Subject: Dangerous situations in the home.

Target: tell students about possible dangerous situations in the house (apartment) and measures to prevent them.

Conduct form: combined lesson.

Materials: chalk, blackboard, textbook, posters, cards, collections of tests and instructions.

Maintenance of swimming pools, lakes, ponds and even on the beach. Never leave your child near the pool, even if it is suitable for her. Never leave a child alone in the pool under any circumstances. Many drownings of children under the age of 4 are due to adults leaving "for a minute", answering the phone, collecting snacks, etc. remember to play in the water Wear headbands or life jackets for children who cannot swim, even when playing around the pool. If they slip off and fall into the water, they will be more protected. . If you have a swimming pool at home, put a fence or a safety screen on it so that your child cannot access the water.

Homework with explanation - 2 min.

Fixing the material - 5 min.

Review of the past - 8 min.

Lesson summary - 2 min.

During the classes.

Greeting students, checking their readiness for the lesson (availability of the necessary supplies), reporting the topic, purpose and plan of work in the lesson. Children write the date and topic of the lesson in a notebook.

Do not leave pots and pans under fire with anyone in the kitchen, and be especially careful with hot liquids such as soup or boiling water as burns from hot liquids are common in children. Do not leave stove tops on when you have finished cooking. Turn the frying cables towards the inside of the oven so that children do not try to catch them. It is good to keep matches children are not afraid of fire, and some games can cause fires. Toasters, kettles, thermos bottles and other equipment should be kept out of the reach of children. Attention when using a pressure cooker. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions. Be careful when using gas in the stove. Light up the match before opening the gas. If your oven has an electric igniter, turn on the gas at least once and then start the igniter. When lighting the oven, place it on its side, not in front of the stove. Use only natural fabrics, aprons and fabrics. Avoid using synthetic fabrics and plastic aprons when cooking. When using microwaves, do not cover food with metallic papers or place silver or gold-plated dishes in them. Caring for cleaning products and other toxic products. In the kitchen, dispenser, or any other room in the home or garden, keep these products out of the reach of children and animals. There are castles and protective devices, which prevent cabinets and drawers from opening from the kitchen or other places. They are toxic products, often even flammable, and their ingestion or inhalation can have serious or even fatal consequences. Never put detergents, bleaches, insecticides or pesticides into already used plastic water bottles because children can swallow the water product causing a serious accident. electricity and sockets. If possible, all outlets should be grounded. Install appropriate protective devices in all electrical sockets in the home to avoid electric shock. Always be vigilant, as the socket has a particular appeal to babies who are in the crawling phase or even slightly grown up, seeming to be the perfect places to try to insert fingers and a wide variety of objects.

• Do not leave children alone in the kitchen.
• Store knives and sharp objects in hard-to-reach places.
• You can remove the handles from the hob when not in use.

Care for sharp or sharp objects.

To the house: § 6, ind. ass (describe possible dangerous situations at home).

I call one student to the board (tell § 5), I give the rest cards.

Card number 1.

What services do these phone numbers belong to?

01 - rescue service

02 - police

03 - ambulance

04 - gas service

What is the name of the emergency alert? "______________________!"

Children, scissors, screwdrivers and other perforating objects should never be allowed to play. Keep these items indoors and out of the reach of the child. . Ironing board and iron maintenance. Never leave the iron when the cord unfolds and is within reach of children. In addition to the heat, it is dangerous due to its weight and connection to electricity. Get medical help if your child swallows a non-food item. Write down your pediatrician's numbers, hospital numbers, toxin centers, and other help centers in a prominent place; Read packaging labels carefully before using any product. Teach children not to accept drinks, foods, sweets offered to them by adults they don't know.

• Avoid using ironing boards that can be demolished.
• If you have them, pack them up or keep them out of the reach of children.
• Do not carry weapons with you.
• Never leave your ammo by the gun.
• Keep them in a safe place out of the reach of children.
• Never leave alcohol out of the reach of children.
• Do not allow children under the age of 10 to ride the elevator alone.

Care for potential falls.

Decipher: OBZH - basics of life safety, emergency - emergency, GO - civil defense, PSS - search and rescue service, ZhEK - housing maintenance office.

I tell the children that dangerous situations can also await us in our own home, so the well-known saying “My house is my fortress” does not always work, because even at home we cannot feel completely safe. I list the most common dangerous situations in the home, then, in the course of a conversation with children, we find out the reasons for their occurrence, noting which of them are caused by man-made factors, which are natural, and which are social. We consider some of these situations and the rules of behavior when they occur.

Never leave your baby or toddler alone on a bed, nightstand or nightstand where he or she changes diapers and clothes. Prepare the clothes you will be wearing in advance and receive them - Handy at the time you dress your baby. Use bed rails as they do not allow the child or child to fall out of bed. Grills are usually height adjustable to make it easier for your child to get in and out of bed. Be sure to make sure the grille is well placed after you put your baby to bed. Be careful when your baby starts to show sitting, crawling or standing movements, it's time to adjust the grid, if any, to your new possibilities; Make sure the tray is secure and the mattress is adequate. Do not leave toys inside a baby's crib or bed. Check the water temperature with a thermometer or your elbow so you don't burn your baby if the water is too hot. Toys must be large enough not to be swallowed and strong enough not to break or break. Check labels and labels on toys to see what materials they are made from, for example avoiding the risk of allergies. Buy toys that are appropriate for your child's age and make sure the ones on offer are also suitable. Plastic bags, loose phone cords, pillows and cushions can cause you to suffocate or suffocate. Do not allow children to play with objects Do not drink hot liquids with a child on your lap.

• Diapers, cleaning wipes and necessary creams are always at hand.
• Make sure there is enough space between the crib bars.
• Never leave your child in the bath, no matter the circumstances.
• Even in shallow water it is dangerous.
• It only takes a few seconds to drown.
• Use rugs or non-slip bath mats.
• Toys must not have edges or be sharp.
• Do not let children chew gum or eat candy.
• Do not place strings around baby's neck to hold pacifiers.
• Avoid contact with hot liquids.

What are the most risk or causes of domestic accidents involving the elderly?

Elevator (I read the instructions).

Our smaller brothers (dogs: actions in case of a possible attack, bite, disease transmission; Domestic bird, blood-sucking insects, rodents).

If the door slammed (procedure).

Questions for consolidation:

What dangerous situations can occur in your home?

What are their reasons?

Poor vision and hearing Bone and muscle weakness Locomotion or osteoarticular and tremor problems Environmental factors Poor lighting No handrails or safety bars, especially in the bath Unstable furniture Slippery shoes Inappropriate shoes. About 75 percent of adult accidents happen in their own homes. Accidents to the elderly also occur in collective living quarters, in the environment, or by slipping on the street.

Here are some tips for seniors to prevent accidents. Be careful not to make mistakes in the dosage of the medicines you are taking. Avoid wearing leather soles and metal protectors. Shoes should have wide heels, reinforced heels, and straps or laces to prevent foot movement inside the shoe. Avoid wearing slippers. Do not wear nightgowns or long robes. Arrange the furniture in your home wisely. Leave space to be able to walk from side to side without bumping into obstacles. Do not walk on slippery sidewalks; Carpets should cover the entire floor from wall to wall or have a non-slip backing. Furniture should not have wheels, and the bed and chairs should not be too low or too high. Attach clamshell bars to tub, shower and toilet. Use non-slip rubber mats in the shower and bath. It is convenient to illuminate the whole house - bedroom, hallway, living room, kitchen and bathroom. The stairs should have good lighting, safe handrails and non-slip steps. Use the view you have in the best conditions. If you need glasses, use them. Do not place small mats on the floor. Do not leave drawers open. Do not leave electrical or telephone wires on the floor. Attach them to the walls. Keep all electrical appliances in good working order and securely from splashing water. Never use them when you are moving in the water. Heating should be well ventilated and fireplaces should use protective screens. Lawn, garden, patio, driveways and driveways must be free of any holes, cracks or other irregularities Try not to be alone. Do not isolate yourself, as this may delay the arrival of foreign aid in the event of an accident. Be alert for unexpected movements of animals, children and bicycles. Take a flashlight with you and use it so you can see and see in the dark. Don't be ashamed to ask for help to cross the street. Use a cane if your doctor agrees. If possible, ring the doorbell.

• Practice regular exercise to improve your fitness.
• Eat a balanced diet.
• Don't drink too much alcohol.
• Wear suitable shoes with non-slip soles.

Especially for you and your family?

How should one behave in a given situation?

What contagious diseases can be transmitted to humans from animals, insects and birds?

What should you do if the door to the apartment slammed shut?

Test on page 31.

Task number 3 on page 31.

Review questions:

What is the name of an unfavorable environment in which there is a threat to the life and health of a person, his property or habitat?

However, in order to enjoy this oasis with family and friends, you must also take care of yourself. So what, besides a beach vacation, is home security also planning? After all, protecting your home will make all the difference! Only then will everyone travel peacefully to leave the family safe. Once that's done, just enjoy the wonders of the coast, no nasty surprises.

Invest in home insurance

To help you enjoy your holiday in peace, we have listed 7 home safety tips. Look into the possibility of insurance against theft and other damage such as fire and flood. These workstations will keep your home functional and looking good for longer. The advantage of this position is usually beneficial. After all, it is worth protecting your residence, which tends to appreciate more and more.

What is the name of the most complex dangerous situations that require a person to protect his life and health by exerting all his physical and spiritual forces?

What is the difference between a dangerous situation and an emergency? Give an example.

What is the name of large-scale dangerous and extreme situations involving a large number of people and threatening severe consequences for society?

Which of the following hazards are man-made, which are social and which are natural: racial conflict,factory accident, earthquake, epidemic, bully attack, car accident, flood?

Continue the saying:

a) In still water, pools ... (deep)

b) Where it is thin, there is ... (tearing)

c) Fear the goat in front, the horse behind, and the evil man ... (from all sides)

d) Do not tease the dog, so do not ... (bite)

e) Trouble does not come ... (one)

f) Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into ... (water)

g) There is courage, we need and ... (skill)

Vertically. 10. The state of human protection from adverse factors. 11. A rodent is a carrier of infectious diseases. 12. Service that comes to the rescue in criminogenic situations. 13. Food. 14. Electricity. 15. Dangerous place to stay.

do the crossword:

9) Fizminutka. Role play (task no. 4 on page 20).

Independent work: No. 4 on page 31.

I can offer the following poem, which contains the words and phrases indicated in the task:

Fifth grader doing homework

burned lamp on the table.

Walked along the wires currents ,

Smart thoughts in my head.

The room suddenly became stuffy.

He put chair on the table .

The window should be opened

But suddenly the chair came off the table ...

Pupil on the floor fell .

get up he already couldn't ,

Since his hand broke

And fell ill for a while.

And when woke up already ,

I saw the doctor in front of me.

Read, dove, life safety fundamentals -

The surgeon told him.

At the end of the lesson, we sum up the results of the work (what we did, what we did not have time to do, what we learned new things, who worked how). Students receive grades for the lesson. If there is time, you can read a number of memos and instructions from the collection.

In our house, apartment, we feel protected from the dangers of the city, here is our fortress. But we never think that even at home we face no lesser dangers. Our inattention, distraction, neglect of safety, negligence of builders, electricians - any of these factors can be fatal.

When you leave home with electrical appliances on, you run the risk of starting a fire; flooding can occur due to unchecked water taps (Fig. 1); opening the door to a stranger, you risk being robbed.

Rice. 1. Leaking faucet ()

Most often, according to rescue services, the following dangerous situations occur:

Fire (faulty wiring and electrical engineering, careless handling of fire);

Gas explosion (gas leak, stove not turned off) (Fig. 2);

Rice. 2. Consequences of a domestic gas explosion ()

How gas was discovered

Almost everyone has a gas stove or other in their homes. gas equipment. You also know the peculiar smell of the gas. Did you know that the gas itself is a colorless and odorless substance, and the smell you know belongs to a substance that is specially added to the gas so that it can be detected in the event of a leak.

There is even a legend that gas was first discovered in one of the dungeons of a rich nobleman, whose castle was built on a hill. When building, everything was in order, but when the dungeons were ready and the servant went down to the dungeon with a lit lamp, an explosion occurred. At first, no one understood what happened, but then they guessed that misfortunes occur in the same room (Fig. 3).

Rice. 3. Dungeon()

Then it was concluded that the room was filled with gas. To notice its leaks, rotten eggs were placed in the room.

It is difficult to judge the authenticity of events; most likely, this is a legend.

Now the smell of rotten eggs has been replaced by another strong-smelling substance, and we can smell the gas leak. Do not leave the stove and gas equipment unattended: trouble can happen.

Poisoning (gas or chemicals);

Defeat electric shock(violation of safety rules when using electrical appliances and electrical equipment);

Destruction of building structures (as a result of an earthquake or explosion);

Slamming the door (forgotten houses or lost keys);

Fraud and theft (carelessness of adults and children);

Household injuries.

Carbon monoxide

You may have repeatedly heard in the media about the poisoning carbon monoxide. Let's see what it is.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most common poisonous gases in nature, polluting the environment in today's energy-intensive world.

Since CO is odorless, colorless, tasteless and freely distributed, it is called the "silent killer".

Most victims of carbon monoxide complain of dizziness, headache, suffocation, in extreme situations, a person may lose consciousness or fall into a coma.

Rice. 4. You always need to monitor the operation of the gas column ()

You can avoid carbon monoxide poisoning if you monitor the gas stove (Fig. 4), do not smoke in bed, do not work indoors with the car engine running, and do not leave the lit stove unattended overnight.

These rules will help you avoid carbon monoxide poisoning and its consequences.

We have listed almost all the main types of hazards in the home and their causes. Let's remember one of the basic rules of life safety:

Most dangerous situations have a hidden cause, which is the result of our inattention or ignorance.

Many of you live in high-rise buildings. For convenience, high-rise buildings are equipped with elevators. Unfortunately, ignorance of the rules for using elevators and pampering often lead to injuries, and sometimes to tragic consequences.

Of course, everyone who has elevators in the house has read the rules for using them, but they can suffer because of their neglect. This happened to a 13-year-old resident of the capital, who decided not only to ride the passenger elevator cabin, but also jump from it to the cargo cabin. The teenager got stuck between them, and then one of the elevators went. The consequences were tragic.

Rice. 5. It happens that the elevator breaks down ()

Getting used to convenience, we usually get completely lost when the elevator breaks down (Fig. 5). However, the elevator is like a clockwork that can break unexpectedly.

If the elevator stops, don't be alarmed.

Remember: the elevator will never fall. All elevators are equipped with special catchers. They automatically brake the elevator as soon as it starts to move faster than the set speed.

Now a few basic rules for using the elevator.

In all houses on the wall of the first floor there is an instruction - do not be lazy, read what is written there. Instructions are remembered quickly and pop up in memory at the right time. In many cities, old elevators still continue to operate, the doors of which are closed only with the help of a passenger (Fig. 6). Before entering the elevator, make sure that the cabin is in front of you. To not get stuck before you press the button desired floor, make sure you close the doors tightly.

Rice. 6. In some houses, elevators of the old design have been preserved ()

And now attention: the most common mistake that passengers make is an attempt to get out of a suddenly stopped elevator. First, do not panic and immediately call the dispatcher. Knock and call for help by pressing the Call Dispatcher button and wait for help. Adults will definitely notice the breakdown and come to your aid. Do not try to open the door and jump, even if you consider yourself strong and agile. Many cases are known when such attempts ended in a fall into the mine (Fig. 8).

If you are in an elevator with a stranger

For starters, simply do not enter there with a stranger (Fig. 7). And do not be shy: no one has the right to impose their society on you. If this still happens, press the button not on your floor, but on the nearest one. In case the buttons of this elevator design “stick”, you can press several of them so that there are more stops.

Rice. 7. Do not sit in an elevator with a stranger ()

Another one little trick: if you feel something is wrong (not yet a clear threat) while driving, turn your back to the board with buttons and press "call dispatcher" or "stop" as if by accident: an unexpected telephone connection will remind the intruder that you are not alone, but stop - that the elevator can obey not only him. I must say that in general, any surprise, the feeling that the plan is being violated, can stop a potential criminal, as well as a sharp, noisy and aggressive rebuff from a potential victim.

Rice. 8. Do not leave the elevator yourself ()

The only exception when the elevator should be left as soon as possible is a house fire or other emergency.

It is strictly forbidden to play (jump) in elevators, and even more so in mines, to ride on the roof.

Only specialists can be in the elevator shaft, and even they must take all precautions.

Never enter an elevator with unfamiliar adults!

By following these simple rules, you will reduce the risk of dangerous situations in elevators.

Today in the lesson you learned that dangers lie in wait for you not only outside the house, but also inside it. However, if you are responsible and vigilant, then nothing will threaten you.

Bibliography

1. Fundamentals of life safety: 5th grade: a textbook for educational institutions / M.P. Frolov [et al.] ed. Yu.L. Vorobyov. - Moscow: Astrel, 2013, 174 p.: ill. Polyakov V.V., Kuznetsov M.I. and others, ed. Latchuka V.N. Fundamentals of life safety. Grade 5 - 2012, 160 p.
2. Smirnov A.T., Khrennikov B.O. Fundamentals of life safety. Grade 5 - 2012, 191 p.

1. Nepoznannoe.org ().
2. 0-1.ru ().
3. Kuzdrav.ru ().

Homework

1. Answer question No. 4 on page 30. Complete task No. 1 on page 31. Fundamentals of life safety: Grade 5: textbook for educational institutions / M.P. Frolov [et al.] ed. Yu.L. Vorobyov. - Moscow: Astrel, 2013, 174 p.: ill.
2. The apartment was flooded. Think about the possible causes of this dangerous situation. Make recommendations on how to avoid flooding.
3. * Make warning signs for the home. Consider what hazards are most likely to occur in your home and where warning signs can be placed.

We believe that we will always be completely safe at home. There is even a saying - "my house is my fortress." Often we are inattentive to the mandatory safety rules and forget to turn off the iron, close front door; leaving, we do not check whether the water taps are closed. We let strangers into the house.

Due to the left included electric household appliances fires occur. An open faucet in the bathroom or kitchen causes flooding. A gas leak can lead to poisoning and an explosion, and an open door can lead to theft.

According to the rescue services, you can compile a list of the most common dangerous situations in the home:

• fires, fires;
• poisoning with carbon monoxide or household gas;
• household injuries;
• falls from stairs, from a height;
• loss of keys, slamming doors;
• theft, attacks by intruders;
• fraud;
• flooding of premises;
• destruction of buildings, damage to property;
• animal attacks.

We have listed almost all kinds of dangerous situations that are possible in a home. The causes of dangerous situations in the house can be man-made, natural and social factors:

• faulty or left unattended switched on electrical appliances;
• technical accidents: damage to water and gas pipelines, violations of the heating system;
• hurricanes, heavy rains, extreme cold, heat, earthquakes, floods;
• explosive devices, poisonous substances;
• improper behavior of people violating public order;
• violation of safety rules, rules for handling devices and mechanisms.

Let's repeat one of the most important lessons of life safety:

• in every dangerous situation there is necessarily an obvious or hidden reason for its occurrence, which is the result of our inattention and our ignorance.

Do you know how many teenagers have received various injuries due to non-compliance with the rules for using the elevator?

Do you think they didn't know about the rules of conduct, or didn't read the instructions that hang in every elevator car? They simply did not think about the danger and about what threatens them with their own frivolity and careless behavior.

Some facts

A two-year-old girl was riding the elevator with her mother. The doors began to close, and the child's leg fell between the wings. The elevator traveled almost a meter while the mother tried to stop the elevator car. The girl was seriously injured. Doctors had to perform several operations to keep the girl healthy.

An elevator in a multi-storey building is an undeniable convenience that provides us with a comfortable existence. Using the elevator every day, we forget that the elevator can become a source of danger to human health and life. The danger can be caused by its malfunction, the actions of criminals, hooliganism and gross violation of the rules for operating the elevator.

In order to avoid possible troubles, it is necessary to follow the rules for using the elevator.

• Before you enter the opening doors, make sure that in front of you is a cabin, and not the gaping emptiness of the mine.
• You need to enter the elevator slowly and press the button for the desired floor only after the final loading of all passengers.
• It is strictly forbidden to use the elevator in case of fire. The accumulation of smoke in the cabin can be dangerous to human life, and in the event of an emergency power outage, the elevator will stop.
• It is forbidden to smoke, jump, push, that is, make sudden movements in the elevator.
• If the elevator is of an old design, without automatic doors, then the desired button can be pressed only when the interior doors. During movement, it is strictly forbidden to open the doors of the elevator car.
• If a suspicious person appears in the lobby of the house, then refrain from riding the elevator. If nevertheless this happened - press the button not of your own, but of the nearest floor. Press the button to call the dispatcher and tell him about the situation, ask him to call the police.

Here is another typical situation, which is stated in the quatrain:

I'm sad now...
A draft slammed the door on me.
And my sister is silent:
Everyone forgot to take the keys.

Of course, in such cases, you need to urgently call your parents. You can call the rescue service, contact the police. But the most reliable thing is to always remember the OBZH rule: when leaving the apartment, even for a short time, take the keys with you.

Questions

1. Name the causes of dangerous situations in the home.
2. What will help make your home safe?
3. Undesirable and dangerous situations in living quarters can be caused by various factors. Find a match between the factor and its characteristic. Write down the answer in a notebook.

   Factors

   1. Natural
   2. Man-made
   3. Social

   Characteristics of factors

   A. Damage to the sewer system
   B. Frosts and hurricanes
   B. Illegal behavior, hooliganism
   D. Playing with fire
4. situational tasks.
   1. Lena decided to use the elevator, but it suddenly stopped. There is a mobile phone. What should she do?
   2. What to do if the door slammed shut, and on stairwell very cold?

Tasks

1. Make up the rules fire safety to perform in your home.
2. Think up and draw two signs that warn of any danger in the house and on the street. Give them a name.

Dangerous situations in the home and rules of action

Actions in case of fire in the apartment

What can you do if something is on fire in your house? Let's remember the sequence of the most urgent and obligatory action.

Call the fire department on 101. At the same time, the duty officer will ask you where and what is burning, the exact address in the surname. Say it quickly and clearly. You may be asked how best to drive up to the house and how many entrances it has. If there is no phone, call the neighbors, shout “Fire” for help, knock on the walls, on the pipes so that everyone can hear your alarm signal.

Leave the burning building, warn the neighbors. Meet the firemen. Only if the fire is small , try to cope with it yourself: tear off the burning curtains, trample the fire with your feet, fill it with water, cover it with a blanket, knock it down with a broom. Breathe through a wet scarf or towel.

1. open windows and doors in a burning room- oxygen promotes combustion, and smoke reduces it;

2. get close to the fire because of the danger of explosions, collapse of building structures. In large fires, air currents are formed that can drag a person into the fire;

3. panic and interfere with those who put out the fire, save property;

4. extinguish with water plugged-in electrical appliances, electrical panels and wires.

Actions in case of leakage of domestic gas

If you are reheating dinner yourself, stay close to the gas stove and keep it under control. It is very important to ensure that in the room where the gas stove is installed, good ventilation. If not exhaust unit, then when using a gas stove, you must always keep vent or window ajar. If there is a ventilation hole in the kitchen, it is necessary to monitor the cleanliness of the filter installed in it, as it is gradually clogged with dirt and grease.

Keep in mind that gas burner flame should be even blue color. If it is red or yellow, and there is scale on the pots and pans, the gas does not burn completely and you need to call the master.

Remember!

If you smell domestic gas in the house or porch do not touch electrical switches, ring the bell, call the elevator, use matches and lighters. Any spark can cause a gas explosion throughout the house. Quickly open doors and windows so that a poisonous accumulation of gas is blown out by a draft. Shut off the gas pipe. All this must be done while holding your breath and covering your mouth and nose with any tissue. If the cause of the gas contamination is not clear and you cannot cope on your own, then you should quickly leave the dangerous place and call the emergency gas service.It is better to do this from the neighbors by calling 04.

When poisoned with any gas, a person first begins to get very sick and dizzy, there is tinnitus. Then it darkens in the eyes, nausea rolls up. These signs are an important signal for you, you must quickly leave the dangerous place and warn others. With more severe poisoning, consciousness is darkened, muscle weakness and drowsiness appear. Loss of consciousness, convulsions and death are possible. First aid for "breathing" carbon monoxide or household gas : the victim must be taken out, taken out into the street. With weak shallow breathing or its stop, artificial respiration should be applied. Help in this case, rubbing the body, heating pads to the feet, short-term inhalation of vapors of ammonia.

Actions in case of flooding of the dwelling

First of all try to turn off the faucet or turn off the water supply. If you can't do it on your own, ask an adult to help you. Report the incident to your parents or neighbors, if they are not at home, then the dispatcher of the repair and maintenance department (REU) or the housing maintenance office (ZHEK).

Warn the neighbors downstairs. Place basins, jars, pots and buckets in places of leaks, collect water from the floor in them with a scoop and a rag. This way you can save the floor from swelling, and the neighbors below from flooding and repair costs. Move valuables to lockers, in a dry place, cover the furniture with foil, raincoats, plywood. If water flows from above the walls or drips from the ceiling, turn off the electricity . In case of severe flooding (flooding) of the entire floor or house, it is better to leave it without using the elevator and taking the necessary things and documents with you. A flooded house may collapse. To prevent flooding in the apartment through your fault, follow simple rules:

1. do not leave the flowing water unattended;

2. check the faucets before leaving the house, especially on days when the water is turned off;

3. do not clog the bath, sink and sewer system with large pieces of paper, cloth, gauze, hair;

4. leaving home, do not leave open windows. A good rainstorm can create a small lake on the floor of your room, with all the ensuing consequences for the household budget.

*In preparation, materials from the site were used

1. Think about and write down what dangerous situations related to the topic of the lesson may arise in an apartment or house.

A fire can occur in a house or apartment, flooding with water from the upper floor or from the sewer, and an explosion of domestic gas.

2. Summarize the results of the work of the groups on the topic of the lesson. Cut out the symbols from the Appendix and place them in the appropriate boxes. Check yourself in the textbook. After checking, stick a symbol

How to act

in case of fire

in the event of a plumbing failure

in the event of a gas leak

3. Indicate with an arrow the correct action for each case.

4. Papa Seryozha and Nadia illustrated some safety rules in this way. Number the drawings that show the actions: 1 - in case of fire; 2 - in case of a water supply failure; 3 - in case of gas leakage.

5. Draw an evacuation plan for your class in case of fire or other danger. Show the path from the classroom to the exit from the school with a red arrow.

6. Make a list of the most important phone numbers in case of emergency.

Parents' phone numbers: +7-917-963-62-12, +7-495-423-21-25
Dispatcher: 365-62-57
Nearest neighbors: +7-917-544-56-87
"Ambulance": 03 (from mobile phone 103)
Fire protection: 01 (from mobile phone 101)
Gas service: 04 (from mobile phone 104)
Emergency: 112
Other phones: +7-927-463-36-36 (Baba Sveta)

You can rewrite this list on a separate sheet and put it next to the telephone.

| Materials for life safety lessons for grade 5 | Schedule for the academic year | dangerous and emergencies in the house

Fundamentals of life safety
5th grade

Lesson 3
Dangerous and emergency situations in the house (apartment)

Man has always sought to build himself a home in which he could feel safe. It is not for nothing that the proverb “My home is my castle” that has developed in England has spread all over the world. But it is known that at home a person is also not protected from dangerous situations.

Even in ancient times, people used to create dwellings that nature itself gave them. Caves were adapted for habitation, dugouts were dug. Dwellings were built according to local conditions. So, in the northern regions, even now you can find houses in which the entire household is united under one roof in order to protect it from cold and bad weather. Many tribes living in Africa build villages on stilts to protect their houses from floods during the rainy season.

A modern city apartment not only protects a person, but also provides him with various conveniences. In order to live comfortably in an apartment, it is necessary to supply water, gas, electricity to it, connect a telephone, and conduct a television antenna. A person can no longer imagine his life without light and water, TV and telephone. However, the presence in the apartment of a large number of home appliances and household appliances creates the conditions for the occurrence of dangerous situations.

Causes of dangerous situations in the house (apartment):

■ negligence (an open faucet, a forgotten turned on iron, a kettle left unattended on gas stove);

■ improper handling of household appliances;

■ careless handling of fire and chemicals;

■ criminal situations (breaking, robbery, terrorist act).

In some cases, a natural disaster can also cause dangerous situations in the house. The worst thing that can happen to a home is its complete or partial destruction. It can be caused by flooding during a flood, an earthquake, an avalanche in a mountainous area, and even military events or other causes.

What dangerous situations are possible in the house (apartment)?

■ Fire (due to faulty wiring or electrical engineering, careless handling of fire);
■ gas explosion (as a result of a gas leak due to the stove being left on);
■ flooding (due to a malfunction of the plumbing or due to an open faucet, faulty washing machine);
■ poisoning (gas or chemicals);
■ electric shock (due to violation of safety rules when using electrical appliances and electrical equipment);
■ destruction of building structures (as a result of an earthquake or explosion).

Dangerous situations can and should be prevented!

A good electrical appliance will not light up. A repaired and closed faucet will not leak. Poisonous substances at proper storage and use will not poison.

We must strive to live without danger, learn to be prudent in Everyday life. Pranks and games with dangerous objects send many children to the hospital, causing mental anguish to the parents, and physical to the culprit himself.

QUESTIONS AND TASKS

1. Tell us about the dwellings that people built before and are building now.
2. What dangerous situations can arise in the house (apartment)?
3. What are the most common causes of dangerous situations in the house (apartment).
4. What rules must be followed to prevent an emergency in the apartment?