We insulate the walls of the house with mineral wool. Insulation of the house with mineral wool. Insulation of external walls with mineral wool

Thin walls cause 30-35% of the heat to simply escape through them. Thus, almost a third of the money that is paid for heating is wasted, and if you collect it in a year or two, you get a pretty decent amount, which, if you save money, you can spend on anything: relaxing by the sea, traveling to a country you like, buying new furniture - a lot of options.

But how to save? Do not sit in a cold house? To start saving, you must first spend - to insulate the facade with mineral wool. The technology of this process is quite simple, you can do all the work yourself. The only thing you need for this is to know how to choose the material, how to handle it and what is the sequence of work. Further on this and much more in more detail.

But in order for the material to really perform all the functions and keep the house warm, it must be only of high quality. Far from all types of heaters that are on sale in the construction market today, we can say that they are of high quality. However, there are companies that produce mineral wool that meets all the requirements and has all the necessary properties. These are Beltep, IZOVOL, Paroc and others.

Topping the list of the best manufacturers is Rockwool. This is a branch of a Danish company. And he is not alone: throughout the country there are factories of this brand that offer high quality products without price markups.

Insulation characteristics

Mineral wool "Rockwool" is one of the best materials, which has many enhanced characteristics. The most important of them are:

Excellent soundproofing. Due to this, the fibers are chosen to improve the acoustics of the premises, the manufacture of noise barriers.
Low thermal conductivity.
Sustainability, which is confirmed by the EcoMaterial Green certificate.
Vapor permeability.
Fire resistance - mineral wool can withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees C, while other manufacturers have this figure - 600 degrees. In the event of a fire, the fibers do not shrink, so voids that are very dangerous at high temperatures do not form inside.
Ease of installation.
Possibility to choose external insulation in rolls or plates.
Durability. Moreover, during operation, the fibers do not collapse, do not deform, and keep their dimensions well.

In addition, which is very important, Rockwool insulation does not rot, it is not affected by rodents and various microorganisms.

Product overview

The Rockwool company produces several grades of mineral wool. Among them, the most in demand:

Ventirock Max. This is a mineral wool in the form of mats, intended for use in the insulation of enclosing walls, high partitions and external walls, followed by cladding in the form of glass, stone, corrugated board. The cost of mineral wool Wentirock Max - from 600 rubles. for 1 sq. m with overall dimensions of 100 x 60 x 10 cm.
"Conleit". This name is given to plates and shaped products. Available in two versions - with and without aluminum cladding. Some products are finished with a layer of fiberglass. This type of product is designed for installation at facilities that are subject to increased fire safety requirements. To fix the Conlit plates on the surface to be coated, you will need to additionally buy an adhesive specially designed for this.
"Light Butts". These are lightweight water-repellent thermal insulation boards that do not shrink and are easy to install. The cost of mineral wool brand "Light Butts" depends on its thickness (5 or 10 cm) and the size of the plates and varies from 450 to 565 rubles.

In total, the manufacturer produces 24 types of insulation, which allows you to choose the most suitable option for a specific purpose.

Material selection

Before you buy your favorite mineral wool, be sure to pay attention to where it will be installed and whether it is intended for this. So, if the installation of mineral wool will be carried out outside the building, then the material should also be facade, since it has a higher hydrophobicity, repels moisture and has a good density. Insulation designed for indoor installation has lower properties and will not cope with its purpose if it is installed outside the building.

Unfortunately, mineral wool, like any building material, has not only advantages. It also has disadvantages - the need to strictly observe the technological process. If the manufacturer's recommendations for installation are violated, the insulation will lose its thermal insulation properties. One of the options for violating technology is the rejection of the reinforcing layer. Such a decision will lead to the fact that cracks will appear on the facade, and over time, cracks will expand.

Warming technology

Experts advise you to take the recommendations for installing the insulation very carefully and seriously and properly prepare the walls - this alone guarantees the quality of the result, and the process itself will not take much time. How should the facade be insulated with mineral wool? The installation technology consists of several stages. This:

Making markup.
Profile installation.
Heater installation.
Fixation of insulating material.
Reinforcement.
Waterproofing provision.
Surface finishing.

After marking, it is necessary to remove cement smudges from the walls, protrusions, protruding metal pins, and then remove wires, drainpipes and other objects so that over time rust from them does not appear on the surface of the facade. Next, all cracks should be sealed with mortar. After that, it is necessary to apply a substance that protects against fungus on the entire insulated surface. Moreover, this must be done, even if the fungus on the wall surfaces is not noticed. If the walls are wooden, they must be impregnated with an antiseptic.

Facade preparation

Wall insulation with mineral wool is carried out in the following sequence:

Wall primer. Moreover, it is necessary to use a material that penetrates deep into the surface of the walls.
Installation of guides. It can be wooden bars or a metal profile. Horizontal rails must be the same thickness as the thermal insulation material. Considering that mineral wool can be compressed a little during installation, the profile can be used 1-2 cm thinner, this is quite acceptable. The distance between the guides depends on the dimensions of the plates.
In order for the plates to be laid tightly, without gaps and cracks, it is necessary to make the distance between the guides somewhat smaller. But this indicator should not exceed 2 cm.
Fix the guides using self-tapping screws or dowels.
Lay Rockwool insulation between the guides. Laying starts at the bottom and ends at the top. You can put insulation on glue or strengthen it with dish-shaped dowels. If, nevertheless, gaps have formed between the heat-insulating material and the guides, they must be filled using the remnants of the insulation.
To reinforce the insulated wall, apply glue to its surface and gently press the reinforcing mesh. Then the adhesive must be applied again on top. This will prevent surface deformation and will additionally protect the insulation from moisture.

Installation under siding

If siding is used as the final finish, it is best to arrange a ventilated facade by insulating the facade with mineral wool. The technology of this action is as follows:

Fix the vertical profile. All elements are installed at a distance of 40-50 cm from one another.
Rockwool mineral wool is laid in the gap between the vertical posts, which is fastened with plate-shaped dowels.
The insulation is closed with a waterproofing membrane. Joints are sealed with butyl tape. This must be done to protect the insulation from moisture. Depending on the material of the walls, staples or liquid nails are used to fix the vapor barrier film.
Installation of the counter-lattice.
Siding installation.

Insulation under plaster

Insulation of the facade with mineral wool under plaster eliminates the use of vapor and wind insulation and battens. Work is carried out according to the following plan:

Fix mineral wool on the surface of the facade using glue or dish-shaped dowels. In this case, you need to make sure that there are no gaps anywhere, and the joints of the plates of the next row are located approximately in the middle of the previous row.
Installation of reinforcing mesh. The canvases are laid with an "overlap" of 10-15 cm - this will not allow cracking of the plaster.
When the reinforcing layer becomes dry, the exterior finish is performed.
Using a spatula, remove glue streaks.
If it turns out that the reinforcement did not level the wall surfaces, you can first use rough plastering
Perform finishing touches. To improve the aesthetic performance of the building, it is desirable to use decorative plaster.

Those who are engaged in construction professionally argue that it is possible to insulate the facade with mineral wool yourself. The technology is not complicated, but there are some nuances, without knowing which it will not be possible to perform work at a high level:

For outdoor installation, Rockwool mineral wool in slabs is best suited - this material has a high density, so it will not sag over time.
It is best to take insulation material of such a thickness that it can be installed in one layer. If installation is carried out in two layers, the seams should not match.
During installation, you need to make sure that there are no voids left - they will be cold bridges that provoke the appearance of condensate.

At the final stages of construction, it is necessary to make reliable insulation of the walls, we will show you how to insulate the facade of the house with mineral wool. And also we will figure out why it is beneficial to use this particular material, because there are many other offers on the modern construction market.

Minvata - what kind of insulation is it?

Mineral wool can be made from several types of raw materials: glass, rocks, and blast furnace slag. Also, during the production process, it can be given several types of fiber structure, but in any case, each batch will accurately meet all the requirements of a heat-insulating material and reliably retain heat in the house. Mineral wool can be found on sale in the form of rolls, large mats or compact tiles. The latter option is the most convenient for working alone, but the laying process itself takes more time.

Why is mineral wool most often used for facades? The catch in the insulation process is always not to eat up precious centimeters of the living space, and the use of mineral wool for internal insulation is extremely unprofitable from this point of view, the material itself and the devices for its fastening are very thick. But since this material is very attractive for its characteristics, it is still used, but for the insulation of facades. This not only allows you not to worry about precious meters, but also does not require chaos in the interior.

Advantages of facade insulation with mineral wool

The popularity of mineral wool did not grow from scratch, so let's look at the many advantages of such a heater. The first thing that every owner is afraid of is the conservation of the room, that is, the lack of full-fledged air exchange due to the insulation layer, and this layer is impressive for our material. But its structure allows air to move moderately in both directions, excluding dampness in the room, without losing all the heat.

The poor ability of such cotton wool to burn ensures its independent safety and protects the whole house as a whole well, because it is an outdoor fur coat. This ability of the material will be especially appreciated by the owners of a wooden house, those who decide to insulate summer cottages. But for the owners of concrete houses, the water resistance of cotton wool will be interesting. Dampness is a friend of mold and various fungi, which does not add durability to any structure, and health to people.

The sound insulation of mineral wool is due to its thickness and packing density of the fibers, and during installation it is compressed a little more so that small temporary deformations do not form cold bridges. Having made insulation with mineral wool, you get a kind of cocoon in which you can hide from a noisy street. Thus, we are convinced that all the necessary qualities of a heater are present in wool, but what can upset us?

Disadvantages of home insulation with mineral wool

The first thing they talk about when it comes to mineral wool is its harmfulness. When these products took their first steps on the market, their production was indeed not without this sin. Given the raw materials that go into its production, every chemist will say that the danger lies in formaldehyde resins that can be released from the cotton wool layer. But today, technologies are more advanced, both for the production and installation of this insulation, and WHO recognized the safety in 2010.

No matter how good cotton wool is, it requires the correct installation technique, namely protection. Nevertheless, the material is quite light and sleeps well, blowing out of the layer over time. But this has not been a problem for a long time, either adhesives or film products are used, and on both sides of the insulation layer. This provides protection against both direct water ingress and spillage. You should also choose the right form for the release of cotton wool, for example, it is better not to lay tiles in the insulation of the ceiling, they are still heavier, for example, rolls, which will be more convenient to mount, and the load on the system will be less.

How to insulate the facade of a house with mineral wool - a step-by-step guide

Much has been said about the importance of proper installation when insulating the facade with mineral wool, so it's time to start studying this particular information.

How to insulate the facade of a house with mineral wool - a step-by-step diagram

Step 1: Surface preparation

We agree that we will work with mineral wool slabs, therefore, we will need plastic umbrella nails and special glue. This will ensure reliable fastening of the material for many years. To apply the first layer of glue, you should thoroughly clean the wall. If your construction has just been completed, then you will need to examine the surface for cement smudges (in the case of brickwork) and irregularities in the corners of the brick stone, and level it all. If the house has already been in operation for a long time, then we remove dust, dirt, possibly oil stains. In the case of a plastered surface, make sure that there are no weak spots where the plaster is already almost falling off, cracking, crumbling. Only after all these works the surface is considered ready.

Step 2: Primary fastening of mineral wool

You should start from the bottom row, where a profile is fixed to strengthen the first tiles. You should keep track of its horizontal level, because subsequent rows will have the same orientation as the first. To fix the cotton wool tile, a layer of special glue is applied to the wall with a spatula, mineral wool is applied, pressed well, this is a kind of safety mount. Then holes are made in the tile in the center and in the corners, dowels-umbrellas are inserted there.

It is better not to ignore any of the fixing methods, this guarantees you that over time, when the material undergoes several cycles of seasonal compression and expansion, your wall will still hold heat reliably, the plates will not shift with the formation of cold bridges, and the outer wall will not crack. insulation finish. In addition, tiles are a rather heavy material; such a multi-stage fixation will prevent sagging in the future.

If it is planned to install siding on the house, then glue is not used, it can only be fixed with umbrellas, but under and above the mineral wool there should be a special film that protects against moisture. You can also do without adhesive and reinforcing layers if you make a frame for mineral wool, but this is a more troublesome task.

Step 3: Reinforcement

This step is used in the case of such an approach, where there are adhesive layers that not only fix the mineral wool boards, but also protect it from moisture like a film. After the entire wall is lined with insulation, another layer of glue is applied, and fine-grained reinforcement mesh is pressed into it. This will just provide additional protection against damage to the exterior finish under the weight of the tiles or due to their deformation. The mesh must be selected from materials that are resistant to moisture and alkalis, because there will be another layer of construction chemicals on top, and early rusting of the reinforced layer is useless.

Step 4: Decorative trim

It remains to wait for the complete drying of the glue with the mesh and do the exterior decoration. Stucco is ideal for this, and its decorative varieties, to create an interesting texture, for example, bark beetle. If the surface after reinforcement turned out to be very uneven, then a rough layer is required, but if there are no visible defects, then the finishing layer can be applied directly to the adhesive layer.

Building your own house at a certain stage raises the question of the need for wall insulation for the developer. Thermal insulation works are a responsible event, since non-compliance with the technology can lead to large heat losses, the appearance of dampness, fungus and mold.

The service of insulating private houses with mineral wool has become more and more popular lately due to the realization of the fact that after all the installation work has been completed and the building has been put into operation, you can start saving money on heating.

Benefits of insulated walls

Qualitatively carried out thermal insulation work allows you to achieve high comfort indoors, achieve the desired level of heat and maintain it for a long time. During the winter months, mineral wool prevents the cold air from cooling the walls too much.

In addition, by increasing the thickness of the walls and due to its heat-conducting characteristics, it is possible to eventually achieve a displacement of the so-called dew point outside the wall material (for example, into the same insulation). Thus, the service life of the structure can be significantly increased.

In summer, thermal insulation functions differently: it does not allow the walls of the house to heat up intensely, creating conditions for a constant temperature. Due to this, the house becomes cooler (compared to the street).

The facade of the house insulated with mineral wool and a well-thought-out ventilation system of the premises will help to avoid dampness, the development of mold and fungi, the presence of which adversely affects human health.

The installation of a new heating system, high-quality windows with double-glazed windows in several chambers, as well as doors, will complete the list of necessary steps to create optimal housing.

Varieties of mineral wool

The building materials market is saturated with a variety of insulation, among which mineral wool occupies a separate place. On the network you can find a huge number of photos of home insulation with mineral wool. The raw material for its production determines the type of cotton wool itself. It can be stone, slag or glass.

Stone wool is made from basalt, granite or porphyrite. Volcanic rock gives a high result in terms of quality and durability of materials made on its basis.

Slag wool is produced from the waste of the metallurgical industry. The material is slightly inferior to the leader, as it does not cope well with sudden temperature changes in late autumn and early spring.

In addition, increased humidity from steam passing through the wall material to the outside reduces its service life. Often this kind of mineral wool is used for warming barn buildings, garages.

Glass wool is obtained by mixing glass waste, soda, limestone, dolomite and borax mineral. The material is elastic and resistant to vibrations. As a rule, glass wool is used in structures requiring a high degree of fire safety.

Form of production of mineral wool - in the form of plates of various sizes and in rolls. If the heat-insulated surface is large, then a roll insulation is used to reduce the number of joints.

Mineral wool has a different degree of hardness, which is marked on the packaging. Soft wool is used indoors, for example, to create heat and sound insulation of partitions. Rigid and medium hardness is more suitable for walls and roofing cake.

The nuances of home insulation

If a decision is made to insulate the house outside with mineral wool with your own hands, then you need to keep in mind some features of this process. The frame for the installation of mineral wool boards is made of wooden bars or a metal profile.

Moreover, the distance between the carriers should be made slightly less than the width of the plate itself, so that when it is tightly installed, there are no gaps left. The latter will be bridges of cold, increasing heat loss.

The frame should also consist of horizontal bars in order to avoid increased loading of the plates on each other and their subsequent sagging. You can also use special dowels of the "Mushroom" type.

The dowel itself, passing through the thickness of the insulation, goes inside the wall material. Its large head holds the insulation. A nail (metal or plastic) is driven into the body of the dowel, expanding it. Thus, the entire structure is securely fixed to the wall.

After the installation of the plates, the stage of creating a vapor barrier layer begins. The placement of the membrane is carried out in horizontal stripes and starts from the top of the structure. You can fix the insulating material with a construction stapler if the carriers are made of wood.

It makes sense to use double-sided tape when a metal profile is used. The main thing to remember is that the membrane must be mounted with an overlap (about 10 cm, or along the corresponding line on the material itself), and the joints must be glued with a special tape.

The next step involves installing the crate on top of the vapor barrier layer. This is done from the considerations that there must be a ventilation gap between the thermal insulation and the facade finish.

Steam from human life, passing through the wall, insulation and membrane will dissipate just in the gap space. Thus, a ventilated facade is equipped.

It is possible to mount on special U-shaped hangers used for mounting a metal profile under drywall. Plates or strips from roll insulation are mounted on the “Mushroom” dowels. The density of the material allows the suspensions to pass through the insulation.

Thus, the mineral wool insulation technology is not too complicated, however, elementary construction skills are required.

External walls and their insulation

Experienced builders advise to insulate the house from the outside. Due to this, heat will be retained in the premises, and cold air will be retained by the heat-insulating layer. In addition, this option will save usable living space. There are two ways to insulate the facade: wet and dry.

wet method. The insulation is mounted on the wall, finishing work is carried out on top of it, for example, plastering. The thickness of the heat-insulating layer is about 10-15 cm.

The plates are glued to the wall with a special glue, additionally fixed with dowels "Mushroom". After that, the base must be reinforced with a special mesh and plastered with the same adhesive composition.

Facade plaster, for example, bark beetle, completes the decoration. It will perform two functions - protective and decorative. It is advisable to carry out all work in dry weather, since the insulation wet from the rain will dry for a long time.

dry method. This method allows you to get the so-called ventilated facade. The insulation is placed between the supporting frame made of timber. The latter is necessarily covered with an antiseptic.

If all the technology is followed, then as a result it will be possible to obtain a facade of your own house that is reliably protected from precipitation, wind and cold. And this is a guarantee of comfortable living for the whole family.

Photo of warming the house with mineral wool

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Warming the house outside with mineral wool

There are people who love winter. They rejoice in frosts, they are happy when there is snow and ice around. These strange citizens are not afraid of snowstorms, strong winds. Why? It’s just that their houses are always warm, drafts don’t bother them, the walls never get wet, and they breathe easily.

Do you want your home walls to always warm you too? Then you should think about how to insulate them. It is correct and reasonable from an engineering point of view to make external insulation.

Benefits of insulation from the outside compared to the inside:

Doesn't take up precious living space.
Protects walls from wind, sun, rain and cold.
It puts a barrier in the way of street noise: the fun of daring neighbors in the yard, the roar of firecrackers and the night squeal of car alarms will no longer wake you up.
Allows water vapor to escape to the outside, which prevents the walls from freezing.
It prevents the accumulation of moisture in the thickness of the supporting structures, which makes it impossible for mold and fungus to appear.
It makes it possible to change the design of the exterior finish - when you want to make the "appearance" of the house more solid, cheerful or just different.

Types of insulation materials

Among the products of the construction market intended for thermal insulation of premises, there are only two popular and beloved ones: mineral wool and expanded polystyrene. How to decide which one suits you best?

Price. Expanded polystyrene is noticeably cheaper, but is it worth focusing only on this indicator? After all, the material will become part of your living space for a long time.
Weight. Minvata is heavier. This means that transportation and warehousing will require a little more trouble. On the other hand, if the insulation does not lie idle for long, why think about whether it is good for him?
Moisture absorption. Expanded polystyrene does not absorb water. The air between the mineral wool fibers is able to absorb the vapor molecules. This property has a downside, which is very useful for creating a comfortable homely atmosphere.
The ability to "breathe", gas permeability. Fibrous insulation is 6 times more vapor permeable than dense plastic foam boards. This means that you do not need to spend money on an additional ventilation system.
Noise absorption. Stone wool perfectly dampens sounds, unlike polystyrene.
Heat retention. The thermal conductivity of these two completely different heaters with the same thickness is almost equal.
Environmental friendliness. Products derived from organic compounds emit harmful substances, which cannot be said about the material made on the basis of rocks.
Fire safety. Styrofoam burns, cotton wool from inorganic matter cannot burn, and does not emit poisons when heated.
Mice like to settle in expanded polystyrene plates, and rodents are indifferent to mineral wool.
Mineral wool is not damaged by any chemicals, and plastic insulation has a whole list of compounds, the interaction with which destroys it.

Now it is clear that mineral fiber insulation is the most convenient, safe and practical material. How to fix it on external walls?

Two ways to install mineral wool outside

Hinged structure (ventilated facade). For the device of such a system, a frame is constructed from metal or wood. Insulation is laid in the gaps between the profiles, then the outer skin is made, for example, with siding, corrugated board or porcelain stoneware.

The scheme of warming the house with mineral wool (mineral wool)

Wet way. Mineral wool boards are glued to the surface of the wall, then a primer is applied to them, a reinforcing mesh is pressed into it. From above, everything is finished with decorative plaster.

Wet method of warming the house with mineral wool

Installation of a hinged structure

There are many types of heaters, you need to buy the right material. Stone wool intended for the installation of a ventilated facade must have the following characteristics:

The coefficient of thermal conductivity is not higher than 0.044;
Water absorption below 70%;
Density above 30–60 kg/m².

Stages of work on warming:

Wall processing. Cover the brick wall with putty from a mixture of sand, cement and water. Wooden - treat with an antiseptic and wait until it dries completely.
Vapor barrier using film, roofing material, foil.
Step 2 - Vaporize the house
Do not lay the insulating layer directly on the wooden wall, leave a gap for the outflow of liquid. Otherwise, the wall material will begin to get wet, rot, become covered with fungus. If a special waterproofing film is taken, note that one side is smooth, the other is fleecy. The film must be fixed with the rough side to the wall, the glossy side out. Connect the layers with an overlap, isolate the joints with adhesive tape.
The construction of a vertical frame of boards nailed to the edge of the wall.
Formwork from boards for fixing mineral wool (mineral wool)
If you purchased mineral wool with an elastic edge, the gaps between the posts should be 2 cm smaller than the width of the insulation board. For a stone wall, the structure can be made from a metal profile or timber.
Laying cotton wool in the gaps of the frame, preferably in 2 layers, so that the middle of the plates of the second is superimposed on the joints of the first layer. For the top layer, it is recommended to take a denser material.
A sample of laying mineral wool in the gaps of the frame
Waterproofing. Now lay the special film with the rough side out.
Waterproofing of mineral wool (mineral wool)
Provide a gap between the insulation and the outer cladding for free air movement. To do this, fasten slats 50 mm thick on the frame over the cotton wool.
Scheme of insulation with mineral wool
Finish the exterior with materials of your choice.

"Wet" method of warming the house from the outside with mineral wool

Cotton wool slabs for plastering should be denser, so we are looking for material in the store with the following indicators:

Thermal conductivity is less than 0.044;
Water absorption below 70%;
Density above 80–120 kg/m².
Sequencing:

Cleaning and preparation (priming) of the surface.
Surface primer
Mounting the cornice from below - it is needed as a support for the insulation, aligning it horizontally, as well as to protect against insects and bad weather.
Cornice installation
Smearing mineral wool boards with glue.
Glue application process
Sticking on the wall, according to the principle of brickwork.
Fastening mineral wool to the wall
It is important to properly paste over window and door openings so that the joints of the plates do not fall on the corners of the opening.
The method of fixing mineral wool in the joints between window openings
Wait for the glue to dry completely before the next step.
Fixation with dowels in the form of an umbrella - with wide hats.
Fixing the material with dowels
Dowels should not protrude above the insulation.
Dowel fastening scheme
Fixing reinforcing mesh at corners and around window and door openings. You need to wait a day for the reinforcing materials to "grab".
A layer of mounting plaster.
Application of mounting plaster
The mounting mesh is recessed into this layer, plaster is again applied on top for leveling.
It is important to use the mounting grid
Finishing painting in progress.

What else should be remembered when arranging an insulating structure on external walls?

After the walls are insulated, their thickness will increase by about 20 cm. The insulation should not be left open in these places, the width of the slopes, window sills and ebbs should be increased.

The optimal selection of materials is when each layer passes more and more water vapor from the wall to the street. Then the moisture will go outside the house, and the walls and insulation will remain dry. For this purpose, a ventilation gap should be provided between the facade and stone wool.

Leave no room for cold bridges. If gaps or gaps are found between the plates, they must be filled with pieces of the same material.

The more layers of insulation, the higher the risk of air pockets between the layers, and this leads to a loss of thermal insulation properties.

Wet installation is carried out only at positive temperatures, from +5 to +30ºC

Video - instructions for warming a house with mineral wool (mineral wool)

During construction or during a major repair, the question arises of warming a house or apartment, and so that after the completion of work there is no bitter regret about the wasted funds, it is necessary to know as much as possible about the materials used. The article will discuss the insulation of walls with mineral wool from the outside and from the inside.

Warming is an important process in which any deviation from technology is simply unacceptable. Illiterate work will exacerbate the situation. At first, it will not be noticeable at all, much later, the accumulation of dampness will lead to the multiplication of a dangerous fungus - black mold.

Recently, thermal insulation work has been gaining momentum, and this is not because the winter months have become more severe, but because it is more economical. Wall insulation both inside and outside the building is within the power of anyone, but as for multi-storey buildings, then the involvement of specialists is required.

What gives high-quality wall insulation

First of all, it is comfort and significant savings on heating. If the protection of the walls from the cold is done correctly, then this makes it possible to adjust the desired level of heat in the room. In the summer months, this system works differently: thermal insulation does not allow the walls to warm up, which means that the temperature will be almost constant.
The lack of thermal insulation can lead to the development of fungi, and as a result, the appearance of black mold, which, by the way, is very difficult to get rid of. Inhaled spores are dangerous for a healthy person, not to mention children, the elderly and allergy sufferers.

When insulating, the same temperature of the walls and the air inside the room will prevent condensation and, accordingly, dampness. Of course, for a greater effect, along with the thermal insulation of the walls, it is recommended to change the radiators, replace the old windows with modern 3-chamber double-glazed windows, and also perform similar work on the loggia, balcony.

The choice of material for wall insulation

Mineral wool, polyethylene foam, cork material can act as a heater. I would like to note that they all cope with their purpose, as they have a low degree of thermal conductivity. Despite all the variety presented on the building materials market, it is especially popular mineral wool.

Its fibrous structure is obtained by cooling the crushed and then stretched into the thinnest threads (up to 12 microns) mineral eutectic. Depending on the feedstock, it happens:

stone. Produced using basalt, porphyrite, granite. This wool is of high quality, it is used for thermal insulation of especially important buildings, where strength is required for many years.

slag. Accordingly, it is made from metallurgical waste. This product is inferior in quality to stone wool. It does not tolerate sudden changes in temperature and increased loads, it is not so durable under wet conditions. It is more often used for warming sheds, temporary buildings, summer houses.
glass. It is obtained from melted glass with the addition of soda, dolomite and limestone. Such a product is quite elastic and resistant to vibrations. It is recommended to use for structures with increased requirements for fire safety.

Mineral wool is produced in rolls or in the form of plates, where the strength of the fibers is achieved by processing with a special binder. Mats are used to equip the thermal insulation layer of large areas; they allow you to perform work with minimal gaps.

The degree of rigidity determines its application. The soft look is mainly intended for indoor work using frame structures. Rigid and semi-rigid mineral wool is more suitable for walls subjected to mechanical stress.

Advantages and disadvantages of mineral wool

This non-combustible material, coupled with a good heat and sound insulation property, compares favorably with other heaters.

It does not change shape due to temperature jumps, therefore it is used on objects where the surface temperature can range from -200° to +600°, and in some cases up to 1000°C.
Cotton wool has biological, chemical resistance and an inert environment, even if metal elements come into contact with it, they do not corrode.
This heat-insulating product is easy to process - cut with a knife, sawn with a hacksaw, which greatly facilitates installation work.
If the finishing layer is made of a material with low vapor permeability, then all the condensate will be concentrated in the mineral wool layers. When wet, its heat-insulating properties are noticeably reduced, here a loss of geometric shapes is possible. Therefore, when installing thermal insulation, both facades and walls inside the room, it should be covered with a membrane film.

There is a claim that this material has a bad effect on health, releasing hazardous substances. This is not entirely true. When working with it, it is necessary to use gloves and respiratory masks so that the resulting dust does not enter the respiratory tract during cutting. In addition, after laying, it is closed with a vapor barrier film, drywall and / or other finishing materials.

How to choose mineral wool for wall insulation

The selection of material is carried out according to the following criteria:

thermal conductivity. This indicator is directly proportional to the preservation of heat directly in the house. Therefore, the smaller it is, the lower the cost of heating the building;
durability. With proper installation, mineral wool has an almost unlimited service life;
vapor permeability. The high coefficient of vapor barrier will allow the plaster to dry quickly on the facade, made by the "wet method" and remove excess moisture in the ventilated structure;
fire safety. This property is important for a material used both for outdoor and indoor work.
For facades with a frame device, mineral wool, produced on the basis of rocks or glass, is mainly selected. The material must have excellent moisture-resistant characteristics, and the vapor permeability index should be at least 0.5 mg / mh Pa.
If this insulation will carry a load, such as a plaster layer, then special attention is paid to density, so it is recommended to use a material with a density of at least 150 kg / m³ and vapor permeability should be at least 0.35 mg / mh Pa.

Internal partitions or walls are insulated with both basalt and fiberglass wool. Light cotton wool with a density of 10-90 kg / m³ is suitable here. In addition to thermal conductivity, such a property as noise absorption is important, so you should choose a product with an index of 42 dB or more.

Technology of wall insulation with mineral wool

It is not always possible to perform thermal insulation outside the housing, this applies more to the owner of an apartment in a multi-storey building. Here there is a change in the facade, for which it is necessary to obtain permission from the relevant authorities. And, as a rule, the project of warming one apartment is not approved.

There is a way out of this situation - to carry out similar work from the inside. But, opponents of this method argue that such insulation will not lead to the expected effect. And this is not entirely true, if the walls are insulated with mineral wool correctly, in compliance with the technology, then the main goal will be achieved.

Main stages of work:

a complete cleaning of surfaces is carried out, especially if traces of mold are visible. This is done manually with a spatula or construction vacuum cleaner. For drying, a special hair dryer, infrared heaters are used. If necessary, surfaces are treated with antiseptics;
all cracks and pits are sealed with a cement mixture. For recesses up to 3 cm, mounting foam is used, deeper voids are filled with tow and foam;
treated with antiseptic agents and primers. They should be applied with a significant time interval, allowing each layer to dry completely;
the final stage of preparatory work is being carried out - leveling the surfaces for a tighter fit of the structure or frameless insulation.

detailed instructions

Brick, gas or foam concrete blocks are plastered and treated with a solution of liquid waterproofing material. After drying, it forms a film that prevents the formation and development of dampness between the wall and the insulation layer.
The frame is made of wooden slats or metal profiles, taking into account the width of the roll, or more precisely, the distance between the vertical supports should be slightly less than the width of the selected material. This will ensure its tight fit to the structure.

The distance from the wall is taken with the calculation of the thickness of the slab plus a few centimeters for the air gap, which is created by the adhesive solution applied in a dotted manner.
It is more expedient to use plates, they do not roll on vertical surfaces like rolled mineral wool. Here it is recommended to install horizontal bars to reduce the load of their own weight.
It is recommended to start placing a layer of vapor barrier film from the top of the structure in a horizontal direction. Fixing to the frame can be done with double-sided tape. If it is a wooden structure, then you can use a furniture stapler. The membrane is mounted with an overlap of about 10 cm or more and an overlap in the corners, floor and ceiling of the room.

The joints of the connection are glued with mounting tape or construction tape. It is advisable to seal the places where the film adjoins the surfaces with a liquid sealant. On top of a kind of “pie”, a counter-lattice is attached with slats 15-25 mm wide. This is done so that a ventilation gap is formed between the vapor barrier layer and the inner lining. Here you can mount the selected finishing material: drywall, panels, lining and so on.

But vapor barrier material can be omitted if you purchase foil mineral wool. In this case, the side with the foil should "look" into the room. Such a coating provides this material with additional heat-saving properties.
If preference was given to roll material, then the work is carried out in a slightly different way. U-shaped brackets are fixed on the surfaces for the installation of metal profiles. As a rule, the vertical distance between them is 60 cm, and the horizontal step is 50-60 cm. Such parameters are quite enough for laying insulation.
Next, you should measure the mineral wool of the desired length, be sure to leave a tolerance of about 10 cm. The properties of the material allow you to freely pass under the bent "ears" of the brackets. They securely fix the insulation in a vertical position. Then profiles are installed and drywall sheets are mounted.

Wall insulation with mineral wool video

Insulation of external walls with mineral wool

Experts recommend performing insulation outside the building. This is the most productive option to keep the heat in the premises, besides, useful centimeters of the area are not taken here, and condensation does not form. In addition, an additional layer of thermal insulation will help to avoid cold bridges, which inevitably form due to the crate under the insulation.

There are two most popular ways.

wet method

Its principle is to install the insulating material directly on the wall, on top of which the finishing work is carried out. Thus, a uniform, seamless coating is obtained. In this case, the thickness of the insulation should be about 15 cm.
Mineral wool is fixed on the surface with an adhesive composition, hardware - "umbrellas" act as the main fasteners. Next, the finished base is reinforced. The finishing stage consists in facade finishing, for example, with decorative plaster, which will perform a protective function and give an attractive appearance to the building.
This method is ideal for houses built of brick, gas-foam concrete blocks. For frame buildings under mineral wool, a hard flooring of OSB-plates is first mounted. It is strictly forbidden to perform work during the rain, if the insulation gets wet, it will take a very long time to wait until it dries.

dry method

Performing work on the thermal insulation of the building in this way, as a result we get a ventilated facade. The material is mounted in cells or honeycombs formed by the frame structure. If a bar is used to make the skeleton, then it should be covered with an antiseptic.

Tip: when making a crate for fixing the insulation, it is most convenient to leave the distance between the horizontal slats narrower, along the width of the insulation. But it will be good to save money if you make them less often, in increments equal to the length of the mineral wool slab.

A moisture-proof film must be laid on top of the insulation, which can be fixed with double-sided tape or a construction stapler.

Then slats are attached to the main frame, forming a crate. Here it performs 2 functions: it creates an air cushion and serves as the basis for the installation of cladding, such as siding or asbestos-cement boards.

To achieve the goal, work related to insulation must be carried out both on internal and external surfaces. A kind of "pie" consists of the following layers (from inside to outside):

finishing material: putty, wallpaper, painting;
plasterboard sheets;
vapor barrier membrane;
mineral wool;
main wall;
mineral wool;
waterproof material;
finishing material: siding, lining and so on.

Compliance with the basic requirements during construction will help protect the house from moisture, wind and, accordingly, dampness, thereby creating comfortable living conditions.

Mineral wool manufacturers

To date, many manufacturers offer this thermal insulation material to the consumer. The most famous are: "Isover", "Knauf", "URSA" and "Rockwool". These brands always provide certificates for their products, product hygienic assessment, test reports, and so on.

Some companies specialize in the production of a certain type of wool, for example, Ursa produces mostly fiberglass-based wool. But still, large factories produce products of all kinds.
Marking will help to understand for which structures or climatic conditions this or that mineral wool is intended. But, unfortunately, each manufacturer has its own, and the question of uniform indicators has already been raised.
If the packaging indicates the thermal conductivity, dimensions, purpose of the material, and if it is also accompanied by a package of relevant documents, then this guarantees that the purchased product is of high quality and reliable. Such mineral wool will last for a long time without losing its thermal and acoustic characteristics.
After all, if you choose the wrong material, then the expected result may not be obtained, on the contrary, this will significantly reduce energy-saving properties and may well destroy the structure. Ultimately, additional costs for correcting errors cannot be avoided.

It happens that a consumer buys mineral wool, insulates the walls with his own hands and hopes for a long service life of the product, but in reality everything happens the other way around. The material breaks down very quickly, the rooms begin to freeze, and the user develops a negative attitude towards the product, which he expresses on the forums on the Internet.

Alas, such situations are not uncommon, but the main reason is not a violation of the installation technology, operating rules or incorrect preparation of the walls, but incorrectly selected dimensions or physical indicators. In particular, the density and thickness of the plates. To prevent wall insulation from the outside with mineral wool from becoming a waste of money, a potential buyer should familiarize himself with the recommendations regarding material parameters.

It is known that the insulation in question is perfect for internal or external surfaces of residential buildings. Since in the latter case, wall insulation with mineral wool affects the entire thermal insulation system and the resource of the house, it is necessary to choose its size taking into account the following factors:

climatic features of the region;
humidity;
material of the insulated surface;
maximum and minimum temperatures during the year.

Even if the consumer buys mineral wool with the lowest thermal conductivity, there is no guarantee that the purchase will perform its functions.

By the way, to achieve the best effect, you should not pay attention to roll insulation - they are cheaper and, as a rule, are made from lower quality components.

In addition, the thickness of the roll is a maximum of 50 mm, which may not be enough when insulating external walls. Giving preference to mineral wool boards of large sizes, the consumer will not lose.

Density indicates the weight of the insulation contained in one cubic meter of volume. The higher the indicator, the greater the cost of mineral wool. This fact is due to the difference in the production technology of some plates from others. To get a high density, you need to spend a lot of raw materials. This, in turn, drives up production costs.

The density of mineral wool boards varies from 20 to 250 kg/cu. m. The physical properties and technical capabilities of the material will be very different. In order to accurately determine which slab is best suited for the outer wall of a particular building, it is worth knowing that the density depends on:

the ability of the structure to withstand a certain load;
resistance to deformation;
compressive strength of the material.

However, density does not affect a number of functions. Among them:

soundproofing properties;
vapor permeability;
plate thickness;
insulating properties.

Having full information about the features of the operation of the insulated building, you can choose mineral wool boards, the size of which will increase their service life and the house as a whole.

Recommendations for the thickness and density of mineral wool

Accounting for the climatic features of the region is crucial when choosing the size of the insulation. For the outer walls of houses located in areas of temperate continental climate (Moscow, Leningrad, Volgograd and other regions), it is recommended to choose plates with a thickness of 80-100 mm. As the region is farther away from this area (continental, sharply continental, monsoonal, maritime climate; subarctic, arctic belts), the thickness increases by about 10%. For example, for the Murmansk region, it is desirable to take 150 mm thick mineral wool for external walls, and for Tobolsk, the correct range will be from 90 to 110 mm.

Insulation with a density of up to 40 kg / cu. m is used only in unloaded horizontal surfaces, so it is better to ignore them. Such cotton wool is produced in rolls, rolled out on sheathed interfloor partitions, floors, etc. For insulation of external walls of non-residential or industrial premises, the indicator varies from 50 to 75 kg / cu. m. If the user makes a ventilated facade, the plates must be even denser - up to 110 kg / cu. m. Otherwise, the indicator can reach 130-140 kg / cu. m, but on condition that later the walls will be plastered. The first option involves the subsequent finishing with siding or a similar method of finishing work in order to extend the service life.

Rules for the installation of mineral wool boards

The house is insulated from the outside in one of three possible ways:

"well" system;
ventilated facade;
"wet" method.

The first involves the placement of mineral wool slabs inside the wall, that is, between the base material (brick, foam concrete, etc.) and the outer cladding (silicate brick, cellular concrete).

For wooden buildings, the technology of a ventilated facade is more often used, in which a frame is placed around the perimeter of the house, and slabs of material are tightly placed inside it. Fasteners are carried out with adhesives or plastic dowels with a wide cap. All work is quickly done with your own hands, and without outside help.

The method is good because there is no need for an additional layer of vapor barrier. The resulting ventilation gap between the wool and the lining allows air to circulate, preventing moisture stagnation inside the insulation, and also shifts the dew point outside the wool. Therefore, the purchased material will not shrink, will not get wet and will withstand the service life specified by the manufacturer.

In the wet method, the insulation boards are attached to the original surface, which was previously leveled, after which plaster or other special mortar is applied over them with a layer of about 2-3 cm. The method includes the following steps:

cleaning the surface, sealing holes, cracks, cracks;
installation of a basement cornice;
gluing heat-insulating material;
additional reinforcement - dowel fasteners;
applying a reinforcing mesh;
surface primer;
plastering (decorative or rough);
painting in the desired color.

The classic way to install insulation on wooden walls with your own hands as a ventilated facade is to follow these steps:

impregnation of the walls with an antiseptic, and the places where rot appears - with special solutions;
dismantling of platbands, slopes;
drying the walls (minimum period - 1 day);
laying a layer of a vapor-permeable membrane, while the smooth side of the material is located towards the insulation;
if the walls are perfectly even, it is not necessary to use a membrane;
fastening wooden slats over the film on self-tapping screws, nails or dowels; the distance between the slats should be 1-2 cm less than the width of the mineral wool slabs, so that it fits inside the crate by surprise, and the thickness should be equal to the thickness of the latter;
laying heat-insulating plates inside the resulting crate;
one more additional layer - wind protection (waterproofing) - is fastened with staples of a construction stapler;
in order to create a ventilated gap over the bars (battens), the counter rails are again stuffed so that the facing material is located at a distance of 5-7 cm from the insulation;
since the thickness of the walls has increased, you will have to purchase new architraves, slopes, etc.

If the stages of fastening mineral wool to external walls with your own hands are done correctly, there is no doubt that the material will work out the service life prescribed by the manufacturer. For most fibrous insulation brands such as Ursa or RockVul, it varies from 50 to 70 years.

The consumer should remember that the plates with the highest density will significantly weight the structure, so you should not assume that the most massive option is the best. Even if the choice of thermal insulation is made correctly, and the insulation of the walls from the outside with mineral wool seems to be a simple task, this does not relieve the user from additional work, such as preparing the surface of the house or fixing hydro and vapor barriers.

Stone wool, one of the varieties of mineral wool, is perfect for warming the house and any room in it. With the help of our advice, you can choose the right material, make high-quality installation and take care of its long service life.

Stone wool: what is it made of

Cotton wool is made from rocks of basalt, marl or metamorphic origin. Basalt rocks are considered the best component. However, the quality will determine the acidity, which should be controlled by carbonate additions. The higher the acidity, the stronger and more durable cotton wool.

Stone wool insulation: what is it made of? Stone wool also contains a binder that holds the fibers together. The most famous substances are synthetic. They include phenol-formaldehyde resins and various impurities that make the material waterproof.

In modern production, stone insulation is made from a special component - "Pele's hair", or glass fiber. The stone wool technology for its manufacture consists of a number of stages, the main of which is the separation of the rock into fibers.

Characteristics and indicators of stone wool

The material has several important properties that are indispensable for repair or construction.

Thermal insulation. Wall insulation with stone wool is a great way to protect yourself from the cold in winter and the heat in summer. The temperature in the room will be constantly regulated. The effectiveness of this property depends on the components in the composition. It turned out that stone wool for wall insulation is the right solution.
Does not ignite. Even at temperatures above 1000˚C, stone wool does not ignite. Therefore, it belongs to safe materials, and, moreover, it protects other combustible parts of the house, preventing the spread of fire. Although the binders evaporate already at 200˚C.
permanent form. Due to this characteristic, cotton can withstand mechanical stress. This allows you to use stone wool for floors that are constantly under load. Efficiency depends on the selected binder.
Soundproofing. Provides simple protection from street or neighborhood noise as the fibers block sound propagation.
Waterproof. Excess moisture in the room comes out without getting into the cotton wool. This property helps to maintain optimal humidity. And no matter how humid the air is, stone wool always remains dry, and mold and other muck do not start on it.
Environmental friendliness. During production and operation, the environment is not affected negatively.

Advantages and disadvantages

Mineral wool for insulation has the following advantages:

non-combustible;
Waterproof;
Stone wool - insulation for walls - has a wide range of operating temperatures;
Eco-friendly;
Safe during installation and operation;
Good heat and sound insulation;
It is easier to insulate with stone wool than with other materials.

Flaws:

Wall insulation with wool is a costly undertaking. Don't expect to buy cheap cotton wool. Low prices for it indicate that it contains a lot of impurities and low-quality material.
Dust. The process of insulating the walls of a house with stone wool is accompanied by an abundant amount of dust, especially if it is handled carelessly. For protection, it is advisable to take a respirator, although a regular mask from a pharmacy will do.

Stone wool: application

Wool insulation is used in the construction of baths, saunas, swimming pools, when laying communications, wells and air ducts. It is even placed in the foundations of houses.

Depending on where the insulation will be used, and what load it will have, it is divided into classes:

Soft. Suitable for laying wells and ventilated walls.
Semi-rigid. Suitable for walls in multi-storey buildings, for thermal insulation of pipes.
Hard. Used in foundations, floors.

Is there any harm to health during installation?

Many inexperienced builders often confuse stone wool and glass wool, although in fact they are two different materials belonging to the same class of mineral wool. Because of this, a common myth has arisen that stone wool, like glass wool, is also harmful to health, damaging the eyes and lungs. But this is only a delusion.

The point here is its special structure. Insulation - stone fiber bound with formaldehyde resins, they do not break down and do not spread harmful substances. Therefore, we confidently declare that this building material is absolutely safe.

How to choose stone wool?

Before purchasing stone wool, you need to find out the amount of material you need and calculate the load that will fall on the insulation.

We have already said that the prices for it are high, but you can still save. The following factors will affect the cost:

cotton wool density;
Manufacturer;
Binder and rock category;
The presence of another layer of coating;
Purchased quantity.

When buying, be sure to look at the instructions, it usually indicates the scope of stone wool and its technical characteristics. The most trusted companies are Ursa (URSA), TechnoNIKOL and Rockwool. The last company is located in Denmark; insulation materials from this country are of the highest quality, since strict certification bodies work there.

When choosing, check with the seller how the fibers are located: horizontally, vertically or in a chaotic manner. The first two types do not allow the material to deform, and the latter provides good heat and sound insulation.

Depending on the density, stone wool is usually divided into categories. Stone wool: wall slabs:

Mark P-75. Suitable for horizontal, unstressed interior surfaces for pipe insulation.
Insulation for walls cotton wool brand P-125. Suitable for both horizontal and vertical surfaces. It is ideal for insulating ceilings, floors and interior walls.
PZh-175. Stone insulation for walls made of metal profiled sheet or reinforced concrete.
Wool insulation PPZh-200. The hardest stone wool. This is used in buildings for engineering purposes, protecting them from fire.

Which mineral wool is better for wall insulation

Warming a house with stone wool begins with the choice of a manufacturer.

Stone wool "ROCKWOOL" - popular both in the domestic market and in the foreign. It has the following distinctive characteristics:

Good level of strength;
Mineral wool for wall insulation serves from 15 years;
The fibers are arranged in a chaotic manner;
Helps save electricity, as the manufacturer claims;
An additional layer that increases resistance to moisture.

Stone wool "TechnoNIKOL".

Produced only on the basis of basalt rocks;
Extra layer for noise reduction;
Light weight for easy work.

Wall insulation stone wool "URSA":

Special packaging will make it easy to transport the material and work with it;
Does not contain formaldehyde resins, therefore it is recommended for schools, hospitals, etc.

Buying a truly high-quality product can sometimes be difficult. Therefore, you need to know some important points.

Pay attention to where and how cotton wool is stored. Most often, it is stored in its original packaging and wrapped in shrink film. Make sure there are no holes or cuts on the packaging. Cotton wool should not be in the open air, but under a canopy.
If stone wool is packed in cardboard boxes (expensive heaters are usually placed in them), then its storage place must be protected from moisture. Even after a little getting wet, it will not be usable.
Purchase goods only from trusted sellers. Give preference to those stores that are closer to you - this will reduce the cost of delivery.

Installation of stone wool

Before you properly insulate the wall with mineral wool, you need to determine where the work will be carried out. After all, the insulation of the walls of the house with cotton wool in each area will look different. On the facades, one technology is used, on the attics - a completely different one.

Balcony and loggia

The effective insulation of a house with stone wool directly depends on the quality of the surface preparation. Therefore, it is logical to talk about it briefly.

Remove all excess debris from the loggia. Make the necessary measurements by calculating the amount of mineral wool. Estimate the load on the floor.
Next comes the glazing of the balcony. Here it is better to give preference to plastic windows. All cracks on the frames and fencing should be sealed with mounting foam. This will greatly protect the balcony from moisture and cold.
Waterproofing is the next step. Protective agents (roll or coating) must first be applied to the floor and ceiling. But wall protection is also desirable.

Only now you can proceed directly to laying. Insulation with mineral wool slabs occurs as follows:

First of all, the crate is made. It is most often made of wood (less often - of metal). The optimal thickness of the beam is 1 cm more than that of a stone wool slab. The dimensions of the cells in the lattice should be about a centimeter smaller than a piece of insulation.
Wool insulation for walls: laying goes from top to bottom: first the ceiling, then the walls and the floor. The ceiling needs a denser mineral wool, the usual one is suitable for walls and floors.
A special glue is applied to the plate, and it is placed in place in the cell. Before doing this, do not forget to clean the surface of dirt and remove irregularities.
You can press the slab firmly and evenly with plywood of a suitable size. Thermal insulation: stone wool is the best material for this.
The last step is vapor barrier using penofol (it is sometimes replaced with ordinary polyethylene).

Stone wool for attic walls

After you have installed the rafters and laid the roof on them, you can start warming the house with cotton wool. But first you need to create a layer of waterproofing. It will not allow water to get on the mineral wool and wooden structures. The best material for this is ordinary polyethylene. Fastening is carried out with a stapler.

If the waterproofing layer goes over the entire surface of the roof (up to the ridge), then it can only be insulated up to the attic ceiling. This is only done to save money. Quality repairs include insulation of the entire roof.

When laying stone wool, the most successful option is when the width of the beams on the roof is equal to the width of the slab. In this case, they simply fit between them, attached to the stapler. Additional reliability will be provided by a lath crate or a rope net laid from below. All gaps formed are sealed with mounting foam, and the crate (if it is made of wood) is treated with an antiseptic. Stone wool wall slabs insulate perfectly.

The last layer is the vapor barrier. As a suitable material, many builders choose glassine - it is cheap and performs its functions perfectly. It is attached to the rafters with a stapler, it is desirable to glue the attachment points with adhesive tape.

Insulation of walls from the outside with stone wool

In the process of insulating a house, the question often arises: is it better to insulate walls from the outside or from the inside? In the direction of each option, there are both disadvantages and positive aspects. The first option is like this:

High protection against cold, noise, sun and wind;
Will not let the walls freeze, because. moisture is released. For the same reason, mold and fungus do not form on the structures;
The area of the room inside will not decrease;
It becomes possible to choose any internal design, as well as, if necessary, change it.

Convinced of the merits of this method, we insulate the stone walls of the house. The traditional way of laying looks uncomplicated: the first insulating layer is medium-density mineral wool (75 kg / m³), it closes the unevenness of the wall; the second layer is high-density wool (from 125 kg/m³), its role is to create a smooth and rigid wall surface, because this will facilitate the next finishing work.

In total, wool for wall insulation from the outside should be a layer of 15 cm or more. The best option is when the thermal insulation is located between the load-bearing wall and the outer cladding.

In practice, it is possible to insulate a house with stone wool from the outside according to the following plan.

The first step is to prepare the surface. Rid the walls of irregularities, and apply a layer of plaster. Sometimes it makes sense to apply a couple of layers.
Next comes the installation of metal guides, they are fixed above the basement of the building using anchor bolts.
How to properly insulate a wall with mineral wool? The first layer of heat-insulating material is installed (immediately followed by the second). Glue is applied to the back of the plate, and it is pressed against the wall. According to the same scheme, all external wall insulation with stone wool takes place.
Metal corners that are attached to external slopes will help protect the material from deformation.
A facing brick is placed on top of the layer, the seams are sealed with plaster.

We considered the first installation method, called a ventilated facade. You can insulate the walls with stone wool in the second way.

The second method is called "wet". The technology is only slightly different from the previous one. Stone wool: wall insulation:

Both of these methods insulate the house equally well.

After you have insulated the walls with stone wool from the outside, you need to take care of some important things.

The thermal insulation layer will increase the thickness of the walls by about 15-20 cm. Therefore, it is advisable to lengthen the slopes, ebbs and window sills so that the weather conditions do not spoil the material.

If you decide to lay not two layers of mineral wool, but more, then this is a bad idea. The more layers, the more air pockets between them. And they lead to a deterioration in thermal insulation properties.

Wall insulation from the inside with stone wool

Warming with stone wool from the inside is much faster and cheaper, and even novice builders can easily cope with this matter. However, work can only be done in a room where there is no high humidity. The advantages of wall insulation from the inside are as follows:

Low cost and labor intensity.
You can put insulation not only on the entire building, but also on individual rooms in which you will live. This is quite economical.
It is permissible to work at any time of the year, regardless of weather conditions.

Insulation of the house with mineral wool can be started by calculating the required amount of mineral wool. There is a special formula for this. Wall area (m²) multiplied by the mineral wool thickness (mm) and divided by the package volume. That is, if the area is 15, the thickness is 100, the volume is 0.432, then you will need about three and a half packages.

Do-it-yourself wall insulation with stone wool is carried out in several stages. The general scheme of an insulated wall may look something like this: first there is a load-bearing wall, followed by a layer of vapor barrier, then thermal insulation, and another vapor barrier layer, at the end there is an interior finish.

Stone wool for interior walls is suitable for medium density (look for indicators in the region of 100 kg / m³). Such mineral wool will increase the thickness of the wall by 8-10 cm. Keep this in mind when carrying out repairs. It is possible to insulate a small room with mineral wool in one day.

One of the methods for fulfilling the above plan occurs according to a relatively simple technology. Stone wool: installation:

A strong support is created from metal suspensions and profiles. Under it, you can put a foam-based tape to improve the thermal insulation in the room. If you plan to create two layers of mineral wool, then you will need another additional frame.
Then comes the vapor barrier. If polyethylene was chosen as the material, then a small air chamber should be left between the wall. It can be attached either with adhesive tape or with glue.
Stone wool insulation is placed inside each section in the frame.
Then again comes the layer of vapor barrier. This time it is better to fasten it directly to the metal profile with self-tapping screws.
Drywall is laid on top and the interior is finished.

Stone wool of internal walls, as well as wool of external ones, perfectly protects against unnecessary noise. This is especially useful in those houses that are located near roads.

Foundation insulation

Usually baths need insulation of the foundation, so we will first talk about them. Why is it necessary to insulate the foundation?

Due to the difference in temperature inside and outside, condensation forms, spoiling the base of the bath. The heater also helps to cope with this problem.
Thermal insulation will reduce the amount of wood needed for kindling.
Stone wool can protect against some mechanical damage.

It is better to insulate with mineral wool on the outside of the plinth, because in this way the foundation will be better protected, and therefore will last longer. The installation technology shown below is suitable for a strip foundation. Warming with mineral wool:

Free the foundation from the earth. To do this, dig a trench with a depth of one and a half meters and a width of 50 cm.
After that, sand is laid, and the foundation is smeared with bitumen.
Then the heater is installed. Its thickness is at least 20 cm. Seal the formed seams with foam. At the corners of the bath, a layer of mineral wool is 1.5 thick. Working with stone wool is easy here.
Stone wool needs additional protection from a brick wall (thickness - from 25 cm), which is placed around the perimeter. At the top there will be a blind area.

A few rules and notes for quality work.

How to choose and apply glue on mineral wool

Without proper selection and use of glue, insulation can sag, ceasing to act effectively. Stone wool is a rather unusual material, and not every adhesive is capable of providing high-quality adhesion to the wall.

The highest adhesion will provide polymer-cement compositions. They are sold as a dry mix similar to cement. There are several well-known brands: "EK THERMEX", "ERESIT CT190", "ERESIT CT180".

Using the package directions, dilute the mixture with water and mix well (repeat the same after 5 minutes). The solution will retain its adhesive properties for 2 hours.

Apply the solution evenly on a flat surface of the wall so that 7-8 glue circles are obtained. On the back side of the cotton wool (closer to the edges) we also apply glue; the surface should be covered with the composition by more than half. It is also better to grease the joints. The glue hardens for some time, so it is possible to properly lay the slab. Attaching stone wool to a wall is easy.

Sometimes, for greater reliability, additional fastening may be required. Anchor bolts or slats fixed to the crate can help here.

Thermal insulation of facades with mineral slabs is one of the most common and effective ways to preserve heat in a home. The cost of such insulation is higher than polystyrene foam, but the material has more advantages and this more than pays for the costs. Details about the properties of mineral insulation can be found in the article "Mineral wool for wall insulation". For proper insulation of building facades with mineral wool, you should first study the procedure for doing the work yourself, as well as all the nuances and subtleties of the technological process.

Insulation of facades with mineral wool

Warming technology is carried out in three ways:

wet way- is a pasting of the wall surface with slabs with further application of plaster. This method is most often used for thermal reconstruction of already built houses. It is suitable for wooden and brick house.
Ventilated facade- a method of arranging a frame, inside of which there are tightly laid slabs. There is a ventilation gap between the lining and the insulation. This method is suitable for any house (wooden, brick or concrete panels).
Well- a method of placing mineral wool inside the wall between panels or blocks of a brick house.

Technology Choice

Wall insulation with mineral wool in a wooden house cannot be done without building a hinged ventilated facade. It protects the elements of the building from the effects of condensate, prevents the development of mold, rotting and dampness. All this can lead to the destruction of a wooden structure, but the resulting ventilation gap prevents the accumulation of moisture and helps to extend the service life. Styrofoam insulation of a wooden house is rarely used, because the material is combustible and does not allow timber walls to breathe, which contributes to dampness and mold.

Wet facade

In this article, we will consider insulation under plaster.

Scheme of facade insulation with mineral wool - wet facade

Surface preparation

Before starting thermal insulation with your own hands, a number of activities should be carried out. It is necessary to wipe the walls of the house from dust, mold, moss, old influxes, and also remove all unnecessary items from them. Repel old plaster that does not hold well. Remove the temporary drain systems until the end of the installation. Remove air conditioners, etc.

Metal fittings and nails protruding from the walls, if not removed, will rust over time as a result of temperature fluctuations, which will lead to the formation of unaesthetic red spots.

It should be noted that if it is planned to insulate the facade with mineral wool with further sheathing with siding, then some errors in the installation of plates can be allowed, but if you were thinking about pasting with a wet method with further plastering with your own hands, then you should first practice a little on the back walls.

Wall marking

It is necessary to drive a piece of reinforcement into a pre-prepared hole in the upper part of the wall, and then in its lower part. Reinforcing pieces should not be strengthened too securely, because then they will have to be removed. Set the distance from the wall surface equal to the width of the insulation plus 1 cm, pull the nylon cord. Subsequent sags should be done at a distance of 80-90 cm from each other.

Horizontal sags must be made at least two pieces, one placed on top, and the second on the bottom of the breakdown map. For a solid picture, you can make two more diagonal sags.

The technology of work is such that measurements made with a tape measure from the beginning to the extreme point of the cord should be entered in a notebook with a sagging map for further comparison. Measurements should be made every half a meter to identify depressions and bulges. If the fluctuations are 0.5-1.0 cm, then we can say that the wall is perfectly flat and it will be easy to work with it. If large indentations are found, they should be primed.

If traces of mold or fungus are found on the walls of the house, then an antifungal agent should be applied to its surface.. For reliability, coat the places adjacent to the base with the Aquastop primer for good waterproofing and adhesion. For the treatment of walls, a deeply penetrating primer is used, it is applied with a brush-brush.

Installation of the starting plinth profile

To install a guide profile that provides support for the first row of mineral wool, you need to prepare:

driving dowel 6 by 4 or 6 by 8;
several strips of mesh about 25 cm wide;
diluted glue;
chopping cord;
water level.

To correctly set the profile, you must determine the zero point using the water level. Next, a line is marked along the length of the wall with a chopping cord. The mesh is launched 10 cm above the line and glued with mineral wool adhesive. Holes are made with a perforator, and the profile is fixed with a dowel.

Gluing insulation

The facade is insulated with mineral wool using a special adhesive for cotton slabs.. In a container of 15-20 liters, it is diluted with water to a puree consistency. It should be allowed to brew for several minutes, then mix thoroughly to improve properties. Glue will be usable for about 2 hours.

Proper application of glue on mineral wool - the entire surface is completely covered

The adhesive solution must be applied to the entire surface of the slab and distributed using a comb spatula.. This will create additional strength for the surface of the plate and prevent its deformation. Attaching the plate in a point way will have disastrous results. If coating the entire surface of the slab with a solution gives it rigidity and the ability to retain its shape for a long time, then a spot coating will not even allow the slab to fully adhere to the wall surface.

The insulation covered with a layer of glue is installed on the plinth and leveled vertically using a level. When installing the next sheet, make sure that the seams at the joints do not exceed 5 mm.

If everything is not controlled and aligned from the very beginning, then it will be much more difficult to do it later. Large cracks are sealed with strips of insulation, irregularities are wiped with a foam grater.

Safety measures when working with mineral wool

When working with basalt slabs, it is necessary to protect the body, and especially the face and hands, with special clothing. Goggles are put on the eyes, the nose and mouth are covered with a respirator. Upon contact with the body and eyes, microdust causes itching and redness of the mucous membranes and skin.

Mechanical fastening of the insulation

Insulation of walls outside with mineral wool is carried out not only with the help of glue. To ensure greater reliability, the plates are strengthened with dish-shaped dowels. This ensures that the plate does not slip and will serve for a long time. It is quite simple to do this, so everyone can easily fix the material with their own hands.

For 1 square meter of mineral wool board, 5-7 dowels should be used. The location of the dowels: at the corners of the plate and in the center. After finishing work, the recesses should be sealed with adhesive.

Reinforcement and finish

When the facade insulation is completed, they proceed to cover the wall with a layer of decorative plaster. This can be done no earlier than two days after the end of the insulation work, in order to allow the rough plaster to dry.

Want to insulate under the siding - no question!

Do-it-yourself insulation of facades with mineral wool: a manual

The procedure for insulating the facade with mineral wool with your own hands. Popular methods of work, surface preparation, wall marking scheme, insulation installation.

Facade insulation with mineral wool: do-it-yourself installation technology

Owners of private houses often use electric heaters to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room. But if the building is not sufficiently insulated, then heat leakage occurs, as a result of which a lot of electricity is consumed. To solve this problem, experts recommend insulating facades with mineral wool. This will keep the room warm, protect the walls from adverse natural factors and help to perform a decorative function.

To make the installation of mineral wool with your own hands, it is recommended to study the technical characteristics of the material and understand the essence of the process technology.

Characteristics of mineral wool for the facade

When insulating the facade of the building, special mineral wool is used, designed for outdoor work. Compared to insulation for interior work, it is more durable, dense and moisture resistant. Facade mineral wool is sold in mats or slabs, the dimensions of which can be 50x100 cm and 60x120 cm. When choosing a material, you should pay attention to its density, which should be at least 80 kg per cubic meter.

Benefits of mineral wool

Today, the construction market offers a lot of materials with which you can insulate various buildings. One of the most popular is mineral wool, which has various positive properties. Advantages of mineral wool:

In addition to all the above advantages of mineral wool, it can also be noted that it is not of interest to small rodents, so it is perfect for warming a private house or cottage.

Technology of facade insulation with mineral wool

External thermal insulation of the house is considered the most successful option, since it does not take up precious floor space. Do-it-yourself facade insulation work begins with the preparation of the necessary materials and tools.

To install mineral wool you will need:

Preparing the facade for insulation

The insulation must be mounted on a cleaned surface, the outer walls of the building should be smooth and even.

It is recommended to remove both protruding and metal elements, which may begin to rust over time. If it is impossible to remove the metal present on the walls, then it is better not to decorate the facade with acrylic decorative plaster. This is due to the fact that this building material prevents the penetration of air, which means that metal parts will rust and spoil the appearance of the structure.

Before starting work on thermal insulation, old coatings, oily liquids, dust and dirt must be removed from the surfaces. Walls must be exceptionally clean.

Profile mounting

After checking the evenness of the surface with the help of the building level, and making sure that there are no bulges and depressions, you can proceed to the installation of the plinth profile. It is necessary in order to:

Protect the insulation from mechanical impact.
Hold the slabs on the facade wall.
Protect the material from getting wet during heavy showers.

To fix the profile, mounting holes should be drilled in the wall of the building under expansion plastic dowels. After that, the profile sections are installed and fastened with screws, which are screwed into the dowels.

Application of the adhesive mixture

Adhesive solutions for installing mineral wool under plaster must have the following properties:

resistance to ultraviolet, cold, heat, precipitation;
the desired degree of vapor permeability;
high degree of adhesion.

Before use, the mixture is diluted with water strictly according to the instructions and stir until smooth.

The prepared mortar is applied with a trowel in a not very thick layer on mineral wool slabs. In this case, there should be several points of the solution in the center, and at the edges of the material, the width of the adhesive layer should be 45-55 mm. That is, a kind of frame should turn out on the stove.

Do-it-yourself installation of mineral wool slabs

The lubricated insulation must be installed on the wall. Installation should start from the corner of the building and fasten the sheets alternately in horizontal rows. To avoid gaps, the flexibility of the plates is used, which must be moved vertically and horizontally. The sheets must be installed in a checkerboard pattern, that is, as with brickwork.

The glued material should be additionally fixed with special dowels. In this case, approximately 5-7 fasteners are used per square meter of mineral wool. Sheets are nailed in the middle and at the corners.

If recesses form during the fastening of the insulation to the facade, then they should be puttied with adhesive.

Application of reinforced plaster

This mixture consists of the following ingredients:

adhesive composition;
plasticizing additives;
water-repellent additives;
quartz sand;
additives that protect the surface from ultraviolet radiation.

The plaster is diluted with the required amount of water according to the instructions, thoroughly stirred and applied to mineral wool in a thin layer.

Preparation for applying decorative plaster

First of all, the surfaces are treated with a primer:

A thin primer layer is applied and pressed onto the boards.
Perforated corners equipped with a reinforcing mesh are installed at the corners of the building.
Additional pieces of mesh are attached to the corners of doors and windows, the size of which should be 20x30 cm.
The dried primer is covered with a plaster mortar. It is recommended to use a notched trowel for this.

In the next step, the solution cover with reinforced mesh. To do this, use the smooth side of the grater to press it into the solution so that it completely covers the grid. When gluing mesh panels, you need to overlap, which should be equal to 10 cm.

To improve the adhesive properties of the plaster, it is recommended to treat it with a special primer mixture with a wide brush.

Walls insulated with mineral wool are protected from precipitation for at least one day. If the weather is humid, then the facade should be insulated for at least a week.

Finishing walls

Decorative plaster will not only decorate the facade of the building, but also protects walls from mold and mildew.

Methods for applying decorative plaster:

facade insulation specialists when using mineral wool for thermal insulation, it is recommended:

Choose the thickness of the insulation in accordance with climatic conditions. If the plates for insulation of the required thickness could not be found, then the sheets can be installed in two layers. At the same time, they should be placed apart, and not flush with each other.
The pieces of mineral wool remaining after installation can be useful for sealing gaps and crevices formed on the uneven walls of the building.
When insulating the facade with mineral wool, acrylic plaster must not be applied to the material. Air and moisture permeable acrylic to reduce the life of the building.
For high-quality installation of the bottom plate, a special metal cornice should be used. It is mounted on the basement of the building and fastened with dowels.
If the insulated reinforced wall turned out to be not very even, then it can be leveled using rough plastering.

The technology of facade insulation with mineral wool is quite simple. Therefore, almost everyone can do such work with their own hands. High quality and precise workmanship thermal insulation with mineral wool will protect the house from possible climatic "surprises" and make it warm and cozy.

Mineral wool for the facade: material characteristics, facade insulation technology for plaster

Characteristics of mineral wool for the facade. The technology of facade insulation with mineral wool for plastering: preparation of the facade, installation of profiles and mineral wool slabs. Final wall decoration. Some helpful tips.

Mineral wool facade insulation technology

To make private houses as comfortable as possible for life, their owners often use electric heaters in winter, which allows them to maintain a comfortable temperature in the premises, provided that the walls are well insulated. If it is not there, heat quickly seeps out, and additional expenses will be required to pay for electricity so that the rooms are filled with heat for a long time. How to avoid such expenses? It is worthwhile to carry out the insulation of the facade with mineral wool technology and the features of its implementation later in this article.

Characteristics of mineral wool

In order to avoid difficulties when installing mineral wool with your own hands, experts recommend that you take a responsible attitude to the study of the technical characteristics of the material. This will not only facilitate the process of work, but will also reduce the time for the insulation of the house.

In order to insulate the facades of residential buildings, a special material is actively used today - mineral wool, which is intended for outdoor work. If we compare its performance parameters with other heaters for interior work, mineral wool demonstrates higher strength, density and moisture resistance. Therefore, insulation work with its use allows you to make your residential building warm, fill it with comfort and an atmosphere of coziness.

The material is produced in the form of mats or slabs of different sizes: 50 by 100 cm or 60 by 120 cm. When choosing a specific brand of mineral wool, it must be taken into account that a reliable material has a density above 80 kg per 1 cubic meter. Then the insulation of facades with mineral wool will be as effective as possible.

Advantages and disadvantages

Today, there are many materials on the domestic construction market that can be used to insulate residential buildings from the outside. But mineral wool stands out against the background of other options, which has many positive properties.

The technology of facade insulation with mineral wool for plastering has a number of advantages, since the material itself demonstrates high performance parameters. It is characterized by such positive qualities as:

low thermal conductivity, due to which the risk of heat leakage from the house is practically minimized. This has a positive effect on the cost of paying for electricity in the direction of their reduction;
excellent soundproof qualities. Mineral wool demonstrates high elasticity, therefore it perfectly reflects sounds from the street;
good fire resistance, due to which the insulation is able to increase the fire safety of the entire structure;
excellent water resistance indicators, due to which, with the help of insulation work, it is possible to provide the facade with additional insulation from dampness;
high environmental friendliness and safety for human and pet health, so mineral wool can be used even for homes where allergy sufferers live;
provides optimal air exchange, due to which a climate favorable for people to live is created inside the house;
mineral wool does not attract small rodents at all, which can significantly extend the life of the facade and make it warmer.

Regarding the shortcomings, we note that mineral wool is quite difficult to use, since shortcomings and errors in technology lead to a low heat-saving ability of the facade.

Mineral wool facade insulation technology

Thermal insulation of a private house from the outside is considered the most successful way to insulate a building, because with this technology, the insulation material “does not eat up” precious centimeters of room area. It is quite possible to do the facade insulation with mineral wool with your own hands, but first you need to acquire up-to-date materials and tools. You cannot do without a basement profile with a length equal to the length of the perimeter of the building, a hydro and building level, a special adhesive composition, dowels with screws, a construction trowel and a knife, soil, an abrasive grater, a notched and even trowel, a square, a hacksaw, soil brushes, the very insulation.

Scheme of wall insulation with mineral wool

Preparatory process

Thermal insulation of facades with mineral wool technology can be implemented without the help of experienced builders. To achieve the maximum level of thermal insulation of the facade, the insulation material must be mounted on a base cleaned of pollution and the previous finish. If there are any protruding parts on the surface, it is better to remove them. It is also recommended to eliminate metal elements that can suffer from corrosion over the years. If it is not possible to remove metal structures, it is better to refuse to use a decorative type acrylic plaster mass. The fact is that the mineral wool becomes an obstacle for the penetration of air masses to metal structures, which eventually causes their corrosion and damage to the facade as a whole.

Residues of paint or other coatings must first be removed

The base should acquire maximum evenness and smoothness, which will guarantee high results of thermal insulation work. Remove all dirt, dust, oily coatings, old finishes. If the base is covered with potholes, they should be puttied. And if there are a lot of protrusions on it, they will need to be carefully cut down with a hatchet.

Wall cleaning before insulation

Wall priming and work surface marking

To increase the adhesion of the materials used with the base, when the facade is insulated with mineral wool, it is worth using the wall priming technology. The base with a roller or a wide brush is covered with a special composition - primer. It increases the adhesion of materials used to finish and insulate the facade of the house. When choosing such a tool, be sure to consider the nature of the building material from which the walls of the building were erected. For aerated concrete walls, one composition is suitable, for brick walls - a completely different option.

Wall primer

A mistake at this stage can reduce your work to zero, without providing the necessary adhesion to the outer walls of the house, which will ultimately affect the durability of the facade, the level of its heat-saving qualities and resistance to negative environmental factors.

Do-it-yourself insulation work with mineral wool should not be carried out without first marking the working surface. For these purposes, you will need a building level, with which the walls are checked for smoothness and the presence of deviations from the vertical. You also need a measuring tape and an ordinary simple pencil, which marks the places where mineral wool slabs are fixed on the walls.

Surface marking

Mounting the plinth profile

When you are convinced that the base has no significant defects and is ready for insulation work, you can proceed to the installation of the basement profile. And how to do all the work without any problems, we will tell further.

This material is relevant due to the fact that it is capable of:

provide mineral wool with reliable protection against mechanical impacts;
securely fix the insulation boards on the outer wall of the house;
protect the mineral wool from excessive moisture in case of heavy rain.

To fix the profile on the surface of the facade, in the wall of the house, you need to arrange mounting holes for expansion dowels made of plastic. Next, the profile sections must be installed and secured with screws screwed into the dowels.

Profile fixing

Bonding and mechanical fastening of mineral wool

To insulate the walls of the house from the outside with basalt wool under the plaster, you need to choose a suitable adhesive composition. The tool must demonstrate the following qualities:

high resistance to ultraviolet rays, low and high air temperatures, precipitation (rain, hail, snow), strong gusts of wind;
increased degree of vapor permeability;
excellent adhesion properties.

Before applying the adhesive to the surface of the base, it must be properly prepared.

To do this, the composition is diluted with water, strictly following the instructions, and then thoroughly stirred until the mixture becomes homogeneous. Next, the solution is carefully applied to the surface of each mineral wool slab by means of a trowel. Do not apply too thick a layer of glue, otherwise the facade will not turn out neat. It is better to do this: apply a few drops to the center of the plate, and leave a 50 mm layer of adhesive at its ends. Then, when pressing on the material, the glue will be evenly distributed over its surface.

The smeared plates are fixed on the wall in horizontal rows, starting from the corner of the house. Since the plates are malleable, they can be moved slightly during operation for a tighter fit. Place the material in a checkerboard pattern so that there are no too long joints and gaps. After gluing, the mineral wool is additionally fixed with special dowels. It is optimal to use 5 fasteners per slab: in the center and along the edges. When recesses are formed in the places where the plates are fixed with dowels, they are puttied.

Fastening mineral wool with dowels

Reinforcement and waterproofing

To give the facade additional strength and durability, it is worth reinforcing it. First, the surfaces are plastered, and then a plastic or metal mesh is pressed into the still wet mixture using the smooth side of the grater. Pieces of mesh must be overlapped on the base. Special attention is paid to the corners of the house, on which perforated corners are installed, complemented by a reinforcing mesh. Also, pieces of mesh are additionally attached to the slopes of windows and doors. After reinforcement, the surface must be treated with an antifungal compound to ensure its waterproof qualities.

All stages of finishing must be carried out at a certain air humidity (no more than 85%), otherwise the material may be deformed during installation on the wall. Also, do not carry out installation work if the air temperature is more than 30 °. If you do not follow the technology, when heated on summer days, mineral wool will expand, and shrink in winter. All this, which will lead to pulling apart the insulation and the appearance of cracks on the facade.

The reinforcing mesh must be attached The reinforcing mesh is attached by pressing into the plaster solution

Finish coat

With the help of decorative plaster, you can give the facade of the house a special luxury, attractiveness. Apply it to the base in three ways.

Work Safety Measures

you should take the material in your hands, after putting on protective gloves, since mineral wool can leave a wound on the skin;
it is necessary to fix the plates on the surface while working exclusively in goggles so that small particles of insulation do not get into the eyes of a person;
when cutting the material, as well as subsequent work with it, it is better to work in a protective mask, which will prevent small particles of the plates from penetrating through the mouth or nasal openings into the lungs of a person.

Such measures avoid further health problems for the master.

Protective equipment for working with mineral wool

Watch the video, which describes in detail the process of insulating the facade of the building with mineral wool.

Thermal insulation of the facade with mineral wool, technology of work

In order for the facade to be qualitatively insulated with mineral wool, the technology must be fully observed. Recommendations for advice, features of the material and rules for working with it.

Facade insulation with mineral wool: installation technology

Specifications of mineral wool

Thermal properties: Mineral wool is characterized by low thermal conductivity. With an insulation thickness of 10 cm, it ranges from 0.038 to 0.045 W / K * m
fire resistance: mineral wool refers to non-combustible materials. This is a very important property, thanks to which mineral wool can be used to insulate buildings for any purpose. All designers know how zealously "firefighters" treat kindergartens, hospitals, schools - that is, all public buildings where there is a large crowd of people. Probably, mineral wool is the only heat-insulating material that experts have no complaints about. And try to lay foam insulation in the project! Mineral wool is not afraid of temperatures of +1000 degrees
Soundproof properties: Mineral wool excellently dampens sound waves. The maximum noise reduction value is 1 (one). For mineral wool, this parameter is close to ideal: its noise absorption coefficient is 0.95
Vapor permeability: The mineral wool structure allows vapors to leave the building almost unhindered. The vapor permeability coefficient of the insulation is 0.49 - 0.6 Mg / m * h * Pa. In a house insulated with mineral wool, there is no need to organize forced ventilation (of course, if other building materials allow the wall to “breathe”)

Characteristics of mineral wool as a heater

Thermal insulation materials with the mysterious names "Isover", "Ursa", "Knauf", etc. are presented on the construction market. You will not immediately understand that mineral wool is hidden behind them. Let's compare the technical characteristics of the mineral wool Izover, Ursa, Knauf:

As you can see, the technical characteristics of mineral wool from different manufacturers are approximately the same. But this does not mean that you need to choose the cheapest insulation. It can be manufactured by an unknown, not particularly scrupulous company. Therefore, try to purchase products from reputable companies. By the way, our table shows samples of just such companies that produce high-quality insulation.

Mineral wool is often used to insulate not only facades, but also for insulating a mansard roof. When installing the material, it is important to follow all the rules so that there are no problems in the future.

Mineral wool can also be used to insulate the balcony. Although more often foam flex or similar materials are used for this purpose. Read more about how to properly insulate a balcony in this article. It describes the process of warming the internal walls of the balcony and external.

Technology of facade insulation with mineral wool

The process of facade insulation with mineral wool begins with preparatory work. Before starting the installation of insulation, do the following:

Free the walls from foreign objects, prepare the external electrical wiring for closing (or temporarily remove it)
Dismantle the elements of the drain
Remove damaged plaster, layers of old paint, rusty nails, if any
Clean the walls of mold, moss and other contaminants
Treat the wall with a deep penetration primer. This procedure is ignored not only by home masters, but also by some professionals. In the meantime, it needs to be done. It is better to process the areas where the wall adjoins the basement with an aquastop

Having prepared the facades in this way, you can begin to perform the main work.

Divide the surface of the wall conditionally into zones and install sags in them. To do this, drill in the upper and lower parts of each zone, insert pieces of reinforcement into the holes. Pull a nylon cord between them. Just do not forget to remove these pins later: ferrous metal has a bad effect on the insulation. Check the correct installation of sags with a building level. With the help of a cord, it will be easy for you to identify all the irregularities of the wall and evenly set the insulation plates.

Plinth profile installation

This element is mounted around the perimeter of the house at the level of the lower edge of the first row of insulation. The plinth will support the first row of mineral wool. The profile is fastened with driven dowels.

Installation of mineral wool boards

The insulation is attached to the wall with glue. And not just any, but a special one designed for this purpose. Usually glue is sold in dry form. It must first be filled with water (the proportions are indicated on the package). The cool composition has a certain working life (about 2 hours), so you should not immediately dilute a large amount of material

Installation of mineral wool boards starts from the bottom row. Each subsequent row is laid out with an offset (like brickwork). Try to stack the boards as tightly as possible. The gap between them is not allowed. If such an incident happened, do not leave the gaps open: just cut strips of mineral wool and fill the gaps with them.

Mechanical fastening of the insulation: after you have glued the insulation, make a “control shot” - fix it additionally with special (dish-shaped) dowels (fungi for attaching the insulation).

Reinforcing mesh installation

The reinforcing layer is mounted on top of the insulation. The mesh is attached to the top of the wall (you can use studs or just glue the material). Grid strips are laid with an overlap of at least. 100 mm. If you laid the insulation unevenly, try correcting the position with rough plaster (3 to 5 mm layer). The maximum allowable thickness is 10 mm.

standing

Before applying the decorative coating, the wall with insulation and a reinforcing layer should stand for two to three days. After this period, work on the final finishing of the facade can begin.

Video about the technology of facade insulation with mineral wool

If you are going to carry out the insulation of the walls with your own hands, then be sure to watch the video instructions. The video shows a detailed process of facade insulation with mineral wool.