Some gardeners seriously believe that the garden will produce excellent fruit without special treatments for diseases and pests. This is wrong! The infection is fast. First you lose in crops, then you lose trees. In the end, the whole garden may die. The real owner must know what to do in order to protect fruit trees, berries from diseases and other misfortunes.

Insecticides are substances that kill insects or other small pests. The substances of these drugs are of three types - depending on the mode of their action. Contact insecticides kill pests on contact. These agents are used against sucking insects (aphids and bedbugs).

Insecticides applied to the leaves form a film that is poisonous to insects. They are used against leaf-eating caterpillars. These substances can be used after contact insecticides. Drawback: They are washed away by rain.

Systemic insecticides penetrate the plant and spread with cell sap to all parts of it. They are used against sucking insects and some caterpillars.

Fungicides are pesticides that are needed to combat disease-causing fungi. They are ineffective against bacterial infections. There are two main types of these funds, which are used depending on the nature and stage of the lesion. Preventive fungicides form a film on the plant surface that kills fungal spores. The first spraying is preferably carried out before signs of the disease appear.

Systemic fungicides penetrate the plant and are carried along with the juices. They are more effective than those of preventive action, since they penetrate into all parts of the plant.

In the processing of the garden, I have my own system. In the spring, as soon as the snow melts (around the end of March), I spray the bushes of black and red currants, gooseberries. I use any insecticides (I buy the most inexpensive ones - Inta-vir, Decid, etc.). And before flowering, I spray the plants from diseases with a red solution of potassium permanganate, adding Topaz and iodine to it.

The main treatment is with the onset of swelling of the kidneys. I spray with a three percent solution of Bordeaux crown liquid fruit trees. If it rains after that, repeat the treatment. After flowering, I carry out two or three protective treatments with Horus and Skor preparations. They must be alternated.

At the first appearance of pests (aphids, caterpillars, beetles), it is recommended to spray trees and shrubs with a solution of one of the pesticides (Danadim, Iskra, Decis, Inta-vir). It is especially necessary to ensure that the plants are not captured by the sucker (a white worm with a black head, its length is 3 mm and thickness is 1 mm). The pest loves to live in the buds of flowers, sucking out their juice, which is why the flowers turn yellow and crumble. In most orchards, it is the sucker, and not the weevil, as they say in the books, that destroys the crop of apples and pears. To combat it, at the beginning and end (before blooming flowers) of budding, sprinkle the buds with one of the above preparations.

I want to warn you that with all spraying, it is necessary to add to the solution liquid soap(50-100 g per 10 liters of water) to form a good foam. This is done so that pesticides adhere better and are not washed off so quickly by rain, dew and fog.

At the first signs of the appearance of scab on apple and pear trees (brown and black spots on the leaves), they should be sprinkled with the Skor preparation. At the first signs of coccomycosis disease ( brown spots on the leaves of cherries and sweet cherries), clasterosporiasis (the same spots on the leaves of plums, cherry plums, apricots, terry almonds) or moniliosis (drying of flowers and twigs in stone fruits), plants should be sprinkled with copper-containing preparations, such as copper oxychloride or others.

When dealing with pests and diseases, the main thing is to follow two rules. It is necessary to start spraying at the first sign of diseases and pests, otherwise it will be difficult to cope with them. Be sure to add liquid soap to the solution.

So that the gooseberries do not get sick with powdery mildew, I spray the bushes once before and after flowering with a Topaz solution. If the plants have already begun to get sick with powdery mildew ( white coating on the branches, the ends of which turn black), then they must be sprayed every three days (at least five times) with a solution of the same preparation. The affected ends of the branches must be cut off. If the disease reappears, then the gooseberry must be treated until the powdery mildew disappears forever. Nevertheless, every year in the spring it is necessary to process the bushes in the manner described above. Do not spray - get white, almost inedible berries.

We make hand sanitizer for wood.

When I was looking for information on this issue, I found only about bitumen, its heating and application. Will someone be truss system impregnated with heated bitumen? And if we are talking about a tree that will be in the ground, then it is easier to saturate it with used engine oil - in any car service they will be happy to hand you (or maybe hand ☺) the required amount - only your own container!

SENEZH Fire-bio does not protect from the appearance of fungus, mold and other nasty things, for nothing, which costs 1550 rubles / 25 liters. I can send a photo - they made a gazebo in SNT "Artist" in 2012. In 2014, the owner calls and says that moldy covered the whole gazebo. I came and got 25,000 rubles and 5 days of work for two carpenters - to dismantle everything, clean it (and we also covered it with yacht varnish - it grows right under the varnish), soak it with anti-mold, then with decorative impregnation.

Instruction:

We take a canister of 25 liters.

We buy iron vitriol (protects against the appearance of mold, fungus, moss, and, if available, kills) 100 gr. - on the market 70 rubles.

and potassium permanganate (for color) 10 gr. - in a pharmacy 50 rubles (water-based color can also be used).

We breed for 20 liters (not a typo - for 20 liters).

Stir and apply with a brush or roller (faster).

The price of such an antiseptic is 120 rubles + 20 liters of tap water (since we were forced to install meters, we will take 1 ruble / 1 liter, i.e. 20 rubles). TOTAL 160 rubles for 20 liters!!!

Why did I write this - I'm tired of the fact that they are trying to “divorce” us for money everywhere!

P.S. And one more thing: bleaches for wood are made on the basis of chlorine - it also costs not 500 rubles / 5 liters like Senezh EFFO. I'll try to make it with my own hands, I'll write.

Sincerely, Shchelkov Anton.

wood pickling- This is the process of staining wood with special stains, as a result of which it acquires more beautiful colour(for example, walnut, or ebony).

Hardwoods are more susceptible to pickling than others. And if you pickle conifers, then this can not always give the desired effect.

There are two ways in which deep toning is achieved:

1. Hand staining. In this case, a swab or an old paint brush is used. For a tampon, a linen fabric is suitable, which should not leave fibers on the treated surface.

2. Soaking in pickle. There is no set time limit for curing wood in a stain. The fact is that it depends on the specific tree species, as well as on its moisture content and thickness. Therefore, be guided by your own impression of the resulting color.

Before you pickle the wood, dampen it a little.

All compositions for stain etching are divided into three groups. We list them and describe the basic principles of working with them.

1. Wood stains water based. They are bred as written on the package. Before you begin, be sure to check the tone on an unnecessary piece of wood. After all, if you make the tone lighter than necessary, then this can be quickly corrected. But a darker tone is unlikely to be lightened. Coat the floor before applying the stain. Old newspapers are suitable for this. The stain must be applied with a brush in the direction in which the wood fibers are located. Slightly tilt the furniture or its element and start painting from top to bottom. At the same time, so that the composition does not lie in spots, you should not take a lot of stain on the brush.

2. Oily stains. This variety is applied to wood, after which the furniture should dry out within a day. To make the tone darker, the stain is applied again. When the wood is completely dry, you need to sand it with a fine sandpaper. Then wipe the surface with a cloth dipped in turpentine.

3. Homemade stains. The result from home-made stains is no worse than the action of purchased ones. At the same time, their huge advantage is lower cost. Next, we will talk about how you can make your own stains. One general rule: Paint is added to water, not water to paint!

All etchants are very toxic, so use special clothing and rubber gloves for protection. Well, if you will be in a respirator.

So. Mordants are called dyes necessary for deep toning. There are enough of them. These are copper and iron vitriol, potassium and sodium chromium peaks, potassium permanganate, copper sulfate and chloride, calcium chloride, ammonia, alum, ferrous sulfate and chloride, zinc sulfate and others.

Potassium permanganate good for enhancing the brown or brown color of wood. If you make a mixture of potassium permanganate and magnesium sulfate in equal proportions, you get the best dye. This mixture must be diluted hot water. Thanks to dyes based on potassium permanganate, the wood is first painted in cherry, and then in Brown color. Be aware of one subtlety: under the influence sunlight wood painted in this way brightens.

• If you want to stain the sliced ​​veneer in blue or black, then it must be soaked in an infusion of iron powder and oak sawdust. To achieve such an interesting effect, you will need to wait 5-6 days.
• Gonna get blue wood? Then you take nitric acid diluted with water and pour copper filings into it. Bring this mixture to a boil and watch the copper filings dissolve. Allow the resulting composition to cool and dilute it in equal proportions with water. When you finish soaking the wood, treat it liberally with a solution of baking soda. /li>
• For creating brown stains for oak, walnut or mahogany will need crystals of potassium permanganate, Vandyke brown or walnut pigment. They can be purchased at specialty stores. The crystals dissolve in warm water.

Aniline paints needed to obtain various shades of brown. They are sold in powder form and are highly soluble in water, oil or turpentine. To make a dark stain, you need to mix Bismarck brown and Vandyke brown paint. To do this, dilute each paint in warm water. In each of the solutions add a drop of vinegar and 7 ml of glue. After that, mix them and look at the shade: if you need a shade lighter, then add more water.

Thanks to blue vitriol the oak takes on a gray-blue tint, and the tone of the mahogany is muted. Dilute crystals blue vitriol in water and cover the wood. The peculiarity of copper sulphate is that the effect of its impact is manifested only after the wood has dried.

Ammonia makes oak wood even darker. For this purpose, 88% ammonia is suitable. It is necessary to work with it with extreme caution, it is better to fresh air. Remember that the ammonia-based mixture loses its properties after an hour, so work quickly and do not knead a large amount of the mixture at once. In general, adding a drop of ammonia to any stain is helpful for better adhesion of the paint to the wood.

At the end of the work, be sure to check that the color tone is uniform. In no case should there be unpainted places. That is why the stain is applied in a place that is well lit. Ideally, work in daylight.

The process of etching wood ends with a layer of varnish, polishing or waxing. It already depends only on your desire.

Wood stain is a special tinting compound that is used to treat wood, as well as fiberboard, chipboard and other similar materials. With its help, you can create the desired shade, as well as additionally protect the natural array from pests, premature destruction. There are many such compositions on the market. If you wish, you can make wood stain with your own hands.

Varieties

Before considering how to make a tinting composition for wood materials with your own hands, you need to consider the varieties that are most actively used today in the course of such work. All stains are divided into types according to the type of their base. They can be:

• water;
• alcohol;
• oil;
• acrylic;
• wax.

Each of these materials has a certain set of characteristics. So, one of the most common varieties are water stains for wood. It is easy to make such a composition with your own hands. To do this, purchase a dry powder and dilute it in water. You can also buy ready-to-use liquid composition.

safe for humans and environment are precisely water stains for wood. With your own hands, such compositions can be prepared in a matter of seconds. Dry powder dissolves quickly in water. The stain is suitable for both outdoor and for internal works. At the same time, the palette of shades is diverse. It can be a tone from light gray to dark red.

The disadvantage of aqueous varieties of stains is their limited scope. For resinous rocks, such impregnation is not suitable. Otherwise, ugly spots appear on the surface of the wood.

Also, when stained with aqueous compounds, one can observe how the fibers natural material rise. This allows you to emphasize the texture, but at the same time the wood will become more susceptible to moisture.

Alcohol, oil base

How to make wood stain with your own hands? First you need to determine what effect is planned to be achieved when using a stain (the so-called stain). If you need to ensure that the impregnation dries quickly, it is best to use alcohol varieties for these purposes. They are also sold in powdered or prepared form.

The coloring composition in this case penetrates deeply into the structure of the array. Literally in half an hour the stain dries up. To apply such a wood stain with your own hands, an airbrush is used. If you use a brush, ugly spots and stains may appear. This is due to the rapid drying of alcohol.

Wood after such treatment becomes unaffected by moisture, as well as ultraviolet radiation. The disadvantage is the pungent smell and the need to use an airbrush.

Also during finishing works oil stain is used. It is quite easy to apply it with your own hands. In this case, you can paint the wood in almost any color. There are two types of oil stains:

• pigment - creates a uniform shade, hides the structure of the material;
• impregnating - paints the array from the inside, emphasizing the natural texture.

Oil-based stain dries not as fast as alcohol-based varieties. But this property makes it easy to use. You can apply this tool on the surface with a regular brush. In this case, the layer will be uniform, and the fibers will not rise. The film on the surface is not formed, which allows the wood to breathe. This circumstance significantly extends its service life. To prepare such a stain, you need white spirit. This solvent is diluted with a thick viscous base.

Wax and acrylic stains

Another variety is wax stain for wood. It is quite easy to apply it with your own hands. At the same time, the presented variety is often used in the processes of restoration of old wooden surfaces. If there are spots on the coating, differences in shades that have appeared over time, the wax composition will completely equalize them. However, the differences in shades should be small. Otherwise, they will still be visible.

Wax stain creates a protective film on the surface of the material that will repel moisture. Therefore, such compositions are used even in wet rooms. Also, when finishing or restoring the floor, it is desirable to use wax-based stains. If water accidentally spills onto the surface during cleaning, it will not saturate the structure of the finish.

But it is worth remembering that the wax film is subject to mechanical stress. Therefore, it is also covered on top with a layer of varnish. Such a tandem will ensure the durability of the shade, preventing moisture, scratches, and other adverse effects from damaging the wood surface.

Acrylic varieties of stains are distinguished by a rich color palette. For example, you can choose a shade from rich burgundy black to light tone. Natural brown, honey, red and gray wood stains are especially popular in interior design. It is easy to apply such a composition with your own hands. The texture of the natural array is emphasized. Acrylic and wax compositions are also called rustic.

herbal ingredients

It is quite possible to make a stain with your own hands. Cooking recipes are varied. They may include herbal ingredients. Plants create a variety of shades:

• Reddish orange. This shade is obtained by using onion peel. This composition is suitable for light wood species. A strong decoction is brewed from the husk. Water stain is applied with a brush in pure form or added to aqueous formulations of brown shades.
• Reddish. This shade is obtained by using a decoction of larch bark. Most often it is used for processing birch.
• Brown. A decoction is prepared from the shell walnut. The shell should rot a little, and then it is dried under a canopy. The material is collected and crushed to a powder state in a mortar. It is added to boiling water and insisted, filtered and a pinch of soda is added. A gray tint will be obtained if, after applying such a stain, cover the surface of the wood with acetic acid.
• Black stain for wood. With your own hands, the composition is created from the bark of oak or alder.
• Brown honey. The shade is obtained from a decoction of willow and oak bark, as well as alder catkins and walnut shells. All ingredients are ground and added to cold water. A teaspoon of soda is also poured here. It is necessary to boil a little composition on low heat. The composition is cooled, filtered.
• Yellow. For light wood, a stain is prepared from buckthorn fruits (unripe). To make the shade richer, alum is added to the broth.
• Brown. The bark of the apple tree, used for decoction, gives a rich brown tint.

Tea, coffee, vinegar, potassium permanganate

You can make natural stains for wood with your own hands from tea or coffee, as well as vinegar.

Tea contains theanine, which perfectly tones light wood species. To make the shade darker, you need a strong tea leaves. For these purposes, black tea is suitable. The more concentrated the brew, the darker the shade will turn out.

Coffee is also used to tint wood. To prepare the product, you need to grind the coffee beans, and then add a little soda to them. You can simply brew a strong drink, and then use it as a stain.

A special composition can be prepared from vinegar. To do this, you need to prepare metal parts, for example, nails. They are degreased and then poured with vinegar. The container is left for several days in a dark place. The longer the vinegar sits, the richer the shade will turn out. But the maximum duration of this process is a week.

This composition has a very pungent odor, so you need to process wood on the street. With this recipe, you can get a special stain color for wood. Do-it-yourself stain, when applied, imitates ebony wood. If the wood originally had dark shade, for example, after staining with strong tea, then after a similar composition it will become jet black.

Shades from cherry to dark brown are obtained using potassium permanganate. To do this, it is taken in an amount of 50 g and dissolved in a liter of water. Immediately after preparation, the solution is applied with a brush to the wood. After 5 minutes, rub it with a damp cloth. If you repeat the procedure again, the shade will be darker and richer. If you create a 3.5% potassium permanganate solution and process birch veneer with it, you get a golden brown tint. After applying potassium permanganate, the wood is varnished with a special composition. Otherwise, such a shade will fade over time.

Chemical compositions

Considering how to make a wood stain with your own hands, you can familiarize yourself with a few more recipes. Some woods are high in theanine, such as oak or walnut. If such wood is treated with slaked lime, a brown tint will be obtained. At the same time, the brown tone of the walnut will have greenish notes.

If the wood is light, you can give it a noble shade with the help of a barberry root. A decoction is made from it, to which 2% alum is added. The liquid is boiled, cooled and filtered. You can also make wood stain with your own hands from iodine. To do this, add a little of this agent to the broth. This will add depth, saturation to the brown tint.

If poplar shoots are used instead of barberry root, the color will be richer. To do this, prepare 150 g of poplar branches. They are filled with water, alum is added and boiled for an hour. The filtered composition must be defended in glassware for 7 days. Only after that the composition is ready for use. If this remedy is mixed with a decoction of oak bark, then the shade of the wood will be brownish-greenish.

If you want to create a light emerald shade, add 50 g of verdigris to the vinegar. The agent is boiled for 10-15 minutes. After filtering the composition, they treat the surface. If the product is planed, it is better to soak it in a warm solution until the desired shade is obtained.

From the fruits of privet, you can prepare a stain that will give the wood a black color. To do this, the juice of the fruits of the plant is mixed with various acids. If you add water to it, the shade will be blue.

Gray tint

By creating wood stain with your own hands, you can get different shades. This, for example, could be grey colour. You can even make a silver tint. To prepare a solution for surface treatment, water and vinegar are mixed in equal proportions. Rusty nails or other metal products are added here. The solution is infused for some time without nails, and then the rusty metal is added to the liquid.

To make the gray color richer, ammonia diluted with water is used. Work is carried out outdoors. Do not allow this product to come into contact with the skin. It is not recommended to inhale ammonia vapors, so you need to work carefully. You need to act quickly, as stain in such conditions loses its properties in a short time.

When the wood is painted in the desired shade, the solution is washed off with water. To process a small product, a workpiece and an open jar of ammonia are lowered into a closed container. After a few hours, the wood product is removed from the container.

Whitening

Do-it-yourself wood stain for wood can also brighten the material. Bleaching allows you to prepare the material before painting. So the tone of the coating will look more expressive.

It is worth considering that when carrying out such a procedure, some tree species acquire an original color. So, for example, a walnut acquires a pale pink color, an apple tree acquires an ivory hue.

Birch becomes greenish after applying the bleaching stain. For this, a solution of oxalic acid is used. Ash, oak simply brighten without changing their color. If you treat the Anatolian nut with hydrogen peroxide, the concentration of which will be at least 15%, the shade will become golden.

Preparation of bleaching stain from oxalic acid

Different solutions are used for bleaching wood. Their speed of impact on the material can vary significantly.

One of the tools often used for these purposes is a solution prepared from oxalic acid. To do this, prepare 100 g of boiled water. It dissolves from 1.5 to 6 g of acid. It is best to use this product for light wood species, such as linden, birch, poplar, maple, etc.

If the array was dark, when processed with such a solution, ugly stains and gray spots may appear. In other cases, the result will be spectacular. To deresin the surface and lift the pile, after treatment with a solution of oxalic acid, the array is moistened with a different composition. It is prepared from 100 g of boiling water, 3 g of soda ash and 15 g of bleach.

The use of hydrogen peroxide

To work, you will need a 25% solution of hydrogen peroxide. This method is used for most types of wood. The only exceptions are oak, lemon tree, rosewood.

The advantage of this technique is the fact that the wood does not need to be washed after treatment. But such a solution will be effective only for finely porous materials. If there are a lot of tannins in the structure, clarification is very difficult. To facilitate this process, the surface is first treated with a 10% ammonia solution.

Dec 21, 2018 Gennady

​Related Articles​

You will need

1. Black leg
2. ​Black color wooden products can be obtained by using the fruits of privet, which is more often called wolfberry. The juice of these berries is mixed with various acids to obtain different shades. The blue color is obtained by mixing with baking soda, scarlet - with Glauber's salt, brown - with blue vitriol and green - with potash.
3. It must be remembered that some antiseptics can be toxic and must be handled with care. Before starting processing wooden house read the instructions attached to the drug. After application and drying of the wood, the chemicals disappear and the treated lumber becomes completely safe.​
4. ​With the help of bleaching, you can not only prepare the wood for painting, but also achieve expressive tone, weakening it to the required level. Some types of wood, when bleached, sometimes acquire the most unexpected color shades. Thus, walnut, which has a monochromatic surface texture with a purple tint, when bleached in hydrogen peroxide, acquires a pure scarlet-pink hue, and with further bleaching - pale pink.
5. In a liter of warm water, dilute 50 grams of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), and then apply it to the wood with a brush and wipe it off with a damp cloth after 5 minutes. This stain should be used immediately after preparation. If necessary, repeat the wood treatment. Shades are obtained from cherry to dark brown, almost black. Golden brown color in birch veneer can be obtained by applying a 3.5% solution of potassium permanganate. If then nothing protects the tree - potassium permanganate will fade

Instruction

• ​AGING OF THE BOARD with Oleg Nefedkin
• Each subsequent layer of stain is applied only after the previous one has dried.
• For bleaching, you can use different solutions. Some act very quickly, others more slowly.​
• You can achieve a rich black tone if you use a decoction of oak and alder bark.
• The main inconvenience of using wood stain is that during processing, the composition raises the wood fiber. On the one hand, this emphasizes the structure of the wood, and on the other hand, it makes the product more vulnerable to moisture. Therefore, before applying the stain, the wood should be superficially wetted, left to soak for a while and carefully sanded.

KakProsto.ru

Wood stain with their own hands | Construction portal

The purpose of wood stain

Windmill has been known for a long time. Most often, children are ill with it, but in them such a disease is generally much easier than in the adult generation. Potassium permanganate is used to treat chickenpox. Not everyone knows how to properly prepare this solution.

Many of us have experienced this kind of adversity. A fungal disease that causes the death of seedlings. The black leg affects the seedlings of many garden crops and flowers. Plants become ill very early, starting from seedlings and before the formation of several leaves. The disease is caused by fungi that are present in almost any soil. They populate the root neck of small seedlings and clog the vessels of the stems, through which nutrients are supplied. The root collars of plants turn black, and then the whole plant dies.

Sometimes it is required to give a wooden product a gray or silver tint. In order to obtain such an effect, the following method can be used: one part of vinegar is added to one part of water and rusty metal products (wire or nails) are placed in the liquid. The solution must be infused for some time, and then the product is lowered into it and the desired shade is obtained.

Stain is a special compound for treating wood, which is used to give it a different color, usually darker. These compounds do not form a film on the surface, but penetrate into the wood and therefore the texture of the wood remains visible. Depending on the type of stain, they may also have different protective properties.

If you bleach an apple tree in a mixture of ammonia-hydrogen peroxide, it turns out very beautiful tree ivory. Whitening is quite deep, up to 0.5 mm, can be polished.​

Types of stains for wood processing

To ensure that ordinary boards look noble, “lived”, you can use simple decorative techniques. The method of aging wood was used by Oleg Nefyodkin, an artist-decorator and specialist in Russian wooden architecture, in the remake of the Village Refectory. His version of the processing of the boards turned them from an ordinary building material into a work with a special charm of antiquity.​ Oil-based stains dry for about 3 days, solvent-based or water-based stains - 2-3 hours.

Solution of oxalic acid. Dissolve 1.5-6 g of oxalic acid in 100 g of boiled water. This composition is suitable for bleaching light woods: linden, white poplar, light walnut, birch and maple. Dirty tones or gray spots may appear on other types of wood. Veneer sheets after bleaching should be washed with a solution (composition: hot water- 100 g, soda ash - 3 g, bleach - 15). This treatment deresin the surface and raises the pile of wood.​

An even brown color, close to natural, is obtained by mixing in equal proportions of willow bark, oak, walnut shell and alder earrings. Pour all the ingredients with cold water and bring to a boil. After that, add ½ teaspoon of soda to the solution and boil for another 10 minutes. Alcohol stain

- boiled water;

A characteristic sign of the disease is blackening and rotting of the root collar. The root system of diseased plants develops poorly, seedlings are very easily pulled out of the soil. The defeat is often massive, especially in greenhouses and nurseries. IN open field the disease is much less common. Sources of infection - soil and plant debris, where the pathogens - fungi - remain and live. The disease is promoted by dense plantings, excessive watering, poor ventilation, sudden changes in temperature and soil moisture. The infection persists in the soil.

To obtain a darker shade of oak wood, ammonia (88%) diluted in water can be used. It is important not to inhale the vapors of this product and to ensure that the liquid does not come into contact with the skin. It is better to work in the open air, and you need to act quickly, because on outdoors this stain loses its properties. You can gradually mix the necessary portions of the product. After the product acquires the desired shade, the solution is washed off. If the product is small, then it can be placed in a glass or ceramic dishes and put in the same open jar with ammonia. The dishes are tightly closed with a lid, and after a few hours the product will be ready. Stains are usually used to change the color of the wood, and as a rule, the color should be darker than the original. For these purposes, stain can be made with your own hands, and this does not necessarily require expensive chemical substances or complex ingredients.​

Various solutions are used for bleaching. Some of them act quickly, others slowly. The bleaching technology depends on the composition of the bleach. In the practice of amateur carpenters, a solution of oxalic acid (1.5 ... 6 g) in boiled water (100 g) is traditionally used. In such a solution, light rocks are well bleached - linden, birch, maple, light walnut, white poplar; other breeds develop gray spots and dirty shades. After bleaching, the veneer sheets are washed with a solution that simultaneously lifts the pile and deresin the surface. The composition of the solution (in parts by weight): bleach - 15, soda ash - 3, hot water - 100. First, soda is dissolved, then bleach is added when the solution cools. After applying the solution, the wood is washed with water.

Moisten the surface of the wood of the tree with a solution of 35 g of potassium carbonate or 75 g of soda ash per liter of water, and then after drying, moisten it with a mixture of 50 grams of tannin (available at a pharmacy) per liter of water. Do not rush to repeat the staining of wood with wood stain - its color appears only after an hour ... YOUR TEXT

Too thick stain composition can be diluted with a suitable solvent. Water-based stains use water; oil-based stains use paint thinners. So it will be possible to reduce the manifestation possible defects on the surface of the product. ​

​Bleaching with a 25% hydrogen peroxide solution is suitable for most tree species except lemon, oak and rosewood. Products, after treatment with peroxide, do not need to be washed. Peroxide solution bleaches only finely porous tree species. Wood containing tannins is very difficult to lighten with such a stain. To improve the bleaching process, tannins must first be treated with a 10% solution of ammonia.

You can also give the tree a brown color with a decoction of walnut shells and apple bark. If you need to get a more saturated tone, then alum is added to the solution. ​

is a solution of organic dyes with pigments in ethyl alcohol. Alcohol compositions are used for antiseptic and decorative painting of wooden products. Such stains reduce pile uplift and do not cause wood to swell.​

- capacity;

Making a stain with your own hands: recipes for craftsmen

Plant stains

To prevent the black leg, you need to be careful about preparing the soil for seedlings. The soil mixture must be freshly prepared. Do not add manure or compost to it. They have a lot of fungi in them. Soil disinfection can be carried out different ways. If you have to use the earth that has already served, then it must be calcined in the oven at a temperature of 110 degrees and keep the soil in the oven for at least 30 minutes. Or microwavable. In the sowing boxes, the soil is spilled twice with boiling water or a 1% solution of potassium permanganate. In greenhouses, it is recommended to disinfect the soil with freshly slaked lime (1-1.5 kg / m2). A more modern biological remedy is spilling the soil with Fitosporin solution. Three days before sowing seeds or before picking seedlings, Cumulus DF (5 g / m2) can be applied to the soil. The introduction of Trichodermin-3 into the soil 3-5 days before sowing.​

• Evaluate the manufacturing method:
• Few people know that you can change the shade of a tree using plant-based compounds.
• For many species, with the exception of oak, rosewood, lemon tree and some others, hydrogen peroxide (25% solution), which is sold in pharmacies in the form of a solution or perhydrol tablets, is an effective bleaching agent. After bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, the wood does not need to be washed. The whitening process is controlled only visually. Hydrogen peroxide bleaches mainly finely porous rocks and ash. Breeds containing tannins are difficult to bleach in hydrogen peroxide or are not bleached at all (for example, oak). To speed up the bleaching process, the surface of such rocks must be moistened with a 10% solution of ammonia.
• If wood, with a high content of tannin (oak), is moistened with slaked lime, then after drying it will turn light brown. But the nut will turn greenish-brown.
• 1. The first step is to "level" the raw surface of the board - remove all soft fibers with a special metal brush. Processing with this tool will create a kind of relief on the board, the depth of which should be at least 1.5 mm. We clean the dust from the surface with an ordinary brush or brush.
• Applying stain: video
• ​Whitening results different breeds trees:​
• Processing wood with a decoction of alder and willow bark gives the tree a black color.

Wood stains based on coffee, tea and vinegar

When using alcohol stain, it is difficult to achieve uniform staining, as the composition dries quickly and stains can form. For tinting small items, such stains can be suitable, but it will be very problematic to paint the parquet.

• - manganese;
• Seeds, if the label does not say that they have undergone special processing, should be held in potassium permanganate. Do not forget that there are varieties whose seedlings are more resistant to blackleg disease than others. Keep this in mind when choosing a variety. A few days before sowing, seeds can be heated in a solution of zinc sulfate (20 mg per 100 ml of water) at a temperature of 48-50 ° C for 20 minutes.
• Fedor, she never calcined the soil and did not pickle it with potassium permanganate. There was still not enough earth in the oven !! ! I consider the correct temperature and humidity conditions to be the best prevention of the black leg. The soil should be slightly damp, and the "legs" of the seedlings should be warm (the seedlings should be on a sunny window - the soil is heated), and the "heads" should be cold (+16), the room should be cool. I prepare the soil from the purchased universal + my own garden soil, frozen all winter on the street in a bucket. "Kids" water tomatoes often, but a little bit. When they are picked in cups, once every 3-4 days with water at room temperature, I water it in the morning or afternoon, but also, not to the point of dirt. And dampness and sores appear due to stagnant moisture in poorly permeable soils and on cold window sills.

Onion peel can be used to give a reddish tint to light wood. A strongly brewed decoction of the husk is prepared and applied to the product or used as an additive to brown stains.

Birch wood after bleaching in a 3 ... 5% solution of oxalic acid acquires a greenish tint. Oak and ash veneer is bleached with oxalic acid. For other types of wood, citric or acetic acid is used. To do this, acids are diluted with water in a ratio of 50 g per 1 liter of water. To get a gold veneer, soak the Anatolian walnut in hydrogen peroxide, visually observing the appearance of the desired shade. Hydrogen peroxide must be at least 15% concentration. In the same way, you can get a pink color by bleaching some varieties of walnuts in hydrogen peroxide at a 30% concentration. To get blue on a white background, bleach a walnut with contrasting tone transitions in a solution of hydrogen peroxide.​

Stains with chemical components

To darken oak, use 88% ammonia diluted in water. Avoid breathing vapors and do not allow liquid to come into contact with bare skin. Work outdoors whenever possible. After an hour in the open air, the mixture loses its strength, so apply the stain very quickly or gradually mix new portions, and when the wood takes on the color you want, rinse the solution with water. Place a small part to be painted in an enamel or glass dish and place an open jar of ammonia there. Close the top of the container tightly. After a few hours, the staining process will be completed.​

• 2. Then we cover the boards with dark primer, which will emphasize the texture of the wood. The primer is prepared from ordinary acrylic paint, which is diluted with water to a translucent state.
• It is necessary to apply the stain very carefully, since it will be quite difficult to remove the resulting defects.
• Birch after bleaching in a solution of oxalic acid gets a greenish tint;
• If a decoction of unripe buckthorn fruits is applied to a light tree, the product will acquire a golden yellow hue.
• Alcohol stains are applied only with a spray gun (spray gun), and when stained with a brush, the result can be unpredictable

Whitening stains

- whisk;

One of the main risk factors is the thickening of crops. Seedlings in separate containers are damaged by the black leg much less frequently.

I don’t like to ignite (I think all the microelements burn out. , I steam it, moisten the earth in a hot oven, I used to do it in a bucket (I threw a grate with gauze at the bottom and poured water on top), I pour it with boiling water before planting cucumbers, I just pour it into the watering, tin and water the grooves, the awakened pests do not eat the seeds. I plant manganese in one container, then add it to the desired concentration. I spill the earth, soak the seeds, feed the tomatoes.

1. To give birch wood a reddish tint, you can use a strong decoction of larch bark.
2. Wood is one of the most inexpensive and easy to use building materials, due to which it is lumber that is most popular in private construction. But apart from positive qualities, the tree also has disadvantages, such as: susceptibility to decay, destruction due to the appearance of mold or insects, the possibility of fire. It will solve these problems, wood treatment with an antiseptic will help, which can significantly extend the life of this material.

​ Sliced ​​light wood veneer can be dyed yellow by applying a decoction of barberry root (available at a pharmacy). Strain the broth, you can add 2% alum to it (also in a pharmacy) and heat it to a boil again. The cooled broth will be ready for use.

• 3. After the primer dries, you can apply color. To create it, white acrylic paint diluted with water until the composition becomes liquid, like milk. To soften White color, add some primer to the paint. The final touch in the preparation of the color scheme is a drop of cold green paint - it is she who will give the tree the effect of antiquity. After applying the composition, remove excess paint from the board with a rubber spatula.
• The formation of streaks. This happens if the stain is applied in large quantities and dries very quickly. In this case, you should try to remove the stain layer as much as possible. Another layer of stain should be applied to the hardening layer, which will soften the drying one, and then remove excess solution with a rag.
• Ash and oak veneer becomes noticeably lighter after treatment with oxalic acid;

Methods for applying stain

Do-it-yourself wood stain can be made from improvised means: coffee, tea and vinegar.

1. Oil-based stain
2. - cotton swabs.
3. contribute to the development of the disease low temperatures air, high humidity, low light.​
4. I agree with Mrina, Only now I spill everything with Fitosporin: both in the greenhouse and when I plant the seeds. 4 years using

The main principles of wood stain processing

Brown vegetable stain is obtained from walnut shells. A slightly rotten shell is dried in the shade, and then crushed in a mortar into powder. Then it is added to boiling water, the broth is filtered, a little soda is added. Wood is treated with this solution, and if, after drying, the surface is moistened with a solution of potassium bichromate in water, a reddish color will be obtained. When treated with dilute acetic acid, the wood will turn a grayish tint.

1. The risk group includes wooden elements located in direct contact with the soil, foundation, building walls and environment with increased level humidity, which means that antiseptic treatment will be required for the following elements:
2. ​ Orange color obtained by applying a decoction of young shoots of poplar with an admixture of alum. Boil poplar branches (150 g) in 1 liter of water, to which alum is added, for 1 hour. Then filter and leave to settle in an open glass dish. Defend it in a bright room for a week. After that, it acquires a golden yellow color.
3. Alexandrushka
4. If the stain is completely dry, then a paint thinner must be used to remove it. However, the entire pigment cannot be removed. The top painted layer can be removed with a planer or sandpaper.​
5. Anatolian walnut, when bleached in hydrogen peroxide (peroxide concentration not lower than 15%), acquires a golden hue, and walnut becomes pink.
6. ​Different shades of brown are obtained by using coffee. Ground grains are mixed with baking soda. Instant coffee is also suitable as a stain. It is enough to brew strong coffee and process wood with it. ​
7. have many tones and shades. Oil stain contains dyes soluble in drying oil and oils. White spirit is used as a solvent.
8. First, pour some boiled water into the container, which must first be cooled to room temperature. For the standard method of processing with cotton pads or cotton wool, a lot of water is not required. The volume should be no more than one liter. Remember that the water should not be hot so as not to harm the skin (especially when it comes to childhood).
9. Also, seedlings should not be sown too early, for example in February. In March, more sun, warmer. Less risk of disease.​

soil is a living substance and has a balance of microorganisms

Possible defects and their elimination

From the bark of alder and oak, you can get a very rich black stain.

parts of a wooden supporting frame;

To obtain a greenish color, add a decoction of oak bark to a decoction of young poplar shoots with alum (see above). A greenish color will be obtained if fine copper powder (50 ... 60 g) is dissolved in vinegar, and the solution is boiled for 10 ... 15 minutes. Soak sliced ​​veneer in a hot solution.​

You can tint the tree with natural dyes.

Product spotting. If the treated wood has an uneven density or wavy, then the absorption of the stain may occur unevenly - the color in some places will be saturated, and in others it will be lighter.​

Wood stain treatment can be done in one of four ways:

Not bad tones light wood and tea brewing. Theanine, which is contained in tea, gives the wood a natural brown color. Hue saturation depends on the concentration of tea.​

• Oil stain is the most convenient to use: it can be applied different ways, does not lift the fibers and is distributed evenly over the entire surface. Products treated with an oil-based stain can be easily repainted and restored.​
• Pour a few grains of manganese into a bowl of water, which are better to pick up with the tip of a knife so as not to "overdo it." It is better not to take manganese with your hands so that colored spots do not remain on the skin. It is important to remember that you must not allow this drug on clothes for the same reason. Thoroughly stir the grains in the water. Potassium permanganate must dissolve completely, otherwise they can burn. For high-quality and quick achievement of the homogeneity of the solution, you can use a regular whisk. When the procedure is completed, you can add the desired amount of water.​

What to do at the first sign of the onset of the disease.

strport.ru

Is it possible to treat wood with potassium permanganate?

GWAR

With such tillage, not only harmful microorganisms and pest larvae die, but also beneficial microorganisms, and the soil is colonized faster by harmful ones

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A nice brown stain can be obtained by mixing crushed willow and oak bark, walnut shells and alder earrings. All ingredients are added to cold water along with a teaspoon of baking soda and boiled a little over low heat, then cooled, filtered and used. Mono also replace the components with walnut shells, willow and apple bark.

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wall partitions, interfloor and ceilings;​
To get a black color, mix the juice of privet fruits (wolf berries) with acids. For brown - with vitriol, blue - with baking soda, scarlet - with Glauber's salt, green - with potash.

Wood scraping, staining, bleaching

Spotting on products made of mahogany or walnut looks attractive, but on wood of cherry, birch, pine, spruce and poplar - it does not look natural

Spraying. The stain is applied to the surface of the wood with an airbrush. Spraying allows you to achieve an even distribution of stain and obtain an even texture.​
You can get the effect of ebony "ebony" with the help of vinegar and metal parts. Small iron nails should be filled with acetic acid and left for 2-7 days in a dark place (the longer the solution is “infused”, the darker the color of the tree will turn out). Wood treatment with a prepared composition should be carried out in the fresh air, since the solution has a very pungent odor. It should be noted that when applied to such a product, polyurethane varnish curls up due to a large amount of vinegar, and nitra “lays down” normally. ​


Wax and acrylic stains


The concentration of the final solution is best determined by eye, but carefully and carefully evaluate the resulting color of potassium permanganate. It is important that the solution has a light pink tint. However, if the solution is diluted too much, then the desired effect in the treatment of rashes will not be achieved and the solution will simply not be effective. Therefore, if you immediately see that it turns out too light and light color, it will be necessary to add a few more grains of manganese and stir well again and follow the shade of the resulting solution.

1. Remove dead plants. Dry the ground, loosen.


Therefore, after improper processing, it often becomes unsuitable for plants

The yellow color of light wood can be given with a decoction of unripe buckthorn fruits. And if you add alum to the product, then the tone will increase even more. If you use the bark of an apple tree, then the tone will be brownish.

lower crowns of log buildings;
In some cases, it is necessary to choose a silver or gray color of the sliced ​​veneer. To get a silver-gray color when staining light rocks, add vinegar (1: 1) to rain water (? - I think you can also use ordinary water), place rusty nails or wire in this solution. After the solution settles, lower the veneer into it. Control the desired color visually.​

Totally unexpected colors color combinations are obtained in a decoction of ground coffee beans, sometimes with the addition of baking soda. Strong instant coffee is also used. In this method, we calculate the desired fortress ourselves.
Spotting is very difficult to remove. You can remove a layer of stained wood with a planer, in plywood you will need to remove all the front veneer.​
Rubbing. The stain is applied to the wood and evenly rubbed over the entire area of ​​the product. The coating is transformed, the texture becomes pronounced. This method is best suited for porous wood species, and the stain should not be used to dry quickly.​
You can give the tree a cherry, brown and dark brown hue with a solution of potassium permanganate: 50 g should be diluted in 1 liter of warm water, applied to the wood, and after 5 minutes wipe the surface with a soft cloth. In order to get a brighter shade, potassium permanganate treatment must be repeated.
- the latest generation of tinting materials. Stains based on acrylic resins and wax form a thin colored film on the surface of the wood, which additionally protects the material from excessive moisture. These types of stains evenly "lay" on the surface and are well suited for processing wooden floors.
When the preparation of potassium permanganate is completely completed, take a piece of cotton wool or use cotton pads and thoroughly treat all the rashes. The process is quite laborious and time consuming. Children, especially at a younger age, unfortunately, do not have such great patience to calmly allow each pimple to be treated for 20-30 minutes. Take advantage of the bathroom. Bring the concentration of the solution in the bath to the desired color and put the child in it. The main thing is not to delay the process of such bathing, since it is only important to treat the inflammation and let them dry, and not soak them;
2. Pour into a container with seedlings wood ash or crushed charcoal. Can be sprinkled with a mixture of dry sand and ash.​

It is better to buy a suitable treated soil in the store and make the right mixture

​6.​
If you brew larch bark into a strong solution and cover the tree (preferably birch), the tint is reddish.
It is better to prevent the appearance of spotting in advance:
Application with a roller or swab. This method is used when processing products with a small area, it helps to avoid streaks and ensures a uniform distribution of the stain over the surface.​
After treating the wood with potassium permanganate stain, the surface must be coated with a protective compound, otherwise the potassium permanganate will fade
​Acrylic stains have a wide range of tones that can be mixed to achieve finer shades. The composition has no unpleasant odor, does not ignite and is suitable for all types of wood. Acrylic stains do not emit harmful fumes, and dry quickly after application.​
After taking a bath with a solution of potassium permanganate, in no case should you wipe the body with a towel, it is only important to get it slightly wet so that the water does not drain. Then you need to let the affected areas dry well on their own, which will dry out the inflammation and speed up the healing process.
3. After the start of recovery, leave the healthiest specimens.
good luck :)

​Various shades are obtained after applying coffee: using ground coffee beans with the addition of baking soda. You can also brew strong instant coffee and use this solution as a stain.​
There are a large number of antibacterial chemical products on the market with various actions, different from each other in composition. In general, all antiseptics can be divided into three groups:
Moisten wood with a high concentration of tannin (available at a pharmacy) with 12% ammonia solution, and it will turn gray - brown.
To give the wood a brown color, dry a slightly rotten nutshell in the shade and then grind it into a powder in a mortar. To make a stain from a powder, you need to boil it in boiling water, filter the broth and throw a little potassium carbonate or simply soda into it. If the wood treated with walnut stain after it dries is moistened with an aqueous solution of potassium bichromate, then the wood will become reddish. And if treated with dilute acetic acid, then the same brown wood will become grayish.
Test the wood - apply stain to an unnecessary piece of the workpiece;

Brush application. In the absence of a spray gun or swab, you can use a brush, but this method is not suitable for all types of stain. Experts note that when applied with a brush, wood gives a deeper, saturated color than with other methods.​
If you want to get a lasting color, you can experiment and create a stain from chemicals.
When working with acrylic stain, it is important not to overdo it with the layer thickness. A good effect can be obtained when applying no more than 2 layers, if more, then spots may form.

Stain is a tinting composition that is applied to treated wood to change the natural color of wood, plywood, furniture, chipboard, fiberboard and MDF. Stain has a second name Beyts.
4. As soon as the seedlings get stronger, transplant into another soil.
Pour water into a metal container (according to the volume and amount of earth, a liter is possible). put on fire or stove. and soar in such a way that the steam would burn all the contents of the earth. that's all. refrigerate and apply. you won't get anything out there. these are minerals, and shed manganese before planting or sowing. there is always a lot of humus in the soil. but steam contributes both to the removal of organic decomposers, but also to how the minerals become more mobile. good luck to you. and also the potassium phosphorus composition, in addition to organic matter, should always be in the soil. this gives the plant an increase in the immune system from diseases and pests
Vinegar stain is prepared as follows: degreased iron parts (for example, small nails) are poured with acetic acid and left in a dark place to infuse from one to seven days (depending on the required concentration). Since the composition has a very sharp and strong smell, it is better to process wood with it in the fresh air. With this method, you can get the effect of ebony, since wood with a high concentration of theanine (for example, walnut) is painted anthracite black by this composition.
water-based products;
With the help of an aqueous solution of copper sulphate, you can give a gray-blue tint to oak, muffle the tone of mahogany or make plane tree gray - this tone is also called "maple". The effect will begin to appear after the wood dries.

Do-it-yourself wood processing with an antiseptic

Making a stain that gives a reddish tint to the light wood of a tree is also possible from onion peel. Prepare a very strong decoction of onion skins and use it on its own or as an addition to brown stains.​

What elements of the house or apartment should be treated?

Use stain-gel.

• In order to receive beautiful product from natural material, you must adhere to the basic rules of wood processing.​
• A tree with a high theanine content (oak) can be moistened with slaked lime - the product will turn brown. If you process the nut with such a composition, you get a brown color with an unobtrusive greenish tint.
• Wax stains are very soft wax. They can be used directly on wood or pre-painted surfaces. Wax stains are applied with a cloth and spread over the wood with rubbing movements.​
• A special composition penetrates deep into the wood, so that the texture of the wood is preserved. This effect cannot be achieved from enamel or paint.

How to choose a good antiseptic?

5. Do not rush to sow seeds for seedlings.

• And I calcined the soil for seedlings! I just poured it on a baking sheet and kept it at a temperature of about 200 degrees for half an hour. At this temperature, no "loss of trace elements" occurs. Pest larvae and mold spores die. For me, this method is more convenient than pouring boiling water. And potassium permanganate was used for seed treatment. Immersed them in a fairly concentrated solution - 1%. Here are the ways to treat seeds for you (although, to be honest, I didn’t notice much difference between treated and untreated seeds).
• In a liter of warm water, dilute 50 g of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate), and then apply it to the wood with a brush and wipe it off with a damp cloth after 5 minutes. This stain should be used immediately after preparation. If necessary, repeat the wood treatment. Shades are obtained from cherry to dark brown, almost black. Golden brown color in birch veneer can be obtained by applying a 3.5% solution of potassium permanganate. If then nothing protects the tree - potassium permanganate will fade
• oil-based products;

Yellow color is obtained from light wood veneer in a solution of potassium chloride (10 g per 1 liter of water at 100 ° C).

Take chopped oak bark, willow, alder earrings and walnut shell in equal parts. Pour into cold water, bring to a boil, add half a teaspoon of baking soda and boil the solution a little more over low heat. Strain. Also good color achieved by similar preparation of a solution of willow bark, apple and walnut shells. With subsequent tinting, the product acquires an even brown color, identical to natural.

How is wood treated with an antiseptic do-it-yourself

Preparatory work is the key to success

Gel stain is a thick, pasty stain that does not spread and does not penetrate deep into the wood. In addition, helium stains have a low absorption rate.​

Processing technology

The stain is applied strictly in the direction of the wood grain. Excess solution is removed in the same direction.

An unusual shade can be achieved by making the following composition: dissolve 75 g of soda ash and 35 g of potassium carbonate in 1 liter of water. Treat the wood with a composition, and after complete drying, the surface must be moistened with a mixture (1 liter of water + 50 grams of tannin). After such processing, the color will appear only after an hour, so do not rush and re-paint the tree.

Wax stains look most effective in combination with polishing. This technique is often used when finishing turning products, profiles and threads.​

Stain do it yourself

Some people use wood stain to hide the true type of wood, such as painting inexpensive pine in the colors of noble woods. Others use the wood stain to update the interior of the room or to emphasize the beautiful texture of natural material.​

6. When foci of the disease appear, the affected plants are carefully removed, the seedlings are watered with a pink solution of potassium permanganate (3-5 g per 10 liters of water), then the seedlings are not watered at all for a week.

Plant-based stains

Seed dressing with potassium permanganate.

• Various shades of brown can be obtained if a tree with a high content of theanine (for example, oak) is moistened with slaked lime, and a walnut can be dyed brown with a greenish tinge.
• combined mixtures based on modern chemical compounds;
• If you cover a birch or maple with a solution of pyrogallic acid and, after letting it dry, cover it with another aqueous solution of chromium potassium, you will get a blue color.
• A rich black color can be obtained by using a solution of willow and alder bark.
• and what will it give
• Most often, stain is applied in 2-3 layers.

Mordants from tea, coffee and vinegar

1. Sliced ​​light veneer can be dyed yellow using a decoction of barberry root (sold in pharmacies). Strain the finished broth, add a little alum to it and bring it to a boil again. The cooled solution is ready for application to the wood. ​
2. Important! Wax-based stains should not be used before wood treatment. two-component varnishes acid cure or polyurethane
3. With the skillful use of stain and a combination of several shades at the same time, you can turn an ordinary wood product into an artistic value.
4. For prevention and at the first signs of illness, seedlings are recommended to be sprayed with biological preparations (Baktofit, Planriz, Fitosporin, Fitolavin-300).

Stains containing chemicals

• The simplest, most common and effective way to disinfect the surface of seeds. Of all the treaters, potassium permanganate has the widest spectrum of action. Dressing is carried out in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate. 1 gram of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is diluted in half a glass (100 ml) of warm water. You get a black solution. Weaker concentrations are practically useless. If seed infection is suspected, the concentration of the solution is doubled. It should be ensured that there are no sticky seeds, for example, tomato seeds stick together and may not pickle. Seeds are placed in a bag made of non-woven material such as agril and placed in a solution for 20 minutes. Then, without removing it from the bag, it is washed in cold boiled water.
• 75 g of soda ash or 35 grams of potassium carbonate are added to a liter of water, the wood surface is moistened with this composition, and after complete drying, it is treated with a solution of 50 grams of theanine in a liter of water. With this method, the color of the stain does not appear immediately, but after an hour.
• The most popular is a water-based wood treatment agent, since in addition to destroying mold and insects, such compounds provide reliable fire protection. Also, all protective chemistry can be divided into compounds for impregnating or coating wood. The impregnation penetrates as deep as possible into the wood massif, providing a high level of antibacterial protection, while the application agents create a protective layer that protects the surface of the material from contact with water and dampness.​
• Relief forms can be impregnated with hot cottonseed oil, which makes the carving stronger and the relief acquires a noble dark color, which becomes more intense after coating the product with lacquer and polishing it.
• ​If for wooden frame, which will be sheathed, or floorboards from the underside, then used engine oil is better.​
• When applying the first layer, a small amount of stain should be used, and after it dries, the surface will need to be sanded and the raised pile removed.
• You can give a greenish color to the veneer using the following solution: dissolve 50-60 g of fine verdigris powder in vinegar, boil for 10-15 minutes and treat the veneer with a hot composition.
• You can give wood a different shade with the help of plant components.

In addition to decorative functions, some types of stains also have protective properties. Wood-protective compositions include stains on an oil-alkyd basis or solvents. Such stains are able to protect the tree from pests, mold and fungi.

sdelai-sam.pp.ua

How to ignite the earth? And how to "spill with boiling water" and "treat with potassium permanganate"? Write the process itself, if you did ...

Natalia Brovko

If you already start, then it is better to reseed. If prevention, then yes, the main thing is not to overdo it with watering at all. Black leg from dampness

Marina Karaseva

Other ways to disinfect the surface of seeds.

Natalia Belousova

Light wood can be tinted yellow if 2% alum is added to the decoction of the barberry root and heated to a boil, and then the surface of the product is treated with this decoction.

MaryZo

For a more reliable effect, it is worth using impregnating and coating substances together, or giving preference to mixed-type antiseptics that combine both of these effects. Before buying, you should carefully study the instructions for the antiseptic and fire-retardant wood treatment and find out how the action of the drugs meets your needs.​
Various shades of brown can also be obtained using aniline dyes. These paints can be bought in powder - it dissolves easily in water, as well as in turpentine and oil. For a dark stain, mix two aniline paints - Vandijk brown and Bismarck brown. Dilute each paint separately in warm water. Add 7 ml of glue and a drop of vinegar to both solutions. Mix paints with each other to achieve the shade you want; the more water you add, the lighter the stain will be.​
Light wood can be dyed yellow with a decoction of unripe buckthorn fruits, brown with apple bark and walnut shells. If you add alum to each of the listed decoctions, the color tone will increase.

This is meaningless, because the disinfectant properties of potassium permanganate are determined by its oxidizing abilities - the release of atomic oxygen at the time of the reaction. She will react - and that's it, the disinfection is over.

When processing the surface, you must try so that the brush does not “enter” already frozen areas.

Love

From the juice of wolf berries (privet) and various chemical components, you can get a variety of stain colors: brown - with vitriol, scarlet - with Glauber's salt, blue - with baking soda, green - with potash. ​

Tatiana Pavlyushchik

A strong decoction of larch bark gives a reddish tint. It is especially decorative when processing birch.

The main criterion by which all stains are classified is the basis for making the solution. The most common stains are water, alcohol, oil, acrylic and wax based. Consider the features of each type.
Potassium permanganate can disinfect the soil in beds, in boxes or cups adapted for growing plants. So, seedlings in cups are watered with a warm pink solution of potassium permanganate every 10 days. (You can alternate with watering with ash liquor.) Before planting the seeds of any vegetables or flowers, the ground in the box is watered with a special solution: 3–5 g of potassium permanganate per 10 liters of water. This prevents the disease of the "school" of tomatoes, eggplant, peppers, cabbage "black leg". The same concentration of the solution will be needed to disinfect the soil in the greenhouse. 1 liter of solution is poured into the holes for seedlings of tomatoes, cucumbers or other vegetables. However, if you are attentive to your green "wards", then according to them appearance it is almost always possible to determine whether the plant is healthy, and having noticed the first signs of infection, immediately take necessary measures. However, to prevent diseases and the appearance of pests in the greenhouse, "experienced" gardeners treat the greenhouse outside with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate several times a season. Moreover, they process not only the walls of the greenhouse, but also the territory at the entrance. Unscheduled (and therefore necessarily) gardeners do this when it gets cold after rain. Top dressing with a solution of potassium permanganate (3 g per 10 liters of water) increases the resistance of plants not only to diseases, but also to adverse weather.

For dressing seeds, you can use a 2-3% solution of hydrogen peroxide, preheated to 38-40 ° C, where the seeds are kept for 7-8 minutes.
A more saturated color is obtained by applying a decoction of young shoots of poplar and the same alum. 150 g of poplar branches are boiled in a liter of water, alum is added and boiled for another hour. The filtered broth is settled in a glass container for a week, and then used.
Wood processing, regardless of whether it is a planed beam or an ordinary log for a log house, is carried out only if the wood has the required moisture level corresponding to the numbers indicated on the packaging of the antiseptic. Before you start treating wood with an antiseptic, it is necessary to carry out all drilling and sawing work, since the preparations act on the surface of the wood and all fresh chips and cuts that appear after processing will become potential foci of mold and fungus. It is also extremely important to clean the wood surface from possible contaminants and degrease the surface, which can be done using special chemicals.​

Tatiana Pavlova

You can take dyes for clothes. Yellow, red, and brown. Dilute in water approximately 100-150 ml. each sachet in a separate vial. And now any stain can be mixed from these colors.​

Does watering seedlings with potassium permanganate help from a black leg? And can it be watered?

Viktor Solovyov

Fat-free small nails or iron shavings are poured with acetic acid and the composition is allowed to brew from a day to a week (depending on the desired saturation) in a dark place. This composition covers the product. True, it has a strong pungent smell and it is better to cover the tree in the fresh air. This recipe is called ebony (ebony) by the Americans. on rocks with a high content of tannins, such as walnut, a well-defined black color is obtained, sometimes almost like anthracite. True, some furniture makers note that water-based polyurethane varnish simply curls up when such a tree is applied, apparently due to vinegar. But nitra is fine.
They go to the store and buy a wood product http://sekretystroyki.ru/zashhita-drevesiny-ot-gnieniya.html or beg from chemists
Soaked wood after drying is polished with a dense coarse cloth in the direction along the fibers or obliquely.
Wood bleaching allows you to prepare the product for painting and achieve expressive tone. Some species of trees acquire unexpected color shades when bleached. For example, walnut, which has a solid texture with a purple tint, after treatment with a bleaching stain, becomes a pale pink or scarlet pink. The bleaching of the apple tree makes the wood a noble ivory color.​
A reddish tint can be achieved using onion husks. To do this, you need to prepare a “cool” broth and process light wood with it or add it to a purchased stain.
​Water-based stains​
No, you can't help. In order to avoid a black leg, it is not necessary to fill the soil and sprinkle the soil with clean, calcined sand from above before sowing the seeds.
For dressing seeds, you can also use 1% hydrochloric solution, 0.04% phosphoric or 3% acetic solution acids.​
A greenish tint of wood is obtained if a strong decoction of oak bark is added to the above-described decoction of poplar twigs and alum. The rest of the process is the same.​
After all have been produced preparatory work, you can start processing the tree. Processing technology depends on the means and capabilities available to you. Most effective way is the soaking of wood in a diluted preparation, however, this option will require high costs and at home, it is almost impossible to process massive elements such as rafters and floor logs with a similar method. The second method is to apply an antiseptic to the surface of the tree with a conventional brush or roller. It is necessary to apply an antiseptic evenly, painting over the entire surface of the tree. Processing is carried out in several layers, usually 2 to 4-5 layers are required, more information can be found in the instructions attached to the chemical preparation you have chosen.​
8. Whitening:​
​4.​
it turns out the effect of stain
It is better to divide large surfaces of the product into sections and stain them sequentially.
Bleaching stain: photo
Using walnut shells, you can get different shades. The old shell should be dried a little and ground into powder. Boil the resulting nut powder in water, strain through a fine sieve and add a little baking soda to the solution. A tree treated with such a composition will acquire a brownish tint, and if an aqueous solution of potassium bichromate is additionally applied to it after drying, a reddish tint will be obtained. To obtain a grayish tint, the surface treated with a "nutty" solution must be impregnated with dilute acetic acid.

Yana Evtushenko

Available in two forms: dry stains in powder form for self-dilution in water, and in a ready-to-use state. Water stains take a long time to dry, so it will take a long time to get a uniform tone.

Daniel

It is better to pour a solution of furacilin with which gargle 1 t in a glass of water

Galina

I also calcined on a baking sheet in the oven, but not much, and not half an hour, the earth does not even have time to dry. Of course, microorganisms die, but after cooling down, you need to water a little with Baikal.

Olga

​Also green color wood can be obtained by dissolving 50-60 grams of fine verdigris powder in vinegar and boiling the product for ten to fifteen minutes. It is better to soak planed products in this solution (hot) for some time until the desired color is obtained.

After the antiseptic and fire-retardant treatment of wood has been carried out, the material must dry out, in natural conditions, in a dry, ventilated hanging or outdoors under a canopy. For drying, depending on the selected composition and the number of applied layers, from 48 to 72 hours will be enough, after which the elements are ready for use. Do-it-yourself antiseptic treatment is a fairly simple process, which, however, will require attention and concentration.​

Treatment of seeds with a solution of potassium permanganate Treatment of tomatoes with potassium permanganate of seeds Soil treatment in a greenhouse with potassium permanganate