Kindergarten of a combined type: what does it mean? Combined kindergarten - what does it mean What does a combined kindergarten mean

When parents are faced with the question of which kindergarten to send their child to, then the decision must be made meaningful. You should not enroll your baby in the first institution that is close to home or work. Better choose kindergarten combined type, where the approach to the preschooler will be individual, taking into account his development.

Combined garden - what is it

All preschool institutions are divided by specialization. There are general educational gardens, early development centers, narrowly focused and combined institutions. The latter consist of groups of different orientations, they employ highly qualified teachers who will find an approach to any kid.

Classes in a kindergarten of a combined type are held in a cozy atmosphere

The combined kindergarten consists of the following groups:

general education;
health;
speech therapy;
for gifted children;
for children with developmental delay.

The combination of groups can be any, depending on the needs of the children. An undoubted advantage for parents is the ability to choose a specific class, taking into account the physical, mental and intellectual development of the child.

The number of groups in the garden is not regulated, but is compiled as needed. The number of people in one group is small, which is an advantage. A preschooler quickly adapts to a new team, and the teacher will always be able to pay attention to everyone.

How to get into MBDOU combined type

In the general education and health group, preschoolers are recruited at the request of their parents. Classes are aimed at maintaining health, general physical and mental development, taking into account all norms.

Speech therapy groups are attended by children with delays speech development or other speech disorders. Classes are held in the form of a game, which does not cause the child to feel discomfort.

In order to enroll a preschooler in a specialized group, you will need a certificate from a pediatrician and a speech therapist about the need for such classes.

If the child has mental or physical disorders in development, you will have to take a certificate from a neurologist, pediatrician and other specialists. For such children, a special developmental program has been developed that helps to recover quickly. Enrollment is made on the basis of these documents.

In any case, every child is taken to a kindergarten. As a rule, this is done so that the mother can go to work. Every parent wants their child to get into the best kindergarten. However, unfortunately, the child manages to be given to an institution that is not far from home. Often the choice is influenced by which kindergarten has free space. Because of this, it is quite difficult to find out about the quality of the institution. But what if the kindergarten is a combined type? Many mothers and fathers are completely unfamiliar with this concept, so they are worried where their child will go. In order to be more or less clear what it is, you need to read this article.

Classification

Most often, preschool institutions are classified according to specializations. For example, there are kindergartens that are aimed at the simultaneous development of the intellectual, physical and moral abilities of children. Such kindergartens are general educational.

In kindergartens, which are development centers, the same tasks are performed, however, this institution differs in that it has additional computer classes, swimming pools, and game complexes.

There are highly specialized kindergartens that are created for children with some kind of disabilities. We are talking about violations of the musculoskeletal system, the development of the physical and psychological state of the child.

What is a combined kindergarten?

In such institutions, as a rule, there are groups in which children with mental and physical disabilities study. If we talk about a kindergarten of a combined type, the features of which are of interest to many parents, then it should be said that such an institution works with several groups of different directions. As a rule, in such an institution, along with the usual general developmental associations, there are those that are recreational or compensatory. Moreover, the combination of groups can be completely different. Often among such combined institutions there are groups that have received a speech therapy orientation, that is, created for those children who have speech impairment. There is also a kindergarten, which has a separate development school.

Educational program

There are documents that are the main ones in the activities of a preschool institution. Accordingly, a combined kindergarten is also subordinate to them. What it is? They represent a special program that must be developed directly by the educators themselves and the leaders of this institution. At the same time, the documentation must fully comply with Federal standards. As a rule, it describes teaching methods, all the necessary items that are needed for the implementation of all educational programs, as well as the very planning of events.

A combined type kindergarten must have all the necessary programs in order to carry out its activities. For example, if there are groups to which children with speech disorders come, then there must be speech therapists, teachers and other specialists who have a medical education on the staff. Children who have a mental retardation should be trained in groups with special employees who will carry out medical activities.

What kind of specialists will be depends on the direction of the group itself.

Acquisition of pupils

What does it mean - a kindergarten of a combined type, how are pupils admitted to it? As a rule, the admission of children to an institution is carried out with the help of special regulatory documents. Children can go to such an institution upon reaching the age of 3. In principle, some educational institutions are able to accept children of an earlier age, it all depends on their material base. Accordingly, if we are talking about enrollment in a general developmental group, then children are accepted only in accordance with the minimum age, and also depending on the number of places.

Reviews about the kindergarten of the combined type (which means this has already been discussed above) are as positive as possible. In order to get into the correctional group, you must provide certificates from the relevant doctors, for example, a surgeon, defectologist, psychologist, and so on. Which specialists need to be bypassed depends entirely on which group the parents intend to send the child to, as well as what diseases he has. As a rule, kids are sent to a combined type kindergarten, which is located next to the house. However, at the moment, such institutions are not so common, so children from other areas may also find themselves in such an institution.

Organization of the time of stay

An important issue is how the kids will spend their time in the combined kindergarden. What does it mean? All the time they will spend in kindergarten is fully scheduled in accordance with special educational programs. They are approved directly by the institution, after which they are submitted for verification to the ministry. Which program will be provided depends entirely on the group in question.

In addition to the usual activities for children's institutions such as sleep, free games and walks, in such a kindergarten attention will also be paid to various activities with specialists. They can conduct special games that develop fine motor skills, also carry out physiotherapy exercises and speech therapy classes. As a rule, all the activities carried out have the most positive effect on the health of the baby.

Employees

It is also necessary to consider which employees can work in a combined kindergarten. What does this mean, what kind of specialists should they be? Let's talk about this serious issue. Any parent, realizing that the child will go to such a kindergarten, will immediately begin to think that the staff in such an institution is quite large. In addition to ordinary educators, there are teachers and doctors of narrow specialties. It should be noted that they are subject to special requirements.

For example, there must be no conviction for certain offenses, no judgments who imposed a ban on teaching activities.

It is also necessary to provide documents that correspond and answer the question of whether teachers and doctors are sick. In this case, this document must be certified by the authorized body. In addition, you need to provide a paper that will indicate that the person has received a higher or secondary specialized education. In this case, the diploma must be of the state standard.

Additional requirements

Each specialist understands what it means - a kindergarten of a combined type, therefore, during hiring, in addition to standard requirements, the administration has the right to present any others. In addition, personal qualities of a person are taken into account. It should be noted that in order to work in a kindergarten, you must have great patience, be a professional high level, also love children. For a preschool institution, such qualities will be most useful, since children feel any mood of a person and need special care.

Results

As a conclusion, it should be said that the article considered what it means - a kindergarten of a combined type. You should not be afraid to send your child to such an institution. On the contrary, it is highly professional and will allow the child to prepare as much as possible for school period In my life.

Surely, every parent, when his child reaches three years old, begins to think hard about who will raise the child at a time when mom and dad are busy at work. There are several options in this case - grandparents, nanny, kindergarten. It is the latter option that most parents choose. Yes, this is correct. In kindergarten, the child, developing comprehensively, will learn to communicate with peers, to live in a team. The main thing is right choose preschool. The level of his preparation for school, the level of development and education depends on this choice. After all, different types of kindergartens, imply a different level of training.

To the delight of many parents in recent years, the number of kindergartens has begun to renew incessantly, and although their number is far from necessary, many families still have the opportunity to enroll their baby in a preschool. What types of kindergartens available in our country?

Consider the main types of kindergartens:

Departmental kindergarten, according to statistics, the number of such kindergartens in the country exceeds the number of other preschool institutions;

- a kindergarten owned by local authorities;

- private kindergarten;

- home kindergarten.

Advantages and weak sides various kindergartens

In material terms, the most accessible for parents is, of course, a kindergarten owned by local authorities. Advantages - the most affordable and close to home kindergarten. Disadvantages - excessive fullness of groups, perhaps insufficient supervision of children, poor food.

Departmental kindergarten. Advantages - in comparison with the first option, it is less crowded, the quality of the learning process, education and development is higher. The food is more varied. Disadvantages - the payment for the stay, in comparison with the utilities, is much higher.

Private kindergarten. Advantages - optimal filling of groups, individual approach in working with children, organizing the child's work with a speech therapist, psychologist, and other specialists, the child's rapid adaptation to new social conditions and its comprehensive development, the most varied diet, including gourmet delicacies. The disadvantage is the high fee for the stay (sometimes 1000-5000 dollars).

Home kindergarten- the most rare type of kindergarten. The difference from other types of kindergartens is that it is located in an apartment, a rented room or a private cottage. Advantages - the minimum number of children in the group (3-10 people), proper attention to each child. Disadvantages - insufficiently high technical equipment and a rather high price.

Types of kindergartens for various specializations

Are classified types of kindergartens not only by governing body or affiliation, but also by specialization.

By type of specialization, the types of kindergartens are as follows:

- kindergarten of a general developmental type;

- wellness;

- kindergartens - development centers;

- Kindergartens of ethnocultural orientation;

- Highly specialized kindergartens (kindergarten of a compensatory type).

Kindergartens managed by local governments traditionally belong to kindergartens of a general developmental type. Work in them, according to approved programs, is directed to the intellectual, physical, moral and aesthetic development of the child.

In the case when the main focus of work is preventive health measures, the kindergarten is called the kindergarten of supervision and improvement.

In development centers, teachers pay great attention to the intellectual, physical, psychological development of the baby. The centers, as a rule, are equipped with special gaming and health-improving complexes, have swimming pools and computer classes.

Combined types of kindergartens include the characteristics of a regular kindergarten and a kindergarten-development center. Gardens with a narrow specialization are intended for children with certain physical or mental characteristics (gardens for children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, physical or mental development).

Ethnocultural kindergartens, in addition to general education, development and upbringing, pay due attention to the study of the native language, which helps not to forget and know the native language while staying in another country or in another ethnic region.

Classification preschool institutions according to the level of general education, it is carried out taking into account the groups that prepare children for a subsequent general education institution:

- preparatory groups for education in primary school;

- preparatory groups for studying in a general education school;

- preparatory groups for studying at the gymnasium;

- preschool groups from educational centers.

The orientation of the preparatory groups, the level of general education that they provide, must be taken into account when choosing a preschool institution and when planning the child's further education. Having revised types of kindergartens, choose more comfortable for you. There is a fairly widespread opinion here that gifted children grow up in the most ordinary preschool institutions, and sometimes a spiritual atmosphere in which the baby feels comfortable and confident is much more important than numerous versatile activities in a stressful mode. But given the ever-increasing demands of the time, versatile training is often simply necessary for children for further successful development. The choice, of course, is yours.

I would like to give advice to parents: “Remember, you choose a kindergarten not for yourself, but for a child.” Take care not only of the proper level of upbringing and development of the child in it, but also of his comfortable stay there. And of course, it’s not worth giving the baby to the kindergarten, transferring the entire burden of the educational process to the educators, because the personality of the child primarily depends on the efforts of the parents, on the orders and foundations established in each individual family. Only the joint efforts of the educational line of the kindergarten team and the child's parents have the full formative moral force for the development of the growing personality.

Could you tell me please what does the kindergarten of the combined type mean?

For children with speech disorders, for example
This is when, in addition to general developmental groups in the kindergarten, there are also groups for children with disabilities (for example, speech therapy, orthopedic, etc.)
means an ordinary garden, but there are certain 1-2 groups in the direction .... for example, a garden with speech therapy groups .... .
I myself work in a garden of a compensatory type ... that is, for children with certain disabilities .... where a referral from a doctor is required ...
Classification of kindergartens according to the direction of what they are
Kindergarten is the most common type of public preschool educational institution. It provides supervision, care and rehabilitation, education and upbringing of children. Kindergartens differ in different educational programs.
Kindergarten of a general developmental type with the priority implementation of any direction or directions of development of pupils of the physical, intellectual, artistic and aesthetic.
The Kindergarten for Care and Rehabilitation operates with an emphasis on sanitary and hygienic, preventive and health-improving measures and procedures.
Child Development Center Kindergarten. In such centers there are game and sports complexes, an art studio, a computer class, a children's theater, and a swimming pool. An integrated approach is applied to the organization of work with children, physical and mental development, correction are carried out, and the emphasis is on intellectual and artistic and aesthetic development.
A combined type kindergarten includes several different groups: general developmental, compensatory, health-improving, as well as in various combinations.
Kindergarten of a compensatory type with priority implementation of qualified correction. Children with various pathologies are taken to these kindergartens, for example, with mental retardation, with tuberculosis intoxication, with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, with hearing disorders, with speech disorders, with visual impairments, with intellectual disabilities, often ill children. Highly qualified doctors work in such kindergartens, and sometimes special conditions are created for children diet food, swimming pools, saunas, massage rooms, a small number of children in groups. In kindergartens of a compensatory type, they not only treat, but also educate and educate in accordance with a special program. These kindergartens have consultation points where parents can get advice, recommendations on how to act in a particular case.
To get into the kindergarten of a compensating type, you need a referral from a pediatrician and a certificate from specialists in the kindergarten profile.

Kindergarten. Article 1. How does kindergarten begin?

Date added: 2010-08-14

Do you know what kindergarten is?

Kindergarten is a public or private institution that provides care, care and rehabilitation, education and upbringing of children.

In other words , kindergarten is an institution for the public education of preschool children. Kindergartens as a type of institution exist in most countries and are usually the first link in the education system.

What does kindergarten give a child?

Kindergarten - the first educational institution on the path of development of a child from 3 to 7 years. Together with the family, the kindergarten is involved in the upbringing of the child. Educators, like second parents, lay down all the most important traits of a person’s character.

Skills acquired at this age remain for life. In kindergarten, the child receives the first social experience.

The kid learns to communicate with peers and adults who are not his relatives. It is especially important that it is at this age that the self-esteem And feeling of being a person.

Therefore, it is very important to choose a form of education in which your son or daughter can not only gain the necessary knowledge, skills and abilities, but also feel comfortable.

A few years ago in the Russian Federation, all kindergartens worked according to a single “Program for the upbringing and education of children in kindergarten”.

Today in the Russian Federation there are many Programs for the development, upbringing and education of children. And this is the main difference between kindergartens from each other.

Classification of kindergartens in modern conditions.

1. Kindergarten of a general developmental type with the priority implementation of any direction or directions of development of pupils - physical, intellectual, artistic and aesthetic.

2.Kindergarten care and recovery functions with an emphasis on sanitary and hygienic, preventive and health-improving measures and procedures.

3.Kindergarten - Development Center child. In such centers there are game and sports complexes, an art studio, a computer class, a children's theater, and a swimming pool. An integrated approach to the organization of work with children is applied - physical and mental development, correction are carried out, and the emphasis is on intellectual and artistic and aesthetic development.

4.Kindergartencombined type includes several different groups: general developmental, compensatory, health-improving, and also in different combinations.

Kindergarten compensating type with priority implementation of qualified correction. Children with various pathologies are taken to these kindergartens, for example, with mental retardation, with tuberculosis intoxication, with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, with hearing disorders, with speech disorders, with visual impairments, with intellectual disabilities, often ill children.

Highly qualified doctors work in such kindergartens, and special conditions are created for children - sometimes diet food, swimming pools, saunas, massage rooms, a small number of children in groups.

In kindergartens of the compensatory type, they not only treat, but also educate and educate in accordance with a special program. These kindergartens have consultation points where parents can get advice, recommendations on how to act in a particular case. To get into the kindergarten of a compensating type, you need a referral from a pediatrician and a certificate from specialists in the kindergarten profile.

Features of kindergartens in modern conditions.
Depending on the founder, kindergartens are:

Municipal (state),
Departmental (very few left),
Private (commercial)
Home (family).

What are the similarities of kindergartens?

Each kindergarten has a program for the upbringing and education of children, a charter, a license for the right to engage in this type of activity.

What is the difference between kindergartens?

In the form of payment and provision of benefits (only municipal kindergartens provide guaranteed benefits to a number of citizens)
The number of children in the group
The quality and variety of food,
In material equipment.
in a psychological atmosphere.

What should parents do in order not to be disappointed in their choice of a kindergarten?

1. Meet with the head of the kindergarten and find out important questions for yourself. For example:

Find out the mode of operation of the DOW.
Ask to see your license and charter.
Ask about the programs and methods that educators work with.
Pay attention to the number of children in the group and the number of teachers.
Ask to tell you about the staff.
Take an interest in nutrition.
Find out which groups are in the garden.
Ask what extra classes conducted in kindergarten and how much they cost.

2. Meet with the group teachers, talk and understand if you want to send your baby to them. Styles of communication, attitude towards children, the level of professionalism - this is what parents should pay attention to.

3. Meet with nurse kindergarten and once and for all resolve the issue of vaccinations and other medical procedures.

4. Meet with the kindergarten psychologist and talk about possible help from you to your child.

How to choose the right kindergarten?

This question can be looked at from different points of view. Let's focus on the main ones.

In terms of convenience for the child:

It is necessary to choose the nearest kindergarten to the house or the best of the nearest. Why? There are a number of objective reasons.

Preschoolers and toddlers cannot, due to their physical abilities, walk long distances. Or the road will take a long time, or you will carry the child in your arms.

In accordance with the regime of the kindergarten, the child must be brought before 8:30. If you have to go for a long time, then, accordingly, get up early. The child should be well-rested and not tired of the road, then it will be easier for him to adapt and come to the garden in a good mood.

9 months out of 12 possible due to climatic conditions in crowded places (bus, trolleybus, metro) various viral infections. Children are primarily susceptible to airborne infections.

In terms of construction and territory:

It is desirable that the kindergarten be in a separate building, and not in a residential building. Special children's facilities provide facilities for swimming, music, physical education and art classes.

It is important that the garden has large walking area. Plot should be enclosed on all sides by a fence and conditionally divided into as many parts as there are groups in the garden. The site must have game forms(stairs, animal figures, sandboxes, swings, verandas, etc.).

The premise of the kindergarten consists of several groups. Each group has a playroom, dining room, bedroom, toilet. Group equipment should include toys, games, books, children's furniture.

From the point of view of the working staff:

1. Many believe necessary condition higher education from educators (not even pedagogical, but any higher education). Education and professionalism are not the same thing.

Education - not an indicator that the teacher will be able to find the key to the heart of your child. The child is comfortable with the “mommy”, with the “nanny”, with the “darling”, and with the “learned” aunt, for the time being, he is not interested.

2. It is advisable to get acquainted with the educators, inspect the premises of the groups. Each group should have 2 teachers and one assistant teacher. Unfortunately, this is rare, so it's good to have at least 2 people in the group.

The room of the group should include a playroom, a dining room, a bedroom and from the middle group, preferably a room for classes (classroom). Group equipment should include toys, Board games, books, children's furniture, etc.

From the point of view of filling groups.

Important number of children in a group. The most optimal - no more than 15-18 people. However, the realities of "state" gardens are different - usually 20–22 people in a group.

From the point of view of the psychological climate in kindergarten.

Very it is important that you enjoy the atmosphere of the garden. Let it be purely intuitive, but often intuition fails in this matter.

And remember: the choice is yours.

Happy parents raise happy and healthy children.

Like this article?

Types of kindergartens According to the "Model Regulations on Children's Educational Institutions" (No. 666, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on September 12, 2008), kindergartens are divided into several types according to areas of activity. These are preschool educational institutions of a general developmental, compensatory (correctional) or combined type and child development centers. All of them operate on the basis of a single document “Educational Standard of the Russian Federation. Preschool education”, which includes a mandatory set of disciplines, such as: acquaintance with the outside world, ecology, literature, basic mathematical knowledge, educational games, speech development, musical and visual arts, physical education. In addition to what is provided by the "Standard", kindergartens usually implement a number of additional programs, which determines their belonging to a certain category.

Kindergarten functionality general developmental type is clear from the title, it is general development intellectual, physical and creative abilities of the child. But only 23% of them work exclusively according to the "Standard" - the rest supplement it with partial programs aimed at developing certain skills in pupils (creative, physical, intellectual) and in-depth study of various subjects (ecology, religion, mathematics, foreign language). Such kindergartens are allocated in the subcategory "kindergarten with priority implementation of the direction (s) of development of pupils".

Compensating gardens created for children with various pathologies: mental retardation, intellectual disability, hearing, speech, and musculoskeletal disorders. Pupils here are taught according to a special program designed to correct the features of their development, and are also treated. Therefore, not only teachers work in compensatory kindergartens, but also medical workers and narrowly qualified specialists - speech therapists, speech pathologists, psychologists. Special conditions of stay are created for children: food, treatment, physiotherapy, physiotherapy, massage room etc.

Groups in such gardens are small - 5-12 people, and the schedule for visiting the garden varies from 3 hours (short-stay groups) per day to a round-the-clock five-day stay.

The same type of kindergartens includes care and rehabilitation gardens, whose activities are aimed at improving the overall health of frequently ill children and children with reduced immunity. They are equipped with everything necessary for procedures and disease prevention. The basis for enrolling in a kindergarten is the referral of a pediatrician, and as soon as the health of the pupil improves, the child is transferred to a regular kindergarten.

Child Development Center is a kindergarten with an in-depth development of the child's physical and mental abilities, where educational activities are combined with recreational activities. In such an institution, the training program includes additional areas: environmental education, life and health protection, physical development, correctional development (for children with speech and behavioral disorders), introducing children to musical and literary cultural heritage, enhanced preparation for school. Development centers differ from general developing gardens with a developed infrastructure as a priority. There are game and sports complexes, a swimming pool, a sauna, massage and physiotherapy rooms, a computer class, different kinds studios (art studio, music, theater) and laboratories (environmental, photo and film laboratories), a room for fairy tales, a laryngophone room, an ethnographic and "live" corner. The Development Centers practice such general health measures as hardening, sponging, herbal medicine, fortified diets. In kindergartens of this type, visiting teachers are often invited to take classes. foreign languages, rhetoric, rhythmic gymnastics, etc.

IN combined kindergarten included general developmental, compensatory and health groups in different combinations. Kindergartens, which include nursery groups, and integrative kindergartens, where children with reduced abilities to develop communication and learn the correct behavior model, are included in the same category together with ordinary children.

The article "Types of kindergartens" is protected by copyright and related rights.

In the life of almost every child, there comes a moment when he will be taken to the first educational institution - so that his mother can work. Of course, every parent would like his beloved child to get into the best kindergarten and the best teacher. But, as a rule, the child can be sent to that preschool institution, which is located near the house and in which there is a place. And you may have learned that your kindergarten is a combined type. For many mothers and fathers, this concept is completely unknown, and therefore parents begin to worry about where they give the “blood”. To stop this moment from being incomprehensible, we will tell you what a combined kindergarten means.

Combined kindergarten - what is it?

In general, kindergartens are classified according to the direction of specialization. So, for example, there are kindergartens of a general educational type, where the intellectual, physical and moral development of children is carried out. Kindergartens-development centers carry out the same tasks, but these institutions are equipped with play complexes, computer labs and swimming pools. Highly specialized (or compensatory) kindergartens are created for children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, with a delay in physical and mental development.

And if we talk about a kindergarten of a combined type, then this type of preschool institution includes several groups of different directions. In such a kindergarten, along with groups with the usual, general educational direction of education, there are groups with a special specialization, for example, recreational or compensatory. The combination of groups in a general education institution can be very different. Often among the combined groups in kindergarten there are groups with a speech therapy focus, created for children with speech disorders. There is also a kindergarten with school development groups. Many institutions have groups for children with mental or physical retardation.

In fact, combined type kindergartens are more common than other types, which meets the requirements of modern society. Therefore, parents will be able to choose the specialization of the group necessary for their child, whether it is speech correction, education of giftedness or improvement of the body. You can get a referral from the educational authorities based on the results of the examination by doctors.

Most children who have reached the age of 3 are preparing to go to kindergarten. This is a very exciting moment for both the kids themselves and their parents. When filling out the documents, some of them pay attention to the full name of the institution - a kindergarten of a combined type. Not everyone knows what this wording is, and this only increases anxiety. Let's try to figure out what are the features of such a kindergarten.

Types of kindergartens

The types of kindergartens and their activities are determined by an order approving the standard provision on preschool educational institutions. This document is mandatory for the administration of state and municipal preschool institutions. For numerous private kindergartens, he acts as an example. The order defines the following types of preschool institutions:

General developmental type;

compensatory type;

Development Center;

Combined type.

Each of these kindergartens has its own specifics of work, which makes it possible to make a comfortable stay in them for a variety of children, including those with special needs, its delay, children with disabilities.

Kindergarten of a combined type - what is it?

A preschool institution of this type includes several groups of various orientations. Along with the general developmental ones common to most gardens, it includes groups of a compensatory or health-improving type. This allows all children to learn together, to see and recognize the features of each other. It is believed that babies with developmental disabilities adapt better to their environment if they regularly have the opportunity to observe their completely healthy peers.

Group focus

MDOU "Kindergarten of a combined type" includes groups of very different directions. It can be either a combination of all three specializations: general developmental, compensatory and health-improving, or only two of them, for example, general developmental and compensatory. A combined-type garden may have speech therapy groups in its structure, in which there will be children with speech defects. Groups for children with developmental delays, both mental and physical, are often found in such institutions. Some kindergartens have the material and technical base for teaching children with pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.

Educational program

There is a document that guides each preschool institution in its activities, including a combined kindergarten. What it is? It is an educational program that is developed and approved by the kindergarten itself. However, it must comply with certain federal standards. This program defines:

Teaching methods;

Funds needed for the education and development of preschoolers;

direct training program.

MDOU "Kindergarten of a combined type" must have all the necessary means for the implementation of such a program. For example, in an institution where there are groups for children with speech disorders, speech therapists, defectologists, and teachers should be present on the staff. Children with mental retardation need the help of psychologists. Doctors of various specialties usually also belong to the staff, without whom a combined kindergarten cannot work. What kind of specialists they will be depends on the focus of the correctional groups.

Acquisition of pupils

What is a combined type garden, and how are children admitted to it? The staffing of such an institution by pupils also takes place on the basis of a federal order. The age at which kids can go to a combined type kindergarten depends on the material and technical capabilities of a particular institution. Most often, kids go to preschool when they reach 3 years. In general developmental groups, children are accepted on the basis of reaching the appropriate age and number in the queue for a vacant place. For enrollment in the correctional group, the conclusion of certain specialists is also required - a psychologist, defectologist, neurologist or surgeon. The list of a specialist is determined depending on the direction of the group and the health characteristics of the baby himself. The staffing of a kindergarten of a combined type by pupils has another feature. Usually they try to send kids to the preschool, which is located next to the house. But kindergartens of the combined type are not as common, for example, as general developmental ones. Therefore, often in such an institution there are children living in another area of the city.

Organization of the time of stay

How the kids will spend their time in a combined kindergarten depends both on the educational program approved by the institution and on the specifics of the compensating groups. In addition to the activities that are standard for general development institutions, such as free play, walking, sleeping, in such a kindergarten, special attention is paid to corrective classes for children with specialists. Speech therapy games, physiotherapy exercises, development are practiced. fine motor skills and many other ways to spend time with the benefit of your baby's health.

Employees

Most parents, having learned what a combined garden is, understand why this institution has such a large staff. In addition to educators and their assistants, who form the basis of the staff of the general developmental kindergarten, it includes teachers and doctors of narrow specializations. Meanwhile, the same requirements are imposed on them as on other employees of the preschool educational institution:

Availability of a state document on higher or secondary specialized specialized education.

Lack of opportunity to practice pedagogical activity based on a court order.

No convictions for certain types of offences.

Full legal capacity in the manner prescribed by law.

Provision of documents indicating the absence of a specific list of diseases approved by the authorized health authority.

Of course, in addition to these basic requirements, the kindergarten administration takes into account when hiring a person and his personal qualities. Work in any garden requires a lot of patience, professionalism and love for children from the employee. And for a preschool institution of a combined type, such qualities are especially important, because kids in correctional groups need special care.

Kindergarten

This term has other meanings, see Kindergarten (meanings). This term has other meanings, see Nursery.

Kindergarten on a walk, Lakhtinskaya street, Leningrad, 1930s

Six-year kindergarten class in Alanya (Turkey)

Kindergarten in Bietigheim (Baden, Germany)

Kindergarten- an institution for public education of preschool children. Kindergartens as a type of institution exist in most countries and are usually the first link in the system of public education (not counting the education received from parents).

The system of kindergartens is intended for a mass, publicly available solution to the problem of their parents' employment (for which the working hours of a kindergarten in most cases coincide with the typical work schedule of most professions: from 7 am to 7 pm, five days a week). The kindergarten system also provides a minimum preparation of children for schooling - at the level of primary reading, writing and numeracy.

Parents' Day at a kindergarten in Nagoya, Japan, 2009.

Story

As a type of pedagogical institution, the first kindergarten was organized in early XIX century in New Lanark (Scotland) by the utopian socialist R. Owen - the so-called "school for young children."

The name itself - "Kindergarten" came from Germany and was coined in 1837 by the teacher Friedrich Wilhelm August Froebel. He also created an institution for games and activities for young children in the city of Bad Blankenburg. Although this institution existed for only about two years. He came up with the name "Kindergarten" from the considerations that children are the flowers of life, requiring skillful and careful care and gardeners should grow them.

In Russia, the first kindergartens were opened in the 60s. XIX century. They were private and expensive, so they were out of reach for ordinary people. For the first time, kindergartens were mentioned in 1859 (Helsingfors, now the capital of Finland, Helsinki). In Moscow, the first kindergarten was opened only in 1866 at the boarding school for girls Gerke.

The first paid kindergarten was opened in Helsingfors in 1859 by Sedmigradsky, the second in St. Petersburg in 1863 by the wife of the professor of St. Petersburg University S.A. Lugebil, the third - in Helsingfors in 1863, the fourth - in St. Petersburg in 1863 by the editor "Kindergarten" A. S. Simonovich.

In the period from 1866 to 1870, several paid kindergartens were opened by private individuals in Irkutsk, Voronezh, Moscow, Smolensk, Tbilisi, St. Petersburg. In 1868-1869, four paid kindergartens were opened in Moscow, owned by Mamontova, Levenshtern, Solovieva and Rimskaya-Korsakova. In 1893 in Moscow there were 7 paid private kindergartens for children of both sexes (35 girls and 21 boys). All of them were at educational institutions and represented preparatory schools for very young children.

Children from 3 to 8 years old were admitted to these kindergartens. There teachers worked with them, children played outdoor games. In addition, Simonovich began to publish the magazine "Kindergarten", which talked about preschool education.

The first free kindergarten was opened in Russia in 1866. It was a charitable institution under the "Society of cheap apartments for children of St. Petersburg workers."

There was a sewing workshop for sewing children's underwear, a kitchen, a laundry, a school for children. Older children were taught scripture, prayers, various handmade such as weaving, drawing, carving and more. But due to the lack of livelihood, the free kindergarten was soon closed.

The system of preschool educational institutions was actively developing, and after three decades several dozens of kindergartens appeared in Russia: paid and free, for the nobility and intelligentsia, workers, as well as orphanages.

At this time, they began to organize educational courses for educators, lectures and "trainings" were held, relevant literature was published.

On November 20, 1917, the official "Declaration on Preschool Education" was adopted. This document guaranteed free education and upbringing of preschool children.

The first pedagogical faculty with a preschool department was opened in 1918 at Moscow State University. The first "Kindergarten Work Program" was published in 1934, and in 1938 the "Charter of the Kindergarten" was published, which determined the tasks of work, the structure and features of the functioning of preschool institutions, and the "Guide for Kindergarten Teachers", which contained methodological instructions for sections of work with kids.

In the 1920-1930s, the term "children's hearth", or simply "hearth", was in use in the USSR. According to the definition given in TSB 1st edition, the hearth is a kindergarten with an extended working day. The need to lengthen the time spent by children in the garden was caused by the maximum involvement of mothers in socialist construction, their participation in public life.

By the middle of the 20th century, more than two million children were already attending kindergartens. In the post-war period, the first nurseries appeared in the USSR, where parents could leave their babies, starting from two months. In the early 1960s, a single document was developed for all institutions of preschool education, defining their program of work.

At the beginning of the 21st century, there were more than 45,000 preschool institutions in Russia. Modern system pre-school education consists of nurseries, kindergartens, groups of short-stay children, centers of pre-school education.

Classification of kindergartens

Kindergarten of a general developmental type with a priority direction, for example, physical, intellectual, artistic and aesthetic education.
Child development center - kindergarten.
Kindergarten with nursery groups.
Combined Kindergarten. These are the majority. Along with the usual groups, they have groups for children with some form of developmental disabilities. As a rule, these are speech therapy groups (speech correction).
Kindergarten of a compensating type - specialized and sanatorium. In such kindergartens, some chronic diseases are corrected. In specialized kindergartens, unlike sanatoriums, children with chronic diseases can go to the same groups as healthy children. Compensatory and combined kindergartens attract more diverse specialists, mainly doctors, to work.

Depending on the type of kindergarten, the training program, the number of children in the group, the quality of food and toys, and even, to a large extent, the psychological atmosphere will vary.

Kindergarten games

For children of preschool age, the game is of particular importance, since the game for them is both study, and work, and a way of knowing the world around, and a form of education.

Criticism of kindergartens

According to American and European studies, cortisol levels rise in children during kindergarten.

Attachment psychology considers that before the age of five, a child is not able to adequately survive the separation from his parents for the whole day. Therefore, if kindergarten is inevitable, then staying there should be tried to mitigate in a number of ways.

In order to place a child in a kindergarten in Turkmenistan, parents are required to fill out a special questionnaire, indicating detailed information about relatives in three generations, as well as brothers and sisters. In the questionnaire it is necessary to indicate, in addition to passport data and registration, also the degree of kinship, information about the place of work or study, about a criminal record or its absence of all family members.

What does combined kindergarten mean?

Lanagold

Kindergarten of combined type usually different children visit together: healthy and with different diseases, that is, there are different groups in such kindergartens. Meet combined gardens, where in addition to the usual groups there are several speech therapy. Also have combined gardens, where there are specialized groups attended by children with diseases. The development of children in such combined gardens takes place in various directions, it can be health-improving, general developmental, compensatory.

Dolce Vita

In my understanding of a combined type kindergarten, this is when the general educational direction of education, the kindergarten includes several groups of different directions. For example, with a speech therapy focus, created for children with speech disorders. There is also a kindergarten with school development groups. Or with groups with the usual, there are groups with a special specialization, for example, health or compensatory.

Kindergartens in Russia: tell me how to properly divide the types, types, direction of preschool educational institutions

tell me how to properly separate the types, types, direction of the preschool educational institution

Initially thought so
Types of preschool educational institutions:
Kindergarten
Kindergarten of a general developmental type
Kindergarten of a general developmental type with a priority of intellectual development
Kindergarten of a general developmental type with a priority of physical development
Kindergarten of a general developmental type with a priority in the artistic direction
Compensatory Kindergarten for Children with Hearing Impairments
Compensatory Kindergarten for Children with Speech Disorders (with preserved hearing)
Compensatory Kindergarten for Children with Visual Pathology
Compensatory kindergarten for children with intellectual disabilities (mentally retarded)
Compensatory Kindergarten for Children with Musculoskeletal Disorders
Compensatory Kindergarten for Children with Tuberculosis Intoxication
Kindergarten of compensating type of other profiles
Primary School- Kindergarten
Child Development Center

But I read that there are 8 types of DOW:
1Kindergarten of a general developmental type |
2Kindergarten (nursery-kindergarten) for young children |
3Kindergarten (Primary School) for preschool children|
4Kindergarten care and rehabilitation |
5Kindergarten of a compensating type |
6Combined Kindergarten |
7Kindergarten of a general developmental type with a priority implementation of activities |
8Child Development Center|

And further, they are divided into directions:
general developmental type |
of a general developmental type with a priority of intellectual development |
of a general developmental type with a priority of physical development |
of a general developmental type with the priority of the artistic direction |
compensatory type for children with hearing impairments |
of a compensating type for children with speech disorders (with preserved hearing) |
compensatory type for children with vision pathology |
compensatory type for children with intellectual disabilities (mentally retarded) |
compensatory type for children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system |
compensatory type for children with tuberculosis intoxication |
compensating type of other profiles |

http://www.vdetsadu.ru/index.php?option=com_mtree&task=addlisting&cat_id=38&Itemid=61

Looking for like-minded people

Olga zvonkova

The new Model Regulation on a preschool educational institution has changed the fundamental approach to determining the types of preschool educational institutions. A group of children of preschool age is singled out as the main structural unit. Groups can have a different orientation - general developmental, compensatory, combined and improving; can work
in the mode of full (12 hours), shortened (10 hours), extended (14 hours) day, round-the-clock or short-term (3–5 hours) stay.
In groups of a general developmental orientation, training and education are carried out in accordance with the educational program of the institution, developed by it independently on the basis of an exemplary basic general educational program for preschool education and federal state requirements for the structure of the main general educational program for preschool education and the conditions for its implementation.
Compensatory groups provide qualified correction of deficiencies in physical and (or) mental development and preschool education for children with disabilities.
Health-improving groups are created for children with tuberculosis intoxication, frequently ill children and other categories of pupils who need a set of special health-improving measures. Such groups are focused on pre-school education of children, as well as the implementation of sanitary and preventive
and wellness procedures.
In groups of combined orientation, joint education of healthy children and children with disabilities is implemented.
For the first time, it is possible to organize groups of a combined orientation, in which healthy children and children with disabilities, including children with disabilities, will receive preschool education. Thus, the regulatory legal framework for inclusive or joint preschool education has been created.
In this regard, standards for the maximum occupancy of combined groups have been established depending on the category of children with disabilities.
Taking into account the orientation of the groups and the age of the children, eight types of preschool educational institutions will differ. In addition to the six types of preschool educational institutions that have already become traditional, two new types are being introduced - a kindergarten for young children (from 2 months to 3 years), a kindergarten for older preschool children
(from 5 to 7 years).
The model provision also provides that groups for preschool children can be created in educational institutions of other types (in addition to preschool educational institutions). Thus, new variable models of preschool education are normatively fixed.
Types of educational institutions
1. Preschool educational institution
2. General educational institution for children of preschool and primary school age
3. Educational institution
4. Evening (shift) educational institution
5. Boarding school
6. Cadet school (cadet boarding school)
7. General education boarding school with initial flight training
8. Suvorov Military, Nakhimov Naval School, Cadet (Naval Cadet) Corps
9. Health-improving educational institution of a sanatorium type for children in need of long-term treatment
10. Educational institution for orphans and children left without parental care
11. Special educational institution for children and adolescents with deviant behavior
12. Special (correctional) educational institution for students, pupils with developmental disabilities
13. Educational institution for children in need of psychological, pedagogical and medical and social assistance
14. Educational institution of additional education for children
15. Educational institution of primary vocational education.

5. DOE, in accordance with their focus, is divided into the following types:
Kindergarten
Kindergarten with the priority implementation of one or more areas of development of pupils (intellectual, artistic and aesthetic, physical, etc.)
Kindergarten of a compensating type with priority implementation of qualified correction of deviations in the physical and mental development of pupils
Kindergarten of supervision, care and rehabilitation with priority implementation of sanitary-hygienic, preventive and health-improving measures and procedures
Kindergarten of a combined type (combined kindergarten may include general developmental, compensatory and recreational groups in various combinations)
Child Development Center - a kindergarten with the implementation of physical and mental development, correction and rehabilitation of all pupils