Do-it-yourself wood-burning fireplaces. Wood burning fireplace - design and varieties. Chimney installation

Everyone who has country houses and summer cottages is thinking about wood-burning fireplaces for the home.

If you have been thinking about acquiring this piece of furniture for a long time, but think that it is expensive, then read our article and you will understand that building a fireplace with your own hands is not so difficult.

The technology for creating a fireplace with high efficiency includes a lot of nuances, each of which must be taken into account during construction.

The main stages of building a fireplace at home with your own hands:

• operating principle;
• choice of location;
• choice of type (selection of high-quality bricks);
• choice of materials;
• size calculation;
• erection of a fireplace;
• creation of a competent chimney.

Once you have decided that you want to have a fireplace in your living room, you need to answer yourself the question - will it be clean decorative ornament at home, or you plan to use it to heat the room and keep it warm for a long time.

In this article, we will take a detailed look at how to make a wood-burning fireplace that will help you warm your home and reduce your energy bill.

Wood burning stoves for fireplaces country house function according to the following principle: as a result of the burning of dry firewood, heat is released, the stone heats up and can then store for a long time high temperature and heat up the room.

Such a stove may look different, but its main elements - a firebox and a chimney - are present in any case.

Maximum efficient fireplace it should be:

1. wide and shallow, even if it is angular, so that the heat transfer area increases;
2. masonry may not be even, and some bricks may protrude, this increases the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe heating surface, which means that heat transfer also increases;
3. since the efficiency of the fireplace is not very high, various tricks are invented to increase it. For example, so-called heat shields are added to the design - massive elements that heat up and generate additional heat.

Do not forget that no matter how well-built home, use it as the only means for heating a country house will not work.

This is especially true of the northern regions of the country - one cannot do without a central heating system.

But a properly built fireplace will delight you for a long time.

Location selection

How to properly place the stove on the territory of your country house or cottage is the first question that you ask yourself when starting construction.

You can see accommodation options in the photo below.

The first rule of a fireplace device is that the room should not be small. The fact is that in the process of burning, the fire takes a lot of oxygen from the room, which means that the room should be spacious.

There are, of course, ways to solve this issue in another way - a small cavity is left in the subfield of the hearth, an air channel that leads directly to the street and provides oxygen to the fire.

According to the method of placement in the room, a brick fireplace can be:

• angular;
• near the wall;
• central.

That is, you can install it in the corner of the room, just against the wall or in the very center.

Selecting the type of focus

Fireplaces for giving wood-burning can be divided into open and closed.

Closed ones have cast-iron bases (an internal boiler, in which the process of burning firewood takes place), lined with stone or brick.

The front door on such a firebox can be made of glass, which adds beauty and aesthetics to the whole structure.

You can look at the fire while the door is closed and less oxygen is supplied to the fire, which reduces the intensity of combustion, saving fuel.

This is done when the temperature in the room is already high enough and you just need to maintain it at a comfortable level.

Cast iron cassettes are relatively inexpensive compared to refractory bricks, so their use will also help save on construction.

The device has its own characteristics compared to an open one, but you can easily build both of them with your own hands.

Another classification of fireplaces:

• wall-mounted (corner);
• built-in;
• island.

Depending on the size of the room, the stove model is also chosen.

The island option is arranged in very large rooms, and if the room is not very spacious, then it will suit you better. corner option.

The island heats the room more efficiently, since any fireplace radiates radiant heat, then, being in the center of the room, it heats the room, and not the outer wall.

However, a corner fireplace can be more economical as only one front wall is built.

Each model has its own advantages and disadvantages, therefore, in each case, a hearth is chosen that meets the goals and tastes of the owner of a country house or cottage.

Each of them can be:

• gas;
• wood;
• electric.

And if with gas and electric fireplace everything is quite simple - you choose a design, they bring you home and install the model you have chosen, and now you are already admiring the beautiful artificial fire, brick fireplaces (including cast iron ones) are real stoves that require both special knowledge during construction and a certain care.

However, such a hearth looks much more spectacular, and the warmth from it is special. It will suit you if you care about the appearance of your suburban home and its efficient use.

And it is quite possible to build it with your own hands.

masonry materials

The simplest material for building a fireplace is brick (M-150 brand or fireclay).

The main characteristics of such a material: relatively inexpensive (compared to natural stone), an efficient, heat-resistant material that retains and releases heat for a long time, and which can last for many years.

The main thing is to take a brick of the right brand so that it can withstand the high temperature resulting from the combustion of fuel.

Other materials from which you can build a furnace with your own hands:

1. concrete;
2. stone.

For masonry, you will also need a clay-based mixture.

Ready-made dry oven mixture is sold in stores, but you can also make it yourself. To do this, you will need oily clay, quartz mountain sand and water.

The fine finish is made of heat-resistant materials that retain and give off heat for a long time. This different types stone (natural and artificial), wood, tiles, ceramics, decorative plaster.

Fireplace masonry

Once you have decided on exactly how your future home will look like, you need to make drawings according to which you will build.

This will help to finally decide on all the nuances and not deviate from the course. You can also find ready-made drawings that have already been verified by someone in practice.

A standard fireplace weighs about a ton, so it is rarely possible to do without a foundation or additional reinforcement under its base.

Before proceeding directly to the laying, the first row of bricks is laid out without using a mixture to make sure that the drawings are correct and everything is as planned.

After that, the first row of pipe bricks is also laid dry and plumb lines are lowered from the ceiling to make sure that the distance obtained is sufficient to make a horizontal fire cut.

The laying of the fireplace begins with the corners, then lay out the outer walls, and then the inside.

After the fireplace has been erected, its lining is carried out - this is the protection of the fireplace firebox with inside from refractory metal plates.

According to the construction technology, the corner fireplace is not particularly different from the usual one.

Strictly follow all the rules for building a fireplace, and it will serve you for a long time.

Creating a chimney

A fireplace chimney is a vertical channel for the exit of smoke and carbon dioxide.

Requirements for a good chimney:

1. the presence of strong traction so that the combustion products of the fuel do not enter the room in any case;
2. all its elements must be heat-resistant;
3. materials must be resistant to temperature extremes.

To create a chimney, a ceramic pipe is used, which is the main channel (ceramics are resistant to high heat and mechanical damage).

Top ceramic pipe sheathed mineral wool, and only after that a layer of brick, stone or concrete is laid, depending on what the fireplace is built from.

The chimney is often made curved at an angle of 90 degrees so that water and snow do not get inside.

A few words about aesthetics and design

No matter how important it is practical function fireplace - no one can deny the importance of its appearance.

After all, if the room has a fireplace, then it becomes the center of the whole interior. Therefore, it is very important to think over its appearance.

When creating a fireplace with your own hands, you can use heat-resistant facing materials and lay out not only the hearth itself, but also the wall behind it.

The fireplace does not have to be bulky and take up half the room. Look at the photo below, there are small models, such as corner ones, that will look harmonious in a room of less than 20 sq.m.

Cast-iron or forged elements are used as decorations - a wood basket, a spark arresting grate, tools and a stand for them - all this can further emphasize the spectacular effect of the fireplace, you can see examples in the photo below.

Fireplace maintenance

A brick fireplace is not a very complex structure, however, it also requires some attention in order to work without interruption.

The first thing that is required is cleaning the chimney. Even if everything functions without interruption, twice a year it is necessary to carry out diagnostics, check the chimney and clean it if necessary.

This will save you from unpleasant surprises. As a result long burning wood, soot is formed, which accumulates in places of bends, where there are some protrusions.

For ease of cleaning, special holes are made on the chimney with doors that allow you to better control the pollution of the fireplace.

wood burning fireplace in the house- This is a solid hearth with an open firebox.
Not only the function of heating is entrusted to it: among other things, it is a magnificent decoration that harmoniously combines the soft homeliness of the room with exquisite charm.
It is no coincidence that the popularity of such furnaces is extremely high.

There is an opinion that to equip decorative home do-it-yourself is so difficult that it is practically impossible. One can argue with this. To some extent, a fireplace is a lightweight and simplified version of a familiar stove. Their main difference lies in the method of heat transfer. So how realistic is it, and how to lay out a fireplace in the house yourself? Let's try to solve the problem together.

Operating principle

The principle of operation of a wood-burning fireplace is quite simple to understand.

Dry wood during combustion releases a lot of heat, from which the brick (stone) heats up.

He, in turn, having the ability to stay hot for a long time, shares heat gradually, for a long time, supplying the room with it.

The devices look different, but irreplaceable parts, a chimney and a firebox, are available in any model. How to achieve more efficiency from the furnace?

A good working fireplace, with high efficiency, should be:

• not too deep and wide enough;
• to increase the utility factor, special heat shields are added to the design. Their role is played by massive parts that emit a large amount of heat when heated:
• the masonry of the fireplace stove for the home is specially made with protrusions and irregularities, which increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe heated surface, and, accordingly, heat transfer.

The depth of its laying in is at least half a meter; in a two-story housing, this value increases to approximately 0.8 - 1.0 meters.

A convenient and budget option will be made of reinforced concrete.

A pit is dug around the perimeter of the future fireplace, the bottom is measured by level.

Broken bricks or large stones are placed there, which are well compacted, then poured. After leveling the resulting layer, the procedure is repeated.

The inner part of the foundation is poured with liquid concrete, the outer part is laid out on a dense thick mortar. Several such layers are made until about 30 centimeters remain to the top. Layers should lie flat, checked by level.

Then on from the double, on the clay mortar, two layers of bricks are placed. About 7 cm remains to the clean floor - this is the basis of the future wood-burning fireplace for the house.

You can make a foundation from autonomous blocks. It is irrational to combine the foundation of the fireplace with the foundation of the house itself, since they have a different draft.

masonry

So how do you fold the fireplace yourself? There are different methods of laying stoves; a fireplace stove is actually no different from them. It must be of such quality that a reliable monolithic structure is formed, which is provided by dressing of the longitudinal and transverse seams.

For this, a non-full-sized brick is used, and the alternation method is also used. different parts bricks (bonded and spoon) in the corners of the structure. The seams must have a strictly specified width: 0.5 cm for simple brick and 0.3 cm for refractory.

Fireplace masonry in the house

If this condition is not observed, the strength of the masonry suffers, since with strong heating the seams deform much more than brick. To ensure uniformity, a smooth plastic mortar should be used.

• Red brick has a high porosity, which is why it is able to absorb liquid. Therefore, before work, it must be soaked.
• The refractory brick is immediately ready for use. To improve adhesion with the solution, it is enough to wash off dust particles from it.

It is impossible to use both ceramic and refractory bricks for dressing joints at the same time: they have different performance characteristics, including the coefficient of expansion. It is not recommended to place parts of bricks chipped inside the smoke channel, so as not to interfere with the normal passage of gases.

arches

arch masonry

Covering the opening occupies one of important places in the composition of the fireplace.

More on initial stage work, thinking over the design of the fireplace, you can choose the right look for it.

It can be made of whole red brick, with perfectly straight lines and clear seams.

If the masonry turned out to be not very successful in appearance, it can be ennobled with plaster.

Metal, reinforced concrete are not suitable for covering the opening, as they expand greatly when heated, which leads to the destruction of the masonry. Very popular are arched and arched ceilings, which, in addition to functionality, are also very decorative.

Chimney

The wall of a brick smoke pipe must be at least half a brick wide. In the event that the surface is supposed to be plastered, a quarter thickness is acceptable. Chimney channels are recommended to be made strictly vertical.

It will not be difficult to create a brick fireplace in the house with your own hands if you follow all the recommendations exactly. The masonry of the chimney is the same as that of the fireplace itself. Some difficulties can be caused by laying a pipe at the place where it enters the roofing material.

Usually to ensure fire safety in the attic they make a masonry widening, called cutting. It can also be made from a prefabricated reinforced concrete slab equipped with a pipe hole. It is important to observe the following rules:

Masonry above roof level is the most difficult stage of work. Here, only selected bricks are used, which are placed on a cement-clay mortar. The riser is brought out above the roof plane by about two layers, after which they begin to lay out the otter. The laying of the pipe is completed with a neck and a head.

A brick pipe may well be replaced by a round or ceramic one. It is much easier to equip such a pipe than to lay it out of brick. But it has a significant drawback - it cools very quickly. If there is a significant break between the kindlings, it will be quite difficult to kindle the fireplace.

Therefore, such a pipe must be well insulated. joint round section and brick chimney masonry are securely strengthened. Pipe joints must be perfectly sealed.

Finishing

Finishing decorative stone

When making a fireplace for a country house, you can give free rein to your own imagination and bring your ideas and dreams to life. When it comes to - there is room for creative ideas to roam.

The new stove can be finished to your taste, choosing from several existing finishes.

Many different materials can be used for cladding.

Facing with ceramics is carried out from the bottom up, from the opening of the firebox to the required level. Spectacular marble tiles are used to finish the pre-furnace plate and fireplace portal.

Plastering

The surface of the fireplace must be prepared for the process. Masonry and cracks are cleared, a metal mesh is attached to inclined surfaces and to all large areas.

Special brackets are used, or it is simply nailed. All metal elements are protected with a layer of drying oil to avoid corrosion.

First, a small layer of plaster is applied, not thicker than 0.5 cm. When it dries well, another layer is applied.

For it, a more densely diluted composition or is used. If necessary, you can apply another layer, a third, but the total thickness of the coating should not be more than one and a half centimeters.

Plasterboard cladding

To give the product rectangular shape make facing the fireplace with plasterboard. To do this, first install a rigid frame, which is then finished with drywall.

Coloring

It is carried out on a pre-plastered surface. To do this, take adhesive and chalk coloring compositions. If you need a snow-white surface, you can add a little blue to the paint.

The popularity of fireplaces is currently growing steadily. After all, wood-burning fireplaces for the home create a unique atmosphere, making the home more comfortable and original.

There is an opinion that building wood-burning fireplaces is quite difficult and the process can cause a lot of trouble, but this is not so. After all, wood-burning fireplaces are inherently a simplified version of the stove, drawings of fireplaces different types easy to find in specialized literature. The difference between them is in the method of heat transfer. So, let's look at how to deal with the construction of a fireplace.

First you need to find out what types of fireplaces exist for the home.

Installation location

According to the place of installation, they distinguish:

• walls installed in the center;
• angular.

If the room in which you plan to install a fireplace is small, it is better to choose a corner option. Firstly, corner fireplaces are more compact, which is important when installed in a small private house. Secondly, corner fireplaces are a practical device. If you choose the right place, then the corner fireplace can be used to heat three rooms at once.

In addition, corner fireplaces look quite attractive, so you can install a corner fireplace not only for the purpose of heating, but also for beauty.

Purpose of installation

When planning a fireplace device, you should immediately decide on its purpose. It is possible to install a hearth for purely decorative purposes or for space heating. If you want to install a fireplace for the purpose of heating, then you should choose an installation with a water circuit. A fireplace stove with a water circuit can be used as a main or additional device for space heating.

A fireplace with a water circuit has a fairly simple device. An additional element of the furnace with a water circuit are cast-iron heat exchangers with a coil in the furnace. The fireplace operates with a water circuit simply:

• during combustion, cast-iron heat exchangers are heated, through which the coolant circulates;
• the heated coolant enters the heating system.

Note; in some cases, it is necessary to include a circulation pump in the heating system.

A fireplace with a water circuit as the main source of heating can only be used on summer cottage, since a furnace with a water circuit must be constantly heated (an alternative is a long-burning furnace, which will be discussed below).

In a house of permanent residence, it is more profitable to use a stove with a water circuit as an additional device for space heating, and a gas or electricity boiler is used as the main one. Since modern heating units are automatic, the main heating device will be turned off during the operation of the fireplace with a water circuit.

Furnaces-fireplaces of long burning

If wood-burning fireplaces for summer cottages are installed for the purpose of heating, it makes sense to choose a long-burning installation. These installations have closed fireboxes, there are three types of devices:

• class A - a long-burning stove capable of heating for 3 hours;
• class B - a long-burning heating device capable of holding at least 50% of the maximum power for 10 hours;
• type C - installations of long burning, capable of functioning autonomously for at least 10 hours.

However, class C long-burning installations are no longer home fireplace stoves, but gas-generating stoves that are not installed in a private house. To understand how a long-burning furnace functions, it is worth considering the drawings of this device. Long-burning installations have cast-iron currents in which solid fuel burns with limited air access. The gas formed during the smoldering process enters additional cast-iron chambers, where oxygen is supplied. It is during the combustion of gas that the heat used for space heating is released.

Please note: trying to make a fireplace with your own hands so that it functions as a long-burning device is useless, because it is impossible to achieve the desired tightness of the chambers.

What if the house is wooden?

You can install a fireplace with your own hands not only in a reinforced concrete or brick building, but also in wooden house built from a log or from a bar. But which option would you prefer? Let's try to figure it out.

Judging by the reviews, one of the best options hearth for wooden house from a bar is a brick fireplace. A brick hearth retains heat well; if desired, you can lay out a brick fireplace with your own hands. However, it must be taken into account that this brick structure has an impressive weight, so you need to make a foundation for a fireplace at the stage of building the foundation of a house from a bar.

A ready-made metal fireplace with a closed firebox is quite suitable for a wooden house. The main advantage of the option is that the metal fireplace is lighter and you can install it already in a finished house from a bar, and you don’t have to make a foundation.

In addition, a metal fireplace can be very compact in size. Therefore, you can install a metal fireplace not only in a spacious living room, but also in a relatively small room of a house made of timber. And since a metal fireplace has a closed firebox, this will reduce the risk of fire, which is very important if you plan to install a hearth in a house made of timber. A metal fireplace is also suitable for frame house. However, you can install a fireplace in frame house brick, but for this you will have to build a foundation for a fireplace in advance

Foundation for a fireplace

First of all, you need to build a foundation for a fireplace, this must be done if the weight of the structure exceeds 700 kg., And any brick fireplace weighs much more. For one-story house foundation depth must be at least 0.5 m, and for a two-story building with the expectation of a high pipe, at least 0.8–1.0 m. It is best to make it from reinforced concrete. A foundation pit must be dug around the entire perimeter of the fireplace.

• In order to make a foundation for a fireplace, it is necessary to dig a pit, the bottom of which must be level. The first row of large stones or broken bricks is laid at the bottom of the pit. We first trample and tamp this layer into the bottom, and only then pour concrete and level it. Next, we repeat the operation.
• We put the outer rows of the foundation on a thicker solution, and inner part zabutovyvaem and fill with a liquid solution. We continue to make such layers until the surface remains about 30–35 cm. Be sure to check the fill level.
• After that, we lay two layers of bricks using clay mortar. Under the first layer we put waterproofing, consisting of two layers of roofing material. To the level of the finished floor, leave approximately 7 cm(one row of bricks), as this will already be the base of the fireplace.

Do-it-yourself foundations for wood-burning fireplaces are also made from separate blocks. It is undesirable to tie the foundation of the house to the foundation of the fireplace, since they have different drafts.

A heavy brick fireplace on the second floor is made on a separate foundation, which rests on I-beams mounted on one and a half bricks into the wall. A light fireplace can be built without beams, but for this it is necessary to strengthen the logs.

If the house is on pile foundation, then it is advisable to build a foundation for the furnace on screw piles. When installing the foundation on screw piles under the fireplace, additional supports are installed in the corners, after which, using a channel, these supports are combined with a common foundation. That is, if the concrete foundation for the furnace is not connected with the foundation of the house, then this is not the case when building a support on screw piles. This is quite safe, since the piles will be immersed in the ground to the same depth. In addition, the ground heaving processes do not affect the foundation on screw piles.

It should be noted that the construction of a foundation on screw piles will cost much less than the construction of a reinforced concrete support.

Chimney device

An important point is the device of the chimney. When developing a fireplace project and drawing up drawings of this design, engineering calculations are carried out, since the chimney must provide sufficient draft. The type of chimney is selected depending on the type of fireplace. If it is planned to lay out brick ovens, then the pipe is made of brick. For metal fireplaces, a stainless steel pipe is mounted.

In order to avoid this, the pipe is insulated (see). The junction of the round pipe and the brickwork of the fireplace must be well reinforced with a casting with reinforcement. Particular attention must be paid to the joints of the pipes in the couplings - they must be airtight.

Fireplace finish

When planning to build a fireplace with your own hands, it is worth considering the issue of finishing (see). After all, a do-it-yourself wood-burning fireplace is something that will later give you pleasure and aesthetic pleasure!

There are several ways of facing and finishing the fireplace.

1. Plastering.
   • The surface of the fireplace is pre-prepared for plastering.
   • The gaps in the masonry are cleared, and a metal mesh is stretched over large and inclined surfaces. This mesh is nailed to surfaces or used to stretch "P" shaped brackets, which are laid during masonry.
   • Then drying oil is applied to all metal parts to avoid corrosion.
   • The first layer of plaster is applied to warm walls with a thickness of not more than 5 mm.
   • After the first layer has dried, a second, but already thicker plaster is applied.
   • If it is necessary to close the remaining metal parts, a third layer is applied, but the total thickness of the plaster should not exceed 15 mm.
2. Coloring.
   The plastered surfaces are then painted. In this case, chalk and adhesive solutions are used. To give whiteness, blue is added to the paint.
3. Plasterboard lining.
   This is done to give the fireplace a rectangular shape. First, a frame is built, and then sheathed with drywall.
4. decorative design.
   When facing, many types of materials are used. For example, you can lay out a portal using decorative brick, natural stone, fire-resistant ceramic tiles, slate, etc. Start making ceramic lining it is necessary from the opening of the firebox, it is led from the bottom up to the desired level. Marble tiles are faced with both the fireplace portal and the pre-furnace slab.

Thinking about building or purchasing a country house, almost every owner dreams of a beautiful fireplace. They add a graceful and romantic sophistication to the interior and allow you to truly enjoy the atmosphere. home comfort. In this article we will tell you in detail how to make a fireplace with your own hands, and ours step-by-step instruction will allow even a beginner to cope with this difficult task.

Any fireplace, no matter what size and shape it is, consists of the following main parts:

• firebox;
• ash pan;
• grate;
• portal (body);
• chimney.

The combustion chamber, in turn, can be of an open or closed type. If you have chosen a fireplace with a closed firebox, then the design will include additional elements: gate, transparent doors from heat-resistant glass.

The efficiency, service life and reliability of the fireplace are also affected by the materials from which it will be made. You can completely build a fireplace out of bricks by making the furnace part of heat-resistant (fireclay) material, and the rest of the structure of red ceramic.

And you can buy a ready-made cast-iron firebox, around which to build a body, a portal and a brick chimney.

Of particular importance is the good thermal insulation of the combustion chamber, because if a fireplace is erected in a house built of wood, there is high risk the occurrence of a fire. Therefore, great attention should be paid to the thermal insulation of the fireplace and the protection of the flooring, walls, and roof.

There are several classifications of the fireplace: according to appearance portal, in shape and size of the firebox.

If the width of the portal does not exceed 51 cm, then such a fireplace is classified as a small form.

Width up to 63 cm - to medium.

Over 63 cm - to large fireplaces.

The combustion chamber is made of steel or cast iron. The purchase of a ready-made firebox will greatly facilitate the process of building a fireplace. In addition, a closed-type cast-iron firebox looks very stylish in a modern interior.

Some experts recommend laying out the inside of a cast-iron or steel combustion chamber with fireclay bricks in order to minimize metal contact with fire, especially when it comes to steel. Under the fuel chamber, as a rule, there is a fuel basket.

The working processes in the fireplace are as follows:

• Logs and firewood are placed in the combustion chamber on the grate and set on fire.
• The intensity of combustion is controlled by a slide gate, which opens or closes the access to oxygen. With an open type of firebox, the intensity of combustion can only be regulated by the amount of firewood.
• As the firewood is burned, the ash is collected under the grate, in a special ash pan, which must be cleaned regularly. The ash pan can be built-in, or you can make a retractable design, which will greatly facilitate the operation process.
• Gases from the combustion of logs are discharged through a special pipe to the street. It is possible to equip the chimney with forced draft, which is a fan. In this case, you can adjust the draft by turning the fan on or off, which will increase the heat output of the fireplace.

The fireplace chimney can be made of steel or brick. On sale today you can also find ceramic prefabricated structures, but their construction requires special skill.

When developing a fireplace project for a home, great attention should be paid to fire safety measures.

The construction of the fuel chamber is one of the most difficult and critical stages of work. The firebox is located under the chimney. A special role is played by the chimney tooth, which is integral with the back wall of the firebox.

1. Base

As for the base, in itself it can have a completely different size and shape. This is a structural part that is located under the fuel chamber. It depends only on the owners where exactly the firebox will be located: below the floor or at the level of the kitchen table.

The lower the firebox is located, the more heat it will give, taking the cold part of the air from below.

It is preferable to make a firebox, under which it is located at floor level, but this is not always possible. In a multi-storey modern cottage, it is impossible to build a fireplace of this configuration, because the ash pan should be located under the stove. Ideally, this is a working basement where the foundation is being built.

But you can implement another version of the ash pan, placing it below the hearth of the fireplace with a retractable system. Then the operation of the fireplace will not cause any difficulties at all.

Separately, you should stop at the level of the slope of the back wall of the fireplace.

Here, the opinions of experts are divided into 2 camps. Some argue that it should be erected strictly vertically. Others insist on erecting the back wall of the fireplace at an angle of 300 inward. Why is it necessary to perform this slope.

The laying of the fireplace also depends on the size of the combustion chamber. So for structures with increased heat transfer, it is necessary to put the walls "on edge". The inclination of the rear wall of the firebox gives improved heat reflection into the room area.

1. Portal

There are two options for covering the portal: straight and arched. In this case, the radius of the arch should be equal to half the width of the portal.

The arch is the most reliable overlap of the portal. It transfers the entire vertical load of the upper row of masonry. According to their shape, they, in turn, are divided into 3 types: arched, straight and semicircular.

A semicircular arch is ½ of a circle. This option is the simplest and most reliable. The radius of curvature is equal to ½ of the width of the firebox.

The bow arch is flatter than the semi-circular and is best used for wide fireboxes. Or, in the event that you are forced to limit the height of the firebox.

Bow arch

The bow arch is not a ½ circle, but only its 1 sector.

And finally, a straight arch is suitable if you need a direct overlap of the fireplace portal. Despite its simple appearance, it is considered the most difficult to manufacture. Here it is necessary to very accurately calculate the angle of the cut of the brick.

The firebox, located under the firebox, usually has a rectangular or trapezoidal shape, and above the firebox there is a mouth where smoke rushes during the combustion of firewood.

A small lintel or overlap is built in front of this mouth, and a “tooth” is behind it. Above the firebox is a smoke bag (smoke box), where smoke is collected and directed up the pipe. In order to regulate this flow, a damper is installed in the front.

Types of fireplace: configuration and location

Starting a project for arranging a fireplace in a house, first of all, you need to consider its location.

There are several options for placing this heating unit:

• Central location. By placing a fireplace in the middle of the room, you certainly make it the main focus. It looks stylish and allows you to give the interior a special charm. country comfort. This arrangement also allows you to effectively heat the room, as warm air will circulate freely throughout the room.

  

  But there is a drawback to such a location: the fireplace will occupy most of the area and interfere with movement. Therefore, if you are cramped in square meters, then it is better to refuse this option.

• Wall fireplace. One of the most common options, which has a lot of advantages: saving room space, efficient heating, the ability to create a separate recreation area, etc.

  

  The only drawback is that you will have to properly take care of fire safety and lay an additional layer of insulation between the fireplace and the wall.

• Corner fireplace. This option is suitable even for the smallest room, as it takes up a very small area. Besides, corner design looks especially stylish. Another advantage of this arrangement is a simple ordering scheme that even a beginner in the furnace business can handle.

  

  If for the construction of a free-standing fireplace you need to have certain experience, knowledge and skill, since all the walls are in sight, then the corner design will hide all the flaws. The main thing is to do the front part well, all other sides can be hidden from the eyes with finishing materials.

The following factors must also be taken into account:

Basic rules for the construction of a fireplace

In order for the fireplace to serve for a long time and please with its warmth, it is necessary to strictly follow the basic rules during its construction:

• A brick fireplace is built on a separate foundation.
• For laying the firebox, it is necessary to use only fireclay (heat-resistant) bricks, which should not be tied with the main one.
• In the places where the door and ash pan are installed, it is necessary to lay an asbestos cord and leave a gap for the expansion of the metal.
• The inside of the combustion chamber should not be plastered.
• The rear wall of the fuel chamber should be slightly inclined.

Do not forget about fire safety, because any design that runs on solid fuel presents an additional risk.

The main point of fire safety in arranging a fireplace in country house or in the country is the installation of cuttings in the path of passage of smoke.

If the wall is adjacent to the fireplace, then heat-resistant material (basalt fiber, asbestos, felt, etc.) must be laid between it and the heating unit. The thickness of such an overlap should be at least 20-25 mm.

If the fireplace is installed on wooden floor, then along the perimeter it is necessary to lay a metal sheet or perform on a coating of ceramic tiles with an indent of 30-35 mm on each side.

Within a radius of 150 mm from chimney where it passes through the ceiling, it is necessary to organize reliable thermal insulation from a double layer of felt impregnated with clay or asbestos fiber.

The chimney must work autonomously with only one fireplace.

There are also certain fire safety rules for the operation of the fireplace:

• Do not bring the fireplace to the maximum temperature.
• Carry out a systematic cleaning of the fireplace from ash and soot.
• The safe distance between the fireplace and nearby flammable objects must be at least 70 cm.
• Use only suitable fuel for your outdoor fireplace.

We calculate the dimensions of the fireplace correctly

When designing and creating a drawing of a future fireplace, it is very important to correctly calculate its width and height.

Dimensions of elements, mm	Room area
	12 m2	15 m2	20m2	25 m2	30 m2	40m2
Portal Width	400	500	600	700	800	900
portal height	420	490	560	630	700	770
Firebox depth	300	320	350	380	400	420
Back wall height	at least 360
Back wall width	300	400	450	500	600	700
Smoke box height	570	600	630	660	700	800
Chimney section with a rough inner surface	140*270	140*270	270*270	270*270	270*400	270*400
Chimney section with a smooth inner surface	140*140	140*270	140*270	270*270	270*270	270*270

The size of the firebox depends on the area of ​​​​the room. There is a simple formula that will allow you to correctly perform all the calculations:

Measure the area of ​​the room and divide it by 50.

The resulting value is the size of the furnace window.

To heat a small room at 20 square meters, a fireplace with a furnace opening of 0.50 m 2 is quite enough.

We also suggest using the table to correctly calculate all the necessary parameters for the future fireplace.

After calculating the width of the firebox, you need to decide on its depth. The efficiency of heating the fireplace directly depends on this parameter. According to the standard calculation formula, it is equal to 2/3 of the furnace height.

If you ignore this factor and, for the sake of appearance, decide to increase the depth of the furnace, then this will directly affect the heat transfer of the fireplace.

Almost all the heat received from the combustion of firewood will go through the pipe to the street. In this case, the fireplace will perform more of a decorative function, delighting with a beautiful glow of fire. You will only have time to put firewood in the firebox.

When reducing the depth of the combustion chamber in relation to its height, there may be a possibility of smoke in the room.

In addition to the correct calculation of the firebox, great attention must be paid to the arrangement of the chimney, on which fire safety and good draft depend.

According to the norms of SNiP, the diameter of the chimney must be at least 150:170 mm. If you chose a chimney with a rectangular section, then its width should be equal to 1/10 of the size of the combustion chamber.

The height of the chimney must not be less than 5 meters. But sometimes, with high floor heights, you will need to raise the chimney even higher. In this case, we focus on the ridge of the roof and the place where the pipe exits.

The figure shows how to correctly display the height of the chimney.

Therefore, it is good to calculate all these parameters before you start building a fireplace with your own hands.

How to make a fireplace with your own hands: step by step instructions and ordering

We give a diagram of laying a fireplace with a fuel chamber of the following size:

Portal width - 62 cm.

Height - 49 cm.

The depth of the fuel chamber is 32 cm.

The cross section of the chimney is 26*26 cm.

We will lay out the back of the structure from ½ of the brick, and the side from the whole.

Step 1. Sketching and Drawing

Whatever size and configuration you choose for your fireplace, you must complete the drawings and sketches before you start building it.

1. Drawing a sketch and making a drawing.

Having decided on the place where you want to place the future fireplace, draw a drawing on paper. Now decide on the size of the unit and calculate each side. Make a detailed drawing. Make sure that the flue system will not come to floors and beams. Decide which side the blower will be on, and which firebox will be.

1. We prepare tools and materials.

Immediately you need to decide what kind of lining you will cover the fireplace. If the design is being prepared “for jointing”, then the brick must be purchased red ceramic. If you plan to decorate with clinker tiles, then you can buy a more budget option.

We offer detailed diagram erection of a red brick fireplace "for jointing" with a stone firebox.

For this we need:

1. Fireclay refractory brick for the combustion chamber (not lower than M200).
2. Red ceramic brick for whole fireplace. - 250 pcs (excluding pipes). You can additionally take 10% of the total, taking into account defects and errors.
3. Mortar for laying the foundation (cement, fine sand, gravel and water).
4. Mortar for laying bricks.
5. Roofing material for foundation waterproofing.
6. Boards for the construction of formwork.
7. Grate.
8. It blew.
9. Metal door.
10. damper.
11. Metal rods and wire for reinforcement.
12. Metal wire 0.8 mm for dressing.
13. Asbestos cord.

From the tools prepare:

1. Trowel for laying bricks.
2. Roulette and marker.
3. Rule.
4. Bulgarian for turning bricks.
5. Building level, protractor and plumb.
6. stapler.
7. Shovel and bayonet shovel.
8. Solution bucket.
9. Construction mixer or drill with a nozzle.
10. Rubber mallet for laying bricks.
11. Construction hammer for the construction of formwork.

Step 2. Preparatory work

1. Foundation arrangement.

The construction of the foundation should be given special attention, since all further operation of the fireplace depends on its reliability.

When arranging the foundation in an operated cottage, you must immediately take into account the location of the beams, roof lintels, rafter legs etc.

Do not save time and effort and make a separate foundation for the heating unit, so that when shrinking, common foundation under the house did not deform the design of the fireplace.

When arranging the foundation for a fireplace at the zero cycle of building a house, this process will not cause any particular difficulties. You simply perform work on the construction of the base of the fireplace according to a single scheme:

- excavation to the depth of freezing.

- creation of formwork;

- execution of the underlying layer of sand and gravel;

- waterproofing with roofing material or polyethylene;

- reinforcement with metal rods;

- pouring the foundation for 2 bricks to the final floor;

- technological break 20 days.

We have previously discussed in detail that. The scheme for laying the foundation for a fireplace is no different.

Another thing is if you decide to build a fireplace in an already operated house. This process will be accompanied by the stage of dismantling the flooring at the installation site of the fireplace.

To do this, measure with a marker required size fireplace according to the drawing, indent 15-20 cm on each side and use a grinder to cut a hole in the floor.

Remove the used boards and start deepening the soil. Next, proceed according to the standard scheme for pouring the foundation.

After removing the base of the fireplace to the level of the finished floor, you will need to beautifully arrange the gap between the floor covering and the stone structure.

Advice! No matter how carefully you work, in the process of laying a fireplace in the house, dust and dirt will inevitably form. Before starting construction work, cover all furniture and floors with polyethylene.

1. Fire safety works.

When arranging a fireplace in a wooden house, it is very important to protect the walls adjacent to it from overheating.

You can lay an asbestos sheet between the fireplace and the ceiling, or you can tile the wall with ceramic tiles.

1. Preparing bricks for laying.

After the foundation is completely dry and set, you can start building.

Select the entire brick, sort it by size and soak the part that you will work with at this stage. This must be done so that it does not absorb moisture from the masonry mortar.

Before erecting a fireplace, according to the order, even experienced stove-makers first “dry” lay out the bricks. So you can see everything difficult places, which you will encounter, and avoid serious mistakes that will then be difficult to correct.

Advice. Laying out the rows “dry”, number each row on the bricks and put a serial number. So you can get the job done faster.

Step 3. Laying the fireplace

The fireplace must be built on a base that is well waterproofed. To do this, measure the size of the structure on a roofing material sheet, cut it out and lay it in layers on the base.

Now you can start laying the fireplace itself. For laying a fireplace, use a mortar that is also suitable for laying stoves.

Soak red clay for several days in a trough of water.

To prepare the solution, we combine 8 parts of sand and 8 parts of clay, add 1 part of water and mix thoroughly with a construction mixer.

Now we check its readiness. By consistency, it should resemble thick sour cream. If it turned out to be too liquid, you can add a little sand.

Dip the trowel into the solution and see if the mixture flows off it or not. If it is glass, leaving a thin layer of 2-3 mm, then the solution is ready. If it gets thick, dilute with water.

In order to clearly erect a fireplace vertically, you can pull the plumb lines. They will serve as a kind of beacon by which you will navigate.

1st row is the base of the fireplace.

The correct layout of the entire structure depends on it. For this row, it is better to use a masonry mortar with a small addition of cement. The recommended joint thickness is 5 mm. Check the level horizontally and diagonally, determine the angles with a goniometer. They must be strictly 90 0 .

If you want to shape the base of the fireplace unusual view, then you can lay out the bricks on the edge on the basement row. The base must be raised by 25-28 cm at the level of the finished floor.

Maintaining the same thickness of the seam when laying a fireplace is not so easy, especially for a beginner. Eat little trick. Use wooden slats 0.5 cm thick as a guide.

Make sure that the masonry mortar does not get on the front side, because we are building a fireplace “under the jointing”. After completion of work, it will be troublesome to wipe off the frozen solution.

When laying a brick on a rail, press it gently with your hand and tap it with a rubber mallet over the entire plane. So he sits well and grabs. Make sure that the solution is not squeezed out of the cracks.

Wooden slats are removed after 3-4 rows of bricks have been laid.

2 row. It is laid out similarly to the first red brick, according to the scheme. Completely fill this row with bricks.

3 row. Here we begin to build the bottom of the fuel chamber, laying fireclay bricks on edge. It is not necessary to bind the refractory brick with red.

We install the grate, taking into account the metal expansion gap of 3-5 mm.

4 row - we begin the formation of the firebox. Laying out several rows, wipe the bricks with a damp cloth so that the mortar sets better. Here in this row, we install the fuel chamber door. Consider the metal expansion gap.

the door, for reliability, is mounted on a metal mustache, which is laid in the seam between the rows of bricks.

In the 5th row we install a blower.

8 row. We carry out the slope of the rear wall of the firebox at 30 0. This element is also called the "mirror" of the fireplace.

9-14 row. We proceed to the formation of the arch.

The overlap of the portal is largely determined by the design of the fireplace. This part of the work will not cause much difficulty.

by the most simple option there will be the use of steel corners on which bricks are placed. But with such a masonry, it is better to clad the fireplace in the future. decorative material, which will close the steel corner.

Considering that we have chosen the option "with a fireplace" we will not use this method.

In order to accurately perform a semi-cylindrical arch, it is necessary to make a circle from a sheet of plywood.

We draw a circle on the sheet with a compass, divide it into 2 parts of the required radius (1/2 of the width of the firebox) and cut out 2 semicircles using a grinder.

Place these 2 parts of the circle on the floor and insert 11 cm long wooden bars between them. Fasten the structure with self-tapping screws. The circle is ready.

All bricks must be ground into a wedge. How to accurately determine the size of the wedge. You can, of course, calculate it according to the formula, or you can use the proven method manually.

Place the circle on the floor and attach 1 brick to it.

Take the thread and pull it from the center of the circle to the upper left corner. Draw with a pencil along the stretched thread.

Do the same procedure with the right side - this way you got a batch of bricks with measured markings for a wedge. It remains now to carefully cut off the grinder according to the markings. Remember to number the bricks first so that you can easily lay them in the correct order.

Lay out the arch symmetrically, bringing the bricks from the corners to the center.

Chimney masonry

19-20 row. We run a chimney.

21-22 row. We continue to run the chimney. In the 22nd row, we install a fireplace valve.

23 row we make fluff, giving the structure the shape of a dovetail. Fluff or "otter" is done in the place where the chimney pipe is in maximum contact with the roof.

The height of the fluff can vary from 29 to 36 cm. A drain is discharged above the fluff, which is laid out until it comes into contact with the roof. The size of the riser and the chimney must match.

A metal umbrella follows on top of the chimney to protect against precipitation and debris.

Step 5. Facing work

In order to grout the fireplace, add clean, sifted river sand to the clay mortar and mix thoroughly. This mass should be thick and plastic.

Step 6. Putting the fireplace into operation

Considering that the fireplace is laid with wet bricks, before the first kindling, the structure must be well dried.

In the first week, natural drying occurs. To do this, it will simply be enough to open the door of the ash chamber and the firebox. And in the second week, it is necessary to kindle the fireplace every day and not bring it to maximum heat. Check traction.

Instructions for laying a fireplace with a cast-iron firebox and a metal chimney

The advantage of installing a steel chimney (in our case, sandwich pipes) is that it can be led out through the wall. This greatly expands your options for placing a fireplace in the house.

To build such a fireplace, you will need the same tools as in the previous instructions, and from the materials you need to prepare:

• Cast iron firebox with glass.
• Sandwich pipe kit.
• Silicone sealant.
• Clamps, tee.
• Elbow 45 0 or 90 0 (depending on the location of the chimney structure).
• Bracket for supporting the chimney pipe.
• Mineral wool (to isolate the passage of the pipe through the ceiling).
• Protective umbrella on the pipe (from precipitation and debris).

1. The arrangement of a separate foundation is carried out as standard with deepening of the soil, erection of formwork and cementing.
2. Fireplace insulation. It is impossible to mount a fireplace close to the wall. Therefore, between wooden wall, which will have a fireplace, it is necessary to lay out superisol. If space allows, you can build an additional thin wall from silicate bricks. Please note that the wall in this case must be built on the same foundation as the fireplace. Please take this into account when designing. The size of the wall should exceed the size of the fireplace by 50-70 cm on each side.
3. Base laying (2 rows are laid with solid bricks).

   

4. The erection of the pedestal - lay out 4 rows of red brick in the form of the letter P. If you have chosen a wide firebox, then the width of the pedestal should also be increased. Use cement-clay mortar when laying bricks. The pedestal will increase the heat transfer of the fireplace, because cold air will climb from below and, passing through the firebox, rise up.
5. Ash pan installation.
6. On the 4th row of bricks, we make grooves using a file and insert them into them metal corners ribs up.
7. We put the 5th row of bricks, which will go under the base of the firebox. We apply a layer of refractory mastic on it.
8. We install .

   

   You will need an assistant for this job because heavy weight designs. It is necessary to carefully lower the fuel chamber from the bottom up, while indenting from the back of the wall by 5 cm. While the mastic or refractory glue has not hardened, check the degree of horizontal inclination with a building level. At this stage, errors can still be corrected.

   

9. from sandwich pipes.

   
   

10. Furnace lining with bricks. After the firebox is connected to the chimney, it is necessary to overlay it with bricks using heat-resistant glue or cement mortar.

    

    When lining the firebox, it is very important to take into account a thermal gap of 5 mm between the cast-iron wall and the outer casing. The order in this case is not important, since, in fact, you are building a brick box according to the size of the finished firebox. At the stage of finishing the chimney, it is very important to ensure that the lining does not rest on the pipe.

11. Chimney lining with plasterboard. Immediately according to the scheme, a frame is erected from a metal profile, onto which drywall is screwed with self-tapping screws.

    

    It needs to be insulated from the inside. heat-insulating mats from non-combustible material. In this case, they should be attached to the firebox and chimney with the foil side.

12. The outer part is sheathed with drywall.
13. Facing work. You can beautifully decorate the fireplace with any facing material: clinker brick, decorative stone, plaster, etc. After the facing work is completed, you can perform flooring. Keep in mind that parquet or laminate cannot be laid close to the fireplace. The distance must be at least 80 cm.
14. Fireplace drying and heating.

When all work is completed, you can decorate the fireplace with a stylish, hand-made one.

It is unlikely that anyone will argue that you can look at the flickering fire in the fireplace for an infinitely long time.

And if everything is clearly done according to our instructions, then such a fireplace will delight not only with the creation of a special aura of home comfort, but also give warmth, heating the house.

To make it easier for you to deal with the construction of a fireplace with your own hands, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with detailed video instruction.

Video. Fireplace masonry

A hand-made wood-burning fireplace will fill your home with warmth and comfort, combining the qualities of decorativeness and functionality. Proven solutions and recommendations of the masters will help to create an original design in accordance with individual preferences. The erection will require special attention to the technical and fire safety of the element.

Construction work on the construction of a wood-burning fireplace must take into account functional purpose designs. Heat generation takes place in the combustion chamber, as a result of burning firewood. The streams of decay products, smoke, are sent to the smoke outlet and then move up the chimney.

The fireplace consists of several elements that are the basis of its design:

• firebox (firebox);
• smoke collection (gas threshold);
• chimney;
• firewood, shutters.

To increase the efficiency of the combustion chamber, you can use a closed type of design. This option will act as a full-fledged source of heat. A rational solution would be to connect a fireplace stove to a water supply or heating system. In case of impossibility of installation of a dimensional design, an electric fireplace will act as an alternative.

Preparatory work: drawing up a drawing

Do-it-yourself wood-burning fireplaces for the home are made on the basis of a pre-designed project. Schemes, drawings allow you to more accurately determine the installation location of the structure. The best option Installing a wood burning fireplace for a home is the corner of the intersection, or the area of ​​the load-bearing facade wall.

It is important to take into account the parameters of the ratio of the size of the furnace and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room. It is necessary to strictly observe the proportionality of the depth and height of the firebox, the width of the portal. A prerequisite for the quality operation of the element is the absence of smoke and good heat transfer.

The combustion process requires oxygen, so in small rooms it is recommended to provide additional air ducts. Making wood-burning fireplaces for your home with your own hands, drawing up drawings will help determine the sequence of work and calculate the amount of materials needed.

Tools and materials

Before the start of the construction works prepare tools and materials. You will need technical and manual devices:

• trowels, spatulas, hammer;
• solution containers;
• level, tape measure, plumb line, pencil;
• grinder, tile cutter;
• screwdriver, perforator.

The calculation of the amount of materials is based on the model and dimensions of the structure. The standard construction process includes:

• brick (red, facing);
• self-tapping screws, dowels;
• corners, steel strips;
• cement, mastic, sealant;
• heat-resistant masonry mixture;
• minirite, heat-insulating plates;
• ceramic tile;
• profiles, drywall;
• grates for the furnace, dampers.

It is important to take into account the need for fire safety of the structure when selecting heat-resistant materials.

Accommodation options

Initially, you should decide on the location of the firebox. A homemade fireplace can be corner, occupy an island (central) position, or be placed near the wall of the room. There are also built-in (suspended), adjacent ovens. A do-it-yourself wood-burning fireplace can perform an exclusively decorative function, or act as an additional source of heating.

The central location will ensure uniform heating of the room. The disadvantage of the design is the overall size and bulkiness. You should also take into account the total area of ​​​​the room. The island position of the fireplace is appropriate in rooms over 50 square meters. m.

Do-it-yourself corner wood-burning fireplace occupies the most favorable angle. The installation method saves space due to the compact design.

Wall options require special attention to fire safety measures. During installation, the need to use refractory materials and the creation of a small gap between the fireplace and the wall should be taken into account.

Suspended structures involve mounting to the wall, or in special niches. They are more often used as a decorative element, due to the low power of the mini hearth of the summer cottage. Adjacent fireplaces are able to fully perform the heating function. The location of the combustion chambers on both sides allows you to increase the efficiency and heat capacity of the structure.

Self installation

Do-it-yourself wood-burning fireplaces for summer cottages, regardless of the type of construction, must be equipped with a central element - a firebox. Installation is carried out strictly in accordance with the produced drawings and calculations. It will be impossible to eliminate defects and irregularities in the future.

After preparing the foundation, foundation and pedestal, a U-shaped slab of refractory material. The open space should face the wall. When installing, it is recommended to slightly deepen the cuts. After checking the evenness of the laying of the plate, you can proceed directly to the installation of the furnace. It is important to keep a small distance between the wall.

After installing a wood-burning fireplace insert for a summer residence, the external design of the structure should be completed. The side masonry of the facade should not come into contact with the surface of the firebox, adjoining tightly only in the wall area. All joints, joints, are carefully treated with a refractory sealant, or gypsum plaster. At the height of the masonry, which exceeds the firebox by two rows, the second heat-resistant plate is laid and fixed.

Foundation installation

The dimensions of the foundation must exceed the dimensions of the fireplace by 30-40 cm. The element is deepened by at least 50 cm. A base that is too thin may not withstand the weight load of the structure. If the floor of the building is made of wood, you will need to remove the coating along with the logs.

Next is the cement pouring of the foundation. Initially, part of the mixture is poured out, reinforced with a mesh, leveled, and a second layer of mortar is laid. A variant of the foundation for the fireplace can be brickwork with dressing. The base must be leveled and waterproofed.

Fireplace base

Regardless of the type of construction, do-it-yourself standard or mini wood-burning fireplaces require a solid and reliable foundation. The weight load of the furnace, body can cause subsidence, cracks, violation of the integrity of the coatings. The base must be made of non-combustible materials.

Plot wooden wall near the fireplace will need to be closed brickwork and sheathed with refractory insulation. Next, markings are made in accordance with the width of the fireplace. The base in the floor must take into account the parameters of the foundation masonry.

pedestal

The pedestal implies laying out a U-shaped element of red brick. As a solution, a mixture based on sand and clay is used. Brick can be replaced aerated concrete blocks, in the event of a high degree of load in the overlap area. The laying process should be regularly monitored by the level, avoiding irregularities and drops. Bricks are adjusted with a rubber mallet. It is recommended to immediately remove excess solution.

After completing the fourth row, metal corners are laid with an edge, with protrusions to the top. Brick laying is carried out on 2/3 of the pedestal, keeping the space near the wall free. After strengthening the surfaces with a solution, the planes are aligned to the level.

The installation of the chimney involves the creation of a cutout in the ceiling, which must correspond to the hole in the firebox of the fireplace. In the area between the furnace and the ceiling, metal profile sheets are fixed, which are also the frame of the chimney.

A pipe is inserted into the hole created and led through the ceiling to the attic. Special clamps will help ensure the vertical installation. It is important to make a heat-insulating lining of the chimney and cover the frame with foil at the end. Outside, you can finish with drywall, or panels. It is necessary to provide for the installation of air ducts.

Exterior finish

Exterior decoration will emphasize the decorative effect of a wood-burning fireplace. On final stage erection of the structure, the furnace is lined with stone or tiles. The surface of the floor around the fireplace also requires clearance. Laying laminate, or parquet, is recommended at a distance of at least 50 cm from the firebox.

Openwork forged screens, tongs, firewood stands, will give the design a complete look. The original wood-burning fireplace, made by hand, will bring a touch of home comfort and warmth to the interior.