Creative project on the technology of wood stool. Creative project on the technology of making a children's stool. Sketch study of the basic version

Practical work

Pedagogy and didactics

Stools are backless chairs or short benches for one person only. The Romans made the mounts movable, so folding stools appeared. Now stools are almost any seat without backs and armrests. Relevance: stools are very useful in life because they are compact, unlike chairs, and they are more convenient to carry.

Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution

c in-depth study of individual subjects No. 68

creative project.

Subject: Stool.

Completed by a student of 6 "A" class:

Petrov Savely

Teacher:

Petukhova Olga Yurievna

2013

Yekaterinburg city.

1.1. Introduction …………………………………………………………1.

1.2. Justification and relevance of the project ……………………… 3.

1.3. Sibi cost …………………………………………….4.

Drawings and annexes to the project.

Introduction.

Stools are chairs without backs or short benches for one person only. In conditions of limited space in the premises, they are the most suitable furniture products, they take up little space.
A wooden block is considered similar to a stool; it can act as seats or tables. It is made industrially from a debarked trunk of cedar, oak, or birch. The shape of the barrel is often used by modern designers in their work.
It is very comfortable to sit on a log that is placed on the priest, but it is difficult to drag it. To make the stump lighter, its middle is undermined. This is how the stools got a “waist”, which is very convenient to grab onto. Similar patterns are still found among African tribes. Models with chiseled silhouettes look advantageous in absolutely any interiors - both classic and modern.
Later, a form in the form of a saddle appears, peeped from the nomads. The representative of the steppe peoples, in order not to sit on the cold ground, used the harness taken from the horses as a seat. In the middle of the last century, Achille Castiglioni was the very first to remove the seat from the bicycle and put it on a steel rod with a stand - it turned out to be a stool. The shape of the saddle stool was positively approved by physiotherapists: how such a seat will allow you to redistribute the load from lumbar spine to the ischium. Therefore, there is no need to lean on the backs of chairs.
A little later, all the furniture makers from the banks of the Nile stretched a mat between the supports. Under the weight of the seated, it begins to deform exactly as needed. And the stability of this design will provide an x-shaped base. The Romans made the mounts movable this is how foldable stools . Portable folding chairs traveled behind the senators to the various boardrooms. Later, they were transformed into camping chairs, and director's chairs also came from them.
Stools are the largest group of pieces of furniture. Now stools are almost any seat without backs and armrests. The modern stool is made from the most various materials(wood, plastic, metal, leather, fabric, etc.). The stool is soft and hard, with a round, square or rectangular shapes, which rests on 3 - 4 legs and stands on two frames.
A separate category is made up of “one-legged”, the so-called screw chairs on a single central support. Very often they rotate, and some of them are also able to rise to a height from the traditional 40 cm to 80-85 cm.

of course, bar stools.
Modern stools are bright, colorful,

functional details that can transform the interior of any kitchen. Behind

with this, the choice of a stool for the kitchen or living room should always be approached with

special attention, as they must ideally

fit into the design concept of the room.

Justification and relevance of the project.

Material: pine.

Sizes and quantity.

Leg: x2:6 x 28 x 2. R7. (Cm)

Seat: 30 x 30. (cm)

Crossbar: 25 x 10 x 2. (Cm)

Fasten with screws or nails.

Relevance: stools are very useful in life because they are compact, unlike chairs, and they are more convenient to carry.

They are also known for their diversity and beauty and are not very expensive, again unlike chairs.

Stools can come in handy everywhere: in the kindergarten, at school, at home ...

Decor.

As already mentioned, the stool itself will be made of pine and will be covered with a soft material. She herself will be peculiar on two legs, and not like the usual one on four

Afterbirth. work

Equipment

Size

Pencil, ruler.

carve

Electric jigsaw

sanding

Skin

Strengthen

Hammer. Nails

Sibi cost

Tree 200 rub.

Screws 25 rub.

Time 100 rub.

Tools 50 rub.

425 but, markup 25 rubles.

450 rub.

Applications to the project.


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Municipal community educational institution

Secondary school No. 47

creative project

"Stool"

Completed:

Student 11 "B" class

MOU-SOSH No. 47

Polyakov Vladimir

Checked:

head consultant

technology teacher

MOU-SOSH No. 47

Panov Alexander Nikolaevich

Belgorod

2007-2008 academic year year


2. Thinking scheme

4. Theoretical information

5. History and modernity

6. Bank of ideas

7. Draft study of the basic version

8. Product requirements

9. Design specification

10. Tools and equipment

11. Materials

12. Safety rules during work

13. Manufacturing technology

14. Quality control

15. Environmental rationale

18. Self-esteem

Glossary of terms

Literature


1. Justification of the problem and need

The apartment in which we live, work and relax should be comfortable, cozy and, of course, beautiful. To achieve this, it is not at all necessary to spend large sums of money. To do this, you need to do a lot with your own hands.

The main thing in this project is that the product can be made independently. When choosing this project, the following points were taken into account.

In the process of manufacturing this stool, the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of mathematics, physics, chemistry and technology are used.

The manufacture of a stool contributes to the consolidation of previously studied material on such topics as “Marking”, “Drilling”, “Repair of furniture in everyday life”.

The equipment of the training workshops makes it possible to carry out this project, this work is not dangerous. In the process of implementation, you can get acquainted with the technology of interior design, acquire skills in furniture repair. Having made such a stool, you can make a personal contribution to the design of the apartment, making a nice gift to your parents.

In the manufacture of a stool, accuracy and accuracy are required.

2. Thinking scheme

3. Identification of the main parameters and limitations

The product must meet the following requirements:

1. The product must be done carefully.

2. The product must match the chosen style.

3. The product must be beautiful.

4. The product must be durable.

4. Theoretical information

The product that I decided to make, as indicated above, should be neat, beautiful and durable. I decided to make a stool from wood.

In this case, it is best to make oak wood.

Oak - refers to deciduous ring-vascular wood species. Oak wood is distinguished by high strength and hardness, resistance to decay, the ability to bend, has a beautiful texture and color. It is used in carpentry and furniture, veneer cutting and parquet production; in wagon-carriage-shipbuilding, as well as in agricultural engineering, in the production of riveting blanks for barrels.


Municipal state educational institution

Sudzhan secondary school No. 1

Sudzhansky district, Kursk region

creative project

in the subject "Technology (technical work)"

on the topic of:

"Making a baby stool"

Balyshev Ivan Olegovich

7th grade student

Sudzhan secondary school No. 1

Project Manager:

Nikiforova Marina Valerievna

technology teacher

Sudzhan secondary school No. 1

Sudzha - 2016

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Relevance of the topic.

Rationale for the choice.
My choice of product is justified by the fact that I really like furniture, I like to repair it. So I decided to make my first product, a baby chair. There are a huge number of shapes, sizes and designs of baby chairs, but I decided to make my own creation. I created the form myself. At first I drew a sketch, thought out all the dimensions, and then began to carry out the drawings, after which I started the manufacturing process.
Goals and objectives.
In the manufacture of my product, I adhered to the following goals and objectives.
Goals:

Aesthetic look.
- Manufacturability.

Practicality.
Tasks:

Improve your knowledge of wood finishing.
-Improve possession skills hand tools.
Originality and practicality.
My product has practicality, it is original in that I made it myself: I came up with the shape myself, drew up the documentation myself, prepared the material myself, cut out the contour myself, connected and adjusted all the details and elements myself. The finished product looks good baby chair or a gift. Manufacturing costs are not very high.

2.Historical reference.

The history of the chair goes back to ancient times. Even the ancients realized the need for this item, on which you can comfortably settle down. The chair of a primitive man was a piece of a fallen tree, or a large stone. Chairs, like other luxury items and furniture, were finished with gold and made from especially expensive woods. Every home has chairs. Their design at different times corresponded different design. These were massive chairs made of precious wood, children's chairs, chairs for the sick and the disabled. Time makes its own adjustments, at present chairs are made of light metal, plastic, as well as well-known computer chairs. At all times, people have brought something unusual to the design and design of chairs.

3.Requirements for the product.

The finished product must be:

    necessary for use;

    have a pleasant appearance;

    convenient to use;

    durable and high quality.

4. Bank of ideas. Choice of option.

Consider some options for children's chairs.

Of the presented models of children's chairs, option No. 1 seems to me the most suitable. That is what I will be doing.

5. Justification for the choice of materials.

I will make my chair from pine wood.Pine has soft wood. Plus, it's lightweight yet durable. It can be easily processed with a chisel, saw or cutter. Almost any product is cut out of it. In addition, I will need 6 dowels, glue, stain and varnish.

6. Choice of equipment, tools and fixtures.

To make a chair, I will need the following equipment and tools:

Electric jigsaw;

Frazier;

Hacksaw;

Drill;

Drill;

Pencil;

Ruler;

Square;

Compass;

Rasp;

sandpaper;

Brush;

Hammer.

7.Routing.

p/p

Sequence of operations

Sketch

Equipment, tools, fixtures

Select blanks taking into account processing allowances.

260

260

290

110

Pencil, ruler.

Mark out the legs.

Pencil, ruler, square.

Cut out the legs along the contour.

Electric jigsaw.

Rasp, sandpaper.

Mark out the seat.

250

Pencil, ruler, compasses.

Cut out the seat along the contour.

Electric jigsaw.

Round and clean edges.

Hacksaw, rasp, sandpaper.

Finish the edges.

cutter.

Mark holes for dowels.

Pencil, ruler.

Drill holes.

Drill, drill.

Connect the product with dowels.

Dowels, glue, hammer.

Paint the chair with stain.

Stain, brush.

Varnish.

Varnish, brush.

Check the quality of the finished product.

8. Safety regulations.

Safety precautions when working with hand tools.

1. Work with a serviceable tool, use the tool strictly for its intended purpose.

2. Put the cutting tool with the cutting part away from you.

3. Arrange the tools so that they are convenient to use.

4. Clean up after work workplace.

Safety precautions when working with electric tools.

1.Check that the tool is working.

2. During operation, do not touch the moving part.

3. Securely fasten the working part of power tools.

4. After work, disconnect the power tool from the power source.

9.Economic reference.

In order to calculate the cost of making your product, you need to know the cost of all materials and electricity spent on its manufacture.

I did not take into account the costs of:

Depreciation of equipment, as he worked in a school workshop;

Electricity, as they worked during daylight hours;

Salary, as he did everything on his own;

I also made the dowels myself, so I did not take into account their cost.

Determine the cost of the feeder.

p/p

Name

Price per

1 PC. (m)

Used up

Costs (rub.)

Board

200

0.09 m

Wood glue

140

0.01

1,4

emery

paper

varnish

140

0,2

Stain.

0,2

Total:

84.4 p.

10. Ecological justification.

Natural wood products are environmentally friendly. They do no harm environment and are fully subject to recycling. A small environmental problem can be created by the use of furniture varnish, but very little was used in the manufacture of this product. Therefore, we can conclude that the designed product turned out to be environmentally friendly, does not cause allergic reactions in humans and does not harm the environment.

11. Evaluation of work performance.

I believe that the manufactured chair meets all the requirements for it. It is small-sized, comfortable, durable, has a pleasant appearance and will fit well into the interior of a children's room. I think that I did well with my goal.

12. List of used sources.

    Rikhvk E.V. We make wood: - M.: Enlightenment, 1988.

    Kovalenko V.I., Kulenenok V.V. Objects of labor: - M .: Education, 1990.

    Pereplyotov A.N. Carpentry 10-11kl.:-M. Humanite. ed. center VLADOS.

    Gorbov A. M. Do it yourself 1000 useful things / A. M. Gorbov. - Smolensk: publishing house: "M. AST - production", 2007 - 241 p.

    Strashkov V. M. Your home from A to Z / V. G. Strashkov. - Moscow: publishing house "Stroy - press", 2001 - 157 p.

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2. Rationale for product selection…………………...2

3. Product drawing…………………………………..5

4. Analysis of the selected material………………...7

5. Detail drawings………………………………..10

6. Manufacturing technology………………………15

7. Production time…………………………18

8. Economic calculation…………………………20

9. Analysis and evaluation………………………………...23

10. Advantages and disadvantages……………………24

Rationale for choiceproducts.

This year, for the design project, I decided to make a stool. I have not yet made a product of this kind, and therefore the manufacturing process itself is interesting. He made wall lamps, he made shovels, but he never once made some kind of stool-stool.

At first I had an idea to make a bench: on the street or, for example, in a bathhouse. But I thought about it and reasoned like this: we have a couple of small chairs to sit on the street, and if there are a lot of people, then one bench will not save. Benches are needed in the bathhouse, but this was taken care of as soon as it was built. Therefore, another one there will be useless, except to take up space.

Then I had many more ideas about the future product. For example, I was going to make both a table and a chair, etc. I especially got the idea to make a chair because of the shortage of those at home. The idea was not bad, but I rejected it. First, it is unlikely that I could get desired material; Secondly, due to the complexity technological process: it is necessary, nevertheless, that the back is at an angle so that it does not dig into the back so that it would be impossible to sit, there are other small nuances in the manufacture of the chair; thirdly, I would like a soft, comfortable chair, but I still would not insulate it, even if I did. And who needs a small, hard, and besides, digging into the back, chair? Absolutely no one. So I came to the conclusion that I will do stool.

As for me, this is the most optimal option of the above: there is probably enough material, and nothing sticks in the back, and there is absolutely no need to make it soft. It is, of course, much more pleasant to sit on a normal chair than on a stool. But you can’t pull a chair out into the street. And a stool - anywhere, even on the street, even at home, even in the bath.

So, it's decided. I'm making a stool. But here's another snag, and not even one. First - how to do it? Second - what to do? And finally, the last - how do I want to make a stool? It can be classic, or patterned-painted, it can be “about three legs” or in the style of “de la raskoryaka”. In general, the options are heaps. Just do what you think. But I didn't think that was too long. I wanted, of course, to do something prettier: instead of corners, smooth transitions, and instead of ordinary legs, something more elegant.

Under the number 1, I have shown a variant of the stool cover and its legs. Smooth transitions, grace, the lid can be bent a little more, but ... I still rejected this option, although I was inclined towards it. The legs would have to be machined for a long time, the cover would have to be cut out for a long time. This is all a labor intensive process and would take a lot of time.

The second option is also very good, not as laborious as the previous one. And yes, it looks quite nice. But here you need to make either six legs, or connect them like that. Both of those things would definitely work out for me.

Subsequently, they told me: “Shurik, why the hell do you do all sorts of tricks? Too much time? Make a simple stool, there will be time - you will ennoble!” In general, short and clear. So I decided to make a classic version of the stool.

It is this option that is shown under the number 3. I may not do the partition (4), depending on the strength.

I will make a product from wood, pine, birch, linden, oak, ash - whatever I find. More details in the "Analysis of the selected material".

Product drawing.

Draw what you need yourself

Specification.

part name

material

tire board

partition

Choice Analysismaterial.

What I will do, I have already decided (stool). The question remained unresolved: “What to do?”. I will deal with this question now.

Manufacturing methods different types there are a lot of stools, which means that each variety should have its own specific material.

Plastic is very good material, it is waterproof, strong enough, light, even plastic. From this material, you can make almost anything your heart desires. The stool is no exception. But I do not have enough of this material, nor the ability to manage with it. Therefore, this material is not suitable for me.

Various kinds of metals: steel, iron, cast iron, etc. These materials are also good, but in their own industries. You can't sit normally on an iron stool. All the more so, you won’t pull such a stool out into the street: on such a stool you can freeze everything in the world, and burn it, and the stool itself will soon rust. After all, they say correctly: "Rust eats iron." Yes, and products of this kind, made of any metal, are unlikely to look presentable, especially since stools are not made of iron and, thank God, such an idea does not occur to anyone.

The stool must be wooden. And I will adhere to this position. My stool will be made purely of wood, although in many cases the top is made of chipboard and then covered with veneer. This idea is not bad, but chipboard swells at high humidity, like fiberboard, and this is a big drawback.

There are many species of trees, and therefore another question arises - which species to choose? Oak. This, of course, is a noble breed, oak has a beautiful texture, good strength. But oak is a rare tree in our area, it is difficult to process it, so this option is no longer available. I also did not take ash for these reasons.

Linden is a very soft breed, the texture of its wood is not particularly beautiful. The water resistance of all trees is poor, but linden and birch. They don't have that quality at all. So the linden disappears. A birch stool will also not be due to the disgusting workability of this breed.

There are many more options, but it will not be enough time or patience to go through all the advantages and disadvantages of each breed. Therefore, we will focus on pine. It is from pine that I will make my product. Pine, in my opinion, is generally the most optimal and best material. Pine products do not warp, pleasing to the eye with a pleasant texture of wood. The water resistance of pine is not the worst, and it is better to process it than others. Pine wood is easily amenable to any kind of processing. This, of course, is a resinous breed, but I don’t see a big drawback in this. Pine has some more disadvantages, but good workability, beautiful texture and its presence in large quantities cover its shortcomings. Moreover, pine is the most common material in our country. And some of the "pros and cons" of other tree species are shown in the table below.

water resistance

strength

resinousness

tendency to crack

I think not to use nails and various screws or self-tapping screws in the product, although I do not deny the possibility of their use. Parts will be fastened in grooves and on glue.

I'm going to finish the stool after. Then sand and apply a second coat of varnish. All this is done so that there are no bubbles.

Detail drawings.

draw yourself

Manufacturing technology.

operation

tools

Lid

Workpiece selection.

Sawing four tire boards according to the specified dimensions.

Drilling 3 holes in each of the dowel boards.

Rounding corners.

Grinding.

Control.

Leg

Workpiece selection.

Cut the blank to the desired shape.

Planing.

Make cutouts (grooves)

Grinding.

Control.

Insert

Workpiece selection.

Planing.

Make cuts (mounts).

Grinding.

Control.

Partition

Workpiece selection.

Cutting the workpiece to size (4 pcs.).

Planing.

Make cuts (mounts).

Grinding.

Control.

Dowels

Workpiece selection.

Make the desired length.

Round off.

Grinding.

Control.

Assembly

Connection of tire boards into a single cover.

Connection of legs with inserts and partitions.

Fixing the cover and the rest with screws.

Control.

hand drill

Saw, planer

sandpaper

Calipers

Dolbezhnik

sandpaper

Calipers

sandpaper

Calipers

sandpaper

Calipers

sandpaper

Calipers

Glue, mallet

Glue, mallet

Screwdriver

Caliper, ruler, keen eye

Manufacturing time.

It took me a long time to make the stool - eight hours and twenty minutes. It took me two hours and twenty minutes to complete the lid. For about ten minutes I sawed the tire boards along the length. Then it took ten minutes to drill holes for the fasteners. It took about five minutes to make each of the fasteners, and there are nine such fasteners. Forty-five minutes - making fixtures. Another half an hour - grinding the parts that make up the cover. Then forty minutes I rounded the corners and spent another five minutes fine sanding.

It also took a lot of time to make the legs of the stool. Four blanks had to be made from a bar. Then they had to be sawn off desired length and planing, because there were a lot of bumps. Then grooves were made in the legs with a groover. These works took one hour, twenty minutes. It took another forty minutes to finish sanding and cleaning. In total, work on the manufacture of legs lasted two hours.

It took twenty-five minutes to make one insert. Those twenty-five minutes included: five minutes sawing to size, another five minutes planing, ten minutes grooving, and another five minutes sanding. It turns out that it took one hour, forty minutes to make and process all the inserts.

Next - the manufacture of partitions. Here I had to plan, cut to length and grind. It took me thirty minutes to make the partition: five minutes sawing, another five minutes sanding, ten minutes planing. It took about ten minutes to cut the fasteners, but this is only for the first partition. The rest I stamped in twenty minutes.

It took only half an hour to assemble the stool. In total, it took eight hours and twenty minutes to make the stool.

Economic calculation.

I Wood costs.

1.Vdr.=4(410×30×30)+(330×330×35)+4(210×70×15)+ +4(240×15×15)+9(80×15×15)=4(0.41×0.03×0.03)+ +(0.33×0.33×0.035 )+4(0.21×0.07×0.015)+ 4(0.24×0.015×0.015)+9(0.08×0.015×0.015)=0.006551mі

2. Costs for a given volume of wood.

1mі - 1800 rubles.

0.006551mі-x rub.

x \u003d 1800 × 0.006551 \u003d 11.8 rubles.

Wood=11rub.80kop.

II Calculation of screws.

1. The weight of the screws used.

4shur. by 7gr. 28gr. 0.028kg.

2. The cost of these screws.

1 kg. --40 rub.

0.028kg. --x rub.

x \u003d 0.028 × 40 \u003d 1.12 rubles.

Shur.=1rub. 12kop.

III Lacquer calculation.

1. Calculation of the area for cutting.

S=16(405x30)+4(30x30)+2(330x330)+4(330x35)+

16(240x15)+8(210x70)+4(210x15)=16(0.405x0.03)+

4(0.03×0.03)+2(0.33×0.33)+4(0.33×0.035)+16(0.24×0.015)+

8 (0.21 × 0.07) + 4 (0.21 × 0.015) \u003d 0.6498 m²

2. The weight of the varnish used.

1m² --170gr.

0.6498m² - x gr.

x \u003d 0.17 × 0.6498 \u003d 0.11 kg.

3. The cost of varnish.

1 kg. --100 rub.

0.11kg - x rub.

x \u003d 0.11 × 100 \u003d 11 rubles.

Slaka = 11 rub.

IV Calculation of glue.

I used 30gr. glue.

1 kg. -- 80 rub.

0.02kg. -- x rub.

x \u003d 0.03 × 80 \u003d 2.4 rubles.

Glue = 2 rub. 40kop.

V I used 100W bulb lighting. within 8h. 20 minutes.

1 kW. - 1 rub. 80kop.

0.1 kW. -- x rub.

x \u003d 0.1 × 1.80 \u003d 0.18 rubles.

I worked 8 hours. 20 minutes.

1 hour -- 0 rub. 18kop.

8.20 h. -- x rub.

x \u003d 8.20 × 0.18 \u003d 1.48 rubles.

I worked on the machine for 1 hour.

1 kW. - 1 rub. 80kop.

I worked 1 hour.

1 hour -- 1.8 rub.

Sost. \u003d 1.48 + 1.8 \u003d 3.28 rubles.

Sost. = 3 rub. 28kop.

VI I got paid for my work.

I worked 8.20 hours.

1 hour - 1 rub. 80kop.

8.20 hours = x rub.

x \u003d 8.20 × 1.80 \u003d 14.76 rubles.

СЗ/pl.=14 rub. 76kop.

VII General costs.

C \u003d Wood + Sshur. + Slack + Glue + Sow. + Sz / pl. \u003d

11.8 + 1.12 + 11 + 2.4 + 3.28 + 14.76 \u003d 44.36 rubles.

С=44 rub. 36kop.

The total costs amounted to 44 rubles. 36.cop

Analysis and evaluation.

Having assembled my product to the end, I rated it "five".

The stool turned out not as it was intended, but even better. View - a feast for the eyes. beautiful shape stool, its practicality indicate great effort and a considerable investment of time.

The stool has a rounded lid, so you don't have to worry about sharp corners. It took a lot of time to make the parts needed for the stool, but this does not mean that all parts of the stool are made "without a hitch and without a hitch." Some parts are not very well polished, but this is not due to the fact that "reluctance to grind", but a defect in the material. Some of the grooves and fasteners did not fit during assembly, but it’s impossible to stamp almost at home. This was a flaw during assembly and, I hope, it will not affect either the stability or the strength of the stool assembly in the future.

The product would have looked better if it had been patched, but there just wasn’t enough time for it. But the appearance of the stool is not spoiled by the emerging heads of nails or screws.

Everyone rated my work as "excellent". Even my father, who reproaches me for carelessness, appreciated my work well, although we made this stool together. The brother said that the product was good, but it would still be possible to take a minute to tinker. In general, the product turned out well.

Advantages and disadvantages.

The product turned out to be good, but it has both advantages and disadvantages.

I consider the advantages of my product:

Stool stability;

Strong build;

Correctly selected material;

Good processing of all details;

Nails and screws are nowhere to be seen;

The product looks good;

Round cap shape, safer than normal.

The disadvantages of the product are not less, but they are not so significant. Flaws:

Slight roughness of one of the legs of the stool;

It took a long time to make;

The actual dimensions of some parts are slightly different from the drawings;

There are small gaps at the connection of the legs with partitions;

The stool is made with father's help;

During assembly, a small crack formed on the leg;

Swollen excess glue;

Large product weight

Notes:

1. Missing blueprints

2. In the "Manufacturing Technology" draw sketches

3. No title

4. Possible incorrect display of the project in 2003microsoft officeword

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Content

I ……………………………………...….3

1.1 Justification of the creative project "Chair"……….…………………….…………….3

1.2.History of the product………………………..……………………………………………....3

1.3.Bank of ideas and suggestions………………………………………………………….…..4

II. Technological part of the project ………………………..……………………………5

2.1. Selection of materials and tools……………………………………………….…….5

2.2. Drawing and sketch of the product……………………………………………………………….…5

5

2.4.Product manufacturing technology……………………………………………………….7

2.5. Environmental assessment of the product…………………………………………………..…..10

2.6.Economic evaluation of the product………………………………………………………....10

Conclusion ………………………………………………………………………...……..10

Dictionary…………………………………………………………………………………….13

Literature ………………………………………………………………………………..13

I .Organizational and preparatory part

1.1. Justification of the creative project

Justification of the problem and need

The apartment in which we live, work and relax should be comfortable, cozy and, of course, beautiful. To achieve this, it is not at all necessary to spend large sums of money. To do this, you need to do a lot with your own hands.

The main thing in this project is that the product can be made independently. When choosing this project, the following points were taken into account.

In the process of making a chair, the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of mathematics, physics, chemistry and technology are used.

The manufacture of a chair contributes to the consolidation of previously studied material on such topics as “Marking”, “Drilling”, “Repair of furniture in everyday life”.

The equipment of the training workshops makes it possible to carry out this project, this work is not dangerous. In the process of implementation, you can get acquainted with the technology of interior design, acquire skills in furniture repair. Having made such a chair, you can make a personal contribution to the design of the apartment, making a nice gift to your parents.

In the manufacture of a chair, accuracy and accuracy are required.

Objective of the project - Develop a technology for manufacturing a chair, study the literature on this issue and make a product.

The product must meet the followingrequirements :

1. The product must be done carefully.

2. The product must match the chosen style.

3. The product must be beautiful.

4. The product must be durable.

The product that I decided to make, as indicated above, should be neat, beautiful and durable. I decided to make a chair from wood (chipboard).

1.2.History of the chair

The history of chairs goes back to ancient times. Even ancient people realized the usefulness and necessity of such a thing, on which one could sit down and relax. The chairs of the primitive man were a flat stone with jagged edges. Subsequently, people began to improve the chair, adding some details to it. Gradually, he began to take, albeit remotely, a modern look.

In later times, chairs decorated precious stones and made from expensive materials have become a luxury item. Royal chairs (thrones) were hollowed out from a huge block of marble, inlaid with diamonds and other precious stones, and trimmed with gold.

Hunters and fishermen also use chairs, and a wide variety of objects can play their role: boxes, even stones, logs, etc.

Every home has chairs. Their designs at different times were different and corresponded to different ideas of people about beauty and convenience. These were the chairs different varieties wood, ranging from cheap pine to extremely expensive mahogany. There are also several more popular modifications of the chair - armchairs, rocking chairs, sofas, ottomans. And although they look different, their purpose is exactly the same.

In normal wooden chair designs with four legs are most commonly used, but specimens with only three legs can be found.

1.3.Bank of ideas and suggestions

Requirements for the product (chair)

Product name

Chair

Functional purpose

Household utensils, for single seat without backrest

User

family members

Single or mass production

single

Material Requirements

Hardwood

Manufacturing Method

Manual wood processing,

product assembly

Appearance, style

Chair with round seat

Requirements in terms of safety of use

Corresponds

Environmental requirements

Does not harm the environment.

Having studied the theoretical material, the history of the emergence and development of the issue, it was decided to make a product using the woodworking technique, with which it would be possible to make a stool from wood.

During the information gathering process, a number of options were considered. (FIG. 1.)


Option #1 Option #2 Option #3

Having considered the three presented options, having studied their features, the need for materials and other components, it was decided: to manufacture the “Chair” product, taking option number 3 as a basis. Since for option 3, tools and material are available.

II .TECHNOLOGICAL PART

2.1. Choice of materials and tools

For the manufacture of toys used the followingmaterials:
-
DCTP;
- glue moment;
- self-tapping screws;

Cotton wool;

Leather;
Tools: saw, electric jigsaw, sandpaper, furniture stapler,screwdriver, screwsEquipment: Workbench.

2.2 Drawing and technical drawing of the product

Chair technical drawing

The design of the product consists of:

1) Chair seat;

2) Base (legs);

For the manufacture of the project, I completed the design and technological documentation. When drawing a chair, I scaled it down depending on the size of the material available.

CHAIR DRAWING

2.3 Safety rules during work

INSTRUCTIONS

on safety precautions for manual processing of wood

Before work

1. Wear overalls correctly. In this case, you should carefully select the hair and tuck the ends of the headscarf).

2. Check the availability of inventory (seat, basting brush, scoop), serviceability of the workbench (clamping boxes, sawing stop, clamping wedges, drawing devices).

3. Lay out the tools for individual use on the workbench in the strict order established by the teacher. There should be nothing superfluous on the workbench.

During work

1. Clamp the material to be processed (wood) securely in the clamps of the workbench.

2. Use the tool only for its intended purpose, serviceable, well adjusted and ground.

3. The ends of the blades of bow saws must be firmly fixed in the shovkas. The canvases are torn apart. The cord must provide the necessary tension of the web.

4. Planer tools must have a horn or a sign in zenzubels, kalevkas, geltels. The back of the shoe should be rounded and smooth. Split plow parts are immediately replaced. Tool handles should be comfortable to work with.

5. Technological operations (sawing, trimming, chiselling, drilling, joining parts) are performed on a workbench in the specified places, using fixtures, stops and backing boards.

6. Do not allow the workbench to be cluttered with waste, shavings. Return the shared tool to the teacher in a timely manner.

7. Do not be distracted during work, follow the correct working methods.

8. Prepare and heat up the glue under constant supervision in a well-ventilated room isolated from the workshop.

9. The use of open fire, as well as electric heaters in a woodworking workshop is strictly prohibited.

10. To avoid injury, you must:

Monitor the tension of the bow saw blade;

Use a guide to support the tool blade when sawing;

Carry out cleaning of plows (planer, sherhebel, jointer) with wooden wedges;

In case of damage to the tool during operation, immediately replace it.

After finishing work

1. Hand over the rest of the materials, unfinished products to the duty officer or teacher.

2. Check the condition of the instruments and put them in the order set by the teacher.

3. Clean up your workspace using a sweep. It is forbidden to blow off chips with your mouth or sweep with your hand.

4. On the workbench, check the presence and condition of the wedges, and screw the clamping boxes (rear, front) to the specified gap (no more than 2-5 mm).

5. Clean yourself up.

Leave the workshop with the permission of the teacher.

2.4. Product manufacturing technology

According to the working drawings and technological map, I started the project.

To improve the appearance of the chair, I decided to sheathe the seat of the chair with leather and cover the surface of the chair with varnish.

Routing

Making a chair with a round seat

Operation sequence

Graphic image (photo)

Tools,

fixtures

The choice of material, the marking of parts on chipboard

Roulette, ruler, pencil.

Sawing out chair pieces

Email jigsaw, saw

Alignment and cleaning of details, grinding.

Rasp, sandpaper.

chair seat upholstery

Leather, furniture wool, furniture stapler, PVA glue

Connecting the seat to the legs.

screwdriver,

self-tapping screws

Product assembly

screwdriver,

self-tapping screws

Varnishing

Brush, varnish.

Ready product

2.5. Product environmental assessment

It took not a lot of material to make the chair, but it was of high quality. The product turned out to be very beautiful, aesthetic, comfortable to use.

2.6. Economic evaluation of the product

materials

Price for 1

unit

products

(rub).

Material consumption per 1

unit of production

Price

material per 1

unit

products

(rub).

Chipboard

100 rub.

1 meter

100 rubles

self-tapping screws

50 rubles

4 things

10 rubles

Staples

128

10 pieces.

15 rubles

Glue

1ml

5 rub.

TOTAL:

164 rub.

The cost of materials spent on a chair is 164 rubles. Suppose all work was carried out in a room that was illuminated by a chandelier with 60 W incandescent lamps. There are 4 lamps in total.

Lighting electricity cost

Se = 10 rubles.

Total cost of the product

From a chair = From materials + From lighting electricity = 164 + 10 = 174 rubles.

2.7 .Advertising

There are things you can't buy

But you can make your own.

This is our graceful CHAIR - it is durable, light, comfortable, beautiful and safe!

Conclusion

The product is self-made, convenient to use, much cheaper than in the store. Improves the interior of the room. All technological operations are available.

The finished product meets the following requirements:

All parts are made carefully in accordance with the above technology. The product is a finished product. The appearance of the product makes a favorable impression.

Dictionary sheet , made by hot pressing wood particles, mainly chips, mixed with a binder of non-mineral origin with the introduction, if necessary, of special additives(6–18% of the mass of chips) on single- and multi-storey periodic presses. (0.2–5 MPa,100–140 °С)


Literature

1. Rikhvk E.V. We make wood: - M .: Education, 2013.

2. Kovalenko V.I., Kulenyonok V.V. Objects of labor: - M .: Education, 2011.

3. Websitehttp://masterpomebeli.ru.

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