Not while breastfeeding. Is it possible to get pregnant while breastfeeding. What can you eat after giving birth to a nursing mother list

Almost all mothers know that the best food for a child is mother's milk. And every mother has to remember that through her milk, many substances penetrate into the child's body almost as well as through the placenta. But during the period of breastfeeding, most mothers have to take medication. And every time they are prescribed, a logical question arises: how will the drug taken affect the child? How to make taking medications during safe?

Antibiotics

Let's start with the most common and most commonly used drugs - antibiotics. Almost all of them pass into milk, and clear recommendations on the prohibition of the so-called "permitted" antibiotics during lactation have not yet been developed, so in some cases breastfeeding will have to be abandoned. This is due to the fact that, firstly, antibacterial drugs can cause an allergic reaction in a baby, even if the mother did not have this drug, and, secondly, if the mother feeds a child who is not yet 6 months old, then the risk of development in the baby is high, since the optimal ratio of bacteria that inhabit the intestines is still unstable, and the antibiotic can disrupt it.

During breastfeeding, it is necessary to exclude fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, etc. - they cause a violation of the formation of the skeleton), and tetracyclines (negatively affect the liver, changes in the intestinal microflora). Forbidden to nursing mothers and drugs of the nitroimidazole group (Tinidazole, Metronidazole): they penetrate into breast milk in high concentrations and cause vomiting, diarrhea, the child may refuse to eat. Sulfanilamide drugs cause or - with the immaturity of some of the child's enzyme systems - hemolytic anemia (a decrease in hemoglobin due to the breakdown of red blood cells). Antifungal drugs (Fluconazole, Nystatin, etc.) and antiviral drugs (Acyclovir, etc.) are not well studied in terms of their effect on the baby's body, and their use in most cases also requires stopping breastfeeding.

But the use of penicillins and cephalosporins under the supervision of a doctor is not prohibited. True, the question of breastfeeding for the duration of treatment still remains open - much depends on the dosage, the state of the organism of the mother and / or the child.

Antipyretic and analgesic drugs

These drugs are in second place after antibacterial drugs in terms of frequency of use in various diseases. They are used both for ordinary or headache, and as components of the complex treatment of many diseases. The most famous analgesic, or, - Analgin - is contraindicated during breastfeeding due to negative influence on the hematopoietic system and kidneys; when it was taken by the mother in children after feeding, extremely pronounced allergic reactions took place. (Analgin is part of such drugs as Sedalgin, Pentalgin, Tempalgin). But another well-known drug - Paracetamol (Panadol, Efferalgan, Kalpol) - can be used: in addition to anesthetic, it has an antipyretic effect.

Help fight pain, fever and inflammation so-called NSAIDs - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The following are compatible with breastfeeding: Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Ketoprofen. However, use them during breastfeeding should be used with caution, if possible limited to a single dose, since the effect of these drugs on lactation and the health of the child has not been fully studied. This applies to all drugs, even Paracetamol, which is “tested” and allowed for pregnant women.

Antidepressants, tranquilizers, sleeping pills

The need to take these drugs may be due to postpartum depression. Almost all of them pass into breast milk and affect the behavior of children. Keep in mind that weaning your baby early can increase depression, as the hormones produced during lactation, which have a calming effect on the mother, will disappear. Phenobarbital, codeine phosphate and caffeine pass into breast milk. Phenobarbital can cause depression of the central nervous system in a newborn. Caffeine will "add" excitement and poor sleep; it can cause depression of the central nervous system in a child, and also disrupts the flow of milk into the ducts of the mammary gland. Thus, any preparations containing these components in their composition should not be used alone during breastfeeding.

Ointments

Particular care must be taken when using all ointments, especially those containing hormonal preparations adrenal cortex. There are a lot of such ointments: Hydrocortisone, Corticomycetin (it also contains chloramphenicol), Prednisolone, Dermozolon, Laticort, Fluorocort, Kenalog, Silanar, Locacorten, Loriden, Celestoderm, Deperzolon. Whether these ointments can be used by a nursing mother depends on how large the lubricated surface is, how often it needs to be lubricated and what kind of preparation. Therefore, if there is a need to use such ointments, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Allergy Remedies

These over-the-counter drugs (Suprastin, Clarotadine, etc.) are relatively safe during breastfeeding, but they should also be taken only after consulting a doctor. In this case, short-term drugs are preferred.

Preparations for personal hygiene

Such medicines, although not taken orally, can enter the baby's body when feeding. These are means for treating the nipples and areas around them after feeding, for the prevention of cracks and inflammation. Most often, widespread drugs are prescribed - for example, Vinilin (Shostakovsky's balm). It copes quite well with its task - the prevention of cracks, infection and moisturizing. But before each feeding, it must be washed off the breast (or washed with a damp sanitary napkin), because chemical compounds, which are part of it, should not get inside the baby's body.

But the remedy for the prevention (and treatment) of superficial nipple cracks Purelan consists of medical lanolin, without additives and preservatives. This is a hypoallergenic cream, tasteless and odorless. It effectively moisturizes the nipples, and, most conveniently, it does not need to be washed off before feeding. In addition, the cream can be used to moisturize the baby's lips (this may be necessary if the breasts are very sensitive). There are other remedies recommended for preventing cracked nipples, but they must be washed off before feeding.

It is difficult even for an experienced physician to develop a universal scheme for deciding which drugs can be used during breastfeeding: there are many pitfalls in this matter. The starting point should be the conviction that the mother really needs this medicine. There is another important question: will the medicine be absorbed in the baby's body if it is present in the mother's milk, and if so, will it harm the baby? The short answer is that any drug found in milk will be absorbed and likely to have some (sometimes harmful) effects. So feel free to ask your doctor the following questions:

Will the medicine harm your child?
Will the medicine affect milk production?
Are there medications that are more suitable for the breastfeeding period and have the same effectiveness?
Is it possible to take the medicine in such a way that the minimum amount of it gets into the milk?
Is it possible to postpone the treatment (for example, if you need a diagnostic procedure - an examination using radioactive material, etc.)?
Should I change the feeding regimen while taking the drug?

Nursing mothers can use the following medications:

some drugs for the treatment of arterial hypertension ( high blood pressure): calcium antagonists (Corinfar, etc.); beta-blockers (Atenolol, Propranolol); angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: Enalapril (Enap, Renitek), Captopril (Kapoten);
almost all vitamins;
drugs of other groups, for example Insulin, etc. More often these are drugs that the mother cannot do without due to the presence of any chronic disease, but at the same time, such drugs have no effect on the lactation process. In the presence of chronic diseases, a woman needs to discuss the possibility of breastfeeding with a doctor who monitors the course of this disease even during pregnancy.

Attention! You can take any of the listed drugs only after consulting a doctor and under constant monitoring of the child's condition.

Absolutely contraindicated for nursing mothers:

anticoagulants of indirect action (Warfarin, etc.);
Bromocriptine;
Clonidine;
All medicines for the treatment of cancer;
Plaquenil;
preparations of gold;
lithium preparations;
Cimetidine (used to treat gastritis, stomach ulcers).

To conclude, here is an excerpt from the bulletin of the World Health Organization: "If there is an urgent need for a drug harmful to a breastfed child, feeding should be temporarily interrupted while lactation should be maintained." It is much easier to arrange for a temporary weaning of a baby than to permanently deprive him of the benefits that breast milk brings. Within 2-3 weeks the child is fed with a mixture; it is better to use not a bottle with a pacifier, but any other way: feed from a spoon, a small cup, use a penicillin vial or a plastic syringe without a needle. If you bottle-feed your baby, then it is likely that it will be much easier for him to suck on the nipple than the nipple of the mammary gland, and when it is already possible to return to breastfeeding, the baby will refuse to breastfeed. Spoon feeding is fundamentally different from feeding from the mammary gland: after it, the child will again happily suck on his mother's breast. If there is such an opportunity, then during a temporary weaning, it is better for the mother not to take part in caring for the child, so as not to mislead him: he will not be able to understand why the mother, who is nearby, does not apply it to her breast.

If, for one reason or another, you still have to use drugs while breastfeeding, no matter how safe these or other drugs may be, always remember that the safety of the drugs listed above has been established in most cases of their short-term use.

Oleg Romashov,
Pharmacologist of the 1st category, candidate of medical sciences,
City Clinical Hospital No. 13, Moscow
Article provided by the magazine "Pregnancy. From conception to childbirth" No. 05 2007

For several months now you have been a happy mommy and have been successfully feeding your baby with breast milk, but suddenly you feel weak and unwell, your throat is tickling, a runny nose and cough appear - what to do? Should I continue breastfeeding or stop for a while?

It is difficult to answer this question unambiguously. It is necessary to understand the rules of behavior for a particular disease, because in one case, feeding will not harm the baby, and in another it can be dangerous. Therefore, let's take a step-by-step look at all the nuances of this topic.

First of all, you need to clearly understand what should be done in your actions. follow scientific advice WHO, and not the opinion of neighbors, girlfriends and even relatives. On present stage WHO strongly recommends that breastfeeding be continued by all available methods and not all diseases of the mother serve as a reason for refusing lactation.

And what can we hear from the outside - numerous tips on refusing to feed at the slightest cold of the mother, on boiling breast milk so that bacteria are not transmitted, or even on the complete cessation of contact with the baby during the illness.

Of course, it's hard not to get confused with so many divergent tips. But still, one should be based on the professional recommendations of physicians, which are based on scientific justification and confirmed by dozens of practical studies.

Continue feeding or not?

In fact, a categorical refusal to breastfeed is recommended only for certain diseases - severe forms of liver disease, kidney disease, mental disorders, heart failure, and the use of drugs with a high degree of toxicity.

Even chronic diseases of the mother are most often not a contraindication to breastfeeding.

Everyone knows that before the symptoms of colds appear, we can be a carrier of the virus for several days. Therefore, from the moment of infection of the mother, when she still does not feel the disease and calmly breastfeeds the baby, the baby receives painful pathogens with milk. Thus, in most cases, by the time your illness is pronounced, that is, when a runny nose, fever or cough appears, the baby is already actively immunized.

Does it make sense then to stop breastfeeding? No. After all, this way you will deprive the baby of such necessary immune protection, and he is forced to cope with the disease alone. By continuing to breastfeed, you help the baby cope with the virus, and he may not get sick at all.

Would boiling milk help? Alas - no, boiling milk, you destroy everything protective properties this precious product and deprive the crumbs of immune support.

A sharp transition to artificial feeding is also highly undesirable. The only true way out is to continue breastfeeding, then even if you get sick, your baby will easily endure this disease and recover in a matter of days.

Various diseases and rules of conduct

But all of the above does not mean at all that with a cold (not to mention more serious illnesses), you should self-medicate and breastfeed fearlessly. For any ailments, be sure to consult a doctor who can prescribe the drugs you need and do not harm the baby.

Let's discuss in detail your actions for the most common diseases:

viral
bacterial

For viral diseases treat symptoms. This treatment allows continued breastfeeding, provided that the drugs used have been prescribed and approved by a physician. Elevated temperature is also not dangerous, it only reports the body's fight against the virus. Accept temperature-lowering preparations should be at a level of 38°C and above. Paracetamol is optimal for lactating mothers, and doctors also recommend the modern drug ibuprofen, which relieves pain symptoms and temperature. Aspirin is not recommended for lactation, and strong anti-cold drugs (Fervex, Cold Flu, Coldrex, etc.).

It is better to take the drugs immediately after feeding, so the level of medication in the blood will decrease until the next feeding.

Don't worry about the quality of your milk when you're sick, it stays fit and doesn't go sour. Also, do not avoid contact with the baby, feel free to continue to take care of him, because if the causative agent of the disease enters the baby through milk, then your isolation won't do you any good, but only disturb the baby.

Bacteriological diseases. They are initiated by pathogenic microorganisms, treated with antibacterial drugs. Such diseases include pneumonia, tonsillitis, mastitis, etc.

But even with such forms of the disease, refusal to breastfeed is optional. Modern pharmacology produces antibiotics that are fully compatible with lactation. These are drugs of the penicillin series, and most medicines from cephalosporins and macrolides. Definitely the use of antibiotics is prohibited, such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, fluoroquinolones and other drugs that affect bone growth and hematopoiesis. In any case, now there are a lot of options from which your doctor, if possible, will select drugs that allow you to continue breastfeeding. When taking any antibiotics and other drugs, be sure to take care of maintaining a healthy microflora in both the baby and the mother.

Be sure to ask your doctor about the combination of lactation and the drugs prescribed to you. You can also independently verify the safety of the medications you take by reading the information in medical reference books or leaflet-annotation to the drug.

In urgent cases, tell your doctor immediately that you are breastfeeding. With "light" operations, the resumption of lactation is possible soon after the mother's release from anesthesia. With local anesthesia (for example, when treating a tooth), you can continue to breastfeed.

Regarding common herbal treatments: not all herbs are safe for the baby, so be sure to consult your doctor before using any decoctions and tinctures.

If feeding is prohibited during treatment

There are also such cases that natural feeding should be abandoned for the duration of treatment. But this does not mean that you refuse to feed forever and irrevocably transfer the crumbs to artificial mixtures. After finishing treatment, you can continue feeding.

How to maintain lactation during treatment:

Every 3-4 hours pump both breasts alternately, even if the milk gradually decreases.
With complex diseases, milk may decrease, but practice shows numerous cases of complete restoration of lactation after recovery and resumption of feeding.
Do not bottle feed your baby, it is better to use a spoon so that the baby does not subsequently refuse the breast.
If the form of the disease allows, provide the maximum possible tactile contact with the baby, carry it on the handles, cuddle it to you, talk.
Stay optimistic, believe in the successful continuation of breastfeeding! Remember that in most cases, everything is in your hands and the successful long-term breastfeeding of hundreds of thousands of women proves it!

When you plan, conceive and give birth to a child, everything in your world takes on new amazing colors. No wonder it is believed that life is divided into before and after, when you have a baby. Newborn babies are very touching and defenseless creatures who are completely dependent on maternal care, love and a supportive environment.

Lactation

The female body has many secret doors that are discovered after some changes and transformations. The milk that is produced in a woman's breasts after childbirth is dependent on hormones. Breast tissue under the influence of progesterone and estrogen grows, appears - the first stage is the formation of milk in the breast of a woman. Within 3 days after the formation of colostrum, full-fledged breast milk appears.

The hormone prolactin acts on lactocytes, which in turn produce breast milk. After your baby is first attached to the breast, a new batch of milk is produced under the influence of increased levels.

Thanks to the inhibitor, milk accumulates in the mammary glands and pains appear that indicate that the breast is full. The stronger the inhibitor factor is, the slower milk is produced. Sucking the baby provokes the production of a new batch of breast milk.

The process of feeding is individual. What you can eat also largely depends on the age of the child and his reaction to foods. Some children from infancy are immune to allergenic food, spicy and colored dishes that mother consumes. But in any case, it is better to stick to the standard diet for a nursing woman.

Food while breastfeeding

Most likely, the question of what mom can eat needs to be redirected in a different direction. It is generally accepted that a nursing woman should limit her diet in many ways to maintain the health of her baby. But, as a rule, the most insidious time in feeding for a new mother is infancy. It is during this period that you should especially think about what you can eat while breastfeeding and what not.

Mothers often think only of the child, forgetting that they have stressed their bodies. After all, pregnancy and childbirth are always shock therapy for anyone. female body. Therefore, do not forget about yourself. After childbirth, the body needs a lot of vitamins and minerals to recover. Therefore, the nutrition of a young mother should be not only hypoallergenic for the child, but also useful for herself. Answer the question of whether you can eat on your own. But there is a little hint - if there are no additives in it, then there will be no harmful effects. Choose cream or creme brulee.

After childbirth, the baby is no longer so closely connected with the mother's body, but still continues to use its derivative products. He feeds on breast milk. In addition to hormones that help produce milk, the body takes useful material from the woman's blood. All useful and necessary for the restoration and feeding of matter enter the blood through the intestines. From this it should be concluded that the mother's menu and the quality of milk for the child are interrelated. It is worth knowing what you can eat while breastfeeding a newborn.

This diet is approximate. Depending on taste preferences, living conditions, time of year and financial possibilities, you can independently create your own personal food menu. Learn what you can eat while breastfeeding and pay attention to your diet.

8:00 - Cottage cheese casserole.
11:00 - Boiled eggs and greens.
14:00 - Noodles with chicken.
17:00 - Oatmeal on milk.
20:00 - for a couple.

This is an approximate answer to the question of what you can eat with HB. By following the recommendations, you will not only protect your baby from allergic reactions, but also be able to eat right. Which in the future will favorably affect your figure.

As for drinking, it is better not to limit its quantity. Drink more tea, eat nuts so that the milk is more fat. If you diversify your menu with vitamins, then ensure the growth and proper development of the baby.

Products to be consumed

What foods can you eat while breastfeeding, you will learn from the text below. It's no secret that vegetables and fruits from your own dacha are a hundred times more useful than their counterparts on the market. Eating natural products is not only tasty and healthy, but also beneficial. For example, women are wondering if it is possible to eat cherries while breastfeeding. Learn more.

List of hypoallergenic products

Chicken meat, turkey meat.
Boiled beef.
Soups from cereals and vegetables.
Oils - sunflower and olive.
Rice, oatmeal, buckwheat.
Natural yoghurts without additives.
Curd without additives.
Milk.
Kefir.
Yogurt.
Brynza, suluguni.
Green pea.
Potato.
Cucumbers.
Greenery.
Cabbage.
Dried fruits compote.
Unleavened lavash, wheat bread.

What fruits can you eat while breastfeeding:

baked green apples;
pears;
sweet cherry;
currant;
peaches and nectarines;
pomegranate;
watermelons;
bananas;
plum;
persimmon;
figs.

All of these fruits should be consumed in the season when they are ripe. If you are not in the ripening season for a particular fruit, then it is better not to experiment. Now you know what fruits you can eat for mom while breastfeeding. It is believed that fruits should be eaten depending on the region in which the nursing woman lives.

What is impossible and what is possible depends largely on the specific characteristics of the organism. For example, some mothers do not consume red berries because they can provoke an allergic reaction, but doctors recommend them anyway, because the berries contain a large amount of vitamins, and if you eat them in adequate proportions, then you will not harm yourself or your child. .

Fruits to avoid while breastfeeding

Grape. It can cause bloating in a child.
Citrus. Everyone knows about their allergic properties, so it's best not to experiment with them.
Exotic fruits. For example, feijoa, pineapple, kiwi, papaya. Excessive consumption of them can adversely affect health and appearance child. But if you use them within reasonable limits, there are no consequences, then you can continue.
Berries. This item is more of a warning. If you use berries in the right proportions, then the consequences can be avoided.

Depending on the desires and characteristics of the body, choose vegetables, fruits and other foods. Don't be too hard on yourself when it comes to taking vitamins. Much worse if you don't rule out bad habits and loose lifestyle. So you will definitely harm the child.

The diet of proper nutrition for a nursing mother for a week

Today, women are in a hurry after giving birth to be slim and fit. Many people manage to achieve this result even on breastfeeding. If you eat wisely and wholesome food, you can come to an ideal figure and continue to feed the baby.

Monday dishes

Kashi, any. You can oatmeal, buckwheat, seven cereals.
Vegetable soup.
Rice with a steam cutlet.

Tuesday Dishes

Banana, sandwich.
Vegetable soup.
Mashed potatoes, cutlet.

Wednesday dishes

Pasta with greens.
Vegetable soup.
Steamed beef ragout and vegetables.

Thursday Dishes

Fruit salad.
Vegetable soup.
and beef stew.

Friday dishes

Cottage cheese casserole.
Vegetable soup.
Goulash with vegetables.

Saturday dishes

Sandwich.
Soup and meat dish.
Porridge.

Sunday dishes

Cottage cheese casserole.
Vegetable soup.
Unsweetened porridge with a steamed cutlet.

Prohibited Products

What you can eat while breastfeeding, you have already figured out. But what about prohibited foods and actions for the mother. Many women are mistaken when they think that if they do not eat red vegetables and fruits, but drink alcoholic products, they will be able to avoid food allergies in a child who suckles.

The mother is responsible for the life and health of the baby. Every woman wants her child to be happy and not sick. But in order to achieve such results, you need to pull yourself together and follow not only the daily menu, but also eliminate bad habits.

If you do not get rid of bad habits and patterns of drinking while breastfeeding, then there is a chance that your baby will have various diseases. You must understand that the health of the baby who consumes breast milk depends only on the behavior of the mother and her diet.

drinking alcohol;
smoke;
use narcotic substances and drugs;
take strong drugs, antibiotics.

Health

If something hurts you, it is better to see a doctor. Medicines must not be abused. Depending on the source and nature of the pain syndrome, try to get by with traditional medicine and natural preparations.

Medicine does not stand still, many drugs can be used during pregnancy and lactation. Their action will not affect either the fetus or the child who consumes breast milk.

Homeopathy can help you with many ailments and pains. Homeopathic remedies are usually harmless and cost a penny.

Another great way to get rid of ailments is to ethnoscience. Not without reason, our grandmothers were treated with herbs and decoctions. Learn what can be cured with herbs, find out how they work and when to use them. Such knowledge is always useful.

But do not neglect visiting a specialist. Be vigilant, your health is in your hands, and even more so the health of the baby, who is completely dependent on the mother.

There are many products on store shelves that can carry a hidden danger. To avoid misunderstandings, you should study the ingredients of products before purchasing them. Concerning confectionery, then they contain some allergens that can adversely affect people's health. It is believed that the strongest allergic pathogens are chemical elements added to cakes, pastries and other sweets.

Is it possible to eat canned food, sausages, meat preservatives while breastfeeding?

Undesirably, they contain numerous substances that can influence the development of allergies. Dishes that a nursing mother consumes should be fresh and made only from quality products. It is better not to eat canned food, fast food and other junk food. Sometimes even after heat treatment of products, they can cause an allergic reaction.

Consists of simple products. From them you can quickly cook any dish. Pay close attention to the food you eat, see what foods you are allergic to.

Completion of lactation

Many women do not know what to eat while breastfeeding and how to end breastfeeding properly. Numerous publications give different advice. Each mother chooses for herself until what age to breastfeed her child, in what way to complete this process.

Feeding is a psychological program to which both mother and baby are attached. It is believed that the older the child, the more difficult the process of weaning will be.

To whom, if not you, to know the peculiarities of the behavior of your baby. Only the mother can determine when to stop breastfeeding. In general, it is considered correct to breastfeed a child until the moment when he begins to eat regular food. This age occurs at about 1.5-2 years. Depending on the individual characteristics of the baby, a woman is able to determine whether her child is ready for weaning.

Some women leave the child for a while with their parents, so that the process is less painful, they bandage their breasts or drink special pills. But most the best way weaning will be a gradual reduction in doses and quantities of feeding. If you plan to complete lactation, then initially you need to set yourself up emotionally. The right attitude is the key to a successful business.

The child sensitively feels all the emotions of the mother, including confidence in her actions. Therefore, you must be convinced that it is time to end breastfeeding. So the first brick will be laid.

Eliminating daytime feedings is easy if you wear clothing that covers your breasts and feed your baby regular meals on time. If the baby requires a breast, then distract him. You already know what he likes. As soon as he asks to suck on the breast, offer your favorite game. It will take you a week, no more, to reduce your daily feedings to zero.

Consider weaning on the example of 3 days, with the number of feedings during the night - 3 pcs.

1 day. Cut your nighttime feeds by one. Stop feeding before bed and during sleep.
Day 2 Cut back on the second nightly feed.
Day 3 Lay the baby down without breastfeeding. It may seem that this is impossible. But if you are determined, then everything will work out.

Do not neglect pumping. It will help relieve pain in the chest in the early days. In the future, milk will become less and soon it will completely disappear.

One of the most important items after the birth period is the nutrition of the mother.You need to set yourself up and be prepared for the need for a strict diet. As the child adapts toexternalthe world at first, only with the help of maternal care and breast milk. Everyone knows that breast milk is all kinds of vitamins and necessary useful trace elements that are so necessary for a child in the first period of life, and the quality and quantity of this milk depends directly on the diet during breastfeeding. There are many tips and opinions on the topic. proper nutrition.

Note that it is not necessary, as they say, to eat for two. Calorie intake should be about five hundred calories higher than during pregnancy. The mother's body accumulates and deposits useful substances, which the baby then receives through milk. It is enough to enter into your mode light dinner, which will be balanced with vitamins from fruits and vegetables. The main thing here is not the quantity, but the quality of what you consume during breastfeeding. As a rule, the child adapts in the first months and may react differently to milk, there is a possibility of gas, colic. This should not be frightened, as already mentioned earlier, the child is just beginning to understand his body and get used to nutrition.

Tip, try to keep a diary and write down what you ate the day before and the reaction of the baby to the past feeding.

The nature of a woman is so arranged that if a nursing mother does not eat enough meaningfully, then the child will still receive what is necessary for growth, but only from her mother's body, which of course can adversely affect the general health of a woman. Because of this, a nursing mother is more likely to experience health complications, which in the future will provoke a complete cessation of lactation. And therefore, it is very important to feed the most nursing woman, like any person to maintain health, you need to eat balanced and regularly.

So, now let's take a closer look at what can and cannot be eaten onperiodbreastfeeding. The nutrition of a young mother has little effect on the level of protein in milk, but fats, nutrients and balanced vitamins directly depend on the diet of a nursing mother. Different products can contribute to the formation of colic, bloating in a child, others even cause allergies, and sometimes provoke diarrhea. General rule will:

Of course, under the ban alcohol and tobacco. Toxins instantly enter the baby's body through milk and have a negative effect;
Minimize the consumption of drinks that affect nervous system mother and baby - coffee, tea;
It is necessary to reduce the consumption of fried, arranged, smoked foods;
Legumes can provoke colic and bloating in a child.
Confectionery, buns, cakes, etc., are also prohibited to avoid constipation in the baby;
To provide a provocation for the onset of allergies in a child, I can also citrus fruits, red berries and vegetables. For example, strawberries, tomatoes, watermelon. Beta-carotene contained in them causes skin flaking.
Sweet carbonated drinks. In addition to dyes, they contain a large amount of sugar.
Seafood (squid, shrimp, mussels) themselves are also allergic foods, no need to take risks.

It is worth focusing on foods rich in fiber, as a rule, these are fresh vegetables.

Of course, you should eat all kinds of food groups, namely eggs, milk, cereals, bread, fish and meat, pasta is no exception, creamy and vegetable oil, vegetables and fruits, juices are allowed.

Consider some of the limitations that we wrote earlier, everything is good in moderation. Let's take a closer look at the groups:

The source of protein, of course, is beef, chicken, fish. Milk-containing products provide the body with calcium. For example, kefir, yogurt without additives, cottage cheese with a fat content of up to nine percent, no more. Enough two hundred grams / milliliter of product per day. From oil it is better to give preference to olive, corn and a little creamy is allowed. Wholemeal bread with bran.
A group of fruit and vegetable products is especially needed during this period. It is recommended to start with apples, start consuming them in baked. Gradually introduce other fruits with a minimum acid content into the diet.
Vegetables in the first period, eat only green flowers. Colored at first eat boiled. In soups, stews, in small doses. Of course, sweets are not desirable, but if you really want, a little marshmallow, natural marmalade, jams, dried fruits are allowed. It is better to refrain from honey. Also, shortbread cookies, biscuits are allowed. From drinks, green and herbal tea, fruit drinks, compotes, non-carbonated mineral water.
Fluid intake is not a small aspect of this period. It is necessary to drink in addition to the standard volume of water, at least500 gramsliquids, in the form of tea, milk, various decoctions. But this should be done gradually, not earlier than on the fourth day after birth, otherwise it can lead to an excess of milk. You need to eat fractionally, at least five meals a day.

We remind you once again that everything is possible in moderation. For a more accurate selection of the menu, you can contact a specialist who will make you a diet based on your individual characteristics.

Experts recommend using specializedplants thatcontained in tea, for example, with anise, nettle, lemon balm(Oget acquainted with the content of tea on the package) .

Important! so that drinks are free of artificial additives and labeled BIO. It is enough to drink a cup of tea fifteen minutes before the start of feeding the baby.

Also, increases lactation soups, not fatty broths. Of the vegetables, carrots, radish, pumpkin are especially recommended. Also, greens will come to your aid in increasing lactation - cumin, anise, dill, but you should refrain from eating onions and garlic.(milk acquires a specific taste and the baby may refuse it).Eat liver once a week, it contains a lot of iron, which can reduce the risk of anemia. But remember that sometimes, due to the anatomical features of a woman, it is not possible to increase lactation.(most often due to genetic predisposition).

The mother’s diet will not differ much if everything is in order with her health and there are no allergies in the family. But, unfortunately, from an allergic reaction, a genetic predisposition does not give a guarantee, recently this has been caused by poor quality food and in a not very clean environment.

Cause allergies during breastfeeding can:

chocolate;
legumes;
exotic fruits, vegetables, all citrus fruits;
soy, and any non-natural proteins found in beef, fish, poultry;
of course dyes, preservatives, formaldehydes, additives.

With a predisposition to an allergic reaction of the mother or child, these products should be excluded in the first period. The allergy reaction is manifested in the redness of the cheeks, peeling of the skin on the knees and elbows, bloating. But what an interesting thing, the introduction of allergens in small doses through breast milk, help to improve the body's resistance to the baby. And it can prevent your child from developing allergies in the future.

Pay attention to clothing, wear loose clothingnaturalfabrics, pay special attention tobrait should not only support the chest, but also be made of fabrics that are pleasant to the touch.

Strongly squeezing clothes, may reduce the amount of milk. Walk more on fresh air. But, and how to eat right for mom, of course, it's up to her to decide. All general recommendations fit strictly individually. Look at your feelings and observe the baby and his behavior.

Breast milk is a unique food product for a newborn, not only natural, but also very useful. It contains everything necessary for the proper development of the child's body. nutrients, trace elements and vitamins.

Colostrum precedes the formation of breast milk. It has no equal in composition and quality of nutrients. It perfectly saturates the baby during the first 2-3 days and is easily digested. And by 4-5 days after birth, real breast milk appears.

With the birth of a child, a young mother has a mass different issues and feeding problems. Especially a lot of them at the birth of the first child. Answers to the most FAQ can be found in this article.

Long gone are the days when newborns were in separate wards of the maternity hospital from their mother. To date, it has been proven (and carried out) that the contact of the newborn with the mother and the first attachment to the breast are necessary immediately after birth. The sooner the baby is attached to the breast, the faster breastfeeding will be established, the easier the child will adapt after birth.

How often to feed the baby

One of the important issues for a young mother is the number of feedings during the day, and many doubt whether it is possible to feed a child at night. There are 3 options to solve this problem:

Feeding by the hour, or according to the schedule, is the old way, when the crumbs were applied to the breast strictly after 3 hours. This is convenient for the mother, and not for the child, because the mother could do household chores between feedings.

Feeding on demand, that is, attachment to the mother's breast at the first cry of the baby at any time of the day. This is exactly what pediatricians now recommend to feed children. In addition, the baby can suck on the breast as much as he wants. As a result of frequent applications, lactation is stimulated without the use of any additional means.

The child quickly gets used to sleeping at the mother's breast. At night, there is no need to wake up the baby for feeding: if he wants, he will suckle himself, the nipple is in his mouth. But the mother, as it were, is constantly attached to the child, at any time she should be able to feed the child.

In addition, a child may cry for another reason: abdominal cramps, a wet diaper, or another reason. And the mother, not understanding this, will try to feed him.

Free feeding is an intermediate way between the first two. With this method, the mother feeds the child “according to appetite” both day and night, but not more often than after 2 hours. According to physiology, the need for food in a child should not arise before. Keep the baby at the breast while you only need 15-20 minutes. - this time is enough for saturation. Sucking longer only contributes to the satisfaction of the sucking reflex. Night feedings should definitely be kept, as they are important for supporting lactation.

On which feeding option to stop, it is up to the mother to decide together with the pediatrician. The best interests of the child must be put at the forefront.

Quantity and quality of milk

Literally from the first days after discharge with a newborn from the maternity ward, every mother begins to worry about the quality, and often the quantity of milk: is the baby enough, and is there enough fat in the milk? Maybe a better mix? Moreover, advertising obsessively claims that milk formulas are not inferior to breast milk.

However, there is no substitute for mother's milk. It is important that the baby is breastfed for at least 6 months.

The benefits of breast milk for a baby are undeniable:

it is the best fit for the baby in composition;
mother's milk will not cause and, if only the mother adheres to the recommendations of the doctor on nutrition;
in addition to nutrients, the mother provides protection to the baby from many diseases with her antibodies contained in milk;
no heating or special storage conditions are required, which is especially convenient when feeding at night or outside the home.

That is why you should not rush to supplement the baby with mixtures, you need to fight to maintain lactation. Frequent attachment to the breast is better than any stimulant for the flow of milk. Even if the breast seems "empty", the baby sucks milk, called hind milk, which is considered more valuable than the front. That is why during feeding it is not recommended to change breasts often. With a lack of hindmilk, the baby will lag behind in weight and intestinal problems may occur.

For lactation, the psycho-emotional state of the nursing mother, the absence of stress and sufficient time for rest and night sleep are important. Well, the quality of milk directly depends on the nature of the mother's diet.

What is the best position to feed your baby?

You can breastfeed your baby in a wide variety of positions, but 3 of them are considered the most common.

To choose a position when feeding a newborn, the main condition is convenience, a sense of comfort for both the child and the mother.

Main poses 3:

classical ("cradle"): the mother sits and holds the child in her arms, pressing him to her with a slightly raised head; while the baby lies, as in a cradle, which served as the name of the pose;
from the armpit: the mother holds the child on her side, under her arm, pressing her head to her chest. This position is more often used at the birth of twins and the simultaneous feeding of both babies;
lying on its side: mother lies on her side; nearby, at the chest, lies a child; the most comfortable position for feeding at night, after a caesarean section.

Postures can be changed, which will enable the baby to suck out milk from different lobes of the mammary gland to prevent its stagnation. It is important that in any position the baby's body is in the same plane and is not curved.

Correct chest grip

It is very important to teach the baby to grasp the nipple correctly: the nipple and most of the areola should be in the wide-open mouth, and the lower lip of the crumbs should be turned outwards. The nose and chin rest against the chest when feeding. At the same time, the child will not swallow air and suffer from colic, and due to regurgitation, he will also not gain weight.

It is not difficult to determine the correctness of the grip: there will be no smacking while sucking the breast, and feeding will not cause pain for the mother. If the nipple is taken incorrectly, you need to carefully insert your little finger into the baby's mouth, pull out the nipple, and then insert it correctly, pointing to the sky.

Do I need to express milk

Mandatory pumping after each feed, as well as feeding by the clock, is now called a relic of the Soviet era. Now pediatricians do not recommend mothers to express. Milk in the mammary gland will be produced in the amount in which the child sucks it out.

But sometimes pumping is necessary:

With fullness and a feeling of fullness in the mammary gland. Pumping and breast massage will help to avoid.
At the birth of a premature baby who is not able to suck out milk completely. But in this case, you need to express the breast before feeding the crumbs, so that he sucks out the more useful back milk. Pumping will help conserve lactation until the baby completely sucks the milk out of the breast.
By pumping, you can save lactation during the period of illness of the mother and separation from the baby or taking antibiotics.
In the absence of the mother for some time (going to work or for another reason).

Safe nutrition for breastfeeding mothers

Regular questions about. The nature of the mother's diet affects the quality and taste of milk. All the nutrients in milk come from the foods consumed by the mother.

If the mother does not receive any substances, then the child receives them from the reserve reserves of the mother's body, which necessarily affects her health (hair falls out, teeth, etc.). That is why the mother's diet should be given special attention.

Food should be taken in moderate portions 5-6 times a day, overeating will not improve the quality of milk. But strict diets during lactation cannot be used - the diet should be varied and satisfy all the needs of the child's and maternal organisms.

During the first month, it is advisable to follow a hypoallergenic diet: exclude citrus fruits, fruits and vegetables bright color, flour products and sweets, cow's milk, honey, chocolate, cocoa, etc.

Mom in the first month is allowed to use:

soups and hateful broths;
meat (stewed or boiled) - beef, rabbit meat, turkey;
porridge (on water) - rice and buckwheat;
fat-free cottage cheese and sour cream;
hard cheese;
fermented milk products, excluding kefir;
vegetable puree from zucchini, broccoli, cauliflower, potatoes;
bananas and green apples after heat treatment.

It is necessary to exclude spicy, fatty and fried foods, spices, pickles, sauces, seafood and canned food.

Care should be taken to select products in the first 3 months. after childbirth, adding them to the menu one by one at intervals of 3-5 days and watching the reaction of the child. If the baby does not have problems with the intestines and allergic phenomena, you can leave the product in the diet. Fresh fruits (except strawberries, exotic and citrus fruits) and vegetables are introduced gradually and brought up to 500 g per day.

From fats, it is preferable to use olive, sunflower, corn oils, but within reasonable limits, since fatty milk is more difficult for a baby to digest. Fish, eggs, nuts are gradually introduced.

Mustard, horseradish, and other spices can taste like milk, while onions and garlic can give off an unpleasant odor and cause your baby to stop breastfeeding. Of course, any alcoholic beverages should be banned.

Legumes, plums, cabbage will lead to increased gas formation and colic, and sometimes to diarrhea in the baby. Overeating the mother will cause indigestion in the baby - colic, flatulence, constipation or diarrhea.

It is mandatory for a nursing mother to drink liquid in the amount of 2-3 liters per day. It can be tea with milk, freshly squeezed juices, dried fruit compote, milk (fat content not more than 2.5%), still water. Cocoa and coffee can be drunk no earlier than 2 months after childbirth. Whole cow's milk quite often causes allergies in babies, so pediatricians advise mothers to use it with caution, not earlier than 4-6 months, in small quantities.

Quality and quantity of breast milk

Sometimes it seems to the mother that she does not produce enough milk, and the baby is malnourished. To understand this will help weight gain and the amount of urination. A baby should normally urinate more than 8 times a day. Body weight grows weekly by about 120 g (about 500 g per month). By six months of age, birth weight should double. If these 2 indicators are normal, then the baby has enough milk.

Some women produce a lot of milk, which causes it to flow spontaneously, heaviness in the glands, stagnation in the chest. In such cases, you can express some milk before feeding and reduce the amount of fluid you drink per day.

Anxiety is also often unfounded. The percentage of fat content is easy to check at home. To do this, express milk into a sterile test tube after 20 minutes. after feeding and let it stand for 6 hours at room temperature. The milk will be divided into 2 layers, the upper one will show the fat content: its height (measured with a ruler) in mm will show the percentage of fat content (1 mm = 1%). Normally, it should be 3.5-5%.

The composition of milk in the process of growth of the child changes and fully meets the needs of the growing organism. If the child is calm, weight gain is normal, then there is no need to worry. Very fatty milk can cause severe colic and development (violation of the ratio of beneficial bacteria in the intestines) in infants.

Insufficient lactation

If, nevertheless, there is not enough milk, then there is no need to rush with supplementary feeding, but take measures to increase lactation:

less often give a pacifier to the baby, and more often apply to the breast - sucking stimulates the formation of milk;
it is also more actively produced upon skin-to-skin contact, that is, if you expose your chest for feeding;
be sure to use a light massage of the mammary glands;
normalize your diet;
increase the amount of liquid you drink (water, juices, compote) with the obligatory inclusion of hot tea with milk, broths and soups in the diet;
provide a nursing mother with adequate rest, daily walks outdoors;
Eliminate anxiety and stress that reduce lactation.

On the advice of a pediatrician, you can drink herbal teas. Medications and bioadditives can be taken only as directed by a doctor (some may cause allergies in a child):

Lactogon - food supplement containing royal jelly, carrot juice, herbal extracts, vitamin C.
Apilak is a tablet preparation, contains vitamins and royal jelly (may cause sleep disturbance).
Mlecoin is a herbal remedy in the form of granules.
Hipp - herbal tea, contains fennel, anise, nettle and cumin.
Grandmother's basket - tea with lactogenic, tonic and firming effect.

The reaction of the body of a woman and a child to these drugs is purely individual.

It is important to support breastfeeding for at least 6 months. It is possible to supplement the baby with milk mixtures only in agreement with the pediatrician, when the child is behind in weight due to a lack of milk. At the same time, it is desirable to keep breastfeeding and supplement the amount of mixture calculated by the pediatrician from a spoon, and not from a bottle with a nipple.

Why is the baby crying

Usually a newborn cries when he wants to eat or expresses dissatisfaction with a wet diaper. Crying at night is also usually associated with night feedings. From the second half of the year, there is no longer a physiological need for them, but dependence has developed, the habit of sucking the breast at night every 3 hours. It will be possible to refuse night feedings gradually, changing the time and order of falling asleep after 30-40 minutes. after evening feeding.

Sometimes whimpering at night is just a test to see if mom is around. If the child is simply stroked on the head, then the baby calms down and falls asleep again. There is no need to accustom the baby to motion sickness in her arms, to rush to take the child in her arms at night - the children quickly get used to this, and then they will only cry for sleep in their arms.

Crying and anxiety may also indicate that the child is not feeling well (with colic, teething, at the beginning of the disease). By observing the behavior of the baby, the mother will soon learn to determine the cause of crying.

Colic

Colic disturbs almost all babies up to 3 months, and sometimes longer. To alleviate the condition of the crumbs, to improve the discharge of gases, a light massage of the tummy will help.

From the first weeks of life, colic bothers almost every newborn - adaptation to a new diet is underway. They are not a pathology and usually go away after 3-5 months. With colic, the child cries, presses the legs to the tummy, the chair may be disturbed. How to help the baby?

Necessary:

put the baby before feeding on the stomach on a hard surface for 2-3 minutes;
monitor the posture and capture of the nipple during feeding, so that the child swallows less air;
hold the baby after feeding the "column" (that is, in vertical position) until air escapes, regurgitation;
put the child on the back and unbend-bend the legs;
do a light massage of the abdomen in circular motions clockwise;
apply a warm diaper on the tummy;
make a relaxing bath (with the addition of chamomile decoction);
follow a diet for a nursing mother.

As prescribed by the pediatrician, you can apply and pharmaceutical products to deal with colic:

Espumizan baby (drops) and Bifiform baby (oil solution) can be used from the birth of a baby to normalize digestion and prevent dysbacteriosis;
from 2 weeks of age, you can use Plantex to remove gases and reduce colic;
from the 2nd month, Bobotik drops and a suspension of Sab Simplex, Linex, Bebinos are used to reduce bloating and relieve colic.

Spitting up and vomiting

Regurgitation is a normal physiological process, not a disease. It is observed in every baby from birth to 4-6 months. It occurs spontaneously after 15-30 minutes. after feeding and is associated with the swallowing of air during sucking. Milk is excreted unchanged in a volume of not more than 5 ml. At the same time, the well-being of the baby does not suffer.

If regurgitation is plentiful, with a fountain, then this already indicates a violation of digestion and requires an appeal to a pediatrician. With vomiting, the volume and frequency are not limited, food can be released in a fountain already partially digested (curdled milk with a sour smell). This phenomenon signals a serious violation of digestion and requires a visit to a doctor. Suffering general state child: there is anxiety, poor sleep, refusal to eat, etc.

How to care for breasts during lactation

It is enough to wash the chest with neutral soap twice a day and then blot the moisture with a soft cloth. Wash your hands with soap and water before and after feeding.

The bra must be chosen from cotton, without seams on inside cups, pitted. It should not tighten the chest. It is advisable to use special breast pads that absorb excess milk, protect the skin and nipples from irritation, rubbing underwear, and clothes from getting wet (but they will have to be changed regularly).

When taking a shower, it is advisable to lightly massage the chest for 3-4 minutes (using circular movements in a clockwise direction). Such a massage will prevent lactostasis and will stimulate the formation of milk. In this case, you do not need to strongly squeeze the mammary gland or intensively press on the skin. For ease of sliding, hands can be lubricated with olive oil.

When lactation is delayed in a primipara, compresses can also be used: before feeding - warm to stimulate milk production, and after - cool to restore the shape of the breast.

lactostasis

Stagnation of milk in the breast occurs quite often. In this case, a kind of milk plug is formed, which impedes the movement of milk through the ducts. A manifestation of the condition is an increase in the size of the gland, the formation of painful seals in it, redness at the site of stagnation, and fever. The general condition also suffers - headache, weakness worries.

What to do when milk stagnates:

feed the child every hour;
change the position of the child so that the place of stagnation (compaction) is under his chin;
if feeding is very painful, you can first express some milk by hand, gently massage the gland, put a towel moistened on it hot water, or stand under the shower;
after feeding, apply any of the compresses for 15-20 minutes: a cold cabbage leaf, or cold cottage cheese, or honey with flour in the form of a cake to relieve pain.

A fever above 38 0 C may indicate the onset of a purulent-inflammatory process in the chest, so you need to urgently consult a doctor. Medical care is also needed in the case when the condition has not improved in 2 days in order to prevent the development of mastitis.

Cracks in the nipples

main reason cracks in the nipples of the mother - improper attachment of the child to the breast. When properly applied, the baby's mouth covers most of the areola (and not just the nipple), is wide open, the lower sponge is turned outward.

Damage to the nipples causes pain to the mother during feeding, so it is better not to allow the development of cracks.

The reasons for their appearance may be different:

sensitive delicate skin;
flat nipples;
improper attachment of the child;
non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene.

With cracks, you need to continue to feed the child. You can not use the treatment of nipples with brilliant green, iodine or other alcohol solutions, ointments with antibiotics.

For treatment can be used:

ointments with vitamin A: Retinol or Videstim not only heal wounds, relieve pain, but also prevent new damage; rinsing is not required;
Purelan and Sanosan mom do not require to wash off the product before feeding, do not cause allergies (consist of lanolin without impurities);
cream Avent with coconut oil and lanolin perfectly heals wounds, does not require rinsing;
Bepanten is an antibacterial agent used for healing cracks and prevention, it requires mandatory rinsing before feeding.

Resume for breastfeeding moms

The article touches upon questions that appear in almost every young mother. The district pediatrician should become the best adviser and consultant in their decision.

Visually about the correct attachment of the child to the breast:

Webinar by lactation consultant N. Salimova on the topic "Basic rules for successful breastfeeding":

Pediatrician E. O. Komarovsky about infantile colic: