American style houses: exterior, floor plan, turnkey cottage. About the construction of private houses in America How houses are raised in America
I lived in the states for a long time.
The video is most likely California. Snow is rare there. As well as low temperatures.
Yes, many private houses are built this way. Appears to be of good quality. It's nice to live. There is no feeling of fragility. It's warm inside.
But they also do not hesitate to build from blocks, larger in size than our cinder blocks, but perhaps easier at the same time.
I don't know how they stand in Canada. Asked about them Canadian technology sip panels. They say yes, sometimes they build it. Those. far from overwhelming. But not pine is used, but another tree, even in California. Also coniferous, to the touch more dense. Maybe even a sequoia (Not specified).
I agree with the fundamentals comments. We have a weak foundation simply will not survive under thermal deformations and state transition conditions (liquid freezing). So we have light foundation from this point of view, even taking into account the lightweight house, it will not work by itself. On the other hand, you can freely use screw piles. In general, they are more like screws. My neighbor has a cottage on a slope. To make an ordinary foundation resulted in a huge amount. I found a company - they arrived, screwed the piles and he already has a summer house (the size of a good average house) without any problems.
A 20 cm wall using frame technology will not be very warm with us. It needs to be made thicker. Most insulation materials have such a stupid feature as sagging. Especially cotton. they either need to make permanent fastenings, or in layers, and fasten again. I think in the final house it will be compared in price with "the old fashioned way"
At different varieties foams, polyesters, extruded and conventional have their drawbacks. To begin with, it is difficult to find an eco-friendly one in our country. And if you find it, it’s not cheap anymore, that again the “fashionable” house will bring the price closer to the classics.
OSB I would not use at all. Even though it's not unhealthy by standards, the phenol content blah blah blah. Are you sure that the OSB that you bought while looking for cheaper was made using technology? Or will you ship from the USA? - again, normal materials at a cost will bring them closer to the classics.
It all comes down to the fact that when building a house with frame technology in which you can live without grieve in our climate, you won’t save a damn thing. And at the same time, on the contrary, you will get problems. The frame house is not typical for our region. And his service and problem solving is also not typical. Of course, a lot can be done for money, but think about it, you wanted to save money using Merlikan technologies. What's the point then?
Personally, my opinion is to build cheaper the way most people in this region are built. Due to "standard solutions" it will be cheaper. Provided, of course, that the requirements are met. Of course you can build frame house fast, cheap. The first 4 years it will be good. And then you start having problems. Vata will sag - it will become cold. Styrofoam and others like them will be devoured by mice. Believe me. When they are cold and have nothing to eat, they eat everything!!! It’s not even that they eat - but they make holes in them, it’s warmer inside than on the street, and for you minks are cold bridges.
Personally, I like the classic approach for our region, but made of modern materials. Large clay blocks especially. not bricks, namely shiiiiirkie blocks with hollow sections inside. They breathe, with the right choice of thickness they do not need insulation, the finish is minimal.
I also want to add about the mentality of the Merlikos. what is said that they do not want to buy houses is a complete provocation. They want!!! really want!!! fucking want!!! they just can't. Banally expensive. Another question is what is not expensive for anyone - they can do this once a year, twice a year, simply because they offered a job in another city with better conditions, they sold the old one and bought a new one. They do not bother to change the house because of better conditions. Really mobile people.
In general, I want to sum up - do not get fooled by provocations. If you want to build quickly, cheaply and sell it, then don’t worry, build a frame house out of shit (osb, insulation that will sag) - yes, an option. But in 4 years, the owners will remember you not with an evil, quiet word.
If for yourself - use the classics but from new materials, or also frame construction, but AS NECESSARY.
In short, if you want to save money without harming your health - do not spare money, regardless of the path you choose
Did you know that in the States even 5-story buildings are framed apartment buildings? Below is a small photo sketch of how things are with low-rise construction in the southern states of the United States.
But before talking about the construction itself, I would like to first talk about psychology, otherwise the picture will be incomplete or incomprehensible, which often gives rise to a wave of unfounded criticism of our overseas neighbors.
Americans
Home for a typical modern semi-urbanized American - a temporary home. They can change their homes as often as their cars. One of the reasons for the family to move is the proximity of the new house to a good school where the children will go. Among others - proximity to a new place of work, etc. Compare this attitude with our Russian mentality, where everyone strives to build for centuries, so that at least children and grandchildren get it. By the way, the children of Americans, upon reaching the age of majority, as a rule, leave their parental home (themselves or at the insistence of their parents) and embark on an independent voyage. And older Americans can even sell their last home to travel the world a little and then settle down on a full board in some good home elderly. In such behavior, a Christian motive is remotely visible, when a person feels himself to be only a temporary guest in this world and does not seek to be deeply attached to anything that exists here. But, of course, the main motive is only practical considerations and convenience.
Photo: samlib.ru
Americans value space. In a private house, there must be a large living room, often combined with a kitchen, separated only by a bar. Be sure to have several bathrooms and bathrooms (for parents, for children, for guests) and a garage for two cars. Also required central system air conditioning (it is also heating) and, as a rule, a gas fireplace.
Americans also love fireplaces. And although in theory natural gas is preferred, due to the increased cost of insurance and unnecessary hassle with ignition, in practice they use the first. Ordinary stone fireplaces can be found in older houses or more expensive ones. Quite often you can see that fireplaces are attached to houses from the outside. And the fact that in this way they warm the street more does not bother anyone, since the practical meaning here fades into the background. Some Americans enjoy roasting potatoes in them when the cool winter weather arrives.
settlements
Americans practically do not engage in independent construction of private houses. This is very troublesome and expensive: a lot of approvals and checks, a lot of paperwork, running around. Typically, Americans buy homes in townships or specially built-up areas. If the village is just preparing for development, the buyer can choose in advance one of the standard projects offered by the developer and make certain changes to it.
Each district-settlement has a master plan with all the infrastructure, ranging from communications and the road network to various social facilities (swimming pools, playgrounds, tennis courts, park areas). Districts are divided into districts, each of which includes about a hundred houses. The entire area-settlement will use the pre-built infrastructure of shops, banks, kindergartens and other things in accordance with the estimated number of residents.
Usually, each house in the village stands on its own separate territory, has a fenced courtyard of 1.5-3 acres and a front "lawn".
A couple of small fruit trees are sometimes planted in the backyard. Occasionally place small pools or jacuzzis. But most often there is a solid lawn on which some large tree can grow to provide shade.
How houses are built in the USA
In accordance with the master plan, communications and roads are being laid in the village, and then excavation of soil for pillows for the foundations of houses begins. Usually, a surface layer is poured as a foundation. reinforced concrete slab with elements of shallow tapes. And although there is no frost in the southern states, high level ground water and the composition of the soil cause a lot of trouble. For example, in one of the relatively old villages in the suburbs of Houston, where I happened to live for a week, many houses had very serious problems with the foundations. Somewhere, a slab simply broke, and the crack ran through the entire house, including the tiled floors, walls, and ceiling. Someone in the house does not close several external and internal doors etc. Residents and specialists blame this on mobile, water-filled clay soils.
After pouring the slab, a frame is erected. A two-inch board (fifty dozen) is used as load-bearing elements, which in places of high loads (supports, ceilings) is fastened into a “sandwich” in several pieces (up to four or more).
Frame elements are fastened with metal plates.
As fasteners, nails are mainly used, and not self-tapping screws or screws, as many might think. They are clogged in one second with pneumatic devices and better hold the transverse loads on the cut. However, screws, bolts and capercaillie are also in use.
Hurricanes are a separate story. They visit the Gulf Coast with enviable frequency. A typical visiting hurricane is Category 2 out of five on the Saffir-Simpson scale. The wind speed in it reaches 40-50 m/s (150-180 km/h). In this case, the local population is evacuated on a voluntary basis. Houses in the aforementioned village survive such bad weather without any problems. Although the locals say that the famous Hayk knocked down all the fences in 2008, and the hangars for garden tools then filmed from trees in neighboring areas. At the same time, none of the houses required special repairs. However, just to the south, this hurricane demolished the entire town of Galveston, located on the very coast. Even reinforced concrete buildings were damaged there.
After installing the frame, all the necessary communications are laid in it (central air conditioning, water, electricity, internet), then mineral wool and it is covered with OSB shields.
Interior finish - drywall. And the external one depends on the status of the village or district. In more prestigious places there is lining decorative stone or shields with its imitation. On the periphery, ordinary siding is more often used.
If you're craving more details, here's a fairly detailed photo essay from one of the construction sites.
The frame is everything
If you thought that frame technologies are used only in low-rise construction of the private sector, then you are mistaken. They are used throughout apartment buildings five or more floors, as well as large shopping centers.
The dream of the average American is not a Manhattan apartment in a skyscraper with full-wall windows overlooking Central Park. The average American dreams of his own home: with a mowed lawn in front of him, a treehouse for his five children, garages for his pickup trucks, and a basement with a billiards table and a toy railroad. What do you need to be prepared for when owning a house in the USA and what is the difference from owning a house here?
You have to pay an annual property tax
And significant compared to us! The newer and more expensive your home, of course, the more tax you will have to pay on it, because the tax is calculated as a percentage of the appraised value of the house. It will not work to cheat the system and buy an old house in a good area to minimize taxes: even an old house in a good area will cost a lot, and the tax will be calculated not from the original cost of the house, but from the purchase price.
The average US tax rate is 1.2% of the appraised value, so if your home costs $250,000, you'll pay $3,000 a year. Whether you rent a house, take out a loan or own it - in any case, you pay tax. If you pay rent, then the tax is included in the rent, and if you own a house, you pay the tax yourself.
Can't make noise in the house
You can, of course, if your house stands alone in a field of corn or crowns an abandoned winding road in a forest on a mountainside. If you live in a respectable area with decent neighbors, then most likely it will be problematic for you to buy "stadium" sound equipment and arrange a party in the style of American films for high school students. How is it, after all, this is my house, I do what I want in it and in general what kind of house is this, through the walls of which loud music is heard?
Well, firstly, almost all houses in the States plywood. Have you seen how American houses are blown away by a hurricane somewhere on the coast of Florida? So houses in the north of the USA, in the snowiest region near the Great Lakes, are made of the same plywood and their sound insulation is so-so. If your neighbor decides that the noise level is interfering with his privacy in his home, he can report it to the police. This appeal will have legal force even if you make noise not in spite of him, but “unintentionally” or “carelessly”.
Need to mow the lawn in front of the house
And if I want to be near my house high grass? you might ask. It depends on local city regulations and perhaps somewhere they are allowed to have a corner of the wild in front of the house, with steppe grass, wildflowers and gopher burrows. However, most likely city laws will oblige you to regularly cut the grass in front of the house. How will the authorities know about it? Yours neighbors will immediately inform the authorities, that you don't.
If you forgot to cut the grass in front of the house, then, most likely, they will not even swear at you, call you to the party activists and read morals. The local authorities will simply send someone to mow the grass in front of your house, and you then billed for it. The only way to get around this regulation is to arrange a flower bed or a small botanical garden in front of the house. Then you will not need to mow the lawn, but you will have to take care of the garden.
Need to clear the snow in front of the house
You now know that you need to mow your lawn regularly, but then winter came and everything was covered with snow. Hey! You can no longer worry about cleaning the territory. But it was not there! If in the summer you are responsible for your own lawn, but in the winter you are also responsible for the public paths adjacent to the house, which need to be regularly cleared of snow.
In state NY for example, homeowners are responsible for clearing snow from all walkways and sidewalks adjacent to the home so that they are safe for pedestrians.
Not only that, if there is a bus stop or fire hydrant in front of your property, you will need to regularly clean the snow and ice on the paths immediately adjacent to them. Each state has different regulations, but don't be surprised if you come across such requirements.
You can't fence the house
Again, this is not always the case and there are exceptions, but most likely land use restrictions will prevent you from building a solid fence around your home. Very often, a house cannot be fenced at all - neither a fence, nor a fence, nor even a hedge of dense shrubs. Negotiate these restrictions with “land use conditions” or “covenants” even if you own the land.
For that matter, the terms of land use can dictate anything: how big the house should be, what materials should be used, which side the air conditioner should be on, and even what color the walls should be!
The purpose of such restrictions is to preserve the “atmosphere” of the entire area and, accordingly, land value. They appeared in the 19th century as agreements between neighbors, so that, for example, cattle would not enter private territory. By the 1920s, the Covenant began to stipulate requirements for the appearance and neatness of houses. These days they are accepted by homeowners associations and are very hard to ignore.
What is it like to have a house in America? Part 2
I continue the story about the nuances and surprises associated with owning a house in the United States. Every average American dreams of his own house, and for America this is quite a "lifting" dream. However, we must not forget that the United States is a very regulated country and there are many rules, obligations and even prohibitions associated with the process of buying and owning a house. What do you need to be prepared for when owning a house in the USA, and how does all this differ from what we have?
Trees - additional costs
Near your house there is a sprawling century-old maple that fits perfectly into the courtyard landscape. Its green crown protects the flower garden from the scorching sun and provides a pleasant shade for children playing on the lawn.
However, with the advent of autumn, the lovely century-old maple under the house can turn into a real burden. Red-yellow foliage already in September begins to cover the lawn near the house, which adds work to care for the territory. Foliage has to be removed much more often than grass is cut, but this should still be done regularly. You are not legally obligated to remove the leaves, but you are responsible for the safety of adjacent sidewalks, and if someone slips on wet leaves near your house, you can be sued.
On certain days, the "gold of autumn" is taken away by a garbage truck, but for this, the foliage must be collected in special paper bags to be purchased at the supermarket. Scavengers will not take leaves that are not packed or not properly packed. Burning leaves, even on your own territory, is strictly prohibited, so happy owners trees, there is only one way out: to fork out for a huge number of bags under the leaves.
"Competitive" house decorations
Do not want to catch the reproachful glances of your neighbors? Remember that for every holiday, you need to decorate your house and yard with themed attributes. No, this is not required by law and it most likely will not be spelled out in the "terms of land use" (although it does not hurt to check), however, all Americans decorate their property before every holiday.
Local shops contribute to this in every possible way and offer a wide selection of decor for every taste and budget. Americans are like children buy more and more every year themed decorations for the home, trying to outdo the neighbors. Luminous deer and garlands for Christmas, cute rabbits and bright eggs for Easter, skeletons entangled in cobwebs, bats and pumpkins for Halloween - will replace one another like soldiers on guard near the White House.
Of course, you can not participate in this race, but you need to remember that Americans can be distrustful of those who do not support their traditions, and decorating houses is a peculiar American tradition, like a turkey on a Christmas table.
Strict garbage collection rules
The municipality is in charge of garbage collection. Typically, the city government bids for these services, and then the winning private company serves a certain area or the entire city on behalf of the municipal government. The tender task usually prescribes General requirements to garbage collection, and detailed rules are then published by the contractor.
And now the rules of garbage companies already need to be carefully read, otherwise, your garbage may not be picked up or you may be billed for cleaning. Firstly, there will most likely be requirements for where, how and when to place garbage bins, for example, they "should be in the parking lot, near the road, with their handles turned towards the street (but not on the street) every Thursday at 8 am." Secondly, there is a list of what can and cannot be thrown away. For example, we have lamps, vacuum cleaners and toasters, tables, chests of drawers and baby strollers are not allowed, and an additional fee is charged for a microwave, children's toys and a water cooler.
Your house may not be all "your"
A townhouse is an excellent intermediate solution between an apartment and a house. You already have a separate entrance, your own territory with a lawn and a barbecue, no neighbors above and below, but you still do not have to deal with cleaning snow and leaves from adjacent sidewalks, and mowing lawns. This will be done by the management company. Townhouse can be redeemed and it will belong to you as your home.
However, very often, even if you own a townhouse, you may not be able to dispose of some of its areas and not be able to change a lot. For example, you may not be able to access the basement, where Technical equipment, or an attic, which may be empty at all. I'm not talking about ventilation, air conditioning, heating systems, and even more so about the appearance of a townhouse.
You can not grow vegetables and keep animals for fattening
Again, regulations are different everywhere, and if you grow basil in your backyard and keep a couple of rabbits, it may not attract anyone's attention. However, if you plant tomatoes two meters high, set up a drip irrigation system, build a chicken coop and get pigs, you will not avoid problems. Newly hostess from Oak Park, Michigan sentenced to 93 days in prison for planting a vegetable garden in front of her house.
It’s hard to even say unequivocally what you can break - there are so many things! Firstly, you can violate municipal zoning requirements - they clearly define what you can do on your territory and what not. Secondly, your land lease or condominium rules may prohibit you from setting up a "farm" in your home. Last but not least, homeowner association regulations can dictate to you any restrictions that they think affect the value of real estate in the area.
The American style was formed later than most architectural trends. In the late 18th century, about 85% of the white population of the North American colonies came from Britain or Ireland; this became a determining factor in the appearance of dwellings. American home couldn't help but borrow character traits English buildings different styles- Tudor, Georgian, and later Victorian.
And, of course, the surrounding reality has made its own adjustments to the methods of construction and design of houses. The first colonists had more than enough land and built their farms to be as spacious and practical as possible. City houses could have features of English, German, and, to the south, Spanish styles; they were built of wood and brick. Buildings in the outback acquired the features of a style that is now called country (sometimes ranch style). Modern house in the American style enjoys steady popularity; attracts customers functional layout, bright personality and always appropriate interior.
A typical house for a large family Source pipesz.ru
American style: design features
Americans are considered a practical nation; this property helped to make the houses simple in appearance and comfortable. American houses (projects and layouts) are easily recognizable:
Form. Buildings, as a rule, have a symmetrical shape in plan, one (more economical) or two (more options for planning them) floors and a low foundation.
Environment. personal plot clearly zoned and well-groomed; the owners allocate space for a children's playground, a barbecue area, garden furniture, swimming pool. In front of the main facade, there is often a well-groomed lawn with the pride of the hostess - a flower bed.
Project details. The house is decorated with a terrace, a veranda or a spacious porch. Projects of American-style houses certainly include an attached spacious garage.
Atypical option - two full and attic floors Source pinterest.com
Exterior. Laconic, with a predominance of straight lines, made in light, soothing colors. Used in decoration natural materials(stone, brick, wood) or cover the facade walls with plaster, clapboard, vinyl siding.
Window. American home designs are characterized big amount windows. Often they have an arched shape - the influence of the Spanish style, and are equipped with shutters.
Attic. A frequent detail of projects, especially in houses with a wooden facade. Often it is provided with a balcony or a panoramic window; additional windows are installed on the roof.
Inputs. There are several of them: front and additional (one or more), through which you can get to the backyard terrace.
Roof. Pitched, complex asymmetric shape.
Variety of style: austere on the outside, but comfortable on the inside Source dachnaya-zhizn.ru
layout
The layout of the American-style house has well-established canons. Main principle, which they try to follow when building housing - space and freedom for each family member. Therefore, both in one and in two-storey houses the rooms are made as large as possible, and everyone has a separate room. The layout of American houses has the following features:
First floor. Here is the hallway big kitchen, which is often separated from the living room by a bar or partition, a dining room, a guest bedroom and a bathroom. Sometimes on the ground floor there is an adult bedroom, an office and a gym.
Second floor. There are personal (sleeping) rooms of family members, dressing rooms, bathrooms.
Garage. Typical American-style cottage projects necessarily contain a garage, often for two or more cars. It can adjoin the house (and have an internal, from the house, entrance) or be located separately and connected to the housing by a covered gallery. The garage has access to the boiler room and workshop (if provided by the project).
Viewed from the doorway first floor layout Source www.ar.pinterest.com
Terrace and veranda. The wide circular terrace on the first floor is an American classic; sometimes they make an exit from the master bedroom on it. Practical owners place here comfortable furniture for relaxation, hang a hammock, arrange a play area for children. Here you can put a barbecue or arrange summer kitchen. They also try to make the veranda spacious, decorate it with wicker furniture and gather there for morning coffee or evening conversation.
Materials and design features of the facade
For the construction of American-style housing can be used various materials, from stone, brick and concrete blocks, to timber and logs. But, as you know, the favorite option for Americans is frame houses. This is due to several reasons:
Cheap (not affecting reliability).
Quick and easy assembly.
Good thermal efficiency.
Modern project: three levels and combined facade decoration Source pinterest.es
Popular technologies are:
Frame-panel (panel). facade and internal walls are assembled from panels (blocks, panels) on a pre-mounted wooden frame. Plywood is used as shields, OSB boards(which is poorly applicable in Russian conditions), thermal blocks and SIP panels (suitable for use in areas with long winters).
Frame-modular. A more expensive option, when individual wall elements are assembled at the factory and delivered ready to the construction site. Each section has insulation, finishing and necessary communications.
Frame projects of American houses and cottages have no restrictions in the design of the facade. Exterior decoration is carried out using the following materials:
facade plaster. use different kinds plaster in light color scheme. Mineral plaster can be covered with a protective layer of silicate or silicone paint with vapor permeable properties, or acrylic facade paint can be used.
Frame house with basement and wood facade Source www.remontbp.com
Facade clinker brick. Such cladding will provide the facade with strength and durability. Thanks to the natural shades of the clinker, the home will have a wonderful appearance.
facade panels. Panels - modern material with a solid service life, capable of significantly improving the appearance of the building. Manufacturers offer a wide range of colors and textures of materials that imitate a natural stone and brick.
Siding. Popular (and economical) modern version home decoration. The material has good protective characteristics and a rich palette of colors.
block house. Wood looks cozy and is great for decorating a traditional home. Wood flooring needs periodic treatment to protect against moisture, mold and insect pests.
Strict symmetry comes from England Source jalh.ca
On our website you can get acquainted with the most from the construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
American style in the interior
Making an American-style cottage requires compliance with several conditions:
Consolidation of ground floor space. A common technique is that when you enter an American house, you do not find yourself in the hallway, but immediately in a spacious living room. The living room, in turn, is symbolically separated from the dining room and kitchen - by a bar counter, shelving or a sliding partition.
Color selection. The original American retro style implies the predominance of discreet solid shades of green, gray, milky. Also in the palette there are always white, brown and beige colors. For bright accent colors, combinations would be appropriate: red with beige and brown, blue with white and sand, green with chocolate and cream. For country style, great brightness and variegation is acceptable, for example, floral wallpaper or patterned upholstery of furniture.
Video description
About the exterior of the American house in the following video:
Fireplace. Direct Inheritance English style, it is considered an indispensable component of a real American interior. A traditional fireplace is a fairly large structure (to match the spacious living room) with a wide mantelpiece. It can be made from any material, but it is better to veneer with a light stone, natural or artificial.
Floor and walls. For the floor, it is preferable to use natural materials that are pleasant to the feet - a sanded board or parquet, and a laminate is also allowed. Light-colored tiles are often laid on the kitchen floor. The walls are plastered or pasted over with wallpaper in pastel colors.
Accessories. Uncomplicated and relevant to the life of the owners. These can be photographs and letters in simple frames (metal, wood or plastic) on the walls or a mantelpiece, commemorative trinkets and elegant figurines, flowers, fruits in baskets or vases.
Modern color accents in a traditional living room Source hr.aviarydecor.com
Furniture. To maintain the style, you need massive, solid, without pretentious decoration, furniture. Finishing, depending on the direction (classic or country), is chosen in monophonic, with a small pattern or leather.
Textiles and carpets. All fabrics, from curtains and sofa upholstery to rugs and tablecloths, should be light in color. Carpets should not completely cover the floor: a small cream or beige carpet looks stylish on dark parquet.
Lighting. Correctly selected lighting create the right atmosphere and help zone a large room. For the central part of the house, the living room, a large solemn chandelier and additional lamps, floor lamps and table lamps are suitable.
Video description
About the tour of the American home in the following video:
On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer house design services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
Decorating rooms in an American cottage
When developing American-style house projects, architects and designers use ready-made style developments in the design of various premises:
Living room. They try to place furniture in the recreation area by the fireplace and away from the walls to emphasize the volume of the room. Sofas and armchairs are selected comfortable; the atmosphere is well complemented by a low coffee table, a display cabinet with a glass front door or bookshelf. Usually in the living room there is a place for modern consumer electronics - a TV and an audio system.
The fireplace takes center stage in the living room. Source houzz.com
Kitchen. As part of the common space, the kitchen follows the style and color scheme of the living room. It is spacious, most often furnished. wooden furniture. Indispensable attribute - Appliances, from hob to the latest coffee maker. Since there is no partition between the kitchen and other rooms, a powerful hood and ventilation system are of great importance. The kitchen area can be decorated with a still life, a landscape or a decorative fruit basket.
American Recipe Source psycholog.club
Bedroom. Bright, cozy with a high double bed, a chest of drawers and a dressing table. Blinds on the window protect in the morning from bright sunlight.
Traditional palette in the design of the bedroom Source pinterest.com
Bathroom. In a spacious house, the bathroom is not cut in size. It is large enough to accommodate a bathtub, a shower stall, a sink (often two), many hanging shelves and large mirrors framed by lamps without interference. Feature bathroom in the American style - a full-fledged window, equipped with blinds or roller blinds. The bath is made out in light colors. Often the area of the house allows you to arrange a separate laundry room, usually next to the kitchen or in the basement.
The bathroom is subject to the requirements of functionality and comfort Source br.pinterest.com
Children's. The only place in the classic American home where style violations are allowed. The color scheme can be anything - from delicate beige-pink shades for girls to rich reds and blues for boys. Furniture is placed along the walls, this frees up space for games. To maintain functionality, convenient shelving for toys and a spacious chest of drawers for clothes are selected for the nursery. The room is decorated with paintings drawn by its owner, posters, original chandeliers, bedside lamps and table lamps.
Colonial style in the design of the nursery Source yandex.uz
Basement (ground floor). Although the foundation of a typical American dwelling is low, its basement is designed at a considerable depth. This area can be used as a place to store things, arrange a workshop, laundry or gym there.
There is enough space in the house for a separate laundry room. Source makemone.ru
American style cottage projects
Squat and spacious houses are best suited for large land plots. Construction and design companies have extensive catalogs American projects houses and cottages, one- and two-story, as well as with attic floor. If the future owner does not fit standard solutions, it has professional architects and design engineers ready to finalize existing version or create a new one. In Russian conditions, such projects have some features:
Construction quality. The frame technology was developed as energy efficient, so the house will be warm even in regions with prolonged frosts. The quality of housing will be provided by a reliable developer company with solid professional experience. When choosing a company, it is worth getting acquainted not only with its portfolio (which can be quite impressive), but also with the objects that it actually delivered and their happy owners.
Modern frame American house project Source jonesgroupswf.com
Ground floor. Due to the characteristics of the soil and frost heaving, it is not possible to implement a project with a basement floor in all regions. A competent solution would be the organization of a residential attic.
Many recognizable features of the American style find a lively response from the Russian customer and are present in the projects:
Free layout and spacious premises (including utility rooms).
The presence of a wide porches, terraces or verandas with a variety of uses.
Attached garage , which you can get to without leaving your home (especially valuable in winter).
Attic. The original space for the owners' private rooms.
Project Features. Exit on two sides, a basement floor for household needs, built-in wardrobes and closets increase the comfort and functionality of housing.
Project with an attic balcony and a small porch Source bostoncondoloft.com
Varieties of American house projects
In addition to the classic, there are other varieties of style:
Ranch. Such houses are often one-story, have an asymmetric facade, an attached garage and large panoramic windows(sometimes sliding glass doors leading from the living room to the garden). The ranch can be brick or frame, roofing with low slopes. To decorate the facade, shades of gray, blue and brown are used.
classic american ranch Source set-travel.com
southwestern. A kind of ranch style that mixes cowboy and Native American traditions. Such buildings are characterized by a stone or plastered facade of a red or sandy color; the roof is always flat, tiled.
Ranch style with a modern twist Source coolhouses.ru
Such buildings are common closer to the border with Mexico. In terms of area, they are inferior to the classic American houses, finished with plaster (usually white, beige or ocher). The style is characterized by a flat or low roof under red tiles, arched windows and passageways. The decoration is carved wooden doors, forged gratings and tile ornaments.
The American interpretation left the Spanish colonial home virtually unchanged. Source pinterest.com
Craftsman (craftsman's house). One of the most popular styles. Recognizable by its low pitched roof, the columns that support the roof over the porch, the stained-glass windows in the doors and windows, and the exterior stone chimneys. The interior is characterized by ceilings with exposed beams and an abundance of wood in the finishes, decor and furniture.
popular style country design- craftsman Source: cluesarena.com
Construction of cottages in the American style on a turnkey basis
An American-style frame house is an economical, quick and practical way to get your own home. Many construction companies in Moscow and the Moscow region carry out the construction of a turnkey house, which means a full cycle of work, preparatory and construction. The company undertakes:
Inspection of the land and drawing up a topographic plan.
Finalization of the project or design from scratch.
Budgeting and paperwork.
Procurement and delivery of materials to the construction site.
Holding construction works in compliance with all standards and quality control.
Handing over the keys to the owner.
Project for a young family Source lestorg32.ru
The customer gets the opportunity:
Make changes to a typical project.
Study and evaluate preliminary estimate, and after its agreement conclude an agreement with the company.
Get significant savings on building materials(as a rule, companies have permanent reliable suppliers).
Oversee construction(visiting it in person or online).
Pay for construction in stages or in installments.
Get a guarantee on the work performed, and often on the materials.
Celebrate housewarming in 5-7 months after the start of construction work.
Six months will pass from idea to implementation. Source laifgame.ru
Conclusion
Generations of immigrants who left Europe and settled in the vast expanses of North America managed to create an original architectural style that has not lost its relevance to this day. Despite the qualitatively new directions in private housing construction that have emerged over the past 50 years, American cottage projects invariably attract the attention of future homeowners. They are a tempting option for many reasons, including functionality, thoughtful layout, and presentable looks. If you decide to become the owner of an American-style house, projects, photos of the future building can be viewed in different variations, but they will all be united by common features.Let's start talking about the technology of building houses in Houston, about how it all starts, how the area is ennobled, how houses are built and what materials are used.
So, the construction begins with the general plan of the area. The district is not only houses, the district also includes an irrigation system, sewerage, sewage treatment plants, roads, recreational infrastructure (walking, jogging and cycling paths, outdoor pools, tennis courts, football fields, basketball courts, children's playgrounds). playgrounds and simply open park areas with artificial lakes with fountains and water channels, as well as large fenced areas for walking dogs). The entire district, in turn, is divided into districts, approximately 90 - 150 houses each (we will see the district plan a little later). The infrastructure is created separately for several districts so that people do not "crowd". The entire area will benefit from a pre-built system of shops, banks, hospitals and other public facilities that have been pre-built in response to the area's ongoing development and population growth.
Construction starts from clean field, in which all communications are laid, gas pipes, plumbing, electrical cables, telephone communications. First, everything is connected to substations. Tractor for digging trenches (in the previous photo - a pipelayer).
Then, from the substations, all communications are brought to the switchboard houses. All electrics are hidden in such a box, which will be located in the corner of the backyard of the house. The red pipe does not mean hot water, it is supplied cold water, A hot water not served in the house, because each house will have a gas or electric boiler. The green pipe with the cap is the gas line, it will be hidden later, but for now it sticks out like a marker.
After all communications are laid, the irrigation system is being prepared, and special attention is paid to it in Houston, because. Houston is prone to tropical rainstorms and hurricanes. Usually the depth of artificial reservoirs is about 10-12 meters. All reservoirs have a system of locks and canals for water drainage.
The banks of the artificial reservoir are concreted at the level of the pool to protect and prevent erosion. So that the water does not wash away the concrete, a part of the earth near the concrete tape is strengthened with clay and crushed stone. It has recently rained heavily, and water pumps are pumping water out of the canals.
Then roads and sewers are built. Roads provide quick and convenient access for construction equipment, and also do not allow dirt to be carried from construction sites. Sandbags are placed near all sewer drains, their purpose is to trap dirt during rains and prevent clogging of sewers. Sewer pipes are plastic, the diameter of the pipe starts from 60 cm, increasing with the length of the sewer. Laying pipes begins at a depth of 1.5 meters, respectively, the depth also increases with the length of the system. Pipes are laid at an angle of 0.18%. As a rule, there are no sewer grates, instead of them there are open water intakes, inside them there is a sewer shaft, approximately 2x2 meters in size. By the way, I note that all the pipes, if possible, are not under the road, but next to it, although all repairs are carried out from mines.
Then all road signs are installed. There is no roadway marking in residential areas, because The speed limit here is 20 km/h. There are no speed limit signs either, the speed is registered in the traffic rules. Earlier I was asked about the height of the curb - it is 15 cm. The thickness of the concrete screed on the road is 21 cm.
It is very interesting to drive through such areas with all the signs, but the complete absence of houses. Let's pay attention to the grass tape laid along the curb, it prevents the dirt from washing out from the lawn to the street during rain.
Russian designer datated.
All surfaces that may be scratched, damaged, or contaminated during the construction process are covered.
In Russia, they still do not know how to make hatches on the roads. Oh no no no.
Then the sites for the houses are being prepared. 20-30 houses are being built at the same time. They are mainly built nearby, which makes it easier to clean up construction waste, and does not bother those who have already settled in and live in the built houses. Exceptions are houses that were bought in advance on some specific sites. To lay the foundation, one meter deep soil is taken out and covered with a layer of gravel, sand and clay, all this is compacted, then such a hat is obtained at the top. I note that such a focus is possible only in Texas because of the very clay soil. For example, in the north of the United States, deep strip foundation.
Then communications are brought to the house (gas, cold water, sewerage, electric cable, etc.)
The formwork for the foundation is being assembled. All foundations are solid, monolithic, clay soil allows you to make them relatively thin, the thickness of the screed is about 25-30 cm, with "columns" 1.5 meters.
The usual average size of the foundation is 20 by 15 meters.
Then the ground is covered with thick dense plastic, reinforcement with a diameter of 10 to 16 mm is laid. It is laid every 3-4 meters, "cross to cross", with the exception of certain places, for example, the garage, the entrance to the house, the cut of the foundation, here it is laid a little differently, depending on the design of the house.
The rebar will be stretched before pouring, the load will be slowly removed seven days after pouring
The pouring of the foundation is carried out without stopping until the completion of work. Permissible strength of concrete is from 60 to 90 MPa.
Freshly poured screed. The protruding plates are dural anchors (anchors) for walls.
Periodically, concrete is poured with water, thereby preventing the formation of cracks in it.
Crib.
Then, wall markings are applied on the flooded screed and assembly begins wooden frame Houses.
All load-bearing structures of the house are assembled from wood, usually boards 15x5, 20x7 cm are used.
Then the boards are sheathed with plywood 2 cm thick.
It is worth noting that all wood materials for building houses are pre-treated with certain mixtures and oils to protect against insects and water. At the same time these chemical compositions not harmful to human health.
All materials are fixed with nails and metal anchors. Screws, bolt ties are also used, mainly on critical "nodes". The beam is practically not used, it is replaced by several boards hammered together.
After the frame of the house is completed, communications begin to be carried out inside. Future sink in the kitchen. Used for sewerage plastic pipes 6 cm in diameter.
Also, the house inside begins to "grow" with various elements, for example, a bar counter.
Communications are carried out inside the walls.
Electrical is being done.
Black wire - television, yellow - electrical, white - internet.
A ventilation system is installed in the attic to heat and cool the house. In fact, it is a fiberglass soft pipe. On top, it has a shell of non-combustible fiberglass, under which glass wool is hidden, inside of which there is a soft aluminum tube. Today, such ventilation pipes are used wherever the air flow velocity does not exceed 30 m/s. At a higher air circulation rate, use a stiffer ventilation system.
Conclusion to the room.
Water node. For water, plastic pipes with a diameter of 13 mm are used, which can withstand a pressure of 0.7 MPa and a temperature of 95 C.
Bathroom and toilet.
Then the fireplace is installed. In this house, all fireplaces were gas, they are much easier to install, because. they do not require brickwork and problems with valves. In some houses, by order of the buyer, real fireplaces are built.
By the way, the gas fireplace heats the house well. Although, of course, it cannot be compared with a real fireplace.
Then the walls are sheathed with plywood on one side, glass wool is inserted into the openings on the other side, after which the wall is also sewn up with plywood. Then the plywood is sheathed with drywall. I note that the soundproofing in the house is very good, despite such an apparent fragility of the walls, and the screams of zombies from the nursery are not audible at all in the hall, as well as the loud TV in the bedroom. Thanks for the quality glass.
Then the drywall is plastered.
The future of the hot tub. are going various designs inside the house.
Shower cubicle.
Garage.
Then the windows are inserted. outer part the house is sheathed with additional noise-insulating and insulating polystyrene panels (blue on the left), with an R value of 3, the thickness of these panels is 13 mm. From above, the panels will be sewn up with a layer of thick plastic and roofing material (black on the right).
Windows used in construction are "south facing" and can only be used in Texas, Louisiana, Florida, southern California, Arizona and New Mexico. The windows have a U value of 2, a heating factor of 0.23, and a light transmission of 0.43.
Finally the time comes brickwork.
The brick is decorative, the ASTM standard - SW. In addition to brick, stone is also used.
