Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse business plan. Cucumber business: profitability and production technology. Business plan for growing cucumbers. Fertilizer and protection

This article will be useful to anyone who wants to build their business growing cucumbers at home or on a rented plot. Description of all important aspects of the future business, the selection of suitable varieties of cucumbers and advice on their proper cultivation in a greenhouse.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse or outdoors is a great option for a family business. It can be both an additional and a permanent source of income. it is possible both during the season and all year round, on your own suburban area (for example, in the country) or on rented land.

The peculiarity of this agribusiness lies in its accessibility. Starting capital is minimal. The growing process is simple. There is a demand for cucumbers all year round. With a good yield, you can reach a net annual profit of more than 2,000,000 rubles.

Business Advantages and Disadvantages

The business of growing cucumbers has a lot of advantages, but also some disadvantages. The first one is:

Growing cucumbers in greenhouse structures allows you to harvest all year round. At the same time, there is always a choice of varieties of cucumbers. That is, you can grow universal, salad or canned varieties.
The price of seedlings is minimal. It can be grown independently, which can significantly reduce costs.
Cucumbers are vegetables that store well and are not damaged during transportation.
Growing cucumbers outdoors is cheaper than using greenhouses.
The market for vegetables is huge, and finding reliable buyers is not difficult.
Grown cucumbers can be sold both through shops, bazaars and independently (by renting a trading place in the vegetable market).

Of the shortcomings, it is worth noting the following:

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse requires a large initial investment. Maintaining greenhouses in winter is costly (heating is too expensive).
Cucumbers require regular watering. To do this, the site must have running water. The organization of irrigation systems may also require a large amount (it all depends on the area of the plantation).
In summer, prices for cucumbers are reduced, and competition grows. In winter, the opposite happens.
In order for a business to be successful and profitable, it is necessary to devote time to learning vegetable growing (for example, reading relevant literature).

From all of the above, you can draw the first conclusions for yourself - if you are in business growing cucumbers or better.

Key business risks

Every business has its pitfalls. And you need to know about them. Otherwise, you can remain at a loss and debt.

So, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the settlement where the grown vegetables will be sold. If it is a small town, then the competition will be very high. Indeed, in small towns, many grow cucumbers on their own plots. Therefore, for trade, you will have to consider another region. And this is the cost of transportation and transportation of vegetables.

It is also worth noting that in small towns the prices for cucumbers are low. This is due, again, with a high. It will be difficult to make a big profit.

In summer, cucumber prices drop significantly. This is due to seasonality. And you need to be ready to reduce the cost of vegetables, as your competitors will do it anyway.

Another business risk is vegetable disease and crop loss. Such troubles appear with improper care of plants. Therefore, you still need to spend time learning vegetable growing.

Otherwise, there are no difficulties in growing cucumbers. If the business is conducted competently and properly care for the plants, then the yield will be good, which will positively affect profitability.

Briefly about the profitability of the business

It is difficult to give any specific figures in order to calculate the profitability of growing cucumbers. After all, everything here will depend on the area of greenhouses and land, as well as on the varieties of vegetables themselves.

We can only say that it is the choice of variety that is the main aspect, with. After all, each type of cucumber has its own cost, which you set yourself.

The profitability of this business is high and can reach 91%. After all, the financial costs for starting are not so great. And the culture itself is well grown in closed ground. You can recoup the initial costs already for the second harvest.

Business expenses

The amounts below are approximate to show you what you will be charged for. The final costs will directly depend on the scale of the plantation and yield. That is, each case is individual.

And so, the purchase of seeds will require approximately $ 50. In the future, they will spend about $ 500 a year on them. It is better to choose hybrid varieties of cucumbers, as they are very fertile and disease resistant.

Fertilizers will cost about $100. The greenhouse complex is the most expensive "pleasure" from $3,000 to $10,000. Up to $3,000 will have to be spent on equipment for heating the greenhouse. Fuel for the heating system - from $300.

A prerequisite for growing cucumbers is the availability of high-quality lighting, the organization of which will cost about $500-$1,000.

Other contingencies may range from an additional $1,000.

We repeat that the amount of investment at the start will directly depend on the size of the plot and the volume of the crop. Therefore, you can start a business with $5,000. Especially if there is already a ready-made land plot, which only needs to be equipped with greenhouses and the necessary communications.

The optimal amount to start would be $20,000 or more. Such investments will justify themselves after several harvests. The business will pay off in 6-12 months.

Future costs will directly depend on a number of factors. For example, you rent a land plot or it is your property. Will you hire staff who need to pay salaries or not. Seedlings will be bought or grown independently. Will other vegetables or herbs be grown.

Business registration: paperwork

Registration of an agribusiness is a fairly simple procedure. Time and money spent here is minimal.

To engage in the cultivation of cucumbers or other vegetables, you must choose one of the forms of activity.

Individual entrepreneur

This form is convenient because you will not have restrictions on the area of the land plot (farm) and you will be able to hire additional workers. It must be understood that hiring people is expedient only on large plantations. On a modest estate, you can handle all the work on your own and save a lot - you don’t have to pay a salary.

Personal subsidiary plot

In this case, you are exempt from a number of taxes. However, you will have to pay personal income tax from the sale of grown vegetables. There are also some restrictions on the area of subsidiary plots - up to a maximum of 2.5 hectares. If you need to attract additional labor (hired workers), then this form will not suit you.

Peasant farming

There are also some tax incentives here. In this case, you will be a full-fledged legal entity, and will be able to conduct business with the involvement of partners.

Taxation

After the type of activity is chosen, it is necessary to decide on the taxation system. In this case, the ESHN is ideal. You will only pay 6% of your net income. No property or income taxes need to be paid.

Do you need a license?

No license is required to grow and sell cucumbers. The only thing that may be required is to obtain some permits from the sanitary control. But this is only necessary if you plan to work with large wholesale buyers. In this case, you will need to send several product samples to the SES laboratory, where they will be checked for the presence of prohibited chemicals. The conditions for growing cucumbers are also subject to verification.

Since vegetables will be grown in heated greenhouses, it is imperative to obtain permission from the fire inspectorate. But this is only necessary if you have chosen the form of an individual entrepreneur or a peasant farm. When registering as a personal subsidiary farm, you do not need to apply to the fire inspectorate for permission.

What variety of cucumbers to grow?

Now the range of varieties and hybrids of cucumbers is huge. You can grow both a certain variety, and several at once. And the last option is to allow you to get more profit.

The main task of the cucumber growing business is to get a good yield. Hybrid varieties of vegetables will help you quickly complete this task. And that's why.

Cucumber bushes are dominated by the "female" inflorescence.
The vast majority of hybrid vegetables do not require pollination.
These varieties are very fertile. The number of cucumbers on one bunch reaches eight on average. Not bad, right?

It should also be understood that all varieties have different taste qualities. Therefore, you should not specialize in one variety. It is better to offer the market several varieties at once - classic, hybrid, salad, etc.

And remember that you can grow cucumbers in a greenhouse all year round. And it is worth considering options for varieties that are intended exclusively for salting. They are also in good demand among the end user.

In recent years, such a variety of vegetables as pickles has become quite popular. Speaking in an understandable language, then pickles are small gherkins (miniature cucumbers). They are delicious both fresh and marinated. At the same time, pickles are very fertile.

What is the best place to grow cucumbers?

Having decided on the varieties of vegetables, you need to choose the ideal place for their cultivation.

You can grow cucumbers right on the backyard of a country house or cottage. You can also rent a plot of land, but this is an extra financial cost. At the same time, there is no guarantee that at one fine moment, at the very peak of productivity, the owner of the site will not demand the return of his legal lands. The harvest will fail and you will suffer losses. It is better, of course, to buy a plot outside the city and become its full owner. But this is only on condition that there is such an opportunity. If not, then just rent.

There is an even more economical option - growing cucumbers at home. Not the best, but still has the right to exist. Yields will be small. But as they say, something is better than nothing at all. A good way to earn extra money.

Soil and growing conditions

Cucumbers are very demanding vegetables. First, they need fertilized and fertile soil. Sand and clay are not the best soil for growing. The ideal option is black soil. Moreover, the black soil must be very fertile, as we are considering the option of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse.

There is another interesting growing option. Sod in the form of cubes is used instead of soil. They must be made a year before sowing. In this case, you will not suffer from your infertile soil on the site.

Some people use ordinary barrels without a bottom to grow vegetables. This allows you to significantly save space in the greenhouse, but at the same time maintain good crop volumes.

How to grow seedlings?

There are two ways to grow cucumbers:

Buy seeds.
Buy seedlings.

However, there is another option - to grow seedlings on their own. Then you will not only be able to save a certain amount, but also sell seedlings, for example, to summer residents. That is, in the end, you will remain in the black.

Seedlings are grown as follows:

Seeds are planted in pots. You can use the "grandmother's way" and use jars of sour cream, yogurt and other dairy products instead of pots. Jars should have a diameter of 8 cm (for soil varieties of cucumbers - 12 cm).
The first days you need to constantly monitor the temperature in the greenhouse - from 25 to 30 degrees. Humidity should be at 75%.
Seedlings are watered daily with warm water (at least 25 degrees).
For two weeks, the plants are fed with special additives and fertilizers. The compositions must be selected for specific varieties of cucumbers. This ensures that the seedlings do not die.
After a month, seedlings can be planted in open ground. You can understand that the seedlings are ready for planting by the presence of leaves (usually 4-6 pieces).

Thus, you can get high-quality seedlings, which will later be used for personal purposes or sold to gardeners.

Market for cucumbers

And the last point that needs to be considered is where to sell and to whom to sell the crop.

At the initial stage, you can independently enter the vegetable market and offer customers your products at competitive prices. At the same time, you should try to adhere to the cost of competitors. And it is better to make it a little lower. Dumping at the initial stage will not be superfluous. Especially in a month you can increase the price.

To get a good profit from the sale of cucumbers, go to the market before the start of the season and after it ends. During these periods, your competitors already or not yet have fresh vegetables. Accordingly, the demand for them increases sharply.

You can sell cucumbers to wholesalers. Then you will not have to stand in the market in the heat, and in the cold, in the rain. Moreover, you will save money on transportation.

An excellent option would be to sell cucumbers to shops, catering, educational institutions, restaurants, etc. In this case, you will always have the opportunity to conclude a long-term contract for the supply of vegetables.

This is what a cucumber growing business looks like. There is nothing complicated and supernatural in it. Everything is pretty simple. And if you are afraid that you do not have the proper experience in vegetable growing, then it will come with time. The blessing of thematic literature now abounds.

The cultivation of cucumbers began about six thousand years ago. This vegetable is native to the tropical and subtropical forests of China and India. Currently, it is grown in all countries of the world, even in the far north. It is not known exactly where the cucumber was brought to Russia from, but it has been grown in our country since at least the 16th century. Cucumber has become so firmly established in our diet that it is already difficult to imagine both everyday and festive tables without this tasty and healthy product. Cucumbers are eaten raw, added to salads, salted, pickled, preserved, there is even a recipe for cucumber jam.

On the territory of the Russian Federation, about 90 thousand hectares are occupied by cucumber. The largest distribution area is the Central, Southern and Volga districts. Depending on the climate, the vegetable is grown in greenhouses or outdoors. 92 percent of the total area occupied by cucumbers is households, 4.5% - agricultural organizations, 3% - peasant and farm greenhouses, 0.5% - small businesses.

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse brings the highest yield. This not only allows you to meet all microclimatic conditions, but also ensures year-round production. The profitability of greenhouse cultivation can be up to 500 percent, with a winter crop bringing about twice as much income as a spring or summer crop.

One of the options for greenhouse cultivation of cucumbers is growing on coconut mats, briquettes, into which a nutrient solution is supplied; they develop the root system of the vegetable. The coconut mats are laid on the polystyrene boards in such a way that excess nutrient solution flows freely. In the film in which the mat is located, holes for plants and drainage holes are made. Irrigation system is automatic. Each plant is equipped with a micro-dropper for moisture supply, thanks to which the mat is saturated with moisture evenly even in the presence of a drainage system. In addition, a fogging system (cooling, humidification), upper foggers, a fertilizer pumping system, water tanks, an irrigation control controller, as well as lighting and a heating system are installed. The cost of installing one greenhouse with an area of 350 sq. meters will be about 900 thousand rubles.

For successful cultivation of cucumbers, it is necessary, first of all, to choose the right seeds. For greenhouse cultivation, you can use several dozen cucumber varieties and a large number of hybrids. F1 hybrids have proven themselves best, as they give a good harvest and do not require pruning. For example, the late-ripening hybrid Hercules F1, which begins to bear fruit 62 days after germination. It needs artificial pollination, as does the mid-season hybrid Annushka F1, which is valued for its disease resistance and stable yield. The Emelya F1 hybrid ripens very quickly, in just 39-43 days. Its bush has an unlimited number of lashes and does not need pollination, and the fruits reach 150g. Also does not require pollination hybrid Dynamite F1.

The cost of one thousand cucumber seeds is on average 1500-1600 rubles.

They practice seedling and seedless cultivation of cucumbers. It is believed that with the seedling method, the development of the plant occurs faster. However, seedling cultivation has opponents who note the painful reaction of cucumber to transplantation due to the fact that the plant has a delicate root system and takes a long time to take root during transplantation. With seedless cultivation, cucumber is sown under the film.

Seeds before planting must be filled with a solution of potassium permanganate (1 g per 100 ml) for disinfection, and then rinsed with water. Salt water rinsing also helps to remove poor quality seeds that float to the surface.

The nutrient mixture for seeds consists of peat, humus, sawdust and soddy soil in a ratio of 1:1:1:1. Seedlings appear in 3-4 days. Seedlings can be planted for 20-25 days. After the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to maintain a daytime temperature of about 17 degrees, a night temperature of about 14, provide additional lighting on cloudy days, water the seedlings with warm water, and feed them. If 2-3 dark green leaves appeared on the bushes, the seedlings are ready for planting.

There are vertical and horizontal ways to grow cucumbers. With the vertical method, the plants are woven along special supports, with the horizontal method - on the ground. In industrial greenhouse cultivation, the vertical method is used, as it facilitates the care of the plant, contributes to the formation of the correct bush. Plant density in vertical cultivation is 20-25 thousand plants per hectare.

Daylight hours for cucumbers should be 10-12 hours. During the growth period, the temperature should not fall below 18 degrees. The temperature of the soil must be the same at different levels, otherwise it will adversely affect the development of the vegetable.

The yield of cucumber when grown indoors is approximately 3-3.5 tons per hectare.

It is also possible to grow cucumber on open ground as a tilled crop. In this case, the yield will be lower, but the financial investment will also be much lower, therefore, if there are not sufficient funds for the equipment of greenhouses, open cultivation can be considered.

The best predecessors of cucumbers are corn, tomato, peas, onions and early potatoes. Growing cucumber after pumpkin, zucchini and squash is highly discouraged. All types of soils with sufficient aeration and drainage are suitable for growing cucumbers, although light, humus-rich soils should be preferred.

In autumn, the soil is harrowed to crush the remains of the predecessors. Cucumber feels comfortable on the layers of perennial grasses, wheat, silage corn, etc. Without fail, when plowing, mineral fertilizers are applied to the soil.

Seeds are prepared for sowing: they are soaked in a salt solution, washed and heat treated, keeping for about six hours at a temperature of 55 degrees, then pickled with apron.

When the soil warms up to 8-12 degrees at a depth of 8 cm, sowing can be carried out. Plants with long growth are sown in an amount of up to 70 thousand pieces per 1 ha, plants with short growth - up to 150 thousand. Using a precision seed drill allows you to optimize seed consumption. If a conventional planter is used, then thinning is performed after the appearance of the first true leaf. Seeding rate with a conventional seeder is 9 kg/ha, with a precision seeder – 6 kg/ha.

A week after sowing, harrowing is carried out using a seed or mesh harrow. Row spacing should be loosened with a cultivator to a depth of 7-8 centimeters each time after irrigation.

Cucumbers should be protected from weeds and diseases. For this, herbicides and fungicides are used. The first treatment with fungicides is carried out during the period when two leaves appear in the cucumber, the subsequent ones - with a two-week interval.

The volume of irrigation is about 300 cubic meters. meters per hectare, watering is done at least five times, since the cucumber needs high soil moisture.

Harvesting is done at two-day intervals. You can use both manual harvesting and platforms POU-2, UPNS-10, PNSSH-12, wide-cut conveyor TNA-40, which allow you to reduce costs.

According to the requirements of GOST, it is necessary to collect vegetables for fresh consumption until short-fruited varieties reach a size of 14 cm, medium and long-fruited - 25 cm; diameter not more than 5.5 cm. Pickles 3-5 cm long, gherkins 5-9 cm long, greens up to 11 cm long are collected for conservation.

The yield of cucumber in open ground is about 15-20 tons per hectare. Fruits are stored at a temperature of 12-15 degrees. Vegetables should reach the consumer within a few days after harvest.

You can sell cucumbers in bulk on agricultural exchanges, the cost depends on the season and variety. The preferred marketing option is contracts with vegetable shops and food production.

Growing cucumber for seeds

When growing cucumber for seeds, isolation of crops is observed for at least 800 meters in open areas. Sowing is carried out at an earlier date than on production crops, and at a higher density.

In addition, regular varietal cleaning is necessary to remove weak plants and plants with deviations. If hybrid varieties are grown, then sowing is done with alternating rows of paternal and maternal forms. To improve the pollination of plants, you can place bee colonies, about 5-6 per hectare.

The fruits of the seed plants are harvested 50-55 days after the start of mass flowering. Cucumber seeds are extracted using a grinder-selector IBK-5. A used car can be purchased for 110-150 thousand rubles. This device highlights the seeds of watermelon, cucumber, zucchini, pumpkin.

Then the seeds are washed, dried first in the open air, and then in dryers. Preliminary cleaning is carried out on VS-2 and No. 5 winnowing machines, final cleaning - on Petkus-Super K-212. Sieve equipment costs about 500 thousand rubles, and Petkus grain cleaning machines can be purchased from the hands for 100 thousand rubles.

The yield of seeds from 1 ha is 8 centners. Seeds retain high sowing and yielding qualities for 5-8 years, subject to storage conditions: air humidity 30-45%, temperature 15-20 degrees.

The cost of a kilogram of seeds at retail is 17,500-18,000 rubles. Having realized the harvest from one centner, you can get 14.4 million rubles.

1736 05/15/2019 9 min.

Russia is considered one of the largest agricultural countries in the world. Almost every family has its own garden plot where various crops can be planted. Growing vegetables for sale (cucumbers) is an affordable and profitable business. Among all greenhouse crops, cucumbers have gained the most popularity because they are unpretentious in care and are always in demand. In the article you will find information on where to start, a plan and how you can save money in the early stages.

Features of a business selling cucumbers in winter

Growing crops is a profitable and growing business type. Despite the fact that the market is highly competitive, the demand for fresh vegetables persists throughout the year. When creating optimal conditions in one year, you can grow several crops of cucumbers, and if you have the necessary area and a greenhouse of 100 m 2, profitability increases to 200%.

When starting your own business, there are several factors to consider - the demand for products in your area, the quality of the soil on the site, and the availability of the necessary budget for the initial investment. This type of business has pros and cons that should be considered even before the first investment.

Advantages

Cultivation of cucumbers is one of the most widespread types of agriculture in Russia, as it has several significant advantages:

when using an equipped greenhouse in one year, up to 3 crops can be achieved;
the price of products in winter and early spring increases several times;
there are many universal and unpretentious hybrids with an early ripening period;
by doing things independently, expenses can be reduced to a minimum;
cucumbers are stored for a long time, retaining an attractive presentation. This will tell you how to properly store fresh cucumbers;
payback period is only two years.

If you follow the cultivation technology, there are no problems with productivity and infection with pests and diseases. Despite the fact that the cucumber is considered a whimsical crop, it is suitable even for novice farmers.

Disadvantages of Cucumber Business

Like any type of business, cucumber entrepreneurship has a number of disadvantages that can complicate entrepreneurial activity:

large financial investments are required for greenhouse equipment, which is especially felt at the very beginning of work;
significant costs are required for servicing the greenhouse complex in winter and autumn;
there is strong competition in the vegetable market in some regions, so newcomers have to reduce the price of the product, which leads to loss of income;
experience and gardening skills are required, without which it is impossible to get a rich harvest.

Greenhouse equipment requires a large financial investment

Profitability

The profitability of selling cucumbers depends on many factors, among which the most important are the time of year and the yield of the variety. Subject to the cultivation technology and the use of a large greenhouse, the profitability of the business increases several times.

For example, some high-yielding varieties (, and others) can bring up to 5 kg of fresh cucumbers in one season. Other high-yielding varieties of cucumbers are presented. The approximate price for this vegetable in central Russia is 140 rubles. When planting 200 bushes, the income from the sale will be 140 thousand rubles for one planting cycle. It is important to consider that the price of agricultural products falls in summer and early autumn, so the profit depends on the season.

Investments

If you start a business as part of a personal subsidiary plot, then all investments at the initial stage will be reduced only to installing a greenhouse and its equipment, as well as buying all the necessary tools and supplies. Investments under these items amount to 450 thousand rubles when using a greenhouse with an area of 100-110 m 2. When drawing up a business plan, it is necessary to take into account the ongoing costs of heating, electricity, water and logistics. On average, investments can be recouped in 2 years if there is a sales market.

Profit from growing this crop appears only when using large greenhouse facilities. The income from the sale of cucumbers planted in the open field and small greenhouses will only slightly exceed the costs.

Sales

Ways to sell products should be considered even before the start of investments and the construction of the first greenhouse. In the absence of sales sources, the profitability of cultivation decreases several times. Selling crops is an unpredictable and seasonal business, so it's a good idea to develop multiple ways to sell.

You can start by retailing small quantities of cucumbers to start with, to invest in equipment and correct errors. It is more convenient to sell small lots on your own with the help of retail outlets or through Internet platforms (ad sites, social networks). In the future, sales can be expanded in two main areas:

catering establishments;
wholesale buyers.

In any case, you will have to spend a lot of time and effort on travel and negotiations with buyers, as well as the delivery and storage of goods. To interest potential customers, you can reduce the price by 10-15% of the cost of competitors - this will draw attention to the products.

The main market for cucumbers is their wholesale or retail trade.

Even at the stage of business development, you should think about the packaging of the product. It will allow not only to preserve the presentation of vegetables, but can attract new customers.

Expenses

Like any other type of business, growing cucumbers involves the cost of producing a product, storing it, transporting it, and selling it. In the early stages, investments may exceed income, since a large amount is spent on creating conditions for growing. In the future, investments will be required only for consumables, repair and maintenance of greenhouses, work with finished products.

Necessary equipment

To increase productivity and ease of care, you need to purchase the following devices and tools:

Equipment for can be purchased gradually, as the sales revenue increases. This will save part of the budget at the initial stage, since with a small volume of production you can get by with improvised materials.

Cultivation and care

Growing materials are an important part of the cost that is repeated every planting cycle. To get started, the following expenses should be included in the business plan:

Planting material. For a greenhouse with an area of 100 m 2, at least 250 pieces are required. seeds. Their cost depends on the quality of the variety, the average price is 1 thousand rubles per 1000 pieces.
Seedling container. It is advisable to purchase peat cassettes, with which you can avoid picking seedlings. The average price for 8 cells is 12 rubles. You will need at least 30 pieces.
Fertilizers. Suitable liquid complex fertilizers containing all the necessary elements. They are economical to use, so you need very little preparation. Consumption - 2 thousand rubles per cycle.
Irrigation system. With a small amount of planting, it is recommended to water the plants manually, as the production develops, it is necessary to install an automatic watering system. The manual method requires only a water tank, a pump and a hose system (15 thousand rubles).
Priming. It is required for both seedlings and the surface layer in the greenhouse. It is recommended to purchase a special soil for growing cucumbers. The total annual cost is 10 thousand rubles.

Consumables for one cycle will cost 25-30 thousand rubles. With well-established sales, investments will pay off after the sale of 200 kg of fresh vegetables.

Greenhouse equipment, plan

To ensure comfortable growth and rapid ripening of cucumbers, it is extremely important to properly equip the greenhouse. An industrial structure should include the following elements:

a ventilation system is necessary to completely ventilate the greenhouse, which reduces the risk of developing diseases. In the early stages, you can use vents, but in the future it is recommended to purchase fans or convectors;
lighting allows you to increase productivity and speed up the growing season. Incandescent lamps cannot provide the required amount of ultraviolet, so it is advisable to purchase LEDs or infrared lamps;
heating allows you to regulate the temperature in the greenhouse, maintaining it within acceptable values. Heating can be stove, electric or boiler, depending on the budget.

Greenhouse equipment can be purchased gradually, as the income from the sale increases. For starters, you can buy the simplest devices that maintain optimal conditions for plants. At least 70 thousand rubles should be allocated for this.

Varieties

When choosing a variety of cucumbers for industrial cultivation, it is recommended to choose only greenhouse parthenocarpic hybrids that can be pollinated and form ovaries without insects. In addition, the following characteristics of varieties should be taken into account:

Maturing period. It is advisable to choose only early-ripening hybrid varieties with a growing season of up to 45 days.
Productivity. This factor directly affects the profitability of your garden. For industrial cultivation, varieties with a yield of 7 kg / m 2 and a fruit weight of 70 g or more are suitable.
Immunity. Through selective breeding, most modern hybrids are resistant to crop-specific diseases. This characteristic is extremely important when growing in cold or humid climates.
Appointment. Each variety has unique taste characteristics and suitability for a particular purpose. Some cucumbers are best used in salads, others are only suitable for preservation. To increase the range of products, it is recommended to grow different hybrids.

Depending on the purpose, cucumbers are divided into the following groups:

Salad. They have the shortest shelf life, delicate taste and thin skin. Popular varieties:, Vivat, Emelya, Cassandra F1.
Pickling. They do not lose their marketable appearance for a long time, but they have medium taste characteristics and a thick skin. Varieties: Altai, Usadebka, Coastal, Karelian. Other varieties of cucumbers for pickling can be found at this.
Universal. Suitable for both long-term storage and fresh consumption. Varieties: April, White Night, German, Claudia F1.

There are several hundred different varieties and hybrids of this vegetable crop. It is recommended to experiment with seed selection to find the right variety for your conditions.

When choosing a variety of cucumbers, its regional affiliation plays an important role. Usually, the optimal climatic conditions for growing are always indicated on the packaging.

Cultivation technologies

Regular control over the growth and development of plants allows you to get up to three crops in one year. Considering that the demand for products is especially high in winter and early spring, the price of cucumbers increases significantly.

It is important to know such points as irrigation regimes and rules, what fertilizers are applied and the rules for their application.

To improve the yield, it is important to follow the technology of cultivating this crop. First of all, the temperature regime is important, since the cucumber is a heat-loving plant. Regardless of the season, the temperature during the day should be kept at 22-26 degrees, and at night - 17-20. The recommended air humidity is up to 85%, with an increase in this indicator, the risk of developing dangerous diseases, such as powdery mildew, increases. Illumination should be maintained 12 hours a day so that the green parts of the plant always receive the ultraviolet necessary for growth.

Planting and care of a cucumber

Seedlings are usually planted together with root soil to speed up the maturation process. It is recommended to plant with ribbons in two rows with an interval of up to 50 cm. The temperature of the soil should be at least 22 degrees, with a humidity of 50-60%. Caring for cucumbers comes down to the following activities:

Regular watering. Only warm water should be used. Until flowering, watering should be carried out at the rate of 3-4 l / m2 with a frequency of once every 5 days. During the fruiting period, it is increased to 12l / m2 every 3 days.
Application of fertilizers. Regardless of the method of cultivation, plants need to be fed with complex synthetic fertilizers with a high content of all important macronutrients (potassium, sodium and phosphorus). They are applied once before flowering, and then 2-3 more times during the fruiting period.
Leaf care. It comes down to garter and timely pinching of excess foliage. Remove only the lateral and lower processes, which lead to the growth of the bush.
The stem can be tied to a trellis or any other form of support. Features of how to properly tie up cucumbers in a greenhouse, in detail.
Collection of cucumbers. As it matures, it is necessary to harvest. This accelerates the development and formation of new ovaries. Once harvested, cucumbers can be marketed or stored under suitable conditions, depending on the variety.

When growing cucumbers, loosening the soil is required only as needed. Plants have a weak and shallow root system that can be damaged during this procedure. In order to avoid a large number of weeds, it is recommended to carry out mulching in a timely manner.

For storage of cucumbers, it is preferable to use wooden boxes. Unlike other types of packaging, they retain their presentation and do not spoil the taste of the product.

Ways to grow cucumbers all year round

In the greenhouse and in the open field, cucumber can be grown in two ways - horizontally or vertically. In the first version, the lashes are laid out directly on the beds, and for the second type, special supports are needed. Tying plants saves planting area, and also improves the lighting process. For the production cultivation of cucumbers, three technologies are used:

When choosing a growing method, consideration should be given to the access of bees or others to plants for subsequent pollination, if this is provided for by the characteristics of the variety.

The use of trellises is the most common method for growing cucumbers for sale, as this method increases yields and makes plant care easier.

Video

conclusions

The cucumber growing business is a profitable venture that is accessible even to novice farmers.
If the technology is followed, high yields can be achieved, which will significantly exceed the cost of equipment and materials for growing.
It is important to consider the region, because the choice of variety (round or long), the type of soil (additional spending on soil, fertilizers may be required), the need for additional buildings depends on this factor.
The cost of production is determined by several factors - seasonality, competition, sales market, product quality.

The content of the business plan for cucumbers in the greenhouse:

Project summary.
Market analysis, including competitors and potential consumers, logistics.
Investment project.
Greenhouse project.
Cucumber marketing plan and income calculation.
Plan for fixed and variable costs.
Calculation of final indicators, their assessment.
Assessment of risk factors for a cucumber project.

Why do you need a business plan for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse?

A bank loan, grant, subsidies and other benefits from the state are in your pocket if you have a business plan for the project.
A successful start in business, a quick exit to planned indicators - all this is possible if you have a business plan.
You won't make unnecessary mistakes or take unnecessary steps if you have a business plan.

An example of a business plan for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse

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suitable option

Standard	extended with financial calculations with Excel financial model	extended with adjustments
Standard business plan		Extended Greenhouse Cucumber Business Plan with Full Business Analysis and 5 Year Financial Plan
		Detailed financial model for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse
	Break even point calculation	Analysis of profit and profitability in the context of individual business areas and products Analysis of business risks and margin of safety in terms of sales volume, cost and credit load Sales forecast quarterly for 5 years Cost forecast quarterly for 5 years Calculation of conditions for obtaining and repaying a loan Break even point calculation Statement of Cash Flow quarterly for 5 years Analysis of financial and investment indicators
		Adjustment of the business plan to your figures by our analysts within 5 working days
Business plan volume: 30 pages.	Business plan volume: 80 pages.	Business plan volume: 80 pages.
10 000 rub.	20 000 rub.	39 000 rub.

This kit is ideal for those who need a business plan to get a loan or attract investments.

Description

The extended business plan includes a financial model for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse in Excel format.

The business plan was developed taking into account the practice of evaluating projects in Russian banks, as well as taking into account the requirements of investors and entrepreneurship support funds in the Russian Federation. It will allow to justify management decisions on investing in the creation and development of growing cucumbers in a greenhouse, predict its financial results and assess risks.

A full description of the business plan can be downloaded from the link:

Content

To view the content, download the file:

Tables and graphs

To get acquainted with the list of tables, graphs and diagrams, see the file:

Payment and delivery

You can pay in the following ways:

Bank cards (Russia)
Electronic money
Terminals and communication salons
Money transfers
Bank cards (International)

Sending a business plan and financial model:

Sending is carried out within 24 hours after payment to your email address.

Business organization

Cucumber is the oldest vegetable, native to India. For 95-98%, the cucumber consists of water, is a dietary product, contains a considerable amount of useful trace elements, and, most importantly, is one of the most beloved vegetables of Russians. Demand for it does not decrease throughout the year, and the price for most of the year is kept at a fairly high level. To get started successfully, you will definitely need a business plan for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse.

Business entry steps:

Formation of the concept of the project.
Search for investors, collection of necessary funds.
Construction of greenhouses and utility rooms for growing cucumbers in the planned volume.
Conducting communications.
Acquisition of the necessary equipment, machinery and inventory.
Attracting personnel.
Acquisition of soil, planting material, fertilizers, plant protection products.
Preparing to start work.
Business start.

When organizing a business, it should be borne in mind that cucumbers are very demanding vegetables. For good yields, you will need black soil, good fertilizers, acceptable temperature conditions and light. Therefore, when equipping greenhouses, think carefully about the heating and lighting system for greenhouses using energy-saving technologies.

Market analysis and description of the greenhouse project for growing cucumbers in a greenhouse

Employees of the Ministry of Agriculture have developed a program according to which the full provision of the population with greenhouse vegetables, including cucumbers, will be achieved by 2020. Currently, the saturation of the domestic greenhouse products market is no more than 40%. Given these prerequisites, the cultivation of cucumbers is an actual line of business.

Produced goods/services

Fresh cucumbers, canned cucumbers.

Potential clients

Trading networks, markets, fairs, vegetable warehouses, grocery stores, etc.

Below are the calculations of an example of a ready-made business plan for the industrial cultivation of cucumbers in a greenhouse.

The financial part of the business plan for cucumbers in the greenhouse

Investments:

Attachments	Timing	Amount, thousand rubles
Paperwork and registration
Land lease
Design work
Construction of greenhouses
Acquisition of machinery, equipment and inventory
Marketing activities to find and establish relationships with buyers
Purchase of seeds
Purchase of fertilizers
Acquisition of protection
Other costs

According to the business plan of a small greenhouse complex for growing cucumbers, the required investment will be about 10-15 million rubles.

Income:

The average revenue will be about 12 - 18 million rubles annually (production capacity for 100 - 120 tons of vegetables).

Expenses:

Annual expenses - an average of 8 - 13 million rubles.

Profit, payback and profitability of the business:

The payback period of the project is about 4 years, the profit is on average 2.5 - 5 million rubles, and the profitability is 25%.

Conclusions:

Growing cucumbers in a greenhouse is a business line that is currently gaining particular relevance. Demand for cucumbers is at a consistently high level and there is no reason to believe that it may decline. The domestic market needs additional vegetable producers, which means you have a great opportunity to enter this market with your offer. Therefore, if cucumbers in a greenhouse are your topic, then you need to prepare a business plan.

Download the business plan template for industrial cultivation of cucumbers and you will be able to:

Independently calculate the list of key performance indicators and current activities of the cucumber farm.
Get guaranteed financing from banks, investment companies and the state, as your business plan will reflect the real state of affairs, and it will be noticeable.
Structure your work in accordance with the developed strategy and established plans.
Save up to 150,000 rubles on the development of a business plan.

In order to start your own business, you will need self-confidence, decisiveness in action and a good business plan. Don't delay, get started right now.

Other business plans.

Cucumber is a tasty and healthy vegetable that is easy to cultivate in the open field or in a greenhouse. Cultivation of cucumbers as a business: profitable or not, reviews and advice from farmers on doing business.

Outdoor beds are cheap, but have one big drawback - the period of operation limited by the warm season. Therefore, the greenhouse method is used for year-round cultivation of vegetables.

Features of the greenhouse method

Compared to the traditional way, growing cucumbers in a greenhouse as a business has a number of features:

Large-scale agricultural production should be planned near a big city, since small settlements provide summer cottages with fresh vegetables.

Business plan

To organize your farming business, you need to draw up a business plan for growing cucumbers:

Studying technology.
Site selection and greenhouse placement.
Equipping with equipment.
Purchase of seedlings.
Company registration.
Sales organization.
Financial calculations.

Step-by-step planning allows you to avoid mistakes and unnecessary costs. You can download a ready-made business plan with calculations at.

Cucumber cultivation technology

Successful cultivation of cucumbers is based on 3 main principles:

Selection of suitable varieties. For indoor conditions, hybrid varieties that do not require pollination are best suited. To increase the yield, you need to choose vegetables with a short ripening period, a large number of ovaries, and high resistance to diseases and pests. On large areas it is convenient to plant cucumbers of different directions - lettuce, pickles, for canning. Seeds for planting are purchased at seed farms, where they guarantee high-quality material and give advice on growing vegetables. The most popular varieties are Nezhinsky, Emelya, Hercules, Dynamite, Santana, Droplet. Experienced vegetable growers are advised to give preference to domestic varieties.
Delivery of high quality soil. Cucumbers give a rich harvest in fertile black soil, which needs to be fertilized. If the land on the site is not very good, you will have to buy it. There are alternative options: lumpy turf, which is prepared in advance for sowing; hydroponics - more often used by large farms; a mixture of turf and peat, into which fertilizers, sawdust, husks, straw are added.
Care and creation of a microclimate in a greenhouse. The optimum temperature for ripening vegetables is 20-25°C at a humidity of 80%, since the cucumber is a very moisture-loving plant. Watering is carried out with warm water, through a drip system. Weekly, the soil is loosened and fertilized with superphosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium nitrate. In summer it is necessary to protect seedlings from the scorching sun, and in winter to heat the premises. Cucumbers are grown on vertical vines, which are shaped in such a way as not to block the light and give maximum yield. Some varieties need pinching and pinching, some do not. To prevent the death of plants from diseases and pests, regular inspections and treatment with special equipment should be carried out.
Usually, a three-turn method is used to grow cucumbers all year round - they start the cycle in early spring, one crop is harvested in the summer and two in the rest of the time. During the warm months, a "financial cushion" is created to pay for electricity during the cold season.

Building a greenhouse

A business for growing cucumbers can be organized on your own personal plot or rented land for this purpose. A place for agriculture is chosen as far as possible from the industrial zone. Although this will increase the cost of transportation, the vegetables will grow in clean air and will not cause diseases to consumers.

It is desirable that the greenhouse is installed on a flat area, without slopes and irregularities. You can start with one greenhouse, and then complete more structures. On an area of 35 sq. m., equipped with modern equipment, harvest up to 100 tons per year.

It is possible to equip the greenhouse on your own or purchase a ready-made structure, which is made of light metal and polycarbonate. For regions with different weather and climatic conditions, various types of greenhouses are produced:

In the south, it is convenient to use a building with a gable roof and a large number of opening windows in order to ventilate the room on warm winter days.
In areas with a more severe climate, greenhouses are built with a domed roof and a vestibule that acts as an air partition and a warehouse for equipment.

Large greenhouses are the most economical to use, although more expensive to build. When working in several greenhouses, it is necessary to purchase a separate set of equipment for heating, lighting and irrigation. And for one large area, one boiler and a humidification system are enough. In addition, a large area of the coating transmits a lot of light, which saves energy costs.

Equipment

For year-round cultivation of cucumbers, the greenhouse is equipped with heating, irrigation and additional lighting systems. Moreover, it is necessary to heat up not only the air, but also the soil.

Heating is mainly mounted from the boiler and pipes connected to it with water, located throughout the area of the greenhouse. The boiler runs on solid, liquid or gas fuels, and can be universal. Warming up the soil provides the "warm floor" technological method, which is safe and reliable for plant growth.

Additional lighting is necessary for plants in the winter. For these purposes, phytolamps and LED lamps are used, which sufficiently replace sunlight, are durable, and do not consume much electricity.

Cucumbers are made up mostly of water and are in dire need of abundant watering. High humidity is qualitatively maintained by automated drip irrigation systems, consisting of a water tank, hoses and a fluid supply control device. Fertilizers and minerals are added to the irrigation system to increase yields.

Growing cucumbers requires equipment and other materials for the formation of lashes, caring for plants, and harvesting.

Seedling

Seedlings for growing cucumbers can be bought or grown on your farm. Self-cultivation occurs in this way:

Seeds are sown in containers with a diameter of about 8 cm.
For two or three days in a room with future seedlings, a temperature of 25-30 ° C and a humidity of 75% are maintained.
Watering is carried out daily with warm water.
For the first two weeks, fertilizing and fertilizers are applied to the soil in accordance with the sown variety.
When 4-6 leaves appear on the seedlings (usually it takes a month), they are planted on the beds.

Quality seedlings are sold to other farms, which gives additional income to the cucumber farm.

Business registration

Cucumber business is registered in several ways:

Personal subsidiary farming, which, according to the law, is not an entrepreneurship and is not taxed. This option is suitable for owners or tenants of agricultural land plots up to 2.5 hectares. Local self-government bodies are engaged in the design of private household plots, about which a certificate is issued indicating the type of products produced. The sale of vegetables in this case is possible only to end consumers in markets or small retail outlets.
It makes sense for the owner of a large farm to register an individual entrepreneurship in order to sell a large crop through a retail network. An individual entrepreneur has the right to hire employees, has no restrictions on the land area of management and can pay a single agricultural tax at a rate of 6%.
A peasant farm is a legal entity and is formalized if a family or several partners participate in the activity. The state provides peasant farms with benefits for renting land and the ability to pay unified agricultural tax.

Cultivation of cucumbers is not a licensed activity; when exporting products outside the region, it is necessary to undergo certification and draw up a declaration of conformity.

Sales organization

Greenhouse products, as they mature, are collected and placed in wooden, plastic or cardboard boxes. Cucumbers have a dense structure, are stored for a long time and tolerate transportation well.

The sale of the crop occurs depending on the volumes:

in the markets;
through a retail network;
through the wholesale network;
in catering establishments, hospitals, schools.

Individual entrepreneurs and peasant farms enter into agreements with buyers-legal entities, private farmers sell cucumbers to end consumers.

An established and well-organized distribution network guarantees the sale of the entire crop. To do this, it is necessary to study in advance the level of prices, demand, terms of delivery and trading fees.

Economic calculations

How profitable and profitable the business idea of \u200b\u200bgrowing cucumbers in a greenhouse can be assessed by making a calculation of starting investments, expenses and planned income.

On a 400 sq. m. on your own plot you need to invest:

The operating expenses for the year are:

Market prices for cucumbers vary depending on the season: in summer there is a mass trade and the cost is low, in winter and spring fresh vegetables become 3-4 times more expensive. On average, a kilogram of cucumbers costs 80 rubles. An annual harvest of 37 tons brings the farmer:

№	*Name*	*price, rub.*		*Income, rub.*
1	Sales of cucumbers	80	37	2 960 000

The profit will be: 2,960,000 rubles. - 906,000 rubles. = 2,054,000 rubles. This amount covers the initial investment in the business, and the entrepreneur's net income in the first year of operation is 404,000 rubles.

Video: business in the countryside - a cucumber millionaire from the Arsky district.