Landscaping: modern trends. Garden landscaping styles. Landscape Styles Plants for different styles of landscape design

The dream of every owner of a private house is a beautiful and even unique piece of land. This can be achieved only with the proper design of its landscape. But here a reasonable question arises: what style landscape design choose? There are so many of them that it is easy to get confused in the characteristic features of each and, as a result, seriously make a mistake with the decor. That is why we recommend that you first read the descriptions of the most popular styles and evaluate how they look in the photo, and only then proceed to the direct design of the site.

Symmetry and graceful splendor - it is these two main rules that the regular style obeys. In the center of the landscape composition there must be a large object: a fountain, a sculpture, a pond. Ideally smooth paths covered with pebbles or gravel, and symmetrical trees diverge from it. Tracks on all sides should be surrounded by a neat single-level.

Classic regular style

As for trees, the regular style assumes the presence of only those species that keep their shape well: spruce, thuja, catalpa, linden.

Another feature of such landscape design is bosquets. These are geometric compositions of perfectly cut shrubs.

organic landscape style

This is the absolute opposite of the regular style, because here the main emphasis is on natural nature and an organic combination with the surrounding reality. Even the house itself is undesirable to visually highlight - it is better to disguise it with trees.

landscape style

The main feature of this landscape design is meadow and forest flowers. They land in random order, since it is not so much their organization that is important, but their proximity to the natural landscape.

Advice. To maximize the landscape style on your site, use flowers in pastel colors, especially warm white-silver and yellow shades.

Paths should be winding, not straight. Most suitable coatings- low grass, brick chips or sand.

Soothing Japanese-style landscaping

The Japanese-style landscape is a miniature copy of mountainous Japan, the central element of which should be a "rock garden". Stone paved paths, decorative compositions of 5-6 stones, stone fountains and sculptures - all this should be present on your site.

The colors of the Japanese style deserve special attention - there is no place for flashy tones, because each element of the landscape should set the soul and body to rest from the bustle of the world. That's why everything flower plants should be calm shades. Tall trees are also undesirable here. Dwarf pines and juniper - this will be quite enough for a Japanese garden.

Japanese style

You can’t do without a small pond with a neat bridge and decorative lanterns on such a site - they will make the landscape more expressive and colorful.

Controversial English style

English landscape design is a cross between strict classical and chaotic landscape styles. Here you will not find straight lines, even shrubs and symmetrical flower beds, but you will definitely see a perfectly trimmed lawn, which, it would seem, absolutely does not fit into the overall concept. But this is the point of design: a neat lawn emphasizes the charm of a natural landscape.

Landscaping in the English style cannot be imagined without climbing ivy, grapes and hops - not only arbors and a fence, but also all large buildings of the site should be twined with them, because these plants give them the effect of light fascinating antiquity.

English style

The optimal set of trees is larch, maple and spruce. But the shrubs should be in contrast, that is, more unusual: action, forsythia, hydrangeas.

Natural rustic style

The rustic landscape style is the opposite of all “civilized” styles, which is confirmed by its main features:

• instead of a lawn of the same height - sloppy grass;
• instead of ceremonial shrubs - unassuming plants;
• instead of a picket fence - wattle;
• instead of pots of a single sample - aged vessels of various sizes.

Country style

Traditionally, there should be a lot of fruit trees on the site, but not exotic, but simple ones: apple trees, cherries, pears. There can be no talk of any symmetry of the trees - only a chaotic landing is welcome. Flower beds are also as natural as possible: the usual daisies, cornflowers and tulips “live” here.

underlined country style authentic decorative details: a scarecrow, a cart, a wheel - everything that creates an atmosphere of slight negligence on the site.

Soul country style

Modest, light and cheerful - this is how you can characterize landscape design in country style. It is ideal for those who want to get the most comfortable area without significant costs.

The central place in country landscape design is occupied by all kinds of rural decorative elements:

• old buckets;
• clay pots with flowers;
• watering cans;

Country style

• wheelbarrows;
• baskets.

The fence must be wooden and abundantly entwined with plants. But even better if it is a regular wattle fence.

A neat lawn on such a site is useless - it will be successfully replaced by lawns with plants that do not require special care: , clover, dandelions. Also, there must be berry bushes and fruit trees.

Noble Mediterranean style

The landscape in the Mediterranean style denies luxury and pretentiousness, but welcomes modest nobility, so the main feature of such a site is exquisite simplicity in every detail.

Hedges of shrubs, a large number of flowering flower beds with roses, lawns with herbs, fruit trees - this is the minimum set of vegetation for such a garden.

mediterranean style

Also, a Mediterranean-style site is impossible without water elements: fountains, waterfalls, streams - one of these landscape components should become the center of the whole design composition.
Chinese style

Not far from the pond, you need to equip a stone composition - it can be either a traditional miniature on a tray or a decorative slide.

As for trees, willows, plums, peaches will be the most appropriate. The scheme of their landing does not matter, but it is important that there are not too many trees and they do not cover the gazebo or pond. And, of course, an essential attribute of any Chinese garden is a richly decorated gazebo with a curved roof.

As you can see, each style of landscape design is unique. So first think carefully about which of the above formats of the site is closer to you, and only then feel free to proceed to its design.

Styles in landscape design: video

Each owner of a land plot wants to decorate it so that it looks not only beautiful, but also unique. To do this, there are different areas of landscape design, which have their own characteristics and characteristics.

A well-thought-out layout of the territory, as well as the chosen color scheme, plants, decor, furniture and equipment allow you to create a unique landscape composition even on the most primitive object.

Peculiarities

Currently, landscape design is given special attention. After all, a beautifully designed garden or household plot creates a favorable atmosphere and a feeling of comfort. Only a properly planned landscape looks really stylish and presentable.

For the design of the territory, such elements of landscape design are used as:

• planting materials in the form of trees, shrubs and lawns;
• architectural elements, which include paths, gazebos, sculptures, bridges and canopies;
• rock garden components in the form of flower beds, flower beds and retaining structures;
• elements of reservoirs from cascades, streams and ponds.

Any direction of landscape design is a whole philosophy, which is based on a certain kind of art and creativity. Using this or that style, you can create a comfortable environment not only for yourself, but also for those around you.

The main thing is that the entire site should look like a single composition, only then it will radiate aesthetic beauty and look complete.

Main groups

All styles of landscape design have their own characteristics and characteristics, which you should definitely pay due attention to. It must be remembered that each direction in the landscape is intended for a specific area, therefore, before making a final choice, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the description of the option of interest.

Conventionally, all landscape areas are divided into two main groups:

• Regular. They are characterized by strict geometric shapes and regularities.
• Landscape. They are as close as possible to nature and its natural beauty.

Each of these groups includes certain styles that differ from each other in individual characteristics.

Classical

This regular style is based on strict symmetry and clear geometric shapes. This direction is intended for large areas where it is possible to translate all creative ideas into reality.

The constituent elements of such a landscape are straight alleys., neat flower beds, round arbors, forged benches, pergolas, as well as decorative ornaments in the form of arches, columns, ancient sculptures and stone balls. In the very center of the site, beautiful fountains and ponds are sure to be located.

Thuja, maple, linden, jasmine and lilac are planted from the trees here, and the flowers are presented in the form of roses, begonias, salvia and phlox.

Modern

An exquisite style of landscape design, which is characterized by such features as elegance and high cost. Particular attention is paid to the architecture and accessories, but the vegetation fades into the background. The central element in the design is always the house, which smoothly and very harmoniously complements the rest of the items.

Preference is given to materials of natural origin, which gives the atmosphere nobility.

Plants with pointed leaves, such as hops or parthenocissus, are beautifully planted in groups to create an atmosphere of comfort and tranquility.

The color scheme consists of black, white, chocolate, beige, silver, blue and purple. As a contrast, the use of red and yellow flowers. A beautiful decoration is the presence of a fountain or a stream, which give the territory a special freshness.

Beautiful arbors, benches and fences are necessarily complemented by forged elements on a plant theme. In addition, figures of birds and animals in bronze colors are used as decor.

Oriental

It is characterized by a wide variety of plants, as well as applied architectural forms. This style is based on several directions at the same time:

• Chinese. When decorating, each element is located according to the rules of Feng Shui. Particular attention is focused on plants, which are presented in the form of fruit and evergreen trees, shrubs, medicinal herbs and flowers. The decor function is performed by bronze sculptures, wooden figurines, as well as architectural forms. A favorable atmosphere for pastime is created by cozy gazebos and small houses.
• Japanese. It is characterized by such features as minimalism and conciseness. Each component detail here has a certain meaning, and is also a symbol of Japan. Mandatory element considered alpine slide and sakura.

• Asian. Designed for large areas where it is possible to create real comfort and harmony. When decorating, gentle tones and clear contours are used, so that each composition looks very stylish and aesthetically beautiful. stones different shapes are an integral part of this direction, so they complement almost every component of the landscape.

Oriental style is characterized by a clear planning of zones, as well as the correct geometric arrangement of trees, bushes and flowers, which together give a sense of serene calm.

Modern

A style of landscape design that is distinguished by sophistication and grace. It is characterized by simple geometric shapes and linear designs. In the process of arranging the site, materials such as natural wood, metal and concrete. Act as decoration modern sculptures, makeshift fireplaces and garden furniture. Of the plants here, cacti, non-flowering plants, dracaena, yucca, succulents and grass are appropriate.

To the most demanded destinations modern style relate:

• Minimalism. It is created using concise forms and a minimum number of constituent elements. Great for both large and small areas. The main rule here is the division of the territory into separate zones. The color scheme consists of white, silver, cream and light terracotta shades. For landscaping, trees such as birch, thuja, pine, maple, willow, as well as various fruit plantations are used.

• High tech. A style that does not require clear lines and a certain decor, which makes it suitable for the realization of the most extraordinary ideas. For the design of the site, materials such as glass, stone, metal, plastic and polycarbonate are used. Good lighting is important, which most often takes the form of LEDs, neatly arranged in modern lighting fixtures.

• Loft. It is considered the most budget option for landscape design. Brick and stone masonry is appropriate here, and ordinary pallets, boxes, pots and decorative lamps are often used as decor. The color scheme is quite restrained and presented in light, cold shades.

The design in this style looks quite simple, but at the same time functional and beautiful.

• Vanguard. An amazing and extraordinary style, which is characterized by the most daring experiments and unusual lines. In such a design, not only the cottage plot, but also any park or alley will look original. It harmoniously combines bright flowering plants and a calm atmosphere that have a positive effect on others. This free style is distinguished by the author's idea, which, with the help of imagination and creativity, is successfully embodied on the object.

• Bionics. A fairly new design direction, where preference is given to environmental materials of natural origin. Interesting lamps imitating waterfalls, flowers, trees or marine life are used as decorations. This feature gives the atmosphere a certain romance and comfort.

Mirror or glossy surfaces in the form of paths or other elements of the landscape give special beauty to the site.

Each of these areas is a real fashion trend, which is able to make even the most primitive site a chic design composition.

Ethnic

This direction of landscape design is characterized by the creation of a comfortable and aesthetically attractive area for recreation, in accordance with all relevant rules. It is important to correctly place accents with the help of plants, furniture and decorative elements.

The most popular ethnic styles are:

• Alpine. Its main features are durability and ease of creation. Stone is actively used here, from which various kinds of slides, paths and boulders are created. All compositions are decorated in light colors with the use of appropriate alpine plants. It is perfect for both large and very small areas.

• Landscape. With the help of this style, beautiful imitations of meadows, fields, forests or other natural landscapes are created. Decorative elements from natural materials in the form of wooden arbors, stumps and logs. A small lake or pond will be a good decoration, the banks of which will be lined with sand and pebbles, and water lilies and water lilies will float in the water. Forest and wild flowers give special beauty to the territory.

• Rustic. It does not require strict planning, and any improvised materials are suitable for its creation. Such rural landscape design provides for a minimum of costs, but at the same time it is very picturesque, cozy and comfortable. Furniture looks original self made, as well as decorative ornaments in the form of wicker baskets, wooden carts and vintage bicycles. The flower beds on the site are arranged in random order and serve as a kind of bright accents.
• Country. Democratic style, which is characterized by simplicity, solidity and closeness to nature. Paths are made of brick, wood or slabs, along which grass, lilac, jasmine and wild flowers grow. A beautiful gazebo from a log house, a reservoir or a stream through which a garden bridge is thrown, create a favorable atmosphere for complete relaxation and peace.

Weaving from vines, swings, wells, as well as wooden benches, buckets and watering cans.

• Provence. Sophisticated and delicate style of landscaping, with which you can easily create a beautiful area for relaxation. In addition to flower beds, it is appropriate to plant flowers in boxes and baskets, combining their various options with each other. Provence style is characterized by delicate colors in beige, white, pink, blue and purple.

• English. An ideal solution for large areas where it is possible to turn a design fantasy into reality. Strict forms and straight lines are completely absent here, so each constituent element of the landscape is characterized by unevenness, sinuosity and natural form. Preference is given to natural materials such as wood, stone, sandstone or gravel.

Gazebos, swings, barbecues and bridges with forging elements are considered mandatory items.

• Mediterranean. Style with a pronounced Greek accent, the color scheme of which is presented in white, blue, yellow and terracotta tones. The plots are decorated with a huge number of flowers arranged in ceramic pots. Integral attributes of this landscape direction are open gazebos and fountains, around which paths made of stone or ceramic tiles are neatly laid out.

Comfortable rattan furniture or wrought iron benches, complemented by soft pillows, give the atmosphere a special cosiness.

• Scandinavian. It has a sense of functionality, simplicity, restraint and orderliness. The color scheme is sustained in natural shades, such as green, blue, brown, red, yellow and gray. Wood and stone are used as the main materials. Perfect for this style. suitable furniture from wicker or rattan, complemented by such decorative elements as sculptures, as well as antique objects in the form of carts, spindles, wheels, barrels and ceramic shards.

• Italian. In this style, you can observe a clear division of the site into separate zones using straight or diagonal lines. In the center there must be a small reservoir, a fountain or a beautiful statue. This design direction is characterized by many stones that adorn almost every element of the landscape. From plants, you can plant a miniature rose, Japanese quince, Italian pines, cypresses, jasmine, almonds and Amur grapes.

• French. It implies the design of the territory in the form of unique compositions with clear lines and even geometric shapes. Neat paths, as well as hazel and juniper alleys, perfectly emphasize the beauty of this style. The central element is a pond, fountain, pool or statue. Beautiful lawns, decorated with pebbles along the edges, look especially aristocratic.

• Mauritanian. It features an abundance of lush flower beds and tropical plants. The reservoirs present on the site have a rectangular or square shape, the bottom of which is lined with colored tiles or stones in the form of a bright ornament. Pergolas are also characterized by a square or rectangular shape and can be decorated with flowering vines.

• Indian. For plots decorated in this style, strict geometricity is characteristic, so the landscape area here looks like a single whole. The presence of various water elements in the form of channels, pools, fountains and lakes creates a feeling of complete harmony with nature. Arbors are decorated with fresh flowers and carved lattices. All paths are laid out of colored gravel, along which statuettes and lanterns are located.

This direction of landscape design allows the maximum use of trees, shrubs and flowers.

• Chalet. An amazing style, where in the main part of the site there are different mountain landscapes in the form of alpine hills, beautiful slopes and rockeries. characteristic features This direction is the zoning of the territory, the presence of alpine slides, water bodies, beautiful paths and lawns, as well as bright flower beds. The color scheme is presented in light and soothing colors, but sometimes blotches in the form of red and orange shades are allowed.

From vegetation, it is appropriate to use coniferous, evergreen trees, such as pine, spruce, thuja and cypress.

stylesVlandscape designso many. There are about 23 styles, of which 19 are the main ones. This is a huge selection. To decide in such a variety, you must be guided by two rules:

Rule #1

Styleis individuality. Your individuality. It should please you and suit you as much as possible.

Rule #2

The features and characteristics of your site are of great importance. There are styles that will be especially suitable for your site configuration, terrain and other details.

The classic or regular style of the garden involves a geometrically correct layout with pronounced symmetry and regularity of the landscape composition.

Basic elements of a classic garden

• straight alleys, which are the axes of symmetry
• clear geometric shapes of flower beds, lawns, paving paths, ponds
• fountains located in the center of the site or in the center of the composition created on the site
• topiary plants
• a natural stone
• availability of open spaces
• the classic form of garden arbors, placed at the intersection of paths
• ground floor

Classic garden color palette

Classic colors regular style: white, beige, sand, blue, light terracotta.

Regular garden accessories

• antique sculpture, stone balls
• arches, classical columns, flowerpots
• wrought iron pergolas and benches
• classic style borders

The appeal of the English or landscape landscape garden style lies in the softness of the lines and smoothness of the contours of the garden, as well as in the naturalness of nature, which has a relaxing effect on a person subject to many stresses in modern life.

The main elements of the English garden

• vertical gardening
• winding paths made of natural materials
• a large number of perennials placed in mixborders
• the presence of neat green lawns, which are not only an object of aesthetic pleasure, but also a relaxation zone
• pond in landscape style
• the entrance to the house is decorated with a climbing plant braiding the facade of the house
• complete lack of order and strict geometry
• creeper-covered gate

English garden color palette

English style colors: green of various shades, silver.

English garden accessories

• benches made of natural materials, located under trees or on retaining walls
• antiques, handicrafts
• ceramic tiles interspersed in the walkway
• containers or flowerpots

The French landscaping style is considered the most difficult style in landscaping a site. The French Garden is a relaxing garden. It has both romance and sophistication. One of the most famous components of the French style is the Provence stylization.

Basic elements of a French garden

• small paved area near the house
• small lawn strict form
• fruit or ornamental trees in a small amount
• natural materials, main material
• sandstone or red brick
• low curbs along the paths
• the presence of herbs
• raised mini vegetable garden
• climbing roses

French garden color palette

French style colors: gray, blue, dark green, purple, yellow, gray, red on a green background.

French garden accessories

• wooden pergolas
• forged gratings
• wicker furniture
• indoor plants on the veranda
• rocking chair
• small barbecue
• terracotta pots

Landscape style country (rustic)

Rustic or country style can be considered the oldest of all landscape design styles, because human society began to develop from small settlements, modest houses with simple lawns of wild flowers and fruit plants.

Basic elements of country style

• lush flower gardens from field plants
• natural lawns
• small natural style pond
• paths made of tree bark, gravel or tree cuts
• hand-made products
• combining fruit and flower crops into one composition
• orchard and vegetable garden

rustic color palette

Country style colors: white, yellow, red, all bright colors.

Country style accessories

• wooden fence or fence
• benches and wells
• pergolas made of timber or logs
• wooden barrels
• rustic pots or cast iron pots
• birdhouses, houses and bird feeders
• small architectural forms in the form of pets and poultry made of natural materials (wood, clay, stone

Currently, eco-style in the garden is very popular. He recreates a piece of wildlife on the site. Such a garden is completely undemanding to care for.

The main elements of eco landscape style

• the presence of only natural materials in the garden
• combination of plants and stone
• mixture of garden flowers and wild plants
• natural lawn of wildflowers
• forest plants
• intermittent paving, grass or ground cover plants are sown in between
• minimal interference with existing flora and natural landscape

Eco garden color palette

Eco-style colors: natural colors.

Eco style accessories

• rugged garden furniture
• fire pit
• hut or simple canopy
• stumps, tree cuts, snags, log benches
• crafts from vines and branches
• plank or log bridges
• lamps in the crowns of trees

Traditional Japanese gardens are designed for quiet contemplation while providing a spiritual retreat for its inhabitants. The main attention in the creation of an oriental garden is given to nature. Japanese garden elements symbolize natural elements. geometric shapes and artificial materials not used in oriental landscape design. The garden should have a natural and harmonious look that invites contemplation.

In Russia, the Japanese garden style is not used in pure form, the motives, techniques and symbols of this garden are applied here. You should not make the entire plot in the Japanese style, it is better if only some corner of the garden is “Japanese”.

Basic elements of a Japanese garden

• the presence of water in the garden in any convenient form (reservoirs, bowls of water, stream, etc.)
• stone and plants
• asymmetry
• combined paving, step-by-step paths
• "dry" stream, rock garden, gravel, large smooth boulders
• bamboo hedges, moss (or bryozoan) under the trees
• hilly crowns of trees

Japanese garden color palette

Colors of Japanese and Oriental styles: gray, green, brown, white. Smooth transition from color to color. One or two color accents.

Japanese and oriental garden accessories

• bridges over water
• "dry" stream
• flat stone
• stone lanterns
• stone benches
• bamboo products
• gazebos in the form of a "tea house"
• ropes, winding snags, roots
• white ceramic

A Muslim or Islamic garden is like an oasis in the desert. The main purpose of the Islamic garden is to create an atmosphere of deep relaxation. A tool for creating such an atmosphere are the smells of flowers and fruit trees.

Basic elements of a Muslim garden

• regular style, privacy, "closedness"
• the presence of a brick or concrete fence
• geometry in the garden (square or rectangle, less often - a circle)
• water rectangular shape using oriental mosaic
• porcelain stoneware paving
• fruit trees, fragrant flowers and herbs
• places to rest in the shade of trees
• stone chor-bak

Muslim garden color palette

Muslim style colors: bright colors.

Muslim (Islamic) garden accessories

• wooden or stone benches with plenty of cushions
• gazebo in muslim style
• decoration of the entrance to the garden with the use of elements oriental style(an arch with mosaic elements, curtains made of glass pendants, etc.)

landscape style of the noble estate is known to us from Russian literature of the 18th century. A garden in the style of Russian classicism suggests a breadth of scope, and this is possible only in large areas. The style is mixed, includes both regular and landscape elements. A distinctive feature of the Russian landscape is the combination of utilitarian and artistic functions.

The main elements of the Russian garden

• hedges
• lawn, alleys, fountains
• landscape pond
• rotundas or pavilions
• shady corners
• classic lanterns
• sculptures
• winding paths
• old, large trees with a spreading crown

The color palette of the Russian noble garden

The colors of the Russian noble garden: light, without bright spots. White, cream, sand, light blue, blue, light terracotta, yellow, pink.

Accessories of the Russian garden (noble estate)

• classical sculpture
• Forged Products
• arches, flowerpots, antique garden lamps, columns, cast-iron benches
• raised flower beds

The mediterranean-style garden is intended primarily for relaxing on outdoor terrace or by the swimming pool. This is the most "summer" garden. If you create a Mediterranean landscape on your site, then every time you leave the house you will plunge into another world. The smell of fragrant herbs, the sound of rustling water and the warm color of terracotta - all this will invite you to sit down and drink a glass of wine. All you will miss at this moment is the view of the sparkling blue ocean.

Basic elements of a mediterranean garden

• contrast between shadow and light
• the presence of a patio
• large area paving
• citrus plants in terracotta pots
• white walls
• swimming pool
• garden furniture

Mediterranean garden color palette

Mediterranean style colors: beige, sand, terracotta, white, azure blue, blue, yellow, orange, red.

Mediterranean garden accessories

• terracotta pots
• white plaster
• gazebos in the form of pergolas with a canopy or umbrellas
• mosaic in paving
• painted wooden benches
• indoor plants on the terrace
• shutters on the windows

Hi-tech style is a garden style for busy people. To create high-tech garden elements are used modern materials, namely: polycarbonate, composite materials, glass, metal, plastic, etc. The uniqueness of the garden is achieved by creating interesting designs, original forms of plants and the method of arranging decor elements.

The main elements of a high-tech garden

• contrast
• well-finished wood and concrete
• glass, metal, polycarbonate, modern composite materials
• colored landscape lighting
• modern lamps
• colored and white gravel
• paving of regular geometric shape
• reservoirs of the original form, framed in metal or concrete

Hi-tech garden color palette

High-tech style colors: silver, white, cream, sand, light gray, green, blue, purple. For accents are used: orange, red, yellow, black.

Hi-tech garden accessories

• solar lamps, LED bulbs and pillar lamps
• abstract sculpture
• flowers in clear geometric containers, outdoor vases
• balls, cubes, bars made of metal, glass, ceramics
• mirrors in the garden
• CDs on tree branches
• corrugated board fencing

Modern style (art nouveau)

Art Nouveau style is known for its streamlined forms. It is aesthetic and refined style. As a rule, in the Art Nouveau garden, more attention is paid to small architectural forms and structure, rather than plants. Modern style, otherwise - art nouveau, creates the impression of elegance and high cost. A feature of this style are sinuous, smooth, arched lines.

The main elements of the Art Nouveau garden

• simplicity and smoothness of lines
• repetition of decor elements (the pattern should be repeated in different design elements: in paths, in plantings, ornaments on buildings, etc.)
• the unity of the style of home and garden
• a stream or a fountain, or the absence of a reservoir
• many accents
• modern materials

Modern garden color palette

Art Nouveau colors: chocolate, black, red-brown, beige, dark gray, silver, pink, blue, purple, white. Contrast will be created: yellow, red, fuchsia.

Art Nouveau garden accessories

• large slabs are used for paving, paving slabs, paving stones, garden parquet, natural and artificial stone
• furniture and containers for flowers (made of concrete or terracotta) with strict outlines
• benches, arbors, lanterns and fences should contain a forged base with a floral ornament characteristic of Art Nouveau
• figurines of birds, insects in bronze

Garden minimalism came to us from the interior. It implies simplicity and conciseness of design. But to implement this landscape style in the garden is not so easy. After all, you need to try very hard to, having at your disposal a minimum of components, to express the idea as much as possible.

Basic elements of garden minimalism

• studio lot
• zone distribution lines are level differences
• clear and straight lines
• texture materials
• stairs of various shapes
• geometric pond

minimalist garden color palette

Minimalism landscape style colors: silver, cream, white, beige, light terracotta.

Minimalist Garden Accessories

• boulders
• mirrors
• abstract sculpture
• lamps
• light, transparent garden furniture made of plastic or aluminum

Throughout the history of the development of landscape art in different countries the world formed its own unique types of gardens and styles of their design. Despite the fact that some of them have lost their original features by our time, their basic concept and principles of organization to this day are a source of inspiration for landscape designers designing modern backyard territories.

The main types of gardens and their design styles

In landscape design, two main, basic principles are distinguished, in accordance with which the future image of a landscaped area is formed - these are the so-called formal (regular) and landscape (landscape) styles.

It is noteworthy that all these elements in the overall composition are combined in such a way that the visitor is not able to immediately capture the entire territory of the park with a glance, but could admire the opening views while walking through its isolated spaces - “green rooms”, pavilions, courtyards and halls. .

Dutch gardens

They can be considered a model of effective and maximum rational use space. Most of them are characterized by the features of a formal style: here you can observe the same strict symmetry, thoughtful arrangement of geometric elements and shapes. However, in some variations of the design of Dutch gardens, there is a pronounced landscape style, along with which effective use space and light.

This trend is explained quite simply: the Netherlands is one of the most densely populated European countries, therefore, the area of ​​the local territories, as a rule, is small, and requires a professional approach to its organization and arrangement.

A distinctive feature is the abundance of flowers - tulips, snowdrops, daffodils. A striking example here is the world-famous Royal Flower Park in the Netherlands.

English landscape gardens

They belong to one of the oldest trends in landscape gardening art. Formed for the first time in England at the beginning of the 18th century, this landscape style began to actively spread throughout Europe, displacing the previously more popular formal direction “à la française”, which was used as the main style in European gardening at that time.

French landscape, formed under the influence of the English landscape style (Ermenonville Park);

The French Renaissance is the forerunner of the French formal style, which arose on the basis of the principles of the Italian Renaissance (Chateau Ambleville castle with parks in the spirit of the Italian Renaissance).

Italian gardens

Stylistically based on the use of symmetry and strict geometry. It was this direction that had a tremendous impact on the formation of the concept of English and French gardens, and on the history of landscape art in general. A significant role in this was played by the Renaissance, during which the landscape gardening areas in Italy began to expand, acquiring a more pronounced geometry and symmetry in their appearance.

Until the Renaissance, the medieval Italian garden was enclosed in solid wall insulation and served exclusively as a place for growing fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs or, using the example of monastery gardens, to spend time in prayer and meditation. Figuratively speaking, with the onset of the Renaissance, the wall between the garden and the landscape outside it was destroyed, and fountains, antique sculptures, water objects began to appear in the territories - everything that was designed to delight and surprise.

As an example of such a landscape organization, one can cite the palace and park complex Palazzo e Giardino Giusti (Giusti Park) in the east of Verona, built back in the 16th century, and to this day is considered one of the best examples of Italian garden and park art.

Japanese gardens

A group that includes such traditional types of gardens and private parks as:

stone lanterns;

Tsukubai - small stone pools, mainly for ritual purposes;

Fences, fences, various fixtures and devices (shishi-odoshi, etc.);

Trees and flowers (azaleas, camellias, ginkgo, Japanese cedar, sakura, bamboo, willow, Japanese cypress, etc.);

Live fish - mainly multi-colored koi (so-called "brocade carps") are common in Japan.

As examples that clearly demonstrate the canons of the Japanese style in landscape design, one should cite such well-known parks as:

Kenroku-en (Kanazawa);

Koraku-en (Okayama);

Kairaku-en (Mito).

Korean garden style

They are another example of using the principles of landscape design style. Initially (like Japanese ones) formed under the influence of Chinese trends in landscape design, they eventually acquired their own unique character, filled with elements of Korean culture and traditions.

The classic type of landscape gardening in Korea is characterized by such details as:

Evergreen trees and plants - mainly Korean cedar and bamboo;

Natural streams, waterfalls;

It is noteworthy that in the organization of such landscapes, both formal and landscape style techniques can be used.

The most famous example of a traditional Persian garden is the park at the mausoleum-mosque of the Taj Mahal, located in Agra (India). Despite the fact that this historical and cultural object is located outside of Iran, its organization clearly demonstrates the main canons of a special planning style characteristic of Persian gardens - the so-called. "charbag" ("chaharbag"). This style of landscape design provides for the division of space into four rectangular parts, separated by paths or channels with running water.

Spanish gardens

Separate, independent direction. Having largely adopted the features inherent in Persian, Islamic and Roman styles, this type of garden has acquired its own unique character over time and gained popularity in different parts of the world - primarily in countries with a hot and dry climate.

An interesting feature of the organization of most gardens in the Spanish style is the use of numerous techniques and heterogeneous elements aimed at activating the human senses (hearing, smell, touch, etc.). Thus, in the arrangement of territories subordinate to this direction, the following are used:

Small multi-level fountains with bubbling water;

Fragrant flowers and fragrant herbs;

Fruit trees;

Artificial ponds, etc. "reflecting" pools;

Objects that provide shade and coolness: arcades (a continuous series of equal arches), pergolas, trellises, garden pavilions;

Drip irrigation systems that provide freshness and humidity.

The use of symmetry in the improvement of territories subordinate to this direction is one of the basic principles of the original Spanish style. illustrative examples its embodiments are well-known historical and cultural sites - such as the Generalife - the former residence of the emirs of the Nasrid dynasty who ruled Granada, the Maria Luisa Park in Seville, the Alcazar of Seville.

Hello friends, Primula is with you again and we continue our rubric ALL ABOUT LANDSCAPE DESIGN. Last time, we introduced you to the concept of landscape design, what kind of unfamiliar vegetable it is and what it is eaten with. And today we will dig a little deeper and talk about a few basic styles.

If you haven't read the previous article, click here. here .

We all know that every household plot, courtyard of a private house, garden and park deserve the attention of the owners. In modern times, to create a unique, practical and at the same time pleasant on appearance space next to your home is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. Especially if the area is not too large.

But there are a number of reasons why resorting to the help of professionals is not only convenient, but also useful. And one of the main reasons is the style of landscape design of the future site, the choice of which must be approached with meaning, so that a single image is obtained.

Every land owner wants his or her garden to be truly unique and beautiful. As well as in the design of housing, the site can be issued different styles landscape design. Each of them is somewhat similar, but at the same time they are completely different. What exactly, let's take a look.

Japanese landscape style

Asian philosophy has always differed from European. Garden decoration is no exception.

The Japanese garden is designed for observation, meditation and philosophical reflection, so the main thing for such a garden will be a well-coordinated arrangement, which carries both decorative and philosophical meaning. It must always be remembered that the main task of the Japanese style in landscape design is unity with nature.

You can create a Japanese garden on plots with different areas (optimally 1-8 acres). A garden in this style is characterized by the use of a huge number of stones as a central element, undersized plants, ponds, it is characterized by winding paths. Everything should look natural. You need to completely forget about symmetry. Nature does not accept geometry, but at the same time it perfectly creates unique and inimitable landscapes.

Advice: It is better to use plants and stones that grow and are mined in your environment.

One more main feature The Japanese garden is multi-zoned. In addition, each zone must be interconnected due to various smooth transitions.

Advice: Use only calm and gentle colors.

Chinese style in landscape design

Another Asian style in landscape design, which is often confused with Japanese, especially those who equip their garden for the first time and do not yet know all the subtleties and differences. And there are many!

The ideology of the Chinese Garden is the teachings of Feng Shui, the main postulates that have found their application in landscape design, which are:

1. Harmony of 5 elements (water, earth, fire, wood, metal). This applies to all the proportions of water and land, free and occupied space, landscape features.
2. A clear selection of the center, the main dominant point.
3. The significance of each plant, each element of garden design.

Everything that will be done, built, planted, dug up in the Chinese garden, must be permeated with Qi energy, and the task of the owner of the site is to direct this energy in the right direction.

When arranging the Chinese style, it is very important to remember the main rule for creating ethnic gardens, all elements of landscape design and architecture must correspond to the chosen style.

Advice: Everything, down to outbuildings and entrance group, should be stylized with Chinese style and architecture.

Hilly terrain is best suited for the arrangement of a Chinese garden. Therefore, if you are the owner uneven area and Chinese philosophy is close to you, then choosing this design style will greatly simplify your task. A completely flat area will have to be revived by pouring artificial hills, hills and slides.

As in Japanese style, Chinese is also characterized by multi-zone. When constructing Chinese gardens, designers very often use the Bagua octagon - this is the division of the site into 9 sectors, based on the knowledge of Feng Shui about the concentration of energy. The center of the composition of the site, as a rule, choose the most elevated part from which opens beautiful view, and the center of the composition is visible from every corner.

Most ethnic styles are characterized by their color, the use of which in the design of landscape design helps to make it recognizable.

Advice: Use a combination of yellow, red, green and brown.

Mandatory plants in the Chinese garden are noble peonies, chrysanthemums, lilies. But small-flowering, variegated and field plants, so often used in the ethnic gardens of Europe, it is better not to plant. They can create stylistic dissonance.

Another feature is that in the absence of classic, clipped lawns and well-defined flower beds, all plants must be trimmed, the presence of weeds and negligence in care are unacceptable.

After completion, it remains only to carefully care for the plants. And also remember that the garden is a place of rest, restoring peace in the soul and harmony with the outside world, so all troubles and troubles should be left outside its gates.

French style landscape design

The French style is distinguished by its rationality, it is characterized by the severity of geometric shapes and absolute symmetry: evenly trimmed trees and shrubs, straight paths, reservoirs are also distinguished by their geometric shape.

The most common and popular are axial compositions, when a key object (a fountain, a large tree, a sculpture or even a house) is in the center. And already from it paths of the correct form are directed in different directions, along which a neatly trimmed lawn is laid. In addition, you can create colorful colored flower beds. The plants in them must be planted in a certain order so that a beautiful and original pattern is created during flowering.

You can complement the design with various sculptures, as well as natural or artificially created reservoirs.

Advice: Creating a gazebo can hide you from prying eyes.

Like no other style, landscape design depends on the plants chosen. French style trees and shrubs of a dense crown are inherent, amenable to shearing and keep their shape well. Alleys are formed with the help of bosquets (this is a fairly dense group of trees and shrubs that form walls of a certain height). Often, bosquets are used to create a secluded area, for a comfortable stay, and fruitful work.

In our region, they are most often used to create common spruce, small-leaved linden, blue honeysuckle, yellow acacia and common barberry. With the help of bosquets, you can not only form alleys and create a cozy office, but also imitate architectural elements: arches, towers, columns.

The lawn deserves special attention. They occupy most of the park and delight the eye with juicy, dense greenery, but at the same time they require special care: almost daily cutting and watering.

As for flowers, there are relatively few of them. Classical French landscape design allows for neat flower beds, but they are not focused on. This is a light decoration of the park and nothing more. Most often, tulips, lilies, cyclamens are planted in a regular garden.

It must be remembered that the French garden requires tireless attention. To preserve its beauty, it is necessary to regularly cut and water the plants, monitor their condition, renew trees, shrubs and flowers in a timely manner.

Scandinavian style in landscape design

The Scandinavian style in landscape design is an abundance of randomly spaced, but at the same time harmoniously combined decorative elements and various plants. This style looks casual and at the same time so well-groomed, where everything is done with love for nature.

An indispensable attribute of any site is garden furniture (wooden or wicker). Tall green plants next to the furniture should be in abundance. It is even better if they envelop her with their leaves. Small parts are the key to the successful creation of a Scandinavian garden. Therefore, it will be great if various rustic utensils.

The Scandinavian style is characterized by:

• - simplicity;
• - restraint;
• - orderliness;
• - functionality;
• - naturalness.

Often the absence garden plants and fruit trees replace bright decorations such as: wood sculptures, stone compositions, garden benches, arches and arbors from wood of a natural form.

Another one salient feature garden in scandinavian style compactness. On a small area, but very well-groomed and aesthetic area (5-10 acres) you can see:

• - stone paved paths;
• - wooden fences;
• - green lawns;
• - a site resembling a wild forest;
• - group plantings of coniferous dwarfs;
• - neatly trimmed small hedges;
• - original benches;
• - fenced flower beds and flower beds;
• - garden decor and small makeshift reservoirs.

The Scandinavian garden cannot be imagined without stones. They must be in abundance. In addition, it is better if, in addition to ordinary blocks, smaller stones are used. The paths must also be made of stone. To add contrast, around their perimeter you can plant bright colors.

English style in landscape design

The English style almost always implies a garden with a perfectly trimmed lawn, many flowers and decorative elements. You can create such a landscape only in large areas, numbering a hectare and more. However, it is possible to arrange a corner in the English style on 10 acres, hiding it as a secret behind a hedge. The main thing is to follow important rule bring the result as close as possible to the natural landscape, slightly embellishing bright colors.

Another main feature of this style is the absence of straight lines and strict forms. The paths are winding, the lawns are uneven, the bushes are uncut. Flowerbeds and mixborders should be scattered in a chaotic manner and full of variety. flowering plants. Terrace, pond, even lawns, shrubs and trees, everything, even water plants, should be as close to natural nature as possible.

English style inherent annual and perennials, which are planted quite densely. Sometimes more tall plants hide smaller ones with their stems. When choosing a color scheme, go beyond the framework. Remember that flower beds and lawns should be pleasing to the eye, and any color will do for this purpose.

Bluebells, petunias, phloxes, lemon balm, lavender, crocuses, irises, primroses, tulips, begonias, marigolds, spicy herbs and wild cereals grow ideally in close quarters. The window sills of the house must be decorated with flowerpots, and gazebos should also be decorated.

Advice: It is better to prefer benches and arbors made of wood and forged openwork elements. Stone vases with flowers, bridges over ponds with forged railings, antique-style statues look beautiful and harmonious. Ideal would be the layout of the recreation area near the pond.

If your site has a pond (artificial or natural), do not forget to populate it with water lilies, duckweed and other aquatic plants.

Italian style in landscape design

In its geometric forms, the Italian landscape style is similar to the French one. The main difference is its size - this style is ideal for most standard suburban areas.

The main part of the garden is occupied by vegetation, the house is supposed to be located at the foot of the slope or on the main peak, and the garden itself is already on terraced plots.

It is customary to attribute the presence of alleys, paved paths and stone platforms to an important feature of Italian design. Stone is also used to create fences and small architectural forms, such as cascades, pavilions in the park, fountains and grottoes, ramps and beautiful stairs connecting terraces located at different levels.

The main attributes of the Italian garden are ponds, terraces, hedges, flowerpots, fountains (as a central element), stone walls.

The dominant colors of this style are: yellow, red.

Advice: When choosing plants, try to lean towards flowers with different flowering seasons. Don't limit yourself to one or two colors. Brightness is the key to this style. During the flowering period, such a garden will give you positive emotions and inspire you.

Classic Italian garden landscaping is impossible without dark green trees, such as cypress or oak. A green hedge can be made from boxwood, myrtle or laurel. Also, the Italian garden, in addition to evergreen trees, is planted with chestnuts, poplars, and fruit bushes. It should be remembered that the dark green color is wonderfully combined with different shades of stone: golden, pink, beige, gray.

Russian style in landscape design

A typical Russian estate combines a mix different styles landscape design. They took benches and swings from English, French and Italian, and adopted something from Japanese. A feature of the Russian style is its functionality, for example, the presence of a vegetable garden and maximum comfort for the family.

The garden in the style of a Russian estate is characterized by:

• - Combination of beauty and usefulness.
• - Harmony of garden design with the surrounding nature.
• - The predominance of tree species.
• - Artificial ponds, cascades of them.
• - Alleys with closed crowns of trees and young undergrowth.

The Russian style is also characterized by the division of the site into several zones: a front garden, a garden, a recreation area, a vegetable garden and an economic zone. The central element is the house, which is traditionally located in the central part of the site. All plots are connected with the help of alleys. A road leads to the front porch of the house, which runs through the front of the park.

The Russian garden does not accept any exotic, complex compositions, multi-level fountains and fancy stones. However, all decorative elements must be carefully thought out and take their place. This style is characterized by ease and naturalness. Beauty is skillfully combined with practicality: flowering flower beds coexist with small garden. The garden should be slightly disheveled, unkempt.

When creating a design, rely on light, calm colors of sand, a shade of fresh wood, white, blue, the whole spectrum of green, soft apricot. Bright accents will be flowers in flower beds or ornamental shrubs.

From annual plants, give preference to asters, calendula, petunias, nasturtiums. Perennials, such as bluebells, lupins, garden daisies, aconites, etc., will also look good.

If you are a lover of bulbous plants, then your choice is tulips, daffodils, hyacinths and lilies. Making flower beds in the style of a Russian estate, do not forget about irises, primroses, marigolds and sweet peas. These plants have long been familiar to almost every gardener and do not require special skills in growing and caring. Perfect for beginners who decide to create a Russian garden at their dacha. Of the shrubs are ideal: euonymus, jasmine, barberry, gooseberry, lilac, currant.

The Russian garden cannot do without flowers and shrubs alone; it needs to be planted with trees as well. Deciduous, coniferous, but most often fruit, as they are both beautiful and useful, and places (considering the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe plot) do not take up very much. Apple trees, pears, cherries are something that has long been familiar and loved.

Any thing that fits the spirit of the Russian style can become an artistic design element. If you want a wooden bridge over a pond, hanging a birdhouse is great, using an old wooden wheel as a garden decoration is also good! The main thing is that everything should be made of appropriate materials and be combined with the general style of the garden as organically as possible.

If earlier you vaguely imagined that there are many styles of Landscape Design, now, we really hope that we have shed a little more light on this topic. And you already more clearly understand in which direction you plan to transform your site.

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