The sebaceous glands work hard what to do. Violation of the sebaceous glands and methods of treatment. Treatment of sebaceous plugs at home

Sebaceous glands are involved in the process with very common skin diseases - acne (acne) and seborrhea.

The sebaceous glands develop from the epithelium of the hair follicles and in most cases open into the hair follicles. The glands of the vermilion border of the lips, the vulva, and the meibomian glands of the eyelids have lost contact with the hair follicles and open directly to the outside. The secret of the sebaceous glands is a mixture of epidermal lipids produced by the cells of the spiny layer and lipids synthesized in the sebaceous glands themselves. Sebum, which covers the entire surface of the skin (“lipid mantle”), makes the skin elastic and actively participates in its protection from external stimuli, including microorganisms, fungi and viruses. The sebaceous glands are located everywhere on the skin, with the exception of the palms and soles. The maximum density of the glands, reaching 400-900 per 1 cm 2, is on the face (nose, nasolabial triangle, forehead), on the scalp, on the back between the shoulder blades, on the upper chest. These places are called seborrheic (from lat. sebum- lard and Greek rheσ - current).

11.1. acne

Acne is a multifactorial disease, in the pathogenesis of which an important role is played by a violation of the production and composition of sebum, the presence of Propionibacterium acnes in the sebaceous glands and their ducts, changes in the hormonal status and keratinization of the follicular canal, as well as hereditary factors. The sebaceous glands are a target for dihydrotestosterone, which makes the production of sebum androgen-dependent. Sex steroid hormones through specific androgen receptors affect the mitotic activity of epidermal cells, hair growth and sebum secretion. In girls, testosterone of ovarian origin and progesterone, which has androgenic and antiestrogenic activity, play a pathogenetic role. This explains the increase in sebum secretion and increased manifestations of acne before menstruation. Staphylococci, corynebacteria, propionibacteria cause inflammation of the duct of the sebaceous gland. However, the severity of inflammation depends not only on the absolute number of microorganisms involved in the inflammatory process, but also on the individual hypersensitivity of the macroorganism to the microflora.

Violation of keratinization in the follicle leads to the expansion of its excretory duct and the formation of an open (black) comedone. Zaku-

flogging the excretory duct of the sebaceous gland with its own secret and keratinized epithelium - a closed (white) comedon promotes reproduction Propionibacterium acne, being an anaerobe. Lipase P. acnes hydrolyses sebum triglycerides to form free fatty acids that increase inflammation.

Acne can be caused by endogenous as well as exogenous causes. These include: mechanical, medicinal, cosmetic, tropical and other types of acne.

Acneiform dermatoses include rosacea, demodicosis, perioral dermatitis, keloid acne.

The American Academy of Dermatology in 1990 proposed criteria for the classification of acne.

acne types:

Non-inflammatory acne: open or closed comedones:

Inflammatory acne: papules, pustules, nodes, cysts;

Papules: inflammatory elements less than 5 mm in diameter;

Pustules: inflammatory elements less than 5 mm in diameter with a visible purulent core;

Nodes: inflammatory elements with a diameter of more than 5 mm. According to the severity of the flow:

Mild form: from single to several papules or pustules with comedones, but without nodes;

Moderate form: from several to multiple papules or pustules with single or several nodes;

Severe form: numerous papules, pustules, nodes with purulent or serous-hemorrhagic secretions, passages;

Very severe form: conglobate, fulminant, inverse acne.

clinical picture. The initial manifestations of acne are comedones, resulting from blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands. Further development of the inflammatory process leads to the formation of papular, pustular or papulo-pustular elements (Fig. 28). At this stage of inflammatory changes, when the structures of the dermis remain intact, resolution of the elements without scar formation is possible. When merging and spreading deep into the foci, they can thicken, infiltrate or abscess, leaving behind depigmented scars that give the skin a pitted, variegated relief.

In addition to the usual ones, there are globular acne(acne conglobata). They are large, with a pronounced infiltrate located in the deep layers of the dermis and in the subcutaneous fatty tissue. Quite often, such eels merge with each other, as if piling up one on top of the other, form extensive infiltrates with an uneven, bumpy surface - conglobate acne (Fig. 29). An abscess (acne abscess) may form in the center of some acne. In place of such acne, scars remain, sometimes disfiguring the face. Acne conglobata is a serious disease, they can be localized not only in seborrheic areas, but also on the skin of the back, abdomen, and even extremities.

Acne lightning(acne fulminans)- a rare and severe form of the disease that occurs mainly in adolescent boys. Suddenly, on the skin of the trunk (but not on the face!) Pustular and rapidly ulcerating papular elements appear, resembling ulcerative necrotic pyoderma. Skin manifestations are accompanied by general phenomena: fever up to 38 ° C and above, pain in muscles and joints, loss of appetite.

Acne inversion associated with damage to the apocrine sweat glands located in the armpits and perineum. The disease is provoked by friction with tight clothing and the use of antiperspirants that block the excretory ducts of the sweat glands and hair follicles with anaerobes contained there. Tuberous and painful infiltrates are formed, opening with the release of pus and forming fistulous passages.

Treatment. Mild acne can usually be treated with topical treatments.

Rice. 28. Acne vulgaris (papulo-pustular form)

Rice. 29. Acne conglobate

Previously popular alcohol solutions with salicylic acid and resorcinol have given way to modern remedies. Zinerite lotion (erythromycin-zinc complex) combines antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and comedolytic action, while zinc reduces the production of sebum. Benzoyl peroxide (5-10%) releases oxygen and has a bactericidal effect against P. asnes. Azelaic acid (skinoren) has a complex effect: it reduces inflammation in the sebaceous gland, inhibits the reproduction of microorganisms in it and inhibits hyperkeratization of the hair follicle wall.

With moderate and especially severe acne, treatment should be comprehensive. The most effective drugs of the tetracycline series, prescribed for a period of 2 weeks to 3-4 months. The patient should be warned about the photosensitizing effect of the antibiotic and about stopping treatment during pregnancy and lactation. The most effective remedy is isotretinoin (13 cis-retinoic acid) - a synthetic derivative of vitamin A. The course of treatment lasts 4-5 months under medical supervision and with regular monitoring of blood biochemical parameters. The drug should not be administered to pregnant women, nursing mothers, persons with increased level blood triglycerides and cholesterol.

Adverse reactions - teratogenic effect, dry skin and lips, reversible hair loss. During treatment, women should use reliable contraceptives, which themselves have a sebo-static effect. Antiandrogen therapy (spironolactone and cyproterone acetate) is used both in women with high blood testosterone levels and hirsutism, and in men. The drugs do not cause gynecomastia and a decrease in libido in men.

For local treatment, antibiotics are prescribed: clindamycin and erythromycin, alternating them with retinoids (tretinoin). This vitamin A derivative reduces the thickness of the stratum corneum and reduces the adhesion of keratinocytes in the sebaceous glands, which reduces inflammation and improves the penetration of other therapeutic agents. However, the effect is noticeable not earlier than after 4-6 weeks. Adapalene in the form of a 0.1% gel has a comedolytic, exfoliating effect. For achievement clinical effect long-term (up to 3 months) daily application of the gel 2 times a day is necessary.

11.2. Rosacea

These acne often occur in women over 40 years of age, as well as those with pathology. gastrointestinal tract and have a chronic course.

Etiology and pathogenesis. In the pathogenesis of the disease, an important role belongs to the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, hypertension, genetic predisposition, especially in people with fair and thin skin. Iron gland plays a certain role in the pathogenesis of rosacea. (demodex folliculorum), very common in this disease. However, these ticks cannot be considered as an etiological factor. The onset of the disease creates favorable conditions for the life of the tick, which is an optional saprophyte. Iron gland deepens the course of the disease: burning and itching often appear.

clinical picture. Elements are localized mainly in the area of the skin of the cheeks, nose, forehead, chin; the conjunctiva may be affected. Eye damage is manifested by photophobia, conjunctivitis, keratitis.

The disease begins with a slight erythema, aggravated by the intake of spicy and hot food, alcoholic beverages. Then the erythema becomes persistent, acquires a bluish-red color, which gradually weakens towards the periphery. Telangiectasias appear (erythematous stage, or rosacea). In some patients, such erythema persists for many years. The foci can merge with each other. Against the background of congestive erythema, small nodules of a dense consistency often appear, in the center of which a pustule forms after some time (papulo-pustular stage) (Fig. 30). The nodules may merge, resulting in a bumpy appearance of the skin of the face. When the process is localized in the nose area, tumor-like formations of a soft consistency may appear. The skin above them is purple, with gaping mouths of hair follicles, when pressed, a fatty mass (rhinophyma, or pineal nose) is released from them. In some patients, diascopy of persistent papular elements reveals a yellow-brown color, which resembles the symptom of "apple jelly" in lupus erythematosus (lupoid rosacea).

Rice. thirty. Rosacea

Rosacea affects not only the eyelids, but also the eyes, including blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, which in advanced cases can lead to serious complications and even blindness.

Diagnostics. Differential diagnosis is carried out with discoid lupus erythematosus, perioral dermatitis and acne vulgaris. In contrast to rosacea, with lupus erythematosus, there are erythematous foci of various sizes with clear boundaries, slightly infiltrated, covered with tightly-fitting scales, with skin atrophy. Acne vulgaris appears in adolescence, nodules form on the oily skin of the face, from which a pustule quickly forms with an inflammatory reaction around. In large quantities there are comedones - blackheads; telangiectasias are absent. The process, in addition to the face, can be localized on the chest and back.

Similar in clinical manifestations to rosacea is perioral or periorificial dermatitis, which occurs more often in women. The skin of the face is affected, usually around the mouth or in the area of \u200b\u200bthe wings of the nose, on the eyelids (periorificial dermatitis). With this disease, against the background of dim and unsharply limited hyperemia, nodules with a diameter of 1-3 mm appear. In the center of some nodules, a small pustule is formed, upon opening of which serous-purulent exudate is released, then peeling appears. The process lasts a long time, often aggravated by the use of various creams and ointments. Glucocorticoid ointments, especially those containing fluorine, first create the appearance of improvement, and then complicate the course of the disease.

The etiology and pathogenesis of these dermatitis have not been fully elucidated. A certain role in the occurrence of perioral dermatitis is played by long-term use of glucocorticoid drugs, the use of creams, makeup, lotion, etc. It is possible that formaldehyde, which is part of many cosmetics as a preservative, causes dermatitis. The use of fluorine-containing corticosteroid ointments, which reduce the bactericidal properties of the skin, creates prerequisites for the reproduction of the glandular gland, the role of which in the pathogenesis of many cases of perioral dermatitis is undeniable.

Treatment. Elimination of causative factors, endocrine disorders, disorders of the stomach and liver, normalization of stool, non-irritating diet, prohibition of alcohol, hot drinks, spicy foods. The main drugs are tetracycline antibiotics administered orally (doxycycline 100 mg/day for several months). Metronidazole is quite effective

Of the physiotherapeutic methods, cryomassage and electrocoagulation are used. It is recommended to exclude factors that contribute to the expansion of the blood vessels of the skin of the face: avoid exposure to cold, sunlight, exclude spicy and hot foods, alcoholic beverages. The treatment is effective with the simultaneous treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in patients, endocrine disorders in women in menopause. All this, as well as the rejection of the use of decorative cosmetics and corticosteroid ointments, is the prevention of recurrence of rosacea and the occurrence of perioral dermatitis.

With rhinophyma, surgical excision of hypertrophic growths is performed with a scalpel, thermocautery or cutter. In the initial period, freezing of carbonic acid with snow and diathermocoagulation with a hair electrode are effective.

If you have oily skin type on your face, then a lot of fat is released through the skin ducts. Those who do not regularly cleanse the skin with lotions, facial cleansers, do not make cleansing masks, do not steam the skin and do not remove acne are at risk. Soon the pores will become clogged and acne will appear in places on the skin. The secretion of excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands must be stabilized. Especially, their active work is typical for teenagers, but acne also occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. What measures to take to reduce the activity of the secret produced by the sebaceous glands? In addition to external skin care, take care of proper nutrition, drink, in addition to boiled, mineral and filtered water from wells, take a shower daily.

If you have too oily skin on your face, pay attention to whether your metabolism is correct, are there any vegetative-vascular dystonia or malfunctions in the hormonal system, or maybe your kidneys are sick? When you find out in which organs there are malfunctions and engage in their targeted treatment, then the skin condition will improve. There will be less secretion of fat from the sebaceous glands.

Many do not understand that if doctors advise not to eat a lot of fried, smoked, salty or fatty marinades, then you need to listen. Otherwise, over time, failures in the work of internal organs occur. The body is slagged and more toxins are released through the skin. So sebaceous plugs appear in the ducts, and then acne ripens. Enter into the diet more salads from a variety of vegetables, eat fruits, boil meat with fish. Now you know what products to use. So, less fat will be secreted in the sebaceous glands, and your physical activity at the expense balanced nutrition will increase.

If you have oily skin, make sure to cleanse it at least once a week. Any high-quality scrub is suitable for this. Often it contains fruit acids, which contribute to the cleansing of pores. Use a facial cleanser or gel in the morning. You can also use baby soap, and then wipe the skin with a cotton swab dipped in lotion. A tonic, a clay mask (suitable for black, with white and red) has a good effect on the condition of the sebaceous glands. After it, the secretion of fat on the skin can be significantly reduced.

Causes

Let us consider in more detail the reasons why there is an excessive secretion of fat from the sebaceous glands on the skin:

-You are in your teens, active puberty, which means hormonal changes throughout the body.
- Hereditary predisposition. Oily skin type in one of the parents or both.
Your metabolism is wrong now.
-Used various low-quality and cheap cosmetics.
-Eat a lot of sweet, too fatty, like spicy with spices.
-Gastrointestinal tract in poor condition, some organs require therapy.
- You have recently taken medications that cause excess sebum production on the skin.
- Often experience stress.
- The liver is sick and urgently needs treatment.

If you want your body to work without failures, take care of your skin. If it is clean, well-groomed, some of the toxins are removed from the body through sweat.

For normal functioning of the sebaceous glands you must not only eat right, but also train them:

-After washing your face in the morning or evening, pat your face with clean hands. 2-3 minutes is enough. So you activate blood flow to the skin and the sebaceous glands will better feed on blood, through blood vessels.
-If you do not have heart problems, visit saunas with your family or friends at least once a month. Not exactly sure what condition your “main motor” is in? Go see a cardiologist and ask for a referral for a cardiogram.
- In the morning and in the evening you can take a contrast shower. The sebaceous glands are activated and will work more moderately, evenly releasing fat.
-Many doctors recommend a special talker. This effective remedy that expands the pores. Sebaceous plugs come out on their own. Ask for it in pharmacies, where some mixtures are prepared on their own. It is quite accessible and inexpensive.

What foods damage the sebaceous glands

Consider, using what, you aggravate the condition of the skin:

-Alcohol. If you abuse alcoholic beverages of any strength, this can provoke spasms in the excretory ducts. The sebaceous glands can become clogged and lipomas or wen appear.
-Discard foods that can be stored for a long time. They have too many preservatives. They have a bad effect on the functioning of the sebaceous glands.
- Sweets with muffin. If you love sweet and starchy foods, then you risk disrupting the glands that excrete the secret. After eating these products, the production of fat on the skin increases, the skin begins to shine. Then there are sebaceous plugs in the ducts and eels ripen.

Read also: Why do eyebrows fall out? What to do and how to treat

This can be normalized both with drugs and with the help of folk remedies. Before buying and using any medicine, consult your doctor or read the instructions carefully.

Folk recipes

To narrow pores reduce the work of the sebaceous glands, use a decoction with horsetail. Requires 1 tbsp. l. horsetail in dry form, finely crushed pour water - 1 cup. Then boil for 20 minutes. on a small fire. Cool the finished broth, strain through gauze or large bandages folded several times. Dip a cotton pad into it and apply it to enlarged, clogged pores. The procedure will take 15 minutes. Do it 2 times a day.

Wash with gel or foam, baby soap, and then rinse your face with calendula tincture: 1 tsp. plants in a dry crushed form, pour 1 cup of boiling water. The antiseptic properties of calendula will not allow inflammation to spread to the face and other parts of the body.

Over the weekend, take a steam bath for your face. Boil a pot of potatoes, knead it a little, sit over it, cover yourself with a large terry towel and let your face steam out. The pores will open and black acne will come out on its own. It remains to wrap your finger in a bandage, moisten it with peroxide and wipe problem areas (forehead, nose, chin) to remove greasy plugs.

To normalize the metabolism, and so that the secret from the sebaceous ducts in women is less, drink brewer's yeast. Buy them at a pharmacy or in a supermarket. Well-established, taken orally, a decoction of burdock root. Buy it at the pharmacy. Requires 2 tbsp. l. Put on the bottom of the pan and pour 2 cups of boiling water. Let it cook on low heat for about 20 minutes. Leave it on the stove all night. In the morning, strain and divide into 4 equal parts. Drink 1 during the day before meals. So, normalize the work of the glands that produce fat.

Diseases of the sebaceous glands, such as oily seborrhea, acne and redheads, are not only a cosmetic defect, but also a serious problem. As a result of the hyperactivity of the gland, shine appears on the skin, small droplets of fat accumulations appear, fatty ducts expand, blockage of pores, inflammation, and acne occur.

Increased production of fat by the sebaceous glands common problem faced both during the transitional period and throughout life. Experts associate the disease with external and internal factors.

The most common causes of acne are internal causes:

Hormonal disbalance. In adolescence, this is associated with puberty. In adults, increased sebum secretion is associated with increased production of the male sex hormone - testosterone. The cause of the problem is polycystic or ovarian dysfunction. The hormone progesterone also affects skin problems.
genetic predisposition. In case of skin problems in parents or in the family, children also have a chance of increased activity of the sebaceous glands. Heredity is associated with congenital disorders in the functioning of the epithelium, deformation of the sebaceous glands, and excessive production of testosterone.
Chronic diseases. Hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands indicates violations in the work of internal organs. Common causes are malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract, gastritis, dysbacteriosis, adrenal diseases, cholelithiasis, infectious inflammation in the body, and disorders of the autonomic system.

External causes include harmful factors environment, as well as features of life and skin care:

Cosmetic products. The wrong choice of basic skin care products leads to deterioration of the skin condition. The excessive use of products containing alcohol, oils, glycerin, and frequent scrubbing negatively affect the epidermis.
Violation of hygiene rules. Improper skin care: infrequent or excessive cleansing, frequent use of nutritious products and scrubbing lead to reduced natural protection and acid-base imbalance.
Wrong nutrition. An unbalanced diet, including foods containing fats, simple carbohydrates, iodine, leads to disruption of the digestive system, dysbacteriosis, changes in skin condition. Lack of vitamins also provokes the development of skin diseases.
Environmental impact. The work of the sebaceous glands is affected by external factors: frostbite, dry air in the room, frequent exposure to ultraviolet rays.

General principles of treatment

Violation of the sebaceous glands requires an integrated approach and an accurate determination of the cause that caused the development of the pathology.

Experts distinguish 3 degrees of severity of the problem:

mild - expressed in increased skin luster and local acne;
medium - expressed in blockage of pores, acne formation, inflammation of skin areas;
severe - the inflammatory process is clearly expressed, covers large areas of the skin.

Treatment depends on the severity of the problem. In most cases, it is enough to change the principles of skin care and competent selection of cosmetic products.

General therapy for disorders of the sebaceous glands is carried out in several areas:

Comprehensive examination and treatment of chronic diseases. The patient needs to undergo an examination and identify the existing violations in the work of internal organs. Drug therapy is aimed at eliminating foci of inflammation, normalizing the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys, and improving the body's metabolic processes.
Power correction. The patient is advised to follow proper diet nutrition. Fried and fatty foods, alcohol, carbonated drinks, semi-finished products are completely excluded from it. Preference is given to fresh vegetables, fruits, slow carbohydrates.

Vitamin therapy. Vitamin complexes are added to the diet. Particular attention is paid to vitamins A, E, B, C, D.
Skin care. To reduce the symptoms of inflammation, it is important to choose the right cosmetic products for basic care. It includes anti-inflammatory alcohol-free lotions, creams and gels with light textures. From decorative cosmetics, matte products are used.
Medical therapy. It involves the use of drugs with antiseptic, antimicrobial, keratolytic or antibacterial action.

How to get rid of sebaceous glands: drug treatment

Medical treatment is necessary in case of moderate or severe disease. The selection of drugs is made only by a specialist, depending on the underlying causes.

Medical therapy includes the following:

the use of local preparations;
antibacterial treatment;
normalization hormonal background.

Features of local therapy

Experts identify several groups of drugs that have shown high efficiency when applied topically.

Preparations with retinoic acid. Means help to reduce the inflammatory process, normalize the work of the sebaceous glands. Adapalene is considered the optimal drug. The tool is used once a day, has a cumulative effect. Requires long-term use.
Antimicrobials. Antimicrobial treatment is prescribed when papules and pustules appear. As drugs for topical use, Proderm, Eclaran, Azelik, Skinoren, Zerkalin, Dalacin are used. The drugs are used 1-2 times a day.
Combined drugs. The main advantage of this product line is an integrated approach and extended action. The composition includes several active components that allow you to solve the problem. Of the most effective, Isotrexin, Klenzit, Zinerit are isolated.

Antibacterial therapy

In difficult cases, with violations of the sebaceous glands, a bacterial infection may join. In such situations, the use of antibiotic therapy is required.

According to studies, bacteria have the least resistance to tetracycline antibiotics and macrolides. In the case of purulent inflammations that provoke malfunctions of the sebaceous glands, Erythromycin, Josamycin, Dixycycline, Metacycline or Oxytetracycline are prescribed.

To relieve the symptoms of hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands on the face, it is necessary to conduct a full course of treatment, it ranges from 5 to 10 days. Antibacterial treatment is not allowed to be interrupted. The reason for stopping the drug may be individual intolerance to the active substance. Dosage and treatment regimen is prescribed only by a specialist.

hormone therapy

Treatment of the sebaceous glands hormone therapy It is possible only after the delivery of laboratory tests and consultation with a gynecologist.

For therapy, drugs are selected that allow you to adjust the hormonal background of a woman. In most cases, these are hormonal contraceptives. They are produced in the form of tablets, rings, applicators, implants. Correction with contraceptives is possible only if the woman does not intend to have children in the next six months.

In the case of pregnancy planning, cyclic hormone therapy is prescribed. It involves the use of estrogens at the beginning of the cycle and progesterone in its second half.

Salon methods for solving the problem

The increased separation of the sebaceous glands allows you to treat both cosmetic products and salon methods. They are prescribed if necessary, exposure to the deeper layers of the epidermis.

Salon procedures are prescribed after a comprehensive examination and are an effective addition to medical treatment.

Have you begun to notice shine, increased fat content, peeling, redness of the skin on the face, which intensify every day and become more pronounced? Are you struggling with this defect, but the problem is only getting worse? Perhaps you have seborrhea. What kind of disease it is, what causes it, how it is treated, what consequences it threatens, as well as other interesting, useful information you will find in our article.

What information will you learn:

What is seborrhea

Seborrhea on the face occurs with an unstable hormonal level

Seborrhea is a dermatological disease in which the functioning of the sebaceous glands is disrupted.

Most often, pathology occurs during puberty, when the hormonal level in the body is not stable.

There are the following types of seborrhea:

oily;
dry;
mixed.

These varieties of the disease have their own symptoms that require competent and professional treatment.

To successfully get rid of the pathology, you should seek help from a dermatologist who will accurately determine the type of seborrhea and select the correct individual medication.

What causes the development of the disease

The causes of seborrheic dermatitis are the following factors:

a decrease in the body's immune defenses as a result of a reduced level of hemoglobin or beriberi;
disturbed balance of sex hormones;
dysfunction of the digestive tract;
liver diseases, as a result of which insufficient blood filtration occurs;
bacteria, fungi or viruses that penetrate the pores of the skin;
psycho-emotional overload and constant stress;
malfunctions of the endocrine glands and the endocrine system;
diabetes;
obesity of the body, causing disruption of the activity of many organs and systems;
malnutrition with the abuse of fatty, fried, spicy and sweet foods;
insufficient or illiterate care of their skin type, in which very often patients use compounds that dry out the skin surface, to which the dermis reacts with even more sebum secretion.

Types of seborrhea

This disease can manifest itself differently on the skin depending on the type of seborrheic dermatitis.

Oily seborrhea of the face is characterized by the following features:

increased secretion of fat, when the epidermis becomes oily, shiny, shiny, the pores increase in size, and the quality of the sebum changes;
comedones, formed as a result of blockage of the follicles when dirt and dust are attached, in the form of black dots;
acne, blackheads, after which scars and scars remain on the skin;
abscesses provoked by acne along with microorganisms and bacteria that have fallen into a nutritious, fatty environment;
cysts (atheromas) that appear in places of opened abscesses due to increased production and accumulation of fatty secretion;
greasy hair on the head, starting to shine within a few hours after washing it. They become sticky, oily (especially at the roots), large dandruff is formed that adheres tightly to the hairs.

Dry seborrhea is characterized by:

excessively dry epidermis due to a decrease or complete cessation of sebum production, in which the face is not equipped with a natural lubricant that protects it from drying out;
peeling, redness, itching and roughness of the skin, when the epidermis begins to crack due to increased dryness, followed by the appearance of characteristic scales;
fine dandruff forms on the head in its hairy part, easily crumbling and covering the shoulders when moving. Most often, the hair begins to fall out intensively, because, having lost the necessary fatty lubrication, they become unnecessarily brittle.

With dry seborrhea, the affected area is flaky and inflamed.

Symptoms of mixed seborrhea are called:

the presence of both dry and oily areas on the face, which are characterized by all the above signs;
joint neighborhood of oily and dry seborrhea on the same area of the face (rare).

What should be the diet

The type of food consumed by a person directly affects the condition of his skin, so it is very important to follow a balanced diet with the inclusion in the diet:

oat bran, the main advantage of which is the ability to bind and remove harmful toxins and decay products remaining on the intestinal walls, poisoning the entire body, contributing to the deterioration of the skin surface;
your menu should consist of cereals, milk soups without meat broth, boiled or steamed fish, poultry, beef, fermented milk products, fresh, raw vegetables and fruits. They contain valuable vitamins, microelements, as well as fiber, which absorbs all harmful metabolic products and quickly removes them from the body;
minimize the amount of salt, spicy foods, sweets and spices that provoke the production of a large amount of sebum;
Replace butter with vegetable oil (sunflower, linseed or olive oil).

Make sure you have regular bowel movements. Constipation, especially prolonged, ensures the entry into the blood of putrefactive substances, decomposition products, which are delivered to the skin through the bloodstream.

Ointments for the treatment of seborrhea

Please note that only a dermatologist should prescribe the ointment after examining the skin and identifying the type of seborrheic dermatitis, since only in this case the treatment will be really effective.

Here are the names of the most common drugs for general information:

5% sulfur-salicylic ointment, used in the form of a bandage with a bandage, a dense layer of the product, applied and fixed on problem areas of the skin. It must be changed once a day;
zinc ointment, which perfectly dries the skin, regulates the production of sebum, eliminates inflammation, helps to quickly get rid of acne due to a pronounced antiseptic and regenerating effect;
hydrocortisone ointment with hormonal action, usually prescribed for weeping seborrheic dermatitis, which is characterized by the formation of redness, severe peeling of the skin with the release of a liquid yellowish exudate. This composition should be used very carefully, gradually reducing the applied dose of the drug, since abrupt cancellation can lead to an aggravation of the disease;
ketoconazole, related to antifungal agents. It kills candida fungi and helps in the treatment of both dry and oily seborrhea caused by these types of pathogens;
salicylic paste, which quickly eliminates inflammation, inhibits the growth of bacteria, microbes, dries, whitens the skin surface and promotes its rapid renewal;
lamisil, based on an antibacterial and antifungal component, which is effective against yeast microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci);
cream "flucinar", containing an active active ingredient called flucinol acetonide, which has a powerful antiseptic and anti-itching effect on the skin. In addition, it quickly eliminates redness of the epidermis, therefore it is used for the complex treatment of any type of seborrhea;
cream "beolosalik", which is a combination drug with betamethasone and salicylic acid, which perfectly copes with all kinds of inflammatory reactions. It is prescribed for the treatment of dry seborrheic dermatitis.

Folk methods of treatment

Traditional medicine offers a wide range of natural-based remedies, which, in combination with well-prescribed therapeutic, drug treatment, will contribute to the speedy recovery and healing of the epidermis.

Mix 100 milliliters of ordinary table vinegar and purified water. Pour 20 grams of fresh nettle leaves crushed into gruel with this solution. Put the composition on the fire and boil over low heat for 20 minutes. Then remove from heat, cool, strain and wipe the problem areas of the face with oily seborrhea twice a day with a cotton pad soaked in this decoction;
chop the leaves and stems of fresh St. John's wort into a homogeneous mass, squeeze the juice slightly and boil a little (about 15 - 20 minutes). Cool the mass and mix it with soft butter in a ratio of 2: 1, where the first number is grass, and the second is the fat base. This ointment will help with the dry form of seborrheic dermatitis;
a decoction of calendula (marigold) is effective for mixed seborrhea, as it relieves inflammation, redness, itching and normalizes sebum secretion. They should wipe the affected areas of the skin 2 times a day.

Video: Treatment of oily seborrhea on the face

Get well and be beautiful!

Increased oily skin worries many girls who are thinking about how to normalize the sebaceous glands. This problem is not only a cosmetic defect, but also a sign of diseases in the body.

The sebaceous glands are located throughout the human body. In the area of the face, forehead, nasolabial triangle, on the head, their work is most active. As a result of improper functioning of the sebaceous glands, excess fat is produced on the face. Excess fat provokes the formation acne, give the skin an ugly shine and create other problems.

The main reasons causing increased fat secretion, experts include both internal and external factors.

Hormonal disbalance. Hormonal disturbances or changes in their levels during puberty increase the activity of the glands. In women in adulthood, this is noted in the second half of the menstrual cycle.
UV exposure. According to the research of modern scientists, under the influence of direct ultraviolet radiation disruption of the sebaceous glands. Upper layer the skin thickens, which leads to clogged pores and the appearance of cosmetic defects.

Disruption of the immune system. Increased production of fat on the skin of the face contribute to thyroid disease, diabetes, ovarian dysfunction, overweight.
Wrong nutrition. The presence in the menu of fatty foods, fast food leads to disruption of the digestive tract and increased production of fat by the sebaceous glands.
Wrong care. Non-compliance with the rules of hygiene, the selection of cosmetic products that are not suitable for the type of skin, lead to increased oiliness of the skin.

To restore the normal functioning of the glands allows an integrated approach to the problem.

Diet to normalize the functioning of the glands

Changing the diet is the first thing to do to reduce the activity of the sebaceous glands.

The following foods should be excluded from the diet:

carbonated drinks;
alcoholic products;
fatty, fried, spicy;
smoked and canned foods;
products containing dyes, flavors and flavor enhancers;
bakery and confectionery products;
strong coffee and black tea.

On the menu at more the following products must be present:

fresh vegetables and fruits according to the season;
dairy and dairy products;
cottage cheese;
lean meat;
cereal porridge.

The condition of the skin is positively affected by the use of red fish, sauerkraut, fresh herbs, nuts. From drinks are recommended green tea, herbal decoctions, pure water.

Effective pharmaceutical preparations

Pharmaceutical products differ in a wide variety both in terms of the principle of action and in price category.

When choosing cosmetics that allow you to improve the condition of the skin, experts recommend using products from the same series.

La Roche Posay. The company offers products to reduce the activity of the sebaceous glands. At the moment it is a favorite among similar products. Thermal water is the main ingredient. The brand produces a wide range of products that improve the functioning of the sebaceous glands and reduce skin greasiness. Of these, there is a Cleanser - Effaclar Gel and a special mask Effaclar to control the production of fat and narrow pores. Also in the series is a preparation for skin toning, makeup removal and moisturizing.

Avene. Another popular company that produces a wide range of products for oily skin. The most famous remedy is the Cleanance gel. It is suitable for young skin prone to acne. In addition to it, there is a sebum-regulating cream.

Vichy. Well-known cosmetics for the care of problematic and oily skin. The company has released a separate line of products that restore the functioning of the sebaceous glands - Normaderm. It consists of a washing gel, mask, lotion, day cream.

Retinoic ointment. A drug for a quick effect. Differs in low cost. Apply to problem areas twice a day. Effective for acne and rashes, normalizes the sebaceous glands. The course of application is no more than 1 week.

In case of acne caused by clogged pores, Zinc, Salicylic ointment, Chlorhexidine, Salicylic-zinc paste, Aspirin tablets, vitamins A, E effectively help.

How to reduce fat formation on the face: folk methods

Not only the pharmaceutical preparation has a positive effect on the functioning of the sebaceous glands. At home, decoctions of medicinal herbs and recipes from natural ingredients allow you to restore the condition of the skin.

Clay mask. The recipe uses grape puree and 2 teaspoons of clay (white, blue or pink). The ingredients are combined and applied to cleansed skin. Leave to dry completely, then remove with warm water.

Decoction of medicinal herbs. For daily use, prepare a decoction of herbs. Chamomile, calendula, horsetail are brewed in a glass of water. The resulting decoction is wiped or rinsed with a face. Medicinal herbs relieve inflammation, improve complexion, narrow pores. In addition to rinsing, the decoction is used to make ice cubes that rub the skin.

Nettle compress. For cooking, use a tablespoon of dry nettle in a glass of boiling water. The resulting broth is infused for an hour. Then they take clean gauze and moisten it in nettles. The resulting compress is applied to the skin for 10 minutes.

Starch mask. For the recipe, a tablespoon of potato starch, a teaspoon of lemon juice and 3 teaspoons of kefir are used. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed and applied to the skin for 15 minutes.

In addition to the recipes listed, oatmeal masks, lime, lemon or cucumber juice tonics help well. A preparation based on vitamin A or E is added to natural ingredients.

Features of oily skin care

Increased production of fat is associated with improper skin care techniques. For this reason, a change in hygiene rules and the selection of suitable cosmetics help to regulate processes.

Normalization of the work of the glands is possible if a number of rules are observed.

Minimize negative effects on the skin. Alcohol-containing products, fatty creams and frequent scrubbing should be excluded from everyday life.
Regular care. It includes daily makeup removal before bedtime, cleansing, moisturizing and nourishing the skin.
Competent selection of cosmetic products. Cosmetic products are selected depending on the type of skin. For cleansing, gels, mousses and foams with anti-inflammatory action are used.

The right choice of decorative cosmetics. Tonal foundations are selected with a light texture, powders - with a matting effect. It is not recommended to use cream textures for blush or shadows.
Application of folk recipes. In addition to regular care with cosmetic products, it is recommended to use folk recipes. They include rinsing the face with infusions of chamomile, horsetail, nettle, linden.
Diet correction. Increased greasiness of the skin contributes to malnutrition. The menu should include lean meats and fish, fresh vegetables and fruits, cereals. It is recommended to minimize the consumption of sweet, starchy, fatty, alcoholic products.

Compliance with the rules of care can significantly reduce the risk of skin problems resulting from improper functioning of the sebaceous glands.