Water curtain chamber. Do-it-yourself spray booth with a water curtain: a step-by-step guide, advantages and disadvantages. Painting booth layout

Characteristic name

Characteristic value

External dimensions:
Length, mm
Width, mm
Height, mm

2 600
2 000
3 200

3 100
2 000
3 200

4 100
2 000
3 200

4 400
2 000
3 200

4 600
2 000
3 200

Working height, mm

Diameter of the exhaust opening on the roof of the chamber, mm

Extraction capacity, m3/h

Required fans, pcs.

Fan power, hp

Outlet, mm (L x W)

Outlet fixture, mm

Pump power, hp

Unassembled camera dimensions for transportation, mm:

2600mm
1500mm
1500mm

3100mm
1500mm
1500mm

4100mm
1500mm
1500mm

4400mm
1500mm
1500mm

4600mm
1500mm
1500mm

Fan dimensions, m

1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 m

1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 m

1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 m

1.2 x 1.2 x 1.2 m

The organization of the work of the spray booth involves the installation of cleaning systems, moreover, these systems take into account the main problem - the presence of paint residues in the exhaust air. Standard filtration methods are not effective, therefore, before entering the duct, the exhaust air passes through a water trap or curtain. In water, both fractions of the paint material and harmful impurities are best retained.

Features of water curtain chambers

The quality of applying paint in a garage with a brush and in a professional camera by spraying is very different. A high-quality coating can be achieved thanks to the unique microclimate, since the air in the working area is pre-cleaned and heated to the desired temperature. Dust ingress is critical for a freshly painted surface. Strict requirements for sterility and air humidity are observed in the room, but all this would be pointless if such chambers did not have effective ways fight against colorful fog - we are talking about fragments of paint that have not fixed on the surface to be painted.

For creating suitable conditions work, in such chambers an air circulation system is organized. At the entrance to the chamber there are filters that purify the air from large fractions, then the air is heated to a certain temperature and supplied to the working area. As soon as the painting process begins, some of the paint will lie on the surface and begin to set, and some will be in the air. Further, it all depends on whether the air will enter the filters in a natural or forced way.

Water, by its nature, cleans the air well of paint fractions, but special additives are added to the water to improve its properties. At the same time, it must also have dry filters operating in parallel. Water takes only fractions of the paint, but dry filters are no less important for the system, which purify the air before it enters the exhaust fan.

The principle of operation of the water curtain

A water curtain is commonly understood as a hydrofilter that cleans air flows from paint and harmful impurities. Separate cascade. injector and non-injector filters. The difference lies in the method of supplying the water flow for cleaning. When using a cascade filter, the curtain is produced by the shield; in nozzle filters, the curtain is created by nozzles. Vortex hydrofilters are used for active mixing of air with water.

Filters work like this:

1. Exhaust air, where there are already paint particles, vapors and other harmful impurities, is fed to the screen. This can be done by a fan or air will get there naturally.
2. Nanos is responsible for creating a continuous layer of water that is fed to the screen.
3. As soon as the air stream collides with water, large particles are separated from it and enter a specially equipped bath.
4. Then comes the second stage of purification, in which everything that remains after the first stage is removed from the air.
5. Chaotic air currents are intercepted by the drop catcher.

Requirements

There is only one requirement - the system must cope with waste streams, respectively, it all depends on the intensity with which the spray booth works. If the load is large, then for better mist trapping, you can put an active water tray, which is a bathtub closed with a grate. The presence of nozzle filters obliges you to choose between screw or tangential nozzles:

1. The presence of screw nozzles gives a more stable and stable water jet when colliding with air. But such systems are difficult to design.
2. It is easier to make tangential nozzles, which have a less stable flame, but they are less likely to clog.
3. The angle of the cone of the water jet should be in the range from 70 to 75 degrees, and the pitch of the nozzles will be determined from the angle.

The water flow is also regulated by the chamber owner. It depends on how quickly the water will pass over the screen or shields, as well as on the number of curtains. In such systems, the circulation of water is almost always closed, that is, for a certain time the same volume of water works in the system.

For high-quality separation of paint particles from water, with their subsequent removal, it is recommended to add impurities to the water. They turn paint residues into sludge that settles after a period of time. Antifoam agents should also be added, otherwise the water may start to foam.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantage of such installations is that effective method there is simply no purification of exhaust air from specific fractions. The process is thought out to the smallest detail, including the subsequent purification of water from sediment. Another question is what needs to be worked out here effective scheme tailored to the needs of the camera. Impurities will need to be added to the water itself so that the water itself does not foam, and the paint sets better with the liquid, but does not clog into lumps. Water filters do not work separately from the main ventilation system, so you need to calculate exactly how much air should be removed from the chamber per unit of time.

The use of cameras with a water cleaning function is justified in all situations when it comes to professional painting. Since in this case you have to follow strict rules environmental protection and sanitary standards. Equipping a water curtain for a non-professional camera is problematic both because of the price and because of the complexity of installation and further maintenance.

Spray booth with water curtain mod. W3000 is designed for:

• significant improvement in the quality of paint coatings;
• a significant reduction in the maintenance time of painting areas;
• increasing the productivity of painting sites;
• ensuring acceptable sanitary and hygienic working conditions for painters and support staff;
• immediate removal of solvent vapors from the working area in order to exclude the formation of explosive concentrations;
• a significant reduction in emissions of sludge from paints and varnishes into the environment;
• reduce the fire hazard of paint brushes.

Areas of use

Spray booth with water curtain W3000 is successfully used for painting metal, glass, wood, plastic and their products.

The range of painted products is very wide:

• wheel rims painting
• painting of overall metal structures
• painting of garden and agricultural machinery
• Boer painting
• painting pipes and poles
• painting piles
• painting of welded air ducts
• formwork painting
• painting elements of building structures
• painting of cement fiber boards and other building and finishing materials
• painting (varnishing) of electronic boards and components
• aircraft parts painting
• painting elements of boats and boats
• car bumper painting
• restoration of furniture and antiques
• furniture painting
• painting MDF facades
• table painting
• painting chairs
• window painting
• door painting
• painting moldings (door moldings, skirting boards)
• painting parquet and floor boards
• painting other furniture and joinery products

Principle of operation

Part of the paint material sprayed by the painter does not fall on the product. At the same time, fine dust is formed in the air from the quick-drying components of the varnish - dust, which, thanks to the spray booth, is removed from the working area by an air stream parallel to the floor.

A significant part of the varnish dust is deposited on the water curtain (up to 85%).

Additional filtration systems (optional) - a labyrinth of barrier panels that repeatedly change the direction of the air flow, as well as quick-release cassettes with an inexpensive replaceable element - a glass fiber filter, allow achieving a degree of purification from solid particles up to 99%.

A "side effect" of using water in the filtration system is the absorption of solvents at the start of the chamber. After the water is saturated with solvent molecules, the absorption of "odors" stops, and the illusion of their filtration disappears.

Basic equipment

Prefabricated body and settling bath made of galvanized steel with big amount longitudinal, transverse and vertical stiffeners.

Provides durability of operation and reduction of vibration in the course of work.

Double cascade of water curtains.

Frontal curtains of both cascades (those through which water flows) have a quick-detachable design. This not only provides full access to the interior of the chamber for maintenance, but also makes it technically possible to narrow the gap between the lower edge of the curtain and the water in the bathroom below. For the upper cascade, this is the lower cascade bath, and for the lower cascade, this is the settling bath.

This design has a number of advantages, the main ones being:

• due to the absence of long sections of free fall of water, the formation of splashes in both the upper and lower parts of the working area is excluded;
• water falling from the lower edge of the water curtain creates a dense stream, additionally purifying the air from suspensions, which eliminates the need to install water sprinklers;
• the air flow rate after getting inside the spray booth is reduced by 4-5 times, which allows suspensions to settle into the settling bath, increasing the degree of purification of the exhaust air.

1. Attached bath for placing the pump>

   The location of the bath is universal (to the left or to the right of the chamber). In this way, the service side can be selected during installation.

   The location of the service area outside the chamber allows visual control of operation and avoiding external contamination of the pump, which leads to its overheating and premature failure.

   Valves located outside make it easy to regulate the flow of water in the water curtains, as well as to quickly drain water from the chamber with a regular pump during its scheduled maintenance.

   Stainless steel pump, pumping clumps of paint and varnish sludge with a diameter of up to 35 mm, as well as a built-in overheating protection system.

2. Circulating water conduit system, including a water circulation valve, an automatic water drain valve, all necessary hoses, passage assemblies, flanges, clamps and other installation materials
3. Mounting kit including bolts, nuts, washers, sealant, etc. according to the camera package
4. Packing for transportation by road
5. Passport and instruction manual
6. CD with diagram and photo illustrations of the assembly

Additional options

Explosion-proof exhaust fan.

Explosion-proof version, with explosion-proof motor (optionally with a general industrial motor or non-explosion-proof).

1a- The fan with the bearing case of flangeless execution. Due to the installation through a rubber gasket directly on the roof of the camera and the placement of additional amplifiers in the fan installation area, the vibration resulting from clogging of the fan blades during intensive work of the spray booth is minimized.

The fan motor, together with the impeller, is completely removed from the housing. To do this, you do not need to chisel the air ducts, disconnect the electric motor from the electrical network, etc. This fan design minimizes maintenance time.

1b- Fan with supporting frame. The fan can be installed in any convenient location, incl. outdoors, and is connected to the chamber with an air duct (the air duct is excluded from delivery).

The design provides for the possibility of removing the motor together with the impeller from the fan housing without chiseling the air ducts. This ensures ease of maintenance and minimizes process downtime of the paint booth.

Additional devices for air filtration

The combined use of devices allows to achieve a degree of purification from solid particles up to 99%.

2a- A labyrinth of barrier panels that repeatedly change the direction of the air flow. At the same time, they are additional diagonal stiffening ribs. Recommended for installation when placing the fan on the roof of the chamber.

2b- Quick-release filter cassettes with an inexpensive replaceable element - a glass fiber filter.

Electric control panel

3a- Shield in a plastic case with circuit breakers– for placement outside the hazardous area

3b- Shield in a metal case with on / off / emergency off buttons - for placement outside the explosive zone.

Two-lamp explosion-proof luminescent lamp, 2х36W. The luminaire is supplied with 2 lamps.

Increasing the depth of the working area by 500 mm

Set of two side panels and a roof panel.

water floor

The water floor bath is integral with the upholding bath of the spray booth and has a height of 300 mm from the shop floor level. Thus, installation of any similar is not required, which facilitates the movement of the operator. A large volume of water filling the bath allows you to increase the cleaning interval from the accumulated sludge of paints and varnishes, reducing the time of technological downtime. Galvanized gratings covering the water floor can withstand a load on the track of at least 200 kg, and 450 kg / m2.

1. The supply fan and a set of filters for the "economy project" include:

   • Supply fan of general industrial design. To create excess pressure in the paint shop, the performance of the supply fan is selected 10-20% more than the exhaust fan, taking into account the fact that the resistance of both the pocket filter and the filter of the air dispensing device must additionally be overcome.
   • Pocket filter in its own housing, designed for docking with the supply fan. Execution of the filter - quick-detachable. The filter is intended for repeated use. Its regeneration is carried out manually, by mechanical cleaning and blowing.
   • Fine filter roll (20x2 meters) for self-tailoring by the buyer of the air distributing sleeve.

Let's figure out what cameras are for painting furniture parts. Depending on how many and what sizes the parts will be painted, what paintwork materials you will work with, the necessary spray booth.

2.

• water spray booth without side walls and floor (front curtain only)
• water spray booth with active water floor
• water spray booth without floor with side walls
• water spray booth with active water floor and side walls
• water spray booth with active water floor and active water walls
• small spray booths, otherwise small-sized or laboratory for painting small products in piece production, instrumentation, 1 and 2 meters long.

Spray booth with dry filters

Due to its design, when painting in a dry spray booth, excess paint mist and polluted air are removed from the paint application area, while cleaning it. All this works with the right choice of fan.

What Happens When a Spray Booth Works with Dry Filters

During the operation of a dry spray booth, following processes:

• removal of paint particles and dust from the spray area
• removal of paint aerosol, while preventing its spread to adjacent rooms
• conditions are provided for obtaining a high quality paint and varnish coating
• the air that is removed from the painting area is cleaned of mechanical paint particles that remain in the filters and is released into the atmosphere.

How is air filtered in a dry spray booth?

The air flow, which is contaminated with paints and varnishes, with the help of a fan moves by inertia into the opening of the chamber, where it is installed one or two filters.

Spray booth with water curtain

Spray booth with water curtain ensures the maximum level of cleanliness and dust removal in the painting area. All this allows you to create ideal conditions for obtaining a high-quality glossy paintwork.

The frontal water curtain captures the paint mist, and the airflow created by the fan additionally draws in polluted air.

What Happens When a Water Curtain Spray Booth Works

During the operation of the water spray booth, the following processes occur:

• removal of paint particles and dust from the spray area
• removal of paint aerosol and elimination of the possibility of its spread to the surrounding premises
• security ideal conditions to create high quality coatings
• the removed air is cleaned of mechanical particles of paint and part of aerosol vapors and is released into the atmosphere.

How to maintain a spray booth with a water curtain?

The first thing to do when operating a water curtain chamber is to change the water. Change it depending on the degree of contamination in the cabin.

How quickly the chamber becomes dirty depends both on the intensity of painting, that is, how much paintwork is applied per shift, and on the spray guns used. On spray guns with a low material transfer coefficient, a lot of paint goes into fogging, which means more settles in the cabin. If the water is dirty, then it captures paint mist and dust worse.

How is water cleaned from paint in a spray booth with a water curtain?

In small factories, water is simply poured into the sewer, which is basically impossible, and the accumulated paint at the bottom is scooped out with shovels and other improvised means.

At "advanced" firms, coagulants and a collection of paint and varnish waste are used to remove paint. The addition of a coagulant makes it possible to turn the paint into flakes that precipitate or float to the surface as flakes. The flakes are removed manually or with a waste collector.

How is the air cleaned in a spray booth with a water curtain?

Water spray booths have three levels of air purification from paint:

1. At the first level, air purification is carried out using a frontal water curtain. A stream of water flows down this part of the chamber in a continuous and continuous stream.
2. At the second level, internal air purification takes place, here the main filtration and purification of air from paint waste takes place. Depending on the design of the spray booth and the manufacturer, there are various systems for internal air purification.
3. At the third level, dry filtration is carried out - the air is cleaned of the remaining paint particles and protects the fan blades from paint sticking.

Schemes of structures of water chambers

Different manufacturers of spray booths have different filtration systems, for example, we give several schemes of water spray booths.

An example of a painting booth from furniture production

Here are photos of the spray booth, which were taken during the tour at a real operating enterprise.

Read also:

Least Squares in Excel

Using the method of least squares (OLS)