What female hormones to take tests. How to check your hormonal background. There are other indications

Good mood, beauty and health, the ability to conceive and bear a child directly depend on the hormonal background of a woman.

Hormonal imbalance can occur for a variety of reasons. Due to stress, immune disorders, chronic diseases and viral infections, long-term use of hormone preparations and even lack of sleep.

In what cases is it necessary to donate blood for laboratory tests? First of all, with an irregular menstrual cycle, heavy menstruation or pain during the cycle; as well as problems with conception. Deterioration of the skin condition - acne, blackheads, decreased libido - no less significant reasons to contact CITILAB for testing.

Types of hormones in women

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone). Produced in the pituitary gland, promotes the formation and maturation of eggs, affects the formation of the follicle. Reaching the maximum level of FSH leads to ovulation. The FSH level test is one of the main ones for detecting pathologies. reproductive system among women.

LH (luteinizing hormone). It is produced in the pituitary gland, stimulates the production of progesterone, ensures ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum. A high level of LH indicates premature menopause, ovarian hypofunction.

Progesterone. A unique female hormone. Synthesis of progesterone is carried out in the ovaries, the adrenal cortex; corpus luteum, placenta during pregnancy. Its main task is to regulate menstrual cycle. It prepares the endometrium for the attachment of the egg, maintaining the pregnancy.

Estradiol. One of the main female hormones is the beauty hormone. Under his influence, secondary sexual characteristics are formed, rounded shapes of the figure, soft, velvety timbre of voice, delicate skin are also his merit. Participates in the regulation of the menstrual cycle, controls metabolic processes in bone tissue, supports good mood and libido.

Testosterone. Testosterone plays an important role in a woman's reproductive health and is involved in the formation of the ovarian follicle. An increase in testosterone levels can lead to menstrual irregularities, facial hair, acne, and seborrheic dermatitis.

Inhibin V. Marker of Sertoli cell function and exocrine testicular function in men (states of spermatogenesis). In women, inhibin B is the main indicator of the EFORT test (Exogenous FSH Ovarian Reserve Test) - a test for the functional reserve of the ovaries.

Determines the production of viable eggs. It is a marker of ovarian tumors during menopause and postmenopause.

Anti-Müllerian hormone. Marker of ovarian reserve, ovarian aging, dysfunction and ovarian response. The level of this hormone correlates with the number of antral follicles, the number of which determines the chances of successful conception. Most often, the hormone is elevated in polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility, and ovarian tumors.

Prolactin. Hormone produced by lactotrophs - cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Prolactin plays an extremely important role in many processes occurring in the body. And, in particular, in ensuring the normal functioning of the reproductive system. An increase in prolactin levels is one of the common causes of infertility and the most common in hormonal forms of infertility in women.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone. It has a stimulating effect on all stages of the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, which affect the increase in the utilization of carbohydrates, the increase in the absorption of glucose by the muscles, the stimulation of protein synthesis, the increase in the breakdown of fats and the oxidation of fatty acids. Helps to maintain normal weight and maintain harmony. Dysfunction of the thyroid gland leads to the development of symptoms that cause metabolic disorders, as well as reproductive function.

Hormones are a very important component for the normal functioning of the body. They are responsible for various human emotions, directly affect the condition of the skin, weight, height, energy balance. It is with the help of them that a person is born children. Hormones are active substances reproduced by the internal gland of secretion and non-glandular tissues. They support the state of the body and regulate the work of many systems. Many of them act on all systems of the body, while others - only on some organs. What is the hormonal background, about the symptoms and diagnosis of a lack of hormones, read on.

Peculiarities

In humans, there are endocrine glands (they belong to internal secretion and do not have an excretory duct), as well as exocrine glands (possessing an excretory duct). Most of the glands are endocrine, so they have no outlets. They produce hormones that enter the blood ducts. These substances spread throughout the human body along with the bloodstream, reaching the organs and systems for which they are intended.

At the end of its mission, the hormone can finish its functions inside the cell, go to the liver, exit the human body, or be used again, but for the reproduction of new hormones. Many of them, which have managed to work out their functions in the body, are simply split.

Major producing organs

The main organs of the endocrine system include the following:

1. Pituitary gland, pineal gland and hypothalamus. Under the action of the components formed in the hypothalamus, the reproduction of hormones that are important for the work of other endocrine glands occurs.
2. Thyroid, pancreas, thymus, and adrenal glands. Thymus hormones directly affect the development and formation of lymphocytes. The thyroid gland is responsible for the synthesis of hormones that directly affect the rate of metabolic processes in the body. The pancreas helps to synthesize insulin, and the adrenal glands activate a large number of reactions in the human body.
3. Placenta, ovaries and testicles. The ovaries in a woman and the testicles in a man are responsible for the production of sex hormones, which directly affect a person's sexual life and the health of the reproductive system.

Reasons for change

The main reasons that lead to a failure in the production of hormones in the body include:

1. Severe stress, nervous strain, emotional outbursts. Cortisol is a stress hormone that leads to hormonal problems.
2. Strict diets and food restrictions. To improve the hormonal background in this case, you need to normalize the diet, add more fatty foods to the menu. Estrogens are usually produced in adipose tissue.
3. Work at night. Insufficient sleep and regular flights to different time zones can lead to problems with the hormonal system.
4. Uncontrolled intake of hormonal drugs also negatively affects the state of health (contraceptives for a woman should be selected exclusively by a doctor).
5. Reception of an excessive amount of phytohormones. Some foods contain components that cause problems in the balance of hormones. For example, beer can lead to the growth of the abdomen and chest in men, as well as masculinization in women (strong hair growth, reduced hips, broad shoulders).

Additional reasons

Additional reasons for hormonal changes include:

The main symptoms of problems in the body

Any changes in the hormonal system can provoke a large number of ailments in a person. This can be both rapid weight loss and a set of extra pounds, as the temporary disappearance of hair from some areas of the body, or their active growth.

In the most dangerous situations a person develops infertility. Many diseases in a woman will directly depend on the amount of certain hormones in the body. It is important to determine which hormone tests to take and why.

The most common symptoms that affect most patients include:

• a sharp increase or decrease in body weight, which is not associated with a change in nutrition;
• problems with conceiving a child;
• a lot of body hair;
• multiple rashes on the face;
• a sharp change in mood, a feeling of depression and fatigue;
• problems with the onset of menstruation;
• severe discomfort and unpleasant symptoms during critical days.

Other symptoms

More dangerous signs of hormone problems include:

• sleep problems, insomnia;
• fatigue, general malaise;
• diabetes;
• sudden unexplained hair loss;
• a decrease or, conversely, an increase in the timbre of the voice;
• rapid hand development.

Rashes on the face in the form of acne are the most common symptom of hormonal problems in humans. Most often, in girls or women, during such rashes, the amount of androgens in the body increases significantly. In some cases, in men, it happens that the amount of their hormones is normal, but due to too high sensitivity, the hormones manifest themselves in such a way that it seems that their amount exceeds the permissible level.

Girls have problems with the production of hormones in adolescence can provoke underdevelopment of the uterus and mammary glands, as well as the absence of normal menstruation. Experts have not yet been able to fully study the mode of operation of the hormonal system, but the main causes of this condition have long been known.

Checking the level and quantity

How to check the hormonal background of a woman? If there are symptoms that indicate problems with the hormonal background, the doctor prescribes a blood test from a vein, which helps to determine the amount of thyroid and pancreatic hormones, sex hormones and the pituitary gland. How can I check the hormonal background of a woman? The blood is donated to a diagnostic laboratory. It is important to remember that each laboratory has its own methods for deciphering indicators.

How to check the hormonal background of a woman and which doctor does this? Different experts estimate the amount of hormones in a woman's body, based on certain standards for deciphering the results. It can be an endocrinologist, gynecologist or therapist.

childbearing

How to check the level of hormones in women? Not always the patient is prescribed tests to detect the amount of hormones. But if there are still unpleasant symptoms, then determining the amount of hormones is very important.

If a pregnant woman has problems with the hormonal background, then it is important for her to donate blood for analysis, since in this case there is a high risk of a miscarriage or a miscarriage.

How to check the hormonal background of a woman? What analysis to hand over? Most often, a blood test is taken for research, sometimes additionally urine.

So, we hand over hormonal analyses. Rules and conclusions about this survey will be presented below. Before taking the tests, it is best to follow the following recommendations:

• the day before delivery, it is important to eliminate fatty and fried foods, as well as alcoholic beverages from the menu;
• it is better to take the analysis in the morning, on an empty stomach;
• try to avoid stress;
• do not play sports for a long time;
• stop taking medications, if possible (tell the doctor in advance);
• after x-rays and physiotherapy, it is forbidden to take tests;
• ask your doctor about what day of the cycle you need to take a specific analysis.

List of surveys

What hormones to take to determine the hormonal background? Most often, the study is prescribed if there are problems in the functioning of the thyroid gland, as well as in diseases of the female and male reproductive system.

What tests are done for hormones? The list is below:

1. It is responsible for the process of ovulation in a woman and the production of estrogen. Women are tested on a certain day of menstruation early in the morning and on an empty stomach.
2. Luteinizing hormone also affects the process of ovulation and the reproduction of the egg, the corpus luteum in a woman. For rent on the 3rd-8th day of the menstrual cycle, on an empty stomach.
3. Prolactin is a hormone that is very important for ovulation and normal lactation in a woman after giving birth. You should take an analysis for prolactin in the first or second phase of the cycle. Before the analysis, any sexual contact is prohibited.
4. Estradiol. Helps a woman's uterus to properly prepare for the process of bearing a child. The hormone affects the menstrual cycle and the developing egg. The analysis is given any day, on an empty stomach.
5. Progesterone. This hormone helps prepare the uterus for pregnancy. Rent for 19-21 days of the cycle.
6. Testosterone is a male sex hormone that is also important for women. A high amount of the hormone in the body of a lady can provoke a miscarriage when conceiving a child.
7. Thyroid hormones: total thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone and free triiodothyronine. Hormones help improve metabolic processes, affect oxygen consumption by tissues. Before taking the test, it is forbidden to eat or even drink. Before taking the analysis, it is important to have a good rest and recuperate.

State normalization

How to normalize the hormonal background of a woman? We will talk about the methods below. If the tests showed some failures, then the doctor prescribes treatment with synthetic hormones. The hormonal background of a woman begins to improve after taking the right COC and contraceptives. Only this will help to effectively restore the reproductive system of a woman.

Problems with hormones can be the cause or the result of the disease. If a woman feels that not everything is fine with her body, then she must without fail seek help from a doctor (gynecologist or endocrinologist). It is he who will help to choose a diagnostic method and make effective treatment.

The use of folk remedies

The main folk treatment phytohormones are considered. To do this, use special herbs that help restore the hormonal background of a woman.

The following recipes are considered the most effective:

1. Wormwood is brewed in boiling water and infused for 15 minutes, then filtered. The remedy is taken from 1 to 5 days of menstruation.
2. Sage is first brewed, then filtered. Drink tincture of herbs three times a day for half a glass. You need to start taking from the 6th to the 15th day of the cycle.
3. Take a cuff, meadow lumbago or goose cinquefoil and pour boiling water. Infuse grass. Start taking from the 16th to the 25th day of the cycle.

Before trying to improve the state of the hormonal background, a woman must necessarily determine which hormone she has problems with. The reason may be much more serious than it seems at first glance. In some cases, the restoration of hormonal balance does not give any positive effect, and the condition continues to worsen. To improve the reproductive system, you should also look at the diet. Food, when taken correctly, will help restore the level of hormones in the body, improve the metabolism and overall well-being of a woman. After completing the course of treatment, it is important to re-take tests for verification.

Hormones are biologically active substances produced by the glands of the endocrine system and entering the systemic circulation. They affect the work of the whole organism. The physical and mental health of a woman directly depends on the balance of such substances. Tests for hormones clarify the clinical picture of the disease or allow timely prevention of its development.

When and why are they appointed?

The hormonal background and the functioning of the whole organism have a direct relationship. Hormonal imbalance can provoke serious pathological conditions. Most often, gynecologists and endocrinologists give women a referral for hormone testing. Such an examination is appropriate for the following pathologies and conditions:

1. Tests for hormones when planning pregnancy. They will show general state the female body, as well as the ability to conceive and normal bearing of the unborn child. Tests when planning pregnancy necessarily include a check for: progesterone, FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin, thyroid hormones, DHAES and AMH.
2. With a climax. After 45 years, if there are complaints, the gynecologist can send a woman to be tested for hormones. To understand whether the onset of menopause is taking place, it is enough to determine: FSH, LH and estradiol. With age, women experience a change in the concentration of these biologically active substances. Tests for female hormones in menopause allow you to select adequate replacement therapy and assess the overall need for taking hormonal drugs.
3. With dysfunction of the reproductive system. In the presence of pathologies of a similar plan, the patient is prescribed a whole group of tests that determine the female hormonal profile: FSH, LH, prolactin, estradiol, TSH, DHAES, cortisol, progesterone. The listed biologically active substances optimally show the state of reproductive mechanisms, therefore they are considered the most important in the diagnosis of female infertility.
4. With depression and sudden mood swings. The amount of sex hormones, thyroid hormones and endorphins directly affects emotional condition person. With this in mind, if the patient has a depressive mood, a competent specialist will without fail prescribe her an analysis for TSH, free T3 and cortisol.
5. With hair loss. If a woman's body has an excess of "male" hormones of the androgen group, then the structure of her hair may well deteriorate. And also they will become brittle and will fall out intensely. In addition, a woman may begin to notice a decrease in sexual desire, hirsutism (excessive growth of hair on the face and body in a male pattern), changes in voice. In this case, the woman needs an assessment of androgenic function.
6. For growth disorders. Violation of the somatotropic function of the pituitary gland can cause a lag in physical development, growth retardation, muscle weakness or osteoporosis. If a girl or girl is noticeably stunted, then a laboratory assessment of somatotropin (GH) will be recommended to her.
7. With acne. Problems with the skin are typical for adolescents in puberty and women in PMS (this is a variant of the norm). But if acne appears permanently, does not go away by the age of 25–30, and their appearance is not associated with the menstrual cycle, then the patient needs to be examined. In such cases, an analysis for TSH and a reproductive panel is appropriate.
8. With diabetes. This disease is directly related to hormonal disorders. First of all, diabetes develops against the background of a deficiency of insulin, which is produced by the pancreas. Patients with suspected diabetes mellitus are sent for laboratory evaluation of thyroid function, as well as a test for glycated hemoglobin.
9. With violations in the digestive tract. The activity of the digestive tract is also regulated by a variety of hormones. In case of violations in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, the gastroenterologist can send the patient to study the main hormone in this area - gastrin. Its main function is to stimulate the release of hydrochloric acid by the parietal cells of the fundus of the stomach.
10. With obesity or lack of appetite. Rapid weight gain or weight loss can also be triggered by hormonal imbalances. Leptin regulates body weight and energy metabolism. It is always included in the complex of studies on the problems of weight gain or loss. In some cases, it may be necessary to study cortisol and adrenaline.

People who are not indifferent to their health are aware of how strongly the hormonal background affects the overall well-being and mood. However, trying to regulate your hormonal state on your own is quite dangerous. The best solution there will be a referral to a specialist. He will be able to objectively assess the condition, appoint necessary tests and, according to their results, will select an adequate treatment.

A large list of hormonal studies is immediately prescribed in rare cases. As a rule, 1-3 indicators are sufficient that are responsible for the functioning of a particular organ. If desired, the patient can take tests without the recommendation of a specialist.

What tests need to be done

The main groups of hormones relate to the thyroid gland and the genital area. Their second name is thyroid and reproductive panel. In the body, all biologically active substances are interconnected, so the imbalance of some provokes problems with others. For women's health, the reproductive panel is of primary importance.

A woman can go to the doctor with various complaints. After a preliminary diagnosis and taking into account the etiology, he will send her for research on specific hormones. According to the results of the tests, he will be able to confirm or refute the preliminary diagnosis.

Blood tests for sex hormones

The study of the reproductive panel may include the following types of tests:

1. Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a gonadotropic hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland. In women, it is responsible for the synthesis of estrogen, the secretion of progesterone and the formation of the corpus luteum. The main indications for the appointment of blood for LH: menstrual disorders, endometriosis, infertility, miscarriage, dysfunctional uterine bleeding and other pathologies.
2. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein gonadotropic hormone produced by the pituitary gland. In women, FSH is responsible for the growth of follicles and their readiness for the process of ovulation. FSH is released into the blood in pulses with an interval of 1-4 hours. The indicators of this hormone are a component of the diagnosis of ovarian dysfunction, as a cause of infertility, problems with pregnancy, or menstrual irregularities.
3. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a dimeric glycoprotein belonging to the family of beta-transforming growth factors. The analysis helps to determine the ovarian reserve in women - an important indicator for eliminating infertility problems (it allows you to predict the response of the ovaries to ovulation stimulation). And also such a study helps in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and granulosa cell tumors of the ovaries (AMH increases significantly).
4. Progesterone is a steroid hormone of the corpus luteum of the ovaries, which is important at all stages of bearing a child. It prepares the uterine endometrium for the implantation of a fertilized egg, and is further responsible for maintaining the pregnancy. It is prescribed to identify the causes of amenorrhea, lack of fertilization, acyclic uterine bleeding.
5. Prolactin is a hormone from the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of breast tissue and the secretion of milk. During the day, prolactin is produced impulsively. During childbearing, prolactin maintains the existence of the corpus luteum and the production of progesterone. Prolactin is a component of the diagnosis of ovulatory dysfunction, developing and non-developing pregnancy, threatening spontaneous abortion.
6. Testosterone is a steroidal androgenic hormone that is controlled by LH. First of all, total testosterone is determined. And if deviations from the norm are detected, the patient is sent for analysis for SHBG. Indications for such an analysis can be: menstrual irregularities, acyclic bleeding from the uterus, problems with pregnancy, ovarian tumors, endometriosis.
7. Estradiol is a steroid hormone of the estrogen group, which is produced in the ovaries, adrenal cortex, placenta, and peripheral tissues. Serum concentration of estradiol during the day is inextricably linked with the rhythm of LH secretion. In women, a normal level of estradiol ensures proper ovulation, successful fertilization of the egg, and a successful pregnancy.

Hormonal studies are necessary not only for making an accurate diagnosis. In the future, they help to control the therapeutic process and, if necessary, adjust the initially prescribed dosages of drugs. With certain pathologies, hormone indicators are examined periodically over several years.

When planning a pregnancy, the indicators of hormones that affect the process of fertilization and subsequent gestation are determined. During the first trimester, it is important to examine thyroid hormones, indicators of chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone.

Blood tests for thyroid hormones

Women are more sensitive to changes in thyroid hormones. Among the hormonal panels, a thyroid panel is separately distinguished, including analyzes of the following main hormones:

1. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is a glycoprotein synthesized by the anterior pituitary gland. TSH is characterized by diurnal fluctuations in concentration. An excess of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the first trimester of pregnancy may be detected in women with latent hypothyroidism. It is important to stabilize this indicator in the mother so that the child does not have anomalies in the development of the psyche.
2. Free T3 (triiodothyronine) - is produced by thyroid cells under the influence of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). This hormone is characterized by seasonal fluctuations. Regulates the rate of basal metabolism, tissue growth, metabolism of fats, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals. Affects the activity of the cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, reproductive and nervous systems.
3. T4 (thyroxine) is another hormone produced by thyroid follicular cells. It is the predecessor of T3. Regulates energy and plastic metabolism in the body. Total thyroxine is the sum of two fractions: bound and not bound to plasma proteins. Free thyroxine is the biologically active part of total thyroxine, necessary for proper metabolism.

In addition, during a comprehensive examination, a antibodies to thyroglobulin (AT-TG) and antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (AT-TPO).

When to get tested for female hormones

In order for hormonal studies to be as accurate as possible, a woman must clearly understand which days she should go for the study. At the beginning of the cycle, the following hormones are surrendered:

• FSH - 2-3 day of the cycle;
• estradiol - 6-7 day of the cycle;
• testosterone - 6-7 day of the cycle;
• prolactin - 7-9 day of the cycle;
• LH - 9-12 day of the cycle.

Taking into account the history and characteristics of the female body, the doctor can adjust the days on which she should go to the laboratory for blood donation. In the second phase of the cycle (on days 20-23), progesterone is taken. Anti-Müllerian hormone surrenders Vany day of the cycle, since its value does not change in any phase.

Preparation for delivery

In hormonal studies, there are general recommendations for preparation:

1. Blood sampling for research is recommended to be done in the morning (from 8 to 11 am) on an empty stomach after an 8-14 hour overnight fasting period. Drinking a small amount of water in the morning is allowed.
2. If a woman systematically takes some drugs, then she must inform the specialist who sends her for testing. He will tell you how expedient it is to do an analysis against the background of ongoing therapy, or, perhaps, some medications will be temporarily canceled.
3. 2-3 days before the planned laboratory tests, a woman should refrain from excessive physical exertion. And also she should try not to be nervous and stabilize her psycho-emotional state.
4. When examining the reproductive panel, it is recommended to refrain from sexual intercourse 2 days before blood sampling for analysis, especially if it is planned to determine prolactin.
5. 24 hours before going to the laboratory, you should refrain from drinking alcohol, and 1-2 hours before blood sampling, you should stop smoking.
6. If several medical procedures are planned on the same day, then blood sampling for analysis for female hormones is performed first.

Most hormonal studies should in principle be done in the morning. This is especially true for prolactin and cortisol. If a woman follows all the above recommendations, the accuracy and reliability of the result are guaranteed.

How to get tested correctly

When taking a blood test for sex hormones, a woman must indicate the day of the menstrual cycle, the duration of pregnancy, or the time of menopause. In addition, she must report admission medicines especially when it comes to hormone replacement or antibiotic therapy.

If the patient needs to repeat the study of the hormonal background, then it is best for her to take the test in the same laboratory. This is due to the fact that different diagnostic institutions use different methods and norms of indicators, so it will be more difficult to track the exact dynamics.

Especially capricious. When studying it, it is especially important to adhere to the recommendations for preparation. Thermal exposure (hot bath, sauna), sexual contacts are excluded about a day before the scheduled analysis. Cigarettes must be stopped at least 60 minutes before blood sampling.

The concentration of prolactin in female body may change significantly in response to stress. Therefore, before the study, you should not be nervous. In addition, physical exertion (climbing stairs, running) is prohibited. Before taking blood for 15 minutes, the patient should rest and calm down.

In order for the decoding of blood tests to show correct results, the patient is also required to strictly follow the rules of preparation for other hormones. A woman can get the results of the research at one of the medical offices of the laboratory where she donated the biomaterial. Or, in agreement with her, the results can be sent by e-mail.

Deciphering the results

Objectively deciphering test results can be problematic. This is due to the fact that the indicator of hormones is not stable. It changes markedly depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle, the psycho-emotional state in which the woman is, or even on the time of day.

For example, FSH is not produced constantly, but in separate bursts (every 3-4 hours). If you take a blood sample during the period of its release, then this will greatly affect the results of the study. The FSH indicator in this case will be 2 times higher. The same situation is observed with other elements of the reproductive panel.

A woman should go to the test in the most favorable period. If she complied with all the rules of preparation, then, in the absence of deviations, normal indicators should fit into the following range:

• FSH - 1-11.8 mIU / ml;
• LH - 1-8.8 mIU / ml;
• prolactin - 67-726 mIU / l;
• testosterone - 0.45-3.75 nmol / l;
• DHEA-s - 35-430 µg/l;
• estradiol - 43.8-211 pg / ml;
• progesterone - 5.3-86 nmol / l.

These indicators will differ in menopausal women and during childbearing. The patient may be tempted to draw some conclusions about her state of health on her own based on the data provided by the laboratory. But nevertheless, the attending physician should deal with the interpretation of the results of the study.

How much do laboratory tests cost?

If the patient has a referral from the attending physician, she may be in line for a free hormonal study at a state clinic. But many women prefer private laboratories, where you can quickly and accurately obtain test results, but for a fee.

In most cities there are several competing laboratories at once. Before giving preference to one of them, you need to check its reputation and read the reviews of those who have already taken tests there.

Average prices for female hormones:

• prolactin - 545 rubles;
• FSH - 545 rubles;
• LG - 545 rubles;
• progesterone - 550 rubles;
• estradiol - 550 rubles;
• testosterone - 545 rubles;
• AMG - 1330 rubles;
• TSH - 510 rubles;
• free T3 - 530 rubles;
• free T4 - 530 rubles.

In addition, a fee will be charged separately from the patient for taking blood from a vein (199 rubles). The duration of the study is on average 1-3 days. The price of analysis, the cost of biomaterial sampling, research methods, reagents used and deadlines in regional medical offices, even of the same laboratory, may differ.

Hormone tests are very informative methods. clinical trial. They are usually included in a comprehensive examination by specialists in various fields (gynecologists, endocrinologists, gastroenterologists). To make an accurate diagnosis and select high-quality treatment, a woman must take a responsible approach to donating blood for analysis.

Gynecological tests for hormones are prescribed for violations of the reproductive system, weight gain, deterioration of the skin and hair, problems with the mammary glands, pregnancy.

Tests for hormones in gynecology help diagnose pathologies, determine the state of the physiological systems of the body and individual bodies. All laboratory tests are prescribed by a doctor according to the clinical situation and must comply with the plan of medical examinations.

Reasons for taking gynecological tests for hormones

The analysis must be taken at a certain phase or day of the cycle and prepared in a special way for it in order to obtain the most reliable results.

Control of hormonal balance in gynecology must be done not only in preventive purposes. It helps to monitor the development of the genital organs, age-related changes in the ovaries. Monitor the condition of a woman during pregnancy and after childbirth.

Violation of the concentration of hormones has causes and symptoms of deviation. Crashes in endocrine system need to be detected and treated in a timely manner, they cause serious illness, the list of which is impressive.

What hormones are being tested

The work of the endocrine glands is influenced by numerous external factors - nutrition, physical activity, overwork, daily routine, stress, alcohol, smoking.

It is impossible not to take into account abortions, sexually transmitted diseases, low immunity, frequent sore throats, acute viral respiratory infections, pathologies of the endocrine system.

Taking into account the patient's lifestyle, internal factors, the gynecologist may prescribe hormone tests , to determine the state of the organs of the reproductive system and adjust their functionality.

Most reproductive health problems in women are related to with hormonal imbalance, in this case, the analysis of hormones in gynecology will give an exhaustive answer. The main group of active substances that are being studied are thyroid-stimulating and other pituitary hormones, sex hormones:

• luteinizing hormone (LH);
• follicle stimulating hormone (FSH);
• progesterone;
• testosterone;
• chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Features of analysis and preparation for a laboratory study

The doctor directs to determine the concentration of a particular sex hormone, taking into account the day of the cycle, the date of ovulation .

Before being sent for analysis, the gynecologist conducts a thorough examination of the patient, talks with her, and then decides on the need to determine the concentration of one or another active substance:

They are tested for hormones in a specialized laboratory. Preparation for gynecological tests for hormones provides for the implementation of the rules:

• Venous blood sampling for gynecological tests for hormones is done on an empty stomach.
• It is necessary to donate blood for analysis in the morning. The level of active substances fluctuates during the day, the "morning" value of active substances is considered the most accurate.
• Be sure to take into account the doctor's recommendation on which day of the cycle to take the test.
• Before the study, exclude active loads.
• The day before blood sampling, it is unacceptable to smoke and drink alcohol.
• Ask your doctor how many days you need to refrain from intimacy.
• A week before the test, stop using hormonal drugs.

Deviation from the norm

Deciphering gynecological tests for hormones should be done by a doctor who sent for laboratory testing. Deviation in the concentration of a substance indicates certain pathologies:

1. LH ensures the normal functioning of the female reproductive system. Its high content is associated with hypofunction or polycystic ovaries, early menopause. Injuries, tumors, unbalanced nutrition, physical overload cause a decrease in the amount of the substance.
2. FSH is responsible for estrogen secretion and ovarian health. Delayed puberty, inflammatory processes in the genitals, frigidity, infertility, indicate a lack of this hormone.
3. Estradiol is the main sex hormone in women. During menopause, its amount decreases sharply. The lack of this substance in women of childbearing age causes violations of the uterine cycle, dysfunction of the uterus, fallopian tubes, deviations in the development of the genital organs.
4. Prolactin is responsible for the functioning of the mammary glands, ensures their formation and growth in girls, stimulates lactation in women in labor. A high content of this substance indicates ovarian dysfunction, autoimmune pathologies, thyroid pathologies.

An increase in prolactin levels is associated with stress, trauma in the area chest, beriberi, renal failure. occurs after abortion. An excess of the substance provokes failures of the uterine cycle, infertility, the formation of cysts, malignant tumors in the mammary glands, and frigidity.

A reduced level of prolactin is fixed during a post-term pregnancy, due to the intake of certain pharmaceutical drugs.

1. High levels of testosterone (the main male sex hormone) cause skin problems. The norm for women of childbearing age is only 0.290-1.67 nmol / l. But to study the hormonal status, the concentration of testosterone is determined necessarily. Deviations from normal values ​​can cause reproductive dysfunction in women.
2. Thyroid-stimulating hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland and is responsible for the full functioning of the thyroid gland. The level of sex hormones depends on the amount of this substance. The metabolic processes in a woman's body, which are controlled by the thyroid gland, provide the possibility of conceiving and bearing a child.
3. Progesterone is the hormone of pregnancy, its normal course depends on it. In non-pregnant women, its high content provokes excess weight..

There are many gynecological tests for hormones. It is not always necessary to assign everything. The doctor, after clarifying the clinical picture, makes a referral. To obtain reliable results, it is important to adhere to the rules for preparing for laboratory tests. For the appointment and interpretation of analyzes, contact only qualified specialists.

Biologically active substances produced by endocrine glands are called hormones. Entering the bloodstream, they spread throughout the body and affect the basic functions of the individual's body: development, metabolism, digestion, and others. Analysis for female hormones allows you to timely identify different kinds deviations, and timely diagnosis will allow you to prescribe adequate treatment, leading in most cases to complete recovery.

Sex hormones: general characteristics

Special biological substances that are produced by the male and female gonads, as well as the adrenal cortex, are called sex hormones and are related to steroids in their structure. They influence the following factors:

• fertility;
• the formation of primary and secondary sexual characteristics;
• normal functioning of the reproductive system;
• metabolic processes;
• mental and emotional background;
• immune system and others.

Hormonal substances are divided into estrogens, gestagens, androgens, their concentration is different in representatives of different sexes. In the female half of the population, phenomena are noted that may be the cause of a malfunction in the hormonal system. Such violations usually manifest themselves outwardly. One of the most important and basic types of examinations is considered to be an analysis to determine the level of the main female hormones, which assesses the health status of the beautiful half of humanity.

Her appearance, general well-being, mood, condition of the skin, nails and hair depend on the hormonal background of a woman. Highly active substances guard women's health, protecting against stress, depression, and also slow down the aging process. With their help, babies are born. Each of the hormones is synthesized in a specific organ and performs its own unique role in maintaining the health of lovely ladies. Any deviations from the maximum permissible values ​​in one direction or another lead to various pathological conditions, i.e. hormonal failure. And as a result, the quality of life of a woman is significantly reduced. What analysis to pass on female hormones in order to correct the resulting imbalance in a timely manner is discussed in detail below.

Follicle stimulating hormone

Produced by the pituitary gland, it is an ovulation stimulator. Low production of the hormone does not allow the follicles to mature, as a result, the impossibility of conception occurs. The formation and release of hormonal substances into the blood is carried out every four hours. During this period, the concentration almost doubles. A laboratory test is usually prescribed in cases of:

• endometriosis or proliferation of cellular tissue of the endometrium of the uterus;
• lack of menstruation;
• uterine bleeding;
• polycystic;
• infertility;
• spontaneous miscarriage;
• reduced libido.

A high concentration is a sign of an autoimmune disease, ovarian cysts, bleeding from the uterus, kidney failure. A low level means physical exhaustion of the body associated with refusal to eat and strict diets, polycystic ovaries, heavy metal poisoning.

Prolactin

During the gestation of the baby, the production of prolactin is maximum.

This biologically active substance is responsible for:

• formation and regulation of sexual behavior;
• the work of the corpus luteum in the ovary;
• the production of breast milk;
• water-salt exchange.

In addition, it actively participates in the processes associated with the absorption of calcium and the formation of the immune system. An analysis for this type of hormone is prescribed for:

• diagnosing pathological conditions of the organs of the reproductive system;
• difficulties with conceiving a child;
• lack or increased production of breast milk;
• severe menopause;
• infertility;
• meager secretions;
• lack of menstruation in situations not related to pregnancy;
• excess body weight;
• osteoporosis;
• decrease in sexual desire;
• hirsutism.

The amount of prolactin of over-permissible values ​​is a consequence of:

• lactation period;
• pregnancy;
• dysfunction of the hypothalamus;
• disorders in the work of the kidneys;
• overwork;
• arthritis
• development of severe liver pathology up to cirrhosis;
• polycystic ovaries.

The minimum concentration of prolactin is caused by a situation when the gestation period has expired, and childbirth has not occurred due to the lack of labor activity.

Estradiol

Estrogen is a female hormone, the synthesis of which is carried out in the ovary and in the adrenal cortex, is represented by estradiol, as well as estriol and estrone. The hormone affects the functioning of the female genital organs, the development of the egg and the frequency of menstruation. It is this substance that has a significant impact on memory, mood swings, the condition of the skin, hair and bones. Its concentration decreases with age.

If an estrogen test showed high level, then the reason lies in the following: pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, cirrhosis of the liver, ovarian tumor, the use of contraceptive drugs. A low concentration is observed in the pathology of the endocrine system, high physical exertion, underdeveloped reproductive system. During fasting or a strict diet, hormone production decreases. In addition, an insufficient amount of estradiol is detected in women who smoke, when they refuse to eat meat. An estrogen test is prescribed for problems with conception, lack of ovulation, signs of osteoporosis, during the period of bearing a baby in order to monitor the condition of the uterus.

Progesterone

The synthesis of the hormone is carried out by the corpus luteum of the ovaries. The main function is to maintain reproduction. An increased amount of this substance is produced immediately after fertilization in order to inhibit ovulation by inhibiting gonadotropic hormones. The placenta is a hormonal substance produced in the second trimester of the interesting position of the lady. Indications for the appointment of an analysis for progesterone (on which day to take, the attending doctor determines):

• uterine bleeding;
• irregular periods;
• changes in the placenta during the period of gestation;
• inability to conceive a baby.

To obtain the most reliable results of the study, the procedure is carried out between the 21st and 23rd day of the cycle. In the case of irregular periods, they are analyzed several times in different phases. The concentration of progesterone in pregnant women is different depending on the period. Causes advanced level hormone in the blood

• kidney failure;
• suppression of adrenal function;
• diseases of the endocrine system;
• pathological conditions of the genitourinary system;
• successful conception.

In case of inflammation of the appendages, regular intake of hormonal drugs, low secretion of the corpus luteum of the ovaries, a low level of progesterone is observed.

Thyroxine, sulfate with antibodies, thyroid stimulating hormone

In addition to the hormonal substances listed above, the hormones of the endocrine system of the individual also have an effect on reproduction. These include:

• Triiodothyronine is produced by the thyroid gland.
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone. According to the results of studies on this type of hormonal substance, the state of the thyroid gland is judged.
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is a male hormone responsible for the normal functioning of the ovaries. For the fair sex, its amount is minimal.
• Antibodies to thyroid-stimulating hormone.
• Thyroxine is a hormone whose concentration decreases sharply during pathological processes in the endocrine system, leading to the risk of birth defects in the fetus.

luteinizing hormone

It is a hormonal substance synthesized by the pituitary gland. Its main functions are:

• growth and development of follicles before ovulation;
• control of estrogen and progesterone production;
• development of the corpus luteum;
• regulation of the ovulation process.

The quantitative content of the hormone depends on the day of the cycle. The maximum synthesis of the substance occurs on the day of ovulation, then the concentration decreases. An analysis for this type of hormonal substance is carried out between the third and fifth day of the monthly cycle. In some cases, the doctor prescribes taking bioassays at other intervals of the cycle. Reasons for taking the test:

• hirsutism;
• irregular ovulation;
• weak libido;
• inability to bear a fetus, manifested in spontaneous miscarriages;
• polycystic;
• physical underdevelopment;
• endometriosis;
• inability to get pregnant with constant sexual activity.

A rather high concentration of luteinizing hormone indicates depletion of the ovaries, incomplete development of the genital organs, malignant tumors of the pituitary gland, endometriosis of the uterus, and renal failure. A small amount of the hormone occurs in women who have undergone surgery, with overweight, some autoimmune pathologies, emotional burnout, and in women who smoke.

Testosterone

In the adrenal glands and ovaries, the male hormone testosterone is synthesized, which is responsible for the normal functioning of the organs of the reproductive system and the ability to conceive a baby. Excess testosterone levels are considered one of the main causes of female infertility. A hormone test is prescribed in the following cases:

• lack of menstruation;
• myoma;
• uterine bleeding;
• acne
• spontaneous miscarriages;
• polycystic.

Constantly high testosterone levels in the blood lead to serious health problems. The provoking factors are:

• heredity of pathological conditions of the genital organs;
• permanent reception medicines containing hormonal substances;
• excessive consumption of alcohol, fatty or fried foods, hot spices.

Tests for female hormones: preparation

To obtain the most accurate results, some general requirements, which are quite easy to perform for any woman.

• For seven days, refuse to take medicines in agreement with the doctor.
• For three days, eliminate excessive loads of the physical and psychological plan.
• For a day do not drink alcohol-containing drinks and exclude sexual intercourse.
• On the eve of the test, exclude the night and then the morning meal.
• Do not smoke in the morning before the test.
• The optimal time for sampling is around eight in the morning.

The level of hormonal substances directly depends on the period of the menstrual cycle. In the absence of recommendations from a gynecologist, an analysis for female hormones is taken on the fifth or seventh day after the onset of menstruation. The exception is a study on progesterone, it is taken seven days before menstruation. In addition, it is important to remember that the biomaterial can be donated in the absence of infection and hyperthermia.

Indications for the appointment of female hormones

Medical workers write out a direction for checking the hormonal background of the female half of the population under the following conditions:

• excessive growth of hair on the body;
• acne
• menstrual irregularities;
• infertility;
• excess body weight;
• critically low weight;
• pathology of the mammary glands;
• miscarriages;
• disruption of the renal system;
• during childbearing.

In most cases, a study is prescribed to control several types of hormonal substances.

Research on hormones when planning pregnancy

When is it better to take an analysis for female hormones when planning a pregnancy? With such a question, more and more often young girls turn to a gynecologist in antenatal clinics. The answer is simple: after the couple finally decided and decided on the birth of an heir. Before the most crucial period in the life of every woman, it is recommended to assess the hormonal background, i.e., pass the biomaterial for hormones:

• Follicle-stimulating - responsible for the development of the egg in the ovary.
• The hormone thyroxine and other highly active substances of the thyroid gland. One of the causes of infertility is a malfunction of this organ.
• Prolactin - promotes postpartum production of breast milk. During pregnancy, it lowers the concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone, and in the absence of it, a high concentration of prolactin leads to a significant deficiency of follicle-stimulating hormone, as a result, there is a problem with conception.
• Luteinizing - participates in the final stage of egg maturation and its release.
• Estrogen is a female hormone that affects all the reproductive organs.
• Progesterone - its production begins after the maturation of the egg. Low levels of this hormone can cause miscarriage. Without the participation of this substance, a fertilized egg will not be able to attach to the uterus.
• Testosterone - exceeding the permissible level of this hormonal substance in a woman can provoke a miscarriage.
• Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate - is involved in the production of estrogen and testosterone, is synthesized in the female body in small quantities. A large amount of this substance leads to infertility.

What is the name of the analysis for female hormones with menopause?

Menopause, or menopause, is accompanied by the absence of menstruation and a change in hormonal status associated with a decrease in the production of sex hormones. The onset of this period is considered natural and does not require special treatment. In some cases, with a pronounced severity of the main symptoms, drug therapy is prescribed, aimed at reducing the risk of transition of a number of diseases to the chronic stage. In order to assess the hormonal status, a blood test for female hormones is prescribed for menopause:

• Follicle stimulating. The onset of menopause is indicated by the amount of this indicator, equal to 20 units, after a year the level of the hormone increases to 125.
• Estrogens. In menopause, the concentration of estradiol is in the range from 8 to 82 IU. If, according to the results of the analysis, a low level is revealed, then the signs of menopause will be pronounced: libido decreases, body weight increases, mucous membranes lose moisture. A high rate - increases the risk of developing renal failure, neoplasms of a benign nature.
• Luteinizing. During menopause, its concentration rises to 50 units.
• Progesterone. The permissible level is 0.64 units, the decrease leads to an unstable emotional background.

Evaluating the results of the analysis for female hormones, medical professionals also pay attention to the ratio of hormones to each other. In some cases, the doctor recommends additionally donating biomaterial for the following types of studies:

• blood biochemistry;
• thyroid hormones, as well as testosterone, prolactin.

How to increase the level of female hormones?

Stress and malnutrition are considered the most common causes of hormonal imbalance. The lack of female hormones in a woman's body is a provoking factor in the development of various pathological conditions, which, of course, affects appearance the fair sex, regardless of age. There are several ways to increase the level of hormonal substances:

• Compliance with the daily routine. Chronic fatigue, constant stressful situations contribute to a decrease in the level of female hormonal substances.
• Diet adjustment. Plant-derived hormones are present in many foods, and when consumed, there is a risk of increasing the concentration of female hormones. Before purchasing products, you must carefully study the composition.
• Taking hormonal drugs or replacement therapy. However, doctors use this method in rare cases.

It should be noted that in order to restore the hormonal background, it will take long time and constant monitoring by medical professionals. You cannot self-medicate. To maintain women's health, regular visits to a gynecologist and an analysis of female hormones for medical reasons are recommended.