Calculation of roofing material on the roof of the garage. How to properly cover the roof with roofing material? Care and maintenance: features of the operation of the coating

Once very popular, roofing material is still used as roofing material. And, although such a roof in its elegance cannot be compared, for example, with a metal tile coating, it has its undeniable trump cards - the simplicity of the coating process and the minimum costs required for this. How to lay a roof with roofing felt if you know all the features and sequence of its installation?

Types and properties of roofing material

Ruberoid is a plastic-based multilayer material: its cardboard base is covered with an astringent bitumen-polymer coating, and more is applied on top. upper layer, which performs not only decorative functions, but also provides sufficient abrasive strength.

This technology gives the roofing material the following positive properties:

Convenience of laying, as the material is produced in rolls, which are convenient to handle on the roof.
Sufficient flexibility allows the use of roofing material with sudden changes in the configuration of the coating.
The presence of a protective layer provides resistance to solar radiation.
The material has excellent moisture resistance, water resistance and resistance to the accumulation of static electricity (the latter, by the way, cannot boast of the same metal tile).

However, due to the presence of a cardboard base (even with appropriate impregnation), the material does not have good mechanical strength, so in most cases it is laid in several layers. It is also worth noting the fire hazard of roofing material.

To answer the question - how to properly lay a roof with roofing material, you must first understand the characteristics of the material.

Roofing material of grade “K” is suitable for coating, and the following markings indicate the characteristics of the fractions of the external dressing:

K - coarse-grained; it is used in the absence of sharp turns of the roof and roll bends. Suitable for flat roofs - sheds, outbuildings, etc.;
M - fine-grained, is considered the most versatile and high-quality;
P - scaly from mica; due to the increase in the weight of one linear meter, lightweight cardboard is used for the production of such roofing material, therefore its mechanical characteristics are somewhat lower.

For a multilayer roof, roofing material of grade K is always taken as the top layer. In this case, the density of the material (the following marking numbers) should be maximum.

Also issued and euroroofing material. Since its thickness is greater, the number of laying layers can also be reduced. In addition, some brands of euroruberoid (from foreign manufacturers) have a surface ornament. This will not particularly affect the durability of the coating, but it will increase its aesthetic qualities. Worth mentioning and glass roofing material: appeared relatively recently, this roofing material is much less sensitive to external temperature changes.

The length of the material roll according to GOST is 15 m. Standard Width sheet 1 m (with a possible plus tolerance of up to 25 ... 50 mm), but there are sheets with a width of 750 mm. Thus, it is not particularly difficult to calculate the consumption of roofing material for roofing.

How to lay roofing material on the roof

In budgetary options for its installation, roofing material is used mainly in construction country houses built with the predominant use of wood. How to properly lay roofing felt on a wooden roof?

The process begins with the following preparatory work:

Alignment of the source material - the roll must be rolled out at least a day before the start of laying and let it mature. All work, by the way, must be carried out in dry and moderately warm weather: at an air temperature of less than 10 0 C, the material may deform, and at temperatures above 30 0 C, the bituminous mastic that is part of the roofing material will begin to lose its high viscosity.
Cleaning the original surface, removing protrusions and puttying depressions. The flooring should be primed using weatherproof compounds. All surface seams are especially carefully rubbed.
Rolls of roofing material are cut according to the size of the roof. In this case, the minimum dimensions of the overlap of adjacent rolls are 100 ... 150 mm.
Bituminous mastic is applied on completely dried flooring. It can be heated: the technology of application depends on the roofing felt recommended by the manufacturer for this brand. Check out information about .

We lay roofing felt on a wooden roof

The laying process should begin with lowered sections of the roof: overhangs, places for the subsequent placement of gutters, etc. At the same time, if the density of the roofing material exceeds 4 kg / running meter, then it is permissible to perform the laying in a single layer. The choice of laying direction - longitudinal or transverse - does not really matter.

Which side to lay the roofing material? At the ends of the coating the material must be laid with the topping up because otherwise the bonding quality will deteriorate. The same is done with the hot laying method, with melting bituminous mastic. With multi-layer laying of roofing material in a cold way, laying with top dressing is obligatory only for the top layer: in this case, the conditions for natural ventilation of the coating improve. Each next layer of roofing material is laid with a shift of 150 ... 200 mm relative to the previous one.

To guarantee a uniform and tight adhesion, it is necessary that the bituminous adhesive protrudes beyond the surface of the roll by at least 5 mm during application. Its excess is removed with a sharp knife after the connection is complete.

There are a number of nuances in view of the fact that the roof will be horizontal:

Filling the initial surface of the flooring is carried out by dissolving bitumen in a solution of gasoline, and ready composition fill all the cracks, bumps and gaps, the primer layer should not be more than 50 mm;
Only hot laying is used, and not only the roll itself is heated, but also the flooring;
The roofing material is laid in two layers, with the second - in a direction perpendicular to the first. The top layer must be placed with the top layer up;
The ends of the coating are additionally fixed with slate nails. For temperate climatic zones, the top coating can be smeared with bituminous mastic.

Watch the video on how to properly lay the roofing material on the roof:

The roof is the most important part of the house, the quality of which depends on the comfort of living in it. And if modern cottages are covered with expensive roofing materials, then for small country houses, garages and outbuildings, most owners still choose roofing material. This inexpensive material has proven itself successfully for several decades. The article will talk about how to choose the right material and cover the roof with roofing felt so that one lasts for many years without additional repairs.

Advantages of roofing material as a roofing material

Ruberoid is an inexpensive and widely available material. At its core, it is a construction cardboard, which is impregnated with oil bitumen and covered with a refractory material. It is sold in the form of rolls. different lengths. In some cases, either a layer of asbestos or talc is applied to the roofing material, depending on its purpose.

The main advantages of this roofing material are that it creates a very good waterproofing, and laying it with your own hands is not very difficult. The price of covering the roof with roofing felt is also important; today it is the cheapest roofing material.

But in addition to the advantages, the roofing material also has disadvantages:

this material is highly flammable;
it also has a rather low strength;
disadvantages include its appearance, for example, comparing it with slate or shingles.

Ruberoid is used as a final roofing, or simply as one of the layers of the "pie" of the roof. Its main task is to protect the building from precipitation. But besides this, roofing material is also used as a waterproofing material in basements and warehouses.

It should also be said that it is used not only for construction work. There are some people who manage to heat stoves with roofing material, as well as fertilize their garden with it. Some still claim that it has soundproofing qualities, but this, of course, is not true. The sound insulation of this material is no better than that of linoleum.

Roofing material is made both on a cardboard base and on fiberglass. The material based on roofing paper has a not very long service life, and low strength. That is why it is put in five or even more layers. But fiberglass roofing material can be laid without fear in two or even one layer, and this is quite enough.

Roofing device from roofing material

It is necessary to unroll the rolls in advance and allow the roofing material to be unrolled for at least one day. This is done so that the roofing material does not twist during operation. Another tip, before starting work, you need to see what the weather is like at the moment. The day must be sunny and optimum temperature air is at least twenty degrees.

First, the surface is lubricated with a special mastic on a bitumen basis. There are a large number of types of mastics, and which one will be chosen in a particular case depends on the type of roofing material. It is recommended to contact the employees of the hardware store who will help determine the material. To date, there is a roofing material with a self-adhesive surface on sale, which greatly facilitates and speeds up the installation process.

During installation, the sheets are laid perfectly evenly and parallel to each other.

It is also worth paying special attention to the junctions between the wall and the roofing material - there should not even be small gaps.

Summarizing the above, we can conclude. With short deadlines and a modest budget, but having the need to create a reliable roof, and the priority is the quality, not the aesthetics of the roof, it will be quite logical and justified to opt for roofing material.

Roofing material marking

There are many types of roofing felt for laying on the roof, each of which has its own marking.

First comes the name of the material "P" - which means roofing material.
The second letter indicates the method of application of the material: "P" - lining and "K" - roofing.
The third letter characterizes the type of dressing: "M" - fine-grained, "H" - scaly, "K" - coarse-grained and "P" - pulverized.
The numbers after the letter abbreviation indicate the density of the cardboard.

For example, let's decipher the brand of roofing material RKK -420 - Roofing felt with Coarse-grained dressing with a density of 420 g / m2.

Self-covering the roof with roofing felt

Before starting to lay the roofing material, it is necessary to prepare the bituminous mastic. In total, two types are distinguished - these are hot and cold mastic.

How to make bituminous mastic and primer with your own hands

For the manufacture of mastic you will need:

several pieces of bitumen without impurities;
fillers (most often it is asbestos);
plasticizer.

To obtain 5 kg of finished mastic, you will need 4.2 kg of bitumen, 0.5 kg of filler (asbestos, sawdust, peat, forest moss, rubber chips or mineral wool), 0.25 kg of plasticizer, which is used oil.

For the preparation of mastic, thick-walled boilers with a lid are used. The wall thickness from 3 mm guarantees uniform heat distribution and, as a result, uniform bitumen heating.

Cooking steps:

the boiler is loaded by a maximum of 2/3, otherwise the mastic will begin to splash out when boiling;
the boiler with bitumen is not located on the fire itself, but at some distance from it. At the same time, it is installed on a stable stand;
in no case should the bitumen be overheated, which can lead to the destruction of the structure. To obtain a homogeneous mass without green-yellow bubbles, there should be no temperature differences;
first, you will need to crush the largest pieces of bitumen and, if possible, remove dirt and sand from them;
the fire must be adjusted so that the cooking process proceeds slowly. In total, it takes about 3 hours;
no matter what filler is used, before adding it to the boiler, it must be crushed and dried;
the plasticizer and filler are added gradually, mixing them with a shovel and removing the resulting foam.

If during cooking something unexpectedly went wrong, then you must immediately close the boiler in which the mixture was prepared. The reason for this may be the incorrect distribution of ingredients, as well as overheating of the mixture. It is not recommended to use such mastic for work. If gray smoke comes out of the boiler and a hiss is heard, then the process is proceeding correctly.

Such mastic is being prepared immediately before the start of roofing work, since its shelf life is not a field of one day. When using, it must be constantly hot.

For better adhesion of bituminous mastic, the roof surface is first primed.

The composition for such a primer is easy to make yourself. To do this, take 3 parts of gasoline and 1 part of bitumen. In the 76th gasoline, bitumen heated to 700 degrees is gradually placed and thoroughly mixed until completely dissolved in it. After cooling, the resulting mixture is filtered through a fine mesh.

How many layers of roofing material do you need to make?

Depending on the slope of the roof, on which the roofing material will be laid, the required number of layers depends. The smaller the slope of the roof slopes, the thicker the layer of material.

Coating with five layers

Four-layer styling

It is used on roofs with a slope of 2-3 degrees (but only on non-exploited ones). Roofing material RPP-350V and RPP-350V is selected for the main layer. A ruberoid of the brand RKM-350V or RKM-350B (which has a fine-grained dressing) is laid on top of it.

Coating in three layers

This thickness of the roofing material is sufficient for a roof slope of 3 to 10 degrees. In this case, it is best to use roofing material RKK-350 as the last layer. Often, when roofs with a slope of 15 degrees are also covered with only 3 layers. But then the material of the brand RKK-500A, S-RM or RKK-400A acts as the bottom layer. The top is laid from roofing material RK-500-2.

Roofing from two layers of roofing material

It is used when the roof slope is from 10 to 15 degrees. With a steeper slope, it is recommended to replace the roofing material with other roofing materials (slate, metal tiles, galvanized iron or corrugated board).

Tool for laying roofing material

The tool for roofing work on roofing felt depends on the chosen installation method. There are three ways to do this in total:

mechanical way. In this case, the roofing material is attached using rails to nails or self-tapping screws. Sheets of material are alternately rolled out and stacked with an overlap along the edges by 15 cm. At the same time, the slats, located along the strips of material, ensure its tight pressing to the base of the roof. Accordingly, for work you will need a hammer or a screwdriver, as well as special plastic or iron fungi that will help prevent damage to the roofing material;

putty on mask. Availability required metal container for melting the mastic and a long brush for convenient application of the hot mixture on the roofing material. This method implies smearing sheets of roofing material with mastic over the entire area or only at the joints (overlap). For work, you need a roller for applying the composition and a manual roller;

with a gas fired torch. As the name implies, you will need a manual gas burner. With its help, the lower layer of roofing material, which is wound into a roll, is melted, and with smooth unwinding and heating, it is firmly glued to the roof surface. To prevent the formation of condensate due to the air remaining between the sheets, a manual roller is useful, which is passed over the entire surface of the roof. This method is applicable only on flat surfaces.

How to cut roofing felt

Since roofing material is sold in rolls of a certain length, it is very often necessary to shorten it. But it happens that you have to cut along the sheets. In both cases, the cut must be even and of high quality. Cutting across will not be difficult; this is done with the help of a utility or shoe knife. And it is most correct to make a longitudinal cut without unwinding the roofing material, and cut off the required width from the roll with a saw on a tree. For ease of use, it is recommended to moisten the material with water.

Roof base preparation

Before laying, it is necessary to carefully prepare and check the surface of the roof. It must be free of debris, dust and other contaminants. And also not to have dents or significant differences in height.

Technology of roofing roofing material

Most often, garages in cooperatives are equipped with flat roofs. In this case, the walls of the building are made of bricks and covered reinforced concrete slabs. Therefore, laying roofing material is not particularly difficult. It should be noted that this design has three weak points: the junction of the floor slabs with each other and with the walls.

Stages of work

First of all, the surface is thoroughly cleaned of debris, and if necessary, washed and dried until completely dry. In cloudy weather, you can speed up this process with a blowtorch.

When the surface is prepared, you can start heating the bituminous mastic. Its consumption directly depends on the unevenness of the roof surface. But on average, 2 buckets of composition will be used up on a roof area of 6X10 m (60m2). At this stage, a primer solution is also prepared according to the above recipe.

Important! When making a primer (primer) with your own hands, heated bitumen is poured into gasoline, and not vice versa! Failure to comply with this rule may result in ignition of the solution.

The primer fills all the cracks, delaminations, cracks. It is recommended to smear the entire surface of the roof with bituminous mastic, but when laying with the help of fusing, it is applied only along the edges of the sheets of roofing material. In any case, the thickness of the mastic layer should not exceed 5 mm.

Now you can proceed directly to laying the roofing material. Work is done from the bottom up (as a rule, a slight slope still happens). When working with the burner, the rolls of material are stacked in such a way that when unfolding, they overlap each other by about 15-20 cm.

Gradually untwisting, the roofing material is heated with a gas roofing burner and pressed (with a manual roller or simply by trampling it with your feet). The service life of the roof depends on how carefully this is done. This is due to the fact that in poorly pressed places condensation inevitably forms, which in short time destroys ruberoid.

If the flooring is made on mastic, then at first the entire area is covered with a thin layer of the composition, and roofing material is laid on top of it.

On top of the resulting coating, another thin layer of mastic is applied and a second layer of material is laid. In both cases, the sheets should be perpendicular to the previous layer. After laying, the edges of the material are wrapped and fastened to slate nails. And everything is repeated the required number of times.

Now it's the turn to lay the top third layer. The roofing material for it has a coarse powder that protects it from the effects of the external environment.

Lay it on the principle of the previous layers. It should also fit snugly, the joints have the necessary overlap, and the edges are securely fixed with nails. This completes the roofing work. With high-quality performance, the service life of such a roof will be at least 10 years.

Covering the roof with roofing material video

Roof covering cost

For each roof, the amount of material is calculated individually and depends not only on the area covered, but also on the number of layers. But in any case, it is recommended to take the material with a margin of about ten percent, in case of incorrect laying of any section. Sale of roofing material, most often carried out in rolls from ten to fifteen meters. On average, a roll 10 meters long and 1 meter wide costs from 300 to 400 rubles, depending on the manufacturer. The price of bituminous mastic also varies, but on average a twenty-liter canister costs around 500 rubles.

The use of roofing material is quite profitable, since the low cost of materials more than pays for a rather low operational period. That is why roofing material is still in demand, despite the existence of more modern, high-tech and durable roofing materials.

Every roof needs individual approach during installation. There are no two identical designs. This applies not only to pitched roofs, but also to flat ones. The material that has been used for many years for flooring on flat roofs is roofing material. How to properly lay it on the prepared surface? The nuances of installation and varieties of roofing material will be discussed in the article.

What to choose

It is important to understand that on the market you can find not only the classic roofing material, but also its derivatives, in which certain shortcomings have been eliminated. Among the main types are:

ruberoid;
euroruberoid;
Stekloizol;
Bicrost.

In the classic version, the roofing material is roll material, the basis of which is thick cardboard. The latter is covered on both sides with a bituminous composition, which provides the required qualities. The disadvantage of this solution is its certain fragility. Cardboard is easily torn during laying, so strong kinks must be avoided during the laying. Euroroofing material has certain differences from the usual one. One of them is to use textile paper, which has more strength than ordinary cardboard. Textile paper is also coated on both sides with a bitumen composition, but the latter has additional additives.

They are polymer compounds. On the one hand, polymer compounds increase the service life of the product, and on the other hand, make it more durable and elastic. In addition, multi-layer technology is used. From above euroroofing material has a mineral powder. It guarantees additional protection against mechanical impact, as well as from sunlight. The lower part of the roofing material is a film that provides waterproofing, and is also an indicator correct temperature before laying. Bikrost and Stekloizol are an offshoot of the classic roofing material. These materials have a similar approach in production, but are produced by different companies. The difference is not only additives to the bituminous composition, but also the base. In its role can be fiberglass or fiberglass. Knowing the composition and components, we can distinguish positive sides roofing material:

no additional load on the roof;
resistance to chemical influences;
biological resistance;
the possibility of self-laying;
long service life;
excellent waterproofing properties;
resistance to temperature changes.

By itself, the roll material for roofing is light in weight, so you do not have to worry about the fact that it will exert significant pressure on the walls and foundation. Ruberoid and its derivatives perfectly tolerate the effects of various chemical compounds that may be present in the sediment. At the same time, the roofing material does not lose its properties. The bitumen base is waterproof, therefore it perfectly protects against moisture ingress into the room. Some types of roofing material are used to perform waterproofing of basements and foundations. Biological neutrality is provided for successful application for these purposes. This means that the material does not decompose under the influence of bacteria that are in the soil.

Note! The roofing material, which is based on fiberglass and fiberglass, has good resistance to mechanical stress.

Depending on the fraction and the substance that is used to add to the top layer of roofing material, there are subspecies. The most common is the roofing material with the letter "K" in the marking. She speaks of a large fraction of bedding. Such material is suitable if the roof is flat and does not have sharp bends. Otherwise, damage to the top layer may occur. A universal solution is roofing material, in the marking of which there is the letter "M". She's talking about bedding with a fine fraction. Also available with mica topping. Such roofing material has the letter "P" in the marking. The bedding itself is highly durable, but increases the weight of the coating. At the same time, manufacturers can reduce the thickness of the base, which reduces the strength characteristics.

Note! When it comes to styling roofing cake, then the roofing material with the marking "K" will necessarily be the top one.

Laying methods

Traditionally, two main methods are used for laying roofing material:

hot;
cold.

Hot is the classic option for he'll need additional tool in the form of a gas burner, a metal roller and a handle that can be rolled out. cold way laying is carried out using two types of mastics:

cold;
hot.

Cold mastic for roofing material is available in various variations. Its base can be acrylic or with rubber additives. The advantage of the solution is that there is no need for additional preparation measures. It is enough to open the composition, mix well and use. Cold mastics can also be one-component and two-component. In the second case, the addition of a solvent will be required to achieve the desired consistency. Hot mastic is prepared immediately before use. To achieve the desired consistency, it is necessary to heat the bituminous base to a temperature at which it becomes liquid. Waste oil and peat or chalk are added to the base.

Note! In some cases, tar paper or similar roofing is used on pitched roofs like a lining.

In this case, no mastics are used for its installation. The roofing material is fixed to the crate with nails and reinforced with a counter-crate.

Laying process

No job starts without good preparation. This also applies to the process of laying roofing material on the roof. First you need to thoroughly clean the surface of the debris that could accumulate on it. After that, a careful inspection of the surface on which the roofing material will be laid is carried out. If there are large cracks and potholes on it, then they must be carefully repaired. cement mortar. In some cases, it will be necessary to further expand the damage. The best solution there will be a screed pouring over the entire surface, which will provide the required plane, as well as a slope to the drain channels.

Concrete roof installation

After the mortar in the screed or in the repaired areas has gained the required strength, you can proceed to further work on laying the roofing material. The surface is additionally strengthened with a primer or primer. It is a special bituminous mastic. The substrate is laid first. This is a special type of roofing material that provides the best waterproofing, but less resistant to external factors. It is necessary to start work on laying roofing material from the lowest point on the roof. It is necessary to roll the material across the slope.

Before proceeding with gluing or fusing, it is necessary to roll out the roll on the plane where the laying will be carried out and trim it according to the protruding parts. In this case, an overlap must be observed, which will provide waterproofing of the junction points. After that, the roll rolls from the edges to the middle. During welding, the roofing material is heated by a gas burner and gradually rolled out over the surface. The correctness of the chosen temperature is evidenced by the film, which is bottom layer. As you lay, you must ensure that the air escapes from under the roofing. This can be achieved by uniformly rolling the surface of the roof deck with a metal roller.

Laying the next sheet overlaps the previous one. The size of the latter is 10 cm. It is important to monitor the correct location of the next sheet of roofing material. If there is a slight shift to the side, then the seam will disperse. After completing the process of laying the lining layer, it is necessary to wait about a day for the adhesive to undergo polymerization. While it is still fresh, you can carry out additional rolling with a roller to remove air bubbles, and also check the quality of the seams.

The top layer is laid according to the same algorithm as the lining material. But it’s worth starting with an offset of half a sheet. This is done in order to cover the seams of the first layer of roofing material. At the same time, the top layer must not be bent so that the integrity of the bedding is not violated. Vertical surfaces in the form of pipes and ventilation ducts, they are glued with an overlap to avoid fluid leakage. A video about laying roofing felt on a concrete roof is below.

Laying on a wooden roof

To lay roofing material or its derivatives on a wooden roof, it is necessary to prepare the correct crate. Under the roofing material, it should be solid. Most often on truss system OSB sheets are being laid. You can use an edged board, which is laid butt-to-butt so that there are no gaps larger than 1 cm. For a wooden roof, you can make a lining of glassine, which will provide additional waterproofing. Roofing material sheets are laid in a horizontal direction starting from the lower edge of the roof and from the valley. Fixation is carried out with bituminous mastic, mechanically or by surfacing.

A finishing layer is laid on the lining layer of roofing material in such a way that overlap is ensured not only between adjacent sheets, but also overlapping of the seams of the lower layer. When laying on a wooden roof, it is necessary to be especially attentive to the edges of the roofing material. They must be properly fixed so that they are not lifted by the wind and moisture does not get under them. If a mechanical fixation method is chosen, then it will be necessary to nail the aluminum strips to the edges or bring the edge of the roofing material under the eaves. Visually, the process of laying roofing material on a wooden roof can be assessed in the video.

Summary

When working on a roof, when laying roofing material, it is especially important to be attentive to safety precautions. The master has to answer not only for his own life, but also for the lives of those who are near the building. When laying roofing material, it is desirable to have a safety belt and a cable that will keep the master in place in case of an unusual situation. If bituminous mastic is heated on site for open fire, it is important to think about fire safety, since bitumen and roofing material can catch fire. It is advisable to have a fire extinguisher or sand, which can quickly eliminate the fire. All work must be carried out in dry, calm weather.

The roof of a modern safe house has several layers, each of which performs its function. In addition to insulation, soundproofing and mechanical protection of the attic, a layer for waterproofing is needed. In most cases, its role is assigned to all kinds of roofing materials. They can be laid on their own, so we recommend that you first familiarize yourself with how to lay roofing material on the roof.

Material characteristics

Before you properly cover the roof with roofing material, you need to correctly approach the choice of material. Traditionally this type building material It is an ordinary canvas about 1 m wide and 10 m, 15 m or 20 m long, depending on the dimensions set by the manufacturer. For convenience, the material is rolled into rolls.

The basis for it is thick cardboard or synthetic fiber impregnated with bituminous resins, sprinkled with fine powder on top. The result is a fairly plastic texture, resistant to ultraviolet and temperature extremes. The structure has the following parameters:

the presence of sufficient dielectric properties;
high waterproofing values;
relative resistance to external negative factors.

The disadvantages of the material include the fact that bituminous impregnation can break down over time, which leads to the penetration of moisture into the structure of the main roofing. Then comes the destruction and the need to replace the damaged area.

There are light spots on poorly processed material

Since it is correct to lay quality roofing felt on the roof, it is necessary to give preference to materials with coarse-grained powder intended for outdoor use.

Preparatory operations

To correctly select a reliable roofing shelter, you need to carefully conduct a visual check. Obvious shortcomings or the presence of marriage in the purchased rolls should not be allowed. You can start work only in the absence of the following defects:

all kinds of cracks on the canvas;
obvious visible flows;
the presence of large folds;
through gaps present.

You should not choose rolls on which light spots are clearly visible. This is evidence of poor low-quality impregnation with bitumen, which will negatively affect the operating time. Instead of the prescribed 10-15 years, the period will be halved.

VIDEO: How to properly lay roofing material on the roof

Determine the required number of layers

Since it is possible to lay roofing material on the roof in several layers, it is worth knowing how to determine them. It is generally accepted that the number of layers depends on various factors, which include:

roof pitch;
planned duration of operation;
the material used for this.

In cases where roofs are covered with euroroofing material in one roll, a two-layer layer is required for the usual classic. For a 45° surface, we recommend laying a couple of layers of a classic cardboard product. The first type is chosen without powders in the form of stone or sand chips. The outer sides of the second layer should be powdered.

For a tilt angle of at least 20-25°, we use three layers for durability. When figuring out which side to put the roofing material on the roof, it is necessary to use the same principle as for two layers: the bottom sheets without powder, and the top one will need to be smeared with mastic from the smooth side and put up with powder.

If there is a slope of less than 15 °, then it is advisable to lay 4 layers on top of each other. In this case, we use a similar principle by determining which side to lay on the surface. The layers are laid perpendicular to each other.

Fly off so that the finish coat goes horizontally (the axis should be parallel to the ridge), ensuring that precipitation drains.

Flat roofs are usually more reliably protected from moisture. 5 rolled waterproofers are laid on them in series. For reliability, they are combined perpendicularly.

Preparation

Before starting work, the selected site must be prepared in advance. Leveled rafters or a concrete surface cleared of debris will do. We recommend that the process be performed in dry, clear, calm weather. If precipitation is expected, then you can build a protective canopy with your own hands to continue. Otherwise, during mechanical laying (installation) at high humidity, the surfaces simply will not stick.

Sequence on a flat roof

When rolls are required to cover a flat reinforced concrete surface, a reinforced screed is installed. It is enough to collect its small height, within 3-5 cm. A slope of 1 ° is formed in this way, which corresponds to a height difference of running meter 1 cm. Thus, precipitation in the form of snow and rain will not linger on the surface.

The dried and hardened side of the screed is covered with a layer of mastic. To do this, use improvised means in the form of a mop or roller. On top of it, you can roll out the insulation itself. On a slight slope, a continuous crate is used so that a large layer of snow or prolonged rain does not collapse the structure. For a slope of 30-40 °, a non-continuous type of stand is allowed with allowable gaps of not more than 40-30 mm.

VIDEO: Device flat roofs from guided materials

How to lay roofing material on the roof: step by step

The entire scope of work can be conditionally divided into several stages. Mastic is pre-prepared or purchased. It is not worth melting the resin on your own, as this is quite dangerous. Also homemade has an unpleasant odor.

Although some argue that it is not necessary to glue a roll on a flat surface, we recommend using sizing so that they are not blown away by the wind. Fasteners can be made with rails with a half-meter step.

We select the overlap depending on the existing slope of the roof. For a large slope, it is enough to overlap 7-8 cm, and for a small one it is worth providing an overlap of up to 20 cm. Thus, water cannot penetrate under the rolled rolls. The material is cut to the desired length in advance.

The following overlapping technologies are relevant:

Laying the canvas across the slope. The process begins from the bottom, fixing the first sheet to the level of the eaves. The next one must be placed higher so that it overlaps the previous coating by 10-20 cm. We continue to the very ridge.
Longitudinally to the slopes. The roll rolls from one side to the opposite. Thus, the sheet is placed on both slopes through the ridge. It is important to know the wind rose in advance in order to lay against the flow, preventing the canvas from tearing in the future.
Crossbreeding. The technique is used for multilayer structures. The first sheets are mounted along the slope, and on top of them, installation is carried out in a perpendicular direction.

The following methodology is applied:

A rolled sheet is applied to the surface covered with mastic. The hanging edge is tucked up and fixed with nails and wooden slats.
Additionally, we pierce the canvas with slate nails (with wide hats) through a gap of half a meter.
We prepare the site for the next sheet by smearing the surface with mastic.
We mount the sheet perpendicular to the first, throwing it over the ridge. The edges are also tucked and fixed.
Repeat smearing with mastic and styling.
We do not allow short joints to be along the same line from the ridge. To do this, we shift the overlay canvases by 1-2 meters or shorten them a little if necessary. So the seam will not let moisture through.

As with a traditional product, when working with a Euro variety, you must first prepare the base. Since it is used mainly for repairs, the old coating is first dismantled, then it is cleaned of residues, a primer is applied (primed) and allowed to dry for several hours.

Hot Mount

They try on and adjust euroroofing material exclusively along a vertical line.

The installation itself can be done in two main ways:

cold, in which unheated insulation is lined and fixed with gravel on top, but this is only for flat roofing options;
hot - for slopes of different degrees, in this case, a liquid fuel burner is used, which heats up the back side of the sheet. For reliable sealing of the coating, the seams are passed with a hand roller and a propane roofing torch.

At the ends, the width of the overlap is not more than 150 mm, on the sides - not more than 80 mm.

All work is carried out by at least 2 specialists who already have experience in such installation. You can watch the video in more detail about the technology.

At quality material and compliance with the technology, the roof will last 10-15 years.

VIDEO: How to lay euro roofing material on the roof

Ruberoid has long been the most popular waterproofing material in construction. With the help of it, a variety of building elements are isolated from moisture, from foundations and floors to walls and roofs. Using roofing material and its modern varieties, you can mount a horizontal soft roof, as well as lay a pitched roof.

It is important to know what material to choose, how to prepare the crate and how to fix the roofing material on the wooden pitched roof of your house. We will try to answer these questions in detail, and also highlight important points that will save you from mistakes.

In this article

Which roofs are better to cover with roofing material

The roof serves to protect the house from precipitation, so the choice of roofing material should be approached very carefully. Ruberoid is widely used in repair and installation soft roofs, where it has proven itself as an inexpensive and comfortable material. It is often used in suburban construction, covering them with houses and utility rooms.

The roofing material is placed on a wooden base, which must be carefully prepared. This is done in order to avoid even the slightest deflection of the crate or continuous wooden flooring pitched roof. Unlike metal tiles or ondulin, roofing material does not have tensile strength and requires a carefully prepared substrate.

In addition, it is necessary to take into account the limiting angles of inclination of the roof slopes when using this rather plastic, especially when heated, material. IN winter time on an excessively sloping roof, the roofing material will experience significant snow loads exceeding its strength properties. And on a too steep roof under straight lines sunbeams as a result of heating, it can slip, making the fasteners unreliable.

To ensure durability, roofing material should be laid on a wooden roof when the slopes are tilted from 8 to 50 degrees. Before starting roofing work, it is necessary to check the condition of the lathing or solid sheet substrate by performing a number of operations, namely:

choose a dry material for the crate to avoid further deformation;
make sure that the gaps between the boards of the crate do not exceed 1.5 cm;
remove all irregularities, defects and protruding knots on the crate boards;
if this is repair work, then remove the old coating and fasteners;
in the case of laying a continuous sheet covering on a rough crate, make sure that the joints fit perfectly;
make sure that the parts of the crate are rigid and immovable and that there are no deformations that could lead to a rupture of the future roofing from roofing material.

It is important to remember that the time spent on careful installation of the crate will further guarantee the durability and quality of the roof.

It is advisable to treat all parts and sheets of the crate with an antiseptic composition, and level and clean the unedged boards from the bark. It is necessary to fasten the elements of the substrate by deepening nails and self-tapping screws in order to avoid a breakthrough of the roofing material during installation.

Types of roofing material for roofing

Ruberoid has long been used as a roof covering. It is made using thick cardboard impregnated with bitumen, and now fiberglass. The use of refractory impregnation, polymers and a stronger base than cardboard significantly increased the strength and durability of the material, although it also increased its cost.

To increase the strength properties of roofing material, dressing of various mineral fractions is used. To prevent sticking of the material in the roll, a mixture of chalk and talc is used. Bitumen, which is part of the roofing material, does not tolerate temperature extremes, and this affects the strength and ductility of the material. Therefore, manufacturers take a number of measures to improve the consumer properties of products. Recently, colored sprinkles have been used that significantly improve the presentation without loss of quality.

It is important that the roofing material with the use of multi-colored bulk materials absorbs less solar energy and, accordingly, heats up less.

We'll consider existing species roofing material to help you choose the best product for you. It is of the following types:

When choosing a material, it is necessary to be guided by financial capabilities and practical considerations, because modern types of roofing material, although they are more expensive, but also last much longer.

Rules for mounting on a wooden roof

Before proceeding with roofing work, it is necessary to select tools and fasteners. Depending on how you will fasten the strips of material, you will need the following tools and accessories:

a screwdriver and self-tapping screws with washers, which will ensure a tight clamping of the rail or metal strip, as well as roofing material to the substrate;
or roofing nails with washers or wide caps and a hammer;
roulette;
sharp knife or scissors for cutting roofing material;
reliable stairs;
mastic and brushes or rollers;
drill, metal shears or saw;
a metal strip or slats equal in length to the elements of the roof slope;
work clothes, gloves and soft non-slip shoes.

Before starting work, the crate must be cleaned and the roof measured. Taking into account the overlap between the sheets, which should be at least 10 cm, it is necessary to cut the material and let it rest. If the whole sheet is not enough for both roof slopes, then the bend along the ridge should be at least 30 cm.

In the case of using wooden slats, they must be treated with compounds that prevent rotting. Before starting installation, make sure that the safety regulations are observed.

Work should be carried out in dry and calm weather to avoid deformation or rupture of the roofing material.

For slopes with a slope of 30-50 degrees, at least two layers of material must be used, while for a slope of less than 30 degrees, a three-layer coating is required.

The laying of the lower layer on wooden roofs is carried out with lining roofing material and fixed with mastic, carefully straightening. It is preferable to lay this layer horizontally, starting from the lower cut of the roof, with a bend of at least 10 cm. The overlap between the strips must be at least 10 cm, and they must also be fixed with mastic at the place where the sheets overlap.

The top layer is laid with vertical stripes with a bend along the edges and an overlap. It is finally fixed with a metal strip or wooden slats using nails or self-tapping screws.

It is necessary to fasten the edges in a timely manner roofing sheets on gables and cornices, so that the roofing material is not damaged by accidental gusts of wind.

Particular attention should be paid to the complicating elements of the roof and increase the number of layers at the junctions. Here it is necessary to coat with mastic especially carefully. There are several other ways of laying the material, which are used depending on the configuration of the roofs, but the main thing here is the principle of observing the expediency and durability of the roof.

Conclusion

We have discussed in detail the issues of moisture insulation. various kinds roofs modern views flexible roofing, and also found out what types of materials are. from needs and Money the owner depends on the choice of roofing material for wooden roof Houses. The main task for roofing works it is necessary to consider ensuring the reliability and durability of the roof, especially under the various weather conditions of our country, all year round.