How to solder batteries for a screwdriver. Screwdriver battery repair - replacement and restoration. Series-and parallel connection of elements

A process such as restoring a screwdriver battery requires a certain amount of knowledge. How to resuscitate this tool, how not to make a mistake and not ruin the battery and the screwdriver as a whole - many people ask such questions. Let's consider them.

The screwdriver is a special hand tool, which is used for tightening and unscrewing bolts, screws, nuts, self-tapping screws and screws. Also, a similar device is used for high-quality and fast drilling of holes and for the threading process. For modern craftsmen, the tool replaces a conventional screwdriver, only saving a lot of time.

The tool is simply indispensable in a variety of construction processes, in repair work Oh. If you need to assemble furniture, you can not do without a screwdriver. Every master who has worked with a screwdriver for a long time, after using a screwdriver, understands how much more time is saved. The versatility of the tool and its functionality is becoming more and more.

The modern market offers a wide variety of models, but regardless of the brand, batteries have an identical structure. If you disassemble the battery, you can see that it is assembled from relatively small structural elements, assembled strictly sequentially.

The special typesetting parts present in the composition have standard sizes and voltage levels. Only the capacity, which is measured in A / h, can differ, and is indicated strictly on the element itself.

The case has four contacts. Among them, the presence of the following can be noted:

Two power, for discharge and charge;
Upper control, which is connected through a special thermal sensor. Such a device is necessary for effective protection batteries, it also turns off and in a special way limits the charge current by raising the temperature to certain levels. The heating process is carried out due to sufficiently large currents during the forced charge, that is, a special “fast” charge is carried out;
It can be noted that there is a so-called "service" contact, which is connected through a special resistance. It is used for fairly complex charging stations, which are designed to equalize the charge of all battery cells without exception. It is worth noting that such stations are not needed in everyday life, since there is high price.

During operation, the tool may fail. When such a situation arises, it is required to be able to determine the malfunction. At the same time, all the elements present cannot fail, since their circuit is strictly sequential. When one part fails, the entire circuit fails. It is for this reason that it is important to identify the weakest point.

Approximately 70% of the total cost of a brand new screwdriver falls on the battery that usually comes with it.

Usually the battery of this tool fails after a certain period of use. In such a situation, you will have to purchase a completely new battery or have it quality repair screwdriver, saving a significant amount of material resources.

What repair tools are needed

To repair the battery of a screwdriver with your own hands, you should have the following tools with you:

Ammeter 2 A;
tester;
voltmeter for 2 and 15 V;
ohmmeter;
milliammeter;
screwdriver to open the case;
magnifier;
scissors;
pliers.

The repair of such a tool for the most part consists in finding and then replacing a failed battery cell. To achieve this goal, it is important to know the order, the sequence of the verification, and it will also be necessary to analyze the parameters.

Features of repair technology

Often, during the repair process, it is required to apply technologies for the complete restoration of terminals and for the restoration of capacitance. Often a breakdown is indicated by the fact that the battery of the screwdriver does not charge. There are many reasons for this:

Malfunction of the supplied charger;
The cause may be a strong deterioration of the battery;
There is a violation of strong contact between the installed terminals.

If signs of damage appear, the battery must be repaired immediately. The exact cause of a battery failure can be determined by measuring the voltage level with a special tester. Similarly, every battery needs to be tested. All faulty batteries found during the test must be labeled and separated from those that are working properly.

If the battery is draining quickly, before you immediately disassemble it and change anything in it, first try to restore the battery capacity by several cycles of deep discharge and full charge. In 7 out of 10 cases, this helps restore battery capacity.

Often the cause of the breakdown is a malfunction of the terminals. During the use of the device, they unbend, which entails poor contact, respectively, the battery will be charged every other time. To carry out repairs, you first need to disassemble the charger, carefully bend all the terminals, and then simply control the charging process using special devices.

If during the operation of this device its capacity is lost, and a series of successive charges-discharges did not help, then it is worth replacing this important element for operation.

Below are the videos, it’s better to see once what to do with a broken battery than to listen or read, the first one shows the disassembly of the battery case, the second video already shows the battery recovery process itself.

Capacity recovery method

Often the battery of the battery is in need of restoring its capacity. This volume is usually lost due to the erasure of the memory effect. Determining this problem is quite simple. Once the battery is fully charged, it usually discharges very quickly and only starts functioning again after a certain time delay. Fixing this kind of problem is pretty easy. It is enough to follow the following instructions:

1. A small current is required to fully charge the battery.
2. After that, completely discharge it, using a small degree of load. In this way, a slow, i.e. relatively soft, discharge can be ensured, which will allow the outer layer and the entire plate to sag.
3. For a load of such a plan, it is better to use a standard lamp, the voltage of which is 220 V and the power parameters are 60 V.
4. The discharge is required to produce up to about 30% of the total rated capacity, that is, up to 5 V.

Before using the screwdriver battery, it is advisable to repeat this procedure up to 5 times. Although the capacity of a refurbished device will be slightly lower than a new one, as a temporary measure, this method quite successful. Such manipulations are able to extend the operating time of a screwdriver by about a year.

And in this video there are already bulkheads of batteries, how to make one worker out of 2.

Various alternative solutions to the problem

There are several alternative options for fully restoring the battery. Among them, the following methods are very popular:

1. Gentle compression and slight deformation of the case. In other words, you can do as you did with the battery earlier, that is, squeeze it a little with light blows.
2. Can be carried out next process- Charge the batteries strongly with a stronger current. After that, they are completely discharged and charged again. Usually, such shock therapy gives a fairly good result, that is, it is able to restore batteries that previously seemed hopeless to life.

If through the application of certain mechanical influences, operability cannot be restored, it will need to be replaced.

The nuances of self-repair

Do-it-yourself battery repair of a tool such as a screwdriver can be done by replacing all the faulty parts present. In the process of acquiring a new element, it is necessary to carefully ensure that the dimensions and capacity are fully consistent with all native components. If a defective component is found, it will need to be cut off, and then soldered in its place with a new one.

Speaking of important points and the nuances of this process, the following factors can be noted:

When using a soldering iron, you need to work quickly so that the battery does not heat up;
The connection process must be carried out using plates;
It is worth constantly remembering that the connection of all elements is carried out strictly sequentially.

After major repairs, the potentials on the batteries can be completely different. Therefore, they need to be aligned. For this purpose, you will need to charge the battery for 12 hours, then let it cool for a day. A device for measuring the voltage present must show the same parameters of 1.3 V on all components without exception. It is recommended to do this several times.

Carrying out the restoration of a screwdriver with your own hands will save material resources in the workshop and without the need to purchase a new tool. To achieve an ideal high-quality result, it is enough to follow the rules and the instructions above.

This video shows the disassembly of the battery

Almost every battery in a power tool is the most expensive part of it. A screwdriver is no exception, because a replaceable battery can be from 30% of the total cost of a tool. After discharging the device, you need to purchase a new screwdriver, but to save money, there is another option - restoration, which will extend its service life.

Screwdriver battery drains quickly

The problem with the rapid self-discharge of the battery is quite common. It consists in fast charging, which takes place in 20 minutes and the same short work.

This situation may be the result of incorrect operation of the thermal sensor located in the removable battery. This temperature sensor may not be installed in the original way. You must return it to the place of purchase.

If the battery begins to discharge quickly after prolonged uninterrupted use, which could happen after a fall, you need to take it to repair.

Battery not charging

Screwdriver after prolonged use, it happens, fails. Its working element may stop charging, which will lead to the impossibility of performing the functional abilities of the tool, the tool, roughly speaking, will “die”.

In order to extend the life of the tool so that you do not have to remove it from the visibility zone, you can try three methods in turn. Each subsequent one is considered more complex and costly. They consist in:

restoration and increase in capacity after its reversible loss (memory effect);
adding distilled water to the electrolyte;
replacing some or all of the battery packs.

Screwdriver battery life

The battery can last about three to four years with proper use and storage. In practice, this period is sometimes reduced to two years. It is very expensive to change the tool all the time, so it is better to choose right away best option for one purpose or another.

There are 3 different types batteries:

Nickel-cadmium. The most affordable, but short-lived, especially with frequent work in cold weather conditions.
Nickel metal hydride. A small device that does not have a long service life.
Lithium-ion. The most popular ones are capable of not being discharged for a long time, but have a higher cost than the above options.

Regardless of battery type, battery life depends on the number of charges used and how it is stored. That is, the more the tool works, the faster it discharges. At the same time, “simple” operation negatively affects the period of use, especially if you store the tool in the state when it sat down.

How to restore the battery of a screwdriver at home

Is it possible to reanimate all types of batteries? Better repair nickel-cadmium blocks, which are available in almost all modern screwdrivers, lend themselves.

For the recovery process, you need to understand the basics of electricity. That is, to have school knowledge about the operation of batteries.

For work you will need tools and materials:

screwdriver;
tester;
soldering iron;
tin (with low-corrosion flux).

A donor is needed to resuscitate the battery. In the configuration of the screwdriver, it may be available, or you need to find it yourself, for example, by removing it from another old device.

To start the operation, you need to full charge(about 6 hours) of both batteries, swing it. After that, remove the plastic cover from the part to be restored with a screwdriver. This procedure must be done carefully so as not to damage the latches. Otherwise, for subsequent assembly, you will need glue, like "Moment".

Recovery of nickel-cadmium batteries for screwdrivers

The ni cd battery device is manufactured using the same technology, so any battery can be made a donor of this type.

Such devices are separate components - blocks, with a nominal voltage of 1.2 V and an energy capacity of 1200-1500 MA / h. They are found in Interskol screwdrivers. Each block affects the power, that is, with its value of 12 V, the number of blocks is 10 pieces, 14.4 V - 12, etc. After changing the battery, the power may drop for the first time of operation, but then everything will be restored.

18 volt screwdriver battery recovery

18 V is a common power that corresponds to the presence of 15 blocks. As a donor, you need to choose an electrical appliance with a voltage of 14.5 V, that is, a 12 V car battery will not work.

How to restore and start a lithium-ion battery

For these types of batteries, you will need to remember where the plus, minus and charging contacts are located. The voltage control board, located on the batteries, most often fails, or rather, their stabilizers and protective diodes.

The voltage at the battery output is checked, if the value is much less than normal, resuscitation is performed.

The second life of batteries in screwdrivers Bosch, Hitachi, Makita

The featured brands come with a lithium-ion battery. Reviving them requires a soldering iron and sleight of hand, because if you do everything slowly, the service life may decrease, or the battery will explode altogether.

All broken or frayed wires inside the battery must be isolated, for example, with electrical tape or replaced with new ones in advance.

For restoration, torn off metal elements are soldered - tapes that can be taken in old blocks.

For assembly, it is necessary to return the cardboard gasket between the blocks and the board to its place. This is required to prevent shorting. Then the contacts are isolated.

The cost of a new screwdriver is approximately 70% the cost of the battery to it. Therefore, it is not surprising when faced with a battery failure, we ask ourselves the question - what's next? Buy a new battery or a screwdriver, or maybe it is possible to repair the battery of a screwdriver with your own hands and continue working with an already familiar tool?

In this article, which we will conditionally divide into three parts, we will consider: types of batteries that are used in screwdrivers (part 1), their possible reasons failure (Part 2) and available repair methods (Part 3).

Screwdriver battery: design and types

It should be noted that regardless of the brand of the screwdriver and the country of manufacture, the batteries have an identical structure. The assembled battery pack looks like this.

If we disassemble it, we will see that it is assembled from small elements that are assembled sequentially. And from school course In physics, we know that elements that are connected in series harmonize their potentials.

Note. The sum of each battery gives us the final voltage at the battery contacts.

Type-settings or "cans", as a rule, have standard size and voltage, they differ only in capacity. Battery capacity is measured in Ah and is indicated on the cell (shown below).

The following types of elements are used for the layout of screwdriver batteries:

nickel - cadmium (Ni - Cd) batteries, with a nominal voltage on the "banks" of 1.2V;
nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), voltage on the elements - 1.2V;
lithium-ion (Li-Ion), with a voltage of 3.6V.

Let us consider in more detail the advantages and disadvantages of each type.

The most common type due to low cost;
Not afraid of low temperatures, such as Li-Ion batteries;
It is stored in a discharged state, while retaining its characteristics.

Produced only in third world countries, due to toxicity during production;
memory effect;
Self-discharge;
small capacity;
A small number of charge / discharge cycles means that they do not “live” for a long time with intensive use.

Environmentally friendly production, it is possible to purchase a high-quality branded battery;
Low memory effect;
Low self-discharge;
Large capacity, in comparison with Ni - Cd;
More charge/discharge cycles.

Price;
Loses some of the characteristics during long-term storage in a discharged state;
At low temperatures does not "live" for a long time.

No memory effect;
Almost no self-discharge;
High battery capacity;
The number of charge / discharge cycles is many times greater than that of previous types of batteries;
To set the required voltage, a smaller number of "cans" is needed, which significantly reduces the weight and dimensions of the battery.

High price, almost 3 times in comparison with nickel - cadmium;
After three years, there is a significant loss of capacity, because. Li decomposes.

We got acquainted with the elements, let's move on to the rest of the elements of the battery pack of the screwdriver. Disassembling the unit, for example, to repair the battery of a Hitachi screwdriver (shown below), is very simple - we unscrew the screws around the perimeter and disconnect the case.

The housing has four contacts:

Two power, "+" and "-", for charge / discharge;
The top control, it is switched on through a temperature sensor (thermistor). The thermistor is necessary to protect the batteries, it turns off or limits the charge current when a certain temperature of the cells is exceeded (usually in the range of 50 - 600C). Heating occurs due to high currents during forced charging, the so-called "fast" charging;
The so-called "service" contact, which is connected through a 9Kom resistance. It is used for complex charging stations that equalize the charge on all battery cells. In everyday life, such stations are useless, due to their high cost.

That's actually the whole design of the battery. Below is a video on how to disassemble the block.

Fault definition

We figured out the purpose of the battery design elements, now let's look at how to determine the malfunction, this is part 2 of repairing the battery of a screwdriver. We note right away that all elements cannot fail at once, and since our circuit is sequential, when one element exits, the entire circuit does not work. So, our task is to determine where we have the weakest link in the chain.

To do this, we will need a multimeter, and for the second troubleshooting method, a 12V lamp, if your screwdriver battery is also 12 volt. The procedure is as follows:

We put the battery on charge, waiting for a signal of a full charge.

We disassemble the case and measure on each bank of the battery. For Ni - Cd we should have 1.2 - 1.4V, in lithium - 3.6 / 3.8V.

Mark all "banks" in which the voltage is less than the nominal. For example, most Ni - Cd elements have a voltage of 1.3V, and one or more - 1.2 / 1.1V.

We assemble the battery and work until a noticeable loss of power.

We remove, disassemble and measure the voltage drop on the "banks" of the battery. On the marked elements, the “sagging” of the voltage will be greater than on the others. For example, they are no longer 1.2V, but 1.0V or even lower.

Note. The difference between the cells in the battery in 0.5 - 0.7V is considered significant, which means that the cell becomes unusable.

Thus, we found candidates for "resuscitation" or "amputation" and replacement with new elements.

If your screwdriver is powered by 12 or 13V, you can search using a simpler method. We disassemble a fully charged battery and connect a 12-volt lamp to the “+” and “-” contacts. The lamp will be a load, and will drain the battery. Next, we take measurements on the battery cells, where the voltage drop is the strongest, there is a weak link.

There are other ways, instead of a lamp, you can pick up resistance, but this already requires the basics of electrical engineering, and it is doubtful that a resistor with the necessary resistance would be at hand.

Other faults are very rare. For example, loss of contact in the places of soldering batteries or power contacts of the unit, failure of the thermistor. This problem is more inherent in fakes. In view of the rarity, we will not focus on, we will limit ourselves to battery cells.

With the "problem" elements sorted out, it is necessary to repair. How to repair a screwdriver battery? In general, 2 methods are available for repair, so to speak. This is the restoration and replacement of elements that have become unusable.

Is it possible to "reanimate" elements and how?

Let's proceed to part 3 of repairing the battery of a screwdriver and immediately make a reservation that the concept of "resuscitation" for lithium-ion batteries is not applicable. There is no memory effect in them, most likely, lithium has decomposed, and nothing can be done about it. In such batteries, it is necessary to find out what is the cause of the malfunction: the element itself or the control circuit. There are two options here:

we change the control scheme from another, but similar to ours, battery, if it helps, we find a replacement and change it;
apply 4V to the cell with a current of about 200mA, this requires a regulated charger. If the voltage on the element rises to 3.6V - the element is working, the problem is in other elements, or in the control circuit.

Screwdriver battery refurbishment is available primarily for Ni - Cd batteries, but they are usually the most common in household screwdrivers.

So, how to reanimate the battery of a screwdriver? There are two types of "resuscitation" for these types of batteries:

Compaction or compression method (it will work in cases where the electrolyte is still available, but the volume is lost);
"Firmware" voltage and current greater than the nominal. This method allows you to eliminate the memory effect, and although not completely, but to restore the lost capacity.

This method is shown in the video below.

Note. As a rule, in a nickel - cadmium battery, the main reason for the loss of capacity is the boiling of the electrolyte, and if it is critically low, no "firmware" will help.

This method, if its result is positive, will not solve the problem of failure of the elements. Rather, it will only delay the replacement of those that have become unusable, and in the future it will still be necessary to repair the battery of the Makita screwdriver or any other.

Repair and replacement of battery elements of a screwdriver

More effective way repair of batteries for a screwdriver - replacement of elements that we have identified as faulty.

To carry out repairs, we need either a battery - a “donor”, in which some of the elements are in good condition, or new “banks”. It will not be difficult to buy them, even on the Internet you can easily find a dozen stores that are ready to send these items by mail. The price does not particularly bite, for example, a nickel-cadmium cell with a capacity of 2000 mAh costs around 100 rubles.

Note. When purchasing a new element, make sure that its capacity and dimensions match the native elements.

We also need a soldering iron, a low-corrosion flux (preferably an alcohol flux on rosin) and tin. We are not talking about spot welding, since for a one-time battery repair there is hardly a need to purchase or assemble it ...

There is nothing difficult in the replacement itself, especially if there is at least some experience in soldering. In the photographs, everything is shown in sufficient detail, we cut off the faulty element, instead of it we solder a new one.

It is necessary to note several nuances:

when soldering with a soldering iron, try to solder quickly so that the battery does not heat up, because. risk spoiling it;
if possible, implement the connection using native plates, or use copper plates of the same size, this is important because the charging currents are large and if the cross section of the connecting wires is incorrect, they will heat up, respectively, the thermistor protection will work;
in no case do not confuse the plus of the battery with the minus - the connection is serial, which means that the minus of the previous can goes to the plus of the new can, and the minus of the new one goes to the plus of the next.

After the new elements have been soldered, it is necessary to equalize the potentials on the "banks", since they are different. We carry out a charge / discharge cycle: we set it to charge all night, give it a day to cool down and measure the voltage on the elements. If we did everything correctly, the picture will be something like this: all the elements have the same multimeter indicator, within 1.3V.

Next, we proceed to discharge the battery, insert the battery into the screwdriver and load it “to the fullest”. The main thing is to spare the screwdriver itself, otherwise you will have to repair it too. We bring to full discharge. We repeat this procedure two more times, i.e. charge and fully discharge.

It should be noted that the procedure for erasing the "memory effect" should be carried out every three months. It is carried out by analogy with the above training.

Such a not very tricky procedure will extend the life of your screwdriver, at least until you have to change it for a new one.

Hi all! Today I will touch on the topic of construction and summer summer cottages. I'll tell you how to repair or restore the battery of a screwdriver with your own hands. I must say that a screwdriver is a very convenient thing. Charged the battery and run without wires twisting here and there. Only over time, such a krutilka turns less and less. This is due to the loss battery capacity. About them and will be discussed.

How is a screwdriver

Everything is quite simple here. The simplest screwdriver consists of a plastic case, a battery (1), a speed controller (2), a plastic button (3), an engine (4), a gearbox (5) and a chuck (6).

Screwdriver battery insides

Inside the battery, the screwdriver is very simple. The battery banks are connected in series with each other by metal foil using spot welding. In the simplest case, everything ends with sliding contacts.

More complex batteries incorporate charge and discharge controller boards with monitoring the temperature of the cans. Most often, such boards are installed in branded screwdrivers with lithium-ion battery sections.

Types of battery cells

Over the past 20 to 30 years, many portable battery technologies have been developed: Ni-Cd, Ni-Mh, Li-ion, Li-Pol, Al-Ion, Li-S, Mg-S, Li-O2, LiFePO4 and even lithium- nanophosphate. Consider the most popular of them.

Nickel-cadmium batteries

This is the most popular type of battery sections for .

Advantages: they are cheap and can work well in sub-zero temperatures. They are also not afraid of discharge and storage in this position.

Flaws: Cadmium is toxic and these batteries must be disposed of in a special way. There is self-discharge and memory effect, low specific volumetric capacity.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries

Nickel-metal hydride ones are a little more expensive, but in general they are about the same in terms of level, maybe a little better than nickel-cadmium ones.

Advantages: non-toxic, less memory effect and self-discharge, more charge/discharge cycles.

Flaws: more sensitive to negative temperatures, are afraid of storage in a discharged state - they lose capacity.

Li-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly used in screwdrivers, even budget-class.

Advantages: no memory effect - you can charge and discharge at any time, large capacity with smaller dimensions, low self-discharge, big number charges/discharges.

Disadvantages: high price, danger of excessive heating during intensive charge and discharge.

Lithium polymer batteries

So far, lithium-polymer batteries have been little used in screwdrivers, but with the development of technology, they will most likely be put there in large quantities.

Advantages: a larger capacity with smaller dimensions than Li-ion, can take any form, the voltage during discharge holds better, low self-discharge.

Disadvantages: high cost, heating during operation and fire hazard.

Restoration of battery cells

Here I will give a story from Master Sergey on the restoration of a nickel-cadmium screwdriver battery. The owner began to complain about the short operating time of the electric screwdriver and the fact that “the battery does not hold”. Dismantling the battery case showed that there are factory Ni-Cd cans from Liang for 1000 mAh.

Restore Ni-cd battery enough in a simple way. It is necessary to make several cycles of deep discharge and charge. In such extreme modes, hard-to-reach areas of battery charge accumulation begin to work, the return on which has deteriorated due to the memory effect, abuse of operating conditions or storage.

Such problems are not limited to screwdrivers. The battery powered RC model industry has long since solved the problems of automated discharge/charge. There are special chargers for this.

Master Sergey had a Vista Power AK610AC. This is a charger with the function of charging with a power of 90W and discharging to a load of 20W. This is a great professional device with a touch screen! This can be found on Avito at a price of about 5000 rubles.

Instead of this charger you can use something more Chinese, for example, at a price of about 2000 rubles.

It is best to start cyclical battery recovery with a deep discharge of the battery and then immediately charge it.

After the first cycle, the capacity during discharge was 707 mAh, and when charged, 879 mAh. As you can see, the capacity has decreased by 30% compared to the one declared by the manufacturer.

The second discharge / charge cycle showed the numbers 781 mAh / 937 mAh. As you can see, this is 10% more than the previous values.

The third battery recharge cycle showed minor deviations from the previous second recharge. Therefore, this is enough. If you see on your batteries that the capacity is growing, then you can continue.

A practical owner, like no one else, understands how convenient and efficient a stand-alone hand-held power tool is in use. A professional builder who mainly deals with finishing works, without a screwdriver and can not do at all. the battery, and any type, after a certain time begins to lose its energy potential. Purchasing a new battery is not cheap. But who said that restoring the battery of a screwdriver is impossible in principle? What prevents the owner of a branded modification from saving on expensive batteries? You probably won't be surprised at the universality of the answer. Ignorance. Developing the topic, we note: it is possible! The material of the article will help you solve the problem of "global aging" of the battery. It is worth reading about how and what to do.

"Banks" that do not store money

Speaking about the restoration of the battery of a screwdriver, it is impossible not to mention that the batteries that are equipped with the specified construction tool may have different specifications. Often this kind of "energy individuality" of the power source plays an important role at the time of operation. For example, under low temperature operating conditions, nickel-cadmium batteries should be preferred. Whereas the nickel-metal hydride type of batteries are more durable in use and can have a relatively large capacity. Meanwhile, lithium-ion batteries have become widely used. of this type and does not need maintenance at all, is devoid of the "memory effect", and most importantly - with a high capacity, the "energy banks" of the batteries are more compact than those of the "competitors".

Restoring the battery of a screwdriver through freezing

Most likely, your power tool is equipped with a nickel-cadmium battery. Because this type of battery (in the context of this article) is the most common. This is the sole reason why our material is dedicated to this particular type of battery. However, the recommendations below are valid for the use of metal hydride energy sources. So, the procedure is:

Packed in a battery (fully discharged!) Place in the freezer.
After 10-12 hours, remove the battery from the refrigerator.
Leave the battery on charge for a few hours.
Then you need to "land" the battery. Let it work until the energy in the containers runs out.
Repeat the described procedure 2-3 times.

But what if such a restoration of the screwdriver battery was not fully successful? In this case, you should resort to a comprehensive solution to the problem, which you will learn about in the sections below.

Disassembly of the body part of the autonomous power supply

After you have made sure that several cycles of deep charge / discharge of the battery have not given positive result, and your battery is still draining quickly in the process, follow the step-by-step scenario. As an example, take the battery for the Makita screwdriver.

Before starting the actual disassembly process,
To gain access to the capacitive battery cells, you need to unscrew a few fixing screws.
In some cases, it is required to carefully crack the case at the junction of structural parts.

Attention: when implementing the last dismantling option, do not use excessive physical force, as the battery case plastic can be deformed. Remember: after the "restoration" work, the container must sit securely in place.

Search for a “weak link”: identification of a failed “bank”

So, the battery for the Makita screwdriver is several batteries connected in series. However, the standard circuit (when the positive contact of one of the containers is connected to the minus of the next "can") is used in almost all such devices. Of course, this refers to an autonomously operating power tool. So, the algorithm of actions:

Using a multimeter, methodically measure all the elements of the "energy piping".
In order not to get confused - do not smirk, because nickel-cadmium batteries for screwdrivers (18 volts) usually consist of 15 capacitors connected in series, - make notes on the “actual” voltage on each “bank” with a regular pencil.

Attention: when measuring, you should use a simple device, which consists of two wires and a load resistance of 0.5 ohms. As a result, you will receive the most plausible data on the state of the involved batteries.

By connecting the "load" to check the values \u200b\u200bissued by the containers.
The element with the lowest rating must be replaced with a known working component of the power supply system.
It should be noted that a deviation of 0.5-0.7 V from the norm is considered to be critical.

Forced retreat: battery energy features

As you already understood, the battery device of a screwdriver is no different. However, the series circuit of connected batteries may have an additional component in the form of an installed thermistor (heat sensor), the principle of which is to open the charging circuit at the moment when the temperature reaches a critical level - overheating. At the same time, when repairing a battery, one should take into account the output rating of the battery used in the power tool, and also adhere to the identity of the typical layout.

In other words, sufficiently powerful batteries for screwdrivers (18 volts - a very common standard) are usually assembled from fifteen nickel-cadmium cells. Each individual capacity has an energy potential of 1.2 V. In the case when the device is equipped with a lithium-ion type of battery, the 18-volt battery consists of five cells with a nominal value of 3.6 V. As a result, Li-ion batteries are more compact and lighter than batteries of previous technologies.

The process of replacing a failed battery

Using a sharp knife (a scalpel is ideal), “cut off” the contact plates “+” and “-” from a malfunctioning container.
Using a household soldering iron and low-melting solder, add a new capacitive element to the overall "energy piping" of the battery.
Observe the polarity when installing a new container.

Important: do not overheat the case when soldering. Use special acid and catalytic fluxes.

Assembly and initial charging of the screwdriver battery

After you have replaced defective elements, carefully check the soldering points.
When installing the battery "bundle" in a protective container, do not forget about the insulating substrates that protect the cells from the moment of short circuit.
Carefully glue or twist the connecting points of the case with fixing screws.

It doesn’t matter at all which battery for a screwdriver (Interskol, Makita or Bosh) you restored. The main thing is how well you assembled the energy device. Since any minor mistake during installation, whether it be a body gap, a “chewed” wire, or incorrect positioning of the contact plates, can negate all your efforts. Only after you have visually verified that everything is correctly assembled, you need to completely discharge the “new” battery. The battery for a screwdriver (12V) will run out very quickly if you “load” it in full. The next thing you have to do is to perform 2-3 deep charge/discharge cycles. It is worth noting that this kind of prevention should be performed at least once every three months.

As a bonus, take a few valuable tips into service, perhaps they will help you in solving energy problems:

Don't bother if your battery is a lithium-ion type. It is unlikely that you will be able to restore it.
Traditional nickel cadmium battery you can always "push" with a short supply of more high voltage. However, before resorting to such drastic measures, it is necessary to study this electrical issue of "reincarnation" in more detail.
You may not know, but the traditional type of battery, which is a nickel-cadmium battery, cannot be connected to charging if its capacities have sufficient energy potential. Otherwise, the devastating consequences of the "memory effect" of the battery simply cannot be avoided.

Instead of an afterword

The Russian battery for an Interskol screwdriver is not inferior in quality to branded counterparts. However, the cost of domestic batteries, without exaggeration, is gentle. For those who are not confident in their abilities, for whom it is "easier" to purchase a new battery than to restore the old one, this is an option. Nevertheless, in the case when the structural part of the energy container has exclusive forms (grooves, clamps and specific bends), you still have to devote a few minutes of your precious time to technical creativity. Since it may be necessary to repack the battery in the "native" case. Well, what about a screwdriver and what needs to be done when the battery is not charging for a reason long downtime in a discharged state, you already know. Effective recovery methods for you and do not forget about safety - yours and those around you!