With the help of silicone molds for gypsum, it is possible to create a variety of decorations for walls and ceilings: rosettes, moldings, plugs, friezes, brackets, columns, pilasters, plates, gypsum lamps, etc.

Such a classic version of decor, such as, despite the considerable price of finishing work in Moscow, is still a relevant way of decorating interiors and exteriors. Unlike polyurethane, all decoration elements are cast using special molds.

Geographically, the concept of the East unites territories from the Arab countries to the Chinese Empire, therefore it includes rather contrasting approaches to the interior design of houses.

The relief is a three-dimensional gypsum sculptural composition on a plane. Depending on the ratio of the background and different image planes, the following types are distinguished.

Gypsum stucco molding in the decoration of ceilings has been considered a symbol of luxury and respectability since the days of ancient architecture.

Caisson means box in French. In architecture, a caisson is a polygonal recess directly in the ceiling or vault of an arch or dome.

Today, one of the undeservedly forgotten, but already resurgent decorative elements is a plaster frieze.

Depending on location decorative elements indoors, the following main categories of stucco decoration are distinguished.

In a modern interior, the use of columns is due more to aesthetic value than to practical necessity. In the design of the premises, both whole products and their fragments are used.

A properly designed facade is the hallmark of the owner of the house. The beauty and individuality of any architectural style is created precisely by the elements of exterior decoration, and stucco decoration plays an important role in this.

The art of stucco today is very popular among connoisseurs exquisite interiors. Once it was discovered by the geniuses of thought from the times of Ancient Egypt.

Stucco decoration of ceilings and walls is a long-standing architectural tradition. Having gone through most styles of different times - baroque, empire, modern, rococo - stucco still surprises with its sophistication and beauty.

The Empire style arose in France in the first half of the 19th century (during the era of Napoleon I), becoming a replacement for classicism. The works of architecture created at that time glorify military victories and the greatness of the state.

The fireplace is the heart of any room, warming and creating comfort: the glare of a flickering fire and embers attract the eyes of others. Modern technologies allow you to create fireplaces of any shape and style thanks to stucco decoration.

Modern technologies offer a wide selection of decorative elements for the ceiling. Decor stucco made of plaster is one of the most refined and unique.

If you decide to decorate the ceiling in the apartment with stucco molding, then you probably thought about what kind of slabs to choose from for this. You can buy stucco made of foam, polyurethane, etc., but the traditional material for making stucco decoration is gypsum.

In the process of repairing an apartment, many people face problems with uneven walls and corners, various defects on the ceiling, etc. One of the options for solving these problems is to install stucco cornices.

Art Nouveau is a direction of European art, style, architecture, design, including stucco decoration, which arose in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The appearance of the style was a response to the eclecticism that existed then, the decadence of public taste, manifested in the thoughtless copying of the classical styles of past years.

Baroque is a direction of European art, characteristic of the 17th - early 18th century. The style represents not only a new stage in the development of classicism in architecture, stucco decoration, painting, design and sculpture, but also an entire era, a system of views, and the worldview of the Europeans of that time.

Gypsum, obtained by firing gypsum stone, was used even in the construction of such ancient structures as the legendary ancient Egyptian labyrinth, the Great Wall of China, the Roman Pantheon. After the Europeans learned about the existence of gypsum, they began to use it in construction as a plaster and material for creating sketches of sculptures.

Stucco arches in our time are a popular architectural and design solution in the design of a window or doorway in a room. In addition to giving an aesthetic, festive appearance to the space of an apartment, stucco molding also has a functional meaning.

Decorative elements of stucco decoration for the ceiling are designed not only to decorate the interior and make it unusual and bright, but also to visually expand the boundaries of the room, hide wiring, places for attaching chandeliers or cornices.
Currently, you can find a wide variety of stucco elements at prices ranging from inexpensive to elite.

In the construction of modern industrial and residential buildings, the so-called building gypsum, sometimes also called "alabaster", is used. In addition to the manufacture of stucco decoration, this material, as well as other derivatives of natural gypsum, is used in the following areas.

Decorative stucco on the market today finishing materials, is divided into the following groups.

Balustrades are railings for balconies, stairs or terraces, which, in addition to being decorative, have an important protective role - they prevent accidental falls and serve as a support during movement. These architectural elements consist of balusters interconnected by railings.

IN modern interiors with the use of stucco, the Gothic style is increasingly present, which developed in Eastern, Western and Central Europe from the 12th to the 15th centuries. The name "Gothic" does not quite correctly reflect the essence of this style, in France it was replaced by a more accurate one - "Style ogivat" (lancet style).

A pilaster is a flat, vertical protrusion on the surface of a pillar or wall, which has a capital and a base, which conditionally resembles a column. For the first time, such elements were created in ancient Greece to strengthen structures. bearing walls and maintaining ceiling arches.

Although moldings are associated with classic style in the interior, they can meet the extraordinary requirements of modern premises and be made to order. They look festive and even luxurious, but at the same time they have a number of useful functions.

Today, manufacturers are constantly bringing new unique finishing materials to the market. But gypsum stucco elements do not lose their positions, which is ensured by a number of features of this material.

Today, gypsum stucco products are a popular decorative design element. modern buildings. At the same time, this method of decorating buildings has existed for more than one century.

The main goal of the restoration work is to preserve all the elements and individual features of architectural monuments. Restoring stucco objects involves gluing broken pieces or adding missing parts, checking the strength of the connection of parts, and, if necessary, installing additional fasteners.

The use of stucco molding in the interior allows you to create one or another style of the room, give it individuality, luxury and sophistication. Since ancient times, stucco decorations have been used in decoration, differing in appearance and functionality.

Stucco painting is the final process of creating plaster figures. This processing allows you to imitate the colors of ivory, wood, antique bronze and others, depending on the specific task.

3D wall panels are a stucco composition consisting of different details on which a three-dimensional image is applied. For the production of panels, MDF boards, plywood, polymer composite and other materials are used, the surface of which is highly flexible, which allows you to apply a deep pattern.

Since ancient times, the interiors and facades of buildings have been decorated with elegant stucco decoration. This finish looks equally harmonious in the buildings of the classical architectural style, and in modernly designed rooms.

The process of making gypsum stucco, as a rule, is preceded by the development of a sketch of the finish. Only after the preparation of a detailed drawing, they begin to make an injection mold and then create a stucco ornament in accordance with the technology.

Ornament is a periodically repeating pattern made up of real or abstract elements and used to decorate columns, ceilings, window openings, etc. Stucco decoration plays an important role in the composition of a building and harmoniously complements its style.

Modern interiors amaze with a variety of styles and shapes. Walking one by one apartment building or along a small street, you can meet cold high-tech and catchy modern, shocking fusion and bright, catchy pop art in neighboring apartments.

In old houses, you can often see such decoration as stucco molding on the ceilings and walls. The stucco molding decorates the interior and gives it individuality, and the stucco molding on the ceiling around the chandelier is a wonderful decorative element in itself.

You can use several delivery options:

• transport company in Moscow. The cost of delivery within 15 km from the Moscow Ring Road - from 3000 rubles;
• through transport organizations to the regions. Tariffs can be found on the websites of transport companies;
• pickup.

The order is transferred to the delivery department immediately after confirmation of receipt of payment.

Gypsum stucco has not lost its position in interior design for many centuries. It is difficult to imagine an exquisite and expensive style without bas-reliefs and plaster sculptures. The origin story goes back to Ancient Greece, where majestic castles were almost completely made of them.

Until the 20th century, gypsum had no analogues, only with the advent of new technologies did polyurethane and foam plastic replace it. The hand-made elements found during archaeological excavations were available only to the pharaohs.

Now the cost is not as high as 5000 BC, but it does not apply to a number of budget options for finishing materials, like polyurethane stucco molding.

In what style of interior is gypsum stucco molding acceptable ?!

For the harmonious use of modeling in interior design, it is necessary to carefully consider the style and concept of the room. Exquisite moldings, figurines and picture frames will not suit every room design. Country, Provence or scandinavian styles generally do not allow such elements in their interior. They will be very provocative in such designs as loft, minimalism and hi-tech.

Modeling in the listed projects will look pretentious and completely tasteless, like the remaining elements of the past decor. But there are many others design solutions, where gypsum elements will come in handy.

Roman style

The Roman style consists almost entirely of stucco, and in this case it is impossible to overdo it. Absolutely everything can have carved details, whether it be a ceiling, walls, cornices, sockets and niches, everything will fit into the image perfectly. The main thing is that the ornament should be suitable and sustained in the same spirit.

Art Deco

Art Deco is the option when a combination that is completely incompatible at first glance is acceptable. Creative execution can include all possible items of chic.

It is not necessary to adhere to any single type of plaster elements; you can combine the classic pattern on vases and niches with modern figurines.

Usually this style is preferred by people with an active life position who value comfort and luxury in one set.

Empire

Empire is a style in which decorative stucco molding acquires solidity and key importance. The status of a room in the Empire style is sometimes breathtaking, and the owner of such a room feels like a true pharaoh of modernity.

Gypsum elements here are massive and monumental. Small stucco elements can only add mood.

Rococo

Rococo style implies light and flirty elements. Lush, but at the same time weightless forms give the room a romanticism and a feeling of heavenly stay.

Asymmetry and frilly crimpiness perfectly complement the image of such a design. Great importance is attached to painting elements under gold or patina.

Renaissance and romanticism

Renaissance and romanticism are somewhat similar to each other, as they allow multi-level ceilings and walls with numerous niches. If the Renaissance also needs figurines, then romanticism is distinguished by the ease and individuality of its owner.

Stucco molding from gypsum when decorating the ceiling

When viewing a catalog of photos of gypsum stucco, most of it is devoted to the design of the ceiling. Perhaps this is due to its area in relation to other surfaces in the interior, which allows you to expand your imagination and realize your creative idea in full.

The time has passed when modeling was relevant only in expensive estates, in majestic halls and palaces, now more and more people are leaning towards luxury and classics, introducing it into halls and even bedrooms of apartments.

Gypsum stucco on the ceiling does not always have a classic white look. Increasingly, for diversity and individualization of the room, the technique of painting is used. It is very important to use the correct coloring composition, then beautifully designed stucco molding becomes even more elegant.

Gold remains the most sought-after color; it covers the most convex parts of the bas-relief. Along with this, artistic painting with full-fledged paintings in the chosen style is used. Filling the modeling with beige shades looks very stylish and natural.

Do-it-yourself plaster molding

The variety of choices in stores and decor shops will not leave you indifferent, but sometimes you really want to create something with your own hands, because the result will become a true pride of its owner. Decorative plaster molding is a creative and very exciting business, but laborious and requires certain skills.

Solution preparation:

• it is good to grind gypsum to a powder and sift through a sieve;
• pour into a container with sufficiently high edges;
• gradually pour in water in small portions until the consistency of kefir;
• stir with a special nozzle using a drill, this will avoid the formation of unwanted lumps.

Making figures

Any form is suitable for casting elements; for the convenience of extracting the finished sample, it is better to give preference to silicone. They are sold at any hardware store or on numerous sites. The cost is not high, all the more it will be enough to get just a few, because the gypsum quickly hardens.

From the moment of dilution of the composition to its casting into molds, no more than 2-3 minutes can pass, otherwise plasticity and fluidity are lost.

Adding a 25% adhesive solution will give the plaster strength, but drying at a temperature above 16 degrees Celsius will make the element brittle and brittle.

Fill rules:

• carefully prepare the form by covering it with a soapy solution (any soap will do);
• pour gypsum in layers, thoroughly tamping each previous one;
• exclude the formation of cavities during filling;
• leave for 1-2 hours until the solution completely solidifies;
• remove the element and process with sandpaper to remove roughness;
• cover with primer.

Installation of plaster elements is simple. Massive and heavy elements are fastened with self-tapping screws, small and light ones can be put on PVA glue, liquid nails, or even putty can be used.

After the adhesive has completely hardened, the finished decorated element must be coated with universal paint or a special composition for gypsum. Only after that you can start decorative painting.

Stucco molding in the interior can be used as moldings, cornices and decorative frames for paintings or rosettes. With the right style, all these elements will fit perfectly and fit into the overall concept. Regardless of whether these are solid decorative elements or unobtrusive finishes, the interior will receive chic, sophistication and uniqueness.

Photo of gypsum stucco

Architectural facade decor is increasingly being used to decorate buildings; in the construction market, along with traditional materials for facade stucco molding (such as gypsum and concrete), innovative technologies for recreating stucco molding from new, modern materials (such as polymer concrete, fiberglass, fiberglass concrete, polyurethane foam) , and even foam). It goes without saying that each manufacturer praises his product, GOSTs and SNiPs do not say much about certain materials, especially since facade decor is not subject to mandatory certification, so it is often difficult for a client to figure out what to choose after all.

The entire list of facade decor is given below:

To make it easier for you to right choice, we give here a small overview of each material, as well as a table comparative characteristics facade decor.

1)Facade decor made of G-16 gypsum, painted with facade paint

sculptural - a mineral from the class of sulfates, according to the composition CaSO 4 2H 2 O. In other words, gypsum natural stone, which is crushed and fired at high temperatures, obtaining sculptural gypsum.

2) Facade decor made of gypsum with hydrophobic treatment and painted with facade paint- gypsum G-16 sculptural, treated on the outside with a hydrophobic composition and / or containing a hydrophobic composition to reduce the ability of gypsum to absorb water.

3) Facade decor made of polyurethane. Polyurethane foam is thermal insulation material; a kind of foam, in a word - polyurethane foam, high density only. Polyurethane is also used for interior and exterior decor.

4) Facade decor made of polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam with acrylic coating- Styrofoam is a class of foamed (cellular) plastics. On the machine, a conditional part is cut out of a foam blank. A 2-4 mm layer of styrene-acrylic dispersion mixed with marble flour and other plasticity modifiers is applied to this part. Further, a uniform coating is produced from the foam plastic blank on a broaching machine. Drying, installation of products takes place, after which obligatory painting follows.

5) Architectural artificial decor (CAST STONE)- building concrete, obtained as a result of hardening of a rationally selected and compacted mixture of a binder (white cement), quartz sand, water.

This type of decor is necessarily made full-bodied. Reinforcement of the decor occurs due to the large mass of concrete in the products.

6) Facade decor made of fiberglass concrete- a kind of artificial stone, where the binder is also cement, made by dispersed reinforcement of cement mortars and quartz sand with alkali-resistant glass fiber.

7)Facade decor made of fiberglass- composite - plastic materials consisting of a glass fiber filler (glass fiber, or glass mat) and a binder (mainly polyester resins). Fiberglass is inferior to steel in terms of tensile strength, but is 3.5 times lighter and surpasses steel in specific strength. If equal-strength structures are made of steel and fiberglass, then fiberglass will be several tens of times lighter. Fiberglass is the cheapest type of high-strength fibers, and fiberglass is one of the cheapest composite materials.

8) - a kind of artificial stone, in which the binder is polyester resin. Polymer concrete is a building and structural material, which is a hardened mixture of a high molecular weight substance with a mineral filler. Compared to cement concretes and glass fiber reinforced concrete, polymer concretes have lower tensile strength and greater brittleness. But polymer concrete has higher water resistance, frost resistance, abrasion resistance, resistance to aggressive liquids and gases.
Polymer concrete is also called "artificial stone" because of its strength and resemblance. Polymer concrete is also used in the construction of bridges, dams, and in other special. architecture.

9) Facade decor made of natural stone.

Basically, natural stone is mined in Dagestan and Karachay-Cherkessia, less often they are brought from Italy, Spain, Turkey and Central Asia. These are shell rock, sandstone and limestone, sometimes travertine. Travertine is much denser than previous breeds, but the price of natural travertine is such that few can order it, even among the rich. It's all about the costly and time-consuming processing of this stone. The cheapest of these materials is shell rock, it is easy to process, it is very porous, but the phrase - "I have a house in natural stone" compensates for its obvious disadvantages.

Below is a comparison table of characteristics for the following parameters:

1) Lightness of detail

2) Waterproof material

3) Frost resistance

4) Prestige

5) The ability of the material to convey relief - the clarity of the pattern.

7) Possibility of individual production.

8) Durability

9) Decor Care

10) Vandal resistant

11) Reaction to mold

Estimates are given on a 5-point scale.

Table of comparative characteristics of materials for facade moldings .

		lightness of details	water impenetrability	frosty stamina	prestige	durability	definition drawing	decor care	price	vandal sustainability	reaction for mold	opportunity individual manufacturing	simplicity in installation
1	Plaster G-16 sculptural, painted	1	1	1	2	1	5	2	5	3	4	5	3
2	Gypsum with water repellent, painted	1	2	2	2	2	5	2	4	3	4	5	3
3	polyurethane foam	4	4	3	3	2	3	3	3	2	5	4	4
4	Acrylic coated foam	5	1	2	1	1	1	2	5	1	5	3	5
5	architectural concrete	1	4	4	4	4	4	4	2	5	3	5	1
6	Good quality fiberglass	2	3	4	4	4	5	4	2	4	3	5	3
7	fiberglass	4	5	5	4	5	4	5	1	4	5	4	4
8	a natural stone	1	2	3	5	3	2	2	3	4	2	3	2
9	Architectural polymer concrete	4	5	5	4	5	4	4	2	4	5	5	4

Let's summarize:

1) Despite the wide technological capabilities of traditional gypsum, as well as its price attractiveness, gypsum is not intended for the manufacture of facade stucco because of its high moisture absorption capacity (up to 60%), as well as low resistance to cold and temperature extremes.

Gypsum decor is most often made full-bodied and always painted, and at first glance, the paint supposedly protects the gypsum, but the sole (that which is adjacent to the wall) absorbs moisture from the wall, this moisture destroys the gypsum from the inside and peels off the paint.

If the element is hollow, condensation forms on the inner rear wall of the product.

Also, due to the porosity of the material, moisture migrates from the place where the part and the wall fit, along the entire eaves. Another weak point is the connecting seams, through which water is easily absorbed.

Since facade paint is not a sealing coating, and does not provide long-term protection against moisture. In the photo, a gypsum product whose pattern is subject to even weak mechanical stress.

Due to moisture, gypsum products crack at the seams and periodically require repair. The average life expectancy of gypsum stucco decoration on facades is 2-3 years outdoors, and 5-10 years under a roof.

2) Gypsum stucco impregnated with a hydrophobic composition, demonstrates significantly higher rates of moisture resistance, frost resistance and resistance to temperature extremes, but still remains unsuitable for the manufacture of facade stucco. The reason for everything is the same moisture absorption that comes out of the wall of the building into the decor that is glued to the wall, and when it is cold outside, the decor freezes, breaking it with ice. The average life expectancy of stucco decoration made of hydrophobized gypsum on facades is 5-10 years. Because the water repellent necessarily degrades, losing 30-60% of its strength in the second year, what is written in paragraph 1 begins to happen.

3) Facade decor made of polyurethane foam- the material is light and relatively waterproof, but, perhaps, this is where all its advantages end. Despite our satisfactory ratings for all other parameters, polyurethane foam is a rather capricious material for the manufacture of facade moldings. If polyurethane foam is of high quality, then it may well withstand "European" winters, but it is completely unsuitable for our climatic conditions with sudden temperature changes. Polyurethane stucco molding dries out and cracks, gaps form at the joints.

Polyurethane foam direct impact sun rays deformed. By the way, unlike gypsum stucco molding, which can be easily repaired, cracked polyurethane stucco molding can be restored with polyurethane adhesive composition. By the way, polyurethane foam molding cracks and turns yellow even in the interior. Also, polyurethane facade decor is very limited in terms of technological capabilities: it is impossible to manufacture baroque friezes and cornices, Corinthian capitals and other architectural elements with strongly protruding openwork parts at standard prices. Average life expectancy on facades - 3-10 years (years depend on the origin of the material and on the location of the decor on the facade)

The fire safety of polyurethane foam leaves much to be desired. Polyurethane foam under the influence of ultraviolet decomposes into monomeric products, thereby losing its initial chemical and structural properties. It is not recommended to use this material in the interior, because in an emergency (for example, in case of fire) it can be dangerous (just remember the notorious Lame Horse nightclub)... On the facade, how lucky...

4) Facade decor made of polystyrene foam or polystyrene foam with acrylic coating, only simple smooth cornices and rods can be made, on the surface of which an acrylic mass is applied, dried, and then painted.

The reliability of this coating leaves much to be desired, that is, its 3 mm layer can be torn off by grasping. Birds often take a liking to this decor, pecking at the coating itself, and from the inside in the decor itself, they made nests!

In the appearance of architectural elements, there is a primitive surface grain, the absence of clear and sharp corners, the absence of anti-vandal safety margins (any small impact of objects or a person leaves dents or torn places) and the material is very limited in technological capabilities (it is impossible to make parts with a pattern, as well as operational details, for example - balustrades, door portals, entrance groups). But this is the most budgetary and common way to decorate an impersonal facade. Such stucco will decorate your house for 5-10 years. Additional information You can read about coated polystyrene foam at the link.

5) Architectural concrete (CAST STONE)

Produced as follows: quartz sand, white cement M 600, as a rule, from Turkish manufacturers, all kinds of plasticizers and accelerators, pigments, water are mixed, bringing the mixture to a semi-dry state, spread in plastic or mdf molds. The semi-dry mixture is compacted with a pneumatic tool, or manually. Further, after 6-8 hours, the product is removed from the mold and sent to the steaming chamber for 12 hours. It is in the curing chamber that architectural concrete acquires its strength. The steaming stage in each workshop is different: someone has industrial installations, and someone has manual installations. Thus, it is very difficult to objectively assess the degree of steaming, which directly affects the indicators of frost resistance, water absorption capacity, and others. important properties, on which, ultimately, the durability of this decor in use depends.

Another weak link in architectural concrete is their weight and lack of reinforcement. The strength and rigidity of the products is ensured by the full-bodied filling of the products, which significantly makes them heavier. Many elements of the facade decor, for example, under-roofing, interfloor cornices, are lifted and mounted using construction lifting equipment, as a result of which there is a significant load on the foundation and walls. It is also necessary during installation to resort to experienced installation teams who know the ratio of the weight of products and the possibility or impossibility of using certain fasteners for mounting facade decor. Chemical anchors also increase the cost of installation.

It is also possible to save on the quality and quantity of cement when mixing the mortar, as well as the time spent by the decor in the steaming chamber (stay time in the chamber, steaming temperature and relative humidity of the chamber). Architectural concrete makes building structures much heavier, and also makes it impossible to use large and strongly protruding elements of facade decor on the facade. And the ability to absorb moisture (6-12%) makes it vulnerable to precipitation and temperature extremes. The architectural decor on the facade will last for about 30-50 years (subject to external painting of products), and the architectural elements that come into contact with water (ice) for 10-20 years. For the sake of objectivity, there is one firm in Moscow where the quality of architectural concrete is at a decent level. That is, the corners of the products do not crumble, passing with a metal object, there is no plume left on the products.

6) Facade decor made of glass fiber reinforced concrete.

Glass fiber reinforced concrete- an improved (in terms of lightening) version of architectural concrete. But the steaming method must also be present, as in architectural concrete. It should be noted that some manufacturers of façade GRC have abandoned costly steaming and introduced polycarboxylate additives into the technology, which create the effect of a self-compacting mixture.

Pay attention - in the name itself there is already cunning. The word - "concrete" means a combination of different fractions (from sand to crushed stone) as a rationally selected aggregate. In classic concrete, crushed stone or, in extreme cases, fine crushed stone must be present. Neither one nor the other is present in GRC, but only quartz sand of a fine fraction of 0.1-0.5 mm. Therefore, the mixture is structurally depleted. Otherwise, it will be impossible to spray the mixture with special guns. Therefore, it is correct to call it - Steklofibrosolution!

Mixing Technology cement mortar with fiberglass, and plus spraying technology gives GRC the following physical and mechanical properties: resistance to cracking, compressive, tensile and bending strength, relative water resistance and frost resistance. GRC products are also produced relatively hollow, and due to this they are much lighter than similar architectural concrete products. But the thickness of the walls, for example, of facade cornices can vary from 20mm to 50mm, which also significantly makes the architectural elements heavier, making them less convenient and costly for professional installation.

In addition, the water absorption capacity of 6-12% leads to the same consequences as in architectural concrete, since the same cement is the binder (see point 5 - architectural concrete). Facade decor made of fiberglass concrete will last about 30 years (subject to external painting of products and compliance with all technological processes during production), and architectural elements that are not protected from direct rainfall can last 5-20 years.

7) Facade decor made of fiberglass.

Compared to all previous materials, fiberglass demonstrates the highest performance in all respects, perhaps with the exception of price. Compared to fiberglass concrete, fiberglass is several hundred times more durable than its competitor, because fiberglass has no ability to absorb moisture. Temperature drops from +70 to -50 do not have any effect on this material. In addition, impact resistance surpasses all its counterparts. The time and service life of fiberglass is theoretically unlimited. The Renaissance workshop produces any facade products made of fiberglass in different sections, in various patterns, and architectural styles! Very often fiberglass cornices are ordered for high-rise buildings, where there is a huge sail due to the wind, and it is simply not safe to install elements from other materials.

8) Facade decor made of polymer concrete.

In lightness of detail second only to fiberglass and coated foam façade decor. Polymer concrete has the most high performance in creating a clear relief. The possibilities of this decor in stylizing marble, limestone, granite and other stones are endless. The indicator of moisture absorption capacity of polymer concrete is 0.2-0.3%. Facade decor made of polymer concrete will last an unlimited amount of time, as a rule, the life of the building itself is laid down. This calculation is made by comparing the moisture absorption capacity different materials. If the moisture absorption capacity of glass fiber reinforced concrete is on average 8-12%, and for some manufacturers of glass fiber reinforced concrete it is 15%, then for polymer concrete it is only 0.2%, and moisture and frost are the main destroyer of facade decor, so the operating time varies tenfold in better or worse.

Thus, our experts came to the conclusion that polymer concrete and fiberglass are the most durable and wear-resistant materials for facade moldings. There are currently no worthy analogues on the market.

The Renaissance company produces decor for the facade from both of these materials (fiberglass and polymer concrete). But most often we recommend to our clients to use on the facade a material that belongs to the class of polymer concrete, but has its own name, which more accurately reflects its essence: artificial stone based on polymer concrete. This is polymer concrete, which uses a noble filler - marble flour. Fake diamond most attractive from an aesthetic point of view, has all positive properties polymer concrete (very strong and light thin-walled construction, identical in appearance to natural stone).

9) Facade decor made of natural stone.

Shell rock, sandstone, limestone are the most porous of stones, therefore they are hardly suitable for decorating a house, the reason is simple - strong water absorption. Travertine is the best best option both from the aesthetic and from the operational side, but its price is decently higher. Moreover, if it is relatively easy to cut out elements with a pattern from sandstone or shell rock, by tapping with a chisel the master cuts out any pattern, the low density of the stone allows this, there are many videos on YouTube. From travertine you need already 3d milling machine. There is a big difference in density between these stones. More porous materials - shell rock and sandstone are subject to accelerated destruction than travertine, since travertine has a higher density, which means it absorbs less water. It is enough to splash a few drops of water to compare, if the water is absorbed quickly within 20-30 seconds, then this stone will be severely destroyed in the future. Water repellents save this situation, but not all. The more absorbency the stone has, the more difficult it is for the water repellent to work. And not all water repellents are suitable for such porous stones.

It would be more correct to use a Karsten tube (water supply under low pressure, simulating downpours with a side wind). Since in reality the rain is pouring under more pressure than just splashing water, not to mention showers.

The next reason for which the operation of the decor will become costly is the heterogeneity of the stone. After the installation of thin-walled elements (facing tiles), efflorescence appears. But they do not appear everywhere, but in some places, in those places where the density of the stone is lower. In this sense, facing tiles are much more practical in all respects.
The only way out here is to mount it on a subsystem, or look for a decor that is resistant to efflorescence, for example, our decor for artificial travertine

The material is complemented

One of the oldest elements of interior decoration inside houses and exterior facades is decorative stucco molding. If earlier it decorated the houses of wealthy nobles and was made mainly of marble and other natural stones in the form of monumental columns with bizarre patterns, now these are completely different products, represented by various forms, purposes and materials. If you are interested in these decorative elements, and you are at a loss what decorative stucco to choose, check out the information provided in this article. We hope it will help you make your choice.

Modern stucco and materials for its manufacture

As in the changeable fashion that periodically returns old long-forgotten styles of clothing, today interest in interior decoration of the interior space of dwellings with decorative stucco has returned. It is a three-dimensional elements of repeating patterns or different shapes that make up ensembles of different interior styles. Classically, plaster or gypsum served as the main material for the manufacture of stucco. This decor was mainly used for interior walls and ceilings, since gypsum stucco needs constant care and is afraid of moisture. To decorate the facades, stucco is made from special concrete and covered with a protective polymer film, after applying a primer to the surface. Such products can be used not only outside the room, but also decorate wet rooms: showers, pools, bathrooms, etc.

Over time, the process of making stucco has improved. Special forms began to be used for the production of individual elements of patterns, which were then combined into a single decorative product. Application modern technologies In the manufacture of stucco elements, it made it possible not only to simplify the work of art masters, to expand the range of products, but also to lighten their weight. Now decorative stucco is made from the following materials:

• gypsum;
• polystyrene;
• polyurethane;
• duropolymer.

Stucco made of polystyrene

Stucco elements, the material of which is polystyrene, are produced by extrusion, which consists in forcing a hot viscous mass into a shaping hole. In this way, a shape is created according to the given parameters and sizes, so many identical elements of decorative stucco can be made. These products are light in weight, have flexibility and are not afraid of moisture. They are easily mounted on any surface and have a long service life without losing visual appeal.

plaster molding

Gypsum is natural material obtained from rock by crushing it. Its variety is alabaster, which has a smaller fraction. By adding water, fillers and pigment dye to gypsum powder or alabaster, dough is prepared, which is the raw material for stucco molding. Decorative plaster moldings are made by casting in special molds. They have considerable weight and are distinguished by their fragility. Given the simplicity of technology and low cost, such elements are widespread in various interior styles.

Decorative stucco made of polyurethane

Environmental friendliness and good technological qualities of polyurethane attracted the attention of manufacturers of decor products. The high density of this material is achieved through a manufacturing process that includes placing the components foamed as a result of the reaction under high pressure in special forms. Decorative polyurethane stucco molding is lighter than gypsum, not prone to cracking and moisture absorption, has plasticity and is well attached to the surface of walls and ceilings with glue or light dowels. Paint adheres well to such a decor, which does not affect the quality of the surface. Therefore, products can be painted repeatedly, experimenting with shades and giving the surface the texture of stone or wood.

Decorative stucco made of duropolymer

Duropolymer moldings are a kind of polystyrene decorations. They are produced using the same technology, including hot mass extrusion. Only in the composition of raw materials to the components of polystyrene is added charcoal. That is why this material is much denser than polystyrene and has a high degree of impact strength. Such stucco looks especially impressive after painting under wood. When painting the surface, its additional protection is simultaneously created.

colored stucco

A new direction of finishing decor is colored stucco molding. Basically, the color is given to polystyrene and its variety, duropolymer. To do this, choose materials with a high density index. Products made of plaster and alabaster are also often covered in different colors.

A characteristic feature of the design of such stucco is the detailed drawing of the pattern and texture. Styling for gold or silver is especially often used. Giving with the help of coloring the look of the texture of expensive natural stones or the texture of wood, they achieve an exquisite look of expensive decor with a minimum of costs.

Often gypsum stucco , used today , tinted with a special varnish (shellac). At the same time, it acquires a terracotta tone of color. If gypsum dyed with silver is then impregnated with hot drying oil, then it takes on the appearance of a noble expensive metal.

Varieties of decorative stucco by type of form and purpose

Stucco decor is used to decorate walls, ceilings, door and window openings, window sills, bar counters and columns.

Depending on the purpose, these products have different shape and sizes.

The variety of stucco decoration products on the construction market amazes not only ordinary buyers, but also experienced designers.

To understand their purpose, you must know the name of the main elements of stucco decoration, which include:

• elements for walls: panels, panels, consoles, sockets, capitals;
• universal elements: baguette, inserts, domes, moldings, columns, pilasters;
• ceiling elements: ceiling beams and plinths, corner elements;
• elements for windows and doorways: arches, cornices, platbands, window sills and corner elements.

Cornices serve to decorate the joints between the ceiling and walls. By installing such elements and other stucco on the ceiling, you can visually make it higher.

Door and window openings are decorated platbands And overlay panels. Their decor is selected according to the design style of the room. The design option for the ceiling with cornices and the doorway with the help of skirting boards and relief beams and capitals is shown in the photo:

Rosettes usually decorate holes for attaching chandeliers to the ceiling surface, but they can also be used as independent decorative elements.

The photo shows the ceiling design. On such a socket, decorating the fasteners of the chandelier, the main emphasis is made:

By using baguette decorate the walls, framing decorative panels and paintings (pictured):

Looks great indoors decorative columns from stucco, giving it visually additional height:

Today, using all types of decorative stucco, presented in a huge assortment, you can decorate the interior in any design style from Baroque to Empire.

As you know, fashion is cyclical, and what was at the peak of popularity many years ago can now be increasingly found in modern construction. Now I'm talking about stucco decoration.

A little over a hundred years ago, this element of decoration was available only to very rich people, many houses of that time have survived to this day, and amaze with the beauty and variety of facade delights.

The times of the tsars have passed, and facade stucco molding has become more accessible to the average consumer. Polyurethane has replaced heavy materials, and that's what I wanted to talk about.

Facade decoration

Modern trends do not allow you to simply build a box, paint it and call it home. The dwelling should reflect the inner world of the owners and meet their ideas of beauty.

Finishing the facade involves not only applying a layer of plaster on the walls, but also finishing decoration, which is increasingly done with the help of stucco for the facade. For the customer, this is just an element of decorating his house, but the builders also highlight the purely practical qualities of such decor:

• Stucco molding on the cornice or plinth of the task creates additional thermal protection and neutralizes cold bridges.
• Under the stucco, you can safely hide wires and other unsightly communications.
• The corners of the house, decorated with stucco, are protected from chips.
• Under the decor, you can hide construction defects and small flaws.

If we talk about the minuses of stucco, then this is probably only big weight, but this applies only to products made of stone or concrete, polyurethane is devoid of such a problem.

Types of stucco

In appearance, all facade stucco looks the same, but in fact it is not. Elements can be made of different materials, and each has its own set of disadvantages and advantages.

1. Gypsum and alabaster do not tolerate the effects of precipitation, so it is often used for interior decoration of houses.
2. Stone and concrete are completely resistant to precipitation and temperature changes, but they are heavy and create an additional load on the walls.
3. Polymer concrete is very difficult to install.

Stucco molding made of expanded polystyrene or polyurethane is devoid of all these shortcomings, so I will dwell on them in more detail.

Styrofoam

In the people, this material is often called polystyrene, but, strictly speaking, this is not so. There is a difference between them in chemical composition, but we will not delve into this.

Before proceeding to the analysis of the qualities of this material, I consider it necessary to mention that the use of expanded polystyrene is limited in some areas of construction. For example, they cannot insulate rooms with high traffic or children's institutions. This is due to the easy flammability and toxicity during combustion.

Interesting! There are types of expanded polystyrene that are resistant to fire and non-combustible. This material has an additional letter "C" in the marking. For example - PSB-S. Some companies, like “stucco molding”, use only materials of this marking for the manufacture of stucco molding.

pros

• Has no temperature deformations.
• Light weight, which does not create additional load on the facade.
• Easy to install.
• In case of damage to the facade, you can easily replace the segment or restore the old one.
• Low price in comparison with all types of stucco.

Minuses

• When exposed open fire releases toxic gases.
• A very fragile material, so it is rarely used for finishing the lower tiers of facades.
• It is unstable to most types of solvents and acids, so you need to wash the styrene stucco molding very carefully and only with the use of neutral detergents.
• Low service life. After 3-5 years, styrene begins to turn yellow. This must be taken into account when working with white paints.

Important! If styrene stucco goes for painting. Dyes for it should be only water-based or acrylic-based.

Polyurethane

In the repair and construction of a house, polyurethane is found everywhere. It can act as a wall insulation, and some decorative elements are also made from it. Among them is the facade stucco. Outwardly, polyurethane resembles gypsum, but unlike it, it is not affected by moisture.

The dense structure of the polymer is able to withstand heavy loads and is resistant to mechanical stress.

pros

• Resistant to most solvents.
• Has no thermal deformation.
• Completely fireproof.
• Doesn't lose appearance with time.
• When exposed high temperature breaks down into water and carbon dioxide. Safe for human health.

Minuses

• More high price compared to styrene stucco.

Installation

Using polyurethane moldings, the exterior of the house can be done on its own. The process is simple and will not take much time.

1. The wall of the house must be thoroughly cleaned of dust and dirt. It can also be further treated with solvents to eliminate possible oil or grease stains.
2. Before installing stucco molding on the facade, it is necessary to drill holes in it in increments of approximately 50 cm.
3. Glue is applied to the area of ​​​​the house where the stucco is mounted.
4. The segment is pressed tightly against the facade and fixed in this position for a while.
5. Remove excess adhesive with a damp cloth.
6. A wall is drilled through the prepared holes and a dowel is driven in.
7. With the help of plaster, holes with dowels are closed.
8. Stucco is painted.

Finishing is completed, and you can enjoy the fruits of your labor.

Conclusion

Decorating houses with stucco is a trend that is gaining more and more popularity. And polyurethane is a unique material, the advantages of which are difficult to overestimate. A variety of forms of decorative elements for facades cannot be described within the framework of one article, but for clarity, you can familiarize yourself with the products offered by "stucco molding".