Polyvinyl acetate water-based paints - characteristics and composition. Characteristics of water-based paint Composition of water-based paint for interior work

Most types of “wet” facades require a finishing coat.

This takes into account both the need for protection from atmospheric moisture and the need decorative covering often a nondescript finishing layer.

In addition, from time to time there is a need to refresh the external surface, update or change the color of the walls.

These issues can be resolved by applying a layer of façade paint.

The modern market offers many varieties of facade materials produced on different bases.

Main types:

All types of facade finishing coatings can be used on almost any substrate:

The versatility of facade coatings makes them in demand and popular among homeowners, but the available variety sometimes makes it difficult to choose. Let's consider one of the large groups - water-based facade paints.

Water-based facade paint is different from all others because ordinary water can be used as a diluent.

After drying, a regular film is formed, insoluble in water and fully meeting all the requirements for facade coatings:

Moisture resistance.
Vapor permeability.
Elasticity.
Resistance to sunlight, the ability to maintain its color throughout its entire service life.

After applying water-based facade compositions, a matte coating is obtained that has excellent aesthetic qualities - the surface does not reflect, existing irregularities(especially when using textured plaster) do not create a feeling of “ripples in the eyes.”

At the same time, the use of two or more colors to finish relief surfaces gives a lot of interesting effects that are only possible when using facade paint.

Elasticity and vapor permeability are important indicators. When shrinkage or seasonal movements of the soil occur, small cracks may appear; the quality of the paint film in this case helps reduce their number.

Vapor permeability helps remove water vapor from wall materials . The absence of this quality will “ban” the vapors inside the material and will cause peeling of the coating.

The sale of façade water-based coatings for exterior use is most often made in the form of a semi-finished product - the base white, in any desired shade.

This makes it possible to independently obtain the desired color and tone of the mixture, without wasting time on a long search for the desired option.

Water-based facade paints are produced on the same bases as any other types:

Acrylic. The most common group of facade paints is made on the basis of acrylic resins with pigment additives. The most successful combination of price and quality of acrylic facade paints has brought them to the forefront of finishing materials.
Silicate. The basis of such paints is pigmented potassium liquid glass, which increases the strength of the coating. It has excellent performance qualities and a long service life.
Silicone. They have increased elasticity and have pronounced water-repellent properties. At the same time, silicone paints are the most expensive, so their use is not available to everyone. This circumstance reduces interest in the material, although in terms of durability and surface quality, such paints fully justify their price.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of water-based facade paint are:

No pungent odors typical for paints during application.
High vapor permeability of the coating.
Simplicity and ease of application, the matte surface looks great even when applied by an untrained person.
. Water-based compositions are several times more economical than other types.
Long service life of the coating.

Disadvantages of water-based paints:

Some color change after drying (often the white coating darkens a little).
You cannot work in bad weather - the paint will wash off in the rain.

Specifications

Technical characteristics are a kind of passport of a given composition, demonstrating its qualities and operating parameters. All samples of water-based coatings offered on the market have quite different specifications, which makes no sense to list.

Instead, let's look at the usual parameters, their meanings and what they mean:

Binder. This is the basis of the material; it usually acts as a binder. acrylic, silicone or liquid glass. You should pay attention to the percentage composition; it is usually not indicated on the packaging of low-quality materials. The amount of film former for water-dispersed formulations should be 50-60%.
Water permeability. An important parameter, usually on the label denoted by the letter W. The lower the W value, the less moisture the coating absorbs and the better it protects against water (for example, W = 0.05).
Density. An indicator that gives an idea of the hiding power of the material - ability to apply non-transparent coating in one go. High-quality paint has, on average, 1.5 kg/l.
Area of application, application conditions, etc.. All these parameters determine the most effective areas for using the material, the type of application and other technological aspects that ensure the most successful use.
Price, manufacturer. This data helps you understand how well the paint corresponds to the declared qualities, since more reputable manufacturers sell the product more expensively, but fully guarantee the quality corresponds to the passport data. Certified products automatically have all the necessary parameters; it cannot be otherwise.

NOTE!

Compliance of the paint parameters with the declared values cannot be verified in any way; you have to trust the data indicated on the label. By choosing certified products, we have the opportunity to significantly reduce the risk of purchasing low-quality material.

Main types and manufacturers

The production of facade water-based paints is widely developed both in our country and abroad.

Among the Russian manufacturers we can highlight:

Admiral.
Eurolux.
Halo.
Galamix.

From foreign companies:

Dulux.
Beckers and many others.

Simply listing the manufacturers of facade water-based coatings will not achieve any benefit, especially since the range is constantly updated on the market and new companies appear representing their products.

Therefore, the most correct approach is to decide on the most suitable type of paint for the base, based on your conditions (the material of the house, the climate of the region and other features of the site) and select the most suitable option.

Paint consumption per 1 m2

Water-based paint- economical material. Application consumption is much lower than other types of coatings, which does not reduce quality indicators. Depending on the type of base and the initial density of the paint, the consumption is:

The first layer is 0.25-0.60 kg/sq.m.
Second layer - 0.15-0.40 kg/sq.m.

The data is taken on average, the exact consumption should be found individually for each type of material on the packaging. The consumption indicated by the manufacturer is in practice slightly higher, which is explained by the difference in conditions during testing in production and when working on site.

What surfaces is it suitable for?

Water-based paint Suitable for most surfaces except metal. The fact is that the presence of water causes corrosive processes, manifested by the appearance of red rusty spots on the coating that can ruin appearance walls. For metal parts, appropriate materials should be selected.

Another limitation for water-based paints is plaster. The final water-based coating can be applied no earlier than 2 weeks after applying the plaster.(some experts call the larger interval a month).

This is due to the need to complete the crystallization of the plaster; alkali-containing substances and carbon dioxide actively participate in the process, so you must wait until the reaction is completed.

In general, facade water-based paints are suitable for finishing:

Concrete walls.
All types of plaster.
Stone, brick.
Wooden walls and structures.
Previously painted surfaces.

Such a variety of possibilities gives reason to consider water-based façade coatings as universal finishing materials.

Technology of painting facades with water-based compositions

Facade water-based compositions are allowed in dry weather, at air temperature from +5°. It is considered that the most productive and in an economical way Application of the coating is the use of a spray gun. This method is good, but not available to everyone due to the lack of equipment at hand.

The best option for painting yourself is to use a paint roller with soft sandpaper, which gives a smooth surface and sufficient application density.
The use of brushes is acceptable, but for large areas they are unproductive, so they are usually used to paint areas that are inaccessible to a roller or that require great precision in the stroke.
The first layer is applied with a thicker composition, since it is required to cover the surface as much as possible, the second layer is more liquid, it is needed to level and fix the color.
Allow at least 2 hours between coats, although experts recommend not to rush and apply the second layer every other day so as not to “undermine” the first layer.

NOTE!

Each type of coating has its own rules that must be studied before work to avoid mistakes.

Using water-based paints for exterior work is convenient and effective method home decoration.

The absence of the smell characteristic of conventional painting work, a deep matte finish that gives the walls a pleasant “soft” appearance, ease of application, and the ability to perform all the necessary operations with your own hands are the reasons for the preferential attitude towards these materials.

Drops and streaks of paint can be immediately washed off with plain water, which also increases the list useful properties façade water-based compositions.

In contact with

Among the variety of repair materials, water-based paints are becoming increasingly popular. Fire safety, variety of shades and ease of application make water-based emulsion increasingly popular. This type of paint does not have strong unpleasant odors, dries quickly after application and creates an even finish layer.

Types of water-based (water-dispersion) paint

Water-based coating is a water suspension of pigments, polymers and fillers. After its application, the water evaporates, and thanks to the polymers included in the composition, a thin coating is created. The properties and price of paint depend on the type of its main component.

By doing repair work paint is almost always used. Be it painting walls or floors, ceilings or facades, or maybe decorating individual elements.

All types of water-based paint have a common base - an aqueous suspension. Depending on what polymer is included in the composition, the water emulsion can be:

Silicone
Acrylic
Silicate
Polyvinyl acetate (PVA)

Polyvinyl acetate (PVA)

PVA paint is a universal paint for interior work, which is produced on the basis of PVA glue. It is suitable for painting ceilings, floors, walls. This type of paint is one of the most budget options on store shelves.

Advantages of polyvinyl acetate water-based emulsion:

paints well porous surfaces such as wood, plaster walls and concrete ceilings, cardboard products, etc., this paint is suitable for painting furniture;
safe to use because it does not contain flammable or explosive components and does not require special storage conditions;
you can add gloss or create a matte surface using additives, allowing you to create interesting interior solutions;
its low cost makes it in demand in the construction market, so it is easy to find on store shelves;
suitable for rooms with high requirements fire safety, this point is especially important in enterprises where flammable things are stored (archives with documentation, a warehouse with things, chemicals, etc.);
short drying time allows you to carry out repairs comfortably without additional ventilation of the room;
paints plasterboard walls well.

Disadvantages of polyvinyl acetate water-based paint:

not resistant to moisture, used only for painting in dry rooms;
does not withstand temperature changes well, not suitable for facades;
poor hiding power;
Does not stick to metal surfaces.

ATTENTION The paint consumption depends on the saturation of the shade. More dark shades They consume less because they paint the surface immediately. For an even application of bright and dark tones, 2 layers are sufficient. Approximately 150 g/sq.m required. Light bed colors are applied in large quantity layers, for color uniformity, which increases the consumption to 250 g/sq.m.

Latex

The latex base makes water-based paints washable and able to withstand high humidity. This variety is suitable for painting walls in the bathroom and kitchen. It can be wiped with a damp cloth. Withstands up to 5000 brush cleaning cycles. Water-based paint with a latex additive will last a long time on the walls of the bathroom and kitchen.

The cost of latex paint is more expensive than other types of water-dispersion coatings.

In addition to water-repellent properties, latex “water emulsion” has good vapor permeability.

ATTENTION When using latex paint, you do not need to first fill cracks up to 1 mm; the paint has the ability to cover them, lying evenly on the surface.

Latex-based water-based paint dries as quickly as its subtypes, in just a few hours, making repairs comfortable and quick.

Acrylic (VDAK)

Acrylic paint is the highest quality, most popular and most expensive. The acrylic “water emulsion” is based on acrylic resins, which give it strength and elasticity. To reduce the cost of this type of coating, manufacturers produce styrene acrylic, vinyl acrylic and acrylic silicone, but the quality of the cheaper version is also significantly lower than the original.

Advantages:

used for all types of external and internal work;
fits well on the plaster after it has completely dried;
protects reinforced concrete from corrosion;
popular and always available in hardware stores.

Flaws:

Not suitable for application on damp walls with poor waterproofing
Expensive

Silicone

Silicone paint is similar to latex “water-based paint”. The composition includes silicone resins, thanks to which small cracks on the surface turn into a smooth surface. Has water-repellent properties (lotus effect). The surface becomes self-cleaning. Dust settling on the façade is washed away by rain. Moss does not form on the surface, since the paint contains antiseptic additives. The cost of this type of paint is as high as the quality. It is used in places of high humidity, for example, the basement of a building.

ATTENTION The components of silicone paint are not only resistant to moisture, but also successfully fight the appearance of fungus and mold in these places.

If traces of mold were found on the walls, floors or ceilings before painting, the area must be cleaned and treated with hydrogen peroxide, then paint should be applied.

Silicate

The most durable paint is a silicate water-based paint. It consists of liquid glass, a water base and other additives that make it resistant to various weather conditions and temperature changes.

Use this type paints for building facades, which are washed away by groundwater and melt water, paint rooms with high humidity. High vapor and air permeability makes the walls breathable, preventing the creation of a conservation effect.

Read also: Tool for decorative wall painting

Suitable for painting old buildings where waterproofing suffers and other paint quickly loses its appearance.

How to dilute

Since the main component of paint is water, it must be diluted with water. You can add no more than 10% of the total volume of paint.

The paint can be applied with a roller, brush or spray. For spraying, it is better to dilute the water-based emulsion with special thinners for acrylic paints. Using a thinner, you can adjust the light reflection of the paint, that is, give it gloss or matte.

Severely dried paints that have sat unused long time, can also be revived. The quality of highly diluted paint deteriorates, but is suitable for touch-up.

You can avoid the paint drying quickly by adding a little water to it after use and tightly closing the lid. Store in a dark and cool place.

How to paint

The paint is applied to the prepared surface. Brushes, sponges, rollers and sprayers are used to apply paint. Using special rollers or sponges with embossing, various patterns and textures are created on the surface. It is more convenient to paint a larger surface with a roller, the paint applies more evenly, and painting work is completed faster. It is more convenient to apply narrow areas, corners, wall joints, and transitions with a brush, and you can use brushes of different widths. To create texture, sponges are often used, dipping them into a thick paint solution and blotting them on the surface. Creating texture and applying patterns is not an easy task, it is better to experiment on small area, then in the future, if an attempt fails, you won’t have to repaint the entire surface.

Stages of painting with water-based paint:

Pour a small amount of paint into the roller tray. The tray is square shape with a small recess for paint and a place for squeezing out the roller. The cost of trays in stores is cheap, but it is more convenient to work with and uses less paint.
Dip a wide brush into the paint and walk along the perimeter of the wall or other surface, so the joints will be painted better and the transitions will be smoother.
Saturate the roller well with paint, rolling it inside the tray several times to remove excess paint. The better the roller is impregnated, the larger the paint area will be enough.
Apply paint evenly with a roller onto the surface to be painted.

IMPORTANT It is better to start applying paint from the top, then drops and smudges will not flow onto the already painted surface, but will be rolled out with a roller as you gradually move down.

Apply each subsequent layer of paint after the previous layer has dried, so that there is no dripping.

Consumption

An important factor is paint consumption square meter. Knowing this data, you can calculate the paint requirements for the job. If the paint is tinted, then the consumption must be taken into account with a reserve; if there is not enough material, it may be difficult to achieve the same shade. Each manufacturer indicates information about paint consumption on its packaging (from 160 grams/m2), but these figures are average. Many factors influence consumption: type of tool, brush or roller material, number of layers, ability to absorb the surface being painted. In addition, each type of water-based paint has a different texture and density; therefore, painting with different types of water-based paint will require different amounts of paint.

Many people choose water-based paint for interior decoration. This explains her affordable price and good technical characteristics. To select the appropriate composition for certain repair and construction work, it is worth studying the main varieties and their features.

Specifications

Water-based paint is emulsion of polymer particles. The latter do not dissolve in water and can turn into a dense film. Accordingly, the treated surface is smooth and even.

Water-based paint contains latex, a thickener, various fillers, and an antiseptic. Other components include plasticizers, antifreeze, defoamers, acrylate, etc. The presence of a specific substance depends on the application. It is also worth noting that to give a rich white hue, a small amount of sodium dioxide is added to the composition. Cheap materials use regular chalk for this purpose. In order for water-based paint to obtain the required consistency, it is worth using a thickener, as well as CMC glue. Demineralized water serves as the water base. As a rule, the composition contains film-forming substances, fillers and plasticizers in a ratio of 6:3:1.

If we talk about consumption per 1 layer, then you will need about 150 ml/m² acrylic or other variety. Naturally, the number of layers of water-based paint directly depends on the absorbency of the surface.

It is worth remembering other technical characteristics.

An important property is viscosity, which is measured using a viscometer.
The specific gravity of acrylic and other paints is on average 135 kg/l.
Drying time depends on humidity and air temperature. This indicator is 2–24 hours.
During painting, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of +20°C, and the humidity in the room should be about 65%.

Advantages and disadvantages

Many people buy it water-based paint because of its advantages:

The main disadvantage of this material is the impossibility of surface treatment at temperatures below +5°C.

Types of water-based paint

On sale you can find several types of such compositions. They differ in their composition and some properties.

The acrylic variety is recognized as the most common. Here the main component is represented by acrylic resins. Latex is also sometimes added. Thanks to this connection, the treated surface is not afraid of water. According to the manufacturers, the wall can be washed at least 5000 times. If you apply acrylic paint in 2 layers, you will be able to mask irregularities of 1 mm in size. Such compositions are ideal for wood, glass, concrete and brick surfaces. You can also use acrylic material to process metal that has been previously primed.
Silicone composition is quite expensive. This is explained by the possibility of masking cracks 2 mm wide. It is worth noting that the coating is vapor-permeable, which means there is no fear of fungus and mold.
The silicate variety is a combination of pigments in an aqueous solution, as well as liquid glass. The service life of this material is at least 20 years. It is important to remember that this paint is not suitable for rooms with increased level humidity.
The mineral variety contains cement or slaked lime. A similar mixture is intended for treating brick and concrete surfaces. Disadvantage finishing material its fragility is considered.
Polyvinyl acetate paint allows you to perform work even in enclosed spaces. The coating is very durable. It is not afraid of direct influence sun rays, moisture and fat.

Features of paint application

To perform wall treatment yourself, it is important prepare the mixture correctly. This must be done in accordance with the instructions. For mixing, you will need a small container into which the composition is poured. Also, if necessary, special pigments are added. Then the mixture is applied to the cardboard and waited for it to dry. This will help you accurately determine the shade.

The surface must be prepared before painting. To do this, remove the old cladding and remove irregularities and other defects. Then a layer of primer is applied. If we are talking about finishing the walls, you need to remove the furniture from the room and cover the floor with film. When paint is applied to wallpaper, 2 layers are enough. If there is only a primer, you will need 3 layers.

A spray gun will help make the job easier. Thanks to this equipment, it will be possible to avoid leaks and omissions. Some experts prefer a roller. Naturally, in this case you will have to apply more layers, because they will turn out thin. The most difficult thing is to use a brush, since surface treatment will only be of high quality if you have experience and skill.

If you plan to finish the ceiling, special attention should be paid to the uniformity of the layers. To do this, the roller is dipped into the mixture and rolled out onto a tray or linoleum. Next, you can start painting the ceiling. All stripes should be parallel and overlap each other by 2 cm. The surface will be perfectly painted if there is at least 2–3 thin layers.

It is important to pay attention to the direction of painting. Yes, the most last layer must be positioned towards the light source. Thanks to this, it will be possible to mask the heterogeneous structure of the coating. Lastly, corners, joints and other areas are processed. hard to reach places. They are painted using a small brush.

Methods for removing composition

In some cases, it becomes necessary to remove paint from the surface. The easiest way to do this is to use the polyvinyl acetate variety. Yes, that's enough treat the wall with a sponge soaked in soapy water. If it is an acrylic mixture, then you will have to make an effort using a spatula or other tool. This removal option is quite labor-intensive and tedious. For this reason, some people prefer to use special removers, which can be purchased at any hardware store.

Water-based paints are often used for interior decoration. This material has excellent technical characteristics. It is completely safe and easy to use. Accordingly, it is possible to perform wall treatment even without the relevant experience.

Water-based paints are a water-based material with polymer components. The composition contains emulsions of polymers such as styrene-butadiene, polyvinyl acetate, and polyacrylate. Valued for technical properties, safety, ease of use.

Description and features of water-based paint

(a type of water-dispersion) are used mainly for interior finishing. These are emulsions made from particles of polymers, pigments and liquid.

The performance characteristics of such compositions make it possible to use them in public spaces with high traffic, when the finish wears out quickly. Can be used for swimming pools, gyms, residential buildings.

The components in such materials are:

film formers;
fillers;
coloring matter;
various additives to improve performance characteristics - defoamers, stabilizers, plasticizers.

Dispersions can be obtained from any polymers, but polyvinyl acetate, acrylic and styrene-butadiene copolymers are most often used for the manufacture of paints.

Advantages and disadvantages

There are such advantages:

the solution can be given the desired shade by adding the desired pigment;
can be applied in several layers;
clear instructions for use;
the paint has no specific odor and is comfortable to work with;
the application process is not difficult, tools are easy to clean from paint;
Drying occurs in 1.5-3 hours, depending on conditions environment;
low consumption of color emulsion.

The downside is the temperature at which you can paint. It is permissible to work with paint provided that it is above +5°C. Low frost resistance limits its use in the cold season. Some representatives of water-based compositions require a long drying time - up to 24 hours, which the manufacturer indicates in the instructions.

Specifications

Water-based compositions differ in the following features and properties:

consumption - 150-200 ml/m² is consumed for 1 layer, the second layer is required depending on the absorbent properties and density of the material being painted;
viscosity - determines the degree of dilution of the composition, should be 40-45 s, when using a special sprayer - 20-25;
specific gravity - 1.3 kg/l;
drying time - up to a day, depending on the humidity in the room and temperature, most brands have a high drying speed;
Shelf life: 12 months in a tightly closed container at a temperature of +5°C;
fire hazard class - KM0-KM1.

Optimal conditions for drying are humidity 65%, temperature +20°C.

Types of water-based paints and their scope of application

Types of paints and varnishes are distinguished by the polymers they contain.

Types of water-based paint.

Water-based materials come in the following varieties:

polyvinyl acetate;
mineral;
silicate;
acrylic;
latex;
silicone.

Based on their area of use, they are divided into primers, façades, and interior finishing.

Primers are used to increase the adhesion of the substrate being painted, strengthen the substrate, and eliminate minor defects.

Facades must be resistant to adverse external factors and abrasion, and not afraid of UV and microorganisms. There are special requirements for compositions for interior work, but their water resistance may be low.

Polyvinyl acetate

They were the first to be used to make paints. At room temperature This polymer is hard, and plasticizers provide it with flexibility. The composition additionally contains stabilizers and pigments. Sold as a ready-to-use one-component composition, which does not need to be prepared by mixing before starting work.

Water-based paint is used more often for indoor painting. It contains no solvents. It dissolves well in water, forms an elastic coating, has good adhesion and does not have an unpleasant odor.

Water-based polyvinyl acetate paint.

Properties of polyvinyl acetate compounds:

increased resistance to wear factors;
not harmful;
fire safety;
color fastness;
you can hide defects up to 1 mm;
long operational period;
prevention of the formation of fungus and mold.

Mineral

Mineral compositions contain cement or lime. Their advantage is the ability to use on any surface. They are well suited for walls and ceilings in an apartment. Can be used outdoors. The disadvantage of this composition is its short service life.

Pros also include high strength, moisture resistance, resistance to mineral oils and fats. This paint is not afraid of sunlight and does not peel off over time.

Silicate

Silicate water emulsion is made from liquid glass with the addition of pigments. It has excellent air- and vapor-tight properties and a long service life - up to 20 years. Well suited for buildings with unstable groundwater.

The consumption of the composition is small - up to 300 ml/m². The density depends on the application method; for a paint brush it is lower than for a sprayer. Used for facades and interior decoration. The downside is how long this paint takes to dry. This takes about a day.

Acrylic

Acrylic water-based paint.

Acrylic composition is the most common. The base contains acrylic resins. Additionally, latex can be used. They can be glossy or matte for painting walls and ceilings.

Key benefits:

quick drying, with the exception of the most budget types;
resistance to ultraviolet radiation, mechanical factors;
moisture resistance;
non-toxic.

The product has good adhesion to a wide variety of substrates. Can be applied to old paint, if it is not possible to remove it without compromising the characteristics.

Acrylic emulsion is an alternative to waterless enamels. It is affordable, dries quickly, and has a wide range of applications.

Latex

Latex water-based paints and varnishes have become widespread due to maintaining the indoor microclimate. They comply with GOST standards and have good price, are safe for use inside buildings.

The latex composition can be used to paint concrete, brick surfaces, wallpaper, and plaster. Suitable for ceiling finishing. The paint creates a moisture-resistant coating that can be washed with water. Included in the class of safe non-combustible materials.

Disadvantages will be poor resistance to ultraviolet radiation, lack of protection against fungus, and intolerance to sub-zero temperatures. In unfavorable conditions it peels off.

Silicone

Application of water-based silicone paint.

Water-based silicone paint is a mixture of persistent silicate and acrylic emulsions. Has improved characteristics due to the content of emulsified resin.

Suitable for cement substrates, bricks, plastered surfaces, stone, plasterboard. There are interior and façade views.

Silicone emulsions are waterproof, do not allow steam to pass through, and prevent the formation of mold and mildew.

During operation, they do not need to be treated with antiseptics. The disadvantage is the relatively high cost.

Which is better

For finishing ceilings and walls, craftsmen often prefer acrylic emulsion. This is due to its durability, strength, quick drying, and resistance to ultraviolet rays. Another advantage is that the surface can be washed with water, which is necessary for the kitchen and bathroom.

Acrylic emulsion fits well on popular surfaces - glass, brick, wood, concrete, metal, plaster. The paint does not wash off over time; the components of water-based paint qualitatively resist the effects of liquid. A double coat of paint can mask minor defects.

Aqueous emulsions can be selected for coating indoors and outdoors while maintaining environmental friendliness. Water-based paint and varnish compositions can be used in conditions of high humidity. However, they cannot tolerate cold.

The most popular water-based materials are those made by German manufacturers. Produced by Caparol, Dulux, Dufa. A popular foreign brand in Russia is Tikkurila.

When choosing paint, you need to focus on the type of work being carried out and environmental conditions. The instructions for each composition indicate the scope of application and application rules.

Water-based paint for exterior work is not so often used, but when interior decoration premises it is used most often. Water-based paint GOST 19214 80 guarantees the quality of the material. Today we will talk about it. There are options when millet is not replaceable, but there are cases where it should not be used.

The characteristics of this dye should be selected not just by color, but also by paying attention to the methods of application, since there are different types water-based paints.

Photos and videos will also be presented to your attention, where you can get additional and necessary information.

This material has a number of advantages:

Can be applied by hand. It is available in different packaging; for example, water-based paint in cans can make painting smaller surfaces easier.
Acceptable price also attracts consumers.
Excellent ability to hide dark areas on the wall surface we pass with one roller or one jet of a spray gun;
The coloring composition of the material has properties that allow quite dry quickly after application;
Simultaneously, water emulsion is not too liquid and is easy to apply to the surface;
Walls painted with water-based paint in any way are completely covered with the coloring composition, no smudges or marks from brushes and rollers;
The paint has no special odor, which distinguishes it from oil compositions, the smell of which lasts for two weeks;
When painting, water-based emulsion does not apply harm to health, does not require respiratory protection. Therefore, after completing the work, there is no need to urgently leave the premises;
Thanks to special colors You can get any paint color, adding them to the colorless composition (see How to tint paint: choosing an option). There is a varied palette of colors for water-based emulsions, which allows you to independently create the required color and shade. Each manufacturer provides its own table displaying shade options;
Water-based paint for exterior use is very easy and simple to use, and at the end of the work, painting accessories (brushes (see Painting brushes: which ones to choose) and rollers) can be easily washed in plain water.

Attention: If you have problems removing this dye, then retail trade There is even a remover for water-based paint that will help you wash everything off quickly.

Disadvantages of water-based dyes

Water-based emulsion has practically no disadvantages.

But they still exist:

There's quite a lot included in the paint. great content water. Therefore, it should not be used for painting metal and glossy objects;
It’s also quite easy to make it yourself and that’s why a lot of fakes have appeared. This dye is smeared after drying and flakes off. Therefore, it is better to give preference to proven brands.

During renovation work in a room, painting of the walls and ceiling is often required (see How to paint a ceiling with water-based paint to make it perfect). In addition, today there is a demand for painting facades.

So:

The coloring composition includes a water suspension of pigments, polymer substances and various fillers. Due to the polymers present in the paint, water quickly evaporates and creates a thin shell on the surface. Water-based dyes are distinguished by their type of use, properties and cost.
The main types of water-based dye include polyvinyl acetate, acrylic, latex, silicate and silicone. To answer the question of which type of water-based emulsion is best to use, it is necessary to consider the main types of this coloring matter and its corresponding characteristics.

Properties of polyvinyl acetate water-based emulsion

Water-based polyvinyl acetate paint composition is considered one of the cheapest and highest quality. It basically contains PVA glue and is used for painting walls and ceilings indoors. The great popularity of paint is due to its fairly low cost.

Advantages of polyvinyl acetate water-based dye:

Can be used when painting cardboard, wood, plaster-covered surfaces and other porous materials;
It is used when painting surfaces in rooms that must meet high fire safety standards;
contains no harmful components, fire- and explosion-proof; when using a variety of additives, you can independently create any color and shade, as well as make the coating shiny or matte;
The cost is much lower than other water-based emulsions;
Excellent coating for smooth wall surfaces lined with plasterboard;
Has fast drying time.

The disadvantages of polyvinyl acetate water-based emulsion include:

Not suitable for coating metal surfaces;
It is afraid of high humidity, so it is not suitable for work outside;
It has rather weak persistent properties, as a result of which it can only be worked in dry rooms.
The consumption when using a coloring solution is 250 grams of light and 150 grams of dark composition per square meter.

Basic properties of water-based acrylic dye

The coloring acrylic composition containing acrylic resins is a leader among other water-based emulsions due to its strength and elasticity. But it is far from cheap.

There are also analogues on sale at a lower price; their main components are vinyl acrylic, styrene acrylic and acrylic silicone acrylic copolymers, but their quality is not inferior to acrylic water-based emulsion with acrylic resins.

Features of acrylic water-based paint include:

Possibility of using it when covering indoor surfaces; use when painting outdoor surfaces, for example, brick or concrete facades;
Paint can be applied to a surface treated with a composition containing alkali (plaster), but only one month after completion of work, since the plaster hardens for quite a long time;
The main properties include low gas permeability, good protection of the concrete solution from corrosion;
This type of paint is widespread and can be purchased at any construction market or store;
It is not recommended to use acrylic paint on structures that have poor waterproofing of the base and damp walls. In this case, use a silicone or silicate coloring solution.

Proper waterproofing of the surface will be ensured by Universal rubber paint produced by the Mitsar plant (St. Petersburg). Despite the improved characteristics, the price and consumption of “Universal” per 1 sq. m lower than that of analogues. This is one of the reasons why Mitsar paints and enamels are also supplied under the State Defense Order.

Washable latex-based water-based emulsion

To create a surface that is not exposed to moisture, it is coated with a composition to which latex is added.

Such water-based floor paint will suit best way. It is also good to use for finishing the kitchen.
This surface can withstand 5000 brushing periods, whereas when painting ordinary paints Wiping should be done rarely and carefully. Thanks to these properties, it is most advantageous to paint walls in the kitchen and bathroom.
In addition, having a water-repellent property, the surface coated with paint has good vapor permeability. Water-based emulsion in two layers can cover cracks one millimeter wide, and there is no need to putty it first. This type of water-based emulsion has the highest cost.
The main companies producing washing paints are: Expert, Eco House, DALI, Premiere, Alpalux (ALPA).
Silicate water emulsion
It is a mixture of liquid glass containing additives of colored pigments. It can be used to paint any surface. The paint has an excellent degree of adhesion and is not afraid of moisture, sudden changes in temperature and other atmospheric phenomena.

The main features of the silicate coloring composition include:

Possibility of use when painting the walls of old buildings, as well as when there is high humidity in the room;
Walls coated with water-based paint have good air and vapor permeability;
The paint lasts on the wall surface for up to twenty years;

Popular manufacturers of water-based paints

A certificate for water-based paint is issued to each manufacturer separately, although there is only one GOST for water-based paint. Currently, quite a large number of companies are engaged in the production of various dyes.

From the variety of manufacturers, several companies can be distinguished whose products are in quite high demand. And water-based paint GOST 28196 89 determines the technical characteristics of this coating.

Tikkurila products	Tikkurila is a very popular company for the production of coloring compositions among consumers. Water-based paints are of excellent quality, but their prices are quite high. Due to their safety from an environmental point of view, they are used to paint children's rooms and premises of various institutions. Surfaces painted with Tikkurila paint have a long service life and a high degree of strength. The dyes from this manufacturer are suitable for surfaces made of wood, concrete and plaster mixture. They are resistant to fire and moisture and are an excellent solution for painting kitchens and bathrooms.
Paint and varnish products from Dufa	Painting products produced by Dufa are distinguished by their high cost and the highest quality parameters. This manufacturer produces a large number various types paints, the range includes both conventional waterproof dyes and compositions with textured additives. The quality of the surface being painted is affected by the composition of the paint. Dufa products are perfect for various rooms. The surface processed with its help has a glossy, matte and reflective effect.
Paint and varnish products of the company "Dulaks"	The Dulaks company has proven itself well in the paint and varnish market, producing high-quality coloring compositions. To manufacture its products, the manufacturer uses various technical innovations in the form of special additives. These include additives to increase whiteness, and even marble powder. Especially for the decoration of children's rooms, the company's specialists have developed and released a series of paint and varnish products for children. The Dulux company produces products for all types of coatings, the price of which, unfortunately, is very high and sometimes not affordable for everyone.
Paint produced by Tex	The domestic company produces high-quality products for consumers with average incomes. The coating has a long service life and is absolutely safe from an environmental point of view. Paints with increased moisture resistance are excellent for painting bathrooms and kitchen premises. Tex products are one of the most popular on the market building materials, which means high quality time-tested products.
Paint and varnish products of the company "Caparol"	In the territory Russian Federation The Caparol company is not popular enough, although it produces products of the highest class. Many paints from this manufacturer are unavailable due to their high cost. Painting compounds are excellent for kitchens and bathrooms, as they are highly resistant to damp environments.
Products of the Snezhka company	The Polish manufacturer of paints and varnishes produces a wide range of painting products. Each room has its own type of paint. The products are intended for consumers with different income levels. For rooms where children will be constantly present, a special series of Disney paints has been released. It should be noted that Snezhka products have a lot negative reviews concerning the quality of the goods.
Painting products from Lakra	Another domestic manufacturer. This company gained popularity due to the fact that it produces paint at prices affordable for many consumers. Painting compositions are developed for indoors various types. Waterproof varieties of paints are produced for bathrooms and kitchens. Basically, the products of this manufacturer have high quality characteristics.

Attention: How much this dye costs depends on its type and manufacturer. When purchasing, give preference to proven brands and this will be the key to the quality and durability of the coating.

Making your own water-based paint

In terms of their composition, all water-based emulsions do not have any special differences. They have a viscous base (glue, etc.), fillers, dye and various elements in the form of additives. The type of binder base depends on the area of application of the dye.

Oil paints are made from an oil base, while water-based paints are made from a water base. Making water emulsion yourself is quite easy.

To do this you will need:

PVA glue (the main component for viscosity) - from 0.5 to 1 kilogram per ten liters of water;
Chalk powder (as a filler) – 6 kilograms;
Plasticizer – 50 grams;
Dye to obtain the required color and shade;
Non-toxic pigment powder or color for water-based coloring solution.

The cooking process is as follows:

First you need to dissolve the PVA in water, then add a plasticizer and chalk powder to it, and mix to get a homogeneous white composition. Then add dyes.
We determine consistency and viscosity by eye. The resulting mixture should evenly cover the surface and not be very thick.
To obtain plasticity, you can add more glue and plasticizer. Before starting staining, the solution must be filtered.

Textured water-based paint or non-flammable water-based paint, all of them must be applied according to technology. And there are instructions for each of them on our website, so be sure to read them before starting work.