Can fatty liver be cured? Fatty liver - treatment. Folk methods of therapy

Often, pathology occurs against the background of a violation of metabolic processes in the body, but there may be other reasons. Depending on the degree of development of the disease, an anti-obesity drug is prescribed, which helps to reduce body weight to normal levels. Let's take a closer look at the most effective means helping to cope with excess weight.

Causes of obesity

Obesity is a state of the body in which an excess of body fat appears in the tissues, organs and subcutaneous tissue. In addition to psychophysical problems, pathology causes changes in work internal systems and organs. According to statistics, women are twice as likely to be obese as men.

The main reason for the appearance of extra pounds is overeating. Excess calories that enter the body with food do not have time to be used up and are deposited in the subcutaneous tissue, on the internal organs. The gradual increase in these fat depots leads to weight gain.

The following factors also contribute to the development of obesity:

sedentary lifestyle;
eating disorders (eating a large amount of carbohydrates, eating before bedtime);
depression, stress, insomnia;
endocrine disorders;
dysfunction of the digestive tract;
violation of the hypothalamic-pituitary function;
use of certain medications hormonal preparations, antidepressants);
hormonal changes (menopause, pregnancy);
violation of metabolic processes.

When should you start taking medications?

Body mass index is the main indicator for determining the stage of obesity. To find out the BMI values, you need to make simple calculations: divide a person’s weight by height (in meters) squared. For example, with a weight of 75 kg and a height of 168 cm, the index will be: 75 / (1.68 × 1.68). After counting, we get the index value of 26.57. WHO recommends interpreting the results as follows:

≤ 16 - acute;
16-18.5 - lack of weight;
18.5-25 - normal weight;
25-30 - there is a slight excess of mass;
30-35 - the first degree of obesity;
35-40 - the second stage of the disease;
40-50 - the third degree of obesity;
≥ 50 - overweight.

After determining the stage of development of the pathology and conducting a diagnosis, the specialist must select drugs for obesity. The list of drugs that will help in this situation is quite large. Some of them are released strictly by prescription, because they have many contraindications and side effects. Specialists try to resort to the help of drug therapy only if the body mass index is more than 30.

How do medicines work?

Medicines for the treatment of obesity have different mechanisms of action, but at the same time they pursue the same goal - to reduce and control body weight. Depending on the principle of work, the following categories of medicines are distinguished:

Anorexigenic drugs are drugs that affect the satiety center in the brain and suppress appetite. Due to their action, the patient begins to consume less food. In addition to being well tolerated, the drugs in this group also help to establish a nutritional culture.
Fat burners - block the absorption of fat, thereby helping to remove it from the body. They are divided into several groups: thermogenetics (increase body heat production), lipotropics (stimulate the liver), dietary supplements (increase bile production) and hormonal drugs (affect the thyroid gland).
Laxatives - accelerate the process of excretion of intestinal contents, but do not affect body weight.
Diuretic drugs - remove excess fluid from the body and do not affect subcutaneous fat.

Obesity drugs: a list

The best obesity are those that have been prescribed by a doctor in individually. The specialist selects the drug depending on the causes of overweight and the presence of concomitant ailments. Self-medication in this case can be extremely dangerous.

Obesity medications listed below are only prescribed when a strict diet and exercise have not had the desired effect. Powerful anti-obesity drugs include:

"Orthosen".
"Xenical".
Meridia.
Orlistat.
"Reduxin".
"Liraglutide".
"Sibutramine".
"Listat".
"Lindax".
"Goldline".
"Laminin".

Each of the medicines has both advantages and disadvantages, which must be familiarized with before starting treatment.

"Sibutramine" with excess weight

"Sibutramine" - effective for obesity. Available in the form of capsules and tablets that contain sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate. The active ingredient enhances thermogenesis and stimulates the formation of active metabolites that inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.

As part of the complex treatment, "Sibutramine" is taken in patients with a body mass index of more than 30. It is also allowed to use the medication for obesity against the background of diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent).

Contraindications

With high sensitivity to the constituent components, serious eating disorders, mental disorders, arterial hypertension, severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys, pregnancy and lactation, angle-closure glaucoma, diseases of the heart and blood vessels, this medicine for obesity is not used. A new remedy should only be prescribed by a specialist.

Patient reviews

Many people who are overweight take Sibutramine. The drug has proven itself with positive side and really helps fight obesity. Subject to the recommendations of the doctor, the tablets practically do not have side effects. However, during the treatment period, symptoms such as dry mouth, anxiety, anxiety, headaches, constipation, tachycardia, arterial hypertension may still occur.

"Lindax": a description of the drug

According to experts, the best medicines from obesity - those that are prescribed individually and are selected depending on the needs of the patient. The drug "Lindaksa" (Czech Republic) has good therapeutic properties. Therapeutic action provides the substance sibutramine.

Anorectic affects the centers responsible for food saturation. Biotransformation of the active ingredient occurs in the liver, where active metabolites are formed.

The dosage of "Lindax" is selected individually and depends on the degree of obesity. The recommended starting dose is 10 mg. The medicine can be taken regardless of food. Increase the dosage to 15 mg should be in the absence of visible therapeutic effect. The duration of therapy is from 3 to 12 months.

The medication has the same contraindications as the Sibutramine remedy. To frequent side effects, which occur against the background of taking "Lindaksa", include tachycardia, dry mouth, thirst, dizziness, insomnia.

Reviews about the drug "Liraglutide"

The hypoglycemic obesity drug Liraglutide is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic obesity. The tool is allowed in many countries only in the form of the drug "Victoza" (Denmark). Another trade name for the drug, Saxenda, appeared on the pharmaceutical market in 2015 and positions itself as a drug that helps fight excess weight in adult patients.

"Liraglutide" is a synthetic copy of the glucagon-like peptide-1, which is produced in the human intestine and actively acts on the pancreas and stimulates the production of insulin. The body is not able to distinguish between a natural and an externally introduced enzyme. The use of the drug allows you to gradually adjust the natural production of insulin and reduce sugar levels. This, in turn, normalizes the assimilation useful substances from the products used.

Patient reviews confirm that the drug has a pronounced therapeutic effect. The tool is quite convenient to use, because it has the shape of a syringe pen, on which divisions are applied, allowing you to accurately calculate the dosage. The medicine is injected into the shoulder, thigh or abdomen. This medicine for obesity in pharmacies can only be purchased with a prescription.

The cost of drugs based on liraglutide ranges from 9,500 (Viktoza, 2 syringes) to 27,000 rubles (Saksenda, 5 syringes). Specialists rarely use these medicines to treat patients with diabetes and obesity due to the high cost.

Purpose features

It is strictly forbidden to take hypoglycemic drugs for weight loss in obesity without a doctor's prescription! "Liraglutide", "Saxenda" and "Victoza" can not be used for type 1 diabetes, severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys, pregnancy, inflammatory processes in the intestines, heart failure (types 3 and 4), thyroid neoplasms.

Treatment with the drug should be continued only if the patient has managed to lose at least 5% of his weight in 16 weeks. If such results cannot be achieved, it is necessary to choose other drugs to get rid of extra pounds.

The drug "Orlistat"

Tablets "Orlistat" have a peripheral effect and help to reset overweight without harm to the body. The main task of the drug is to block the process of absorption and digestion of fats. The obesity drug can lower cholesterol and glucose levels, which allows it to be used in the treatment of diabetes.

The drug "Orlistat" is an inhibitor of gastrointestinal lipases. Thanks to this pharmacological action the penetration of triglycerides into the blood is blocked, an energy deficit is manifested, causing the mobilization of fat deposits from the depot.

The drug must not be used for hypersensitivity, nephrolithiasis, cholestasis, hyperoxaluria, pregnancy and lactation. Orlistat is not prescribed for children under 12 years of age and people suffering from chronic malabsorption syndrome.

What do doctors and patients say?

Most reviews about the drug contain positive recommendations. Many patients were able to lose about 10 kg of excess weight in 8-12 months with the help of this obesity medication. Reviews of experts saying that "Orlistat" is one of the few drugs that practically do not cause side effects. Occasionally, cases are recorded when the stool and the work of the digestive tract are disturbed, appear frequent urges to defecation.

Means "Xenical"

Another medication based on orlistat is Xenical. The medicine is produced in Switzerland, which significantly affects its cost. You can buy a cure for obesity for 2300-2700 rubles. "Xenical" is available in the form of gelatin capsules with a turquoise color.

According to the instructions, the drug can affect enzymes in the digestive tract that promote the digestion and absorption of fats, that is, lipase. A significant advantage of Xenical is its minimal systemic impact. The drug can be taken enough long time patients with obesity and high level glucose. In addition to taking the medication, you will need to adhere to a low-calorie diet and engage in moderate physical activity.

Take "Xenical" three times a day, one capsule (120 mg) with meals. The duration of treatment and the need to adjust the daily dosage is determined only individually.

Side effects

To frequent side effects the manufacturer refers to urgent urge to defecate, loose stools, flatulence, abdominal discomfort. To avoid such unpleasant phenomena, it is necessary to limit the consumption of fatty foods. Only 2% of diabetic patients developed a hypoglycemic state. Possible manifestation of an allergy to the active substance in the form of urticaria, itching, redness of the skin. Rarely more serious cases: bronchospasm, angioedema.

Fatty liver and overweight

Fatty hepatosis is a serious pathology of the liver. Most often, the disease affects people who have a violation of metabolic processes, excess weight, bad habits, protein deficiency, hypovitaminosis. Symptoms at the initial stage of the disease usually do not appear, and the patient seeks medical help when the situation is running. The method of treatment is selected after laboratory tests, ultrasound of the liver.

To prescribe drug therapy, you should consult a gastroenterologist or hepatologist. The medicine for fatty liver is prescribed in combination with preventive measures. If the cause of the disease is excess weight, it is imperative to adhere to a diet (table number 5), completely eliminate junk food from the diet and engage in physical activity. The danger to the body is a sharp weight loss (more than 700 g per week), which can cause the progression of the pathological process.

Medical treatment

What medicines for fatty liver will help to cope with the disease? First of all, the patient will be prescribed drugs that normalize the functioning of the organ. hepatoprotectors - drugs that stimulate the functionality of liver cells and protect it from the negative effects of harmful food, toxins, and certain medications. This category of drugs includes:

"Heptral".
"Essentiale Forte".
"Essliver".
"Liv-52".
Karsil.

In the treatment of fatty hepatosis, it will be necessary to lower the level of cholesterol. Drugs from the statin group will cope with this task: Atoris, Liprimar, Crestor. In addition, you will need to take antioxidants and vitamin complexes.

"Heptral": instruction

Heptral is a French remedy for fatty liver. The name of the active substance is ademeteonin. One tablet contains 400 mg. The same dosage of the active ingredient is also available in 5 ml ampoules. The lyophilisate for solution preparation is suitable for both intramuscular and intravenous administration to patients.

The drug has a detoxifying, choleretic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and cholekinetic effect on the body. In addition, the manufacturer claims that the active substance has neuroprotective, antidepressant and antifibrosing properties. The drug is able to enhance the secretion of bile and make up for the lack of adenosylmethionine (coenzyme).

The drug is prescribed for fatty hepatosis, chronic hepatitis, liver intoxication, encephalopathy, angiocholitis. Genetic disorders affecting the adenosylmethionine cycle and tearing out homocystinuria or hyperhomocysteinemia are contraindications for the use of Heptral.

Description of the drug "Liv-52"

The medicine for fatty liver "Liv-52" is a hepatoprotector based on herbal ingredients. Chicory seeds, prickly caper roots, yarrow, cassia seeds, tamarix and black nightshade are used as active substances. The listed components are specially treated with steam from a mixture of other plant extracts.

The drug is produced in the form of tablets and drops of dark brown color for oral administration. The combined herbal medicine has a choleretic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. With its help, it is possible to block the development of degenerative and fibrotic changes, activate intracellular metabolic processes and restore hepatocytes.

Indications for the appointment of a herbal medicine are pathologies such as fatty hepatosis, hepatitis of various origins, cirrhosis of the liver. You can also take Liv-52 as a cure for obesity. In pharmacies, the average cost of a medication is 380-450 rubles.

A medication in the form of drops can be prescribed for preventive and therapeutic purposes for children over 2 years old. It is forbidden to use "Liv-52" during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in case of hypersensitivity to the components of the product.

Hello. How to be and what to do if your liver is overgrown with fat? Treat with a doctor or try to cope with the disease on your own? Today we will try to figure out where it comes from, how it is diagnosed and treated fatty liver. Treatment folk remediesHow justified is this path in this case? Or should I immediately go to the doctor?

How to earn a dangerous diagnosis in a month

They say that if you sit on fast food and other fatty foods for a month, you can get a couple of steps closer to hepatitis, and from there it’s not far to cirrhosis, when changes in this organ become irreversible. Did I scare you? And here is another "horror story" - the liver does not hurt.

It will malfunction, grow fat, and you will not know about it. Therefore, only a doctor can make a diagnosis. And usually, it comes to light by chance. But the reasons that lead to a bad diagnosis are not at all accidental.

Organ-worker

What is a liver anyway? Why is it needed and what functions does it cope with? Oh, this is a wonderful organ, our largest gland, which is responsible for fighting harmful substances. Like a barrier, it stands in the way of penetration into our body of all kinds of toxins, poisons, allergens.

In addition, it replenishes and stores a number of useful substances and vitamins, synthesizes enzymes and hormones that are involved in the digestive process, in particular, provides us with glucose - energy.

Time for sick leave

All this works if the gland is not damaged. But, it’s not far from failure if there are:

alcohol abuse
excess of normal weight. Read more about alimentary obesity in the article
love for fatty or sweet foods
sedentary lifestyle
constant diets and illiterate way out of them, with a sharp overeating
combination of medications, in particular antibiotics, and alcohol
drug addiction
diabetes
atherosclerosis (deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels)
hereditary predisposition to metabolic disorders

Metabolism is exactly what good liver function is based on. In all of these cases, metabolic failures occur, fats accumulate, the activity of enzymes that break down these fats is suppressed, and as a result, a diagnosis of fatty hepatosis appears in the card of such a patient.

Warning signs

He does not appear on his own, first he needs to be diagnosed. But this is not easy to do, because, as I mentioned above, the liver does not hurt, it has no nerve endings. Discomfort such as:

stabbing pains in the right side,
gravity,
sometimes nausea,
bad taste in the mouth,
yellowness of the skin and proteins,

- all these are the reasons for the malfunction of this gland, when its failures began to make themselves felt by problems, for example, in the gallbladder, pancreas and other organs.
Learn more about obesity in the pancreas

But if you find something similar in yourself, you should not run to the pharmacy, intending to buy something in order to "cleanse the liver." Self-medication in this case is very risky. Only a therapist or gastroenterologist can make an accurate diagnosis with the help of biochemical tests and ultrasound, and at the same time determine how seriously the cells of the organ have been damaged.

Dangerous symptoms

I note that it is possible to treat hepatosis, this is a completely reversible, albeit sometimes lengthy process. It all depends on the degree of fatty liver.

initial and I degree- a small and insignificant accumulation of fat droplets in individual cells or in their small areas.

Determined by blood tests, there are practically no symptoms.

II stage- the process has already affected almost all the cells of the gland.

Heaviness in the right side, discomfort mainly on the right side of the abdomen. When conducting ultrasound, changes in the density of the gland are visible.

III degree- the whole organ is affected, fat filled it inside and envelops it from the outside, liver cysts form.

Constant nausea, aching or dull pain in the right hypochondrium, constipation, flatulence.

The consequences of all this can be very serious, up to the development of cirrhosis of the liver and cancer.

How to beat the disease

How to be and what to do - you ask in the spirit of the well-known hero of Shakespeare? And I will answer you in the spirit of the hero of the Ryazanov "Irony of Fate" - "you need to drink less."

But seriously, the sequence of actions is approximately as follows.

Go to the doctor and only with his help to establish a diagnosis.
There, in the doctor's office, to find out how to treat disease and strictly adhere to the recommendations.
Change lifestyle. Not tomorrow, not from Monday, but right now. Change your diet, increase exercise, add exercise. Well, follow the same advice of Zhenya Lukashin.

By science

Traditional treatment usually includes

taking drugs prescribed by a doctor,
following a diet aimed at reducing calories, normalizing metabolism and, as a result, gradual weight loss.

In this case, doctors prescribe therapeutic diets- table number 5 and number 8.

General energy value foods that should be eaten per day - 2400-2800 kcal, of which

proteins - up to 80 gr.

fats - up to 80-90 gr.

carbohydrates - up to 400 gr.

Get out of the fridge

During the dieteliminate completely or minimize:

alcohol;
fried and canned foods;
pasta, sweets, flour products, bread (except yesterday's white or fresh black, rye or bran);
pork and lard;
sugar;
mayonnaise, ketchup, mustard, spicy sauces;
spices;
coffee;
carbonated drinks;
all sausages;
smoked meats;
spicy, salty foods;
tomatoes (only in small quantities);
unrefined vegetable oil;
green tea, hibiscus;
medicines (antibiotics)

Patient support group

But the reception of what worth increasing:

raw, stewed, boiled vegetables - potatoes no more than 200g, as well as pumpkin, zucchini, cauliflower and Beijing cabbage, carrots, beets, cucumbers;
fruits and berries;
low-fat fish and seafood (perch, tuna, pollock, cod, hake, soaked herring, fresh oysters);
greens (parsley, dill);
water - 1.5-2 liters per day

Allowed:

bran, crackers;
seaweed;
squash caviar;
low-fat cheese;
lean meat (in small portions) - boiled or steamed beef, veal, chicken, rabbit and dishes from them;
boiled eggs - no more than two per day
cereals in the form of cereals and in soups (exclude lentils, limit legumes, pearl barley and barley)
honey or xylitol (instead of sugar)
low-fat dairy products;
dried fruits (preferably in the form of compote);
weak black tea

sample menu

might look like this:

Breakfast:

Vegetable salad (carrot + apple), steamed buckwheat, tea

Lunch:

soft-boiled egg, dried biscuit, milk

Dinner:

Vegetable and cereal soup, fruit (banana, pear)

Veal cutlets

Afternoon snack:

Fat-free cottage cheese with sour cream

Dinner:

Pilaf with chicken

For the night:

A glass of kefir

I'm going to the people

At home trying to cope with the disease is not recommended. But it is quite possible to supplement medical prescriptions with treatment methods fromtraditional medicine.

Pumpkin

Rinse a medium-sized pumpkin well in water, cut off the top, remove the middle pulp.

Pour honey inside - light, mountain or May honey is better, cover with a top and put in a dark place for about 2 weeks. After pouring the resulting composition into a jar and drinking 1 tsp. 3 times a day.

Collection of herbs

In equal proportions, take dried bitter wormwood, yarrow, fennel, cumin, mint, mix.

1 tbsp mix pour 1 tbsp. boiling water and put in a water bath for 15 minutes.

Cool, strain, squeeze raw materials, add to a glass.

Take half a glass 3 times a day before meals.

Mint infusion(eliminates pain in the liver).

20 gr. chop fresh mint leaves, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water.

Leave overnight in a thermos.

Then strain and drink throughout the day

How to stay healthy

To sum up our conversation today should be a story about how to avoid problems with the liver. And here advice is given traditional, those on which a healthy lifestyle is based. The most effective are:

Stop drinking (or do it very rarely)
Normalize your diet, reduce the amount of fats and carbohydrates
Add sports, other motor activity. In this case, you can read my article
Control your body weight, do not allow it to exceed the norm.
You can find out how to calculate your optimal weight by

What to remember:

Fatty liver creeps up unnoticed and often does not make itself felt for a long time
The reason for it is alcohol abuse, overeating and an inactive lifestyle.
Diagnosis and treatment of the disease on their own is not allowed
Traditional medicine can only be used in combination with treatment prescribed by a doctor.

Be healthy and see you soon! And don't forget to subscribe to my blog updates.

Unlike most inflammatory diseases of the liver, the changes that occur in this organ with excessive accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes are completely reversible with timely diagnosis and complex treatment. Fatty hepatosis of the liver, in which lipids become the main damaging component. Their accumulation disrupts the structure of cells, which leads to the development of cholestasis - a symptom of this condition may be pain or discomfort in the right hypochondrium, changes in liver tests ( biochemical analysis blood).

Depending on the provoking factors, alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver hepatosis are distinguished - these features are taken into account when prescribing drug treatment.

Principles of treatment of fatty hepatosis of the liver

When prescribing therapy, the doctor must take into account the presence of concomitant diseases in the patient and the factors that caused the development of fatty infiltration of the liver. Most often, therapy is prescribed by a gastroenterologist or hepatologist, if necessary, the patient can be consulted by endocrinologists, narcologists, cardiologists.

A prerequisite for successful treatment is the exclusion or limitation of the impact of provoking factors. If this condition is not met, then the measures taken give only a temporary effect, and very soon after the completion of the course, the patient's symptoms will again begin to disturb the symptoms of the disease. In addition to prescribing drugs, the patient is recommended to make changes in the regimen and diet, to refuse bad habits, reduce body weight.

The choice of drugs is determined by:

the stage of the disease;
the presence of comorbidities;
activity of the inflammatory process in the liver parenchyma.

Prior to the start of treatment, the patient undergoes a comprehensive examination - the results of laboratory and instrumental studies make it possible to exclude the presence of viral hepatitis, benign and malignant neoplasms, inflammation and stones in the bile ducts. If the conducted studies give a negative result, the doctor establishes the diagnosis: “Fatty liver hepatosis” and prescribes the drugs necessary to treat this disease.

How is the treatment carried out

Drug treatment of fatty hepatosis should be comprehensive and includes the appointment of:

detoxification therapy;
antioxidant compounds;
drugs that increase the sensitivity of hepatocytes to insulin;
agents that stabilize the membrane of hepatocytes (hepatoprotectors);
immunomodulators;
choleretic substances.

If necessary, other drugs that affect the activity of concomitant diseases, as well as drugs that eliminate individual symptoms of the disease, are added to the treatment.

It is important to remember: to select drugs for the treatment of fatty hepatosis, recommend their dosage and duration of the course of therapy - self-medication in this disease leads to the development of complications, because it is often difficult for a person who is far from medicine to correctly assess the interaction of drugs and possible contraindications to their application.

Detoxification therapy

The appointment of drugs that eliminate the symptoms of intoxication in the body, in the treatment of fatty degeneration of the liver, is aimed at:

to restore normal vital processes in liver cells;
on the binding and removal from the body of toxins formed during the destruction of cell membranes;
on the removal from the body of compounds that have a hepatotoxic effect ( medications, nutritional supplements, toxins).

For detoxification, both glucose and saline solutions, prescribed together with diuretic drugs (their effect is explained by “dilution”, a decrease in the concentration of a toxic compound), and drugs that can bind substances harmful to the liver in the systemic circulation and remove them through the liver can be used.

In addition, to reduce disorders of cholesterol metabolism and prevent the re-uptake of cholesterol and lipids from the intestine, sorbents are prescribed for fatty hepatosis.

For intravenous administration, glucose solutions are used (always with insulin), physiological sodium chloride solution, Reosorbilact, Reamberin. Inside appoint Atoxil. Smecta, Activated carbon and its derivatives, Enterosgel.

Antioxidant Compounds

The use of drugs that suppress the activity of free radicals in fatty liver is due to the mechanism of the development of the disease. It is the incompletely oxidized products of fat metabolism that damage the hepatocyte membrane, triggering the process of fatty degeneration of the liver (cells begin to accumulate lipids inside themselves). In addition, antioxidants help the body cope with oxidative stress, a process that occurs against the background of metabolic syndrome, caused by a violation of the normal processes of glucose conversion in the body.

These drugs are prescribed for long courses, and at the beginning of therapy they are administered intravenously (10-15 injections), and then the patient is recommended to take drugs for a long time in the form of tablets.

Antioxidants include: preparations of thioctic (alfalipoic acid): Berlition, Thiogamma, Alfalipon.

Drugs that correct carbohydrate metabolism disorders

Drugs that normalize the metabolism of carbohydrates in the body affect the most common cause of non-alcoholic hepatosis - metabolic syndrome. Compounds that increase the sensitivity of hepatocytes to insulin (insulin sensitizers) in liver pathology act in the same way as in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

These substances directly affect the receptors of insulin-sensitive cells, which helps the hormone to penetrate into the cell. In this case, the normal course of biochemical processes is restored - glucose that has entered the hepatocyte does not turn into lipids and is not deposited in the liver cells, it turns into energy and is used to ensure the vital processes of the body.

As drugs used to correct metabolic disorders, Metformin, Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone are prescribed, if necessary, the doctor may recommend other medicinal compounds used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Important: the appointment of insulin for the treatment of fatty hepatosis is unjustified - the disease develops when the sensitivity to the hormone of cell receptors changes (the level of insulin in the blood remains normal).

Hepatoprotectors

This group of medicines includes several groups of drugs that act directly on hepatocytes:

essential phospholipids (Essentiale. Phosphogliv, Essliver forte) - contain “ready-made” compounds (phospholipids) necessary for building the cell membrane and structural elements of the hepatocyte;
amino acids (Heptral, Methionine, Glutargin) - stimulate the synthesis of their own phospholipids in the body;
medicines based on extracts of medicinal plants (Karsil, Hofitol, artichoke extract) act in a complex manner due to the large amount of vitamins and nutrients.

In each case, hepatoprotectors are selected individually - preparations of essential phospholipids and amino acids are first prescribed as injections, and then long-term oral medication is recommended in the form of tablets. Herbal hepatoprotectors are available in the form of tablets.

Immunomodulators

The use of immunomodulators is justified in cases where fatty hepatosis is combined with inflammatory diseases liver - in this case, both pathologies mutually aggravate the course of each other, as a result of which cirrhosis develops rapidly. In addition, the appointment of this group of drugs is often appropriate because of the need to regulate the processes of immunity, which inevitably change in the body with liver damage.

The patient should always discuss the choice of immunomodulators with the doctor who observes and treats the disease - with fatty hepatosis, any drugs that can damage liver cells should be excluded.

Cholagogue preparations

Purpose medicines, which stimulate the production of bile in hepatocytes (choleretics) and its excretion (cholekinetics) stimulates metabolic processes in the liver parenchyma, promotes the removal of cholesterol and lipids from hepatocytes. To reduce the drug load on the body as choleretic drugs, most experts prefer medicinal herbs or ready-made pharmaceutical preparations created on their basis.

To improve the excretion of bile, milk thistle, oats, corn stigmas, and plantain are prescribed. calamus marsh - these plants are used both independently and in the form of fees. With fatty hepatosis, medicinal raw materials are prepared and taken, as in other liver diseases.

Drug therapy of fatty liver hepatosis will be effective only with an integrated approach to the treatment of the disease. It includes physical activity, a low-calorie diet with enough vitamins, eliminates the action of provoking factors that caused fatty degeneration of the liver, and correction of metabolic disorders.

A blurry figure is a problem that is easy or difficult, but is eliminated if desired, supported by willpower. Another thing is when the fat attacked the liver, but this did not affect the weight. A dangerous disease called fatty hepatosis, in a neglected state, leads to irreversible, sometimes unexpected consequences. It does not immediately appear, which is why precious time for the patient is lost. Consider the causes and treatment of fatty liver, possible complications, preventive measures.

What is fatty liver

According to WHO, this is one of the most common liver diseases in the world, caused by a person's lifestyle. The bottom line is the abnormal accumulation by hepatocytes (liver cells) of large vacuoles filled with lipids, an increase in their size, the appearance of collagen fibers, and the development of inflammation.

According to the morphological criterion, liver steatosis can be said if fats make up 1/10 of the dry residue of the gland. The course of the disease is so asymptomatic that it is difficult for the patient to believe that there is a problem. Although the consequences of the condition can be quite serious, up to myocardial infarction or diabetes.

The pathogenesis of the disease is not well understood. But in 2/3 of patients it is associated with alcohol abuse. Politicians, businessmen and other categories of the population suffer from fatty liver, for whom a glass of cognac is a stress reliever or an attribute of numerous business meetings. In the morning they do not complain about their health, but they do not suspect that such a lifestyle negatively affects the state of the gland.

A person's relationship with alcohol depends on specific factors. Alcohol destroys hepatocytes faster in women with their constantly changing hormonal background. In Mongoloids, the decay products of ethanol are neutralized less actively than in representatives of the European race. With concomitant pathologies, the liver becomes sensitive to alcoholic beverages.

It is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids (FA) and replenishment of the body with energy. Ethyl alcohol destroys hepatocyte membranes, as well as enzymes that transport and break down fatty acids, as a result of which they are not utilized, but accumulated. A weekly dose of 350 ml of vodka for men and 2 times less for women already threatens the liver with problems.

No less dangerous overweight due to dense brown fat, which is difficult to fight. It produces hormones that inhibit the breakdown of carbohydrates and lipids. A favorite place for their accumulation is the anterior abdominal wall. This form of obesity is called "beer belly". Among other causes of the condition:

Metabolic disorders.
Physical inactivity.
Poisoning with poisonous mushrooms, oil products, industrial pesticides, phosphorus.
Genetic predisposition and food preferences leading to an increased content of certain FA fractions in the blood.
Surgical intervention on the gastrointestinal tract.
Taking certain medications (Fluconazole, estrogens, glucocorticoids).

Factors contributing to liver steatosis also include hypervitaminosis A and chronic dysbacteriosis.

Is the condition dangerous?

A hepatocyte containing an excess amount of fat already has other characteristics that are not characteristic of it. Decreased sensitivity to insulin. Glucose, which normally nourishes the liver, loses this ability without a hormone. The body "starves" and requests additional amounts of sugars. The pancreas produces more and more secretions. Upon reaching a certain critical level, they still “open the doors” to the liver cells and give them energy. But the consequence of compensatory hyperinsulinemia is diabetes mellitus.

In addition, the products of excess fat oxidation are highly active substances that additionally damage the liver, causing inflammation (hepatitis). The development of pathology provokes the replacement of hepatocytes connective tissue, resulting in impaired blood supply to the organ and liver failure.

Symptoms of fatty liver

Symptoms of hepatosis appear gradually:

At the initial stage, the disease has an imperceptible course. Small inclusions of lipids can only be judged by the analysis of hepatic transaminases.
Fat deposits increase. In the morning, a person is slightly nauseous, bitterness is felt in the mouth. Physical effort causes pain in the right side, which is already a sign of impaired motor activity of the biliary tract.
Connective tissue replaces most of the liver. Palpation reveals its increase. Ultrasound shows the heterogeneity of the organ.
Numerous cysts with fat cause complete dysfunction of the gland. The person suffers from dull aching pain in the right side, constant flatulence, stool disorders. Not far off cirrhosis.

For the final diagnosis, laboratory tests and instrumental examination are required.

Diagnostics

Fatty liver disease is often discovered incidentally. A patient who comes with pain in the heart is suddenly told about a violation in the structure and functions of the gland. The doctor collects anamnesis data, asks about the regularity and doses of alcohol taken, about concomitant diseases. After a physical examination of the patient, the size of the spleen and liver is determined.

About indirect signs of fatty hepatosis, changes characteristic of cirrhosis, you can find out with the help of ultrasound. Modern devices make it possible to assess which tissue is more in the gland: normal or degenerate. Ultrasound compression elastography determines the risk of cirrhosis and the prognosis of its development.

Blood biochemistry reveals inflammation and impaired bile metabolism. An analysis for hepatitis viruses is prescribed. Special indications require additional examination for immunological parameters, CT and biopsy.

How to treat fatty liver

Therapeutic measures begin with the elimination of the factor that provoked the disease. With ethyl alcohol, this is always possible. If there is an addiction to alcohol, a narcologist is connected to the treatment. Patients are prescribed a diet, physical activity is recommended for fresh air. If this is not enough, the hepatologist prescribes drugs that normalize lipid metabolism in the body.

Medicines

There is no specific therapy for hepatic steatosis. The scheme is selected in order to eliminate factors that contribute to gland dystrophy, correct metabolic processes, improve recovery and detoxification of hepatocytes.

The doctor prescribes medications with antioxidant and membrane-stabilizing properties. Among them are a group of sulfoamino acids and phospholipids designed to protect the liver:

Phosphogliv.
Essliver forte.
Essentiale.
Dibikor.
Heptral.

An effective cure for fatty liver is Hofitol based on artichoke leaf extract. Has choleretic properties. Vitamins from its composition normalize metabolism.

Taurine also deserves attention, which ensures the stabilization of plasma membranes and the dissolution of fatty acids, which increases blood flow in the liver. It also has antioxidant, anti-sclerotic and hypotensive effects.

Vitamins contribute to the detoxification of the gland:

A nicotinic acid.
Riboflavin.
Betaine.

The drug Holosas reduces the density of bile, improves its outflow, relieves heaviness in the right side.

Folk remedies

Useful for fatty liver medicinal plants and spices.

Sorrel. Provides drainage of bile, normalizes its secretion. Reduces the number of fatty cysts in the liver. For cooking, take dry roots (1 tbsp.), Pour 1.5 tbsp. water. Slowly simmer for 4 hours. Drink 1 tbsp. l. 3 times before meals.
Milk thistle. The most useful herb for the liver. It has a hepatoprotective, membrane-stabilizing, antioxidant effect. In the preparation, Gepabene is combined with fume extract. Reception schedule: 3 times a day, 1 capsule.
Turmeric. Used to soften gallstones, bind free radicals. Included in the drug Cholagol. The duration of treatment is 3-6 weeks. Dosage: 5 to 10 drops per sugar 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
And finally, cinnamon. Regular consumption of dishes with the inclusion of spices burns fatty deposits in the liver, reduces the level of cholesterol and glucose in the blood, and reduces appetite.

Diet

Diet is of paramount importance in the treatment of steatosis. You need to lose weight at a pace of about 500 g per week. A high rate of weight loss often leads to inflammation of the liver.

Prohibited:

Alcohol.
Fried food, fast food.
Sausages, ham, sausages.
Margarine and products containing palm oil.
Fatty fish, meat.
Sweets.
White flour products.
Seasonings.
Coffee, chocolate.
Energetic drinks, cola.
Eggs.

List of allowed products:

Cereals.
Dry bread.
Low-fat kefir, cottage cheese.
Vegetables fruits.
Vegetable oil.
Lamb, beef, chicken (organic).
Weak tea, non-carbonated water.
Garlic.
Apple vinegar.
Fresh seafood.
Ginger, cumin, cinnamon, turmeric, curry.

Instead of sugar, it is better to use stevia powder.

Possible Complications

The direct consequences of fatty hepatosis include:

Fibrosis of the liver, which is characterized by the replacement of hepatocytes with connective tissue, the formation of scars and other unusual elements that replace liver cells.
Weakening of the immune system, expressed in the inability of the body to resist pathogenic microbes of a viral and bacterial nature.

The final stage of fibrosis is cirrhosis, which captures the external and internal structure of the organ. It is accompanied by multiple immunoinflammatory processes leading to death.

Fatty liver (fatty hepatosis) is a dangerous disease that leads to chronic poisoning of the body with substances resulting from the breakdown of bile and by-products of metabolism. Fatty degeneration of the organ develops in people who abuse alcohol. The disease is characterized by non-specific symptoms.

Symptoms

With fatty liver, symptoms may not appear for a long time. Often they are disguised as other pathologies (thyrotoxicosis, diabetes).

Fatty hepatosis is often characterized by the appearance of signs of dyspepsia:

pain in the area of the right hypochondrium;
general weakness;
pressure and heaviness in the abdominal (abdominal) cavity;
feelings of fullness in the stomach.

On palpation, a moderately enlarged liver is determined. Often a person feels pain during probing.

With the development of liver pathology, symptoms of insufficiency gradually appear:

At stage 1, drowsiness, nausea, and aversion to food develop. The patient has some incoordination of movements, a drop in efficiency. These symptoms are aggravated after eating or drinking alcohol. There is an unexpressed enlargement of the liver. Sometimes the body temperature rises, there is a slight yellowness of the eyeballs, itching of the skin, spots appear on the skin that disappear on their own without additional treatment.
At stage 2 of the development of the disease, jaundice, swelling, diathesis, and severe general weakness appear. In women, signs of fatty liver at this stage of pathology development are often disguised as gynecological problems.
At stage 3, severe metabolic disorders appear. Internal organs undergo dystrophic changes. In severe cases, the functioning of the nervous system is disrupted.

Severe forms of pathology lead to loss of consciousness and the development of a coma. When there is a coma high risk development of death.

Reasons for the appearance

Fatty liver causes different reasons. The main factor in the development of fatty hepatosis is alcohol abuse. An unfavorable genetic predisposition can cause a violation of the production of enzymes that break down ethanol. In alcoholics, the disease develops much more often.

Women are more likely to undergo fatty degeneration of the organ due to the nature of the breakdown of alcohol in their body.

Causes of non-alcoholic hepatosis of the liver:

Increased consumption of fatty foods: when smoked, fried foods form the basis of the menu, they adversely affect the functioning of the body.
The abuse of spices often contributes to fatty hepatosis.
Endocrine pathologies. Often hepatosis occurs in patients with diabetes.
Uncontrolled use of most antibiotics.
Increased body weight.
Hepatosis of the liver is caused by poisoning with poisons. Poisoning with phosphorus, lead, mercury often leads to the development of the disease.
Elevated blood cholesterol levels.
Passion for strict diets.

The amount of protein in the diet has a big impact. With protein starvation, the risk of developing organ obesity increases.

Diagnostic methods

Liver dystrophy is diagnosed in clinics and diagnostic centers. IN major cities For this, the latest equipment is used. Biochemical examinations of the patient are inappropriate, because they may not reveal significant changes. A blood test is carried out for the presence of antibodies to pathogens of hepatitis, rubella. It is imperative to take an analysis for the level of thyroid-stimulating hormones.

Highly informative methods of examination of the liver include:

Ultrasound (helps to detect the phenomena of fatty hepatosis);
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) allows you to assess the degree pathological change parenchyma);
liver biopsy with morphological examination of tissues;
radionuclide study of the liver allows you to determine the shape, size, location of the organ, diffuse and focal lesions, severity;
C13 metacetin breath test - determines the state of the detoxification properties of the liver and the percentage of normally functioning cells.

Treatment

The objectives of treatment for fatty liver are the normalization of the state of the glandular tissue of the organ, the biliary tract. For this purpose, hepatoprotectors are prescribed. The duration of taking hepatoprotectors for hepatosis is at least 2-3 months. IN preventive purposes it is necessary to drink hepatoprotectors throughout life.

List of antioxidant and membrane stabilizing tablets needed in order to get rid of fatty liver:

Essliver, Phosphogliv and other essential phospholipids;
sulfoamino acids (Methionine, Heptral, Dibicor);
Karsil;
Liv-52;
Berlition.

Heptral is administered intravenously, by infusion. Droppers are placed from the very beginning of therapy. This medicine is combined with the intravenous administration of Berlition and other drugs based on alpha-lipoic acid. When prescribing Heptral, the course of treatment is at least 2 months (subject to the use of other hepatoprotectors).

A patient with fatty degeneration is prescribed Hofitol, the effectiveness of which is explained by the content of artichoke extract, which increases the activity of hepatocytes (liver cells) and prevents the destruction of liver tissue.

Particular attention is paid to the state of lipid metabolism in patients. In order to stabilize fat metabolism, doctors prescribe anti-cholesterol drugs (Vazilip, Atoris, Crestor).

The patient is required to prescribe Betaine, which increases the concentration of adenosyl-methionine in the blood, which fights oxidative phenomena. For downgrading specific gravity bile is applied Holosas. It leads to a decrease in the feeling of heaviness and "bursting" in the right hypochondrium.

Following the doctor's advice on how to treat fatty liver is impossible without the use of vitamins that help detoxify the liver. These are vitamin E, preparations of nicotinic, folic and ascorbic acid, Riboflavin. They normalize the metabolism in the human body and help to remove toxins that poison the body. Vitamin therapy is carried out twice a year.

Therapeutic diet

All patients suffering from hepatosis are prescribed a special diet for fatty liver No. 5. It must be followed for about 2 years. After that, a slight expansion of power is allowed. Relaxation of the diet is possible only after consultation with a specialist.

The first thing a patient with fatty degeneration of the liver should do is to reduce weight. This can be achieved by refusing sweet, fatty, starchy foods.

The recovery of a person depends on how to eat with fatty liver. Foods that cannot be eaten:

all fried and smoked dishes, sausages;
canned food;
pasta;
muffins;
all broths, especially strong, rich;
sauces, including mayonnaise;
concentrates;
fast food;
radish;
beans;
alcohol, including beer.

It is necessary to use permitted foods in the diet, nutrition for fatty liver helps prevent degeneration of the organ, restore hepatocytes:

Fresh vegetables, which are a source of vitamins, trace elements that support the liver.
You need to eat more grapes, apples. They contain antioxidants that contribute to the restoration of organ tissues.
IN diet menu with fatty liver should always be nuts, sunflower and pumpkin seeds.
It is advisable to use honey instead of sugar.
Bread can be eaten dried and in small quantities.
Seafood, fish.
Patients with fatty hepatosis should eat more cereals.
From fats corn, sunflower, olive oil are useful.
From spices vanilla, cinnamon are useful.

Fractional six meals a day are recommended. If the patient does not eat what is forbidden for fatty liver and enriches the diet with foods rich in vitamins and trace elements, then the gland will gradually recover. After 1–1.5 years, her work will improve, but therapeutic nutrition will need to be observed throughout her life.

Folk remedies

Treatment with folk remedies should be carried out in combination with drug therapy. In terms of effectiveness, they are not inferior to drugs, they practically do not have side effects.

How to be treated with herbs for fatty liver and which of them are considered the most effective, the doctor will advise. Useful decoctions and infusions:

Rosehip infusion. To prepare it, you should take 50 g of fruits and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water. It is best to insist in a thermos for 10 hours. Drink a glass 3-4 times a day for 3 months.
Infusion of pine needles enriches the body with vitamins. For cooking, it is necessary to pour 1 kg of needles 2 l cold water, add 1 kg of sugar to them. Place the container in a cool place for 5 days, strain the mixture and drink 0.5 cups before each meal for 2 months.
1 st. l. a mixture of plantain leaves, eleutherococcus, immortelle, chamomile, cudweed pour 1 cup boiling water, leave for half an hour. Take 25 ml 3 times a day before meals. The duration of therapy is a month.
Boil 1 tbsp. sorrel root in 1.5 cups of water over low heat for 10 minutes, insist for 4 hours. Take 15 ml of infusion 3 times a day before meals.
Grind 3 lemons together with the peel, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, insist for 8 hours. Take this infusion of 50 ml 4 times a day in between meals. After 3 days of admission, take a break of 4 days, after which the course of treatment must be repeated.
Take milk thistle once a day for six months (1 tsp of chopped herb is poured into 0.5 cups of water, mixed and drunk).

It is useful to take cinnamon, apricot kernels with food. They help repair damaged liver cells.

Preventive measures

Regular exercise will help prevent the development of fatty hepatosis. Therapeutic exercise for fatty liver is necessary for every patient.

A healthy, balanced diet is important. Make sure you have enough protein in your diet. It is recommended to completely give up alcoholic beverages, stop smoking. Patients need to normalize body weight. For this, a diet with a limited amount of carbohydrates is suitable.

All medicines should be used only on the advice of a doctor. Self-medication is strictly prohibited. For preventive purposes, it is necessary to take hepatoprotectors.