Do-it-yourself foundation for a garage with a basement and a viewing hole. Projects of garages with a basement and an attic for the rational use of the area of ​​​​the site Floor plan for a garage with a basement

Garage construction

• Brick garage - from 16,000 rubles / m2
• Foam-Gas-concrete garage - from 11,000 rubles / m2
• Frame garage - from 8000 rubles / m2
• Garage from profiled timber - from 12,000 rubles / m2
• Glued laminated timber garage - from 16,000 rubles / m2
• Garage made of logs - from 13,000 rubles / m2
• Garage from reinforced concrete slabs - from 24,000 rubles / m2
• Metal garage (LSTK / Decking) - from 5,500 rubles / m2

Canopy construction

• Polycarbonate carport on iron poles- from 3300 rub/m2
• Cantilever carport - from 4700 rub/m2
• Forged carport - from 5100 rub/m2
• Canopy for a car made of corrugated board - from 4000 rubles / m2
• Carport made of metal tiles - from 4100 rub/m2
• Wooden carport - Custom

Roofing

garage foundation prices

• Strip foundation(height 60cm - thickness 30cm) - from 3000 rub/m.p.
• Strip foundation (height 80cm - thickness 40cm) - from 4350 rub/m.p.
• Monolithic slab (height 20cm) - from 3500 rub/m2
• Monolithic slab (height 30cm) - from 4360 rub/m2

The cost of one screw pile with screwing and concreting

• pile thickness 89 mm. + height 1.5m - 3,000 rubles.
• pile thickness 89 mm. + height 2.5m - 3,200 rubles.
• pile thickness 89 mm. + height 3m - 3 300 rubles.
• pile thickness 108 mm. + height 1.5m - 3,100 rubles.
• pile thickness 108 mm. + height 2.5m - 3,400 rubles.
• pile thickness 108 mm. + height 3m - 3 500 rubles.

Electric installation work

Finishing work

• Installing an electrical kit inside the garage - from 10,000 rubles.
• Production of garage concrete floors - from 25,000 rubles.
• Replacement. Production of wooden floors - from 20,000 rubles.
• Interior decoration garage dry lining - 800 rubles. per m2
• Manufacturing metal gate with a gate, painting - from 30,000 rubles.
• Set overhead sectional doors+ installation - from 45,000 rubles.
• Redecorating inside the garage - from 1500 rubles. per m2

A garage with a basement is a very convenient utility room, as it performs several functions at once. Here you can not only store vegetables and preserves, the basement is often used as a viewing hole for car repairs. Someone will be lucky to buy a garage with a ready-made cellar, while others often think about how to create a basement on their own.

It's not like that difficult task, as it may seem at first glance, the main thing is to take into account the features of the project and provide for some details, such as lighting, waterproofing and ventilation. In this case, the arrangement of the basement in the garage will be simple and not expensive.

Staircase to basement

The easiest way to design a cellar in the garage during the construction phase. That is, take into account the features at the preparatory stage.

The choice of material can be quite diverse, depending on the finances and the characteristics of the place chosen for construction. Foundation blocks, concrete or brick are suitable here. The main thing is that the material is suitable for such a project. For example, sand-lime brick should not be used, as it cannot be used in a damp basement environment.

The first thing to do to equip a garage with a basement is to dig a foundation pit. Its optimal depth is 2.5 meters, you can either dig it yourself or use an excavator. The main thing is that the walls of the pit are even, for this, in any case, you will have to use manual labor.

Pit in the garage

Next, the walls of the finished pit must be sheathed to prevent soil shedding during the pouring stage. Boards or plain boards are suitable here plastic film. It will not be superfluous to install formwork along the upper edge.

The foundation itself is best suited slab or using tape technology. To do this, a tape recess is dug around the perimeter with the so-called "heels" - deeper square pits - in the corners and every meter. After that, the surface is leveled, covered with sand, a film or roofing material is stretched and covered with a reinforcing mesh. Concrete is poured to the bottom. After complete drying, formwork for the walls is formed and also poured with concrete.

Now the basement is almost ready. You need to think about how to close the hole in the garage, which material is more suitable for your project. The easiest way is to use ready-made plates, and cut a hole in them to enter the cellar. After that, you can carry out external work on the installation of the garage construction and then start finishing work.

Covering with slabs

How to make a cellar if the garage is already built

If everything is quite simple and clear with a new garage, then how to make a vegetable pit in a garage that has already been built? Here the most important condition is not to damage the existing structure. This requires competent marking in order to dig a pit. The distance from the main walls should be at least 30 cm, ideally 50 cm. physical activity, since you can only dig a cellar in a garage manually, then all the same steps are repeated as for a cellar from scratch. The only exception is the cover.

Due to the size of the garage, you will have to do the flooring yourself, without using ready-made slabs. To do this, supports are installed in the future cellar, on which the formwork is laid, taking into account the opening for entering the basement. Next, the formwork must be poured with a layer of concrete of 35-40 cm so that the ceiling can withstand the car. This concludes the main stage, followed by interior decoration.

Basement in finished garage

Features of the construction and arrangement of the cellar

There are some nuances that are extremely important to consider during construction.

Garage waterproofing

Since any cellar has a fairly high level of humidity, when creating a garage project with a basement, this point is vital to take into account. In addition to the use of waterproofing materials and interlayers during the construction phase, there are several tricks that will make the cellar dry:

• to protect against groundwater, you need to create drainage system along the perimeter of the foundation;
• the most effective material for basement waterproofing is roofing material;
• during the initial waterproofing work, you can use 2 layers of roofing material by gluing them with resin;
• waterproofing material should extend beyond the boundaries of the cellar by at least 10 cm.

Reliable waterproofing is important not only because of the level of humidity in the basement, but also because the thermal insulation material and the entire finish are then laid on the waterproofing.

Upon completion of construction in the basement, you can install special device to help regulate humidity.

Important! Ventilation in the vegetable pit in the garage helps to maintain dryness. It needs to be considered at the construction stage. It can be a regular hood or an hood with an additional fan. You will also need supply pipes for the cellar and for the garage itself.

Waterproofing

How to equip stairs to the basement

The staircase in the garage is key element, because it is she who will give access to the basement. The structure itself can be of two types:

• attached;
• marching.

The first allows you to save space in the cellar, and is as simple as possible to install. A marching ladder at the same time, it is more comfortable, but takes up a lot of space and is usually installed at the construction stage. It is extremely inconvenient to install in an already finished room.

The choice of material for the stairs can also vary. Wood needs additional treatment with antiseptics and antiprens due to the temperature and humidity of the basement, but it is enough to cover the metal with several layers of paint.

Concrete stair structures are quite convenient, but they need additional protection - they must be regularly covered with paint or you can tile the structure.

There are certain parameters by which it is recommended to mount the stairs to the basement:

1. The clearance from the bottom step to the floor beam must be at least 1.8 m.
2. The maximum slope of the structure is 75 degrees.
3. The width of the stairs should not exceed 90 cm.
4. The width of one step is 25-30 cm, the height is 12-20 cm.

Observing all these parameters, you can assemble a safe ladder, along which it will be convenient to descend into the basement without the risk of injury.

Staircase to basement

How to combine a basement and a viewing hole in the garage

Theoretically, a do-it-yourself vegetable pit in the garage may well be combined with an observation deck. To do this, even at the stage of the pit, it is necessary to dig, taking into account the inspection hole. To do this, the depth of the pit closer to the entrance should be 1-1.5 meters, depending on the height of the owner, and then go to the cellar. If there is already a pit in the garage project, you can install a podium in it to work under the car.

Some points speak in favor of such a neighborhood. For example, facilitating the construction process.

On the other hand, with combined observation and vegetable pits, the entrance to the second one can only be made through the first one. This makes it difficult to access the basement if the car is being repaired.

by the most optimal project will be the separation of the observation room and the cellar. The pit will be closer to the entrance, and the basement will be at the far wall. Thus, in the cellar there will be no excess dirt that appears during repair work, and access to the basement will always be open.

Combination of a viewing hole and a basement

Basement lighting

For comfortable work, lighting of the viewing hole in the garage and additional lighting in the cellar will be required if they are not combined.

Important! Since basements are among the premises with increased safety requirements for the use of electricity, it is forbidden to use open wiring here. You can use tunnel lighting with natural sources or use a step-down electrical transformer circuit.

It must be installed in a sealed electrical panel located outside the basement. The use of junction boxes in the cellar is not recommended, the cable must be mounted in a single structure.

The luminaire must be chosen in such a way that it is protected from moisture and condensation, and the use of metal elements must be minimized or completely eliminated. It is recommended to place the lamps on the walls, and not on the ceiling. All switches must be sealed.

If the garage owner does not have sufficient experience with electrical systems, then it is better to contact a qualified specialist on this issue.

Basement lighting

Conclusion

By observing all the rules and technologies, the basement in the garage can be made safe and convenient to use.

A private house is not only proximity to nature, it is also a land plot on which our compatriots, by virtue of their mentality, grow something. Even if it's just shrubs and fruit trees, the crop is harvested and processed.

Naturally, stocks need to be stored somewhere. This is where the basement (cellar) comes to the rescue, creating optimal conditions for storage. Another thing is where the basement is located.

In the houses of the old buildings, the cellar is located under the house or in general, as a separate, independent building. Modern owners use the area more rationally and often place a basement under the garage. Moreover, it is much easier to do this at the stage of building a garage than under an existing one. To maximize the use of the area of ​​the site, develop projects two-storey garage, as a rule, the attic acts as the 2nd floor.

We offer you to familiarize yourself with some projects of a garage with a basement.

It should be noted that a basement garage project requires a lot of development effort. Despite its simplicity, you need to have special knowledge to make it yourself. Therefore, professionals recommend either using finished project, or order it to someone who understands this. By the way, not always even builders can make a project correctly. Although they read well and translate them into reality.

An ordered or self-developed garage project with a basement should have the following sections:

• architectural solutions. How will the basement and garage be combined. How will the entrance to it be arranged. Quite often, users combine a garage, a basement and a viewing hole;

• Constructive decisions. Given the weight of the superstructure and the weight of the machine above the basement, extra attention should be paid to walls and ceilings. So, if the basement is located under the entire garage area, then a reinforced concrete monolithic slab is used as a floor. It is important to properly organize the stairs to the basement (and to the second (mansard) floor). In general, the design of the cellar is influenced by: the terrain, the level of groundwater, the depth of freezing, the size of the garage and its weight, the number of cars in the garage. And these are just some of them;

• waterproofing;

• ventilation systems;

• power supply systems.

Nevertheless, despite all the difficulties with designing a basement under a garage, this is a very reasonable and economical solution.

Every motorist at least once in his life thought about how to build a basement in the garage with his own hands. This is a pretty good idea, because the owner of the building gets the opportunity to increase the free space, which can be used not only for storing tools or spare parts for the car. Many equip an underground room for a cellar, where preservation is preserved or a billiard table is installed here. If the owner of the property pursues a similar goal, it is imperative for him to make a dry basement. How does such technological process, will be described in detail in our article.

underground space requirements

Smart people consider arranging a cellar in a garage a profitable investment, because such a building is much more expensive than a regular building. In addition, an unnecessary basement can be rented out and receive additional profit from this. In order for the building to last as long as possible, certain rules must be observed:

• Lay high-quality and reliable waterproofing, which will prevent the penetration of surface water into the premises. Before digging a cellar, it is recommended to conduct geodetic studies and find out about the maximum and minimum groundwater levels. The liquid reaches its critical point during winter thaws or during prolonged rainy weather. Dig out the basement better in autumn, When ground water lie deep. The information obtained as a result of the research will help determine the depth of the foundation, will make it possible to select high-quality waterproofing.
• Waterproofing will not always be able to cope with the problem of moisture penetration into the room, therefore, a drainage system is provided for drainage in the garage.
• When building a cellar in a garage, ventilation is mandatory. This is due to the high humidity in the underground room. Exhaust ventilation allows you to pump clean air into the cellar and remove exhaust gases. If you do not make an extract on the surfaces of the building envelope, a fungus or mold will soon appear. Such negative impacts will sooner or later lead to spoilage of food products or stored items.
• If the basement under the garage will be used as a workshop or a place to relax with friends, the walls of this room must be insulated without fail. And thermal insulation materials must resist moisture well even in cases where the enclosing structures are covered with high-quality waterproofing.

Work performance technology

Main construction work should be preceded by the drafting of the garage. On the sketch of the building are applied dimensions, and design features individual nodes. At the initial stage of work, it is necessary to determine the type of heat and waterproofing, the material for the walls, the number of floor slabs.

At high level groundwater (less than 3 meters from the surface of the earth), we build the floor, as well as the walls of the basement, from monolithic concrete slabs. Lightweight building envelopes are erected only on dry, non-rocky soils. The process of building a basement in a garage consists of several simple sequential steps:

1. We make markings for the future cellar according to a pre-developed project.
2. We tear out the pit by hand or with an excavator.
3. Level the floor surface.
4. We lay roofing material panels at the bottom of the pit, observing an overlap within 15 centimeters. We lay the waterproofing material on the walls by 20 centimeters.
5. We concrete the floor, reinforcing the structure with a metal mesh.
6. We carry out the installation of basement walls, using for this purpose concrete mix or brick. Hot bituminous mastic is applied to the surface from the outside of the building at the point of contact between the enclosing structure and the soil.
7. We lay factory monolithic slabs or arrange a plank floor.
8. We lay heat and waterproofing, connect the power grid, mount ventilation system.

The nuances of the device floor

The basement device begins with the installation of the floor. To get a dry and warm floor covering during the excavation of the pit, the depth is increased by 30-40 centimeters from the design mark. At the bottom of the pit, a 15 cm layer of sand is poured. The bedding is compacted by spilling water, and then crushed stone is poured, the thickness of the pillow is about 15 centimeters. Similar materials will be used as drainage. The emerging groundwater will not linger near the waterproofing, the liquid will quickly leave through a layer of rubble and sand.

After the crushed stone is compacted onto a large pit, rolls of waterproofing materials are laid in several layers, the panels are glued together with hot bitumen. Next, the floor is poured in the basement of the garage, using a cement-sand mortar or special leveling mixtures with reinforcing fiber for this (screed thickness within 2-3 centimeters). When the base dries, it is impregnated with a waterproofing primer.

Many garage owners make clay floors in the cellar. Design floor covering consists of two layers of clay, 25 and 40 centimeters each. In the middle between the layers, rolled waterproofing materials. Plank flooring is used as a finishing flooring.

What are basement walls made of?

The material for the manufacture of load-bearing structures will depend on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. For operation in dry soils, brick walls can be used. For all other types of soil, durable and reliable reinforced concrete is used. To prevent the destruction of bricks, it is necessary to finish the basement of the garage with plaster mortars.

Before erection concrete walls make a wooden formwork (the height of each section is in the range of 30-40 centimeters). Inside the building envelope, a reinforcement frame is installed. The sections are rearranged as the concrete hardens until the wall reaches the desired height.

Advice! Not everyone knows how to make a basement in the garage correctly. Deep penetration primer helps to strengthen waterproofing. such solutions are applied to the surface of brick or concrete walls.

Waterproofing device

The durability of the entire cellar will depend on properly installed waterproofing. We have already discussed the process of waterproofing the floor above, but there are rules for insulating the surface of the walls. Particular attention should be paid to the streams of water on the enclosing structures. These problem areas are clogged with oily clay. Not everyone knows how to properly seal leaks, for this you need to expand the recess and lay clay there.

During the construction of the cellar in the garage, a small gap is left between the pit and the wall. Rolled waterproofing materials are glued to the outer walls, the panels are coated with hot bituminous mastic. The free space between the soil and the wall is clogged with clay. Ordinary soil can also be filled in between if the groundwater is below the level of the foundation.

How to make ventilation

In the garage basement, a ventilation system is required. In order to provide an underground room with a sufficient amount clean air and effectively remove exhaust gases in the basement of the walls, make several small holes. Ventilation can be natural, when air currents move through the difference in pressure inside or outside the room, or forced. A fan is used to circulate air. Now that we know how to build a cellar in the garage, let's get acquainted with the nuances of mounting the hood:

1. We prepare two pipes.
2. We fix the first one near the ceiling, the upper edge of the pipe should rise 35-50 centimeters above the roof. To prevent the ingress of debris and insects, the upper opening is covered with a mesh or a special cap.
3. The second pipe for the influx of fresh air is fixed at a distance of 5-10 centimeters from the floor. The upper edge of the pipe should rise above the soil surface by 30 centimeters. This hole is also covered with a mesh.

Making a cellar in a garage with your own hands is quite simple, it is much more difficult to maintain such a ventilation system. IN winter period she might not work. To prevent such unpleasant situations, it is necessary to insulate pipelines, as well as clean accumulated snow. The pipe inlet is made removable to facilitate maintenance.

How to insulate a basement

When making a cellar under the garage with your own hands, take care of the high-quality insulation of the underground room. Thermal insulation must be laid without fail, regardless of the purpose of using the basement. In the absence of insulation, it will be cold in this part of the building in winter, which will lead to icing of stored vegetables and conservation.

When insulating the cellar with your own hands, choose polystyrene foam or extruded polystyrene foam. Such materials not only have a minimum coefficient of thermal conductivity, they are not afraid of moisture, so fungus or mold will never appear on the surface of such thermal insulation. For laying in the basement, foam sheets with a thickness of at least 5 centimeters are used.

Note! When sticking insulation with inside In any case, condensation will appear in the room. This is due to the significant temperature difference inside and outside the cellar.

To prevent condensation, insulate the basement only from the outside. If this is not possible, a layer of 1-2 centimeters is left between the thermal insulation and the wall. The free space between the materials is used to remove water vapor.

We have described how to build a basement in a garage. The main technological process may differ depending on the characteristics of the soil and the financial capabilities of the owner of the building.

The conversation will go, as can be seen from the topic, about the garage, which is combined with the basement. To date, such a structure, as a rule, is equipped in the private sector. However, quite recently, when there was a boom in garage complexes, people sought to make this building a place where you can not only store your personal car, but also other household items. It is easy for me to talk about the topic of the article, since I still have such a garage equipped with a basement. And I faced all the problems. Which will be discussed later in the text.

Basement garage project

It's no secret that the basement is a room that is located on the lowest level of any building. If we talk about the garage, then the basement is simply necessary there. The thing is that people who not only keep their own car, but also do some repairs on it, should have access to the car from below. You can, of course, not resort to the equipment of a full-fledged room in the form of a basement, but only make a viewing hole. But since you have already decided to get a pit - best advice in this case will make a high-grade . First, it's spacious, more space to move around. Secondly, the free space of the basement can be equipped in such a way that it will be convenient to store here all sorts of things that you do not need at home.

If you have finally settled on the choice we have proposed, then you need to draw up a project for a garage with a basement. Let's just say that the project can be absolutely any and individual. I will give an example of my garage with dimensions for clarity. So, let's begin. We choose the area of ​​​​the garage itself depending on the car that you are going to store. If this is a truck, then in this case the garage will be large. If we are talking about a standard passenger car, then everything is much simpler. I have an area for passenger car. The length is 7 meters, the width is 5 meters. Such dimensions are quite enough to freely have access to the car from all sides. And this is very important. If the car is placed in such a way that it is difficult to squeeze through on both sides, then you simply cannot do anything. The height of the room is chosen so that you can walk to your full height. I have it equal to 2.30 meters.

Garage with basement garage project with basement garage layout option with basement

We go directly to the basement. The basement area is actually equal to the garage itself. You can, of course, make it not so deep (not 2.30 m, but, say, 2 meters). But these are details. The design of a garage with a basement should provide for how the basement will be accessed, i.e. how to get down. I solved this issue like this: 2 concrete slabs of 2 meters wide and long for the entire garage are placed on both sides. It turns out the floor, which in the middle has a meter (in width) inspection hole. At the very beginning of the pit there is a ladder, along which you go down. Everything is quite simple.

If we figured out the project a little, then it's time to talk about how important the ventilation of the basement of the garage is. Ventilation, in general, is designed to ventilate the room, remove excess moisture in the room. If there is no system, then moisture and dampness will inevitably collect. From here, the metal parts will begin to rust, the wooden ones will rot. I felt it in full measure after I kept some of the tools in the basement for some time. I didn't have a ventilation system at that time. So the tools almost fell into disrepair due to rust and dampness.

Natural ventilation of the basement of the garage ventilation scheme of the basement of the garage air duct

Garage basement ventilation can be of two types:

1. Forced(works when there is access to electricity). Those. it can work constantly when it is turned on or turn on when, say, you come to the garage and turn on the light. This method is reliable, but not very often used. Firstly, the constant consumption of electricity, which leads to additional financial costs. Secondly, the system itself is quite expensive.
2. Simple. In this case, natural ventilation occurs due to the fact that there is access to fresh air outside the room. In simple words, a small draft is formed. This method is the most common.

Simple garage basement ventilation is very easy to install. To do this, you will need 2 pipes - exhaust and supply. They can be made of galvanized steel or polymer materials. The second option is the most preferable, as it is easier to work with, and it is inexpensive. The exhaust pipe is located almost above the ceiling of the garage cellar. The end of it goes to the roof. This pipe is installed both through and bypass.

Through means the use of a straight pipe without bends, passing through the ceiling directly to the roof. The bypass method will use a pipe with an elbow, it will pass through the wall horizontally to the cellar floor, and then rise up to the roof. With any method, the exhaust pipe is brought to the roof of the garage 40-50 cm above the ridge. An umbrella is attached to the end of the pipe so that moisture does not get inside. You can increase traction with the help of a deflector. The supply air duct is located on the opposite side from the exhaust pipe. It does not sink to the ground, but is located a little higher (20-50 cm). Choose the same diameter of the exhaust and supply pipes at the rate of 15 mm per 1 sq. m. of the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room (i.e. for a basement of 10 sq.m., the diameter will be 150 mm). The supply air duct is brought out above the ground through a hole prepared in advance in the wall. It makes sense to provide dampers and nets from rodents. In principle, everything is ready. Such a simple system will allow you to ventilate your room, make it more comfortable and suitable for storing various things.