Garden and vegetable garden in April. April garden calendar. Protection from sunburn and frost

The main work of the gardener and gardener in April

1. April is the responsible month . First of all, it is necessary to drain the water from the site, for this it is necessary to dig trenches along the slope of the site so that the water flows into the ditch. If there is no slope on the site, then simply dig a shallow groove, gradually deepening it so that the water flows in the right direction. Especially dangerous is the stagnation of water on raspberries, strawberries and clematis.

2. At the beginning of the month, it is necessary to remove the spruce branches from young plantings of strawberries, roses, irises, clematis, lilies, especially from oriental hybrids, because under a warm shelter they will quickly start to grow and their flower bud may freeze out during return frosts. But boxes of roses and clematis do not rush to shoot.

3. Feed with nitrogen fertilizer (3 tablespoons of urea per 10 liters of water) lovage, rhubarb, sorrel. You can use instead of urea an infusion of manure or bird droppings, diluted with water 1:10 or 1:20, respectively. If at the same time you cover these landings with lutrasil or put arcs over them and stretch the film, then by the first of May you will already have greenery.

4. If compost heap located in the sun, then you can sow early greens (chervil, watercress, cilantro, parsley, lettuce, spinach, dill) and early carrots, as well as radishes. To do this, shed last year's pile of compost hot water, pour a layer of soil about 7-8 cm high on top of it, and then sow the seeds. I usually do it this way: I mix one teaspoon of seeds with half a glass of fine sand and sow in the furrows as if I were salting food. You can use special seeders, in which the hole is adjusted according to the size of the seeds. In this case, the seedlings will not thicken. From above, the crops should be sprinkled with soil with a layer of 1-2 cm, compacted with a board and covered with a film until germination. Warmth and moisture are stored under it, and shoots appear faster. After the emergence of seedlings, the film must be removed so that they do not burn out. If you cover the crops with lutrasil or spunbond, then the covering material can not be removed until the plants grow up. Before germination, crops should be watered directly over the material if the weather is dry or windy so that the hatched seeds do not dry out in the top drying soil layer.

5. In early April, pre-grow on vegetable beds weeds covering the ground old film and fasten it so that the wind does not blow it away. Under the film, weeds will quickly sprout, and as soon as they appear, remove the film and loosen the beds, leaving them open for a day. Then cover again with foil and repeat the operation. Now there are no weeds in the top layer of soil in the garden. It is important not to dig up the soil, but only before sowing, loosen it with a Fokin flat cutter, then make furrows for sowing with the sharp end of the flat cutter. Sowing in open ground all of the above crops can be produced at the time of flowering mother and stepmother, that is, in late April - early May.

6. To get early strawberries, cover at least one bed with a film on arcs or double thin lutrasil directly over the bushes, but first spray strawberry plantings with a spring cocktail. It is prepared as follows: two grains of Healthy Garden, two grains of Ecoberin, two drops of Zircon, six drops of Fitoverm, four drops of Uniflor-growth - all together for 1 liter of water. "Healthy Garden" and "Ecoberin" must first be thoroughly dissolved in 100 g of water.

7. At home, water the seedlings of tomatoes and peppers moderately so as not to overmoisten the soil. Remember that seedlings need good lighting. As a top dressing, I use a weak solution of Uniflor-growth (1 teaspoon per 3-5 liters of water), with which I water the seedlings instead of water. Do not forget to spray the leaves of tomatoes and eggplants with a very weak solution of a copper preparation (the easiest way is to use Hom (copper oxychloride), dissolving one fifth of a teaspoon of the powder in 5 liters of water). The solution can stand, you will use it two more times approximately every two weeks. This is a good preventive measure against late blight. As mentioned above, instead of "Homa" you can use "Fitosporin".

To give seedlings vitality, you can spray them a couple of times during growth with the above spring cocktail. But the often recommended spraying with a solution of manganese can be omitted, since it does not save from late blight, and other diseases rarely appear on tomato seedlings. Peppers can be sprayed with a solution of potassium permanganate, especially if they are annoyed by aphids. Pepper is difficult to protect from aphids if they are in the same room with houseplants. The Healthy Garden helps a lot against it, but if the aphids are already on the plants, then the concentration of the solution should be increased to 4-6 grains per 1 liter of water. The apartment can be used "Fitoverm". This is an excellent protection not only from aphids, but also from thrips.

8. Good results are obtained by systematic spraying of seedlings (or watering) with a solution of the Healthy Garden and Ecoberin preparations (two grains of each must be completely dissolved in 100 g of water, and then, adding water to 1 liter, mix well). This solution can stand for a long time, it can be added to top dressing (Uniflor-growth or Bud solution) and water the seedlings with it instead of water.

9. It's time to take the potatoes out of storage. Dip it in hot (45°C) water. When the water has cooled, add potassium permanganate to a bright pink color and hold the tubers in the solution for 15-20 minutes. Then wash the tubers, dry them and lay them out for vernalization in a bright and cool place. At the end of April, put the potatoes in cardboard boxes, layering each layer with newspaper, and put in a warm place so that good, strong sprouts appear. You will plant grown tubers, thereby accelerating the ripening of the crop by two weeks.

10. If you have not done pruning, then at the very beginning of the month you can still do it. Start with blackcurrant bushes, gooseberries and honeysuckle.

Cut off the black ends of the branches, rejuvenate the bushes by cutting out the old branches. At the gooseberry it is necessary to cut out all the young shoots growing in the middle. Only those that grow along the edges of the bush should be left. In red and white currants, the tops of the branches are not cut off, but only the old branches and those branches that branch into the crown are removed. In honeysuckle, pruning thickens the crown or broken branches.

Do not rush to cut cherries and plums, leave it for the fall, otherwise the wounds after cutting under strong pressure of the juice will not close and gum will form (growths from thickened juice). Take your time with pruning apple or pear trees. After a harsh winter, the ends of the branches could freeze slightly, but some of them will be able to recover from the buds on the bark, so leave pruning for the end of summer. Frozen wood from apple trees has a light brown color on the cut. Start pruning from the end of the branch and, gradually moving from the end to the skeletal branches, you will get to the place where the cut is light. Starting from this point, the tissue of the tree is alive, and there is no need to cut further. But keep in mind that unfrozen pear wood is slightly creamy, so don't try to cut the branch down to white wood!

11. At the very beginning of the month, while the buds have not yet awakened, you can have time to spray with ferrous sulfate (1 teaspoon without top per 100 g of water) to destroy lichens on tree trunks.

12. In addition, it is still possible to spray against wintering pests with a solution of urea (700 g per 10 liters of water). Spraying should be done at the ends of the branches, along the branches and skeletal branches, along the trunk and near-stem circle along the soil.

13. Toward the end of the month, those plants should be sprayed in which the scales of the kidneys have moved apart and a green cone of leaves has appeared, since the first pests lay their larvae here. But, of course, a high concentration solution cannot be used, so spray with infusions and decoctions of weeds or infusion of needles to disorientate pests with their smell.

14. April - good time for vaccinations. You can cut the cuttings for grafting in early April, wrap them in a newspaper, put them in a plastic bag and dig them into the snow on the north side of the house - but so that they are not flooded with melt water. At the end of the month, these cuttings can be used for grafting.

15. At the end of the month, sow directly into the ground in place the seeds of annuals that are not afraid of frost (poppy, escholcia, cosmea, cornflowers, iberis, catchment, forget-me-nots). Other flowers can also be sown directly into the ground, even such as tobacco or petunia, but their crops should be covered with a film stretched over small arcs. Arcs are easy to make yourself from willow twigs, from which you should immediately remove the bark (willow usually grows along ditches). Can be used as props plastic bottles with water, placed along the landings. Lutrasil is thrown on them in two layers. Water gives the bottles stability and, heating up during the day, gives off heat at night, thereby leveling out sharp daily temperature fluctuations.

16. At the end of the month, you can remove the shelter from all ornamental plants except for clematis.

It is better to cover their growing shoots with at least lutrasil.

17. At home, in early April, sow leaf parsley on greens and bush dill - in order to plant seedlings in a greenhouse or soil at the very beginning of May.

18. In addition, you can sow medium-term cabbage, both cabbage and cauliflower (or broccoli).

19. At the end of the month, it's time to go to nurseries for seedlings of perennial and annual flowers and vegetables and for planting material for strawberries, ornamental and berry bushes (usually grown in containers) - for example, to Slavyanskaya Usadba in Shaglino (between Pavlovsky and Gatchina Varshavskaya), where well-known experts from Hardwick work.

Fruit trees grown in containers can be purchased at the New Agrotechnologies nursery in Pushkin on Gusarskaya Street, 15. New varieties of strawberries by the famous breeder G. D. Alexandrova, which have proven themselves in the North-West region, are also sold there.

Now in major cities huge OBI stores appeared, specializing in the sale of goods for gardeners. There, in particular, a large selection of all kinds planting material. However, you should know that this entire range is grown using special technologies on a conveyor belt in greenhouses, and therefore, as a rule, it dies in the open field, especially in our region. Such plants should be kept in containers and put outside only in suitable weather.

New seed varieties

New varieties of tomatoes and cucumbers for low greenhouses, loggias and balconies. Almost all of these tomatoes and cucumbers can be grown on glazed loggias and balconies, as well as a room on the windowsill. But containers for plants should be at least 3-4 liters.

Decorative hybrids "Pearl yellow", "Pearl red" only 20-30 cm high. They can be grown in a room on the windowsill. These tomatoes produce up to 30 small fruits weighing only 15-20 g each. It is well suited for Hedgehog loggias and balconies. The variety is quite tall (60 cm), with fruits weighing up to 80 g. Hybrid "Ustinya" - a short bush with fruits weighing about 80 g, "Venus" - with fruits up to 90 g, "Inkas", "Koenig", "Mikhey" , Sophia. More varieties: "Rival" with fruits up to 100 g, "Suiter" with tomatoes up to 120 g, "Knight", "Marusya". There is a new variety, resistant to adverse weather conditions, "Crossbow" with red fruits weighing 50-60 g.

Varieties of cucumbers suitable for growing on a windowsill in an apartment: Dynamite and Berendey.

Carrot. Early - "Sister", "Mother-in-law", "Crunchy" (resistant to carrot fly), medium term - "Baltimore", "Supermuscat", late for storage - "Giant Ross" and "Malika".

In early April, gardeners have a lot of work to do. It is necessary to have time to prune trees and shrubs, ventilate winter shelters, protect plants from sunburn, sow seedlings, take care of perennials and the lawn.

Tree pruning in spring

The crown of fruit trees and shrubs must be cut between the melting of snow and the moment of bud swelling. Some gardeners underestimate spring pruning. In fact, this is a very important matter. Thanks to banal pruning, you can improve the quality of fruits and the yield of trees, as well as regulate their growth.

The degree of pruning depends on the age of trees and shrubs. The frequency of pruning is also important. If you resorted to it from time to time, you will have to tinker a lot.

Airing

Airing of hydrangeas, roses, and other heat-loving plants covered for the winter should be started from the middle or end of March. It all depends on weather conditions. For ventilation, it is necessary to choose sunny days with positive temperatures. The coating that protects the plantings must first be lifted a little and only increase access over time. fresh air. Sheltered landings should gradually get used to the new temperature regime so they don't get stressed.

Protection from sunburn and frost

In early spring, plants are at high risk of getting sunburn. This is especially true for conifers. Their burns, as a rule, appear only on the open part of the crown, which is facing the sun and is not covered by snow. After a burn, the needles turn red, often occupying most of the crown. To prevent this from happening, do not be lazy to throw snow from the paths onto the bare part of the alpine hill. Tall conifers, which cannot be covered with snow, are suitable for spruce branches. It must be fixed on the plant in tiers from the bottom up.

Lawn care in spring

The beginning of March is characterized by alternation of frosts and thaws. Such weather conditions are dangerous for lawns. Snow that has melted in the sun with the arrival of night frosts is easily covered with an ice crust, which complicates the access of air to the lawn. Due to the fact that the snow has not completely melted, unpleasant bald spots may appear on the lawn. To prevent this from happening, break the ice crust as it appears.

Caring for perennials in spring

Particular attention should be paid to perennials when the snow has completely melted. It is necessary to remove dead shoots and leaves from plantings. It is also necessary to carry out preventive measures to combat diseases and pests of perennials on a regular basis.

Sowing seedlings

Sowing seedlings is another important matter for a summer resident in early spring. An excellent time for sowing many annuals is the third decade of March. Keep in mind that the soil for seedlings may have a different composition, but it must be fresh, that is, not previously used for growing plants. It is not necessary to fry and overheat the soil, since this process also kills the necessary

At the cottage - April And that means the season has begun! And there is no time to be lazy, we pick up a tool - and get to work. We're in business April at the cottage great multitude.

April is the most cheerful spring month: “April dresses the whole earth in flowers, calls all people to joy, crowns all the trees with foliage.”

Spring deftly cracks down on snow and ice. The beds that have rested during the winter are awakening to life again, and we feel how they breathe the smells of ripening soil ...

You do not have to be an experienced gardener to understand: the most laborious season has come.

There is, perhaps, no work, except for harvesting, that would not be required to be carried out at this time.

And moisture should be retained, and the soil should be loosened, and fertilizers should be applied, and plants should be planted or transplanted, cut off and protected from pests and diseases ... And yet, the main, essentially continuous work now is work with seedlings.

The seedling method of growing plants is more reliable and the only one for many places.

The summer season is gaining momentum, and how to deal with all this, how to manage everything, what to grab on to in the first place? After all, it seems that all things are urgent.

This is where the plan that we made in the winter comes in handy. If it is not there, then I want to advise you, my friends, to take a “country notebook” and think carefully about the work plan for each day so as not to forget to do anything.

What do we need to do in the garden?

So I wrote these lines and thought about what to write next, because our beautiful Spring, something is not in a hurry to us at all. Huge drifts of snow are in no hurry to melt, and the frosts do not end there.

Apparently, where she is now, she is much better and she completely forgot that we are waiting for her, we can’t wait.

And in many regions of our country, including ours, the March work on suburban area not done, let alone the April ones.

But since our country is huge, I hope that there are still those places where spring came on time and this article will be useful to them.

And we will have to do all the work that we could do slowly for two months at an accelerated pace, rolling up our sleeves.

So, we finish everything that we did not do in March and move on:

We remove the winter binding of trees, remove dry branches, leaves, last year's mulch, plant debris, spruce branches. It is best to burn all collected garbage;
We cut off the broken, dry, dead branches, and in those places where you find the egg-laying of pests on the branches, it is necessary to cut the branch completely and immediately burn it;
We will apply fertilizers on melted snow on the near-trunk circles of fruit trees, as well as shrubs, and then mulch with manure, humus or peat. Such measures are most loved by raspberry, currant and gooseberry bushes;
We try not to walk around the site if the earth is still wet, so as not to trample it - wait until the soil dries;
We prune gooseberries, black and red currants;
We loosen the dried soil and at the same time we introduce complex mineral fertilizer and humus under perennials in trunk circles;
We clean tree trunks from mosses and lichens, wash them with a solution of iron sulfate (500 g per 10 liters of water), and also close up hollows and large cracks;
In the second half of April, we plant seedlings of fruit trees and shrubs in pre-prepared planting pits, while watering them abundantly and, of course, tying them to supports;
We carefully examine the currant bushes and if you see overgrown buds that resemble cabbage heads, then immediately cut them off and burn them, as bud mites have settled there (several thousand of these voracious pests are hiding in one bud). In April, they have not yet had time to leave the kidneys and, therefore, there is a chance to get rid of them;
When the snow melts, we deal with strawberries: we rake the mulch from the bushes, cut off the dried leaves, feed them with complex mineral fertilizer (2 tablespoons per m 2 beds) and, if you want to get an early harvest, cover the strawberries with a film, pulling it over arcs.

And in the garden?

We begin work in the garden as soon as the snow completely melts and the soil dries enough so that it does not stick to the shovel and legs:

- First of all, we will prepare the soil for planting seedlings in the ground vegetable crops, namely, to preserve moisture, it is necessary to loosen the site and you can immediately plant seedlings;
- Already at the beginning of the month, radishes, parsley, carrots, onions, lettuce, dill, spinach, peas can be sown in open ground, but on condition that the plantings are covered with a film for the night;
- In a lighted place 35-40 days before planting, we spread potatoes for vernalization, but only so that there are no direct sun rays and, if April is warm enough in your region, then the germinated varieties of early potatoes can be planted by covering the seedlings with a film;
- We prepare new beds and cover them with a film to retain moisture and heat;
- We process greenhouses with 3% Bordeaux liquid to destroy pathogens, and it is also advisable to wash all the transparent surfaces of the greenhouse and then loosen the soil and fill it with fertilizers;
- We sow salads, broccoli, kohlrabi and Beijing cabbage, spice and flavoring herbs in a greenhouse or under a film on a garden bed;
- We sow peas, carrots, parsnips, spinach, radishes, turnips, dill and parsley in open ground, plant spring garlic, onion sets, onion and shallots on a feather;
- Also, do not forget to spud seedlings of asparagus, scorzonera, lettuce chicory in order to get bleached shoots;
- We rake off the mulch from winter plantings of winter garlic and onion sets, loosen the soil and feed;
- We sow cucumbers, zucchini, squash, pumpkin, early undersized tomatoes for seedlings;
- Because of the new troubles that have appeared, we will try not to forget about the previously planted seedlings of pepper, eggplant and tomatoes, which also require care;
- We take out seedlings for hardening on warm days on open air but protect from direct sunlight;

Let's take care of flowers

Our favorite flowers are also waiting for our attention:

We begin to gradually remove shelters from roses, rhododendrons and other heat-loving crops that were covered, and if there are still frosts at night, then we only slightly raise the shelters during the day, thereby giving the plants a "breathe";
We remove the shelters completely when the snow finally melts;
We cut the roses while the buds have not yet begun to grow, at a temperature not lower than 5 O WITH;
We cut out thin, weak and too old branches from roses, as well as frozen, blackened, broken and shrunken parts of the shoots to the first overwintered bud on the bottom of the shoot with a green clean crown;
We cultivate the soil under the bushes with antifungal fungicides, then we fertilize and mulch;
As soon as the first sprouts of bulbous plants appear, it is necessary to feed them, loosen the soil around them and spray them from pests;
We rake peat or other mulch from the lilies and, when the stems begin to grow, we feed them, and so that the lilies do not get sick, we pour (after a while) with this solution: dilute 1 tablespoon of soda, blue vitriol, ammonia in 1 liter of warm water and this solution, while stirring in a thin stream, pour into a watering can filled with cold water;
We sow in a greenhouse or under film for seedlings annual dahlias, amaranth, balsam, calendula, cosmea, lavater, alissum, marigolds;
We are filming winter shelters from clematis, we feed them and mulch;
In the end of the month there comes a short spring period of division of perennials such as: peonies - they are divided until the moment when the buds start to grow, irises should also be tried to be divided into very short time until the period of their active growth;

And such perennials as phloxes, astilbes, delphiniums, chrysanthemums can be divided in the spring with less haste. But still, they graft better if divided before the growth and unfolding of the leaves.

Feed all perennial flowers, after removing the winter shelter;
Don't forget about the lawn, which also needs your attention, walk on it with a rake to remove debris, and be sure to feed it with nitrogen fertilizer.

That's how much work we have to do, dear summer residents! But no matter how busy we are, let's not forget about rest, about our health.

Happy season, dear friends!

The list of works in the country in April

In April, the last snow melts in the bright sun, the earth begins to dry out, the first flowers appear, and the first leaves appear on the trees. The garden comes to life.

This month, you can already rejoice at those who have successfully survived the winter. autumn plantings and remove winter shelters (spruce branches, a thick layer of dry leaves) so that the plants have the opportunity to develop further - in fresh air and sunlight.

Consider the climate of your area: if you remove the shelters too early, you can cause irreparable damage to the plants.

April signs

If in early April the surface of the snow is rough - to the harvest.

A thunderstorm in early April - to a warm summer and a harvest of nuts.

April with water - May with grass.

Wet April is good arable land.

Works on the lunar calendar for April

Waxing Crescent. Trimming of trees and shrubs is not recommended. auspicious time for irrigation and application of mineral fertilizers, sowing for seedlings of tomatoes, early ripe varieties pepper. A good time for loosening seedlings and working indoors, grafting fruit trees and shrubs.

Full moon. At this time, nothing should be sown, planted or transplanted, cut. You can check the garden tools.

Waning moon. At this time, you can put the potato tubers in a warm room for germination, in the near-trunk circles of fruit trees and shrubs, and on the strawberry beds, apply fertilizer over the melting snow. Remove shelters from trees, shrubs and perennial flowers.

April gardening list

In April, for the prevention of fungal diseases (scab, septoria), it is recommended to treat near-stem circles of fruit trees with a solution of urea (700 g), ammonium nitrate (1 kg) or nitroammophoska (1 kg), diluted in 10 liters of water.

April is a good time to remove dried pears, apple trees, plums, cherries from the site, as they are the source of most fungal diseases.

Shrubs can be treated with copper sulphate.

Sowing vegetables in April

In April, seeds of cold-resistant crops begin to be sown in the soil.

In early April, they continue to germinate potatoes, regularly checking them for diseases. A week before planting, the tubers are laid in one layer and covered with compost or sawdust. Planted potatoes will sprout faster. But it’s not worth keeping potatoes under peat for a long time, as they form roots that can intertwine with each other and will be injured when planted.

About 4 days before planting, potatoes are sprayed with a special nutrient solution (1.5 tablespoons of superphosphate, 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water).

Potatoes are planted when the soil warms up to +8 ° C.

❧ Potato planting time can be determined from birch trees. As soon as the trees begin to turn green, then you can plant potatoes.

At the beginning of the month, they start sowing radishes, peas, dill, seedless cabbage, lettuce, rhubarb, carrots, leaf celery, parsnip.

First of all, you need to sow radishes, because due to the lengthening of daylight hours, there is a possibility of the vegetable shooting. Spinach is sown on the same bed with radish. It will help protect root crops from cruciferous flea damage.

Next to the radish, you can place beds with onions and garlic. Radishes are a good precursor to cucumbers. Radishes are best sown after nightshade crops, cucumbers and beans.

In the middle of the month, you can start sowing beets if the soil temperature is + 8-10 degrees. In this situation, seedlings will appear in 2 weeks.

At the same time, chard (leaf beet) is sown. This plant can be cut for a long time and used to make salads, soups and cabbage rolls (photo).

Favorable time for planting black onions. Shoots that appear after 3-4 weeks are thinned out. By the end of summer, onions give good harvest.

When planting carrots, the beds can be slightly thickened. After the root crops reach 1 cm in thickness, the extra ones are pulled out and used for food. The rest will gain weight and volume by the end of the season.

Garlic, which remained from the winter, is planted in the beds. It grows more slowly than the one that was planted in the fall, but as a result reaches the same size. In April, they are engaged in the breakdown of beds, taking into account the compatibility of crops. Perennial crops are sown taking into account the fact that areas occupied by sorrel and rhubarb will be excluded from the crop rotation for a couple of years. In April, they continue to grow seedlings that were planted earlier, the seedlings swoop down, feed.

In the middle of the month, you can start hardening seedlings of early cabbage. Mid-season varieties are planted in open ground at the end of April. At the same time, seedlings of peppers, tomatoes and eggplants are hardened.

Bush care in April

In April, blackcurrant and gooseberry bushes should be inspected for the presence of twisted tops of branches - they need to be cut and burned, these are traces of powdery mildew.

When the snow melts, they trim the shrubs, if they did not do this in the fall. Weak, diseased and broken branches are cut out. In gooseberries, red and white currants, all branches older than 8 years are cut out, in black currants - older than 4 years. If the currant has shoots affected by a bud mite, they are also cut and burned.

Raspberry branches are released, dry and weak young shoots are removed. Healthy shoots are lifted and tied to trellises.

Works in the flower garden in April

In April, it is important to take care of roses. Shelters are removed from them gradually, the bushes are cut, fed, treated for diseases and pests. First of all, urea or ammonium nitrate is added (20 g per 10 liters of water). Bushes spud at the base of the stems. With the threat of night frosts, growing shoots cover.

In April, they continue to care for flower seedlings. Every 10 days watered with settled water, make mineral fertilizers. In the second half of April, seedlings can be taken out for hardening.

At the beginning of the month, the last crops are carried out for seedlings of annuals. Flowers such as marigolds, sweet peas, nasturtium, zinnia are sown while observing the interval between seeds (3-4 cm). Cover with foil. After the threat of frost has passed, the seedlings can be transplanted to permanent place to the flower garden.

Perennial flowers (aquilegia, gaillardia, carnation, delphinium, bluebells, cornflower) are sown in the greenhouse as soon as the soil warms up.

In early April, it is important to pick seedlings. The first time the March crops dive, the second - the February ones. At the end of the month, you can sow and dive plants in a semi-warm or cold greenhouse.

A complex mineral fertilizer with a high nitrogen content is applied. First, March crops are fed. The first time after 7-10 days after picking, the second - after 14 days.

Do not forget to feed bulbous and perennials (phloxes, irises, hemerocalis, astilbe, hosta, primrose, lilies of the valley, daffodils, hyacinths, crocuses, scillas, snowdrops, muscari, etc.). Make a mixture of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers (2:1).

April is the time when you can divide peonies, irises, hemerocalis, astshby, phloxes, delphiniums, chrysanthemums, etc. Peonies begin to divide after the soil has completely thawed. Irises in the spring delag in a short time, i.e. until they enter a phase of active growth. Phloxes, hemerocalis, astilbes, delphiniums, chrysanthemums can be divided in more extended periods. However, they will take root better if they are divided before active growth begins.

In April, you can divide the dahlia root tubers and put them in a warm place for growing. After the appearance of sprouts 5-7 cm high, some of them are cut into cuttings and planted in a pot filled with fertile soil and clean sand. The pot is placed in a bright place at a temperature of +20 ° C.

In the second half of April, coniferous trees can be planted. They try to plant so as not to damage the earthen ball, the root neck is left on. soil level. Planted trees are plentifully watered and shaded.

After the soil thaws, dries and warms up, a plot is prepared for sowing annual crops (cornflowers, godetia, dimorphoteka, iberis, poppy, mattiola, mignonette, scabiosa, phlox, calendula, gypsophila, left-handed, sunflower, statice, clarkia, lavatera, escholzia , foxglove, purslane). If the soil was not fertilized in the fall, then superphosphate (50 g / m 2) and potassium sulfate (25 g / m 2) are added and dug to a depth of 18 cm.

In the second decade of the month, perennials (aquilegia, gaillardia, pinnate carnation, delphinium, bluebells, nivyanik and pyrethrum) can be sown in a greenhouse. The air temperature for seed germination is + 15-22 degrees.

In early April, begonia tubers are taken out of the basement, cleaned of dried roots and remnants of the earth and placed for 30 minutes in a 0.05% solution of potassium permanganate. Large tubers with kidneys are cut with a sharp knife into several parts so that each part has 1 kidney. Places of cuts are processed charcoal, after which the plants are planted in an earthen mixture and put up for growing. Begonias grow well at temperatures not lower than +18 ° C. Begonias should not be allowed to dry out.

April vineyard care

At the beginning of the month, as soon as the soil dries up, and the air temperature no longer drops to -10 ° C, the grape bushes can be opened. First of all, this applies to shelters with earth on chernozem and loamy soils. If the grapes were covered with peat, needles or sawdust, they are removed before the eyes swell.

In early April, organic and mineral fertilizers are introduced into the grooves, and then sprinkled with earth. You can also apply liquid top dressing, combined with watering.

Bundles of vines must be attached to the trellis without untying. The vines are cleared of earth and plant residues.

If the bushes were hit last year, it is time to spray to prevent diseases and pests. It is recommended to use nitrafen (200-300 g per 10 liters of water). The grapes are processed at a temperature of +4-5 °C.

If you removed the cover from the grapes and noticed that it is covered with a white coating of mold, do not be alarmed - after a couple of hours the coating will disappear.

In the second half of April, when the probability of frost is low, a dry garter is made. The sleeves are tied up obliquely, and the fruit arrows are tied horizontally, slightly bending the ends with an arc. If the bush is formed correctly, then the fruit arrows will fill the first wire evenly, without overlapping each other.

In the middle of the month, lignified grape seedlings can be planted.

Other works in April

In addition to the main work, cuttings are harvested in April for grafting ornamental shrubs. The cuttings are wrapped in a wet cloth, then placed in cellophane and placed on the ground on the north side of any building.

In April, you can do pruning shrubs.

If there is a reservoir on the site, then it will be reactivated.

The lawn is put in order with a heavy rake, damaged areas are repaired with turf, and nitrogen fertilizers are applied. At the end of April, the lawn can be mowed.

Work in the garden and in the garden in April.

April is a month when there is an immense amount of work in the garden and in the garden. In April, the planting of many garden crops begins, because the seeds of most vegetables begin to germinate already at a soil temperature of 1-4 degrees Celsius. Correctly in the old days they said "As you stomp, so you will burst."

Make sure that on the site there was no stagnation of melt water, divert water in the desired direction by digging grooves. Stagnant water is especially dangerous for raspberries, strawberries and clematis.
Those beds that were covered for the winter with spruce branches, needs to be released from hiding so that the plantings (garlic, roses, lilies, clematis, etc.) do not get wet or start growing prematurely under a warm shelter, they need fresh air and sunlight. However, it is necessary to take into account the climatic conditions of a particular area, since removing the shelter too early can harm the plants.
April starts sowing seeds of cold-resistant crops into the soil. In early April, it is necessary to start sowing peas, radishes, seedless cabbage, dill, parsley, fennel, lettuce, rhubarb, leaf celery, parsnips. Before you start sowing, do not forget about crop rotation (i.e. take into account predecessors) and the compatibility of the neighborhood of different crops.
Sow early greens(watercress, indau (arugula), cilantro, mustard, parsley, lettuce, spinach, dill) and early carrots, as well as radishes. If there are unheated greenhouses, the harvest of early greens and radishes can be obtained before planting the main crops in the greenhouse or by placing them between seedlings. You can also grow this early greens and radishes on compost beds spilled with boiling water and covered with a film. First of all, sow radishes, as with lengthening daylight hours, this vegetable will go into the arrow.
Begin mid-April sow beets and chard. Chard greens can be used in salads, soups, and for making cabbage rolls.
The garlic left over from the winter, having previously prepared it, can be planted in the beds in mid-April. With you will get a harvest a little later than garlic planted in the fall, but eventually the heads will turn out to be standard sizes.
After the snow melted apply fertilizer(per 1 m 2): organic - 2-3 kg, bird droppings in liquid form 200 gr., urea, ammonium nitrate- 35 gr., Phosphate fertilizers - 50 gr., Potash fertilizers - 20 gr., Wood ash - 1 cup, lime - 2 cups. For each crop, those fertilizers are added that they need the most.
Before sowing the main crops on the beds, loosen the soil rake or Fokine flat cutter. Repeat this operation several times to destroy all weeds that are in the top layer of the soil. The main thing - do not dig the soil, but only loosen. Sowing will begin in late April or early May, it depends on weather conditions, there are no exact dates, planting time can be suggested.
brush beds of strawberries and strawberries from old leaves and feed all plantings.
In April the most time to get vaccinated. Cuttings for grafting are cut in early April, dropped into the snow on the north side of the house, wrapped in cloth or newspaper and put in a plastic bag. And at the end of the month, these cuttings are used for grafting.
Do not forget take care of seedlings peppers, tomatoes, eggplants, leeks, celery, etc. Water moderately and spend.
In mid-April, you can begin to harden seedlings of early cabbage, celery, black onions and leeks, and at the end of the month we begin to harden seedlings of tomatoes, peppers, and eggplants.
seed potatoes must be taken out of storage or purchased new and carried out (vernalization) (if you did not do this in March).
Check all the bushes and trees in the garden if you don't made a pruning in previous months, then hurry up to do it in early April. Rejuvenate bushes blackcurrant, raspberry, gooseberry and honeysuckle, cutting out old branches and removing excess poorly developed young, broken or thickened. Pruning cherries, plums, apple trees and pears is best postponed until the end of summer or autumn. Heal your wounds on trees after cleaning with garden pitch.
Remove and destroy the dried fruits of apples, pears, cherries and plums - the source of many fungal and bacterial diseases. On blackcurrant and gooseberry bushes, cut and burn the twisted tops of the branches - the result of last year's powdery mildew damage to the plant.
At the beginning of April, while the kidneys have not yet awakened, carry out spraying iron vitriol (1 teaspoon per 100 grams of water) to kill lichens on tree trunks, and against wintering pests with a solution of urea (700 grams per 10 liters of water). It is necessary to spray trees and shrubs from pests at the beginning of bud break. Trees and shrubs can be treated with a Bordeaux mixture (100 g of copper sulfate and 100 g of lime per 10 liters of water) against powdery mildew, rust, and necrosis. Against powdery mildew, mullein infusion is used (1/3 of the container is filled with mullein, poured with water, insisted for 3 days, filtered, diluted 3 times with water, sprayed). Against the spider mite, karbofos is used (30 g per 10 liters of water).
In April harvesting birch buds, chaga, immortelle and chamomile flowers, lingonberry leaves, viburnum and buckthorn bark, viburnum fruits and dandelion roots.
In mid-April you can sow black onion. Shoots after 3-4 weeks can be thinned out, tender greens can be used in salads, and the plants left by the end of summer will give a good harvest of bulbs. .
Spend planting carrots. Exist . Choose the most suitable method for you.
Reopen the reservoir, and if he wintered arbitrarily, then clean its surface from last year's floating leaves.
Pass the lawn heavy special rake with hollow teeth, which will allow you to clean it from dry grass and loosen it upper layer soil for fresh air. Feed your lawn with nitrogen fertilizer.
In April time to plant trees and shrubs with an open root system. Loosen trunk circles near trees and shrubs. In the second half of April plant conifers, while watering abundantly and shade them.

Calendar of work in the garden and in the garden in April. Work in the country in April. What needs to be done in the garden and in the garden in April. Everything you need to do in the country in April. The list of works in the garden and in the garden for April.

Good luck to you!

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