Varieties of apples - alphabetical list: photos and names. Winter varieties of apple trees for the Moscow region and central Russia Encyclopedia of varieties of apple trees

There are many varieties of apple trees that gardeners prefer to grow on their site. The article presents only the best varieties of apple trees, characterized by different planting and ripening periods. Each of the varieties differs in taste and external characteristics.

summer varieties

Summer varieties of apple trees are intended mainly for fresh consumption. Such varieties bear fruit throughout the summer, and gardeners look forward to the fruit ripening to enjoy delicious, juicy fruits.

White filling

The variety has a long history. Its appearance is associated with folk selection. It is believed that the variety appeared in the Baltic countries and soon spread throughout Europe. Some adherents are convinced that this is an old Russian variety.

The trees are medium in size, rarely exceeding 4-5 m. The crown is pyramidal, becoming rounded with time. The bark is rough, light gray in color. The leaves are medium, elliptical in shape. The fruits of a young apple tree reach 120-150 g in weight, the apples of adult plants weigh about 60 g. The shape of the apples is round, the skin is green, eventually becoming white. The peel is thin, the pulp is tender.

The first fruits appear 5-6 years after planting the seedling. The average yield from a young tree is about 200 kg. The harvest is at the beginning of August. After planting a seedling, it is important to provide it with constant moisture.

Paping

This is an early summer variety of apple trees obtained as a result of natural pollination. It is believed that its homeland is the Baltic States, where the variety appeared in the early 19th century.

Apple trees are medium in height. Young plants have a broad, pyramidal crown that becomes rounded as the tree matures. Bark gray. Shoots are elongated. The leaves are gray-green in color, slightly flattened, flat.

The fruits are of medium size, weighing from 80 to 100 g, sometimes up to 180 g. Apples are slightly flattened, round-conical. The surface is ribbed, the peel is pale, greenish-yellow, there is no blush. The peel is tender, thin, the pulp is juicy, fragrant.

The fruits ripen early: in regions located in central Russia, apples appear in early to mid-August, in the southern regions - at the end of July. After picking, the fruits can be stored for no more than 2-3 weeks in a cool room.

Candy

The variety was bred in the 40s of the last century in the city of Michurinsk. When crossing, two varieties were used - Korobovka and Papirovka. There are practically no similar varieties all over the world.

The plant is powerful, tall, growing quickly. Already at the age of three, the tree reaches up to 3 meters in height. IN young age the crown is narrow, with aging it becomes sprawling, broadly pyramidal. The leaves are medium to large, dark green. The fruits are round, small, their weight does not exceed 100-150 g. The peel is dark pink with a red tint, there are many white subcutaneous dots. The pulp is creamy, juicy, honey-candy taste.

Fruits after collection are stored for 3-4 weeks in a cool place. The yield of the variety is good, annual. About 50 kg of apples are taken from a tree aged 6-9 years. In the first few years, care for the seedling consists in regular watering.

Grushovka Moscow

Variety Grushovka is a variety of apple trees that appeared through natural selection. This variety is over two hundred years old. In 1797, the famous scientist Bolotov A.T. described in detail the apple tree in scientific work.

The trees are sprawling, tall, their height reaches up to 7 m. good care lasts for about 60 years. An adult tree is characterized by a spherical crown shape, young plant it is conical. The bark is yellow-orange. The fruits are small, weighing about 70 g, more weighty specimens are rarely found - 100-120 g. The peel is ribbed, thin, yellow or green. The pulp is juicy, snow-white, the taste is sweet and sour, the smell is pleasant.

Fruiting occurs 5 years after planting. After ripening, the fruits are stored for no more than 3-4 weeks. Harvest already in early August, less often at the end of July. During the season, from 100 to 200 kg of apples are harvested from one adult tree.

Mantet

It is believed that Canada is the birthplace of this variety. It was obtained with the help of free pollination of Grushovka Moskovskaya. But some gardeners are convinced that the variety is Russian.

The plant grows to a height of no more than 4.5 m. It has a rounded or oval crown, not thickened. The leaves are large, leathery, with a glossy surface, dark green. The sheet plate is characterized by an elliptical shape. Flowering occurs in mid-May. The fruits are small, weighing from 90 to 180 g. The shape of the apples is conical, oblong-round. The peel is strong, thin, smooth, yellow-green or yellow. The flesh is white with a slight pink tint, juicy. The aroma is not perceptible, the taste is sweet with a slight sourness.

The first crop is harvested by the third year after planting. From a young apple tree they get 20-65 kg, from an adult plant - up to 70 kg. Proper care will extend the fruiting of the tree up to 50 years. Fruit ripening occurs in the middle or end of July-beginning of August. The shelf life is no more than 2 weeks.

Autumn varieties of apple trees

Autumn varieties of apple trees are preferred by gardeners who sell the fruits after harvest. Such varieties ripen in autumn, can be stored for a long time without losing their external qualities.

northern synapse

The variety was obtained as a result of free pollination by the breeder S. I. Isaev, who used the seed material of the “Kitayka Kandil” variety.

A vigorous, powerful tree with a wide pyramidal sparse crown. The bark is grey-brown. The height of an adult tree reaches 7 m. The leaves are small, with a glossy surface and a wide shape, dark green, slightly grayish. The fruits are medium in size, have a round-conical shape, reach 110-130 g in weight. The peel is green in color, there is a brown-red blush. There are numerous, light subcutaneous points. The white pulp is juicy, the taste is sweet with a pleasant sourness, the structure is dense and fine-grained.

Fruiting of a tall tree occurs 5-6 years after planting. Dwarf trees begin to bloom at 2 years old. The yield is high - up to 150 kg of apples are harvested from an adult tree.

Borovinka

The variety was first described in the early 19th century by A. T. Bolotov. The scientist M. V. Rytov described the Borovinka variety more than 150 years ago. The variety fell in love with the North Americans, who began to grow it on their plots. They also called the Oldenburg apple tree.

In height, the tree can grow up to 5 m. The bark has an olive tint. The leaves are oval, dark green. The fruits are round in shape, with a smooth surface and medium size, their weight does not exceed 90 g. The pulp is juicy, granular. The peel is smooth, light green in color with pink stains. The taste is more sour than sweet.

Fruiting occurs in the 4th or 5-10th year after planting. At the age of ten, the plant brings good harvests- on average, 60-75 kg of fruits are removed from one tree. At the age of 25-30 years, the plant can yield up to 200 kg.

Idared

This is a foreign variety of American origin. When crossing, breeders used two types of apples - Jonathan and Wagner. The Idared variety was obtained in 1935. Due to good productivity and commercial qualities, the variety has become popular not only in the USA, but also in Russia.

Idared is a vigorous, autumn variety, which is characterized by mixed fruiting. In adulthood, the height of the apple tree reaches 3-5 m. The plant has a wide, oval or spherical crown. The bark is greyish-brown, smooth. The leaves are medium, elongated, with pointed edges, dark green. The fruits are round, medium in size, their weight reaches 140-190 g. The peel is pale green, thin, smooth. There are some large subcutaneous points. Creamy pulp is elastic, dense, juicy. The aroma is weak, the taste is sour-sweet.

Fruiting occurs 5-6 years after planting. Fruit picking occurs at the end of September until the first frost. About 30 kg of fruits are harvested from a young tree, up to 90 kg of apples can be removed from a 15-year-old plant. Fruits are stored for about 6 months.

Mac

Variety Macintosh attracts with its history of appearance. In 1796, John Mackintosh purchased a farm in Ontario. While clearing the garden, he found several apple tree seedlings. Having transplanted them to a new place, the plants died, but one apple tree took root, having received the name in honor of the farmer.

The tree is medium-sized, the crown is spreading, rich. The leaves are small, ovoid, light green in color. The fruits are large, weighing up to 180 g. The peel is light yellow, there is a slight blush and carmine stripes. The peel is smooth, shiny, dense, but thin. White flesh, juicy, aromatic. The taste of the fruit is sweet and sour, pleasant.

Fruit ripening is not simultaneous. The first fruits ripen in August, the plant bears fruit until the end of October. Up to 200 kg of apples are harvested from one plant, sometimes the figures reach 300 kg. When stored in a cool room, the fruits are stored until the very spring, without losing their taste and external characteristics.

Bolotovskoe

The apple tree variety was bred by the breeder Evgeny Nikolaevich Sedov in 1977. The purpose of the selection was to develop a variety with increased resistance to scab fungus. This was achieved by hybridization of the variety Skryzhapelkh 1924.

Plants have a spherical crown, not thickened. The height of the trees is above average, the seedlings grow quickly and develop well. The bark is smooth. The leaves are elongated, dark green. The fruits are large, characterized by a flattened shape. The weight of one apple reaches up to 160 g. At the stage of technical maturity, the peel is light yellow in color, with full ripeness, a pink-red blush appears. The peel is oily, the pulp is juicy, dense, pale green.

The plant begins to actively bear fruit from 7-8 years after planting the seedling. The fruits are harvested in mid-September. Up to 200 kg of apples are harvested from one adult plant. At proper storage fruits do not lose their qualities until mid-February.

Winter varieties

Winter varieties have their own distinctive characteristics. main feature of such varieties is that the fruits are consumed a few weeks after harvest.

Bogatyr

This variety was bred by the breeder Semyon Fedorovich Chernenko. This late winter variety is considered one of the most productive. When breeding, the variety Renet Landsbergsky and Antonovka was used.

The plant is tall, the crown is rare and spreading. The leaves are oval, dark green. The fruits have a flat-round shape, a wide base, a smooth surface with pronounced ribs. The rind is light green when picked, but turns yellow when fully ripe. There is a slight red blush. The pulp is dense, crunchy, fine-grained, medium juicy. The fruits are sweet with sourness, the aroma is delicate. The average weight of one apple is 200 g, sometimes large specimens come across - 400 g.

The advantages of the variety include abundant, annual fruiting, starting 6-7 years after planting the seedling. From one adult tree harvest from 55 to 80 kg of crop. Full ripening of fruits occurs in mid-December.

Knight

The variety was bred by the famous breeder Isaev Sergey Ivanovich. When breeding, two varieties of apple trees were used - Pepin Shafranny and Anis Polosaty.

The plant is vigorous, stocky, outwardly similar to a small oak. The branches are powerful and large, the crown is dense. The leaves are large, dark green. The fruits are medium in size, weighing about 200 g. The shape is round-conical, the peel is smooth, creamy with red stripes.

Fruiting begins in the third year after planting. With proper care, gardeners can collect more than 230 kg of fruit per season from one plant. Fruits are stored almost until May, retaining their marketable condition, they also remain suitable for raw consumption and for technical processing.

Renet Simirenko

When exactly the variety was obtained is unknown. The apple tree got its name in honor of the father of Lev Platonovich Simirenko. He believed that the variety was the result of an accidental crossing. The variety was entered into the State Register of the Soviet Union in 1947.

The plant is tall, characterized by a wide-round spreading crown. Dark gray bark, with orange on the sunny side. The leaves have an elongated, ovoid shape, light green color with a glossy surface. The fruits are medium or large, the shape is regular rounded. The peel at technical ripeness is light green in color, during storage it becomes yellow. The average weight of an apple is 150-200 g. The pulp of the fruit is creamy white, tender, juicy. The fruits are sweet and slightly spicy.

This is a high yielding variety. From one adult plant, 140-170 kg of fruits are removed. Fruiting occurs 4-5 years after planting. The fruits ripen in the second half of September-mid-October. With proper storage, the fruits do not lose their qualities until the next year.

Antonovka

No one knows exactly how the Antonovka variety appeared. Some argue that this is an accidental hybrid of a cultivar with a wild forest apple tree. It is generally accepted that the apple tree comes from the Tula or Kursk regions. The variety was first described by N. I. Krasnoglazov in 1848.

The plant is vigorous, has an oval crown, which, as the plant grows, becomes spherical and spreading. The bark of young branches and shoots becomes brown. The leaves are oblong, bright green. The fruits are small, their weight does not exceed 160 g. During the ripening period, the peel becomes green with a yellow tint. During storage, the fruits turn completely yellow. The flesh is light, sweet, the taste of acid is strongly pronounced.

Fruiting begins 7-8 months after planting. Full ripening of fruits occurs at the end of September-beginning of October. The number of fruits increases as the tree grows. From a plant aged 20 years, it is possible to collect up to 200 kg of apples per year. Fruits are stored for a long time, about three months. With proper care, the shelf life can increase up to 4 months.

Antey

This is a winter variety of apples obtained by breeders of the Belarusian Research Institute by crossing the Belarusian Raspberry variety and the Newtosh and Babushkino hybrid. Antey was included in the State Register of Belarus as a particularly valuable variety in terms of productivity.

Plant of medium height, does not exceed three meters. The crown has a pyramidal-rounded shape. The branches are light brown in color, and the young shoots are dominated by dark brown bark. The leaves are large, oval, dark green in color. The fruits are large, weighing 200 g or more on average. The shape is round-conical, slightly flattened. Green skin. The flesh is greenish, juicy. Apples are sweet and sour, the aroma is subtle.

Fruiting occurs from the third year after planting the seedling. Productivity reaches 50 kg from one plant. The variety is characterized by increased resistance to frost, medium resistance to pests and scab. The fruits are harvested in September-October. Fully ripened apples a few months after harvest. Stored until May next year.

The most delicious and sweet

There are the best varieties, which are especially valued for their sweet taste, excellent taste and commercial qualities. These include several varieties that have received recognition from most gardeners.

Belarusian sweet

This is an early-growing winter variety, bred by breeders of the Institute of Fruit Growing of the Republic of Belarus about 20 years ago. The variety was entered into the State Register of Russia in 2005.

The tree is medium-sized, grows quickly, by 8-9 years reaches a height of three meters. Dominated by a rounded or rounded-conical crown. The fruits are large, weighing about 160-180 g. The shape of the apples is round, sometimes asymmetrical. The peel is smooth, dense, green-yellow. When fully ripe, the apples turn yellow. The light flesh is coarse-grained, semi-oily, tender, sweet and juicy. The aroma is light.

The fruits are harvested from the tree in September-October. Full ripening occurs two months after harvest. The fruits keep well until February.

Spartacus

The apple tree variety was bred at the Samara experimental station in the middle of the 20th century by the breeder S.P. Kedrin. At that time, the breeder was actively engaged in crossing various kinds apple trees. So he managed to develop this unique variety.

The plant is medium-sized, the bark is brown. Shoots are even, straight, brown-red. The tree does not exceed 6 meters in height. It has a wide, dense crown of a rounded pyramidal shape. The leaves are medium, oval-oblong, green in color. The fruits are medium in size, weighing from 90 to 130 g, sometimes reaching 300 g. The shape is round. The peel is dense, shiny, yellow in color with stripes of a bright red hue. The pulp is fine-grained, tender. The taste is sweet and sour.

Fruits reach technical maturity in the first half of September. The tree begins to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting. Some plants begin to bloom in the second year. The advantages of the variety include high consumer and commercial properties.

Nectar

This is a columnar variety that appeared in 1987 at the Moscow Institute of Horticulture. The breeding was carried out by breeders N. G. Morozova and V. V. Kinchin. In the selection, the seeds of the donor (gene) KV 103 were used. The apple tree received its official name in 1993.

The height of the tree does not exceed 2-2.2 m. The tree is columnar in shape, the crown is compact. The leaves are large, elongated, green in color. The fruits are round, medium and large in size. One fruit weighs from 100 to 250 g. The peel is dense, white-yellow. The pulp is juicy, coarse-grained, white, sweet. Honey taste.

From a five-year-old plant, it is possible to obtain about 9 kg of fruit. With age, productivity decreases significantly. The plant is able to bear fruit up to 15 years, while it can grow up to 50 years. The advantages include the compactness of the plant. Of the shortcomings, a short shelf life is distinguished - no more than 1 month.

Korobovka

Korobovka is an old early summer variety of folk selection. S. I. Isaev was engaged in its breeding. The variety was first scientifically described in 1855. There is an assumption that the apple tree got its name due to the fact that the fruits were sold not by weight or by the piece, but by boxes, like berries.

The plant is medium-sized, resistant to cold. The crown is shaped like a broom. Shoots dark brown. The leaves are slightly curved, round-elliptical in shape, dark green in color. The fruits are small, their weight does not exceed 40 g. The advantage is a pronounced aroma. Apples are flat-round, their peel is greenish-yellow with cherry-red stripes. The pulp is light, juicy, sweet.

The variety enters fruiting 5-7 years after planting. Harvested for 10, sometimes 15 years. Full ripening of apples falls on the end of July-beginning of August. Up to 70 kg of fruits are obtained from one adult plant.

Lungwort

Breeding of this summer variety began to be engaged in the 30s of the 20th century. Breeding work was carried out by a well-known biologist - Isaev S.I. Medunitsa was obtained by crossing two varieties - Cinnamon striped and Wesley.

The tree is tall, reaches a height of 4-5 meters, the crown is wide, powerful. The leaves are oval, long, dark green. The fruits are medium in size, weighing from 100 to 150 g. The peel is yellow-green in color with a red blush. Apples are rounded, slightly flattened. The pulp is light cream, dense, juicy, sweet.

The plant begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. The fruits ripen at the end of August. The average yield per tree is about 180 kg. The advantages of the Medunitsa variety include increased resistance to frost, scab disease.

Green varieties

Green-skinned apples are especially appreciated not only by gardeners, but also by those who know about useful properties fruits. The best varieties of apple trees include several varieties.

granny smith

The variety was bred in 1868. The first fruits were obtained in the New South Wales. In 1935, the variety appeared in England, in 1976 - in the USA and Canada. Mary Ann Smith, a folk breeder, was engaged in breeding work, she managed to get a variety by pollinating an Australian apple tree with a wild French apple tree.

The tree is medium-sized, is a natural semi-dwarf, has a spreading crown. The fruits ripen large, their weight reaches up to 300 g. The peel is saturated green, the apples are round or slightly oval. There are brown-red blotches. The pulp is light, juicy, sweet and sour.

The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. At right conditions shelf life is long - until the next harvest. Care consists in regular pruning and top dressing.

Golden Delicious

Mid-season variety of unknown origin. The seedling was found by chance in Southern Virginia over a hundred years ago. After that, he was recognized around the world. Gardeners love this variety for its ease and ease of cultivation and care.

In a plant, the crown has the shape of a cone, as it grows older, it expands and acquires roundness. The leaves are oval, wide, bright green. The fruits are elongated, large, weighing up to 200 g. At the time of technical maturity, the peel is light green in color, and becomes golden yellow when fully ripe. Apples are even, elongated, almost always the same shape. There are small subcutaneous dots of black color. The pulp is juicy, sweet. Fruit smells good.

The plant begins to bear fruit in the second or third year after planting. Harvest begin to harvest from mid to late September. The variety is characterized by high yield. Seven-year-old trees can produce 250-300 centners per hectare.

Red varieties

Red varieties of apple trees are to the liking of most gardeners. Fruits in the ripening period look colorful on the trees, decorating the garden. There are several best varieties of red apples.

Red Delicious

This winter variety was bred in the USA and is derived from a spontaneous mutation that originated in the Delicious apple tree. A branch with red apples grew on the tree - it was clearly visible. Russian scientists came to the conclusion that this is a valuable specimen and included it in the State Register of Breeding Achievements.

The plant is medium in size, it can reach a height of about 5.5 m. The crown has an oval shape, at an older age it becomes flattened, spherical. The branches are medium in thickness. The leaves are large with jagged edges, dark green. The fruits in the period of full ripening become a rich red hue, weigh from 100 to 300 g. The flesh is light green, juicy, crispy, fragrant. The taste is sweet and sour.

Harvested from late September to late October. About 150 kg of fruits are obtained from one plant (ten years old). Due to the rough peel, apples are stored for a long time and transported over long distances without damage.

Florina

Florina is the result of the work of French breeders who used several varieties in the process - the seedling of Malus floribunda 821, Starking, Rum Beauty, as well as the famous Golden Delicious and Jonathan. As a result of numerous repeated crossings of hybrids, it was possible to obtain a variety.

The tree is medium-sized, reaches a height of up to three meters. Plants grown on a dwarf rootstock grow up to two meters. The trees have a wide round crown. The shape of the fruit is more cylindrical, sometimes round-conical, slight asymmetry is noticeable. Weight ranges from 110 to 150 g. The peel is dense, elastic, yellow in color with a rich red blush. The pulp is greenish-white, juicy, tender. The aroma is pleasant. The taste is sweet and sour.

The tree begins to bear fruit 4-5 years after planting. Yields have increased over the years. Gardeners harvest from 5 to 10 kg of fruits from a five-year-old plant, and about 60-70 kg of apples are harvested from a 10-year-old apple tree. The advantages of the variety include high resistance to diseases and the possibility of long-term storage.

Jonathan

This is an old variety, bred in the early 19th century in North America. When crossing, the Aesop variety and the Spitzenburg apple tree were used. It is believed that the variety got its name in honor of Jonathan Hingley, whose wife brought a new variety from a Connecticut local variety used to make cider.

Trees are medium. The plant is characterized by a wide, round crown, medium-sized leaves with a matte, green surface. The fruits are medium, weighing 100-150 g. The peel is glossy, thin, green in color with a rich red blush. Ripe apples acquire a light yellow tint. The flesh is white with a greenish tint, then becomes light yellow. The taste is delicate and sweet.

The plant begins to bear fruit at 6, sometimes at 4-5 years. Young plants produce about 20 kg of fruit. Trees 10 years old or more give twice as much yield. The fruits are harvested from mid-September to mid-October. Apples can be stored until March, provided they are kept in a cool room.

Lobo

The apple tree was bred in Canada in 1906. For selection, seeds of the Macintosh variety were used - they were subjected to a free pollination process. In 1920, the variety became especially in demand; not only ordinary gardeners, but also well-known breeders began to grow it.

The trees are medium-sized, have an oval crown. After the end of growth, the crown becomes rounded, thinned out. Young shoots have a cherry hue. The leaves are large, bright green, ovoid. The fruits are large, weighing up to 180 g. The shape is round or slightly conical, elongated. The rind is yellow-green during the period of technical ripeness, during ripening it acquires a red tint. The pulp is white, fine-grained. The fruits are sweet, slightly sour, juicy.

Plants begin to bear fruit in 3-4 years. The harvest is at the end of November. Up to 380 kg of fruits are harvested from one adult tree. They are stored until January at a temperature of 2 to 7 degrees.

Gloucester York

The variety appeared in 1951 in Germany. Crossbreeding was carried out by German breeders who used two varieties - Glockenapfrel and Richard Delicious. The apple tree not only received positive traits from their parents, but also acquired increased resistance to frost. In Russia, the variety has become popular not only among gardeners, but also in the processing industry.

The tree is fast growing and has a pyramidal or high oval shape. The fruits are large, rounded, weighing from 180 to 200 g. The peel is light yellow in color with a raspberry-red blush. The skin is thin and smooth. The pulp is creamy, dense, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour, the aroma is pronounced.

Fruiting occurs 4 years after planting. Harvested at the end of September. From an adult apple tree, they harvest from 40 to 75 kg. Harvest normally stored in a cool place for four months. Transportation is well tolerated.

The best varieties of apple trees for central Russia

Central Russia is the European part of the country, characterized by a temperate continental climate. For the cultivation of apple trees and easy care for them, it is necessary to take into account varietal features, which are characteristic of the climate of temperate latitudes. There are several best varieties of apples for middle lane Russia.

Zhigulevskoe

The variety was bred by the breeder S.P. Kedrin, who crossed the Borovinka apple tree and the American variety Wagner. Zhigulevskoe is an autumn, high-yielding variety that has gained popularity in Russia.

The plant is medium-sized, has a wide-pyramidal or highly rounded crown, which acquires during the fruiting period. The crown is not very dense. The shoots and trunk are painted in a dark brown shade. The leaves are large, oblong, ovoid, dark green. The fruits are large, weighing from 120 to 200 g. Apples are round, sometimes wide-ribbed. The peel is dense, oily, light yellow in color with a bright red blush. There are many gray dots under the skin. The pulp is creamy, coarse-grained. The taste is sweet and sour.

The variety is characterized by early maturity and high yield. The first fruits appear on the 4th or 5th year after planting. Up to 240 kg of fruits are harvested from one tree. Depending on the weather, fruit ripening occurs at the beginning of September.

Star

The variety was bred by the Russian breeder Chernenko S.F., who managed to get an Asterisk when crossing the Anis apple tree and the Pepinka Lithuanian variety. The breeding of the variety was carried out for many years, until it was possible to obtain good results.

The apple tree grows large, reaching a height of more than 5 meters. The crown of the tree is spreading, weighty, rounded. The leaves are small, oval, serrated, dark green. The fruits are round, flattened, medium in size, weighing up to 130 g. The peel of apples is smooth, light green in color, there is a rich red blush over the entire plane of the fruit. The pulp is fine-grained, juicy. The taste is sweet and sour.

Fruiting occurs 3-5 years after planting the apple tree. Harvested from September to October. The peak of productivity begins at 7-10 years, at this time the plant produces 100 kg of fruit per season. In order not to face a drop in yield, the gardener must follow the rules of care.

Delight

The famous breeder Isaev was engaged in breeding the variety. The scientist crossed cultivated and wild varieties of apples. In 1961, the breeder managed to achieve a good result, as a result of which the Uslada variety was obtained, resistant to severe frosts and scab.

The plant is medium-sized, its height reaches 3-4 meters, therefore it is often referred to as dwarf crops. A young tree has a round crown, then it becomes oval. The peel is green, there is a bright crimson blush.
There are small gray dots under the skin. The flesh is white, slightly pinkish. The fruits are large, weighing up to 170 g. The taste is sweet and sour, reminiscent of raspberries. The aroma is delicate.

City: Krivoy Rog

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Summer varieties of apple trees ripen early and are not stored well.

Paping- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded oval, densely leafy crown. The variety is moderately resistant, resistant to pests and diseases. But the exception is the scab, which in rainy years the tree can be quite affected.

Paping

The apple tree begins to bear fruit on the 4-5th year after planting. The variety produces a crop almost every year. Fruit ripeness occurs in mid-August. The duration of their storage is about 10-15 days. Apples are characterized by very low transportability. The average fruit size is 100 grams, it has a round-conical shape and a seam that is observed over its entire surface. Apple is pale yellow color and sweet and sour taste.

Variety Melba- an apple tree of medium height, has a wide oval crown. The variety is moderately hardy and often damaged by scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at 5-6 years. The variety produces a crop annually. Fruit ripeness occurs at the end of August. Duration of storage is about 30 days. Apples are characterized by excellent transportability. The average size of the fruit is 100 - 120 g, it has a round-conical shape and stripes with a bright red blush, which occupy a significant part of the surface. The color of the apple is greenish white. pulp white color, delicate and sweet and sour in taste.

Apple tree of medium height, has a wide pyramidal compact crown. The variety is winter-hardy, may be slightly affected by scab and powdery mildew. The apple tree begins to bear fruit in the 4th year. The variety produces a crop almost every year. The fruits begin to ripen a week earlier than those of Papirovka. Duration of storage is about 20 days. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a round-conical shape and its entire surface is covered with a bright red blurred blush. The color of the fruit is greenish-yellow. The pulp is juicy and sweet and sour in taste. Apples ripen unevenly, therefore it is better to shoot them in 2-3 doses.

Variety Early sweet- the apple tree is low-growing, has a flat-rounded crown. The variety is winter-hardy and well resistant to scab. For 3-4 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The variety produces a crop almost every year. The fruits begin to ripen 10-12 days earlier than those of Papirovka. The average size of an apple is 90-100 g, it has a flat-round shape. The color of the fruit is light yellow. The characteristic of the pulp is white color and sweet taste.

Variety White filling- an apple tree of medium height, has a pyramidal crown in young trees and rounded in adults. The variety is moderately hardy and can be easily affected by scab. In the 2nd or 3rd year, an apple tree grafted on a dwarf stock begins to bear fruit, and in the 5th or 6th year on a vigorous one. The variety produces a crop annually. Fruit ripeness occurs in August. The storage period is three months. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a round-conical or broadly ovoid shape. The color of the fruit is greenish-yellow. The characteristic of the pulp is its white color, tenderness, juiciness and sweet and sour taste.

Borovinka

Borovinka- an apple tree of medium height. The variety is winter-hardy, very much affected by scab, and therefore the ripened fruits quickly crumble. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-6 years. The variety produces a crop almost every year. Fruit ripeness occurs in August - early September. The shelf life of apples is 2-4 weeks. The average weight of an apple is 100 g, it has a flat-round shape with a striped blush. The fruit is yellow in color, has a juicy pulp and a sweet and sour taste.

Bellefleur-Chinese- tree of medium height. Medium yield variety. The apple tree yields almost every year. The average fruit weight is 100 g. The apple has a sweet and sour taste.

Grushovka Moscow - winter-hardy variety. The apple tree is tall, has a spherical or broadly pyramidal crown. Yields nearly every year. Removable maturity of fruits begins in early August and they are not transportable. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it is light white in color, has juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste.

Golden Chinese

Kitayka Golden- an apple tree of medium height, has a broom-shaped crown in young trees and a weeping crown in older trees. The variety is winter-hardy and often damaged by scab. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of July and then quickly crumble. The average size of an apple is 80 g, the pulp is yellowish, juicy, with a good sour-sweet taste and a very pleasant aroma.

Candy

Winter-hardy variety. For 2-3 years, an apple tree begins to bear fruit on a dwarf rootstock, and for 5 years - on a very tall rootstock. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in early August. The average size of an apple is 80-150 g, it has a round-conical shape. The fruit is green-yellow in color with brown stripes and sweet in taste.

Apple Tree Dream- tree of medium height. The variety is winter-hardy, high-yielding, resistant to scab. In the 4th year, an apple tree begins to bear fruit on a seed rootstock, and in the 2nd year - on a dwarf one. The variety produces a crop annually. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in August. The average size of an apple is 200 gr. on a dwarf rootstock and 100-150 gr. on the seed, it has a round-conical shape and a bright red dashed blush. The fruit is cream colored and sweet and sour in taste.

Mironchik

Mironchik- winter-hardy variety. The tree is vigorous, durable, has a high crown. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-August. Keeping them about 1 month. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it is yellow in color, has a yellowish rough flesh and is sweet in taste.

Suislepskoye- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded, densely leafy, or broadly pyramidal crown. The variety is winter-hardy. For 3-4 years, an apple tree begins to bear fruit on a dwarf rootstock, and for 6-7 years - on a very tall one. Removable maturity of fruits begins in August - early September. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a flat rounded shape with a pink striped blush. The apple is white-yellow in color, has white, fragrant, fine-grained flesh and a sweet and sour taste.

Apple tree of medium height, compact. At 4-5 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The variety produces a crop annually. The fruits begin to ripen earlier than at the White filling. Apples are light and transportable. The average size of the fruit is 60-70 gr., It is juicy and sweet and sour in taste.

Yandykovskoe- the apple tree is tall, has a dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy, tolerates drought well and is not damaged by diseases. At 5-6 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The variety produces a crop annually. Removable maturity in fruits begins in the third decade of July. The shelf life of apples is about 3 weeks. The average size of the fruit is 100-150 g, it has a flat rounded shape, a blurry striped blush and a sweet-sour taste.

Autumn varieties of apple trees

Anise scarlet

Variety Anis scarlet- the tree is tall, has a broadly pyramidal crown. The variety is winter-hardy and drought-resistant, but weakly resistant to black cancer. The apple tree begins to bear fruit 6-7 years after planting. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in early September. Tree yield 200-300 kg. The duration of storage of apples before the start of winter. The average size of the fruit is 50 - 70 g, it has a flat rounded, slightly ribbed shape. The color of the apple is green with a dark cherry blush and a waxy coating. And its flesh is juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The disadvantage of the variety is - periodic fruiting.

Anise striped- the apple tree is tall, has a wide pyramidal dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy and drought-resistant, but fruits and leaves can be affected by scab. For 6-7 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The variety produces a crop annually. Removable maturity of the fruit begins at the end of August. Tree yield up to 250 kg. The fruits are stored until February. The average size of an apple is 70 g, it has a flattened round or ribbed shape. The fruit is light green in color with a speckled, striped blush, white, fine-grained, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield and winter hardiness.

Apple tree of medium height, has a compact sparse crown. The variety is winter-hardy, but can be severely affected by scab. For 4-5 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The variety produces a crop annually. Removable maturity of fruits begins in mid-September. Tree yield up to 75 kg.

Fruits are stored for about three months. The average size of an apple is 90 g, it has a round-oval shape. The fruit is greenish-cream in color with a red blush, has white, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is good winter hardiness of apples and excellent dessert taste of fruits.

auxis- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-6 years. The variety produces a crop annually. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in September.

The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has a flattened round or turnip shape. The fruit is light yellow in color with a red blush, has yellow, firm, juicy, aromatic flesh and a sweet and sour taste. Apples are stored until January, and in the refrigerator until March. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial and consumer quality of the fruit.

Apple tree Baltika- the tree is tall, has a paniculate crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 5. The variety produces a crop annually. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in early September. Tree yield up to 200 kg. Fruits are stored for about two months. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a round or turnip shape. The fruit is yellow with a striped pink blush, white, firm, juicy flesh and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial quality of the fruit and high yield.

Bessemyanka Michurinskaya

Bessemyanka Michurinskaya- the apple tree is tall, has a spreading, dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy and well resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-7 years. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in September. Tree yield up to 130 kg. The fruits are stored until December. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has a round or flat rounded shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow in color with orange, red strokes and stripes. The flesh is greenish-yellow, juicy, tender with a sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the uneven ripening of fruits - therefore, part of the crop crumbles, and the advantage is high-quality fruits.

Zhigulevskoe

Apple tree Zhigulevskoe- a tree of medium height, has a broadly pyramidal, sparse crown. The variety is affected by scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-6 years. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in early September. Tree yield up to 200 kg. The fruits are stored until January. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a flat rounded shape. The fruit is golden yellow with an orange or red blush, juicy flesh and sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial and taste quality of the fruit.

cinnamon new

cinnamon new- the apple tree is tall, has a highly rounded, dense crown. The grade is winter-hardy, has good resistance against a scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 5-7, and gives irregular harvests. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in early September. Apples are stored until January.

The average size of an apple is 130-160 g, it has a flat, round, conical shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow in color with a mottled, striped blush, has a light creamy, tender, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial quality of the fruit.

brown striped

brown striped- an apple tree of medium height, has a broadly pyramidal or rounded crown. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to scab. An apple tree starts an apple tree at 6-8 years old. Removable maturity occurs in the fruit in mid-September. Duration of storage is 2 months.

The average size of an apple is 80-90 g, it has a flattened, turnip shape. The color of the fruit is greenish-yellow with dark red outlined stripes and speckles, has yellow-white, tender flesh and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is its late entry into fruiting.

Beauty of Sverdlovsk

Variety Krasa Sverdlovsk- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at 4-6 years. Removable maturity comes at the end of September. Tree yield up to 70-100 kg. Fruits are stored until March-April. The average size of an apple is 120-160 g, it has a wide-round or round-conical shape. The fruit is cream-colored with a crimson-red blush, has a light cream, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial and taste quality of fruits, as well as their long keeping quality and high content of ascorbic acid.

Oryol garland

Oryol garland- an apple tree of low growth, has a rounded, dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 4-5 years. The tree has a high yield. Removable maturity of apples occurs in mid-September.

Duration of storage until mid-February. The average size of an apple is 90 g, it has a turnip shape. The color of the fruit is golden yellow with a red blush. And its flesh is greenish-white in color, juicy, tender, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste.

autumn striped

autumn striped- the apple tree is tall, has a broadly rounded crown. The variety is moderately hardy, but has a good recovery ability and is slightly affected by scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at 6-8 years. Removable maturity in fruits occurs at the end of September. Tree yield up to 200 kg. The fruits are stored until November-December. The average weight of an apple is 120 g, it has a round-conical, slightly ribbed shape. The color of the fruit is light yellow, with a speckled, striped blush of orange and red. The flesh of the apple is white, tender, and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is the good yield of apples and the excellent quality of the fruit.

Riga dove

Riga dove- an apple tree of medium height, has a broadly rounded, dense crown. The variety is moderately winter-hardy and resistant to fruit rot and scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at 4-6 years. The tree has periodic fruiting. Removable maturity of fruits begins in mid-September, and 1-2 months after harvesting comes - consumer maturity.

Apples are stored until December. The average fruit size is 120 g, it has an elongated conical shape. The apple is greenish-white when picked, and milky-white with a blurred blush when ripe, has a white, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage is the poor transportability of the fruit.

September- the apple tree is tall, has a pyramidal crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-7 years. Removable maturity of fruits begins in mid-September. Tree yield up to 140 kg. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has a round-conical shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow in color with slightly pronounced stripes, has yellowish, juicy, tender flesh and sweet and sour taste. Apples will keep for 2 months. The advantage of the variety is good quality fruits.

Tambov

Tambov- the apple tree is tall, has a spreading, rounded crown of medium density. The grade is winter-hardy, has weak resistance against a scab. The apple tree enters fruiting for 5-7 years. Removable maturity of the fruit begins in early September. The yield of the tree is good, but irregular. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has an oval-conical shape with bright red dots. The fruit is light cream in color, has a snow-white, fine-grained, juicy pulp and a wine-sweet taste. Apples keep for about 2-3 months. The advantage of the variety is good marketability and excellent taste quality of the fruit.

Uralets- the apple tree is tall, has a strong, dense, pyramidal crown. The variety is winter-hardy, well resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. Removable maturity occurs in fruits from late August to early September. Tree yield 70 kg. The average size of an apple is 40-60 g, it has a round-conical, truncated shape with a bright carmine striped blush. The fruit is cream-colored, has a juicy, fine-grained, tender flesh and a sweet and sour taste. Apples will keep for about 2 months. The advantage of the variety is winter hardiness, early fruiting and good yield.

Ural bulk- the apple tree is tall, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, well resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. Fruit ripens in early September. Their shelf life is about two months. The average size of an apple is 40 g, it has a rounded shape. The fruit is light yellow in color, has white, juicy, medium-grained flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is winter hardiness and good adaptive properties.

Saffron Saratov

Saffron Saratov- the variety is winter-hardy, well resistant to powdery mildew and scab. An apple tree of medium height, has a rounded or broadly pyramidal crown of medium density. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-6 years. The fruits ripen in mid-September. The yield of the tree is 150 kg. The shelf life of fruits until December. The average size of an apple is 120-160 g, it has an elongated or round-conical shape, with red speckled stripes. The fruit is yellow-green in color, has a creamy, dense, fine-grained, juicy pulp and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the good taste and commercial quality of the fruit.

Winter varieties of apple trees

Antonovka ordinary

Antonovka ordinary- the apple tree is tall, has an oval crown. The variety is winter-hardy, but can be affected by scab. Fruiting begins at 7-8 years. Removable maturity of fruits begins in mid-September. The yield of the tree is 200 kg. Fruits are stored for about three months. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a rounded, slightly flattened shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow in color, has yellow, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the frequency of fruiting of the tree and the short shelf life of apples. And the advantage is a good yield and excellent fruit quality.

Aport- medium hardy variety. The apple tree is tall, has a flat rounded crown. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-6 years. Removable maturity of fruits begins in the second decade of September. The average size of an apple is 220-250 g, it has a broadly conical shape with a red blush. Fruits are stored until January-February. The apple is yellow-green in color, has a green-yellow, tender, fine-grained flesh and a sweet and sour taste.

Aphrodite

Aphrodite- the apple tree is tall, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness, excellent resistance to scab. The fruits begin to ripen on September 15-20. Duration of storage until the end of December. The average size of an apple is 125 g, it has a medium flattened, widely ribbed shape with dark crimson stripes and specks. The fruit is greenish-yellow. Its flesh is white, juicy, finely grained and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial and consumer quality of apples.

Aelita- the variety is characterized by high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to scab. The tree is tall, has a broadly pyramidal crown of medium density. For 5-6 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The tree can bear fruit every year. The fruits begin to ripen in early September. The yield of an apple tree is 140 q/ha. The fruits are stored until the beginning of January. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a round-conical, regular shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow. Its flesh is juicy, yellow, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is the excellent yield of apples.

Bezhin meadow

Bezhin meadow- a large apple tree with a rounded crown. The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to scab. The fruits begin to ripen on September 15-20. They keep until February. The average size of an apple is 150 g, it has an oblong, widely ribbed shape.

The fruit is yellow-green in color with a raspberry blush. And its pulp is tender, juicy, fine-grained with a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the yield and excellent transportability of fruits.

Belarusian synapse

Belarusian synapse- the apple tree is tall, has a wide pyramidal crown of medium density. The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to scab. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until the end of April - beginning of May. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has an oval shape with a pink-red dull blush on the sunny side. The fruit is greenish-yellow. Its flesh is green, dense, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the low juiciness and satisfactory taste of the fruit. And the advantage is winter hardiness and long-term keeping quality of apples.

Berkutovskoe

Berkutovskoe- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy and drought-resistant, but can be affected by powdery mildew. The fruiting of the tree is annual. The average size of an apple is 150 g, it has a rounded shape and dark red stripes all over the fruit. The flesh is greenish-yellow in color, juicy, dense, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is a compact crown, abundant annual fruiting and good keeping quality of fruits.

Bogatyr

Bogatyr- the apple tree is tall, has a sprawling sparse crown. The variety is moderately winter-resistant, resistant to scab. Fruiting begins at 6-7 years, after budding. Fruiting is annual. The yield of an apple tree is 50 kg. The marketability of fruits is about 89%. They are stored for 250 days. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a flattened round shape with a noticeable rib on the surface. The fruit is light green. Its flesh is white, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is the abundant annual yield and long shelf life of apples.

Bolotovskoe

Bolotovskoe- an apple tree above average size, has a rounded crown. The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to scab. Removable maturity occurs in fruits in early September. The yield of the tree is 130 q/ha. They are stored until mid-February. The average size of an apple is 150-160 g, it has a flattened, widely ribbed shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow. Its flesh is green, juicy, dense with a sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the shedding of fruits if they begin to be removed late. Advantage - high productivity and excellent quality of apples.

Bratchud- dwarf apple tree, has a flat-rounded crown. The variety is winter-hardy, can be affected by scab. For 3-4 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree, after grafting. The fruiting of the tree is regular. The fruits are stored for 140 days. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has an oblong-rounded shape. The fruit is greenish-yellow. Its flesh is white, slightly juicy, coarse-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield and good commercial and taste quality of the fruit.

Bryansk

Bryansk- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, not resistant enough to fruit rot. For 3-4 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The yield of the tree is 270-350 q/ha. The fruits are stored until February. The average size of an apple is 150 g, and the maximum is 300 g, it has a rounded or slightly ribbed shape. The fruit is green. Its flesh is white, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The disadvantage of the variety is: a short period of storage of fruits. And the advantage is resistance to scab, productivity, not crumbling, as well as high commercial and consumer quality of fruits.

Venyaminovskoe

Venyaminovskoe- the apple tree is large, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The fruits begin to ripen on September 15-20. The tree yield is 150 kg/ha. The fruits are stored until February. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has a medium flattened, conical, broadly ribbed or oblique shape. The apple is greenish in color, has a white, greenish, dense, coarse-grained, juicy flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the high yield and good commercial quality of the fruit.

Veteran- a tree of medium height, has a spherical, compact crown of medium density. The variety is moderately hardy, resistant to scab. For 4-5 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree after planting. The fruits begin to ripen until the end of September and they are stored in the refrigerator until mid-March. The tree yield is 220 kg/ha. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a slightly flattened shape. The apple is yellowish-green in color, has a brownish-yellow, tender, juicy flesh and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the shedding of foliage. And the advantage is high productivity, suitability for an intensive type garden, good commercial and consumer quality of fruits.

vita- an apple tree of medium height, has a rare, drooping crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The yield of the tree is moderate with variable frequency. The fruits begin to ripen in early September. Duration of storage until the end of March. The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has a flattened, ribbed, regular shape. The apple is greenish in color, has a dense, greenish flesh and a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the long-term preservation of fruits.

Knight- the apple tree is large, has a drooping crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The fruits begin to ripen in late September - early October and are stored until May. The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has a conical or round-conical shape. The color of the apple is yellowish green. Its flesh is white, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is high productivity, long shelf life and good fruit quality.

Cherry

Cherry- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded or flat-rounded, dense crown. The variety is moderately winter-hardy and moderately resistant to fungal diseases. The fruits begin to ripen in early September. Duration of storage until mid-February. The average size of an apple is 115 g, greenish-yellow in color. It has white, tender, fine-grained, juicy flesh and sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the excellent dessert taste of fruits and high yield.

Golden Delicious- refers to the winter type of apples.
This variety has a distinctive positive feature - long-term storage of apples.
At the same time, all external and taste properties of the fruit are preserved.
Therefore, this apple can be bought all year round, even in summer, when the new crop is just ripening.
This variety gives the first fruits in the second year of planting. The volume from one tree reaches 65 kilograms, and in fertile areas it reaches 80 kilograms.
For the first 7 years of vegetation, the tree gives a lot of fruits, but then the fertility depends on weather conditions and climate. At the age of ten years, the average yield is 230 centners per hectare.
The main advantages are:
High fertility;
Storage stability;
Early fruit picking;
High transportability.

Star

Star- the apple tree is vigorous, has a wide, sprawling, slightly drooping crown. The variety is moderately winter-hardy, resistant to apple scab. For 5-7 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree, after budding. The fruits are stored until February-March. The tree bears fruit every year. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a flattened round shape with slightly noticeable ribs. The color of the apple is light green with a red blush. And its flesh is green, juicy, fine-grained with a sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that the fruits become small over time and therefore regular pruning must be done. And the advantage is the good taste quality of fruits and their long-term keeping quality.

Health

Health- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded, dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy and resistant to scab. The fruits begin to ripen in early September. Duration of storage until mid-February. The yield of the tree is 230 kg/ha. The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has a flattened, regular shape. The apple is greenish-yellow in color with red speckles and wide blurry stripes. Its flesh is green, juicy, tender, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield and good quality of fruits.

Winter striped- an apple tree of medium height, has an elongated rounded crown. The variety is moderately hardy, the leaves can be affected by scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. Apples begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until the beginning of April. Tree yield 80 kg. The average size of an apple is 140-170 g, it has a flat-rounded or rounded shape. The apple is greenish-yellow in color with red strokes and stripes. And its flesh is cream-colored, loose, juicy, tender, with a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the annual fruiting of the tree, long-term storage, beautiful shape and good taste of the fruit.

Amazing

Amazing- an apple tree of medium height, has a spherical crown. The variety is characterized by medium winter hardiness and excellent resistance to powdery mildew and scab. At 6-7 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree. The tree yield is 200 kg/ha. The maximum keeping quality of fruits is 250 days. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has an elongated-conical, leveled shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a red blush. Its flesh is white, juicy, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that it can freeze slightly in harsh winters. And the advantage is the good quality of the fruit, high yield, fruit transportability and long-term keeping quality.

Imrus- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit in the 3rd year. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-September. Duration of storage until the end of February. The yield of the tree is 90 c/ha. The average weight of an apple is 1oo g, it has a flattened, slightly ribbed shape. The color of the apple is green with a red blush. The characteristic of the pulp is its creamy color, juiciness, density and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that the fruit has a thin skin. And the advantage is high yield, long shelf life, good commercial and consumer quality of fruits.

Kandil Orlovsky

Kandil Orlovsky- the apple tree is medium tall, has a rounded crown with drooping branches. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-September. Duration of storage until mid-February. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a one-dimensional, oblong-conical shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a raspberry blush. And its flesh is white, juicy, fine-grained, tender with a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial and consumer quality of the fruit.

Dwarf- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded, dense crown. The variety is moderately winter-hardy and moderately resistant to fungal diseases. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-October and they are stored until February. The yield of the tree is not sharply plentiful and periodic. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has a rounded, regular shape. Greenish-yellow apple. The flesh is light cream in color, semi-oily and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield and beautiful shape of the fruit.

Karpovskoe

Karpovskoe- the apple tree is tall, has an oval crown at a young age, and a spherical crown in the fruiting one. The variety is moderately hardy, can be affected by scab. At 6-8 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree, after budding. The variety is high-yielding, especially after 2-3 years after the start of fruiting, the yield increases very sharply. The fruits are stored in the fruit storage until May. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a flattened rounded shape. Greenish-yellow apple with a deep pink blush. The flesh is greenish, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield, long keeping quality and good commercial quality of fruits.

Kuibyshevskoe

Kuibyshevskoe- the apple tree is vigorous, has a broadly conical crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, not sufficiently resistant to scab and fruit rot. At 5-6 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The yield of the tree is high. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-September. Duration of storage until February and longer. The average size of an apple is 110-130 g, it has a flat-round, regular shape. The color of the apple is yellow with a red blush. And its flesh is cream-colored, tender, juicy, fine-grained with a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the annual fruiting, high yield, good quality fruits.

Kulikovskoe

Kulikovskoe- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The yield of the tree is 272 q/ha. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until the end of March. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a rounded regular shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a blurred purple blush. The characteristic of the pulp is white color and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the smallness of the fruit when the tree is overloaded with crops and there is no pruning. And the advantage is annual fruiting, high productivity, transportability, long-term preservation of fruits.

Kurnakovskoe

Kurnakovskoe- an apple tree of medium height, has a pyramidal crown. The variety is resistant to scab, winter-hardy. The apple tree, grafted on the insert 3-4-98, begins to bear fruit already in the 3rd year. The tree yield is 150 kg/ha. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until mid-February. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has an oblong-conical, slightly ribbed shape. The apple is greenish-yellow in color with pink stripes. Its flesh is cream-colored, dense, fine-grained, juicy, tender with a sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield, good commercial and consumer quality of fruits.

Kutuzovets

Kutuzovets- an apple tree of medium height, has a flat-round, and with age, a spreading crown of medium density. The variety is moderately winter-hardy and also moderately resistant to scab. For 5-7 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit from the moment the occulant grows. The yield of the tree is 113 q/ha. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until May. The average size of an apple is 120-130 g, it has a flat-round shape. Greenish apple with a streaked dull blush. The pulp is white, fine-grained, juicy, dense and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is that it is one of the best winter varieties of apple trees.

Lobo- an apple tree of medium height, has a broadly rounded, sparse crown. The variety is characterized by medium winter hardiness and poor resistance to powdery mildew and scab. The yield of the tree is high and stable. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a flattened rounded, slightly ribbed shape. Yellowish green apple with raspberry blush. Characteristic pulp is white, tender, fine-grained, juicy, sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is a stable yield, large-fruitedness, as well as high commercial and taste quality of the fruit.

March

March- the apple tree is fast-growing, vigorous, has a wide pyramidal crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, weakly resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 5-6 years. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until March. The yield of the tree is 110 kg. The average size of an apple is 145 g, it has a flattened rounded shape. The color of the apple is green with a red blush. And its flesh is green or white, juicy, semi-oily, fine-grained, tender with a sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that the tree is large, unripe fruits, as a rule, are covered with a tan during storage. And the advantage is annual fruiting, high productivity, a crown convenient for shaping and trimming, as well as good commercial quality of the fruit.

Moscow winter

Moscow winter- the apple tree is very tall, has a sprawling, widely rounded, dense, strongly leafy crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at 6-7 years. Removable maturity occurs at the end of September. Duration of storage until April. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has a one-dimensional, flattened, rounded, regular shape. The apple is light green in color with blurry dark red strokes. Its flesh is light green in color, medium density, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is the size, long shelf life, good taste of the fruit.

Moscow red

Moscow red- the apple tree is low, has a well leafy and dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy, practically not affected by scab. The fruits are stored until May. The average size of an apple is 130-190 g, it has a round-conical shape. The color of the bottom is greenish-yellow with a blurred red blush. The characteristic of the pulp is its yellow color, as well as sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is a long shelf life, good consumer and commercial quality of the fruit, as well as a small tree height is convenient for an intensive garden.

The apple tree is very tall, has a wide pyramidal crown at a young age and a wide oval later. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at 6-7 years. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until May. The average size of an apple is 165-235 g, it has a round-conical shape. Greenish-yellow apple with a pink blush. Its flesh is white, juicy, dense, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the strong density of the crown. And the advantage is long-term storage, good consumer quality of fruits.

undersized

undersized- the apple tree is low, has a flattened crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 4. The yield of the tree is 170 kg/ha. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a rounded, flattened shape. The apple is greenish-yellow in color with red stripes. The flesh is greenish, fine-grained, prickly, dense and sweet-sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is its high yield.

Olympic- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until mid-February. The yield of the tree is 172 q/ha. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a slightly ribbed shape. Greenish apple with brownish-red stripes. The characteristic of the pulp is its green color, tenderness, juiciness and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that the pulp of the fruit is loose. And the advantage is high productivity, good commercial and consumer quality of fruits.

Orlik- the apple tree is medium tall, has a compact rounded crown. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. The yield of the tree is 220 q/ha. Removable maturity in fruits occurs at the end of September. Duration of storage until mid-February. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a slightly flattened, slightly conical shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a red blush. The characteristic of the pulp is its creamy color, density, juiciness, fine grain and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is the partial shedding of fruits. And the advantage is high yield, good taste quality of fruits.

Oryol dawn

Oryol dawn- an apple tree of medium height, has a reverse pyramidal crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The yield of the tree is 180 kg/ha. Removable maturity in fruits occurs in early September. The average size of an apple is 100-120 g, it has a rounded, flattened, widely ribbed, slightly sloping shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a bright red blush. The characteristic of the pulp is white color, tenderness, juiciness and sweet and sour taste. The fruits are stored until the end of January. The advantage of the variety is high yield, good commercial and taste quality of the fruit.

Oryol woodland

Oryol woodland- the apple tree is medium tall, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The tree yield is 133 kg/ha. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-September. Duration of storage until mid-January. The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has an oblong-conical, widely ribbed, oblique shape. The apple is greenish-yellow in color with red dots and stripes. The pulp is white, coarse-grained, juicy, prickly, dense and sweet and sour in taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield, good commercial quality of fruits.

Pepin Orlovsky- the apple tree is large, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, highly resistant to scab. The tree yield is 162 kg/ha. Apples begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until mid-January. The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has a broadly conical, broadly ribbed shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a raspberry blush. The characteristic of the pulp is its white color, density, juiciness, fine grain and sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is high yield, good commercial quality of fruits.

Renet Tatar

Renet Tatar- an apple tree of medium height, has a broadly rounded, dense crown. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 3-4 years. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. Duration of storage until April. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a strongly flattened and broadly conical, slightly ribbed shape. Greenish-cream apple with pink blush. The characteristic of the pulp is white color, juiciness and sweet and sour taste. The advantage of the variety is the yield and transportability of fruits.

Freshness

Freshness- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown of medium density. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The fruits begin to ripen at the end of September. The tree yield is 187 kg/ha. The average size of an apple is 110 g, it has a flattened, barrel-shaped, widely ribbed, regular shape. The apple is greenish-yellow in color with red strokes and stripes. The flesh is greenish, dense, fine-grained, prickly, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until May. The advantage of the variety is the yield, good commercial quality of the fruit.

northern synapse- the apple tree is large, very tall, has a wide pyramidal crown of medium density. The variety is characterized by medium resistance to powdery mildew, scab, as well as high winter hardiness. An apple tree begins to bear fruit in the 5-8 year, and on a dwarf rootstock (62-396) it bears fruit in the second year. Removable maturity occurs in fruits in early October. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a round-conical shape. Yellowish green apple with a red blush. The characteristic of the pulp is white color, fine grain, juiciness and sweet and sour taste. Store apples in the refrigerator until May. The disadvantage of the variety is that with a plentiful harvest, the quality of the fruit decreases. And the advantage is productivity, long-term storage, good quality of fruits.

Sinap orlovsky

Sinap orlovsky- the apple tree is very tall, has a wide spreading crown. The variety is characterized by high winter hardiness and excellent resistance to scab. At 4-5 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit. The yield of the tree is 170 q/ha. Removable maturity occurs at the end of September. The average size of an apple is 130 g, it has a one-dimensional, oblong, round-conical shape. The color of the apple is yellowish-green with a blurred blush. The flesh is greenish-cream in color, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until May. The disadvantage of the variety is that with a lack of calcium in the soil, the fruits are affected by bitter pitting. And the advantage is high yield, long shelf life, good commercial and taste quality of fruits.

Sokolovskoe

Sokolovskoe- the apple tree is a natural dwarf, has a flat-horizontal crown and its maximum height is two meters. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. For 3-4 years, the apple tree begins to bear fruit after grafting. The yield of the tree is 65 kg. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a flat-rounded shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a red blush. The characteristic of the pulp is its creamy color, juiciness, fine grain, density and sweet and sour taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that the quality of the fruit decreases with prolonged high summer temperatures and dry air. And the advantage is large fruits, good commercial and taste quality of apples.

Start- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. Removable maturity occurs in fruits in mid-September. The yield of the tree is 170 kg/ha. The average size of an apple is 140 g, it has an oblong, broadly ribbed, beveled shape. The fruit is green with red stripes and specks. The flesh is greenish, white, dense, coarse-grained, juicy, prickly and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until the end of February. The advantage of the variety is its high yield and suitability for growing in an intensive type garden.

Stroevskoe

Stroevskoe- an apple tree of medium height, fast growing, has a wide pyramidal crown of medium density. The variety is resistant to scab, highly winter-hardy. Removable maturity occurs in fruits in mid-September. The yield of the tree is 117 kg/ha. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a medium flattened, conical, slightly ribbed, slightly sloping shape. The color of the fruit is greenish-yellow with a crimson blush. The pulp is green, white, dense, coarse-grained, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until mid-February. The advantage of the variety is high yield, good commercial quality of fruits, as well as suitability for cultivation in intensive gardens.

Student

Student- an apple tree of medium height, has a rounded crown. The variety is moderately winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 5. Removable maturity occurs at the end of September. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a flattened, rounded shape. Greenish apple with a raspberry blush and bluish bloom. The flesh is light green, tender, fine-grained and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until mid-May. The advantage of the variety is the yield, long shelf life, good commercial and consumer quality of the fruit.

Suvorovets- the apple tree is very tall, has a highly rounded, compact, rare crown. The variety is winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The apple tree begins to bear fruit for 4-5 years. Removable maturity occurs in fruits in early October. Duration of storage until mid-December. The average size of an apple is 120 g, it has a flat-rounded shape. The color of the apple is yellowish-green with a blurred blush. And the pulp is pale cream in color, juicy, fine-grained, dense and sweet and sour in taste. The disadvantage of the variety is that the taste of fruits deteriorates in cold, damp summers. And the advantage is abundant yield, long-term storage, transportability, good commercial quality of fruits.

Cliff- the apple tree is very tall, has a pyramidal crown. The variety is winter-hardy, moderately resistant to scab. At 7-8 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree. The tree yield is 80 centners/ha. Removable maturity occurs in fruits in mid-September. The average weight of an apple is 125 g, it has a flat-round, one-dimensional shape. The color of the apple is yellow-lemon with a red blush. And its flesh is cream-colored, fine-grained, tender, medium density, juicy and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until March and beyond. The advantage of the variety is the annual fruiting and good commercial quality of the fruit.

Welsey- an apple tree of medium height, has a broadly pyramidal crown at a young age, and later rounded. The variety is moderately winter-hardy, resistant to scab. For 4-5 years, fruiting begins at the apple tree. The yield of the tree is plentiful. Removable maturity occurs at the end of September. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has a turnip or flattened rounded shape. The apple is yellowish green in color with dark red stripes. The flesh is greenish, white and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until the end of February. The disadvantage of the variety is that with abundant harvests, the fruits begin to shrink and crumble. And the advantage is high yield, long shelf life, transportability and good commercial quality of the fruit.

Anniversary of Moscow

Anniversary of Moscow- The apple tree is medium tall, fast growing, has a rounded crown. The variety is moderately winter-hardy, resistant to scab. The yield of the tree is 83 kg/ha. Removable maturity occurs in fruits on September 15-20. The average size of an apple is 100 g, it has an oblong-conical, widely ribbed, slightly sloping shape. The color of the apple is greenish-yellow with a raspberry blush. And its flesh is white, greenish in color, prickly, dense, coarse-grained and sweet and sour in taste. Apples are stored until the end of February. The advantage of the variety is the good commercial quality of the fruit.

More additional varieties of apples with photos that are not included in the review:

Idared Altai Crimson Antonovka Common April White Lights Pennant Godin Delicious Smoky Zhebrovskoye Yellow Pouring Green Illumination Carnival Liberty Ligol Malt Bagaevsky Mantet March Mechta Mutsu Nocturne Orlik Autumn, Bulk Richard Rozhdestvenskoe Pink Pouring Rossoshanskoe Juice Stakheevskoe Slender Florina Tsvetaevskoe Gypsy Champion

Rice. Bessemyanka Michurinskaya

A number of autumn varieties - Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Mezenskoe, Orlovskoe Polosatoe most fully show keeping quality in cold storage conditions. At a temperature regime of +1° ... +2°С, the fruits of these varieties are stored until January and, according to this quality, can be attributed to the group of winter varieties.
The group of varieties with a fruit storage period of 91-150 days is the most numerous. The shelf life of these varieties is February, with longer storage they lose their taste (Martovskoye, Buninskoye, Orange, Pobeda Chernenko, Slava Peremozhtsy, Autumn Striped and others), fade. In the practice of storage, especially of large batches of fruits, it is important to know the main diseases and signs of the end of storage of each pomological variety. Late-winter varieties are characterized by fruit diseases such as rot, wilting, barn scab, which develops especially actively after February on unstable varieties. For early winter and autumn varieties, physiological diseases are more common: sunburn, wilting, low-temperature burn, overripeness, browning of the pulp.
So, for example, the fruits of the varieties Northern Sinap, Rossoshanskoye Polosatoye, Mekintosh, Vityaz, Lobo, Zhigulevskoye are susceptible to granary scab disease.
Fruits of varieties Pepin Saffron, Zhigulevskoe, Mezenskoe, Autumn Aloe suffer in some years from low-temperature burns. In such varieties as Mekintosh, Renet Chernenko, Welsey, Olympic, Orlovskaya Garland, Memory of the Warrior, Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Cinnamon New, Melba, the fruits in storage are subject to severe withering.
For production, first of all, high-life varieties are needed, which react poorly to changing weather conditions, with a relatively constant shelf life of fruits over the years. This is especially important for predicting the end of storage and scheduling the sale of fruits when they are stored in large refrigerated chambers and in chambers with a controlled gas environment, where it is difficult to control the condition of the fruit.
We have found that many varieties have significant variability in the duration of fruit storage, depending on the conditions of the year. Thus, the keeping quality of fruits of the Zhigulevskoye variety varied from 79 days in 1974 to 165 days in 1980, of the Renet Chernenko variety - from 86 days in 1977 to 210 days in 1979. The high variability of the keeping quality of fruits of the same variety, depending on the conditions of fruit formation, is indicated by high coefficients of variation (V%) - from 9 (varieties Sinap Orlovsky, Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Nadezhnoye) to 38% (cultivar Korichnoe Novoe) (Table 8) .
A more constant keeping quality of fruits over the years (the coefficient of variation is not more than 10%) is typical for the varieties: Sinap Orlovsky (V = 9%), Northern Sinap (10%), Bessemyanka Michurinskaya (9%), Nadezhnoe (9%).
The fruits of the varieties Antonovka Ordinary, Antonovka Novaya, Mezensky, Orange were better preserved in cool or very wet years. For most varieties, the maximum keeping quality of fruits is formed in years with a sufficient amount of heat (the sum of active temperatures for May - August is more than 2000 °) and a sufficient amount of precipitation during this period (more than 300 mm). In such years, the following varieties had the maximum shelf life: Veteran (212 days), Melba (110), Mekanis (213), Orlovskoe Polosatoe (168), Orlik (222), Pepin Shafranny (208), Renet Chernenko (210), Buninskoye (185). For most varieties in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem Zone, the limiting factor for the formation of marketable, storable fruits is heat.
Heavy rainfall 4-6 weeks before fruit ripening adversely affects the keeping quality of fruits. Physiological disorders, overripe fruits are observed.
An important factor determining the quality and potential of fruits in storage is their maturity at harvest. In the conditions of central Russia, the weight and size of the fruits increase especially intensively in the last two weeks before harvesting. Therefore, very early harvesting of fruits leads to a crop shortage of 10-30%, which negatively affects the commercial and consumer qualities of fruits. Late harvesting increases the percentage of carrion, negatively affects the overwintering of the tree, worsens the keeping quality of fruits, and leads to significant losses during storage.
Harvest dates are set specifically for each variety, taking into account the climatic zone. To determine the degree of maturity, a number of physical and chemical indicators are used: the color of the fruit, the strength of the attachment of the fruit to the branch, the density of the pulp, the color of the seeds, the iodine test for starch, chemical composition, the sum of active temperatures and other indicators. Such an indicator as the starch content in fruits has become widespread. For a number of varieties, we have developed and recommend indicators of optimal harvesting maturity in the conditions of the south of the Non-Chernozem Zone.
You can also use such an indicator as the number of days from mass flowering to optimal removable maturity. In the zone of the south of the Non-Black Earth Region, late winter varieties require 118-120 days from mass flowering to ripening, for winter - 114-116 days, for early winter and autumn - 108-110 days.
To increase the duration of storage of fruits, storage conditions and especially the temperature and composition of the gaseous medium are of great importance. The best temperature, as established by many years of practice, for most varieties of apples is from 0 to +2°C, with deviations of no more than 0.5°C. Some varieties may be damaged at 0°C, which is manifested by browning of the flesh or the appearance of sharply defined browning of the skin along the diameter (low-temperature burn). For such varieties, a storage temperature of -f2°…+3° is recommended. These are Antonovka Ordinary, Antonovka Novaya, Babushkino, Mezenskoye, Autumn Scarlet, Welsey.
Storage of fruits under conditions of a changed gas composition (RGS or MGS) is carried out at an increased content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (5-6%) and reduced oxygen (2-8%) and a temperature of + 2 ^ ... + 4 ° С. The concentration of carbon dioxide above 10% is dangerous, causing burns and browning of the flesh.
Abroad, 20-30% of apples are stored in a controlled atmosphere. This gives great advantages in comparison with conventional refrigeration storage: the duration of storage is increased by 2-3 months, the natural weight loss and losses from microbiological spoilage are reduced by 3-4 times. The fruits have an attractive appearance, keep the freshness of the garden, do not fade, remain juicy, the main color is greenish.
The gas regime is created either naturally - due to the breathing of the fruits, or artificially - with the help of gas generators.
The results of storage of apples in a gas environment largely determines the selection of appropriate varieties.
The high quality of fruits was obtained during storage in the RHS of late-summer varieties Melba and Mezenskoe; autumn - Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Autumn Striped, Orlovskoye Striped, Autumn Aloe, Glory to Peremozhtsy; winter - Veteran, Zhigulevskoe, Cinnamon New, Mekanis, Mekintosh, Orlik, Kulikovskoe, Olympic, Orlovskaya Garland, Memory of the Warrior, Memory of Michurin, Pepin Shafranny, Rossoshanskoye Striped, Spartan, Welsey, Northern Sinap, Sinap Orlovsky. When stored in production chambers with CGM, on average for 1984-1986, the yield of marketable fruits was 93.8-99.7% (Table 10).
The average selling price of apples from the RGS amounted to 930 rubles/ton; additional profit in the 10th five-year plan - 96 rubles/ton, in the 11th - 173 rubles/ton in comparison with conventional refrigeration storage (in 1986 prices).
One of the varieties of fruit storage in a gaseous environment is storage in plastic packaging. For this purpose, a food film with a thickness of 30-40 microns is used, with a bag capacity of 2-3 kg. Cooled after removal, the fruits are placed with the stalk inside, tightly tied or welded and placed in a refrigerator or fruit store. The method can be recommended for amateur gardeners.
For storage in a gas environment, the fruits of most varieties are best removed from the tree at the beginning of removable maturity. For varieties whose fruits are especially prone to withering (Welsey, Melba, Bessemyanka Michurinskaya, Mekintosh, Olympic, Memory of the Warrior, etc.), it is better to store early harvested fruits in chambers with a controlled gas environment, which will protect them from withering. Subsequent batches of apples taken from the tree in a state close to full maturity ( late deadline removal), store in conventional chambers.
The ability of fruits to maintain commercial qualities after storage is called the "residual effect" of storage. Our experience has shown that the fruits after storage in the RGS retained marketable qualities at elevated temperatures much longer (12-15 days) than after storage in a conventional refrigerator (5-6 days). Fruits from RGS withered less, had a denser juicy pulp and were rated higher in appearance and taste at tastings.
In some years, this disease developed intensively on fruits from RGS in varieties prone to sunburn, such as Northern Sinap, Renet Chernenko, Sinap Orlovsky and others, after storage at a temperature of 18-20 ° C, while sunburn developed on fruits from the refrigerator. went slower. For such varieties, a quick sale of fruits after opening the chamber is recommended.
Losses during storage consist of weight loss, absolute waste, technical defects, deterioration of commercial and food qualities. Varietal differences in the degree of storage stability are quite large. So, the largest losses in terms of weight loss of fruits were varieties Olympic (1.69% in terms of 30 days of storage), Kulikovskoe (1.59%), Orlovskoe Polosatoe (1.55%), Renet Chernenko (1.47%), Orlik (1.38%), Pepin Shafranny (1.37%), Mekanis (1.33%). The fruits of these varieties in storage are subject to significant wilting. The greatest weight loss occurs in the initial storage period, so it is especially important to create appropriate conditions in the first storage period.
In contrast to weight loss, which occurs relatively evenly, disease development can be progressive, with significant outbreaks, which can lead to large storage losses. Therefore, the study of fruit diseases characteristic of varieties and the development of measures to prevent them are important tasks to reduce storage losses.
In the middle lane, the most common storage diseases are from microbiological - various types rot: fruit, gray, brown and others; barn scab, phytophthora. Of the physiological diseases, sunburn, low-temperature burn, wilting, filling, browning of the pulp and core, overripeness, and plumpness are common.
According to our observations, the following varieties are relatively resistant to rot pathogens: Autumn Striped, Cinnamon Striped, Slava Peremozhtsy, Melba, Antonovka Obyknovnaya, Sinap Orlovsky. For the first four autumn varieties mentioned above, the end of storage is usually due to overripe fruits, loss of taste, and not rotting of the fruits.
Barn scab in recent years has become one of the most common diseases of apples in refrigerators of state farms in the middle zone. Mushroom, disease-causing barn scab, is highly resistant to cold, and therefore even low refrigerator temperatures are not able to exclude the development of this disease. Mass manifestation most often occurs in January - February. At the first sign of the appearance of scab (in the form of small black dots over the entire surface of the fruit), apples should be immediately sold.
According to our data, fruits of the following varieties are highly susceptible to granary scab in the conditions of a refrigerator: Northern Sinap (3.0%), Antonovka Novaya (6.0%), Vityaz (5.8%), Zhigulevskoe (9.7%), Mekintosh (7.8%), Lobo (16.4% of affected fetuses on average over the years of records).
Storage in CGS reduces the incidence of fruit scab. So, the fruits of the Northern Sinap variety, when stored in the CGS, were affected by granary scab by 0.2%, and in the refrigerator - 9.8%. The same pattern was noted for other varieties. The main measures to combat barn scab are the selection resistant varieties, storage in the RGS, disinfection of containers, storage and processing of trees in the garden against scab.
Physiological diseases or functional disorders arise as a result of violations of physiological and biochemical processes in the fetus. So, the low content of calcium in apples leads to the disease of fruits in storage with bitter pitting. Among the physiological diseases, sunburn, low-temperature burn (“wet burn”), darkening of the core, browning of the pulp, filling, wilting, overripeness have the greatest distribution in the refrigerators of the middle lane.
Sunburn is one of the most common physiological diseases, it manifests itself in the browning of the skin of the fruit. The flesh of the fruit under the skin remains light, but in the future, a deeper browning begins to go, fruit rot develops. Brown spots on the surface of the skin do not affect the taste, but reduce the marketability of the fruit.
Cultivars vary widely in their susceptibility to sunburn, but there are no completely resistant varieties. The most sensitive to tan varieties are Antonovka Ordinary, Vityaz, Northern Sinap, Renet Chernenko. In some years, a light tan is noted on the fruits of the Autumn Striped, March, Bogatyr.
Fruits are more affected by sunburn after a hot dry summer. Storage at low temperatures ah and good ventilation, packing fruits in oily wrappers reduce the incidence of fruit sunburn.
The highest resistance to physiological diseases (affected fruits was less than 0.5%) had varieties: Buninskoe, Veteran, Pamyat Voinu, Lobo, Kulikovskoe. At the same time, some varieties showed a greater propensity of fruits to physiological diseases: Autumn Aloe, Antonovka Ordinary, Mezenskoye, Pepin Shafranny, Zhigulevskoye, Vityaz, Renet Chernenko.
Thus, the correct organization of industrial storage of apples is, first of all, the selection of commercial varieties and the determination of optimal storage modes for each variety. A certain role is played in the formation of the keeping quality of fruits by garden factors, which we do not touch on here due to the brevity of the presentation.
To draw up plans for the sale of fruits from the refrigerator and their uniform receipt in the distribution network, a sales schedule is proposed.

Apple tree - perhaps the most common fruit tree our gardens. It has been cultivated since time immemorial. And it is he who wants to be planted in the first place on his site by almost all novice gardeners. Varieties of apples today are amazing. There are really a lot of them: both ancient, long-known, and new ones, bred or brought to our country quite recently.

How to choose exactly the apple tree that will be rich in harvest, unpretentious, resistant to diseases and whose fruits will be to the taste of the gardener and his family members? Below are the varieties of apple trees for central Russia, photos, their features, advantages and disadvantages. This will help you make a choice.

So, the first thing to say is that trees are:

• summer - ripen early, from about July. Their fruits are not soft, they need to be eaten or processed within 2-3 weeks.
• autumn - suggest harvesting in early autumn. They are stored, as a rule, until the middle of winter;
• winter or late - fully ripen in late autumn. They are the lightest, stored literally until the beginning of summer.

It is interesting that winter and autumn types of apples ripen during further storage.

Summer varieties of apple trees photo with name and description, care

Summer fruits are varied. Among them you can find a variety of taste qualities with structural characteristics.

White filling

Widely known and very popular variety. You can enjoy this at the beginning of July. The height of an adult tree is 3-5 m, the fruits are round, greenish in color, at the stage of full ripeness they become almost white. The pulp is fragrant, somewhat loose and coarse-grained. Moderately sour. It is very important to harvest the crop without overripe, because in this case it loses its quality. Picked fruits spoil rather quickly, so you need to use them without delay. The white filling is winter-hardy, the seedling begins to bear fruit in the 5th year.

Melba

An apple variety of Canadian origin, ripens in late summer. They are of medium, often large size, rounded elongated. Their color is yellowish, half decorated with an elegant red striped blush. The pulp of Melba is snow-white. Incredibly good, sweet and sour, with a noticeable candy smell. It bears fruit at 4 years old. Regarding winter hardiness.

Mantet

Also came to us from Canada. Its fruits are round-oblong, painted in bright color, dotted with red on a basic greenish background. They are quite large, pleasant, almost without acid, dense, juicy, slightly creamy. Mantet is stored for a short time, only 2-3 weeks. It enters fruiting quite early, already at 4-5 autumn. It is resistant to major diseases, but does not tolerate very severe frosts.

Grushovka Moscow

An ancient, but often found in our time, variety. It ripens in August, it will have to be consumed and used in 2-4 weeks. The fruits are medium, small, round, somewhat flattened. Their main color is pale green, covered with a pink blush of spots, stripes. Pear pulp is loose and tender, juicy, more sour and with a pleasant smell. The tree is tall, plentiful, begins to give a rich harvest quickly. The winter hardiness of Grushovka will not bring any worries even in the coldest year.

Candy

A variety of sweet apples, as its name speaks eloquently. In addition, it is beautiful, yellow, with a reddish and even brown blush. Round in shape, white inside, juicy and tender. They ripen by mid-August. Shelf life is limited to 2-3 weeks. They don't transport well. Trees of the Candy variety will allow you to enjoy the fruits as early as 4-5 years old, they are unpretentious in care, resistant to diseases, winter-hardy.

Autumn varieties of apples photo with a description, care

autumn fruits in the best way suitable for conservation.

Mac

Canadian variety, fruits are medium, yellow-green, with a cover of almost purple stripes on a red background. The middle is white, often with characteristic reddish streaks, pleasantly spicy. An excellent commercial variety. A vigorous and spreading tree. Cleaning - from September, you can eat it until the middle of winter. The disadvantage is low frost resistance and susceptibility to diseases.

Shtreifling

Variety of folk selection, originally from the Baltic countries. These are large, yellow-green fruits covered with orange-brown stripes. Inside they are pale yellowish, juicy. Somewhat reminiscent of raspberries, the same sweet and sour. You can collect from the beginning of autumn, store in a cool place until about December. Shtreifling is winter-hardy, but bears fruit only from 8-9 autumn.

Glory to the winners

Hybrid of Macintosh and White filling. Ripens at the beginning of autumn, keeping quality - until the middle of winter. Quite large, oblong, has a green color, with a spectacular red blush. Feature varieties - noticeable dots on the skin. The pulp of Glory to the winners is creamy, it smells amazing. They are transportable. The apple tree of this variety is vigorous, sprawling over time. Under especially favorable conditions, it can bear fruit literally on 2, but usually on 4-5 autumn. The variety is productive, resistant to frost, but the minus is that it does not tolerate drought.

cinnamon striped

A well-known, even ancient, variety, ripens mainly in September. Greenish-yellow in color, with a cover of clear stripes on a reddish background. Its flesh is yellowish, sometimes with red streaks, tender, dessert, with clearly perceptible notes of cinnamon. Fruits of this variety are guaranteed to lie until January. It begins to give birth from 8-9 autumn, its yield is moderate. The winter hardiness of Cinnamon Striped is perhaps the best of other varieties of apple trees growing in the middle lane.

Zhigulevskoe

The variety is widespread. The fruits are red-striped. In a section - a cream shade, gentle, coarse-grained. It is moderately sour. It ripens in late August - early September, lies well until December. The seedling will give the first harvest in 5 years. Fruits abundantly, almost every year. Resistant to tree diseases, but this apple tree is afraid of severe frosts.

Winter varieties of apple trees with a description, care

Winter apples are distinguished by a strong structure, therefore they are well preserved.

Antonovka

An old, beloved winter variety of apples. Its apples have a beautiful, yellowish-golden color and a unique, recognizable aroma. The inside of such an apple is snow-white, crispy, with a slight sourness. The tree is strong, harmonious, with dense foliage. It enters fruiting only at 7 years. Even the youngest Antonovka seedlings are not afraid of Morozov. In general, the variety is unpretentious, resistant to diseases.

Jonathan

The variety is popular and has a lot of advantages. Released in the USA. Its fruits are of medium and large size, colored yellow-green, covered with a dark red blush, sometimes "rusty" with a net. Their pulp is strong, crispy, creamy, juicy, dessert. The yield of apple trees of the Jonathan variety, starting from the 5th year, is very high, with good soil and proper care. They ripen in October and are successfully stored until April. Susceptibility to diseases and winter hardiness are average.

Pepin saffron

Variety of winter apples of domestic selection. It has round fruits, yellowish-green in color, with a magnificent red blush and a dense creamy middle. Their taste is excellent, grape-sweet, interestingly spicy, with an unsurpassed aroma. They ripen in October and lie perfectly until March and April without loss of quality. The tree bears fruit abundantly from 5-7 years, but requires regular pruning. In too cold winters, it tends to freeze slightly, but, however, then it recovers well.

Golden Delicious

Ready to be harvested in September and keeps well until March. The fruits are medium and often large, round, slightly elongated-conical. When ripe, they have a yellow-golden skin color. Inside they are dense and incredibly juicy, creamy. After lying down, they become much softer. The taste of Golden Delicious is sweet and pleasant. This variety is of American origin. Regular fruiting of this apple tree comes from the age of 7. Its frost resistance is good, but it is difficult to tolerate drought.

Welsey

This winter apple variety is also bred in the USA. The fruits are medium in size, rounded, strongly flattened, yellow-gold in color with a cover in the form of red stripes. Inside, they are white, sour, with a delicate, pleasant aroma. Interestingly, their taste can change every year. Welsey apple trees ripen in early autumn, lie until February in a specially equipped storage facility. Seedlings begin to produce crops from 4-5 years. They are quite plentiful. Winter hardiness is normal, they resist diseases well.

Sinap orlovsky

Sings in September, perfectly preserved until May. The fruits are quite large, oblong, golden, with a delicate and thin blush, sour. Trees bear fruit from autumn 4-5, regularly, one might say almost annually.

Dwarf apple varieties, photo

Dwarf apple trees grow where the area allocated for the garden is small. A dwarf apple tree is obtained by grafting the required variety onto a special stock. The tree grows only 2-4 m high, compact. You can expect fruits for 3-4 years. At the same time, it is very convenient to collect them, thanks to short stature.

Outcome:

The presented varieties of apple trees with photos are very popular due to their qualities. When laying and planning a garden, it is worth making your choice in favor of several types. Planted together summer, autumn and winter varieties of apple trees for central Russia will provide you with the opportunity to enjoy these fruits almost all year round, from July to May. The above varieties of apples with descriptions and photos will help you plan the planting of a beautiful, productive garden.

From the south to the north of our country, the apple tree is a favorite fruit crop. People have been growing it since ancient times, and therefore there are more than 10,000 varieties of apples, old, known for a long time, new or recently brought to us! They differ in size, shape, taste of fruits: from bitter, insipid, sour to very sweet, so everyone can choose what he likes.

Apples are: summer, that is, they ripen early, usually in July, they do not lie well, the shelf life is about three weeks, in which they need to be eaten or processed.

Apples autumn categories begin to be collected in September, they can be stored until the middle of winter. Harvest late, or winter, finally ripens at the end of autumn. Apples of this category are distinguished by good keeping quality and winter hardiness.

It is curious that both autumn and winter varieties of apples can ripen during storage. We will look at the best and most popular in each category in the form of a list with illustrations so that it is possible to identify and recognize the name of the fruit from the photo.

Came from the Crimea, although now it grows in the north-eastern regions of Russia. Comes from the variety Kandil-Chinese.

Is different good winter hardiness and keeping quality, the fruits can be stored until May-June, making it very popular. Fast-growing, gives a stable, plentiful harvest of very tasty apples.

For good fruit ripening, it requires a lot of summer heat, therefore, in regions with short and rather cold summers, apples simply will not ripen. It's worth harvesting finally ripe, since unripe fruits will not have characteristic taste qualities, and during storage they may wither, but not ripen. But ripe fruits will have the best taste two to three months later.

Medium resistance to fungal diseases and drought. Suitable for fresh consumption, processing into juice, compote and jam, as well as for the manufacture of dried fruits.

A well-known early-growing variety that came from Canada. Melba bears fruit literally for 3 years. This apple tree is grown almost everywhere in Russia, with the exception of Far East, the Urals and northeast Siberia.

Is different high yield. Melba's flesh is snowy, the skin is smooth. The fruits are not small, sweet and sour, with a pleasant candy aroma. Melba apples are well transported and, if stored properly, lie until November, unripe apples - until January, without losing their attractiveness and taste, which distinguishes the variety from other summer ones.

Harvest harvest late summer and early autumn. Melba does not withstand frost well, it becomes infected with scab, mature trees do not bear fruit regularly. But she is not afraid of a dry hot summer.

More than 20 new species were bred on the basis of the Melba apple tree.

Late winter, Student's harvest falls on September and first half of October. It differs especially early term fruiting: apples appear in the second year. The variety is popular in central Russia.

The fruits are not too large, but have an attractive appearance, have a pleasant, sweet and sour taste. The apple tree tolerates frost quite well, resistant to scab. The fruits have good keeping quality, easy to save until May. They ripen for a long time, the harvest is removed in October.

Types of late apple trees

Idared apple tree - tall tree. Fruiting begins 5-6 years after planting. The apples are quite large, green in color with a yellow or red blush, pleasant taste, the flesh is dense and juicy.

Harvest harvest at the end of September, and apples lie until the beginning of spring. Brown spot resistant variety, but susceptible to powdery mildew and scab. It is used fresh, in the preparation of juice and compotes, as well as dried fruits.

A variety that begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting. The advantage is the ability to grow it in almost any climatic zone.

The fruits have a pleasant sweet and sour taste, firm and strong, juicy. Until the very harvest, the apples remain light green in color, turn yellow during storage, and a blush may appear. Scab resistant, hardy, well transported and consistently good fruiting. The harvest is taking place in September, with proper storage, apples lie until the end of spring.

The unique McIntosh variety comes from Canada. The fruits are whitish yellow or green with purple or burgundy stripes.

Fruiting begins 6-7 years after planting. Harvest harvest late September - early October, after which it lies for 2-3 weeks and only after that it is considered ripe.

Apples are moderately sweet, rich in taste. Possesses medium keeping quality, the fruits are stored until the beginning of spring and at full ripeness the flesh becomes slightly transparent. Winter hardiness and resistance to scab are average.

summer varieties

In most regions of Russia, summer is not long, and therefore summer apples are sometimes not a frequent treat. Apple trees of this category ripen early and begin to bear fruit.

To date, breeders have bred many varieties of apple trees that can be grown in regions that were previously considered unsuitable for their growth.

Summer apples are usually juicy, sweet and very tasty. Their biggest disadvantage is poor keeping quality. They are consumed fresh, juiced and canned. Let's consider the best of them.

Popular, common, old variety. Fruits of noble ivory color, hence the name. The apple tree is a white filling of medium height, an adult tree grows up to 5 meters high, the crown is pyramidal.

White filling is winter-hardy, but is highly vulnerable to tree pests, therefore it requires regular treatments. They have a sweet and sour taste. Harvest harvest in August.

Apples spoil quickly, especially when bumped or dropped, because stored for a very short time. Therefore, it is most correct to immediately eat them or process them. Overripe fruits should not be allowed, as in this case the taste quality deteriorates noticeably, the pulp becomes mealy and almost tasteless.

The fruits of white filling deteriorate not only when falling, but even when pressed hard with a finger, dark spots appear, the flesh loosens, becoming dry and powdery. Therefore, apples must be removed very carefully.

Another well-known variety, which is often confused with white filling. But this is not entirely correct. Although they are relatives, they still have differences. The birthplace of the apple tree Papirovka is the Baltic States. It begins to bear fruit early, already 5 years after planting.

Tolerates frost well, but unstable to scab, traces of which can be seen both on the foliage and on the apples themselves. Harvest ripens a week earlier than white filling. The pulp of paprika is white, coarse-grained, contains elevated level ascorbic acid, because the taste of apples is refreshingly sour. Fairly well resists the influence of pests and diseases, but suffers from drought and frost.

Papaya fruits poorly transported and lie, are stored for about three weeks, if damaged, they quickly rot. If you want to keep them for a while, you need to harvest them unripe. Also well suited for processing and conservation.

A variety of apples obtained by the Michurin method from white filling and boxes. Apple trees are characterized by rapid development and growth, they begin to bear fruit in the 5th year, have a powerful spreading crown.

They unpretentious, winter-hardy, which is a definite plus for many Russian regions. Pruning trees helps increase the yield, as well as the ability to form a bush from the tree. Due to frost resistance, cultivation is possible even in Siberia.

fruits ripen mid August, from one tree you can harvest up to 50 kg. The fruits are smooth, with a sweet taste and excellent presentation. Apples have a good keeping quality, can be stored for up to two months.

The main difference between winter and summer apples is that winter apples should be eaten after they have lain for at least a month.

Apple tree withstands frosts down to -50, therefore it can be grown in many Russian regions, even in the Urals and Siberia. It is one of the most frost-resistant. They begin to bear fruit already 5 years after planting, the crop ripens in July-August, but they do not bear fruit en masse. Apples inside the crown and at the top ripen at different times, which greatly complicates the harvest.

The pulp of apples is juicy, but after picking it quickly becomes mealy. Fruit do not tolerate transportation and almost never stored. In rainy weather, they are prone to infection with scab, and in drought, the tree can even discard the fruits.

Not very suitable for preservation, because the taste of apples is sour, which will require high costs Sahara. But at the same time, they contain a lot of vitamins B and C, therefore it is better to use them fresh.

It has Canadian roots, bred by the method of natural pollination of the Moscow pear. Apples are round-oblong, slightly ribbed at the top, bright. The taste of Mantet is very sweet, almost without the presence of sourness, the flesh is white and fragrant.

ripen from the end of July to the end of August. It bears fruit early, but the fruits are stored for no more than two weeks. Trees are prone to scab can't stand frost.

As the name implies, the color of the fruit is striped, which is its distinguishing feature from other varieties. The apple tree is quite unpretentious in care, has immunity to scab, frost-resistant. When grown in almost any conditions, you can get a high yield of tasty, juicy, fragrant apples with delicate pulp.

The fruits are stored poorly, overripe and not harvested in time, the crop will simply crumble from the tree. Suitable for fresh consumption, jams and compotes.

Quinty was bred about 30 years ago in Canada, from where it came to us. It was created specifically for regions with relatively low average annual temperatures. Fruit ripening occurs early, the harvest is already harvested from mid July.

The fruits of the apple tree are small, with a persistent bright aroma and a sweetish-sour taste. Despite early ripening harvest, resistance to powdery mildew, drought and heat, which are the undoubted advantages of the variety, the fruits are stored for a very short time, only about two weeks. quinti apple tree not hardy and susceptible to scab.

Autumn varieties of apples

Autumn apples are the best for all types of conservation. Consider the best and most popular of them.

The variety is considered one of the best in its category. High yielding, different average winter hardiness, the planted tree begins to bear fruit at 7-8 years. Ripening in the second half of September, the fruits remain on the tree for a long time without falling off. Stored until mid-December.

Fruits of medium size, with a blurred blush, with a creamy pulp of pleasant taste.

Despite the high quality of apples, the variety is not resistant to drought.

cinnamon striped

A popular and long-known variety of apples. It differs in that it begins to give abundant harvests rather late, after 14-15 years. High winter resistant long-lived variety, tolerates long-term severe frosts.

Fruits with cream-colored pulp, high palatability and aroma of cinnamon, thanks to which they gave such a name. The harvest is taking place in September, laying time - up to two months. Apples are good for urination and jam. In rainy weather, the variety is susceptible to scab disease.

Consumer maturity, that is, the time when autumn apples can be eaten, comes after 2-3 weeks of maturation.

Winter hardy unpretentious variety with regular fruiting.

fruits ripen in early September, and can lie until November. The apple tree begins to bear fruit already from the 4th year after planting, the fruits are juicy, yellowish, of medium taste. Despite the high tolerance of low temperatures, the tree has fragile wood, the nondescript taste of the apples themselves. Fruits and leaves are susceptible to scab.

Variety Pamyat Isaev, possessing extremely high winter hardiness, high productivity. The harvest is taking place late autumn, and the collected fruits are stored until January.

Apples have a sweet and sour taste, have a not pronounced aroma, with dense, juicy and tender pulp. Scab resistant.

matures in September-October, the harvested crop of rather large fruits is stored for up to three months.

Apples are sweet with sour taste, juicy and very tender. It begins to bear fruit early, as early as 4 years old, good disease resistance and winter hardiness.

Giving high yields frost tolerant grade. Large fruits with a pleasant sweet and sour taste ripen in early September.

Winter

Varieties of apples that have a late ripening period are called winter. Winter apples are valuable because you can eat them all year long.. The best varieties of this category have such good keeping quality.

Winter apples are difficult to eat immediately after picking, as they usually ripen during storage. The crop is harvested from mid-autumn, and the fruits lie until May-June.

Knight

fruits ripen in the first half of October are stored until April-May. Trees of large size, harvests are plentiful, up to 240 kg. The tree is powerful, scab and moderate frost resistance. Therefore, it requires special attention in winter period and also requires regular spraying.

The fruits are quite large, with excellent taste. Stored until May, suitable both for raw consumption and for all processing methods.

Growing winter varieties of apples is more difficult due to the small amount of heat, unlike summer and autumn ones. For this reason, they need more careful care and regular feeding.

A well-known and popular variety. It has quite a few types: white, ribbed, gray, striped and so on. All of them are characterized by high, but not regular yields. Frost-resistant and well tolerate other climatic troubles.

The fruits have a characteristic aroma of high intensity, sweet with sour taste, juicy and crispy flesh.

Harvest off in the first decade of October. Depending on the method of storage, apples of this variety lie: in the refrigerator - until December, in the basement - until December. They eat it fresh, and also process it into jam, marmalade and marshmallow, make compotes and juices.

Apple varieties are drought tolerant, strong wind. The trees grow very tall with medium to large green fruits in various shades. A distinctive sign is the formation of a brown tint on the fruits.

Possess very high keeping quality are kept until the summer. The harvest of juicy fruits with a spicy, slightly giving wine, sweet taste is removed in September-October. Suitable mainly for fresh consumption.

A variety that can endure the coldest winters. Highly frost resistant.

When ripe, the fruits turn red, have a pleasant tangible aroma, juicy and sweet. It is not uncommon for apples to have a wax coating, which helps to increase the keeping quality of the fruit.

Harvesting falls on late September-early October I, and apples can be stored almost until the end of spring. You can eat them after 2 months of lying, when they are fully ripe.

Sinap (Kandil) Orlovsky

The trees are quite large, with large fruits of almost the same size. Apples are green with a blush, sweet with a slight sourness. Harvest harvest at the end of September, apples lie until spring.

Bred in the Volga region, because tolerates both severe frosts and drought. Scarlet begins to bear fruit quite late, 6-7 years after planting, bringing abundant harvests.

The harvest is taking place In November, keeping quality is limited to two months. An unpretentious apple tree, but when the weather is too wet, the fruits and leaves become infected with scab.

Ripe fruits are almost completely covered with a scarlet blush, small in size, and have a good taste.

The sweetest and most delicious fruits and their names

Adults and especially children are very fond of eating a delicious, sweet apple. The most famous in this category is the white pour and candy we talked about earlier. In addition to them, there are still popular varieties of this category.

winter hardy precocious type. Thanks to large size, the tree is able to withstand fairly large fruits. Apples are sweet, with very fragrant, but not too dense pulp.

Harvest off at the beginning of October, and the fruits lie until the end of February. Possessing excellent taste data and presentation, it is also resistant to scab.

Sweet bliss

Medium-sized tree with sweet and sour fruits of rounded shape small size. Light blush apples are characterized by excellent aroma, sweet dessert taste without the presence of sourness.

Resists adverse factors well environment. Is different high frost resistance.

The fruits are small, cylindrical, yellow in color, with a very sweet taste and pleasant aroma. The yield is average.

Nectar

summer winter-hardy grade. Fruits of medium and large size are sweet, with a slight sourness and honey flavor. Ripening occurs In the end of August and lasts for a month.

Winter hardiness is very high, withstands frosts down to -40. Good immunity to diseases and resistance to pests.

It is grown in central Russia, Belarus and the Baltic states. summer ripening, tolerates frost well.

The yield is average, and the tree begins to bear fruit quite late. The fruits are small in size, very fragrant, with a honey-sweet taste. The foliage and the apples themselves are resistant to scab. ripen at the end of July-beginning of August. However, the keeping quality is low, they are stored for a month.

Lungwort

Variety with uneven maturation, harvested in the second half of August. The taste of apples improves after a short rest, becoming even more honey-sweet. Taste is preserved long time without changes.

Best Greens

Green, with a sour taste, green apples are considered most beneficial to health and with diets. Among them is the most popular Simirenko Renet variety, as well as papirovka, antonovka and white filling, described above, and others.

Probably the most popular winter variety of green apples right now, which is difficult to confuse with others due to its bright, shiny green color and tough peel. Released in Australia. The taste of the fruits is very juicy with a pleasant sourness, they are considered dietary due to the low sugar content.

Late ripening, ripens by the end of autumn. The fruits are large and have no fragrance, which is their specialty. They tolerate transportation well and can be stored for a long time. frost-resistant, with regular abundant fruiting. However, with a lack of heat and light, the fruits become smaller and turn yellow.

Granny Smith is the most popular apple for weight loss diet.

Pepin saffron

Variety does not have good frost resistance and in severe colds it freezes slightly, although after a good time it recovers. For regular fruiting, it requires regular pruning, it brings the first crops 5-7 years after planting.

Apples are sweet, with an interesting grape and spicy flavor, with a bright aroma. Have a good keeping quality, from the moment of collection in October perfectly stored until March, retaining their taste.

Golden Delicious

Despite the yellowish color, the variety still belongs to this category. Apple tree tolerates frost well, but drought tolerance is low.

Dense, very juicy fruits with a sweet taste are harvested From september and keep until March. Lying has a positive effect on the taste, making it even more tender.

Best Reds

Beautiful, bright apples will decorate any table and seem especially tasty. The best varieties The categories are as follows.

Florina

French variety, resistant to scab. Large, slightly flattened apples ripen in October. It begins to bear fruit at the age of 6, but good harvests are harvested only at 8-10.

The quality of the fruits is very high: sweet, juicy, with signs of sourness, become even sweeter during maturation. Well transported and stored until March. Frost and drought tolerance medium.

Variety with large, bright red fruits beautiful shape. Excellent taste, appearance, but resistance to scab of an average level. The tree begins to bear fruit 5 years after planting, but yields significant yields only by 10 years.

Red Delicious

An early-growing variety, the first crops can be harvested after 3-4 years. Need to do it at the end of September, and the fruits lie until the end of winter, with proper storage until April.

The apples are rich, bright red in color, with a dense skin, sweet, with a slight iron aftertaste, juicy and crunchy. They are well transported, resistant to mechanical damage, but are affected by bitter spot during storage. It has no resistance to scab, but frost resistance average.

Late winter variety native to America. It is also known to gardeners under other names: winter horoshavka, winter red, oslamovskoe. You need to grow on moist soils, only under this condition can you get good yields. The tree is resistant to both scab and powdery mildew.

Fruits with a pleasant, sour taste with sweetness and a bright aroma in mid-September. It tolerates transportation and storage well, lies until mid-spring.

Jonathan fruit is most often mentioned in recipes and are used in baking.

Lobo

The variety originated from the Mackintosh, and therefore has its properties: rich red color, excellent taste. The variety is distinguished by annual fruiting with a noticeable increase in yield, the first can be removed after 3-4 years.

Tolerates frost well and drought tolerant, but moderately resistant to disease.

The best varieties of apples for the Moscow region and the middle lane

The region near Moscow is characterized by an unstable climate, a short summer and a lack of light. Therefore, the varieties that are best suited for cultivation should be hardy, unpretentious and frost-resistant.

Among the summer varieties are suitable: Moscow pear, lungwort, candy, cinnamon striped, which were mentioned above. As well as autumn varieties of apples.

autumn

Zhigulevskoe

The first fruits are harvested 5-6 years after planting, the harvest is plentiful, but decreases over the years.

Characteristic features of the variety are very large fruit. But it is better to plant in the southern regions, since the variety does not tolerate frost and weakly resists scab. matures in September, and harvested apples lie for up to two months.

cinnamon new

Another autumn variety of apples suitable for growing in the Moscow region. The first harvest is taken quite late after planting, closer to 6-7 years. At first, the trees bear fruit regularly, over the years the yield increases, but becomes irregular.

The fruits are small, juicy, fragrant, with bright spots. in mid-September They keep for about three months. winter hardy, pest resistant variety.

Among the winter varieties suitable for growing in this region, it is worth noting the already described Antonovka, Pepin Saffron, Borovinka, Long, Kandil Orlovsky and some others.

Star

Variety with average winter hardiness but good resistance to scab and various pests. Fruiting begins at the earliest - after 5 years of cultivation, a crop of light striped fruits is harvested in the fall and stored for about six months.

Good, frost-resistant variety with excellent resistance to pests and various diseases.

After 5-7 years, you can take a good harvest, the apples are large, sweet and sour, green with a bright blush. ripen in September-October, with proper storage lie up to April.

Early

Delight

Semi-dwarf autumn variety, bears fruit well from the 3rd year of growth. A fast-growing, high-yielding apple tree with medium-sized red fruits. Due to the thickened crown, the size of the apples is different, their taste is sweet and sour. Especially valuable for immunity to scab and good frost resistance.

By the third year of cultivation, good yields of sweet and sour apples can be harvested. Frost resistant and scab, loves top dressing, but it is necessary to deal with aphids.

Dwarf tree, yellow fruit in the second half of August are kept for a month.

The described varieties of apples are considered the best, because they are very successful and popular with many gardeners. By planting summer, autumn and winter varieties together, you can enjoy delicious fruits all year round.