What male tests are needed when planning a pregnancy? Pregnancy planning: what tests should men take and where can it be done? Check a man before conception

good day my dear readers! I recently thought about this: usually all the topics that relate to pregnancy planning are devoted specifically to women. We are well aware of what we eat to get pregnant, what days are best to try to conceive a child, what exercises to do, what examinations we need to undergo, what medications to take, and so on. Right? What about men?

Two are involved in the process of conceiving a child! And if a woman fails to get pregnant for a long time, this does not mean at all that the problem is in her. And the health of the newborn depends not only on the mother, but also on the father. It would be logical if the examination of a man before conceiving a baby was carried out together with a woman.

Again, if a woman knows perfectly well that she needs to contact her female doctor or find a paid specialist, then the man immediately has a question: where to undergo a medical examination and whether it is necessary to undergo it at all. Let's figure it out!

I have already mentioned that the health of a newborn depends not only on the mother, but also on the father. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is extremely important to undergo a comprehensive examination. Unfortunately, this is how it is customary: a woman becomes pregnant, she also bears - even if she goes to the clinic once or twice a week for 40 weeks.

However, even the condition of a pregnant woman during the period of bearing a child largely depends on the future dad. We, adults, are well aware that during sexual intercourse there is a risk of “catching” an infection, which in turn can adversely affect the condition of the mother and fetus.

Yes, what! Everyone has heard of such a thing as the "Rh factor", right? If the father's blood type is not suitable for the female body, problems such as:

impossibility of conception;
spontaneous abortions;
Rhesus conflict (the pregnant woman will be constantly under the supervision of doctors);
and others.

If given fact set at the stage of pregnancy planning, doctors will make efforts to ensure that the period of bearing the baby is as safe as possible for the mother and child.

2. The minimum complex of examinations for men

In general, there are several options for passing a medical examination. This may be a regular medical examination at a local clinic (not the most the best option, but it's better than nothing), passing the program - a minimum or a maximum program.

The minimum program includes the most necessary examinations, including:

examination by a urologist (the doctor will make a conclusion about the sexual function of a man);
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

The PCR method itself is aimed at identifying possible bacteria (ureaplasmas, gonococci, chlamydia, and others) and viruses (herpes, cytomegalovirus, and others). Also, with the PCR method, a man will have to be tested for toxoplasma.

Men like to take tests using the polymerase chain reaction method, because usually, in order to get a result, the doctor recommends that the patient take a drug or food provocateur (and this may be a favorite spicy dish or alcoholic beverage) on the eve of the examination.

If during the examination even one pathogen is found in a man, he will need to undergo a course of treatment before conception (however, like his partner).

3. The maximum complex of examinations for men

There are young couples who take the process of conceiving a child very seriously. In this case, the man can undergo a complete examination. In addition to the above medical tests, a number of additional examinations are added to such a complex.

Initially, the future father will have to visit a therapist who will acquaint him with the upcoming medical examination, and also give him a referral for mandatory tests:

urinalysis (for the study of the genitourinary system);
a blood test from a finger and / or a vein (the results of the analysis, which have a deviation from the norm, are often the first “call” about the presence of the disease);
a biochemical blood test (helps to identify diseases of the internal organs even before the first signs of the disease appear);
analysis aimed at determining the blood group;
a blood test for hormones (to clarify the level of testosterone);
blood test for HIV and hepatitis B, C;
analysis to establish the Rh factor (often blood is taken simultaneously with biochemical analysis).

Moreover, a man will need to do an electrocardiogram (especially if he suffers from overweight or has heart problems) and ultrasonography chest organs.

Such a list of examinations is important, because even if the future dad does not have problems with the possibility of conception, this does not mean at all that he does not have other diseases (especially chronic ones) that are transmitted at the genetic level.

3.1. Male sperm test

Unlike the shortened male examination program, the full medical examination provides for semen analysis. This examination is aimed at the study of spermatozoa. The result obtained makes it possible to find out:

what is the mobility and structure of spermatozoa;
predisposition of a man to natural conception;
the functioning of the testicles;
methods of treating infertility (if this diagnosis was made);
and other.

In order to pass a spermogram, the patient needs preparation - 4 days before the analysis, the future father will have to refuse:

from alcoholic products;
from narcotic drugs (including sleeping pills and painkillers);
from spicy, fatty and spicy foods;
from physical activity;
from intercourse.

Moreover, a man should also avoid hypothermia (and vice versa) and stressful situations.

In case of detection in the analysis of deviations from the norm, it is necessary to undergo a second examination.

3.2. Examination of the secret of the prostate gland

Initially, this analysis is prescribed if the patient complains of pain during urination or in the perineum. Usually these signs are a symptom of the inflammatory process. Often, the analysis shows a man's predisposition to a disease such as the prostate (or its presence).

With this disease, the conception of a child must be postponed until the completion of treatment.

And this is not the whole list of those doctors that a man can visit during the passage of the maximum comprehensive examination. Other specialists may also be included in the list:

ophthalmologist;
otolaryngologist;
neuropathologist and neurologist;
psychotherapist;
dentist;
and others.

Often, in paid clinics, a man can choose an individual “maximum” program, which will include exactly those specialists that the future father wants to go through. Here the question is already in the wishes of the patient and in the price.

4. What are the prices for comprehensive examinations

Everyone is well aware that pregnancy management can be carried out not only by a female doctor from a local clinic, but also by a specialist in a private clinic. Of course not free. A man also has the opportunity to seek help from a paid institution.

Fortunately, nowadays it is quite easy to find such an institution. Many clinics offer their services.

Firstly, a man can undergo a general medical examination in a regular clinic (does it take more time and effort), and special tests (for example, a spermogram) can be taken in a private clinic. Issue price: 1.000 - 1.500 rubles.
Secondly, the future father can complete the "minimum" program or the "maximum" program in a specialized institution. The cost varies depending on the chosen program and the number of specialists. The average cost of such an examination in Moscow is 7,000 rubles.
Thirdly, a married couple can undergo a joint examination. There are clinics that provide services under the “happy family” programs. It is difficult to talk about the price here, because in each individual case the cost varies greatly.

In any case, the very fact that a man needs to undergo a comprehensive examination is obvious. You can never be sure what affects the difficulty in conceiving a child. Moreover, if there are no such problems, but you plan to conceive a healthy and full-fledged baby, medical examination is required!

Watch a video on preparing men for pregnancy planning here:

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In addition to supporting and participating in the conception of an unborn child, in modern world pregnancy planning for men is becoming the norm. If earlier it was customary to blame a woman for such troubles as infertility and fetal malformations, now the point of view has changed. Certainly health female body plays a leading role, but no less important is the quality of the male genetic material that the unborn child receives from the father.

Planning pregnancy on the part of a man is a serious task, including the diagnosis and treatment of existing diseases, the rejection of bad habits, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, taking multivitamins and much more. This is important, since the development and future of the child no less depends on the father.

First of all, a man must be mentally prepared for conception and the birth of a baby. If there is no doubt about this, then where should a man start planning a pregnancy?

giving up alcohol and nicotine;
adequate sleep, moderate physical activity and lack of stress;
normalization of body weight, exclusion of a sedentary lifestyle;
vibration limitation and high temperatures on the body;
refusal of synthetic clothing that restricts movement;
taking multivitamins;
exclusion of contact with toxic substances, sources of microwave and ionizing radiation;
prevention of colds, infections and injuries.

What tests need to be done?

Examination of men when planning pregnancy should begin with the urologist's office. The specialist will conduct a complete diagnosis of the patient, give directions for the necessary tests, and, if necessary, refer him for a consultation with other specialists. Having received a detailed picture of the examination, the doctor will tell you what to take a man when planning a pregnancy and what is the further tactics of action.

A standard comprehensive examination includes the following tests for a man when planning a pregnancy:

General analysis of urine and blood. The results of these studies will show whether there are any deviations in the body that can adversely affect the health of the unborn child.
Determination of blood group and Rh factor. If a man knows these data, then once again it is pointless to determine them. The blood group of a man does not play a role in the conception and pregnancy of the spouse, but the Rh factor can affect its course. For this reason, it is important to find out the compatibility of the Rh factor of a married couple.
TORCH infections. The study is aimed at identifying such infectious factors as rubella, herpes, cytomegalovirus, chlamydia and toxoplasmosis. These infections adversely affect the processes of conception and pregnancy, they can be present in the body of both spouses, so they are included in the mandatory tests for a man planning a pregnancy. The detection of any of these infections is a good reason to postpone conception and undergo the necessary course of treatment.
Sexual infections. Perhaps the most common pathology in the intimate sphere, causing inflammation in the organs of the reproductive system of men and women. All this can give complications during pregnancy, and most importantly - interfere with a healthy conception. If tests during pregnancy planning for men showed the presence of genital infections, they must be eliminated and only after that, conception should be planned.
Spermogram. This study allows you to evaluate the structure, composition, mobility and number of spermatozoa in the male seed. Before taking tests when planning a pregnancy for a spermogram, a man needs a few days before the study to give up bad habits, serious physical activity and acceptance of any medicines.
Partner Compatibility. In medical practice, there is an incompatibility of individual men and women with each other, as a result of which a woman cannot become pregnant from her partner or she has constant spontaneous. This diagnosis is not a sentence, the doctor will tell you what compatibility tests to take when planning a pregnancy for a man and a woman, and based on this, he will try to help the spouses.
Fluorography.
Hormones. Hormonal background men, namely the content of testosterone in his body, plays a major role in planning pregnancy.
Secret prostate. Tests for the study of prostate secretion for men when planning pregnancy are not prescribed in all cases, but only when problems with this organ are identified during an examination by a urologist.
ECG. Many men today suffer from pathologies of the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, an electrocardiogram when planning a pregnancy will be useful.

Knowing what tests to take when planning a pregnancy for a man, one should not forget about visiting other specialists. Typically, their circle includes a therapist, endocrinologist, geneticist and psychologist.

When visiting a therapist, the general state of health of a man is determined. After the examination and history taking, the specialist can recommend what tests to take for a man when planning a pregnancy in order to fully determine whether treatment is necessary and how certain pathologies can affect the conception and pregnancy of a partner.

An endocrinologist diagnoses abnormalities in the functioning of the thyroid gland and conducts appropriate treatment. Diseases endocrine system often lead to oppression of sexual function. Therefore, when they are detected, treatment should be mandatory.

The geneticist determines the existing risk of developing pathologies on the part of the unborn child. This occurs when there are harmful factors affecting the body of both spouses, existing genetic diseases that are passed down from generation to generation, etc. There is no need to hide facts from the doctor serious illnesses blood relatives, fearing a negative reaction from the partner. This is important for predicting the birth of a healthy child in the family.

A man needs a psychologist to determine his readiness for conscious parenthood no less than tests when planning a pregnancy. Many people are afraid of the unknown, tormented by doubts before cardinal changes in their lives, and the appearance of a child is no exception. Also, the help of a psychologist is necessary if conflict situations often arise between spouses and there is a misunderstanding.

vitamins

For the normal development of the fetus, you need to know not only what tests to take a man when planning a pregnancy, but also include the following vitamins in your diet:

: suppresses the number of spermatozoa with chromosomal pathologies.
Vitamin C: improves the functioning of the gonads, increasing the synthesis of spermatozoa and having a beneficial effect on sperm.
B vitamins: improve metabolism, take part in the synthesis of DNA and sex hormones, increase sperm motility.
: improves the composition of sperm, increases the resistance of sperm to negative factors, activates their mobility.
Selenium: promotes sperm renewal, protects cells from free radicals, neutralizes and removes salts of heavy metals.
Zinc: improves testosterone synthesis.

Alcohol and smoking

Doctors say that any amount of alcohol drunk by a man 3 months before conception can harm the unborn child. A healthy non-drinking man has an average of 25% abnormal sperm, but despite this number, defective cells are less likely to take part in conception.

Drinking alcohol additionally damages some of the healthy spermatozoa and at the same time equalizes the strength of diseased and healthy cells. That is, conception in this case will resemble a game of roulette: either the baby will be born healthy, or he will have some deviations, or a miscarriage will occur. Refusal of alcohol at the stage of pregnancy planning will help to avoid this.

Smoking is no less dangerous than alcohol. Tobacco toxins damage male sex cells to the same extent, increasing the chances of miscarriage or the birth of a sick child. Spermatogenesis of a drinking and smoking man is seriously impaired. The desire to give birth to a healthy child should encourage a man to give up addictions.

Proper nutrition and lifestyle

Nutrition when planning a pregnancy for men should be complete - than better food the better the quality of the sperm. A man should exclude spicy, fried, canned, smoked dishes and fast food.

A balanced diet should consist of meat, fish, fruits and vegetables, dairy products. Sprouted grains of wheat, nuts, seeds, liver, caviar, oysters, milk and cheese improve the quality of sperm and increase the synthesis of testosterone in the body.

In practice, there are very few men who want to undergo timely medical preparation for conceiving a healthy, strong and full-fledged child - much less than women. On the one hand, this is logical and understandable: the expectant mother will have to bear a baby, whose health largely depends on her physical condition. On the other hand, the couple needs to know that the success of conception depends largely on the future dad.

There are special tests when planning a pregnancy for men, which will promptly show any deviations in his body and diagnose whether the candidate for fathers is ready at this stage.

A urologist is one of the most important doctors for men planning to become dads soon. Urology involves the treatment of most diseases that lead to problems with conception. Proper pregnancy planning for men involves an examination by this specialist, which identifies these diseases or diagnoses their absence. It includes:

a thorough survey allows the doctor to draw conclusions about the presence of any pathologies in a man or a predisposition to them;
examination of the structure of the external genital organs (scrotum, penis, inguinal lymph nodes), size, shape and condition of the testicles;
rectal examination of the prostate;
various urine tests (general and functional renal test);
prostate secretion analysis.

The urologist will tell you in detail what tests a man needs to take when planning a pregnancy, how to properly prepare for each of them. After all, many studies are quite specific and even unpleasant, but nevertheless - extremely desirable for future fathers before conceiving a baby.

1. Sexual infections

Sexual infections in a man's body can lead to inflammatory processes and diseases that most directly affect the likelihood of conception. Therefore, tests when planning pregnancy for men for sexually transmitted infections are one of the main ones. The most accurate and popular method for detecting infectious diseases that are sexually transmitted is the PCR method (the full name of the analysis is polymerase chain reaction). A scraping is done from the urethral mucosa to detect the DNA of the pathogen:

chlamydia;
Trichomonas;
gonococci;
ureaplasma;
mycoplasmas;
toxoplasma;
gardnerella;
herpes virus;
papillomas;
Epstein-Barra;
cytomegalovirus.

If one of these pathogens is found in a man as a result of these tests, both future parents will have to undergo treatment, even if the woman's results are negative. On the eve of PCR, a provocation is performed - measures are taken that contribute to the exacerbation of the disease. On the eve of the examination, the man is invited to eat some spicy or salty foods or take a small amount of alcohol. The accuracy of the obtained data is 97%. There are other tests for a man when planning a pregnancy, which are included in the maximum program.

2. Spermogram

Spermogram is the main method that indicates the possibility of conception by a man. It is a study of sperm under a microscope. It is needed in order for the doctor to get an idea of:

the state of spermatozoa on the eve of conception: their concentration, quantity, mobility, structure;
about the functioning of the prostate gland, testicles, small gonads.

These data allow us to draw conclusions about the ability of a man preparing to become a father to conceive. If, as a result of this analysis, infertility is diagnosed, according to the spermogram, the doctor judges the form of the disease, determines the tactics of treatment and gives a prognosis about the effectiveness of therapy. Men need to prepare for this procedure. 3-4 days before the analysis, it is advisable to adhere to the following recommendations:

you can not drink alcohol;
narcotic drugs are contraindicated;
give up energy drinks, sleeping pills and painkillers;
exclude any medications;
do not eat spicy, pickled, spicy foods;
do not overcool or overheat;
avoid severe stress;
do not get involved in excessive physical activity;
exposure to any radiation is contraindicated;
sexual abstinence is required.

The material for this analysis is semen extracted by masturbation. Between the receipt of the material and the implementation of the laboratory test, a small amount of time should elapse - no more than 3 hours.

3. The secret of the prostate gland

Often, a survey of a man when planning a pregnancy reveals problems associated with the normal functioning of the prostate gland. In this case, the urologist may prescribe such an analysis as a study of its secretion. It is released from the urethra when a specialist performs a rectal massage of the gland, then collected in a test tube and delivered to the laboratory. Next, microscopy is performed (reveals the presence or absence of an inflammatory process, the full functioning of the gland) and sowing (reveals bacteria). In the presence of a pathology, a man is prescribed treatment. After the urologist, you will need to visit a therapist who will prescribe a number of his tests.

Therapy

A therapeutic examination of a man during pregnancy planning will make sure that there are no diseases such as hypertension, bronchial asthma, vegetovascular dystonia, exacerbations of chronic inflammatory processes. After all, the predisposition to them is inherited and significantly affects the health of the child, starting from his birth. The therapist may prescribe the father-to-be such tests as:

general blood analysis from a finger or a vein will help identify anemia, poor blood clotting, inflammation and many others;
general urine analysis determines problems with the urogenital area, gives an idea of the state of the kidneys;
blood chemistry from a vein reflects the work of the liver, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, helps to detect diabetes mellitus in time;
to determine the group and Rh factor of blood taken from a vein, helps to smooth out or prevent the manifestations of the Rhesus conflict;
for HIV, hepatitis B and C, Wasserman reaction help diagnose AIDS, hepatitis, syphilis;
for hormones shows the activity of the endocrine glands, in particular - testosterone, the lack of which can cause infertility; other hormones in male body(insulin, gonadotropins) can also affect conception;
ECG during pregnancy planning, it is recommended to do men over 40 years of age and those who have high blood pressure, persistent headaches, cardiovascular diseases, excess weight, predisposition to alcoholism;
ultrasound also allows you to exclude many diseases before conceiving a child.

A couple must know what tests should be taken when planning a pregnancy for a man, because the success of conception and the presence of hereditary diseases in a child after his birth will largely depend on his physical condition and his health.

It has long been no longer the prerogative of exclusively women. The health of a man affects the rate of conception, the success of gestation and the intrauterine development of the baby. That is why you should be aware of what tests should a man take at the stage of joint pregnancy planning.

Doctors advise men to change their lifestyle and, in the name of the health of the newborn, give up at least for a certain period. TO the most common recommendations include:

Quitting smoking, alcohol and
Taking multivitamins,
Avoiding places with high levels of radio magnetic radiation,
Regular physical activity with the exception of a sedentary lifestyle,
Correct and useful, reducing the amount of caffeine,
Reducing exposure to high temperatures,
Refusal to wear underwear made of synthetic fabrics,
Prevention and treatment of infectious diseases.

Particular attention should be paid to taking medications and dietary supplements that directly affect male fertility. If there are problems with gastrointestinal tract or for the treatment and disinfection of purulent inflammations, preparations containing the active substances cimetidine, sulfasalazine and nitrofurantoin are often used. They are quite toxic, can accumulate in the body and adversely affect the quality of sperm.

Steroids (prednisone and cortisone) are used to relieve asthma attacks, fight allergies, infections, and autoimmune diseases. Hormonal drugs with them can adversely affect male fertility, their use should be excluded.

Recommendations for changing habitual lifestyles include reducing the likelihood of genital injuries. For example, cycling creates additional vibration and friction in the crotch area. This raises the temperature of the testicles, which reduces the number of viable sperm.

This is interesting. To stimulate sexual function, men are recommended to consume more vitamin E, as well as 0.3 g of mummy per day. TO folk remedies activation of spermatozoa : herbal infusion from kelp, onion, ginger, cumin and cinnamon with the addition of vegetable oil.

What tests is desirable for a man to take at the stage of planning a pregnancy?

The standard set of examinations for the stronger sex consists of the following medical procedures:

Analysis of urine and blood, incl. and for HIV infection.
Fluorogram.
Establishment of the Rh factor and blood group. This information will help to avoid problems during pregnancy and the likelihood of Rh-conflict in the newborn.
A smear to exclude the presence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, as well as cytomegalovirus, ureaplasma and mycoplasma.
Tests to determine the hormonal level, in which special attention is paid to androgens, in particular, testosterone.
Removing an electrocardiogram to exclude pathologies of the heart and blood vessels.
To reduce the risk of birth defects in a future baby, if a man has diseases that are transmitted genetically, you should pass the necessary tests and conduct tests.

This is interesting. Taking ginseng root tincture, thanks to the saponins contained in it, will help a man not only strengthen the immune system and increase the body's resistance to diseases, but also increase potency.
It must be borne in mind that with age, mutations tend to accumulate. The older the man, the more he has spermatozoa containing damaged genetic material. After the age of 45, a man's probability of fertilizing a female egg is reduced by 3 times.
Tests of a man to exclude the diagnosis of infertility
If a woman long time, and the results of the examination show the absence of problems in her reproductive system, the man needs to pass the biomaterial for spermograms. Its decoding will tell about the number of spermatozoa, their quality characteristics, the work of the testicles and gonads. It must be borne in mind that important factors that can affect the quality and activity of spermatozoa for the worse are chemotherapy and radiation if the man underwent a course of treatment before the planned conception.
It is important. The study of the ejaculate is carried out in one laboratory after the delivery of biomaterial 2-3 times with an interval of 2 weeks. On the eve of the analysis for spermogram for several days, it is necessary to refrain from having sex, exclude alcohol, create stressful situations and overheat the body.

Examination of the secretion of the prostate gland will reveal the bacteria that cause inflammation that affects reproductive function.
Male fertility can be affected by prolonged exposure to unfavorable environments. Permanent Influence high level radiation, pesticides and other chemical fertilizers, the presence in the air of impurities of lead, mercury, chromium, as well as vapors of petroleum products and perchlorethylene can lead to a diagnosis of "infertility" in a man.
The passage of various medical examinations by a man, and the delivery of tests to him at the planning stage, contribute to the successful course of pregnancy and the birth of a healthy child.
Attention! The use of any medicines and dietary supplements, as well as the use of any medical techniques possible only with the permission of a doctor.

One of essential elements family life are male tests when planning pregnancy. General state health of a man, the absence of diseases of various genesis, the normal functioning of the reproductive organs have a very large impact on the likelihood of a successful conception of a healthy child. elimination hidden infections and pathologies in a man provides a guarantee that the child will not have congenital diseases or developmental abnormalities.

Exemplary survey plan

A comprehensive examination of a man, carried out in the case when the spouses are planning the birth of a child, includes a number of mandatory and a number of additional procedures. Mandatory procedures include microbiological studies and a blood test to detect hidden forms of sexually transmitted diseases, immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis, fungi, and a group of TORCH infections that are dangerous for the development of a child.

Additional types of examinations carried out by a man before his wife's pregnancy include specific types of tests required in case of genetic or hereditary diseases, or in case of prolonged difficulties in fertilization or suspected infertility.

Special tests for men are also carried out with a large difference in the age of sexual partners, the presence of congenital pathologies, mismatch of the Rh factor or blood groups.

The main specialist who determines the program for examining a man when planning a pregnancy is a urologist. The urologist may conduct an initial medical history to collect information about possible diseases, pathologies or physical abnormalities, to carry out a number of special events.

First of all, in the course of the interview, the doctor must find out what diseases that affect the conception of a child, the future father suffered or suffers. Hereditary or genetic factors are identified that may manifest themselves during the conception of a child.

After that, a preventive examination of the external reproductive organs of a man is performed in order to identify pathologies. It includes examination of the penis, testicles, inguinal lymph nodes, blood vessels urinary system.

Next, a preliminary rectal examination and palpation of the prostate gland is carried out, the secretions of the prostate gland are selected for an appropriate microbiological study.

Then, based on the results of the survey and examination, a general blood test and urinalysis, as well as special tests are prescribed to obtain complete and reliable information about the health of the subject.

Based on the data obtained, a program of preparation for further examinations by specialized specialists is drawn up. If necessary, a special diet and routine measures are prescribed, which include, for example, quitting smoking, taking alcohol, drugs and stimulants, refraining from sexual intercourse, etc.

Therapeutic examination

Examination of a man by a therapist when planning a pregnancy makes it possible to diagnose, if they are present, a number of diseases that are inherited, such as bronchial asthma, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the central nervous system and others.

During a therapeutic examination, the following tests are carried out:

General analysis of blood and urine.
Determination of blood group and Rh factor.
A blood test for the content of male hormones and insulin.
Ultrasound or computed tomography (if necessary).
Electrocardiogram for persons over 45 years of age.

Based on the results of the tests, the therapist can prescribe appropriate preventive or therapeutic procedures, prescribe the necessary drugs or refer the patient to a hospital for treatment.

Microbiological analyzes

Microbiological tests performed on men during examinations when planning a pregnancy can detect the presence in the body of pathogens that are the causative agents of various diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases. Many sexually transmitted diseases can lead to dysfunction of the male genitourinary system and adversely affect reproductive functions organism.

An analysis for the presence of latent or hidden sexually transmitted diseases is usually carried out according to the method of studying the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of urethral tissue scrapings, which makes it possible to detect many pathogens, in particular:

candida;
trichomonads, gonococci and spirochetes;
ureaplasma, toxoplasma, mycoplasma;
gardnerella and papillomas;
pathogens of herpes and other viral infections.

Very often, a day before a comprehensive PCR analysis for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases, the subject is injected with a special drug that provokes an exacerbation of a latent disease. Sometimes, as a method of provoking the disease, they use the use of spicy, smoked or salty foods, or the intake of small amounts of a low-alcohol drink - wine or beer.

PCR analysis allows you to determine the presence of pathogens with a high probability. However, in some cases, microbiological studies may include, if necessary, a serological test for the presence of antibodies in the acute course of the disease, analysis of scrapings oral cavity for candidiasis or herpes, other necessary tests.

If there are pathogens of infectious diseases in the body of a man, appropriate treatment is prescribed for both spouses, regardless of the results of the woman's tests.

Sperm analysis

Spermographic analysis is performed in elderly men, after undergoing sexually transmitted diseases or surgical operations on the genitals, or if male infertility is suspected.

When analyzing a spermogram, studies are performed, including:

Determination of color, composition and volume of semen.
Analysis of the number of spermatozoa, their structure and activity;
Microbiological studies for the presence of pathogenic microflora, leukocytes or erythrocytes.

A spermogram allows you to study the functioning of the reproductive organs of a man and draw a conclusion about his ability to conceive a child. Before conducting a semen analysis, a special regimen should be followed for 3-5 days, including:

Refusal of sleeping pills, narcotic or strong painkillers.
Abstinence from taking psychotropic drugs and antibiotics.
Refusal to use alcoholic, stimulating or tonic drinks.
Exclusion from the daily diet of foods such as seasonings, pickles, marinades, excessively spicy or salty foods.
Prevention of radiation exposure, hypothermia or overheating of the body.
Restriction of strength exercise.
Sexual abstinence.

In some cases, together with a spermographic study, an analysis of the secretion of the prostate gland is also performed.

Prostate secretion analysis

This study is performed with suspicion of possible inflammatory or infectious diseases of the genitourinary sphere of a man. The selection of the secret is made from the urethra by rectal massage of the prostate gland. The resulting material is subjected to microscopy in order to diagnose inflammatory processes and functional disorders of the gland. In addition, microbiological studies of the secret are carried out for the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, as well as the presence of blood fractions in it.