The benefits of the Finnish sauna for the human body. Features of the Finnish sauna and its effect on the body The main stage of construction

It would seem, what is the difference between the Finnish and Russian baths, because they go to the first and second, first of all, to sweat and improve their health? In fact, there are quite a few differences. First of all, feature Finnish sauna is high temperature with low humidity. The air here warms up to 70-100 degrees or more (in Russian - up to 45-80 degrees), and its humidity rarely goes beyond 8-20% (in Russian - 40-65%). During today's excursion, you are invited to get a complete understanding of key features baths according to Finnish technology and its differences from the closest analogue - the Russian bath.

The key differences between the two baths can be classified into several groups. About them further.

Internal microclimate

The Finnish sauna is deservedly considered, firstly, the hottest, and secondly, the driest. The temperature here is often raised up to 90-100 degrees. Along with this, visitors, in the absence of individual contraindications, normally tolerate such extreme effects, primarily due to low humidity (no more than 20%).

In the Russian steam room, the air at the highest points of the room does not warm up more than 80 degrees, and the humidity is several times higher than the “Finnish” one and reaches 70% or more.

Experienced attendants know a simple postulate: the hotter the room, the drier it should be. To make it clearer, we give a simple example: if in a Finnish sauna heated to 100 degrees, the air humidity rises to 25-30% (only 5-10% higher than the maximum recommended value), the visitor will get burns of the skin and mucous membranes at best, lung burn with a fatal outcome - under the most unfavorable set of circumstances.

That is why it is not necessary to splash water on the stones in the Finnish sauna (except in extremely small quantities, if the air is too dry or you want to add a pleasant aroma to it with the help of herbal infusion, kvass, etc.) - you can not calculate and provoke an increase in humidity to extreme values.

Arrangement of the heater

The second important difference between the Finnish sauna is the location of the stones in the oven - here they are laid out on the surface, while in the Russian bath the stones can be placed directly in the oven. For this reason, the Finnish sauna heats up and cools down faster than its Russian counterpart.

Kamenka in the Finnish sauna - photo

The design of the furnace unit itself is also different. In Russian steam rooms, in the vast majority of cases, solid fuel heaters are installed that burn wood. Modern Finnish saunas are best equipped with electric stoves. This issue will be considered in more detail in subsequent sections.

Soaring rules

The procedure for visiting the sauna is also different. If in the Russian bath it is customary, for example, to massage with a broom, then in the Finnish sauna they just sit, sweat and relax. No additional activities are planned. Maximum - scrub, honey mask, moisturizers, etc. In no case should a broom be used - at this temperature it will leave severe burns.

Face and body masks - the best effect in the sauna

Taking a shower (without using detergents) and entering the steam room, the visitor sits down on the shelf and rests.

The duration of the first call should not be more than 3-5 minutes. Otherwise, you may overheat. If discomfort occurs before the specified time, leave the steam room.

After leaving, take a cool shower or dip in the pool and head to the relaxation room. There you can drink fruit drinks, weak tea or fresh kvass to restore fluid reserves that have gone with sweat.

Important note! In the sauna, sweating is much more intense compared to the Russian bath, so you need to drink liquid in increased quantities.

With further visits (no more than 3-6 of them are made in total), the duration of spending time in the steam room can be gradually increased. The allowable maximum is 10-15 minutes, regardless of training and experience. To increase the beneficial effect for the skin, you can do a honey massage.

The total duration of a trip to the bath should be no more than 3 hours. It all ends with a shower. In this case, you can already use soap or shower gel to finally eliminate sweat. After washing, dry yourself and get some rest. Once completely cooled down, go outside.

Taking a shower is a must

The baths according to Finnish technology also have their own differences in terms of internal arrangement.

Finishing Features

First, the floor is traditionally equipped, after which the ceiling is sheathed, and finally the walls are finished.

It is not recommended to use wood for finishing the floor specifically in the Finnish sauna - if the steam room is used often, the material will quickly begin to rot. If the sauna is equipped for a periodic private visit, you can make a flooring, but only from high-quality durable materials.

More appropriate is to tile the floor over a pre-poured concrete base. Be sure to equip a pit to collect water. From it, the liquid is discharged to the place intended for this by the forces of the drain pipe. The base is poured with a slope of about 1-2 degrees in the direction of the pit.

For wall and ceiling cladding, lining is most often used. It can be made from a wide variety of wood species. Information about the most commonly used options is given in the table.

Table. Sauna wood

Breed	Description
	High quality material with many advantages, including: Absence of knots and resinous secretions; High strength; Ease; No burning effect when heated. Among the shortcomings can be attributed except that the high cost.
	Easy to process, resistant to temperature extremes and contact with moisture. Does not rot, does not give in to influence of fungi. Has an attractive appearance and wonderful aroma. Characterized healing properties.
	Sufficiently durable material with a pleasant pinkish tint. Smells good, has a beneficial effect on the human body. More often than others, it is used in the internal arrangement of baths and saunas.
	Wood with a pleasant velvety surface and pronounced healing properties. Like many "competitors", it does not overheat, does not emit resin and does not burn the skin. When the temperature rises, it becomes reddish, when it cools, it returns to its previous color.
	In terms of key mechanical characteristics, it practically does not lag behind oak. The wood has a reddish hue with a noble silky sheen. The disadvantage is the presence of resinous inclusions. Along with this, the composition contains many phytoncides, which have a beneficial effect on the human body. The service life of the material is amazing - even under high mechanical and temperature-humidity loads, it can serve without any complaints for more than a hundred years.
	Only breeds growing in the northern regions are allowed to cover the sauna. Finnish wood is especially noteworthy. The material is durable and dense, resistant to fungi and moisture, with a pleasant aroma. It is better not to use it for ceiling sheathing - a small amount of resin may drip when heated.
	One of the most budget options. The material is soft and supple. Resins are absent. There are significant drawbacks. Firstly, it is the susceptibility to various tree diseases to a greater extent compared to the previously considered options. Secondly, the color change over time.
pictured Karelian birch)	A good material with a strong and uniform structure. It is important that it is already dried when sold, because. birch is prone to deformation during the drying process. The material has long been known for its healing properties and is widely used for sheathing steam rooms.

Prices for lining

Finnish sauna stove

If desired, an ordinary wood-burning stove can be installed in the Finnish sauna - it will heat, and for many this is enough.

But much more appropriate and right decision will be the purchase of a compact, functional and safe electric stove.

For the manufacture of electric heaters, high-quality stainless and galvanized alloys are used, which guarantees excellent environmental performance. Such stoves provide uniform, quick heating of the air and are controlled by a remote control, which can be either built-in or remote.

Very convenient models of electric heaters with a pre-installed steam generator are available for sale. The presence of such a device allows you to use the steam room both as a Finnish sauna and as a Russian bath.

Among the specific manufacturers of electric furnace sauna equipment, the brands HELO, Harvia, and SAWO can be noted. Their products are stable high quality, excellent functionality and excellent design.

Finnish electric heater - grid

Prices for stoves

stove stove

The benefits of a Finnish sauna

A visit to the Finnish sauna allows you to count on many positive consequences.

Function normalization of cardio-vascular system. In accordance with the average data, entering the sauna gives the same load as jogging. There is a strengthening of the heart muscle and the respiratory system, resulting in improved oxygen supply to all organs and tissues, which contributes to the restoration of health.
Treatment and prevention of colds affecting respiratory system. Dry air in a Finnish sauna has a healing effect on the lungs and bronchi, stimulating the blood supply to the respiratory tract.
Help in the fight against excess weight. First of all, in the sauna, excess fluid and all kinds of toxins are removed from the body. In addition, regular visits to the sauna enhance metabolic processes. Due to the rapid blood flow, there is an intensification of energy expenditure, which simply does not allow fat to be deposited.
Improving the condition of the skin. The pores open, toxins come out, dead cells are eliminated.
Purification of toxins and toxins. In the sauna, they intensively come out with sweat.
Muscle recovery. Experts recommend going to the sauna after physical exertion, training, etc.
Getting rid of stress, recovery after severe fatigue.
General relaxation, restoration of vitality, the return of peace and joy.

Sauna contraindications

Of course, the Finnish sauna is of great benefit, however, there are a number of contraindications regarding its visit.

Infectious diseases.
Increased body temperature.
Chronic diseases in the acute stage.
Certain diseases of the cardiovascular system.
Oncology.

Remember - in the sauna, the load on the heart increases

If you have any kind of health problems, before going to the bath, be sure to consult with your doctor.

The list of relative contraindications (if any, you can go to the sauna only after receiving approval from a doctor) includes:

advanced (more than 60 years) age;
the presence of chronic inflammatory diseases, prone to frequent relapses or exacerbations;
diseases of the genitourinary system;
hypertension.

Children under 4 years of age are not allowed to use the sauna. Seniors - only after a preliminary consultation with a doctor.

Important excerpts from bath etiquette

To make going to the sauna as pleasant and of high quality as possible, you need to follow a few simple rules. About them in the table.

Table. Rules good manners in the bath

Recommendations	Explanations
	First, take a large towel, a special bath cap and flip flops with you. You will sit or lie on a towel, a hat will protect you from overheating. Secondly, if there are strangers in the sauna, take a sheet - you will turn around with it. If there is no one to be embarrassed about, bathe naked - this is as useful as possible.
	If there are no health problems and you are generally well, you can go to the sauna whenever you want. But watch the condition of your skin: use moisturizers after the steam room to prevent overdrying of the covers.
	Face masks can be used in the steam room. Usually, a scrub is applied first, followed by a moisturizer. In general, you can use various natural substances, such as fresh vegetables and sour cream, but it is better to trust professional bath cosmetics from good manufacturers.
	Before and after visiting the bath, one should not eat heavy food and drink alcohol. Beer is also banned. Recommended among drinks green tea, kvass, fruit drink.
	Properly selected scents will allow you to get rid of stress, improve your mood, relax and have a good rest. To create a fragrant atmosphere in the sauna, you can pour a small amount of decoctions of herbs, kvass, etc. on the stones. For example, mint decoction will improve mood, and pine needles will relieve signs of overwork.
	There are several of them: Do not go to the steam room hungry and overeaten; When sitting on the top shelf, do not hang your legs down; With no experience or with health problems, sit on the lower shelves; Don't drink alcohol; Don't have sex in the steam room.

Good luck with your visit to the Finnish bath and good health!

Video - Sauna using Finnish technology

Many nations have their own culture of visiting the bath complex. Those who are interested in their exotic varieties should pay attention to such an option as a Finnish sauna. If you want to build this complex, you should first familiarize yourself with its features and construction technology.

What is a Finnish sauna

The construction of a sauna in Finland has always been considered the sacred duty of every owner. She gave good mood and well-being.

A feature of Finnish saunas is the heating of the air up to 140 degrees and low level humidity (only 5-15%). This makes it easier to endure high temperatures.

The Finnish sauna does not allow splashing water on the stones. Otherwise, the resulting steam will be harmful to health at such high temperatures.

In the construction of Finnish saunas, electric stoves, heaters, and sometimes infrared heaters are used.

The walls of the steam room are necessarily upholstered with wood; essential oils are used in the process of receiving procedures.

The complex of these actions has a relaxing effect on the human body and restores its vital energy.

Construction of a sauna

Recently, the construction of bath complexes in your home and even in apartments has become very popular. For each type of dwelling use its own version of this room.

As for the Finns themselves, in their country there are 2 million saunas for 5 million people. They are built in apartments and basements of houses for several families.

In our country, this type of bath is also quite in demand.

The construction of Finnish saunas should be made from quality materials. This will not only extend the service life of the complex, but will also have a beneficial effect on human health and well-being. Poor-quality building materials, on the contrary, will harm people in the bath.

Due to the high cost of building a Finnish sauna project with the participation of construction companies, many decide to create it on their own.

Having studied the technology of the process, anyone can create such a miracle as a Finnish sauna or bath.

Sauna materials

In order for the bathhouse to serve for the benefit of its owners for a long time, you should choose high-quality building materials.

Finnish sauna projects allow the use of a wide variety of materials:

The main properties that a material for a bath should have are high strength, good heat and vapor barrier qualities.

Therefore, wood is ideal for a Finnish sauna. Rocks that do not emit resins when heated are used. Such requirements also apply to the wood used for the construction of shelves in the steam room.

Resins released during heating can cause burns if it comes into contact with the skin. It is better to use hardwoods.

The construction of Finnish saunas also involves the choice of special glass for the door. This material does not require special care and meets all the requirements of a steam room.

Glass for sauna doors retains heat well and is resistant to high temperatures, splashes of water from the steam room. A variety of presented shades of this material allows you to create the most suitable image of the room.

The lighting in the bath should be subdued. Therefore, special shades for lamps should be used. They can also be made from wood.

When choosing the necessary building materials for the construction and design of the sauna, it is necessary to observe the integrity of the image of the complex. It should be relaxing, relaxing.

Initial construction stage

When building a bath yourself, you must follow a clear sequence. Compliance with technology is the basis for the proper functioning of such a complex as a Finnish sauna. A bathhouse built incorrectly will cause discomfort to its visitors from the very first minutes, and the healing effect will be reduced to zero.

Even the little things matter. The order of construction is carried out according to a certain scheme.

Initially, the floor of the steam room is equipped. It is allowed to use wood for this. However, this is not best material for the sauna floor. It cannot be varnished. And without treatment, the durability of wood in wet conditions is reduced.

The best flooring in the bath is a tile. It will be durable and practical, as well as meeting all sanitary and hygienic requirements.

After that, the frame is assembled.

According to the scheme calculated in accordance with the dimensions of the bath, the installation of the box is carried out. To do this, use wooden combs, nylon dowels, screws.

The ceiling frame is assembled by connecting the timber.

Provision is made for the installation of doors.

The main stage of construction

The high humidity and temperature of the Finnish sauna aggressively affect the wiring. Its installation is carried out in accordance with enhanced security measures. For this, heat-resistant wiring with double insulating material is used.

Next, thermal insulation is installed on the frame. If the material chosen for these purposes does not provide for the presence of foil, it must be attached independently. It will create a "thermos effect" in the steam room.

After that, the crate is made in increments of 40 cm.

For external mounting, ordinary steel nails are used. Inside, the Finnish sauna involves the use of special profiles that will not allow the boards to disperse in the future. You can fasten them with ordinary metal nails to the tongue, but their caps must be closed with a comb.

Arrangement of a sauna

Much attention is paid to the sauna heater. This is her heart. The stones in the stove should be rounded and smooth, which will ensure proper air circulation in the room.

The steam room must be equipped with ventilation, which consists of an exhaust and supply opening with valves.

In a sauna, you can't do without a thermometer to control the temperature and a hydrometer to measure the level of humidity.

You should also provide hours to comply with the mode of stay in a steam room.

Infrared sauna

It is difficult to attribute this type of sauna to a bath. This is just a small cabin, which is used to relax and improve the body.

If the space in the house does not allow the construction of a whole steam room complex, an infrared sauna will be the way out. The Finnish bath differs from it in the principle of creating heat. In the first variant, the air temperature is relatively low, since the principle " solar heat". The infrared energy elements of the Finnish sauna heat objects, but not the air. Like the sun in spring.

Classical temperature regime Finnish sauna also heats the air.

Thanks to the use of infrared rays, even the deep levels of the dermis are warmed up, which affects the body. This is how the healing effect of this type of sauna is produced.

Sauna harm

There are certain contraindications for visiting the bath.

Being a wellness complex, Finnish saunas can be harmful to health if used incorrectly.

If a person has chronic or severe diseases, you should consult a doctor about the advisability of visiting a steam room.

The harm of the Finnish sauna will be noticeable for people with diseases such as high blood pressure, tuberculosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, urolithiasis, nervous disorders.

The bath will also harm if the rules for visiting it are not followed. While in the steam room, it is necessary to protect your head with a scarf or a special hat. Benches should be covered with your own sheet.

The body of each person has individual characteristics. The influence of the sauna on him is also unique. There are cases when regular visits to the steam room helped to cure even the most serious illnesses.

You should experiment with your own well-being under the strict supervision of a doctor, having contraindications to such procedures.

Sauna Benefits

well-known positive influence Finnish sauna is to cleanse the skin and subcutaneous layers of dirt and toxins through profuse sweating. Deep dirt is not easy to remove with ordinary washing.

The benefits of the Finnish sauna are relevant for people who often and for a long time suffer from colds. With regular visits to the steam room, immunity is strengthened, prevention and treatment of infectious diseases of the respiratory tract occurs at the initial stages.

Sauna speeds up metabolism, thanks to which you can remove overweight weight. The condition of the skin improves.

The dry heat of the Finnish sauna is useful for cardiovascular diseases in moderate stages, diseases of the genitourinary system, liver and skin diseases.

The benefits of a sauna with a competent and responsible visit to it is to improve well-being, as well as restore the energy and metabolic balance of the body.

The harmony of the physical and mental state that a Finnish sauna gives a person helps to cope with adverse influences environment, relieve stress and cleanse the body.

A properly built sauna will last long enough and fruitfully for the health benefits of its owners.

Our site is dedicated to modern bath complexes that meet all the requirements of visitors. Here in a few minutes you will find a list of services that suits you and your friends. All institutions are divided into certain sections and criteria by which visitors can easily navigate. Modern saunas are multi-storey establishments with several types of steam rooms, spacious living rooms, lounges with beautiful furniture. The range of services is very diverse: from traditional wellness treatments to exotic vaping programs and unusual species massage.

Now inexpensive Finnish saunas enjoy almost the same popularity as Russian baths, despite their difference from each other. They use dry air high temperature(up to almost 100 degrees), even steam supply with brooms is not required, but they can also be relevant for such a steam room. Benefits of a Finnish steam room Undoubtedly: metabolism improves, weight normalizes, slags and toxins are removed from the body. After a hard physical activity or a workout at the gym, it will come in handy, because dry steam removes lactic acid and relieves muscle pain.

The ceilings in Finnish saunas are made lower, there is constant ventilation. Since you will sweat a lot in the steam room, you can be calm: you will endure low humidity well. Moreover, they are waiting for you water procedures. Rent a Finnish sauna became much easier. Refresh yourself in a cold shower or pool with a Jacuzzi, in more elite establishments a cold font is offered. Hardening procedures are also available there. On this site, you can choose aromatherapy and even spa therapy, pick up the necessary services such as secure parking.

Most saunas have a banquet hall, a restaurant or a bar with delicious dishes. different cuisines, a brazier is provided. You are given the opportunity to relax in full, to combine business with pleasure. Restore strength and energy in one of the bath complexes of our city. You can find out the location and calculate the best route using a special Yandex map.

With a lot of advantages of the Russian bath, its Finnish counterpart has its own advantages. It is necessary to approach its creation thoroughly and clearly in order to avoid mistakes in design and construction. Consider the features of Finnish baths and the choice of stove.

What it is?

Both Finnish and Russian baths are subject to the same task: they are designed to cleanse the body, relax in a calm environment. But the Scandinavian tradition implies that the air in the bath room should warm up to 70 - 100 degrees, while its humidity cannot be more than 20%. This combination will help you feel real pleasure, as well as get rid of physical fatigue, easily cleanse the pores of the skin, opening them.

Difference from Russian

The Finnish bathhouse is the hottest and driest among all national analogues of buildings. Its usual state is warming up to 90 - 100 degrees. You should not be afraid of any negative consequences. If there are no medical contraindications, low humidity will allow you to calmly endure such exposure. The Russian approach is different: the air in such a room is humid. Sitting or lying on the upper shelves, it will not warm up to more than 80 degrees. There is nothing surprising in this, the humidity and temperature in the baths should be inversely proportional.

If the heating of the air in the Finnish bath reaches the boiling point, and the humidity rises to 25% (only 1⁄4 more than the maximum permissible value), burns of the mucous membranes will inevitably appear. And if the conditions turn out to be worse, in addition, help is provided too late, then a lung burn can be obtained, a fatal outcome is possible. It is for this reason that stones in a Finnish bath should not be watered, except perhaps in microscopic doses to improve dry air or the need to give it some kind of aroma. The slightest mistake can increase the humidity of the air to a critical, life-threatening value.

Device Features

To guarantee the special parameters of the Finnish bath, you have to make it according to an unusual pattern (not like the Russian one). Stones are not placed inside the furnace, they are placed on its surface. As a result, the room warms up faster, but also cools down too quickly. The stoves themselves are also different. The Russian tradition implies heaters in which it burns solid fuel. The Scandinavian approach relies on electric hearths.

Floor

They begin to equip the sauna from the floor, then move to the ceiling, the final stage is work with the walls. It is not advisable to decorate the floor with wood: it rots too quickly. Only for rarely visited baths can be preferred wood flooring, and then only from the most resistant to water and heat rocks. More often as floor covering choose a tile, pour under it concrete base. Through the pit, the water is redirected to the pouring pipe (the hole should be with a slope of 1 - 2 degrees).

Clinker tiles are better than the ceramic variety, they do not slip even when wet. On the walls and ceiling, lining is mainly applied. Linden gives an attractive pinkish color, aromatizes the room well, it is quite durable. Abashi (hardwood) is expensive, but does not contain a single knot or resin pocket. This wood is relatively light and does not burn the skin when heated strongly. The cedar array also has its advantages. These include:

ease of machining;
zero risk of rotting and clogging by fungus;
pleasant appearance and luxurious aroma;
medicinal properties.

It is not recommended to use larch: there are too many resins in it, which create an increased load on the body during evaporation. Aspen is relatively cheap and can last for many years, which makes it a decent solution in the economy class.

Walls and ventilation

The walls are often finished with Canadian and Baltic spruce. When choosing wood, it is recommended to use areas that do not contain resin inclusions. About a sixth of the entire varietal tree is suitable for work, and only from the lower part of the trunk, with the exception of the butt. Heat-treated wood is better suited for walls, its service life increases markedly.

Whatever wood is used in the sauna, its qualities can only be manifested if the other requirements for the construction are fulfilled with high quality. Among them, ventilation occupies an important place. It is quite a logical step to use a bastu-type system, since the Finnish bath needs to be ventilated only at the moment when it warms up. The blower of the furnace maintains air circulation during the entire procedure. In the least hot rooms, simple natural air circulation can be enough to maintain a pleasant microclimate.

Furnace selection

To visit the steam room brought only joy, you need to choose the right stove for the sauna. Most electric heaters are made from high grade stainless or galvanized steel. Due to this, the environmental and sanitary indicators of structures are always at high level. Such stoves can quickly warm up the air; remote controls (built into the case or separate) are used to control them. It is worth paying attention to versions that have a built-in steam generator, which allows you not to be limited to the traditional Finnish regime (you can steam like in a Russian bath).

As for manufacturers, the first lines of the rating are occupied by products from: Helo, Harvia, Sawo. The quality of the products of these three firms is stable, and the involvement of leading designers allows you to create a unique look. If the goal is to choose a wood-burning stove, you need to focus on products made of expensive steel grades containing a significant amount of chromium. Due to this additive, the structures are distinguished by increased resistance to heat, serve for a very long time and do not fail consumers.

Firm "Castor" produces furnace bodies with a thickness of 0.5 - 0.8 cm, and the device is capable of reaching an efficiency of 70% (subject to the rules of circulation). They can seriously compete with products manufactured under the brand name "Harvia", the furnaces of which are cast iron, and the body is made on the basis of laminated steel. The emission of gaseous waste is 80% less (this will please connoisseurs of ecology).

The Finnish sauna stove must be equipped with a convection casing. Only such a device allows you to provide the necessary speed of heating the air. It must circulate continuously, otherwise it is not possible to maintain the very regime that glorified the Finnish baths. To prevent burns and attenuate harsh radiation, users have two options: installing special stone-filled meshes around the stoves, and cladding the entire surface of the hull with carefully selected stone slabs.

Projects

The project must be drawn up necessarily, there are no trifles in it. A Finnish barrel-type sauna can even be made by hand. First you need to select boards (spruce or pine 9 cm wide and 4.5 cm thick). In most cases, the dimensions range from 250 to 400 - 450 cm, Exact size determined by the required capacity of the structure. As a base, it is necessary to use strong coniferous beams, connected for the highest strength. When laying the floor, you need to create a slight slope, with which the water will drain better.

Be sure to provide openings for the entry of electrical wires. More often in Finnish baths, a roof made of shingles attached with nails and glued inside. It is important to think about waterproofing and additional roofing from the inside to make it look more attractive. But it's not enough to make good project, you need to choose a quality timber, because attempts to save on materials will result in additional problems. As for beauty, you should be guided by your own taste.

The subtleties of the building

Building a sauna with a terrace is not so difficult. The roof can be made with two unequal slopes, internal insulation. For a structure measuring 7.65 x 7.65 sq. m should focus on the following parameters:

roofing from flexible tiles;
heating system;
preparation of steam and washing;
allocation of a toilet and a rest room;
separate technical room;
a foundation with a shallow depth of tape type (over a pillow of sand);
lining of the basement and chimney with natural stone;
closing of ventilation openings with decorative grilles;

The main structural material is glued laminated timber with a polished outer side. Rolls are used as insulating material. mineral wool(10 cm thick). For thermal insulation of the ceiling and walls of the washing, steam room, aluminum foil is chosen. There is no need to create ceilings in other rooms: there they are successfully replaced by rafter sheathing. This decision will help to make the space in the bath more, make it original. The floor is laid from natural wood, an exception is made only for the washing room, where they perform a full-fledged warm floor on a foam concrete base.

To build a Finnish bath in the house is no worse than in an offline version. However, you will have to create a smaller steam room than usual, since it must keep the temperature long time and not use a lot of fuel. The furnace will have to be heated constantly and intensely, which is bad for its performance and service life. In most cases, the bath in the house is made no more than 6 square meters. m. If you properly equip the steam room, 3-4 people will be able to visit it at the same time.

The ceiling is placed at a height of approximately 200 cm: this will withstand optimal proportion with doorways. The upper shelves should be about 1 m below the ceiling, the lower ones are trying to make it narrower. The sauna in the house is always made without windows, as lighting fixtures use a sconce. Some designers recommend choosing lighting systems designed for relaxation. nervous system. Walls are best created from timber or logs. For ceilings, beams of a small section are chosen, spaced 0.65 - 0.85 m apart. The floor in a home sauna is usually formed from three layers:

bitumen-based felt;
cement screeds;
tiles or ceramic tiles.

When selecting tiles, you need to pay attention to the fact that they slide as little as possible. To do this, when buying, it is necessary to select a material with anti-slip, which is distinguished by a rough or slightly embossed surface texture. The hood opening is made 0.3 m lower than the ceiling level. The cold air inlet is required to be arranged opposite the outlet. Regardless of this, the sauna built into the house will not allow you to use the pool. There is simply no right place for him. However, neither the floor nor the ventilation will help maintain a good microclimate if the wrong stones are used in the stove.

jade;
diabase;
crimson quartzite;
vulcanite.

To simplify the work, you can purchase a fully finished Finnish bath, which is made from a vertical beam and wooden shield with thermal and steam insulation. However, the size of a typical block is not always suitable for a particular house.

Benefits and safety

It is not enough just to build a Finnish bath and equip it: a steam room of this kind requires unusual handling. You can not use brooms, it is only allowed to sit and relax as much as possible. Honey masks, scrubs and moisturizers for the skin are acceptable, but nothing more. If you apply even a careful blow with a birch broom, you can provoke a skin burn.

Usually, visitors to Finnish baths take a shower without soap and other detergents, and when they enter the steam room, they sit down and relax. The first entry is limited to a maximum of 5 minutes, even for healthy and physically fit people. You can not take this time as a kind of norm. If negative sensations arose earlier, it is time to immediately leave the steam room and go to the dressing room. In the first minutes you need to stand under a cool shower or plunge into the pool.

The primordially Russian banya, so beloved and familiar to us, has its analogues in other countries.

Turkish hamams, Japanese sentos, ancient Roman baths - all of them are unique baths in their own way and have their own ancient traditions. However, the closest analogue, not only in design and purpose, but also in spirit, is the Finnish sauna.

The popularity of the sauna in Finland is due to the same reasons as in Russia, the main of which is, of course, the harsh climate.

Helpful information:

The so-called "Finnish bath" in Russia has little in common with a real Finnish sauna. The Finnish sauna in Russian is an extremely dry room with incredibly hot air (1000C - 1400C), a hot dry-air bath. The combination of high temperature and dry air makes such a steam room more comfortable and less tiring for the human body. However, the Finns also love to give in to the park and take a steam bath with a broom, just like the Russians, and this, of course, makes these types of baths related.

The history of the sauna

Modern Finnish saunas are a combination of traditional dry Roman baths and wet Russian village baths. Free-standing saunas are built, as in the old days, exclusively from wood, mainly coniferous species (pine, spruce).

They have the most modern thermal, steam and waterproofing and are built on a solid foundation. Increasingly, saunas are using electric stoves to provide the necessary heat, but many Finns still believe that a real sauna is only a sauna with a stone stove.

As well as the Russian bath, the sauna has a dressing room and a steam room. Besides, public saunas made their own adjustments to the layout of the traditional free-standing Finnish sauna, and now the Finnish bath project can consist not only of a waiting room and a steam room, but also include a separate washing room.

The room of a real Finnish sauna should not be too large. For an ordinary family, a steam room measuring 5-6 m2 is quite enough. Apartment saunas, which many Finns have in their homes, sometimes look more like an ordinary closet than a full-fledged steam room. Saunas are built as easily and quickly as Russian or metal baths.

Interesting! Along with electric stoves, Finnish wood-fired sauna stoves are still common. Experienced lovers of a wood-burning sauna can even smell the wood from which the firewood burning in the stove was prepared.

Behavior in the sauna

For Finns, visiting a sauna is a whole ritual, a special sacred rite. Violent entertainment, drinking alcohol, noise, din and screams in the sauna are strictly prohibited. "Anger and hatred burn in the sauna" - Finnish folk wisdom says not by chance. There you should relax both in body and soul, rest from the hustle and bustle of the surrounding world.

Sauna lover's advice: Going to the steam room in the sauna, the hair should be dry, it is advisable to wrap it in a towel. In no case should you wet your hair - this can provoke a heat stroke. The body should also be dried.

The sauna, like any other national bath, has its own rules of conduct. Arriving, you should not immediately climb onto the highest shelf. First you need to prepare your body for exposure to high temperatures - warm up, sweat a little. After the body gets used to the conditions, you can give in to the park and take a good steam bath using a birch broom.

Staying in the steam room for more than 10 minutes is undesirable. Having visited the steam room in the sauna, it is vital to refresh yourself by diving into a cool pool or lake.

Sauna lover's advice: When entering the steam room, be sure to lay a towel on the bench. This must be done not only for reasons of ensuring the proper level of hygiene, but also in order not to burn yourself. Even wooden benches in the Finnish sauna can be heated to a scalding high temperature.

As well as before visiting the Russian bath, before going to the sauna you should not eat heavily or drink alcohol - this can have a bad effect on your well-being and lead to unpredictable consequences.

Effects of the sauna on the body

Sauna is a powerful healing tool that has been used by Finns for centuries to treat various diseases. The healing effect of the Finnish sauna is explained by the stimulating effect of the inhaled hot air.

Once in the body, such air warms up the mucous membranes, activates their blood supply and speeds up the metabolism. The pores of the skin are opened, and due to the strong diaphoretic effect, a significant amount of toxins are removed.

Sauna activates the activity of the cardiovascular system, relaxes the neuromuscular apparatus, activates the protective functions of the body and contributes to weight loss and the fight against cellulite.

Sauna lover's advice: Before visiting, you should consult with your doctor. Dry air at high temperatures has a number of contraindications and can exacerbate certain diseases.

Contraindications for visiting:

high blood pressure (stages 3 and 4);
chronic inflammatory diseases kidneys;
epilepsy and other diseases, the course of which is accompanied by seizures;
acute viral and inflammatory diseases;
thyroid disease.

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