What to do when menstruation starts. How to deal with "these days" in school. Deviations from the norms of the menstrual cycle

The girl learns about menstruation either from her girlfriends or mother, or by chance, when critical days come to her in the puberty period.

If there is no bleeding yet, and the girl really wants to become an adult due to their regular presence, she may be interested in the question of how to cause the first menstruation. When to expect menarche and whether to accelerate the onset of this process, you will learn further.

Age norms for menstruation in girls

Puberty for girls begins at 9-12 years of age. At this time, the body undergoes major changes, and individual changes affect the hormonal background.

Girls in puberty are very sensitive and, in the absence of proper sex education, they believe that if there is no menstruation at 13, this is a serious deviation. The classic version of the onset of menarche is identified with the age of 12-14 years. But not uncommon today are earlier or later critical days that stained the laundry for the first time.

Too early or late discharge is explained by the physiological characteristics of development. With active body formation and intensive growth, they begin early. If the girl looks younger than her peers, bloody issues she will see later. This is not considered a deviation if the wait does not exceed 2 years.

A mother should definitely monitor her daughter's health and give timely information about sexual development. Too early menstruation, for example, at 9 years old, or late ones, which first began at 16 years old, require an immediate appeal to a pediatric gynecologist. The doctor will assess the situation and determine the cause of the anomaly.

But the specialist will not teach how to cause menstruation for the first time, since each organism develops individually. If there are no violations, menarche will come on time, when the reproductive system is fully ready to perform the menstrual function.

Attempts to independently cause menstruation at home are dangerous for the body. Having read articles for adult women, a teenage girl can significantly undermine her health. If an inflammatory process occurs in the reproductive system or a tumor develops, stupid intervention in one's own body will lead to severe bleeding, the formation of cysts, infertility and other complications.

The date of the first menstruation must be remembered. It determines the gynecological age of the girl. The doctor specifies the year of the onset of menstruation when diagnosing diseases, pregnancy and childbirth.

Harbingers of menarche

Regular rashes on the face.
Lower abdominal pain.
An ache in the lower back.
Enlargement of the mammary glands.
Clear discharge from the genital tract.
Irritability and vulnerability.
Nausea and loss of appetite.
Hair growth in the armpit and groin.
Beli (physiological discharge of pale yellow or white color).

Discomfort appears about six months before menarche. If several symptoms or all at once disturb a teenager, you should not think about how to induce the first menstruation at the age of 12 or a little later. Everything will happen at the right time.

If a girl has celebrated her 14th birthday, she has secondary sexual characteristics, she feels normal, but there is no menstruation yet, there is no need to worry.

If the mother and older sisters had a late menarche, you can wait a little longer, but lead an active lifestyle, rest a sufficient number of hours and eat well. It is important to learn not to succumb to stress from a young age.

If menstruation did not go before the age of 16 in the presence of secondary sexual characteristics, and the doctor testified to the normal development of the genital organs, the girl suffers from physiological amenorrhea. This condition is not pathological, it does not require medical intervention.

But if even after 16 years the critical days do not come, the teenager must be shown to the gynecologist and receive recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. The onset of menstruation at the age of 17 is considered late and pathological. At the discretion of the doctor, the patient may be prescribed - hormonal drug used for cycle disorders and delayed menstruation. You can’t drink pills without the knowledge of a specialist, because you can disrupt the hormonal background.

The physiological delay in menstruation in adolescents has various causes: sharp fluctuations in weight, obesity or excessive thinness, malnutrition, emotional and physical overload, stress, infectious and endocrine diseases. A certain role in the formation of the cycle is played by heredity.

How do girls get their first period

Physiological processes in different people flow differently. Menarche in girls can be at 11 years old and at 15, and this is not considered an anomaly. The duration of a normal menstrual cycle is 28-30 days. Sometimes the schedule is different - a girl faces critical days every 21 - 35 days. The duration of the cycle is affected by the amount of sex hormones.

They don't become right away. Several months in a row or even 1 - 2 years of bleeding may not be strictly according to the calendar.

You should not panic yet, because the body is only adapting to unusual conditions. If the time gap between the first and subsequent menstruation exceeds 3 months, or spotting goes on for more than 10 days, the child, along with his mother, should contact a gynecologist.

The menstrual process itself can be described as follows. As the body matures, the size of the uterus and ovaries increases. Inner part uterus is overgrown with endometrium. In the absence of pregnancy, this layer is rejected. If the girl is not sexually active, the egg remains unfertilized. The endometrium, designed to hold the placenta, becomes unnecessary. This is how monthly menstruation occurs, first appearing at the age of 12-13 years.

Consider several options for the course of menstruation, which can alert a girl:

Bloody discharge is observed within 5 days, but after a short time they reappear. Teens have a common problem. It does not require medical intervention, since the cycle is unstable at first and is affected by various factors - weather, colds, stress.
Menstruation lasts 2 weeks. Prolonged bleeding indicates minor abnormalities in the body, but is not a symptom of a serious illness. The first menstruation in a teenager can take a long time due to a serious restructuring of the body. Leaving the period of childhood, he learns to get rid of the mucous layer of the uterus.
Unpleasant smell of discharge. When exposed to air, menstrual flow acquires a fetid odor. At first they are thick and dark. This is the endometrium. The recommendation is to improve hygiene. Frequent washing intimate zone and the timely change of pads will save the girl from an unpleasant smell and increase self-confidence.

P.S. If, in connection with the onset of menstruation, a young girl has any questions, she must resolve them with her mother and gynecologist. It is important for a mother during menarche to gain the trust of her daughter and explain how growing up occurs.

The first menstruation for many young girls sometimes becomes a real shock and stress, and all because neither mother, nor sister, nor teachers at school - no one explains to young girls how to behave in this situation and what to do? It has already happened that in our country there is no sexual education as such. And our parents do not know that such things should be explained, and it is desirable to do this in great detail. In this article, we will look at the main actions that need to be taken for a girl who has her period for the first time in her life.

How was it - the first menstruation?

... My first menstruation began at the age of 11 and I don’t really want to remember this state. My stomach began to hurt very badly, I ran to the school toilet and saw a large amount of blood in the toilet bowl. I was very scared and didn't know what to do. It felt like something inside of me was torn apart. Napkins did not work to stop the blood, my panic grew. I imagined that a little more and I could die from blood loss.

When I got home, I told my mom that I was bleeding. She did not believe it, looked at the linen and said that it was just menstruation. But, I didn’t understand what it means - menstruation and how to stop the bleeding, because my mother never talked to me on this topic. The only thing she helped me then was she gave me a pack of pads and told me to put them in my panties.

The next day at school, my classmates gave me a book to read about menstruation, sex, and sexual development. Only then, I realized that my condition is normal and you should not be afraid of it. Moms, talk to your children about their sexual development, avoid common mistakes. (Olga, 13 years old).

Opinion of a gynecologist

Since the vast majority of girls do not know when their period should begin - what to do when the first bleeding occurs - what pads to use - how often to clean the genital tract - when the period ends, etc., we, as doctors -gynecologists are often faced with the fact that girls at the beginning of their first menstruation:

Video: Personal hygiene DURING MENSION for teenagers, girls. Monthly at school. menstruation what to do

They use not special pads, but rags (and, well, if they are clean) -
Not paying enough attention to genital hygiene
Afraid to tell mom about bleeding
When painful bleeding does not go to the hospital for help -
They are experiencing real stress from the fact that they are bleeding from the perineum.

The first menstruation - what to do?

So, you have started your first period and you don’t know what to do, and there is no person nearby who will advise and tell you. The first thing to remember is that when bleeding (menstruation), it is important to perform hygiene. Several times a day, and best of all, after each change of pads, warm water with big amount soap to wash the crotch and only after that put on a new gasket.

Video: If menstruation were a Human

Feel free to buy pads - they are sold absolutely everywhere, from supermarkets to pharmacies. Optimal pads will be those that have a gel layer, they are thin, not visible under clothing. Each pad differs in drops, which means the amount of blood they can absorb. 2 drops - for minor discharge, 4 drops - for medium discharge, 5 drops or more - for heavy menstruation.

Pads need to be changed every 3 hours, otherwise, the hygiene product starts to smell unpleasant, and is also a source of accumulation of pathogenic bacteria.

When you're on your period, it's best to avoid strenuous exercise. If you have a physical education lesson that day, then you don’t need to be shy - go up to the teacher and say that you have your period.

How long does menstruation last?

In gynecology, the standard menstrual cycle lasts approximately 28-30 days (sometimes more, sometimes less). The duration of menstrual bleeding ranges from 3 days to one week. If the menstruation lasts longer than this period, then, in this case, it is imperative to consult a gynecologist for advice.

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If menstruation does not come for 2 or more months, then this is also a cause for concern. This state of the body can indicate a number of inflammatory and infectious processes in a young girl. Of course, if a girl at that age has intimate life, you should not exclude the possibility of pregnancy.

What to do if the first menstruation is still missing?

If the first menstruation did not occur before the age of 14, then during this period it is still better to consult a doctor for additional advice. Perhaps this phenomenon is absolutely normal and does not need to be corrected in any way, or maybe the girl has experienced a hormonal failure in her body, which prevents menstruation from starting.

Some teenagers don't get their periods on time if they exhaust themselves with diets in an attempt to achieve supposed "perfection". How many stories that young girls of 14 years old bring themselves to a state of anorexia. Also, if the child is subject to constant stress, conflicts and other neuro-emotional states, then all this can provoke the non-occurrence of menstruation as such.

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The first menstruation for each girl is a rather important and significant event, which marks the beginning of a new period of development. The first menstruation indicates that the girl's body has reached the peak of puberty, and from that moment it is ready to perform reproductive function. Every girl who is in the pubertal phase, with impatience and some excitement, is waiting for the onset of menstruation. To dispel the excitement and fears of the girl, it is important to prepare her in time for the arrival of menstruation.

When does menses start?

The first time menstruation comes at the age of 11-14 years. It is impossible to establish and predict exactly when menstruation will occur, since this process is influenced by a huge number of different factors:

heredity;
physical development;
diet;
illnesses suffered in childhood;
emotional background;
experienced stressful situations;
sports;
the presence or absence of surgical interventions;
received injuries;
infectious diseases;
hypothermia;
inflammatory processes.

In most cases, menstruation begins between the ages of 11 and 14. But there are exceptions. For some, menstruation may begin 2 years earlier than the accepted norm, for others - later. This may be due to the following reasons:

endocrine disorders;
hereditary diseases;
hormonal disbalance;
past injuries, operations;
strong emotional upheaval.

If menstruation occurs much earlier or later than the due date, this is an occasion to consult with specialists.

It is necessary to contact both a gynecologist and an endocrinologist, who will help to establish the causes and, if necessary, prescribe the appropriate treatment. Timely treatment and the implementation of all the recommendations of doctors will ensure the proper functioning of the reproductive system and help to avoid many gynecological problems in the future.

The main signs of the onset of menstruation

Every girl's period starts differently. This is a purely individual process, depending on a large number of factors. However, the main signs of approaching menstruation are distinguished. These signs usually include:

pulling or aching pain in the lower abdomen;
weakness;
nausea;
frequent mood swings;
headache;
bouts of sadness, depression, despondency.

In some cases, the onset of menstruation can occur without any previous signs and symptoms. However, there are still some signs by which you can determine that the girl will soon begin menstruation:

A figure that acquires rounded shapes begins to look more feminine.
The circumference of the hips increases and becomes noticeable
Starts rapid growth of the mammary glands
There is darkening and enlargement of the nipples
The external genitalia also increase in size
Approximately 1 year before the onset of menstruation, a whitish discharge from the vagina is noted, designed to cleanse and moisturize it.
Intensive activity begins sebaceous glands, resulting in acne, pimples, skin irritation in the face, back, shoulders, chest.
The sweat glands are activated.

These and other signs may indirectly indicate the imminent onset of menstruation.

How is the first menstruation

For the first time, every girl's period is irregular and unstable. On the 1st day of the onset of menstruation, there are mild, mostly spotting discharges. And only on the 2-3rd day, discharge characteristic of menstruation can be noted. However, this does not happen for everyone. For most, the first menstruation is characterized only by spotting of a dark red or brownish color. Soreness is usually noted on the first day of menstruation.

The average duration of the first menstruation ranges from 3 to 5 days. And the period before the onset of the next menstruation is 27-30 days. It is worth noting that in most cases the menstrual cycle is established within six months. During this period, irregular periods with different durations are observed. Menstruation at this stage may not be every month. But if menstruation throughout the year comes irregularly, is delayed for 3-4 months, then it is necessary to consult with a gynecologist and endocrinologist. Since, in accordance with the norm, the menstrual cycle should stabilize within 3-6 months from the onset of menstruation. You should also see a doctor in the following cases:

if abundant discharge is noted;
if menstruation is very painful;
if the duration of menstruation is different every month.

The emotional state of the girl on critical days

Before the onset of menstruation, there are changes in emotional state. Girls become touchy, irritable, aggressive. There is an unreasonable change of mood. Emotional reactions to ongoing events become violent and sometimes unexpected.

Therefore, at this stage, it is important to psychologically support the girl. The emotional background in the family should be calm. It is necessary to try to protect the girl from stress, excessive anxiety and nervous tension.

Hygiene of a girl during menstruation

It is necessary even before the onset of menstruation to acquaint the girl with the rules of personal hygiene on critical days.

Hygiene procedures include frequent washing, timely replacement of hygiene products (pads). Doctors recommend changing the pad every 2-3 hours. But experts do not advise using tampons due to the incomplete formation of the genital organs, a high probability of injury and infection.

In addition, the girl should take a shower at least once a day.

It is strictly forbidden to take a bath during menstruation!

Nutrition for girls on critical days

It is also worth taking care of proper nutrition girls during menstruation. For the period of menstruation, it is recommended to refrain from consuming spicy, salty, smoked foods. You should limit the intake of sweets and carbonated drinks. This is justified by the fact that these products can cause additional spasms and pain in the gastrointestinal tract. Certain foods can thin the blood, resulting in profuse discharge.

It is advisable to consume cereals, potatoes, fish, chicken breast, fresh vegetables and fruits on critical days. You need to eat fully and regularly during menstruation. Fasting and dieting these days are unacceptable.

Since during menstruation there is a deficiency of protein, iron, calcium and other trace elements in the body, it is advisable to take vitamin and mineral complexes.

What else is important to know about the first menstruation

With the onset of menstruation, the girl should have a menstruation calendar in which to mark menstrual days every month. Such a calendar will allow you to visually track the menstrual cycle.

During menstruation, it is advisable to refrain from playing sports, active games, long walks. It is important to limit physical activity in general. On the 1st day of menstruation, it is even recommended to observe bed rest, especially in cases where critical days are accompanied by profuse discharge and severe pain.
On critical days, you should avoid taking medicines. Experts do not advise taking aspirin and preparations based on it during menstruation, as they contribute to blood thinning, which can lead to an increase in discharge and the duration of menstruation.
During the period of menstruation, you should not swim and sunbathe. This is due to the fact that on menstrual days the uterus is most vulnerable to the penetration of various kinds of infections.
It is necessary to avoid hypothermia, as this can result not only in increased discharge during menstruation and their soreness, but also in inflammatory processes of the uterine appendages.

Menstruation at school for girls is a real test. Even adult women at work during critical days feel uncomfortable. However, thanks to modern hygiene products, many problems are solved; staying at a school desk does not seem like a disaster.

The body begins to prepare for menstruation long before it begins. For 2 years, the girl has been plagued by hormonal fluctuations, mood swings, and abdominal pain. At the same time, secondary genital organs are formed - the chest grows, the hips are rounded, hair grows in the groin, armpit. The old girl gradually turns into a girl.

Periods begin between the ages of 14 and 16. In some cases, genetics accelerates puberty or slow down. Usually, the daughter's menstrual cycle repeats the features of the mother's menstruation. But not all girls communicate closely with their mothers, are privy to such intimate details. Therefore, the onset of menstruation can be completely unexpected.

According to school curriculum human physiology are taught in grades 9-10. And the topic of puberty is often left for independent study by teachers. This is a big minus. Since in modern youth, menstruation begins somewhat earlier than the due date. There is a situation when a girl at the age of 12 starts spotting, she has no idea what to do with it, to whom to run.

What to do if menstruation has begun

If bloody discharge from the genitals suddenly appeared, you need to tell the class teacher about this problem, take time off home. If the class teacher is a man, you can choose any female teacher to whom there is more confidence. Or ask a nurse for help.

Why do it?

Firstly, the first menstruation is very unpredictable. Very often, the girl develops weakness, dizziness, up to loss of consciousness. Increased pain in the abdomen, lower back. It is better to go through all this within the walls of your own home under the supervision of relatives and friends.
Secondly, if your head aches, your stomach hurts, other unpleasant symptoms occur, you will need medicines. Pain pill, antispasmodics, sedatives.
Third, adults will help solve the problem with the gasket.
If the girls feel unwell, the teachers will inform the parents, ask them to take their daughter home or take her to the walls of their home on their own.

If the period did not start for the first time. They just didn’t have time to get a gasket, you need to feel free to contact your classmates, the nurse. The class leader. There is nothing shameful in this delicate request, every woman can find herself in a similar situation.

How to behave so as not to leak

Modern hygiene products give more freedom, facilitate the difficult fate of the female on critical days. As a hygiene product, you can use tampons, pads. Experts insist on the use of gaskets. Depending on the amount of menstrual flow, a product with a greater, lesser degree of absorption is selected.

Gasket selected, used for its intended purpose. How to behave so as not to leak?

According to the rules of personal hygiene, it is necessary to change the gasket as it fills up, but at least after 2 hours with heavy discharge. Such a gap is necessary so that bacteria do not have time to multiply on the hygiene product. Since in the future they cause thrush, inflammation and other unpleasant consequences. It turns out that approximately every 2 lessons you need to visit the toilet, change the pad, monitor its condition. In this mode, the possibility of leakage is excluded.
Do not make sudden movements when changing positions. It can "flop" at the moment of getting up from a chair. For example, when they call to the board. It is necessary to rise slowly, as if checking how well the gasket is fixed. If it adheres well to the skin, the likelihood of leakage is excluded. If you feel that everything is not all right there, you should not sit down, ask to go out.
Take everything you need with you, go to the toilet.
If the gasket is designed for an average amount of discharge - 3 drops, and heavy periods have begun, you just need to change them more often.

There is nothing complicated! It is enough to choose the right tool, change the gaskets in a timely manner.

How to deal with pain

During menstruation, the head and stomach may ache. Pain comes in varying degrees of intensity. If it is tolerable, it is enough just to take a comfortable position, lightly massage the stomach, or whiskey, if the problem is in the head.

At home, you need to lie on your stomach or on your side in the fetal position, with your legs tucked under you. This position helps to relax the muscles of the uterus, relieves spasm. Pain subsides within 15 minutes.

To speed up the effect on the stomach, you can put a rubber heating pad with cold water or plastic bottle. Cold constricts blood vessels, stops bleeding. If the discharge is scarce, you can use a warm heating pad. Heat relieves spasm well.

Another way is to take a shower. This procedure relaxes nervous system, relieves stress, removes spasm, stops bleeding.

Physical education lessons and menstruation

What about physical education? The situation is ambiguous. Light physical exercises help to relax the muscles of the uterus, eliminate pain, and prevent its occurrence. That is, physical education facilitates the condition during menstruation. A slow, measured run has a good effect on the body.

It is forbidden:

You need to take care of your own health. If physical culture is not reflected unfavorably, stop all efforts.

Each girl's period is different. It is impossible to measure everyone with the same brush. During menstruation, the load on the kidneys, heart, brain, nervous system increases, the composition of the blood changes, pressure decreases, hemoglobin decreases. A lot of factors that worsen well-being, cause weakness, dizziness. Additional physical activity can exacerbate the situation. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to be based on your own well-being.

In every educational institution your lesson requirements. physical culture, different standards. Recently, there have been several cases where teenagers died in class. This suggests that the standards are not always drawn up correctly. It is better to limit yourself to a warm-up, light exercises. Postpone the release until another time.

Menstruation is a natural process female body laid down by genetics. There are certain rules of conduct these days, restrictions, recommendations. In order not to get into trouble, you must:

Always carry in a backpack, purse a gasket in reserve.
Keep No-shpu, Analgin, Valerian, Validol, Citramon with you. These are the main first aid remedies for menstruation. No-shpa relieves spasm, Analgin anesthetizes, Valerian calms, Validol eliminates dizziness, pain in the heart, Citramon raises blood pressure.

Ask to go home if necessary. It is better to miss a lesson than to get into an awkward situation, neglecting your own health.

Interesting video:

Minasyan Margarita

Almost all women keep a personal calendar to track their cycle and know when their period is due. But menstrual flow can begin earlier or later than the expected date. It’s good if the woman is at home, but even in such conditions, you can simply forget to buy an intimate hygiene product in advance. And here you need to know what to do if there are no gaskets.

What to do if there are no pads and menstruation has begun

Menstruation can start in the most unexpected place. It can be a street, a university, a job, a school, a restaurant. If you run out of pads, don't panic. Indeed, at the very beginning, menstrual flow is not too plentiful. Often it is enough to make an improvised remedy to get to the nearest pharmacy without leaks. And it's very easy if you know alternative methods used by our grandmothers. How to make a gasket from improvised material, read this article.

If your period started at school or any other place outside the home, you can use the following recommendations:

Toilet paper wound in several layers absorbs discharge during menstruation well, especially if the pads suddenly run out.
Napkins, a handkerchief or a clean piece of cloth are also used, but they will not last long. This method is suitable if menstruation is just beginning and the discharge is not plentiful.
For additional protection, you can use a piece of cellophane, on top of which cotton wool or a bandage is placed.

The best option is to ask a friend or any girl nearby for a remedy. If none of your friends have pads, don't hesitate to contact the school nurse. She will certainly tell you what to do and help you find the gasket.

Any of these options will help protect against leaks for a while and buy time to go to the pharmacy or supermarket.

Menstruation can begin at the most unexpected moment, so a woman should always be ready for such a situation. To avoid discomfort and difficulties, you must adhere to the following rules:

Keep a calendar. This will help to approximately predict the onset of menstruation. Even if everything starts almost on the same day of the month, an unforeseen situation can happen.
Daily pads. A few days before the onset of menstruation, it is worth wearing daily funds.
Dark clothing. It is undesirable to give preference to bright things if this very day is approaching.
Spare pair of panties. It does not hurt to carry an extra pair of underwear in your purse, which will be a real salvation in a critical situation.
Hygiene products in every bag. It often happens that a woman keeps spare pads in the main bag, but took another option with her. Therefore, it does not hurt to keep at least one product in every purse or backpack.

The most important rule is the timely replenishment of your stocks. If you see that the gaskets are running out, then you should not wait for the onset of critical days, but immediately go shopping.

Modern Alternative

If almost every girl knows about tampons, then it raises many questions. Pads may run out, but the latex cup is reusable. If menstruation began suddenly, she is always with you and will insure at the right time. There are also disposable bowls, but they are made of polyethylene.

Outwardly, the object resembles a bell: a tail for extracting the product and a container for menstrual flow. Has the following benefits:

easy to enter;
not felt in the vagina;
copes with a large amount of discharge;
allows you to save;
absent Negative influence on the microflora of the vagina.

Another alternative is that do not require the use of gaskets.

Menstruation may come unexpectedly, and pads may not be at hand. In this situation, the usual improvised materials will help, which is enough to go to the pharmacy. Pads are not the only means of intimate hygiene, but a woman should make her own choice, based on personal preferences.