The simplest boiler piping for underfloor heating. How to make a heating boiler piping. What elements does the harness consist of?

If you are interested in how the correct strapping is done gas boiler heating, the diagram on this page will help you understand this issue. A few comments on the diagram and a few additional photos will also add clarity.

Piping is called pipes and mechanisms designed to supply coolant from the boiler to radiators. This is almost the entire heating system, with the exception of batteries.

The system consists of many nodes, however, even a non-professional can mount the simplest boiler piping. But if you need a complex scheme, it is better to contact an experienced master.

It is better to install the boiler in a separate room, for example, in an outbuilding, boiler room or basement, because. strapping involves additional pipes and mechanisms, which is not always convenient. However, if there is a shortage of space, heating equipment is installed in the house.

The choice of a piping scheme for each particular house depends on the type of boiler, the features of the building, and the type of heating system.

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This equipment is valued for energy independence. It is popular in areas where there is no centralized gas supply. Most solid fuel models are not equipped with circulation pumps, and this is taken into account when choosing additional devices, piping schemes

Electricity is an expensive resource. The operation of even the most economical electric boilers is more expensive than heating with any other fuel. Otherwise, they are flawless. When choosing a strapping scheme, the presence / absence of an automatic control unit and the need to ground the equipment are taken into account

Over the past decades, natural gas has been the most profitable fuel. Connecting the house to the highway is associated with some bureaucratic procedures, but the hassle pays off. When arranging the boiler piping, care should be taken, because. fuel is explosive

The advantages of liquid fuel equipment are high efficiency, full automation, versatility (you can replace the burner and heat the house with gas). For the installation of such a boiler, no approvals or permits are required. The piping scheme should take into account the need to install a tank for fuel supply

Any gas equipment is dangerous. Incorrect connection is fraught not only with problems with heating, but also with explosions and destruction, therefore, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules and regulations, and comply with the requirements of safety regulations. The main documentation on which they rely when arranging a gas heating system is SNiP.

The main node of the system is the boiler. The strapping scheme is chosen, focusing on its type, location (wall or floor model), design features

It is necessary to carefully plan the heating scheme, the location of the equipment, the features of laying pipelines.

The boiler piping performs several significant functions at once:

Pressure control. If the piping is installed correctly, thermal expansion is compensated, which means that the pressure in the system will not rise to critical levels.
Air removal. Air bubbles form plugs, due to which the efficiency of water heating decreases: the radiators do not warm up completely, and the consumption of resources remains the same. High-quality boiler piping is essential to prevent this problem.
Prevention of blockages in the system. If the boiler is not properly tied, the risk of scale formation in radiators and pipes increases. Small debris in the coolant pollutes the system, which leads to excessive fuel consumption and an increase in the cost of heating, while reducing its quality.
Possibility of connecting other circuits. You can install an underfloor heating system, a storage boiler.

In many ways, heat supply depends on the correct connection of the boiler to pipelines and other important components, therefore, the gas boiler piping scheme must be carefully thought out and mounted with the highest quality.

When arranging the beam system, manifold cabinets are installed where most of the boiler piping mechanisms can be mounted. It's convenient and practical

Properly selected and installed boiler piping will last for many years without accidents and repairs, and its cost will be optimal.

Features of connecting solid fuel boilers

Choosing a place for a solid fuel boiler

Such equipment cannot be simply turned off, like gas or electric. If loading has been carried out, then nothing will change until the fuel is completely burned out. Therefore, with such a strapping, it is necessary to provide protection systems. They can be of several types:

Using tap water. To implement this option, special device. By appearance it resembles TEN. It is built into the heat exchanger, some manufacturers specifically provide an additional input for such solutions. After that, running water is supplied, and the outlet pipe is lowered into the sewer. The essence of the method is that when the work is terminated circulation pump due to a lack of electrical energy or a breakdown, a valve opens, which allows cold water, it, passing through the coil, takes part of the temperature, after which it is discharged into the sewer. The process continues until the fuel burns out completely. In some situations, this method will be ineffective, because when the light is turned off, the pressure in the water supply also disappears.
Uninterruptable power source. Available today various options. Most of them support the connection of external batteries. The duration of operation will depend on the selected battery capacity. In this case, the pump is connected to the network through the UPS. As soon as the electrical energy disappears, a device comes into play that keeps the pump working until the power supply to the house is restored or until the batteries are discharged.
Small gravity circuit. It implies the circulation of the carrier in a small circle, which does not need the use of a pump. It is made in compliance with all slopes and pipe diameter.
Additional gravity circuit. This option implies the presence of two full circuits. However, when an emergency occurs dangerous situation and forced circulation disappears, hot water, under the influence of physical laws, continues to flow into the second circle, giving the temperature to the heaters.

Boilers of this type do not have the function of regulating the heat supply. The combustion of fuel cannot be interrupted, therefore, in the event of a power outage, the pump responsible for the forced movement of the coolant will stop. However, the heating will continue and the pressure will rise. The developing process will disable the entire system. To exclude such moments, several types of emergency schemes are provided that allow you to dump excess heat. This:

Timely supply of cold water.
Connecting the batteries to the pump.
The presence of a gravitational circuit.
Additional emergency circuit.

For solid fuel boilers, piping plays an important role - a high-quality connection will allow you to create a self-regulating system. Therefore, it is better to entrust the subtleties of installation to the skillful hands of specialists.

It is necessary to pay attention to the principles of circulation of the coolant through the heating circuit. This -

coolant and circuit with

A distinctive feature of these species is the presence or absence of a node that forces hot water to move.

In a system of natural circulation, movement in a closed system occurs under the influence of the laws of physics. The process is determined by the indicators of the difference in the density of water. This type of heating eliminates the consumption of electricity.

A natural circulation system cannot be automatically regulated, and this will require pipes with a larger diameter, which will affect the interior of the room and increase the cost. If the network is subject to periodic voltage drops, such an organization of heating would be the best option.

Advantages of a natural circulation system:

Ease of installation.
Independence from the supply of electricity.
Budget option.
Reliable functioning and operation.

Forced circulation ensures the creation of the necessary pressure due to the operation of electric pumps. The forced circulation circuit is comfortable because it is controlled automatically under the condition of a stable power supply. For each room, it is permissible to select separate temperature parameters controlled by the system's sensors.

System disadvantages:

Complex wiring diagram.
Inevitable balance of parts.
Expensive service.
High cost of components.

Each installation system requires a certain number of additional parts. The installation option on primary-secondary rings does not imply a large presence of fastening and connection elements, but instead of them, installation of pumps on heating rings will be required. The system consisting of rings, together with the floor boiler, is complemented by heating manifolds, which evenly distribute the supply of coolant to the heating elements.

I'll start with a small lyrical digression.

Heating systems with water as a heat carrier are divided into:

Open and closed;
With forced circulation and gravity.

What does this division mean?

open and closed

An open expansion tank is mounted at the top of the open circuit.

Open expansion tank.

It combines three functions:

Allows you to add water, compensating for its leakage and evaporation;
Accommodates excess water as it expands with heat;
Serves for removal of air jams.

The closed system does not communicate with the atmosphere and operates with excess pressure. Its main problem is that when heated, the coolant increases in volume and may well break pipes and heating appliances.

Rupture of a polypropylene pipe for heating.

The operation of the heating system with forced circulation is provided by a circulation pump - a low-power device with a screw or centrifugal impeller sitting on the motor shaft. It provides a sufficiently high flow rate in the pipes and, accordingly, fast and uniform heating of heating devices.

Circulation pump.

The Achilles' heel of forced circulation is the energy dependence of the pump. In conditions of short-term outages, an uninterruptible power supply can save the situation, but if there is a long absence of electricity, the heating will cease to perform its functions.

This shortcoming is devoid of a system with natural circulation, which is provided by the difference in density between cold and hot water.

The principle of its work is extremely simple:

The water heated in the heat exchanger of the heating boiler (usually solid fuel) is displaced through the accelerating manifold into the upper part of the circuit by colder coolant masses;
From there, it moves by gravity along the contour, gradually giving off heat through radiators;
The cooled water returns to the heat exchanger, and after it is heated, the cycle repeats.

The principle of operation of the gravitational system.

The theory has been completed. Let's move on to practice.

When building autonomous heating at home, it is important to properly think over and complete the piping of gas, solid fuel and electric boilers. let's consider possible schemes and strapping elements, let's talk about classic, emergency and specific circuits, as well as the main equipment of these circuits.

The basic principles for piping a boiler of any design are safety and efficiency, as well as the maximum resource of all elements of the heating system. Consider various options for organizing heating in order to make a balanced and most suitable decision for a particular case during individual construction.

The single pipe system is widely used in apartment buildings old building. The temperature of the water from radiator to radiator is constantly decreasing, which leads to an uneven supply of heat. individual rooms. In a two-pipe system, the coolant is distributed evenly over all radiators, having lost temperature, it enters the second pipe - the “return”. Thus, the two-pipe system provides the house with heat more evenly.

1. One-pipe wiring diagram. 2. Two-pipe wiring diagram

The simplest piping of a gas heating boiler, the diagram of which is presented below, will be valid for gas heat generators. which combine several devices in their case at once:

A gas burner that burns the supplied mains or liquefied natural gas.
The heat exchanger of a gas boiler, which is heated by a burner and transfers the heat of the burned gas to the heat carrier.
Safety group built into the boiler body.
An expansion tank built into the boiler body is an expansion tank.
The circulation pump of system of heating which is built in the copper case.

Almost all the piping in this case consists in connecting the supply pipeline and the return pipeline to the boiler.

When such a piping of a gas heating boiler is implemented, the circuit will work as soon as you hang the boiler on the wall and bring the pipes of the heating system to it. Of course, if you have a main gas supply or a gas tank installed.

If you have a double-circuit gas boiler installed. then bringing to its second circuit cold tap water, you will receive hot water for domestic hot water at the outlet.

The main goal of any heating system is to make the microclimate in the house favorable and comfortable. In order for the heat to be evenly distributed throughout the apartment, you need to correctly organize the connection diagram of the water heater. The piping scheme for a double-circuit gas boiler will help connect the equipment to the water supply system and distribution networks in accordance with the rules and regulations.

What is strapping, its tasks and types
Tying according to the scheme with natural circulation
Forced circulation heating system
Piping using a backup boiler

Introduction

The heating system, in addition to a solid fuel boiler, contains many more elements. Correctly connecting and configuring all the elements of this system is not an easy task. In this article, we will analyze various connection schemes, weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each of them, and analyze the various nuances and subtleties. I hope this article will help you safely and effectively tie a solid fuel boiler with your own hands.

Heating schemes

Introduction

The easiest way is to tie a solid fuel heating boiler - a scheme with natural circulation. It does not require a power supply. The circulation of water is carried out by means of the force of gravity. That is why it is also called gravity.

Photo 2: Gravity type piping scheme

The solid fuel boiler is located at the lowest point of the circuit, and the heating device (for example, a radiator) is located at the top. The boiler heats water, which rises through pipes to the radiator, where it gives off part of its heat to the room and at the same time cools. The cooled coolant goes down and the circle closes.

The more the temperatures in the forward and reverse lines differ, the higher the speed of water movement along the circuit. But unfortunately it is difficult to achieve a big difference, since the temperatures in the supply and return lines are limited. technical specifications solid fuel boiler "Don" 16. as well as safe conditions for its operation. Therefore, larger diameter pipes are used to ensure better circulation.

To protect against overheating, a special circuit is used, which ensures the circulation of the coolant and heat consumption in any case.

An expansion tank provides protection against overpressure. There are two types: open and membrane type. The disadvantage of using open tanks is that the water in it is enriched with oxygen, which in turn causes corrosion of the steel parts of the solid fuel boiler. That is why, most often, open tanks are used in conjunction with cast iron boilers and radiators.

Photo 3: Self-piping of a solid fuel boiler

To provide hot water, a heating tank is used. For safety reasons, it must be equipped with a thermostatic mixer at the hot water outlet. The function of the mixer is to bring the temperature of the water to the values that exclude burns. The requirements for the location of the heater are the same as for other heating devices - i.e. above the level of the solid fuel boiler.

The main advantages of such a scheme are the simplicity of its design and energy independence. The main disadvantage is that during a cold start, until all the water in the circuit is completely warmed up, the temperature in the return line will be below the allowable one. This negatively affects the service life, for example, of steel heating boilers for solid fuel "Siberia" KVO. Also, the disadvantages include poor handling and low energy efficiency.

The chance of overheating increases if the room heaters are set to low heat consumption.
In the absence of power supply, the circulation pump will no longer be able to perform its function, and therefore the movement of the coolant will stop. This can also lead to overheating.

For example, in order to reduce the risk of an emergency increase in temperature in the heating system, Trayan solid fuel pyrolysis heating boilers are equipped with external or built-in emergency heat exchangers.

The inclusion of storage tanks in the piping scheme allows you to accumulate excess heat and, if necessary, give it to the heating system. This solves several problems:

In case of low heat consumption, excess hot heat transfer fluid is stored for later use.
With low heat consumption, the solid fuel boiler still operates at rated power.
Allows you to use devices with higher power.

Competent installation and accuracy of power calculations will help create maximum comfort for living in country house in any season.

Automatic relief valve. In appearance, it may resemble a design similar to a valve or a small barrel with a nipple at the top. In order to find out if it is in the design of the device, you need to look at design features branch pipes for connection, it is usually located there.
Dirt trap. A special flask that allows you to remove unnecessary elements from the heating circuits that got there when the system was filled. It is installed in front of the entrance to the boiler. It needs to be cleaned periodically.
Coarse filter. Normal plumbing is used. It is usually mounted at the entrance of the main line to the equipment.

Heating boiler piping call the process of connecting equipment to hot water supply, as well as to distribution networks in accordance with operating standards.

Boiler is the main core of the heating circuit, its type affects choice of binding scheme. The basic rule for the installation of a floor-standing boiler is a strict prohibition of its placement in the upper part of the pipeline layout. If this rule is violated, then the boiler, for which the conditions for air removal are not created, will begin to air the system. The pipe that leaves the boiler without an air vent must be located only vertically. The branch pipes located at the bottom of the unit can be designed in such a way that an automatic air vent can be connected to them. Air vents are provided in the wall electrical and gas models and required to connect to heating network.

To calculate home heating systems, you can use the calculator for calculating heating, heat loss at home.

This feature must be taken into account when piping the boiler, for the reason that wall-mounted monoblock models are able to independently air the system.

Varieties of schemes, features of piping boilers.

One of essential elements boiler piping is membrane expansion tank, which allows you to protect the system from water hammer. It is designed in such a way that two cavities, which are separated by a membrane, control the pressure drops: one moves the coolant, the other is filled with air. For piping heating boilers, it is best to use polypropylene pipes or metal pipes. Boiler piping using polypropylene pipes has many advantages, the main of which is ease of installation and low cost. Also, plaque does not form on the walls, and due to simple tools, the installation processes of the strapping are easy to perform, in fact, as is the connection of pipes using polyvinyl chlorides.

Tying gas boilers with polypropylene performed by soldering, this method will completely eliminate leaks that may occur due to poorly installed fittings. The advantage in working with a polypropylene pipeline will be the possibility of forming any contour. You should also avoid a large number of connections using polypropylene pipes, just do not neglect the possibility of smooth transitions.

For gas supply to the boiler, the main condition will be hard connection. For these purposes, a metal pipe is used and connected to the unit by means of an "American" or a drive. Gaskets that are used to seal the joints of a gas boiler and a gas pipe can only be used from paronite, the use of tow, fum tape and rubber components is prohibited. A properly installed pipeline can last a long time and is able to withstand pressures in excess of 25 bar and a coolant of 95 degrees.

Boilers of this type do not have the option of regulating the heat supply. Fuel combustion occurs continuously, therefore, in the event of a power outage, the pump will turn off, which is responsible for the forced movement of the coolant. But, heating will continue, and the pressure will increase, as a result, this process will disable the entire system.

To prevent such situations, several types of emergency schemes are provided that allow you to dump excess heat:

Emergency supply of cold water;
Connecting the pump to batteries or a generator;
The presence of a gravitational circuit;
Additional emergency circuit.

It is worth paying attention to the principles of circulation of the coolant through the heating circuit. This principle is called gravitational, that is, the movement of liquids in the coolant occurs naturally, and the circuit will work on the principle of forced circulation. In a natural circulation system, movement in a closed system occurs under the influence of the laws of physics, such a process is due to the indicators of the difference in water density. This type of heating eliminates the consumption of electricity. Natural circulation system, does not have automatic adjustment features. A pattern with natural movement is best suited for a small area.

Advantages of a natural circulation system:

Easy to mount;
Independence from power supply;
Low cost;
Work reliability.

Forced circulation is able to provide the necessary pressure due to the operation of electric pumps. The forced circulation circuit is very convenient to operate, as it is automatically controlled under the condition of a stable power supply. When using a forced-type scheme, you will be able to select separate temperature parameters for each room, which will be controlled by the system's sensors.

This system also has its disadvantages:

The complexity of the binding scheme.
Mandatory balancing of parts.
Service costs are high.
Component parts are expensive.

If heating boiler installation will be made on primary-secondary rings, then the presence of a large number of fastening and connection elements is not required, but instead of them, installation of pumps on heating rings will be required. The system, which will consist of rings, together with the floor-standing boiler, will need to be supplemented with combs - heating collectors, to evenly distribute the coolant supply to the heating elements.

Single-circuit and double-circuit heating boiler.

It has a fairly simple principle of operation. During installation, it is connected to the chimney. For the normal functioning of the system, the presence of ordinary natural draft is sufficient.

Often installation of single-circuit boilers, which in their design have an open combustion chamber, which requires the creation of certain conditions in the room.

In the process of its operation, the boiler uses the air from the room. That is why it should be installed in a separate room. It should be noted that during the operation of a single-circuit boiler, substances and gases harmful to the human body accumulate, this is the main reason for the need to equip a room with a boiler with a chimney or exhaust hood. If all the above conditions are created, the risk of explosion will be eliminated, and the safe use of the equipment will also be ensured.

differs from a single-circuit analogue in its universal purpose: it maintains the degree mode of the coolant in the heating circuit, and heats water for domestic needs. Single-circuit generators can also indirectly heat water. The process of heat transfer is carried out during the passage of the coolant through the secondary heat exchanger.

The main difference between a double-circuit boiler and a single-circuit boiler is the direct release of thermal energy to water. Main Feature is that when hot water is consumed, the coolant is not subject to heating, moreover, the parallel operation of two circuits is excluded. Practice shows that the mode of operation of the boiler is not important for houses with high-quality thermal insulation, it follows that with thermal inertia, the heating scheme will be the same for any type of heating. An impressive volume of hot water can be obtained by combining a single-circuit design and heating columns.

Double-circuit boiler it is not worth designing in combination with a natural circulation system, since after the heating of the coolant stops, the movement of the liquid quickly stops. The process of secondary heating lasts quite a long time, and the heat in the radiator is distributed unevenly.

The main advantage of the scheme is the ability to work in natural circulation mode. In this case, the accelerating collector is a pipe through which the coolant moves to the top filling.

Schematic diagram of the piping of the heating boiler.

It is important to understand that the heating efficiency will directly depend on the accuracy of the connection. General scheme piping of heating boilers various types, including solid fuel and condensing types is quite simple, and looks like this:

Boiler;
Radiator;
Nuts "American" - for connecting the boiler to the heating system;
Ball valves - to disconnect the boiler from the system;
Filters for cleaning - will protect from non-standard fractions of water;
Thermal heads, tees, Mayevsky taps Corners and tees;
Valves: through passage, dividing, air and safety;
Expansion tanks;
Heat meter;
Manometer, thermometer, hydraulic separator, circulation pump;
Clamps and other fasteners.

Everyone knows that when heated, the density of water changes, and it expands. In this case, pressure begins to rise, which can lead to an explosion. If there is an expansion tank, the excess coolant goes into it.

The size of the tank also matters, it should be borne in mind that expansion tanks differ in purpose and color (a red tank is used for the heating system). When connecting the heating system, it is necessary to create in the tank the right pressure- factory settings usually do not correspond to the norm.

Safety valves, air vent and circulation pump.

Cannot be used with an open heating system. The main purpose of the valve is to protect the boiler from damage in the event of a sudden increase in pressure in the system. As a rule, the valve is forgotten or a model or safety group with different characteristics is installed. During the response of the valve, some of the water will naturally be discharged from the system, this provides pressure relief and protection.

It must be installed immediately after the installation of the boiler, this is necessary to avoid "airing the system". The ventilator must stand strictly vertically upwards. If the air vent starts to leak, a shut-off valve is installed in front of it, for ease of replacement with a new one.

It will work properly only when the axis is horizontal, and this position will significantly extend the "life" of the bearings. The pump mechanism must be protected from dirt and debris from outside.

Errors when piping heating boilers.

Attention: Incorrectly calculated boiler power will not be able to provide the proper level of heating. The power must exceed the heat transfer parameters according to the formula 1kV x10m 2, since in cold weather the heat is quickly vented through windows and doors. A large boiler will be able to heat the system faster and, of course, will consume more resources, but turn on less often. You should also not forget about the influx of fresh air into the room in which the boiler operates, this is necessary for the combustion process and especially for a small area.

Conclusion: Competent installation and accuracy of calculations of the heating boiler power will help create maximum comfort for living in a country house at any time of the year.

You have purchased a new heating unit, intending to independently install and connect it to the heating network of a private house. Installation and piping of the boiler is carried out different ways, depending on the energy carrier used, the type of piping and the availability of additional equipment:

buffer tank;
indirect heating boiler;
second heat generator.

To help you properly tie the boiler to the heating system with your own hands, we suggest considering the existing connection options, then choosing the appropriate scheme.

Options for piping gas heaters

Strict regulatory requirements are imposed on the installation and connection of gas boilers:

the ceiling height of the furnace room is not less than 2 m, the minimum volume is 8 m³ with equipment power up to 60 kW;
needed in the boiler room supply and exhaust ventilation(three-fold air exchange + additional inflow for combustion), a window is necessarily provided in the kitchen;
before fixing the wall model of the heat generator wooden structure must be protected with a sheet of metal;
the minimum width of the passage on the front side of the unit is 1 m, the side passage is 60 cm, the distance from the wall to the body is 3 cm;
the length of the horizontal connection to the main chimney is a maximum of 3 m, the diameter of the pipe is equal to or greater than the section of the heater outlet pipe.

Note. Compliance with these requirements is controlled by the gas supplier, which gives permission to connect the water heater to the main. When installing an autonomous fuel supply system, the mounted fuel supply system is put into operation by the relevant service.

There are no strict requirements for piping a gas boiler with a water heating system; the scheme must ensure the efficient and safe operation of the unit. Correct connection to radiators or warm floors(TP) in a private house, the controlling services do not check, the contractor is fully responsible.

Connecting a wall-mounted boiler

Tying a suspended model of a gas heat generator is much easier than a floor model. These units are ready-made boiler rooms in miniature, equipped with the necessary equipment:

circulation pump;
expansion tank;
a safety group consisting of a safety valve, a pressure gauge and an automatic float air vent;
double-circuit versions are equipped with an additional or combined bithermic heat exchanger that heats water for the needs of domestic hot water.

Wall-mounted mini-boiler room with closed camera combustion and forced pressurization from the fan

Reference. Single-circuit "walls" are often equipped with a special pipe for docking with the heating coil of the storage boiler. An electric three-way valve installed inside the housing switches between heating / DHW modes at the command of the controller receiving thermostat signals.

For normal operation and ease of maintenance of the wall-mounted heater, observe the following rules:

Typical piping of the wall-mounted version of the boiler with two circuits - heating and hot water

Communications to the heat generator can be carried out with any plastic pipes - soldered from polypropylene, assembled from metal-plastic or cross-linked polyethylene. Emergency overheating of these pipelines does not threaten. Above is a typical piping diagram for a gas double-circuit boiler with a radiator network, hot water supply and water supply.

Note. All suspended heaters - atmospheric, turbocharged, condensing - are designed to work with a closed type system. For a heat network with natural water circulation, you will need a floor-standing non-volatile boiler.

A single-circuit unit is tied in a similar way, but without plumbing. More information about the correct connection of the "wall" is described in the video.

IN country cottages a large area (over 200 m²) with 3-6 heating circuits, a hydraulic arrow is installed or a primary / secondary ring scheme is assembled, described at the end of this publication.

Docking with an indirect heating boiler

If the wall-mounted heat generator is equipped with a pipe for connecting the storage tank, then the piping is carried out according to the previous diagram, only 1 joint with a ball valve is added. Since the cheap versions of the boilers do not provide such a fitting (and a switching valve inside), use the diagram shown below in the drawing.

To connect a simple single-circuit heater to a stationary DHW boiler, purchase a three-way solenoid valve and a mechanical thermostat with an immersion sensor inserted inside the corresponding tank sleeve. How this connection works:

Heating priority is always on the boiler side. While the temperature sensor detects an insufficiently high temperature of the tank (manually adjusted), all the coolant is sent to the heating coil.
When the water reaches the required temperature, the contact sensor will notify the boiler controller, which will start the valve servo and switch the coolant flow to the batteries or floor heating circuits.
As water is drawn from the tank or natural cooling, the temperature of the water in the tank decreases. The thermoelement signals to the electronic unit of the boiler, the valve again transfers the coolant to the boiler.

If the unit does not have "brains" - the electronics unit, the drive is connected according to the TT-boiler method

Reference. The heat generator, correctly selected in terms of power, heats the DHW tank in 15-25 minutes. The burner is running at max.

Schemes for floor heat generator

The main difference between the strapping of a stationary boiler and a wall-mounted boiler is the addition auxiliary elements, which are absent in its design initially:

circulation pump - we put it on the supply or "return", there is no difference;
for trouble-free removal of the pump on the sides, we provide 2 taps;
we connect the expansion membrane tank to the return line, we also install cut-off valves on the supply line;
immediately at the outlet of the heater we mount a separate safety group without any taps.

The remaining parts of the strapping - taps, mud collectors - are used according to the scheme. We immediately decided to show the connection of a two-circuit floor unit, so as not to make several identical pictures.

The pump can be installed both on the supply and on the return pipeline

Comment. Exist floor standing boilers imported (for example, Protherm), equipped on the model of wall-mounted devices - an expansion tank, a pump, a safety valve and even a built-in boiler. Such heat generators are tied by analogy with suspended boilers and can only work in a closed system with an excess pressure of the coolant.

The simplest floor models with automation are not included in the house electrical network and are connected to a gravitational (gravity-flowing) water heating system in a similar way. What is the difference:

diameter of connected lines - 40 ... 50 mm (internal);
pipes are brought to the unit with a slope of 3-5 mm per 1 meter of length;
expansion tank used open type, installed at the highest point - on the supply riser;
the auxiliary pump is mounted on the bypass together with the sump and valves.

On the main highways, you will have to use large diameter valves - DN40 or DN50

It makes no sense to put a safety group in an open system - the excess pressure in the network is zero, the pressure gauge will not show anything, and the relief valve will never work. The air vent is also useless - the bubbles go into the atmosphere through the expansion tank during the filling process.

If it is necessary to tie the TP circuits and radiators to the mounted unit, the system is divided into 2 branches. The distribution manifold of underfloor heating is connected to one, and the radiator network to the second.

In a building with a small area, the TP circuits can operate without a mixing unit and an additional pump - the temperature in the loops is maintained by RTL thermal heads

How to tie solid fuel boilers

The connection scheme for a wood-burning heat generator is designed to solve 3 tasks (in addition to supplying batteries with coolant):

Prevention of overheating and boiling of the TT boiler.
Protection against cold "return", abundant condensate inside the firebox.
Work with maximum efficiency, that is, in the mode of full combustion and high heat transfer.

Note. For units with a cast iron heat exchanger, protection against temperature shock leading to section cracking is important. The phenomenon occurs in a closed system when, due to a blackout, the circulation of water stops. After power is supplied, the cooled coolant cools the cast iron sharply, resulting in cracks.

The presented piping scheme for a solid fuel boiler with a three-way mixing valve allows you to protect yourself from condensate in the furnace and bring the heat generator to the mode maximum efficiency. How it works:

While the system and the heater are not warmed up, the pump drives water through the small boiler circuit, since the three-way valve is closed on the side of the radiators.
When the coolant heats up to 55-60 degrees, the valve set to the specified temperature begins to mix water from the cold "return". Heating network country house gradually warms up.
When the maximum temperature is reached, the valve closes the bypass completely, all the water from the TT boiler goes into the system.
The pump installed on the return line pumps water through the jacket of the unit, preventing the latter from overheating and boiling. If you put the pump on the feed, the chamber with the impeller can fill with steam, the pumping will stop and the boiler is guaranteed to boil.

The principle of heating with a three-way valve is used for piping any solid fuel heat generators - pyrolysis, pellet, direct and long burning. The exception is gravity wiring, where the water moves too slowly and does not provoke condensation. The valve will create a high hydraulic resistance that prevents gravity flow.

If the manufacturer has equipped the solid fuel unit with a water circuit, the coil can be used for emergency cooling in case of overheating. Note: the fuse on the safety group operates on pressure, not temperature, therefore it is not always able to protect the boiler.

A proven solution - we connect the DHW coil to the water supply through a special thermal reset valve, as shown in the diagram. The element will work from the temperature sensor and at the right time will pass a large volume of cold water through the heat exchanger.

Using buffer capacity

The best way to increase the efficiency of a TT boiler is to connect it to the heating system through a buffer tank. At the inlet of the heat accumulator we assemble a proven circuit with a three-way mixer, at the outlet we put a second valve that maintains the required temperature in the batteries. The circulation in the heating network is provided by the second pump.

A balancing valve on the return line is needed to adjust the performance of the pumps

What do we gain with a heat accumulator:

the boiler burns at maximum and reaches the declared efficiency, the fuel is used efficiently;
the probability of overheating is sharply reduced, since the unit dumps excess heat into the buffer tank;
the heat accumulator plays the role of a hydraulic arrow, several heating branches can be connected to the tank, for example, radiators of the 1st and 2nd floors, floor heating circuits;
a fully heated tank keeps the system running for a long time when the firewood in the boiler burns out.

Note. Factory heat accumulators are often equipped with electric heaters - heating elements that maintain the temperature of the water in the upper zone of the tank. How to make a heater and tank piping, see the video:

TT boiler and storage water heater

In order to load the boiler with the help of a wood-burning heat generator - “indirect”, you need to insert the latter into the boiler circuit, as shown in the picture. Let us explain the functions of individual circuit elements:

check valves prevent the coolant from flowing in the other direction along the circuits;
the second pump (it is enough to take a low-power model 25/40) circulates through the spiral heat exchanger of the water heater;
the thermostat turns off this pump when the boiler reaches the set temperature;
an additional air vent prevents the supply line from being aired, which will be higher than the regular safety group.

In a similar way, you can dock the boiler with any boiler that is not equipped with an electronic control unit.

Electric and diesel heat generators

The connection of a diesel fuel boiler to the radiator system is identical to the piping of gas-using installations. Reason: the diesel unit operates on a similar principle - an electronically controlled burner heats the heat exchanger with a flame, maintaining the set temperature of the coolant.

Electric boilers, in which water is heated by heating elements, an induction core, or due to the electrolysis of salts, are also connected directly to heating. For maintaining the temperature and safety, the automation is located in the electrical cabinet, connected to the network according to the above wiring diagram. Other connection options are shown in a separate publication on heating boilers.

Wall-mounted mini-boilers equipped with tubular heaters are intended only for closed heating systems. To work with gravity wiring, you will need an electrode or induction unit, which is tied according to the standard scheme:

If you figure it out, then the bypass is not needed here - the boiler will not work without electricity either

Systems with two boilers

If it is necessary to organize the heating of the coolant in a closed circuit from two heat generators, use the principle of parallel connection. Let us explain the algorithm for the joint operation of two boilers - electric and solid fuel (the piping is shown in the figure):

The main source of heat is a TT-boiler, connected in a standard way through a three-way valve. So that the flows do not ring in the other direction, each branch is equipped with check valve.
When the firewood burns out, the air in the house begins to cool. The drop in temperature is fixed by the room thermostat and starts the electric boiler with a pump.
A decrease in the temperature in the flow line of the TT boiler to 50-55 ° C causes the contact thermostat to cut off the circulation pump of the solid fuel circuit.
After the next loading of firewood, the supply pipe heats up, the temperature sensor starts the pump and the heating priority returns to the solid fuel unit. The room thermostat no longer turns on the electric boiler because the air temperature does not drop.

At the outlet of the electric boiler, it is also necessary to put a safety group, it is conditionally not shown in the figure

An important point. The above piping option can be used for any pair of boilers. When installing a wall-mounted heater, a second pump is not installed.

Two heat generators, for example, gas and electric, are easily tied up through a heat accumulator. Both boilers can be switched on and off in various ways - by the temperature of the water in the tank, by time through a timer. Check valves are not needed here.

If it is necessary to connect 2-3 units of thermal power equipment with several heating circuits, it is better to assemble a scheme of primary / secondary rings. The principle is as follows: all heat sources and consumers with their pumps are connected to a common ring from a pipe of increased diameter Ø26 ... 40 mm (depending on the number of branches). The circulation inside the ring is provided by a separate pump.

The sequence of installation of equipment matters: the hottest coolant receives a water heater, followed by batteries, at the end - TP (along the flow of water)

In a system with natural movement of the coolant, two boilers are also combined in parallel. Here it is important to withstand pipe slopes of Ø40…50 mm, as well as to avoid sharp turns by using elbows at an angle of 45° or elbows with a large bending radius.

Water diverges in two parallel branches with boilers. But the unit that is turned on at the moment will make it move by gravity, the pump starts at the request of the owner

Advice. serial connection 2 units has the right to life, but it is better not to use such a harness. The water heated in the first boiler will pass through the cold heat exchanger of the second and will certainly lose some of the heat.

Conclusion

Describing the boiler piping options, we have listed simple methods available for self-assembly. But remember: the chosen scheme still needs to be tied to your specific conditions. Somewhere there is not enough space to accommodate the equipment or the pipes are mounted inconveniently, for someone the boiler is right next to the buffer tank. Therefore, before assembling, we recommend consulting with an intelligent plumber or design engineer.

The piping of a heating boiler means the calculation of the parameters of the heating system and the installation of all components - pipes, fittings, radiators, etc. An accurate piping scheme for the heating boiler allows you to achieve maximum heat transfer in the house, high coherence and efficiency of the entire system, and minimal energy consumption.

Components of the strapping

Which components and elements will be included in the set of components for the heating system depends on the type of heating system:

Heating with natural (gravitational) circulation of heated water (coolant) - among the people, such heating is called "physics";
Forced circulation - with the connection of a circulation asynchronous pump;
Mixed scheme.

In solving the scheme with natural water circulation, the set of piping elements will be as follows:

Heating boiler - after it, the heated coolant rushes up and moves through the pipes, returning to the boiler slightly cooled;
Heating piping - most often used for a "gravity" scheme metal pipes more than plastic pipes, diameter - up to 2 inches. The diameter is selected based on the need to minimize the resistance of the coolant for its unhindered circulation;
Expansion tank - installed at the highest point of the system, and by design it can be open or closed;
Heating appliances - radiators, batteries or registers;
Mayevsky crane - installed on a heating radiator to bleed air;
Fittings - welded or threaded turns, twins, tees made of cast iron, brass, bronze, copper or stainless steel, tees, drains and other types of connectors;

The advantage of the "physics" system: easy self-assembly, a simple scheme, the prevalence of parts and assemblies, the cheapness of the components.

Disadvantages: large dimensions of components, inertness, insufficiently fast heating of wiring and heating devices.

Piping for systems with different options for the circulation of the coolant

For a circuit with forced movement of the coolant, the following components must be stored:

Heating boiler of any type - wall or floor. The difference for these models of heating units is the presence of additional elements of fittings and protection when tying a wall-mounted boiler;
The pipes that should be tied around the heating boiler can be metal, metal-plastic or PVC;
Membrane expansion tank with a "pear" that allows you to keep the water pressure at the same level in all circuits;
Heating devices are the same as for the gravity circuit, but metal ones are considered more economical due to the smaller volume of water in the devices. Such radiators or batteries heat up faster, and the energy consumption for heating is less;
Mayevsky crane - mounted on all radiators. Can be installed as a backup automatic type Mayevsky crane at the boiler outlet - to vent air from all circuits when a certain volume is accumulated;
Fitting;
The pump for organizing the circulation of the coolant is most often already installed in the boiler. Additional pumps can be installed in the manifold circuit;
Hydraulic arrow. This node, operating in a beam wiring scheme, balances different contours. The arrow equalizes the pressure in the system, and ensures uninterrupted supply of coolant to each device;
The pressure gauge is designed to control the pressure in the system, and is built into the boiler or immediately after it - into the hot water supply pipe;
The coolant is supplied to the collector directly from the boiler, and it is intended for distributing heating circuits.

Advantages of a properly mounted forced system with a manifold and a hydraulic arrow:

Rapid heating of the coolant in all heating devices;
Economical energy consumption for heating;
The binding according to the forced option allows you to equip the warm floor in the premises due to its high efficiency.

Flaws:

The high cost of installation due to the large number of components and the availability of professional skills when handling complex devices;
The system depends on external energy sources.

The mixed piping of the heating boiler, the scheme of which is shown in the figure below, is implemented in two versions, but preferably from metal, not metal-plastic or PVC pipes. The circulation pump is built into the system parallel to the main piping. A shut-off valve is installed on the approach to the pump so that it can be bypassed if necessary, and another shut-off valve is installed on the bypass pipe - it must be closed when the pump is running. When organizing autonomous heat exchange, a check valve is installed instead of this valve.

Strapping scheme using PVC

PVC pipes (ecoplastic) when tying heating boilers are very popular due to their low cost and versatility of connection characteristics. With propylene pipes, you can make a piping scheme of any complexity, any geometry and with any angle of rotation. Connect pvc pipes with a special soldering iron and the same PVC fittings.

If the piping scheme allows, then it is desirable to use bends with smooth transitions, which exclude pressure drops in narrow places inside the pipes due to the solder seam. Polypropylene pipes can operate at temperatures up to 95 0 C, and their service life is more than 50 years without maintenance and repair.

How to choose the location of the boiler

The piping scheme of the heating unit operating with the gravitational circulation of the coolant is optimally suited for floor-standing execution. But at the same time, the heating boiler must be installed in the lowest position relative to all wiring, since air must not accumulate in the boiler chambers. The presence of air in the jacket is a guaranteed burnout of the chamber walls. The outlet pipe of the boiler must be mounted vertically so that the air bubbles that form rise upwards - into the expansion tank or to the bleed valve.

Important! IN compulsory system heating, this condition for the verticality of the outlet pipe is not always met, so the wall-mounted boiler can be installed both at the highest point of the system and at the lowest (for example, in the attic or basement).

When piping the boiler with an additional circuit for hot water supply (hot water supply), it is connected to the supply system drinking water. Heated water from the second circuit is used in everyday life. But a single-circuit boiler can also work as a source of hot water if a secondary heat exchanger is connected to it. Most often, an iron cylinder with a supply water pipe is equipped under it.

Strapping features

Solid fuel boilers have one feature - it cannot be turned off at any time, like an electric or gas heater.

Therefore, in such units, when installing the strapping, one of the protection systems must be installed, operating according to the following principles:

Protection using a heat carrier is based on the operation of a safety valve that opens if the circulation pump stops working. The valve is built into the heat exchanger, and a cold pipeline is connected to it. When the pump is turned off, the valve opens, and cold water, passing through the heat exchanger, takes heat onto itself. The water heated in this way enters the sewerage system, and this will continue until the fuel in the boiler burns out completely;
UPS (uninterruptible power supply) that runs on battery and powers the circulation pump. It is included in the UPS circuit when the external voltage is turned off;
A small natural circuit circulates the coolant in a small circle without a pump, which means without connecting electricity;
Auxiliary natural circuit, which is implemented on the basis of two fully functional heating circuits. In the event of an emergency, the heated coolant still enters the second circuit, heating the radiators and cooling down.

Safety devices

These are units and elements installed in the basic configuration of all boilers.

The boiler must have a built-in hot water discharge valve that operates autonomously and automatically. It looks like a valve with a nipple at the top;
A device for trapping debris that looks like a flask. The dirt trap is mounted at the water inlet to the boiler;
A coarse water filter is also located on the supply pipe.

Strapping installation

The boiler is installed first. If it is a solid fuel device, then it is installed on a concrete foundation. The chimney is brought to a height that provides constant draft. The gas boiler must have an outlet in the wall for a gas discharge pipe and air return;
The boiler is connected to the chimney by a pipe with two sleeves. Exhaust gases are discharged through the inner sleeve, air is supplied through the outer sleeve;
Ventilation in the form of a supply valve - its operation regulates the flow of air and the degree of combustion;
Distribution of heating pipes in rooms and premises;
Connection of automation and expansion tanks;
Installation of pump and temperature sensors;
Connection to the gas pipeline and electricity, if it is not a solid or liquid fuel boiler.

The installation of the strapping does not tolerate economy and neglect of safety. For each house, it is necessary to develop a project tied to the architecture of housing.

We plan to install a double-circuit gas boiler in the house. What are the schemes, how to choose? Does the fact that the gas boiler is turbocharged or chimney affect the scheme? What influences the choice of scheme?

The connection scheme for all types of double-circuit boilers is the same, since both the turbocharged and the chimney boiler have the same location of the nozzles for connecting the boiler to heating, water supply and gas systems.

Before starting the connection, it is imperative to mount a coarse filter. This will prevent debris from entering the boiler. A shut-off valve should be installed on the boiler return, which is necessary in order to eliminate the need for airing the coolant in the heating system. The valve must be mounted on a detachable connection so that it can be removed if necessary.

The choice of scheme is influenced by the number of storeys of the house and the amount of area that needs to be heated. The simplest scheme is a single-pipe or Leningradka used for a one-story house.

Here's what such a scheme looks like:

The numbers from 1 to 9 are Ball Valves installed in the system of cold (1) and hot (2) water supply, on the supply (3) and return (4) heating pipes, for draining the coolant (5 and 6), on the heat supply return (8 and 9). The rest of the numbers indicate the drive (10), the magnetic filter (11) and the gas filter (12).

A more complex scheme is a two-pipe one, when the boiler will heat either the coolant or hot water, but in no case not at the same time. It is used for two-storey houses With a large number rooms. From the boiler, heated water or coolant is directed to the supply pipeline, which should be located in the attic or to the heat supply risers, and a jumper and a control throttle are installed on each radiator. Through the lower pipeline, which serves to remove the coolant, it returns to the boiler.

The connection diagram also includes the installation of boiler piping, which may vary depending on the type of boiler and heating system. The binding is arranged with automatic circulation or natural.

What is the piping scheme for double-circuit boilers?

The connection diagram for all types of double-circuit boilers is the same, since both the turbocharged and the chimney boiler have the location of the nozzles for connecting the boiler to heating systems, water supply ...

Piping scheme for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler

Owners country houses during the construction process, a very important issue must be resolved, how the premises will be heated. As a rule, private houses do not have the ability to connect to central system heating, so you have to look for alternative options.

There are several ways to equip an autonomous heating system at home. The option with gas double-circuit boilers is popular. The blue fuel system has a number of advantages. It is reliable and affordable, as gas is not in short supply in our territories. With it, you can equip such a grid that it will be warm not only in small house but also a cottage.

Traditional piping scheme for a gas wall-mounted boiler

Most often, owners prefer double-circuit boilers. They are functional and reliable, allow you to provide the house not only with heat, but also hot water. There are many models of heating equipment on the market. The efficiency of the system depends not only on the device, but also on the quality of the installation work. Before proceeding with the installation, you need to familiarize yourself with the device device, as well as understand what is the piping scheme for a double-circuit gas boiler.

Double-circuit boiler device

wall double-circuit boilers very beneficial and convenient. Their main advantage is their compact size. You can install the equipment in almost any room, for example, in a bathroom or kitchen. Of course, experts recommend entrusting the installation of heating appliances to professionals, however, with a strong desire, this can be done independently, having previously familiarized yourself with the device, the principle of operation and the nuances of installing the boiler. And it is also necessary to find out what is the piping scheme for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler.

The wall-mounted boiler is something like a small boiler room. It consists of the following elements:

two heat exchangers. One is responsible for heating the coolant in the heating system, the second for hot water supply. As a rule, they work in sequence. To avoid the inconvenience that arises in this regard, you should buy appliances with a dual heat exchanger;

Wall-mounted gas boiler device

The piping scheme is determined by the type of heat exchanger.

Strapping schemes

So, five pipes adjoin a double-circuit gas boiler. Fuel is transported along one, water circulates along the rest. If everything is clear with the gas outlet, then you will have to tinker with the water channels.

one pipe is designed to connect the branch pipe of the main coolant with the return circuit of the heating system;
the second channel connects the same coolant from a different angle with the supply circuit pipe;
the third channel is used to connect the branch pipe of the additional coolant with the water pipe;
and the fourth pipe connects the channel supplying hot water to the tap with the second coolant.

Piping schemes for various gas boilers

The wiring diagram for piping a gas double-circuit wall-mounted boiler determines its principle of operation. In this case, it turns out as follows.

First, water is distributed from the main heat exchanger.
Further, through a three-way valve, the heating circuit is closed, and the coolant begins to flow into an additional heat exchanger. Hot water is being heated, heating is still in standby mode.
When the hot water tap closes, the system immediately switches to heating the coolant that circulates through the heating pipes.

Note! This scheme is not without drawbacks. For a family consisting of two or three members, such a boiler will be quite enough. If the family is large, this type of heating system will not be able to serve the house efficiently. During operation, troubles will arise.

with boiler

If a boiler is still connected to the system, then the scheme will differ slightly from the general one. The number of pipes does not change. In this case, the heating circuit of the boiler is looped with an additional heat exchanger. The water pipe is connected directly to the boiler itself, without contact with the heat exchanger. From the boiler, hot water is transported to the faucet. There is hot water, while the heating system did not stop functioning.

This scheme has undeniable advantages, among which are the following:

clogging of the heat exchanger with sediment that remains after heating water from the water supply is prevented;
when using hot water, the heating system does not turn off.

Boiler piping scheme with a boiler

But the question may arise, why install an additional boiler if the boiler is double-circuit and is obliged to provide the house with hot water. This may seem disadvantageous. However, there are cases when such a solution cannot be dispensed with, for example, if the boiler is already installed, it copes well with heating the house, but there is not enough hot water for the family.

With electric boiler

Slightly different from above correct scheme piping of a double-circuit gas boiler, which functions together with an electric heater. The main branch pipe of the additional heat exchanger is connected to the water supply, the second branch pipe - to the heating device. Mixers with an electric boiler are connected by means of pipes.

This scheme is quite advantageous in a number of cases. There is always hot water in the boiler, the temperature is maintained by a special heater. If you buy a device of sufficient volume, you will never face the problem of lack of hot water. You can save on both fuel and electricity, since the water in the heater will already be warm. And there will be no interruptions in the operation of the heating system.

Important Points

There are several ways to organize heating and hot water supply systems. Gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler is one of the the best options improve the comfort of living in a country house. In order to avoid unforeseen situations during operation, you should take care of high-quality installation. When buying a device, pay attention to its power, whether it is enough to ensure the comfort of the family.

Note! Not only water, but also antifreeze can act as a coolant. If one type was used first, and then the second one is planned to be injected, the pipeline should be thoroughly flushed beforehand. When antifreeze is combined with water molecules, an explosion can occur.

If a high-quality double-circuit gas boiler is chosen for the organization of the heating system at home, and the installation work, you will not have to deal with such troubles as malfunctions of the heating system, leaks and leaks, lack of hot water or insufficient heat in the premises. To prevent problems, entrust the installation of heating equipment to professionals, because it is not as easy as it might seem at first glance.

Piping scheme for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler: installation

What can be the piping scheme for a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler? Advantages of circuits with boilers or electric heaters. What do you need

Correct piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler - device, diagram, connection

Proper, competent, high-quality organization of home heating contributes to the uniform distribution of heat throughout the living area. Tying a gas wall-mounted boiler with two circuits is a process during which equipment is connected to hot water supply. Correctly executed piping fully ensures the supply of heat to the radiators and the high-quality operation of the boiler.

Proper piping will have a much better effect on the operation of the boiler than buying expensive equipment.

Why is the boiler piping carried out

The device of a double-circuit gas wall-mounted boiler requires mandatory piping.

Tying a gas wall-mounted boiler is carried out in order to increase the life of the system, as well as to ensure that the equipment does not overheat.

Thanks to the strapping, the room quickly warms up to comfortable temperature, which is maintained for the required time. The most relevant piping for solid fuel gas boilers. Timely piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit solid fuel gas boiler can completely replace expensive gas heating.

Tying a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler is a cost savings and a way to efficiently distribute heat energy.

Classic strapping patterns

The device of a double-circuit wall-mounted gas boiler necessarily involves its piping, which is a guarantee of long-term use of the heating system.

In order to avoid sudden temperature fluctuations, special attention must be paid to the regulation of the inlet and outlet temperatures.

At the very beginning, circulation is carried out along a small circuit until a certain temperature is reached.

When the desired temperature is reached, circulation is carried out along a large circuit. It would be correct to create several circuits in order to ensure high-quality temperature control.

Circulation pump.
Distribution valve.
The tank is expansion.
Filters.
Clamps, fasteners and other elements.

Tying a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler can be done in several ways.

There are the following ways to connect to the energy system: DHW system, heating system and underfloor heating system.

The piping of a wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler can be carried out in a direct and mixing scheme.

Emergency strapping scheme

The device of a wall-mounted gas boiler provides for an emergency boiler piping scheme. The emergency circuit ensures the full functioning of the heating system in emergency situations.

There are such types of emergency strapping schemes:

The source of water supply to the heating system is a water pipe. A double-circuit wall-mounted gas heating boiler for such cases must have a hydraulic accumulator.
Gravity circulation for the boiler. After turning off the pump, a special circuit is turned on small size, whose work is aimed at removing excess heat inside the heating system.
UPS powered. In order for the uninterruptible power supply to work at the right time, you must always monitor the charging of the batteries.
Heating gas double-circuit wall-mounted boiler for emergencies provides for the presence of a special circuit - emergency. The emergency circuit is a part of the heating system that forces the forced and gravity circuits to work simultaneously.

Before connecting the wall-mounted gas boiler and for right choice strapping schemes, it is necessary to study and take into account many factors, evaluate the material possibilities and design of the heating system in the building.

The heating gas double-circuit wall-mounted boiler provides for more complex scheme strapping than a boiler with a single circuit, but such a system is much more efficient and practical.

Connecting a gas wall-mounted double-circuit boiler is a complex step-by-step process that requires technical skills and knowledge. But if you prepare for this process, then it is quite possible to connect a gas boiler and organize the piping of the boiler yourself. Which scheme is better to choose depends only on the design of the heating system and on personal wishes.

One of optimal schemes a strapping with natural circulation is considered, since it is not difficult to do it yourself.

Heating boiler piping schemes for various types of circulation and circuits

When building autonomous heating at home, it is important to correctly think over and complete the piping of gas, solid fuel and electric boilers. Let's look at possible circuits and strapping elements, talk about classic, emergency and specific circuits, as well as the main equipment of these circuits.

Connecting the boiler to power sources

If the boiler runs on gas fuel, then it is necessary to organize a gas supply to it. With main gas supply, this must be done by a gas service worker. If the heating is from cylinders, you need to conclude a lease agreement with Gaztekhnadzor, and entrust the installation to a company that has permission to this species works. All work related to gas is potentially dangerous and this is not the time to save money and do the work yourself.

1. Heating supply. 2. Domestic hot water. 3. Gas. 4. Cold water to the DHW circuit. 5. Heating return

When using bottled gas, a reducer is required to unite a group of cylinders

The electric boiler must be connected to the network. The boiler and the terminal box must be grounded, all connections are made with copper wiring with a cross section not less than that specified in the technical data sheet for the equipment.

The solid fuel boiler is always autonomous and requires only the connection of heating and hot water pipes. Connections to electrical circuits only automatic control units require power if they are enabled.

Single and double circuit boilers

Single-circuit boilers are designed primarily for heating. Only one circuit passes through them, including automation, piping and radiators. An indirect heating boiler can also be included in the circuit to supply hot water to the mixers for washstands, showers and baths. The power of the boiler is selected with an appropriate power margin. The feasibility of such a connection in most cases is somewhat doubtful, since it violates the stability of the heating system by sudden heat extraction. The problem can be solved by equipping the circuit with a complex control system, which in some models may come with the boiler.

Single-circuit boiler with indirect heating boiler: 1. Boiler. 2. Boiler piping. 3. Radiator. 4. Indirect heating boiler. 5. Entering cold water

In a double-circuit boiler, hot water supply, along with heating, is included in the functions of the boiler and constitutes one of its two circulation circuits. A more stable operation of both systems is carried out when the boilers are equipped with two separate heat exchangers for two circuits. Feature of the system: no hot water storage tank.

Connection of a double-circuit boiler: 1. Boiler. 2. Tying the heating boiler. 3. Heating circuit. 4. Entering cold water

Boiler piping scheme for natural circulation

Natural circulation is based on the laws of physics - thermal expansion of the coolant and gravity, so the boiler piping does not include pressure equipment.

In order for the water in the circuit to make continuous movement, several rules must be observed.

The boiler should be located at the lowest point of the house, preferably in the basement or in a specially equipped pit.

The pipeline from the top point to the heating radiators, and from them to the "return" must be made with a slope of at least 0.5 ° to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the system.

Heating with natural circulation. H - the difference in the levels of the supply and return lines, determines the pressure in the heating circuit

The diameter of the heating distribution pipes must provide a water velocity of at least 0.1 m / s and not more than 0.25 m / s. Such values must be taken in advance and checked by calculation, based on the temperature difference at the inlet and outlet (gradient) and the difference in height along the axes of the boiler and radiators (at least 0.5 m).

The gravitational circuits of the boiler can be of open and closed types. In the first case, an open-type expansion tank is installed at the highest point of the system (in the attic or roof), it also acts as an air vent.

The closed system is equipped with a membrane tank located on the same level as the boiler. Since the closed system does not have direct contact with the atmosphere, it must be equipped with a safety group (pressure gauge, safety valve and air vent). The group is located in such a way that the air valve is at the highest point of the circuit.

Natural circulation systems are independent of the power supply and are most common where the power grid is unavailable or unreliable.

Boiler piping scheme for forced circulation

The stimulator of the movement of water in the circuit with forced circulation is the circulation pump. Schemes can also be open (with an open-type expansion tank) and closed (with a membrane tank and a safety group).

The circulation pump, as a rule, is installed in a place where the water temperature has the lowest value - at its inlet to the boiler, and mounted on the same site. The choice of the pump is made on the basis of the heating calculation, showing the required flow rate of the coolant, and the characteristics of the boiler. The regulation of the heat carrier flow is carried out on the basis of the return water temperature by an impulse from a sensor installed at the inlet to the boiler.

1. Boiler. 2. Security group. 3. Expansion tank. 4. Circulation pump. 5. Heating radiators

One- and two-pipe wiring of the heating system

The single-pipe system is widespread in old apartment buildings. The water temperature from radiator to radiator is constantly decreasing, which leads to an uneven supply of heat to individual rooms. In a two-pipe system, the coolant is distributed evenly over all radiators, having lost temperature, it enters the second pipe - the “return”. Thus, the two-pipe system provides the house with heat more evenly.

1. One-pipe wiring diagram. 2. Two-pipe wiring diagram

Collector wiring diagram of the heating system

With a large number of heating radiators located on different floors, or when connecting a "warm floor", best scheme wiring is collector. At least two collectors are installed in the boiler circuit: on the water supply - distributing, and on the "return" - collecting. The collector is a piece of pipe into which bends with valves cut in order to be able to regulate individual groups.

Collector group

An example of connecting a heating circuit and a "warm floor" system using a collector group

Collector wiring is also called beam, since pipes can diverge in beams in different directions throughout the house. Such a scheme in modern houses one of the most common and considered practical.

primary-secondary rings

For boilers with a capacity of 50 kW or more or a group of boilers that are designed for heating and hot water supply of large houses, a scheme of primary-secondary rings is used. The primary ring consists of boilers - heat generators, secondary rings - heat consumers. Moreover, consumers can be installed on the direct branch and be high-temperature, or on the reverse - and be called low-temperature.

In order to avoid hydraulic distortions in the system and to separate the circuits, a hydraulic separator (arrow) is installed between the primary and secondary circulation rings. It also protects the boiler heat exchanger from water hammer.

If the house is large, then after the separator they arrange a collector (comb). For the system to work, you need to calculate the diameter of the arrow. The choice of diameter is based on the maximum productivity (flow) of water and flow rate (not higher than 0.2 m / s) or as a derivative of the boiler power, taking into account the temperature gradient (recommended value Δt - 10 ° C).

Formulas for calculations:

G- maximum flow, m 3 /h;
w is the water velocity through cross section arrows, m/s.

P - boiler power, kW;
w is the water velocity through the arrow cross section, m/s;
Δt is the temperature gradient, °C.

Emergency circuits

In forced circulation systems, the pumps depend on the power supply, which can be cut off. To prevent overheating of the boiler, which can disable the equipment or even lead to depressurization, the boilers are equipped with emergency systems.

First option. Uninterruptible power supply or generator that will power the circulation pumps. In terms of efficiency, this method is one of the most optimal.

Second option. A small reserve ring is being set up, operating on the gravitational principle. When the circulation pump is turned off, a circuit with natural circulation is included in the system, ensuring the heat transfer of the coolant. An additional circuit cannot provide full heating.

Third option. During construction, two full-fledged circuits are laid, one works according to the gravitational principle, the second with the help of pumps. The systems must be able to exchange heat and mass for the emergency period.

Fourth way. If the water supply is centralized, then when the pumps are turned off, cold water is supplied to the heating circuits through a special pipe with a shut-off valve (a jumper between the water supply and heating systems).

Heating boiler piping schemes for various types circulation and circuits

When building autonomous heating at home, it is important to correctly think over and complete the piping of gas, solid fuel and electric boilers. Let's look at possible schemes and strapping elements, let's talk about