components of a hammer, types of hammers. Which hammer to choose? Vasily U. review

Hammer V au pair- an indispensable thing, especially if you are used to doing a lot with your own hands. With the help of this simple tool, you can perform not only the usual operations for us, for example, to hammer in a nail, but also many other works, because today there is a very many different hammers in for various applications. Let's figure out what types of hammers are, what is their purpose, and try to decide how to choose a hammer.

1. Hammer design and main materials

The first hammer appeared a very long time ago. We can say that this is the first of the tools that people used for their needs. We all saw a hammer, held it in our hands many times and know that the simplest hammer consists of two main elements: handle and head.
Head has an asymmetrical shape, one part of it has a sharp point, which is called a wedge, and the other part is flat or slightly convex, it is called a striker. This is the main impact part of the hammer which is the main work. It has sufficient strength and area to withstand repeated impacts on hard surfaces. wedge-shapedPart a hammer is used to split something or when chasing. Its shape allows you to develop a greater impact force due to the smaller area of ​​​​the contact surface.

In the center of the head there is a special hole for attaching the handle, which is called ride. Usually it is made in the form of a round or oval hole, which smoothly passes into a cone. After attaching the head to the handle, the part of it that protrudes from the hole is wedged so that it completely occupies the internal cavity of the saddle. Such a mount prevents the head from falling off.

In order to ensure high strength and durability of the head, it is made made of high strength metal by forging, casting or milling, followed by heat treatment. Special hardening modes allow you to achieve high surface strength with a sticky core. The hardened surface layer reaches 3-5 mm. This structure provides high hardness, but at the same time protects head from fragility. For protection heads from corrosion it is galvanized or special types of paints are used.

universalmaterial for the manufacture of handles the hammer has always been wood. It is very durable, does not slip in your hand and has a long service life, and if you still break the handle during use, it is very easy to replace or even make it yourself. Very important so that the fibers of the wood from which the handle is made are perpendicular to the head. In this case, if it breaks, you will not be injured. Breed tree should be a certain kind. For these purposes, beech, birch, ash, oak, hornbeam, maple or mountain ash are well suited. Unsuitable species are pine, aspen, alder and spruce.

There are handles made of metal or plastic, and more modern hammers are produced with fiberglass handles. This new material, which proved to be very good in use. It does not slip in the hand and helps to reduce the force of recoil upon impact. Metal handles are hollow inside, have the shape of a circle in cross section, and for convenience of work, are covered with rubber. Plastic handles are also covered with a layer of rubber. Plastic, metal or fiberglass handles have two advantages in front of a tree: they do not dry out over time and are not subject to swelling when in contact with water. Choose depending on what material is more convenient and pleasant for you to work with. The main thing is that the handle is much lighter than the head and has the appropriate length.

2. Locksmith hammer and its purpose

Design locksmith's hammer detailed in the first paragraph. This is the simplest and common type working tool. He intended for hammering, breaking, bending or straightening parts. The pointed edge in the form of a wedge allows you to drive a nail with a small head and work in a hard-to-reach place where the wide part of the head does not fit.

The striker of a locksmith's hammer can have not only a square, but also a round shape in cross section. The square type has one flaw- if at the moment of impact you warped the hammer and the inclined angle fell on the surface of the material being processed, a dent will certainly remain on it. Such defects are especially upsetting when assembling new furniture.

Since the locksmith's hammer is designed to apply multiple series of blows, it must be completedfrom very durable material. Perfect fit chrome vanadiumsteel, which has increased hardness, which will help to avoid deformation or destruction of the striker. Weight locksmith's hammer ranges from depending on its number. Total exists five numbers, weight No. 1 - 200 g, No. 5 - 800 g. The weight of the hammer is chosen depending on the type of work and the physical strength of the worker. Lengthhandles, on average, is 300-400 mm.

3. Carpenter's hammer

Design carpenter's hammer It has distinguishing feature . A special slot is made at one of its ends, which can have a different breeding angle and slightly curved edges. This bifurcation serves to extract nails from the required surface. Hammers with a large angle of dilution of the groove are called Californian, and with a smaller angle - European. But not all carpenter's hammers are designed as a nail puller at one end. There are tools with regular wedge at the end and a perfectly even striker.

Handle May be completed made of wood, metal or rubber-coated plastic, which serve to prevent slipping in the hand. Such hammers are considered rather not percussion, but precision instruments. Weight its head lies in the range of 100-800 gr in increments of 50 g.

A carpenter's hammer can look extremely simple - the impact part tool steel and a wooden handle, or have a more ergonomic shape and some additional features. For example, its handle can be made made of high strength material fiberglass or carbon, and the shock part - from titanium or other high strength steel with special anti-corrosion coating and undergone special heat treatment. As additional function there may be a holder for nails, which will allow you to work with one hand. And its design can be foldable or collapsible, making it very compact and easy to store.

4. Sledgehammer

This the biggest, powerful and heavy type of hammer.Weight such a tool can reach 4-10 kg, but there are more serious tools that have a weight of the working part and up to 16 kg. Their apply for jobs that require high impact force but little precision, such as dismantling partition walls, old tiles, crushing concrete or stone, driving posts into the ground, driving wedges and other hard work.

Head this tool is completed made of high strength steel by forging followed by heat treatment in the form of hardening to the required hardness and can be in the form of a parallelepiped or an ordinary hammer. By the way, hardened layer depth after hardening reaches 30 mm. The handle has a larger diameter and length compared to previous models, which means two-handed operation.

Length the handle is directly proportional to the weight of the working part of the sledgehammer: the higher it is, the longer the handle and can reach 120 cm, but usually is in the range of 80-90 cm. The cheapest sledgehammers have a wooden handle, but can also be all-metal.

Hole into which the handle is inserted, has a conical shape and the handle itself is inserted from above and does not need to be wedged. This assembly method is completely prevents slipping massive head. When working with a sledgehammer, you must be extremely careful, because it is considered a traumatic tool. Varieties sledgehammers some, but the most used is a blunt-nosed sledgehammer weighing 2-16 kg, longitudinal or sharp-nosed transverse, which weigh from 3 to 8 kg. Preferred handle option- rubberized, it is more expensive than wood, but the tool will be securely held in hands and dampen vibration during impacts.

5. Mallet

This type of hammers can also be attributed to straightening hammers. They are meant for alignment iron products that have undergone deformation, drainage systems, roofing works and other works related to the use sheet metal.

Such a tool has one very interesting feature . The impact part of the straightening hammer is made with an internal cavity, which is filled with sand or fine shot. This structure made it possible to completely dampen the inertia of the hammer during impact. When working, it does not bounce off the surface and practically “sticks” to it. Such hammers got the name inertial. They are made of rubber or polyurethane, and some models are made of metal with interchangeable heads made of a softer material.

mallets are intended for locksmith and carpentry work, namely for straightening, leveling or fitting large elements made of soft metals or wood. shock part tool completed made of rubber or hardwood such as birch or elm. Rubber can be either black or white. Whitemallets It is preferable, since dark stripes can remain on light surfaces from hitting with black rubber.

As handle material wood, plastic or metal is used, usually the handle has the shape of a circle in cross section. Depending on destination mallets may have different shape shock part. Carpentry tools are cylindrical or barrel-shaped, while locksmith's mallets have one side wedge-shaped. The advantage of these types of hammers is that they do not leave dents or marks on the work surface.

When choosing mallets must be guided by the type of work performed. If these are more precise actions, then a tool of small weight from 220 to 450 g is enough for you, if you need more impact force, then pay attention to a tool weighing from 900 to 1000 g. Price policy This type of hammer is very different, but you should not choose the most expensive mallet. You will hardly be able to detect differences from the medium pricing tool, which means that you will overpay for the “name”.

6. Pick or pick

This hand tool use for working with hard materials, namely, with stone or rocky soil, for the dismantling of old masonry and many other hard work. Design picks are very simple. It consists of their shock part and handle. The shock part can be bilateral or unilateral. The second option will look like a long spike, at the end of which there will be a rounding or a regular hammer. A double-sided pick has either two symmetrical long spikes, or a spike and a narrow blade. In any embodiment, the spikes will be slightly bent, and arc. This design is more efficient and allows you to reduce the recoil force during impact.

A hammer is an indispensable tool in the household. The ideal option would be if the set contains a set of several of its varieties at once, which will greatly facilitate the implementation of many highly specialized works. But for solving many everyday tasks, the most ordinary tool is quite enough - it is called a metalwork.

Peculiarities

A locksmith's hammer is a reliable and functional percussion tool used to hammer or break various objects, in the first case it is most often a nail, and in the second - hard-to-separate fasteners. In addition, hammers have found application for impact work, for example, when manipulating a screwdriver equipped with a thrust bearing or with a chisel. The mass and dimensions of the hammer are determined by the current standard - GOST 23-10-77. Here the definition of the term "locksmith" is given - that is, intended for the needs of the national economy. The weight of the metalwork tool varies from 50 to 1000 g.

The hammer consists of the following parts:

• head - for impact on the processed base;
• wedge - holds the head and protects it from flying off when swinging;
• handle - needed to facilitate the work, as well as increase the parameters of the order.

The head of a locksmith's hammer has its own design characteristics. She has a pair of endings - a striker and a toe, which are responsible for carrying out a variety of manipulations. The striker can be square or round, a thin toe in most cases has a triangular or cylindrical section, at the very end it is slightly rounded. The head is made of steel grades U7 or 50, it is possible to use other alloys if they are in no way inferior to the above in their physical and technical features. An indispensable condition is that the head must have a special protective coating, most often it is galvanized, in addition the metal can be coated with phosphate or oxide compounds, after which the head is dried and painted with special enamels. The wedge is also made of steel.

For better grip with the handle, it contains grooves, which are also called ruffs.

Handles can be of three types: oval, oval with a narrowing or having a rectangular section. Depending on the dimensions of the heads, the width of the handle varies from 20 to 40 cm. Household models are usually made with dimensions of 25–35 cm, in which case the head usually weighs 10–40 g.

They should be massive, but elastic, in order to reduce the load on a person during manipulations. The wood of maple, mountain ash, as well as dogwood, ash or oak differs in similar properties. No cracks are allowed on the handle of such a tool, as well as at the points of its connection with the head.

Types and purpose

Locksmith hammers are available in different weights. Tools weighing 300-500 g are suitable for a locksmith's home workshop, because their capabilities are quite enough for most household work. However, experts recommend not being limited to one hammer, but having several models with different weights, since the purpose of the device depends on this.

For example, hammers weighing 50–300 g are optimal for tool work, and products weighing 400–600 g are indispensable for carpentry.

Depending on the shape, hammers of several varieties are also distinguished. So, one of the popular options has rectangular shape and a square striker, the second one is slightly convex, the striker is rounded. The former have a fairly low cost, they are much easier to use, so they are widely used among both amateurs and experienced craftsmen. However, for hammers with a rounded head, the striking side has a slight advantage, due to which the accuracy and power of the blow increase. According to the current GOSTs, tools with a round striker and options with a spherical toe are also produced, but these models are quite rare on sale.

How is it different from carpentry?

Closest to the locksmith's hammer is the carpenter's hammer. A locksmith's hammer with a square hammer is indispensable for manipulating wood, and with a round one it is designed for sheet iron. The carpenter's hammer has a difference, which lies in the shape of the sock - it is bifurcated, therefore it is often used as a nail puller.

Its mass is 650–700 g, while a metalwork tool can weigh from 250 to 800 g.

In addition to locksmith and carpentry, there are also such hammer options:

• a sledgehammer is the most dimensional percussion tool used for knocking out partitions, various kinds of recesses, removing obsolete tiles and other similar work; its mass varies from 1 to 1.5 kg;
• jackhammer - the smallest, its weight does not exceed 200 g; it is used exclusively for working with small nails.

How to choose?

A locksmith's hammer is a rather dangerous tool, so its choice should be approached very carefully.

• The first thing you need to find out when buying is the mass and dimensions of the working part necessary for the implementation of specific work. If you get a hammer with a light strike, then the blow will have insufficient strength, if the striker is too heavy, then, on the contrary, working with it will tire you too quickly. In addition, massive hammers often spoil the bases.
• When buying a metalwork hammer, the material from which its working part is made is of no small importance. In accordance with GOST, butts cannot be produced by casting. The locksmith's hammer, according to the standards, must be strictly one-piece forged, and the steel alloy must be hardened and then tempered. Hardening is carried out by cooling at high speed - as a result of these manipulations, the material will acquire internal tension, so it is additionally heated to +200 degrees and allowed to cool completely - this process is called release. Tempering slightly reduces the density, but such a hammer is more practical and durable than those made from conventional alloys.

• Pay attention to the handle. Most modern models include plastic ones, but you can often find a tool with polyurethane paint or fiberglass on sale. However, according to experts, the classic wooden handle is the best, since various pegs can always be driven into the wood to make it more secure with the striker. A good option is products with a fiberglass handle - this material is considered a separate type of fiberglass with polyester resins in the composition. This is a durable and fairly durable material with a long service life. Its strength is 9-10 times that of plastic and 4 times that of aluminum. Handles made of this material are not deformed.

Nowadays, on the shelves of any hardware store you can find the widest selection of metalwork hammers from various manufacturers.

• The most popular model is Brigadier 41-314. This tool is designed for a wide range of carpentry work. It has a square head, is made by forging, coated with a phosphate composition, and weighs approximately 500 g. It is a classic tool because it does not have any innovative solutions, but it is very reliable, practical and durable. Products of this brand are widely demanded for all types of domestic and some professional work.

Important! In addition to this model, the manufacturer offers a large selection of hammers of different weights with wooden and plastic handles.

• In the ranking of the most popular modifications, one of the leading positions is occupied by a hammer Habero 600 IH-500 used to perform a fairly wide range of work. The head of such an instrument is made of a chrome-vanadium alloy, is distinguished by exceptionally high hardness, and is usually covered with dark varnish. The shape of the striker is square. The popularity of the tool is explained not only by its functionality, but also by the price - on average, the cost of a hammer on the market is 200-250 rubles.

In general, trading platforms offer big number tools from a variety of manufacturers.

All of them differ in weight, dimensions and purpose, you can make any choice. The main thing is that the hammer is made of quality materials, had an ergonomic structure and was durable.

Subtleties of use

Unfortunately, the "Soviet" labor lessons have gone deep into the past and in a rare school boys are taught to handle construction tools. It is not surprising that many people start work incorrectly, which often causes injuries. To get started, remember the following rules:

• when carrying out any work, use only a specialized hammer, for example, you should not buy a tool weighing 900 g for furniture upholstery, models weighing 200 g are unsuitable for making tables and chairs;
• it is strictly forbidden to use the tool if the striker is staggering - with a swing, it can fly off and greatly harm others;
• do not use a hammer if it has cracks, deformations and chips.

Now let's look at the basic rules of work.

The hammer has three components - head, handle and connector. The main part of the hammer is the head. It is made from tool steel. The striker is hardened in water, and the nail puller is hardened in oil. This allows you to provide the striker with strength, and the nail puller with plasticity. The hammer head must be made by forging or forging. To avoid corrosion of the metal of the head, it is coated with a special varnish. The hammer head has different shapes - flat, serrated and convex. A hammer has a convex shape, which is designed to perform strikes on another plumbing tool. The flat-shaped striker has a hammer with which nails are hammered. The serrated surface of the striker prevents it from sliding on the nail. In addition, the hammer head may have different weight. Almost every craftsman has hammers with a head of various weights. From the hammer handle depends on the ease of use of the instrument. The handle can be made from wood, fiberglass or steel. The most popular are wooden hammer handles. The raw material for the manufacture of a wooden handle can be birch, beech, maple, oak, ash or American walnut (hickory). The fibers of the wood from which the handle is made must be directed perpendicular to the head. If the handle breaks, injury to the worker is excluded. The steel handle should be oval in section and hollow inside. The oval shape of the hammer handle gives it greater strength and durability. From above it is covered with rubber. Preference should be given to a hammer, the steel handle of which was covered with heated rubber. After cooling, such rubber tightly fits the steel handle of the hammer. Sometimes voids are specially left between the metal handle and the rubber, which play the role of shock absorbers in the case when strong blows are made with a hammer. Fiberglass handles, like steel ones, are coated with rubber. This material is convenient in that it does not dry out and does not swell from moisture, like wood. The hammer head is fixed on the handle with wedges of various shapes. The most reliable mount is when the wedge is located diagonally at the widest point. In hammers designed for professionals, the head is attached to the handle by means of an annular wedge. This method of fastening is able to withstand heavy loads. In some cases, the hammer handle is pressed into the head. This mount is one of the most reliable. The junction of the head and handle must be filled with epoxy glue. This improves the quality of the attachment of the handle and hammer head. Some models of hammers have a steel plate, which should prevent moisture from entering the handle. It is screwed to the handle with a screw.

Types of hammers

It would seem, what problems can arise when choosing a hammer? But modern manufacturers they produce so many models that an inexperienced person's eyes can run wide at the sight of this variety. On which model should you choose? Check out a few tips and the process of choosing a hammer will be simplified. The hammer is one of the oldest tools invented by people. Ancient can only be a stick with which they dug holes. At first, in order to crush something, stones were used. Then, someone guessed to tie a stone to a stick. Work has become much more convenient. Currently the most commonly used metalwork and joiner's hammers. The locksmith's hammer has different strikers. On the one hand, the striker is flat, and on the other, it is narrow, pointed. A narrow head makes it easier to drive nails with a small head or in places where a wide head simply cannot reach. Carpenter's hammer, on the one hand has a wide striker, and on the other hand a narrow bifurcated striker. With such a striker, you can easily pull out a hammered nail. The bifurcation angle can be of two types: Californian, with a large angle, and European, with a small one. There is also a hammer for stone work - this is pick. Such a hammer is necessary for a bricklayer in order to change the size of bricks, cinder blocks and other building materials. The striker on one side of such a hammer is usually wide, and on the other side it is flat. Sometimes, for the convenience of work, a ruler is applied to the handles of such hammers. At plasterers- a kind of hammer. The strikers of such a hammer are flat on both sides. With such a hammer it is convenient to remove old plaster from the walls. Sledgehammer This is a hammer with a large head. They are used when a large impact force is needed. Kiyanka- a hammer whose head is made of rubber or wood. With such a hammer, you can apply light blows to the surface of the material, or to another tool. From a rich assortment of hammers, one can distinguish hammers for roofing, welding, and glass work.

A variety of types of hammers simplify the construction and installation work. Performing a simple impact function, due to various configurations and materials, this simple tool is indispensable in many areas (locksmith, carpentry, tin, roofing and other highly specialized). In this review, we will consider the main types of percussion instruments, get acquainted with the selection criteria and application features.

How to choose a hammer?

A hammer can perform more than one function, but several at once:

• Hammering nails or other fasteners (dowel, slate nail).
• Removing mortar from walls and splitting bricks.
• Sheet metal straightening.
• Work with tiles and parquet.

For tool work, hammers weighing from 50 to 300 grams are used. For locksmith work, samples weighing 400 - 500 grams are suitable. A tool weighing 600 - 800 grams is used for repair work. Sledgehammers weighing 4-16 kg are indispensable for dismantling.

Before buying a hammer, you need to carefully check it. On quality tool there should be no traces after hitting the metal. The fastening of the components must be strong, without backlash.

Usually, hardwoods (birch, beech, oak, mountain ash, maple, yew) are used for the manufacture of handles. The wood must be smooth, with a texture that allows you to comfortably hold the tool in your hands. A quality wooden handle should not have cracks.

The reinforced plastic handle is more durable than the others and does not allow loosening of the working part. A durable all-metal hammer should have a rubber-coated handle. This dampens vibrations from impacts and prevents accidental electric shock.

Characteristics, types and purpose of the tool

Hammers vary in shape, weight and material. Summarized data on tool modifications are presented in the following table:

Name	Dimensions	Average weight	Application
Hammer	The height of the hammer in mm depends on the weight of the woman and is from 1830 mm to 3500 mm	From 0.5 kg to 9 kg, in large forges from 40 to 100 kg, in steel and iron works up to 50 tons	For striking when breaking stones, forging metals
	Standard design	300-500 gr - for home and domestic use, more massive - 2 kg	Work with metal products, production of blows on a chopping tool or on a core
carpenter's hammer	Handle length - from 20-30 cm	250-450 gr	For hammering or extracting nails in joinery or carpentry
Mallet (wooden mallet)	130×90×60mm	300 gr	Assembly, dismantling, molding of materials and structures
	Volumetric tool	3 to 15 kg	Dismantling and installation work (breaking walls, driving posts and pipes into the ground)
Fizdel's hammer	The impact part of the hammer ends with a steel ball Ø17.5 mm	250 gr	Concrete Strength Test
Kashkarov's hammer	253×40×53mm	1.5 kg	Testing the compressive strength of concrete by the shock method
rock hammer	290 mm	600 gr	In rock climbing, mountaineering, speleology, for stuffing and removing rock hooks, processing the edges of rock ledges, punching bolt holes
Jackhammer	Average shank size Ø 24 mm, length 70 mm	3 to 30 kg	Cutting openings and niches in the walls, dismantling of brick-concrete capital structures, destruction of frozen or heavy soil, removal of the old roadway
Roofing hammers	300×120×50mm	0.6 - 0.75 kg	For roofing work, leveling and sealing seams

The main types of hammers

A typical percussion tool used in the household and workshops is made from a carbon steel billet with a hole in the middle (except solid cast ones). The working part of almost all samples has a toe in the form of a wedge and a striker of various shapes (usually round or square). Depending on the shape and purpose of the working part, the tool has its own classification, presented below.

A versatile tool used in many applications. Due to its practicality, it is the most used hammer. In addition to driving nails, they are also convenient for bending and leveling sheet metal. The weight of such a tool made of steel ranges from 250 grams to 1.1 kilograms. The design is ordinary - a steel percussion element is fixed on the handle. Additional forging below the working part prevents the wooden handles from deforming in case of an unsuccessful shock trajectory. The modern locksmith version of the handle is a rubber-insulated pipe made of metal or heavy-duty plastic.

Sledgehammer (entrenching hammer)

It is used when laying wooden parquet, for greater cohesion of boards and planks to each other. The peculiarity of this tool is that its work is carried out on the front side of the parquet and the blows inflicted by it should be as invisible as possible. A damping material is glued to the striker of such a hammer, which avoids deformation of the edges. parquet board. There are varieties that have special legs that can slide on parquet floors fixing the tool at the required height.

mallet, rubber mallet

Straightening hammer

The peculiarity of these hammers is the variety of interchangeable color heads. Depending on the respective application, it is possible to select the required hardness and size of the head (soft elastomer or medium-hard polyurethane). With these hammers, it is possible to carry out measured individual blows both on sensitive materials such as wood, plastic or aluminium, as well as strong blows during casting or in heavy industry. The tool is used: in working with windows, light alloy structures, furniture; when finishing rooms, repairing cars, tin and assembly operations.

In addition to traditional percussion products, there are also very specific, highly specialized ones. As an example, a hammer for working in zero gravity. It is specially made in such a way that it does not bounce when it hits. To do this, it is filled with metal shot.

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In conclusion, a few words about safety. While working, hold the hammer at the end of the handle firmly. Keep an eye on the condition of the tool and do not stick your hands to the place of impact. Wear gloves and use pliers to hold the nails in hard-to-reach places. Naturally, some will dismiss elementary recommendations, but others will remember a couple of broken fingers and cases of a poorly fixed working part flying out.

Hammer- the most common tool in construction, used in a variety of its areas and directions. But the hammer is used not only in construction, it is applicable to people both in everyday life and the economy, as well as in various spheres of human activity.

They hammer, level, bend, break, upholster with a hammer ... It is impossible to list all the types of work that are performed using this tool.

Hammer

A simple design tool used by man since ancient times. The main property of the hammer is the ability to significantly increase the force of impact and apply it pointwise.

The hammer translates into English as Hammer.

For certain work, it is worth using hammers of the appropriate purpose. The right hammer affects not only the speed of the work, but also the quality.

The hammer is a traumatic tool, so when working with it, you must follow a number of safety rules:

• Do not play with a hammer and fool around. In general, the most serious injuries occur in these situations;
• Never work with a broken hammer or with hammers whose head is not fixed and may fly off;
• Never use a chipped or cracked hammer.

hammer device

The design of the hammer is simple. As a rule, it includes two components: the head of the hammer (striker) and the handle.

Also, depending on the material of the hammer handle, it can be used additional element mounts. For example, for hammers with wooden handle, wedges are additionally used in the construction of the hammer.

The main element in the design of this tool is the hammer head. It comes in a variety of shapes, types and weights. For hammers with metal heads, they are made from special tool steel by forging or die forging. In this case, the head part of the head is hardened in water, and the side with the nail puller is hardened in oil. This technology makes it possible in the future during operation to provide the hammer striker with strength, and plasticity for the nail puller. At the end, the product is opened with a special varnish to prevent corrosion.

The part of the hammer head which is directly struck is called the striker.

The striker can have a very different shape - flat, convex or serrated.

The flat shape of the striker is designed for driving (eg nails). Convex shape - on hammers designed to perform strikes on another tool. With a serrated surface of the striker - designed to prevent slipping.

In addition, the hammer head can be of different weights.

As for the handle, it can be made of different materials: wooden, plastic and metal. The handle affects the convenience of working with a hammer. It should be light in weight (relative to the head) and be of appropriate length.

Windows of hardware stores show a variety of hammer handles and it is impossible to single out the most common material for handles.

Types of hammers

According to their diversity, purpose and application, there are a very large number of types of hammers. We will omit such types of hammers as kitchen, medical, shoe and the like, but we will try to mention all types of hammers used in construction.

locksmith's hammer

This is a classic-shaped hammer, where on one side of the head there is a flat striker, and on the other - a wedge-shaped one. The wedge-shaped side is called the spout.

Such a hammer is used almost everywhere and by weight it has the largest range of sizes from 200 g to over 1 kg.

Light hammers of small size are used for hammering small nails. They are used when installing wooden glazing beads, when working with lining (lining nails) and small-sized kleimers.

Heavier hammers are used almost everywhere: in everyday life, for bending metal, driving nails, in a variety of jobs.

Due to its practicality, this is the most common type of hammer.

Roofing hammers

There are a number of types of hammers that are called and referred to as roofing hammers. At the same time, they are not purely roofing hammers, they have a wider application and are used not only for roofing. But there are also specific unique hammers made specifically for working with some roofing materials.

Hammer with nail puller

This hammer can be called roofing and carpentry.

Its uniqueness lies in the fact that it has a round, convex striker shape, and on the other hand, a nail puller. Such features of this hammer create convenience when working with nails, which is in demand in roofing and carpentry.

It is very convenient and practical for the installation of lathing and shingles.

In size, these are average weights of 500-600 grams.

Suitable for driving nails up to 150 mm in size.

It is worth noting that low-quality hammers of this type are very common on sale. They are cheap in price. They are light in weight and have a low-quality connection with the head. As a result, they break literally after the second blow or at the first attempt to pull out the nail.

But do not abuse the nail puller and high-quality hammers. They can also break under heavy loads. This applies to pulling out nails larger than 150 mm for regular building (glossy) nails and 100 mm for ruffed or screw nails.

In addition to the roofing hammer, I also received folk names sharp-toothed hammer, fang, sharp-nosed hammer.

This hammer has collected the functionality necessary for conventional roofing work.

It has a serrated striker that prevents slipping when hitting a nail.

The end part of the hammer head on the side of the striker is equipped with a groove for inserting a nail, which is convenient when it is not possible to hold the nail with the second hand:

The groove is intended for baiting a nail without holding it with the other hand. It has the contours of a nail and it has a magnet that prevents the nail from falling out.

On the side of the nail puller there is a sharp nose - this is an element from the classic slate hammer.

The weight of the hammer is 500-700 grams, which is suitable for hammering nails with a size of 35-150mm.

Sax

Another type of roofing hammer.

This hammer belongs to a specific type of tool and is used only for specialized work.

This hammer is designed and used specifically for the installation of slate roofing and slate.

The pointed nose of the hammer serves as a punch. Also on the hammer there is a nail puller. The handle of the hammer is rounded, which allows you to conveniently use all the functionality of the hammer.

Roof hammer for slate roofing

Hammer designed to work with slate roofing. On one side of the hammer head there is a serrated striker, and on the other side there is an ax with a nail puller:

A hatchet on a hammer is needed for hemming the edges of slate tiles, which must be done according to the technology, to eliminate traces of factory processing of slate.

Hammers for slate roofing are very diverse in shape and size.

mallets

Hammers are often wooden and rubber mallets, which are used in cases where damage to the surface of the material being worked on must be excluded.

The range of these hammers is simply huge. The variety in size and type of material is very large.

Hammers are used when working with fragile materials, as well as in order to avoid damage to the surface of a part, product or tool in contact with the striker.

Professional wooden mallets are made from larch.

Rubber mallet is mainly used when laying paving slabs and in automotive body repair.

Straightening hammer

Also, this hammer in narrow circles of professionals is called lyapka.

This is a special professional tool for working with thin sheet metal and tin.

The pads are different in size and shape. Selected for specific tasks.

Pick

The pickaxe is considered the hammer of masons.

A brick is briskly knocked out during laying, and with the opposite side in the form of a spatula, a brick is pricked to the required dimensions.

The pickaxe is also widely used for removing plaster and cleaning used bricks.

Sledgehammer

A sledgehammer is a heavyweight hammer. It is needed where impact force and brute force are required.

It has the popular names Mashka and Balda.

Compared to other hammers, the sledgehammer has a large body weight of up to 2.5 kg.

The range of work carried out by the sledgehammer is very large. It is used during dismantling work, for driving reinforcement, stakes to the eyeballs or iron supports.