What is a two-component varnish for parquet. What varnish is best for parquet. Type #2 - anhydrous option

At the final stage, it is imperative to cover with a layer of varnish. But which varnish to choose, because getting lost in a huge variety today is as easy as shelling pears? We will help you with the choice of varnish, tell you about the advantages and disadvantages of each type. Let's try to figure out which varnish for parquet is better in a given situation.

What is it for

First of all, let's define what functions the paintwork performs. First, it is a protective function. It should protect your parquet from all kinds of mechanical influences, it should also be resistant to sunlight (does not dry out), resistant to moisture, because if you pour a glass of water on a tree, after a while it will begin to rot.

Secondly, the function of parquet varnish is to give the wood an unusual shine and a certain shade. Thus, parquet varnish allows you to increase the life of the floor and emphasize the natural, giving additional shades.

Varieties

There are five main types of varnish at once according to their chemical composition:

Polyurethane.
Water based.
Oil based.
Priming.
Acid cured.

In addition, varnishes can be divided according to external features:

Matte.
Semi-matte.
Glossy.
Semi-gloss.
Silky matte.

Consider each type of varnish in terms of chemical composition separately, highlight the advantages / disadvantages and try to decide which parquet varnish to choose.

Video review of parquet varnish

polyurethane

The basis of such a varnish are various chemicals - acrylic, urethane or solvents. If it was produced on the basis of a solvent, then before curing occurs, all solvents must evaporate from the surface of the floor. Among other things, aromatic substances are usually added to polyurethane. The varnish can be one-component (PUR) and two-component (DD).

This varnish does not contain water, it is perfect for those rooms where a large number of people constantly accumulate. If we compare polyurethane and water-based, then the first one dries many times faster, since water evaporation is not required here. In the process, make sure that even the wood does not have high humidity (not higher than 8%).

Advantages:

Sun resistance.
Thermal resistance.
Increased adhesion (stickiness).
Coating elasticity.
Acceptable price.
Parquet shines after application.
No primer required.
Will be suitable for any microclimate of the room.
During operation, they are resistant to moisture.

Flaws:

If moisture gets on it before drying, then from above or foam.
Can glue planks together.

Water based varnish

Otherwise, they are called water-soluble. They include emulsifiers, solvents, and water. It is because of this varnish that dries a little differently than the rest. After application, the water must first evaporate. Evaporation of water leads to an increase in the concentration of solvents, which eventually begin to evaporate, and in parallel start the chemical reaction of the binder. And only after that there is curing.

Advantages:

The smell is relatively neutral. It is, but not in such quantities as others.
They have increased fire safety. Not combustible.
Even if drops of water get in, nothing will happen, since the varnish anyway consists of a water base.

Flaws:

It can get into the gaps between the plates, which will lead to the appearance of parquet creaks while walking.
Minimum wear resistance. And if you buy water-soluble varnishes with special additives that increase this indicator, then you will need to achieve a room humidity of at least 50%. In winter, this is completely impossible to do.
Very demanding on who will have to varnish the floor surface. So, in most cases, only a roller is suitable, and even that will have to be chosen for hours.
Not suitable for certain types of wood - beech, pine, hornbeam.
Short-lived.
Requires parquet boards to be primed.

Oil based varnishes

Another name is alkyd. This type is made on the basis of resins of the same name. I would like to immediately note one significant advantage, which, with a number of shortcomings, ceases to be such: the adhesive has various wood, linen inclusions in its composition, which allows it to deeply impregnate the parquet board. But if you find significant shortcomings, which we will discuss below, then this property will no longer seem like an advantage to you, because it will take several millimeters at once to remove the paintwork layer.

In addition to alkyd resins, the composition includes a white spirit solvent. Depending on its concentration, they are divided into highly concentrated alkyd and low-concentrated alkyd.

Advantages:

Emphasize the natural beauty and structure of wood.
The varnish is absorbed into the wood, which means it will not flow into the gaps between the planks and stick them together.
Resistant to changes in temperature and humidity in the room, protects the parquet board from mechanical damage.

Flaws:

Hot air drying is not acceptable. It will be necessary to ventilate the room and the doors, which means that there is a high probability that the “aromas” will scatter throughout the apartment.
Although it absorbs fairly well into the wood, do not overdo it with the thickness, as wrinkles can appear on the surface after drying.
Minimum wear resistance - if you already use alkyd varnishes, then only to cover furniture.
It takes a long time to dry, at least a day.
Drying requires the presence of oxygen, so the rooms must be constantly ventilated.

Priming varnishes

Perhaps this type should have been singled out as a separate column and not included in the general list. The fact is that primers are not the main coating of parquet, but at the same time remain an integral part of it. Priming components were initially included in the composition of professional adhesives, but if you bought a regular varnish, then before applying to the parquet, you should first use a primer. It increases the bond between the base coat and the wood.

Other functional features of the primer include: helps to give the parquet a uniform shade, reduces the adhesive between the joints of the planks, isolates the natural oils of exotic wood, isolates the dice with high humidity from the base coat to prevent the appearance of bubbles and foam.

When choosing a primer and base coat, it is best to buy solutions from the same company. Depending on the composition, the primer dries from 20 minutes to three hours maximum. In addition, the use of this reduces the cost of applying the main varnish, since the primer layer significantly reduces the absorption into the base dies.

Acid cured

In a different way - formaldehyde, since they contain resins of the same name. The question immediately arises: “Is this varnish harmful to health due to the presence of harmful substances, formaldehydes?”. Not a drop, because during the drying process all formaldehydes evaporate from the surface.

Advantages:

Has high adhesion with wood.
Possesses high firmness before difference of humidity of the room and air temperature.
It can be applied with absolutely any tool (even with a brush, even with a roller).
No primer coat required.
Lightens the parquet board.

Flaws:

You will need a respirator and constant ventilation of the air due to the disgusting smell.
Glue the sides of the parquet dies.
The smell from it will disappear completely after about three days.

Conclusion

Thus, the varnish for parquet is chosen depending on many factors - the permeability of the room, the quality of the parquet board and the wood from which it is made. You already know how to choose a varnish for parquet, so you can safely head to the store. If you still have any questions, then ask them in the comments below. We will be glad to hear your stories about what parquet flooring you use!

Parquet is valued not only for its aesthetic beauty, but also for its environmental friendliness, practicality and durability. Such a coating is in favor with people who receive aesthetic pleasure from natural good-quality things that create unique comfort and coziness. However, like all floor coverings, parquet tends to get dirty.

To save and protect it from the harmful effects of dirt and dust, it is necessary to create a protective coating. It is not advisable to use paint for these purposes. It will hide all the beauty of natural material. Parquet varnish will help protect the coating from contamination and preserve the woody texture. It is only necessary to make the right choice and follow the technology when applying the composition to the coating. How to do this will be discussed.

Varieties of varnishes for parquet

Many people think when buying parquet varnish how to choose the right composition so as not to spoil the coating. It is important not only to choose a quality product, but also to use it skillfully. It is difficult to say which varnish for parquet is better, it all depends on the purpose of the room. From the wide variety of products offered, three categories of varnishes can be distinguished:

water soluble;
anhydrous, produced on the basis of oil resins;
acid-cured.

Type #1 - water soluble varnish

The basis of water-soluble varnish is water. It contains practically no solvents. It is environmentally friendly and safe. Since this varnish for parquet is odorless, it can be used in rooms for children and allergy sufferers. It is non-toxic and non-flammable. However, water-soluble varnishes are less stable and are afraid of low temperatures. When it gets between the planks of the parquet, the composition sticks them together, so it is recommended to use a primer before applying such varnishes.

Type #2 - anhydrous option

Waterless varnishes include solvent-based alkyd resins. They are extracted from wood or linseed oil, which contributes to the deep penetration of the composition into the structure of the tree. Alkyd varnish can be used in rooms with changes in humidity, temperature and vibration loads.

It is also good for parquet made of “finicky” wood species. But alkyd varnish is more sensitive to drying conditions. To harden, it needs an influx of fresh air and a stable temperature. In addition, the consumption of varnish for parquet per layer should not exceed 120 grams per 1 m². Excessively thick coating may wrinkle.

Another representative of waterless varnishes is polyurethane. Due to its durability, it is successfully used in areas with increased exploitation. As well as the possibility of chemical exposure. The polyurethane varnish must be protected from water during the drying process. Subsequently, it is less susceptible to moisture and temperature changes.

Type #3 - Acid Cured Lacquer

Acid-cured varnishes are considered the most resistant of similar coatings. They are used in rooms with increased load on the surface. Since this is a two-component parquet varnish, it is mixed with a hardener (10 to 1) containing an acid before use. Therefore, the time of use of such a composition is limited to 8 hours.

Since the varnish emits harmful fumes during application, it is recommended to use personal protective equipment. And the room in which the work is carried out should be well ventilated.

Lacquering technology for parquet

Well, now let's actually move on to the process itself. It is desirable that the air temperature in the room during the work was in the range of 12-25 degrees. It is at this temperature that the varnish lays down and dries well.

Preparatory work

Before varnishing the parquet, it must be prepared. A prerequisite for preparing the base for applying varnish is grinding. It must be carried out in the right direction. With a "deck" arrangement of parquet, grinding is carried out at an angle of 45º to the planks.

Planks arranged in a herringbone pattern are ground along the pattern.

If the old parquet is defective, it must be puttied. It is not always possible to find a composition that matches the color. Therefore, for putty, sawdust left after grinding is used, mixed with a liquid based on nitrocellulose. The grinding process lasts until the top dull layer is completely removed. Then the parquet is cleaned of debris and dust.

Upon completion of the preparatory work, the floor should have a natural "live" color. If the parquet is covered with wax, it must be removed with white spirit before sanding. Otherwise, it will contaminate the sanding belt.

Varnishing parquet

After careful preparation of the base, the parquet is directly varnished. It can be applied with a roller, brush, spray gun. To apply the composition with an airbrush, the varnish is diluted with white spirit. Dilution up to 10% of the varnish volume is allowed.

After the first layer has dried, the parquet is treated with a grinder with fine-grained paper. Clean the surface and apply a second layer. Application from 3 to 5 layers is allowed. The average varnish consumption is 0.8-1 liters per m².

Caring for parquet after varnishing

Even if you have used a quick-drying parquet varnish, it is advisable to protect the floors from excessive exposure at first. The service life of the renovated parquet depends on how carefully the lacquer coating is handled in the first days. Do not immediately lay carpets on the floor. Wait a couple of weeks. To protect the parquet, stick felt pads on the legs of the furniture. Where possible, lay rugs under the interior items. It is advisable to treat the surface once a year with a composition to revive the varnish coating.

Video with an example of work

If you are still thinking about how to varnish the parquet, first of all decide on the purpose of the room and the possible load on the base. Anhydrous alkyd-polyurethane varnishes are wear-resistant, but require special drying conditions. Acid-cured varnishes are resistant, but contain harmful substances. Water - environmentally friendly, but less resistant to abrasion and temperature extremes. Decide what is more important for you.

Parquet is a common floor covering. Real parquet costs a lot of money. But the material itself requires careful maintenance, since without it the tree can become unusable in a year. That is why the parquet should be varnished, which will protect the material from damage and moisture. Varnish for parquet remains the most common type of coating. Choosing a good varnish is not so easy, given the rich assortment presented by modern manufacturers.

If the owner of the apartment decided to process the parquet with his own hands, then it is he who will have to choose the varnish coating for the parquet. Of course, it is better to entrust the work of varnishing parquet to a professional who installs parquet boards. It is he who will be able to determine the varnish consumption per 1m2 and decide which varnish is better to cover the wooden surface.

One of the most important criteria for choosing a varnish is the functional purpose of the room and the possible load on the coating.

Parquet varnish varies according to the type of load. If no more than three people live in the room, then a varnish that can withstand a minimum load is suitable. When choosing a varnish, it is also important to consider in which room it will be used. For example, the kitchen and corridor are rooms with a high level of pollution. To cover the parquet in these rooms, it is necessary to use a varnish that is resistant to dirt and moisture.

Lacquer options:

Technological. They can be fluid, viscous, differ in the method of application.
Chemical. They can be primer, alkyd, urethane-alkyd, acid-cured, polyurethane, formaldehyde.
According to external parameters. They can be transparent, coloring, glossy, semi-gloss, matte, semi-matte, silky-matte.

Varnishes can quite successfully cope with exposure to direct sunlight, external irritants. Quality materials have a long service life. When buying, it is important to pay attention to quality certificates from the manufacturer.

Parquet varnishing: what are the compositions

There are many types of varnishes for parquet. Before buying a varnish, you need to familiarize yourself with its purpose. In order to protect the parquet as much as possible from damage and shed its service life, you will need more than one composition.

Each varnish has a specific purpose, which allows you to buy them all together or each separately.

It is necessary to cover the parquet with varnish, otherwise it will lose its appearance in six months or a year, which will be very unpleasant, since upholstering the floor with parquet costs a lot of material costs. Types of varnishes have their own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

Types of varnishes:

Primer. Suitable for finishing. It helps the finish bond better to the wood planks. Such compositions give the parquet an even and beautiful shade. Also, a primer varnish can protect against accidental water ingress. Lacquer allows you to save the amount of finishing.
Waterborne varnish. Perfectly combines affordable price and acceptable quality. Lacquer makes the coating as durable, reliable and solid as possible. They are not very durable. They need to be applied with special application tools.
Anhydrous or polyurethane. They can be one-component and two-component. The varnish dries quickly. Before applying them, the surface does not need to be primed. Lacquers are resistant to temperature and humidity changes.
Oil based (alkyd). The varnish is made on the basis of alkyd resins. It penetrates deep into the structure of wood, protecting it from the inside. Lacquer gives the parquet a beautiful appearance. The composition must be applied correctly, otherwise the painting of the parquet may be unsuccessful.

Formaldehyde varnishes adhere well to parquet. Acid varnish withstands sudden changes in air humidity and temperature. They are easy to apply with any painting tools.

Fast-drying, odorless parquet varnish

Water-based varnishes dry the fastest. It acts in this way: after being applied to the surface, water first evaporates, then solvents, and only after the components that bind them. Thanks to the formed film, the surface dries quickly enough.

Water-based polyurethane varnish is considered the highest quality and most reliable.

Although it is a water-soluble varnish, it is distinguished by the strength and reliability of the coating, unlike its "predecessors". If the composition of the water-based varnish does not include polyurethane, they are considered short-lived, as they are easily damaged by mechanical and chemical influences. The advantage of polyurethane-based varnish is the almost complete absence of odor.

Lacquer Benefits:

Has no smell.
Dries quickly.
Does not ignite.
Does not contain toxic substances.

Lacquering can be done even if there are people in the apartment. With proper application and drying, the varnish lasts for many years. Compositions can be one-component and two-component.

Polyurethane parquet varnish

Modern manufacturers provide a large selection of varnishes for parquet floors. Water-based varnishes are considered the safest and most reliable. Of course, they, like all compositions, have their advantages and disadvantages.

The most practical and durable varnish of all water-based varnishes is polyurethane. It creates a strong foam that protects the product from damage.

The protective film, which is formed after applying varnish to the parquet, does not affect the change in the color of the wood and its patterns. Such a varnish does not spoil the wood in any way, does not destroy its structure. Lacquer with polyurethane is practically odorless, which allows it to be used even in a room with people.

Features of varnish with polyurethane:

Does not contain toxic substances;
Safe for human health;
Dries quickly;
Easy to apply;
Long serves.

Polyurethane varnishes do not cause allergies and headaches. The varnish dries quickly and gives the parquet a beautiful shine. This is a very reliable coating that is not afraid of changes in humidity levels, temperature conditions, and is also not afraid of fire.

How many layers of varnish should be applied to the parquet

Parquet varnishing is performed immediately after sanding and sanding. The varnish gives the parquet a finished look and at the same time protects the wood flooring from damage. The technology for applying varnish is different and depends on the type of varnish being applied.

It is important to remember that the more layers, the more likely it is that the coating will last for many years and will not lose its appearance.

Depending on the selected varnish, the surface of the floor will have a different sheen. When buying, it is important to pay attention to whether the varnish is transparent or gives the wood a certain color. Lacquer can be glossy and lacquer. If the wood has defects, then glossy varnish will only strengthen them.

Layering Tips:

It is best to cover the parquet with three to seven layers of varnish.
Each layer reinforces the surface, making it more durable.
Depth and volume will appear only after applying the prescribed number of layers.
Layers are best applied to a carefully prepared surface.
The coverage must be even.

When buying varnish, it is important to read the instructions for its use. It varies depending on the composition. Varnish can be applied with different painting tools: sponge, roller, etc. The ease of application of varnish largely depends on its type. Some varnishes are very whimsical, they cannot be applied with the first tools that come across. In addition, movements during application are important: they must be accurate.

Types of varnish for parquet (video)

If there is parquet in the house, you can not do without varnish for it. It is important to choose a high quality varnish so that the coating is reliable, durable and hard. A good varnish dries quickly, has no pungent odor, and is safe for human health. It also gives the surface a beautiful appearance. One of the well-known and reliable coatings is the Turkish Marshal varnish. Modern manufacturers offer a wide range of varnish products, thanks to which the parquet will last for many years. Of course, a lot depends on the careful handling of the flooring.

Parquet, as one of the best eco-friendly floor coverings, creates a unique homely atmosphere in the house. This material can last a very long time, but only if it is properly protected. The most practical method is varnishing. Therefore, you need to understand in detail the features and subtleties of how to choose the right varnish for parquet and its application.

Which varnish for parquet to choose

The right choice of varnish for parquet is a responsible task, because the duration of the operation of the coating, as well as its attractive appearance, will depend on it. When selecting material, one should take into account the number of residents in the house, the patency of the room and the accuracy of use.

Varnish for parquet is divided into:

Primer.
Water.
Anhydrous.
Acid cured.

Priming varnishes are applied as a connecting layer between a parquet board and a finishing covering. Such material allows you to significantly reduce the consumption of the main varnish and get the perfect shade of the floor.

But the only thing to consider when using a primer is its compatibility with the top coat. The components of these 2 compositions must be in contact with each other. For example, if a water-based varnish will be used, then you need to choose a primer with a similar composition. If this is not followed, then after the finish coating the floor may become spotty and you will have to completely remove all layers and varnish the floor again.

Water-based varnish is one of the budget options. It is suitable for rooms with low traffic, because such a coating is quickly erased.

In addition, before applying such a varnish, it is necessary to overprime the surface, otherwise the coating composition will penetrate into the parquet cracks and glue the boards. Also, water-based varnish should dry at a uniform temperature. Despite such disadvantages of varnish, this option is ideal for those who suffer from allergies, because it has no smell.

If in the previous varnish there were no solvents in the composition, then in water-free varnish they are available. Such a varnish is practically not afraid of sudden changes in temperature. The most popular water-based varnish is polyurethane. It is quite resistant, penetrates deeply into the parquet board, promotes the manifestation of the beautiful structure of the tree. Such varnishes withstand moisture, which ensures easy cleaning of the floor. It is allowed to apply such material on a clean board without a primer.

Polyurethane varnish during drying must be protected from moisture. This will provide a higher wear resistance of the coating.

There is also an anhydrous alkyd varnish. It is less stable during operation than polyurethane. But also, like the previous version, it withstands changes in temperature fluctuations and humidity in the room. The only thing to consider when working with this material is not to apply it in a thick layer. If this is not followed, then the coating will take wrinkles. Alkyd varnish can also be applied immediately to a clean parquet board, without first priming it. After all, such material does not have adhesive properties, due to which parquet boards do not stick together.

If a very large load on the floor is expected in the room, then it is necessary to stop the choice on the most wear-resistant coating - on acid curing varnish. This material contains a hardener (based on acid), which ensures its high strength after drying. But when working with this varnish, you need to take care of the preparation of personal protective equipment - gloves and a mask. During the application of such a varnish, harmful vapors are released, which, when inhaled, manifest a negative impact on health.

How to sand parquet

When the necessary varnish for the parquet is selected, it remains only to properly prepare the coating for varnishing. This will require a sanding machine that performs grinding using special skins with different grain sizes.

The procedure for sanding the floor is as follows:

In primary rough processing.
secondary processing.
Finishing the corners of the room.

Primary processing of the floor consists of a rough removal of the top layer of the parquet. Masters often call this process scraping. For this, a belt type machine is used. Insert 40 grit paper into it. You can also use 60 grit.

After turning on the machine, the grinder must be driven across the parquet boards. After rough processing, longitudinal grooves will remain on the parquet.

During processing, you need to make smooth movements, do not press the device. In addition, you need to ensure that all areas of the floor are evenly processed. To do this, after grinding the first strip, you need to start processing the second, which goes 5 cm onto the previous one.

Primary grinding can be omitted in cases where new parquet has been laid.

Therefore, processing begins immediately with secondary finishing.

After that, secondary grinding is done, which ensures the smoothness of the surface. To do this, the nozzle in the machine changes to 80 or 100 grit. Then grinding begins, the technology of which is similar to the primary processing.

After grinding is completed, a thorough dusting must be carried out. To do this, it is better to use a powerful vacuum cleaner. If this procedure is not carried out, then small particles will remain under the varnish, which will make the parquet unaesthetic.

After proper sanding, the wood should have a natural beautiful color. Rough processing allows you to remove the top layer of the old coating, which has lost its presentable appearance.

Lacquering parquet. Step-by-step instruction

When the floor surface is sanded and cleaned of dust, it is necessary to protect the floor from insects and mold. To do this, it is recommended to use an antiseptic, which processes the entire surface of the floor. After that, the room is left for at least a day to dry.

The main stages of applying varnish on a parquet floor:

Application of the 1st layer.
Grinding.
Application of the 2nd layer.
Grinding.
Application of the 3rd layer (if necessary).

After covering the floor with the last layer, the room is left to dry.

First you need to prepare a new brush with a wide bristle. This tool must be purchased of good quality so that the pile does not fall off it, otherwise it will all remain on the coating.

After that, you need to take a position at the window and gradually move towards the door. Lacquer should be applied along the planks.

When applying varnish with a roller, it is necessary to make reciprocating movements.

When applying varnish, it is difficult to miss an unpainted element, because the varnish immediately after application makes the surface more saturated and bright. But still, you need to carefully monitor the accuracy of the application. After full coverage, the room is left to dry. Ventilation must be provided. After drying, the floor is lightly sanded with 100 grit sandpaper. This process will allow the first and second coats of varnish to bond better.

Then the 2nd layer is applied. If the patency of the rooms is high enough, then it will be necessary to apply the 3rd layer of varnish with preliminary polishing of the 2nd layer.

The video will help you more clearly see the whole process of varnishing the parquet floor. The instruction contains information on applying 2 layers of varnish.

When varnishing parquet, you can follow the advice of professionals who know how to avoid mistakes:

In old parquet, remove protruding nails that could damage the grinder.
Before sanding, treat the surface with white spirit, which will remove the protective wax. If this is not done, then the sandpaper will quickly become clogged, which will lead to a large consumption of material.
Old parquet should be carefully inspected for damaged boards. If there are damaged elements, then they must be replaced.
Before applying varnish to the entire surface, you need to check this material on a separate area of \u200b\u200bthe floor, which is located in a poorly visible area of \u200b\u200bthe room.
It is necessary to take into account the optimal temperature for drying varnish, which is in the range from +12 to +25 0 С.

The finished lacquered floor should have a smooth, shiny surface. If the floor is rough, then mistakes were made in the grinding process. For example, the base of the floor was treated with very rough paper, followed by very fine sanding, which did not eliminate the grooves after the first treatment. Therefore, for polishing parquet, you can consistently use 3 types of sandpaper: 40, 60, 100 grit. Or 60, 100, 120.

Varnishing a parquet floor is not a very difficult job. Proper selection and application of varnish, thorough cleaning of the surface from dust and further proper care will help maintain the aesthetic appearance of the parquet for many years. Additionally, this finishing method is relatively inexpensive, which is a good bonus.