What is better peat or black soil. How to properly apply peat fertilizer, and what it is for. Tips for using peat on the site

Decayed remains of flora and fauna have long been used in agriculture. Gardeners use peat as a fertilizer, knowing about the values and characteristics of this mineral.

How is peat formed?

In marshy places, a lot of vegetation and living organisms die, after death they form a compressed biomass. The further process takes place in conditions of high humidity and lack of air.

Peat extraction technology

Occurring on the surface, it is easily mined. They do this in two ways:

milling;
lump or excavation method.

Milling

This method involves layer-by-layer extraction of peat, in short cycles. That is, with the help of milling drums they mill upper layer depth 6-20 mm. As a result, a crumb of peat is formed, the particle size of which is 15-25 mm. After milling, the layer is constantly turned over in order to dry.

When it dries, they begin to roll it, stack it. Then everything is repeated, the number of repetitions reaches 10-50 times.
This mining method has been used since the 1930s. The advantages of this method are that it is fully mechanized, that is, the cost of the material obtained is low. Milled peat is used in production, power plants. And in agriculture, 15-25% of the extracted minerals. The milling method is intensive drying and requires good weather conditions. In addition, it is more in demand, since the cost of human resources is minimal, and production is in large quantities.
Lump
Mined with excavators. The development is carried out to a depth of 400-800 cm. First, peat is mined with bucket equipment, then bricks are formed from it. They are laid out in the fields to dry. They are then stacked and hauled away. Based on the place of extraction and other development costs, the cost of the mineral is determined. The weight of one piece varies from 500 to 1000 g. This mining method is no more than 90 years old.
transitional peat
Everyone gets it possible ways, it all depends on where it lies and which method is more profitable. Most often, this species is used for agriculture in order to increase soil fertility.
Peat as fertilizer: pros and cons
When purchasing peat, young and inexperienced summer residents add it in unlimited quantities to the beds with plantings. Whether this is correct, and whether it is harmful to cultivated plants, only a few think. Peat consists of 40-60% humus, but in pure form for the garden, it is very harmful. Plus, many gardeners consider a large percentage of nitrogen content, about 25 kg per 1 ton.
But few people know that this nitrogen is not absorbed by plants, as it is poorly absorbed.

It is better not to fertilize the garden with clean peat, it is necessary to mix it with others. The advantage of adding peat to the soil is that it increases the air permeability of the soil, making it more airy and loose. It is easier for plants to grow in such a land, but this is not enough for the full development of the root system, green mass and fruits.
Riding peat is suitable for those plants that feel great in acidic soil. In this case, it is added during transplantation and later they mulch the soil around the plants.
Comparison
You can understand the value of this mineral in comparison with organic fertilizers:
chernozem;
chicken manure.

Manure and manure
The main difference is acidity. Peat wins here, so it is used for depleted land. But in most cases, humus is used, since it contains more useful substances necessary for plant growth.
Chernozem
Chernozem contains a large amount of humus, but there are also more pathogenic bacteria and viruses in it. Therefore, the summer resident has to choose independently based on what the soil lacks. If you make peat, it must be diluted with sand and perlite and humus.
chicken manure
Chicken manure wins in that it is more valuable in terms of the composition of nutrients. Some summer residents prefer to use litter.
What is peat for?
A novice gardener wonders about the role of peat fertilizer for the site. The advantage of its use is that it contains a large amount of humic and amino acids, they contribute to the rapid growth of plants.
Peat is used for the preparation of fertile soil, for planting seedlings, indoor plants.

The main purpose of using peat in agriculture is to increase soil fertility.
Advantages of using minerals on the site:
improvement of soil structure;
increase in productivity;
increase in moisture permeability;
improved breathability.

How useful is fertilizer for personal plot, the summer resident will appreciate after its application. But you should carefully study the composition of the soil, and then apply top dressing.
Peat properties
There are many properties due to which it is widely used in agriculture, medicine, cosmetology and many other industries. The summer resident is interested in the answer to the question of what properties peat has that are useful for a personal plot or cottage:
In combination with other organic substances, it can nourish and enrich the soil.
Makes the soil moisture and breathable.
Increases soil acidity.
Eliminates the soil from pathogenic microflora.
Can lower nitrate levels.
Weakens the impact of pesticides.

The properties of peat differ depending on what type it belongs to. No need to make a mineral on fertile soils. In this case, its properties are neutral.
Composition of peat
The composition includes plant residues that have not completely decomposed. Their decay products and mineral particles. Under natural conditions, it contains 86-95% water. Botanical composition:
remnants of wood;
tree bark and roots;
various plant remains;
hypnum and sphagnum moss.

The chemical composition is different, it depends on the type, botanical composition and degree of decomposition. That is, the percentage of micro- and macroelements in its composition depends on what type of peat is being studied, and whose plant residues are based on it.
Acidity of peat
It directly depends on how much calcium is in its composition. Due to the high degree of acidity, horseback is practically not used when planting; it is suitable for mulching. Since its pH is 3-5. Summer residents prefer to use lowland peat, as its acidity is 5-8. All particles in its composition are well decomposed and are suitable for feeding any crop.
According to the degree of acidity, the following classification is determined:
Strongly acidic, their ash content is 1.5-3%, lime content is 0.15-0.6%, pH is 2.5-4.
Medium acid, ash content 3-6%, lime content 1%, pH 3.5-4.5.
Slightly acidic, ash content 5-12%, lime more than 1%, pH 4.5-5.5.
Neutral, high ash content, neutral pH above 7%.

It is worth remembering that when it comes to composition, it will not be possible to say unequivocally about all types. Therefore, general characteristics are given.
Degree of decomposition
The presence of humus in it depends on how decomposed the peat is. That is, the greater the degree of decomposition, the higher the percentage of structureless particles. This characteristic is the main one in describing the qualities and useful properties.
This indicator is determined as a percentage, “by eye” or under a microscope. In the first case, only fresh peat is taken, which has its own natural moisture content. Signs by which the degree of decomposition is determined:
plastic;
quantity and preservation of plant fragments;
the amount and color of the squeezed water.

The decomposition is divided into 3 groups:
30% - strongly decomposed. It is pressed through the fingers, separate, large fragments of plant residues remain in the hands. After squeezing water, which is either very little or not at all, remains plastic. The water is dark Brown.
20% - moderately decomposed. It is difficult to push through the fingers, a lot of plant remains remain in the hands. Water that is squeezed out is light brown or brown in color. Pressed peat springs weakly.
Less than 20% - slightly decomposed. Impossible to push through fingers. Plant remains are easily visible. Water is squeezed out easily, its color is yellowish or colorless. Pressed peat is springy and rough on the surface.

More detailed information is provided by the macroscopic method proposed by P.D. Varlygin.
IN field conditions when it is not possible to conduct laboratory tests, the smear method is used. The disadvantage of the method for determining the degree of decomposition is hardly visible traces of slightly decomposed soil. And the advantage is the fast determination of results.
Peat types
According to the Institute's research in the European part of the Soviet Union, there are 38 species. But all these species are combined into 3 types, which are subdivided based on the properties of peat and the nature of the waters that feed the swamps.
Lowland.
Horse.
Transition.

lowland peat
fueled groundwater. Its pH is neutral or slightly acidic. In total, it contains 70% of organic residues, in addition, it contains a large amount of minerals.
Often, lowland peat is used to improve the soil composition of the soil, which has been used for a long time without any fertilizer.
horse peat
Of all types, the most infertile, therefore it is only suitable for mulching or plants that require high soil acidity for growth and development.
transitional peat
The middle formation between the lowland and high-moor peat, that is, the layer is transitional. With fewer trace elements, and low acidity of the soil. The plant remains that make up this species are almost constant, differing slightly, depending on the type of peat deposits.
Neutralized peat
Mounted subspecies. It is used for the preparation of substrates, for this they take raw materials of a low degree of decomposition. In this case, limestone flour is used to neutralize acidity.
With its use, greenhouse soil is made, or soil for plants grown in pots. For open ground used for planting trees and shrubs.
Use of peat
The scope of its application in agriculture is very extensive. The mineral is used in beds, in greenhouses, in the garden and when growing flowers.
For the garden
Pure peat is not used to fertilize beds. Basically it is mixed with humus and other organic substances. And make it wet 50-60%. Otherwise, it will already be mulching.
Peat compost is a common occurrence in summer cottages. In addition, summer residents call this method of application the most effective.
For greenhouse
The ability of a mineral to absorb moisture and at the same time retain it is indispensable in the arrangement of a greenhouse. With the help of these properties, it maintains an optimal temperature regime soil, in a greenhouse. Concurrently, the mineral is an antiseptic. Therefore, in greenhouses, peat is filled by 50-90%.
For garden
For use in the garden, it is required to carry out preliminary training mineral. Within 2 weeks it is recommended to keep it carefully fluffing. If possible, sift through a sieve.
When using peat in the garden, constant watering is required. Proper use will provide plant roots with nutrients and oxygen necessary for active plant growth.
For plants
Peat is used for many types of crops. Apply as a fertilizer in spring or autumn for digging. This helps to improve the composition of the soil and increase the nutrients that the plant takes for proper development and growth.
For flowers
Fans of growing flowers, garden and indoor, also note the positive effect of peat on plants. Using a mineral as a fertilizer helps plants recover faster after transplanting.
Peonies respond especially well. They grow faster, bloom better and have a very strong smell. Use it as mulch and top dressing. In the second case, it is necessary to combine with mineral fertilizers.
Application in winter
IN winter period the mineral is used for compost. During the winter, it overheats and turns into the most nutritious fertilizer. Its introduction in winter causes early snow melting. Therefore, the ground starts to warm up earlier.
Fertilization of individual crops
The mineral is used for some crops in different ways, it is important to know how to properly fertilize so as not to harm either the plant or the soil.
Potato
Growing potatoes is a labor intensive process. The summer resident, in order to get a crop, makes fertile soil in the garden, adding sand and clay. But by themselves, these components do not perform the necessary function, so peat is added to them. This soil composition is the most suitable for the culture.
Strawberry
Applying fertilizer on strawberry beds, gardeners note the precocity of the berry, the harvest becomes richer, the taste of strawberries is richer. They are applied in spring or autumn, mixed with sawdust and dried well. Add it to the aisle of 30 kg per 1 m 2. Or directly to each hole.
Tomatoes
For this crop, peat is used as a foliar and root top dressing once every 2 weeks. Or they make 4 kg per 1 m 2, scattering evenly over the garden.
For the best effect, the mineral is added when planting seeds.
cucumbers
Thanks to the introduction of peat into the soil, a rich crop crop is obtained. It is important to observe the dosage and correctly lime or reduce the acidity of the soil. Compliance with proportions will help to get the maximum possible yield from cucumber bushes.
Cabbage
For this culture, which is very picky about acidity, peat is used by lowering the pH. Then the effect of its application will be noticeable almost immediately.
Soil fertilization with peat
To improve soil fertility, summer residents use this mineral. But many do not even think about the fact that it brings harm. Therefore, before fertilizing the soil, it is necessary to determine what exactly the soil needs.
Bringing it into fertile land, you should not wait for improvements, as there will be no result. But if the soil is severely depleted, then it raises its fertility.

Peat preparation
Before use, it is necessary to properly prepare the mineral. To do this, you need to fulfill simple requirements:
Ventilate well before use. To volatilize the toxic substances that are in its composition.
Humidity of the used raw materials is not less than 50%.
The impact on the plant is not immediate, sometimes they are noticeable, only after 2-3 years.
Regardless of the season, fertilization is always appropriate.
The best way to use it is compost.

When to deposit
There are no specific dates, it is brought in at any time, in spring and autumn for plowing. During the period of plant growth, aisle and under the roots.
Dosage
There are no regulations on the use of minerals. They only note the moment that it is necessary to make it for several years in a row, gradually bringing the soil to the desired degree of fertility.
Mulching with peat
This process also requires the implementation of rules, this leads to positive result from the work done. Mulch during the growing season or before winter. In the summer, peat is used for this, which is applied in a layer of 1 to 2 cm. In the spring, protecting plantings, up to 5 cm, in winter the layer is not limited.
Soil top dressing
To enrich the fertile layer of the earth, peat mixed with any organic additives is used. Since he alone does not provide proper enrichment with minerals. Mineral, in its pure form, is used only for mulching.
They use high-moor peat for mulch, lowland and transitional, to enrich the soil.
Organization of peat compost
Pure fertilizer provides few nutrients to the soil. Therefore, summer residents recommend making compost. It requires leaves, food scraps, cut weeds, and other plant debris. Compost is prepared within 1-1.5 years. The degree of readiness is determined visually. The entire mass should be homogeneous and loose.
Ways
There are 2 ways to organize compost, which of them is preferred by the summer resident himself.
Spot composting
A layer of peat 50-60 cm is laid out at the chosen place. Then manure 70-80 cm is laid out in a continuous layer, or in heaps. from all sides. This method is preferred in winter.
Layered
Peat is distributed over a width of 4-5 m, the length of the site, if possible, the layer thickness is 50 cm, then a layer of manure is laid, then peat again, and so on several times, the height of the finished compost heap is 2 m. Last layer definitely peaty.
Peat based fertilizer
Fertilizer manufacturers create plant nutrition. They make it for those who can't do it themselves. compost heap. They are made in the form of granules that are added directly to the wells. And liquid fertilizer, which is absorbed much better. They are watered plants and used as a growth stimulant for seeds.
Peat oxidate
Economical plant nutrition, which is much cheaper than imported analogues. Helps plants accumulate nutrients, improves soil structure, prevents toxins from entering the plant.
It contains amino acids, monosaccharides, proteins, humic acids, minerals and fulvic acids. Be sure to dilute with water when using.
Extract from peat
For manufacturing, a low-lying view is used, with the help of electro-hydraulic processing, an extract is obtained. The fertilizer is very easy to use. Contains many useful substances. Recommended for areas where there is no need to fertilize the soil.
Alternative to peat fertilizers
If it is not possible to purchase a mineral, it is replaced with organic matter similar in composition of nutrients. These include:
manure;
humus;
humus;
bird droppings;
feces;
sawdust, tree bark;
green manure;
compost pits.

The choice of an alternative is up to the vegetable grower.
Manure
The best substitute for peat. Its composition is rich in minerals that plants need for growth and development. All of them are in an easily digestible form.
The only negative for the site is that fresh manure cannot be used.
Humus
Rich in nutrients that increase the overall fertility of the soil. It is introduced before digging or directly into the wells.
Humus
It is used as an alternative to peat in most cases, as it is rich in nutrients that enrich the soil.
bird droppings
Il
Silt rich in humus, potassium and nitrogen is used in areas to increase soil fertility.
Feces
They are not used in their pure form; special preparation of fertilizer with their use is required. Made from a compost heap.
sawdust, tree bark
Cheap and affordable organic fertilizer, which becomes an excellent substitute for minerals. Contribute to the plots only rotted. Mixed with other dressings and layered with the ground.
Compost is prepared from the bark, mixed with mineral supplements and moistened. Fertilizer will be ready within 6 months.
siderates
Since autumn, the site is sown with perennial or annual crops, plowed up in the spring. Useful material pass into the soil, enriching the soil.
Compost pits
Harmless organic fertilizer, which significantly increases soil fertility. The disadvantage of top dressing is that it is being prepared from 1 to 2 years. But do not forget that it is in this form that minerals are better absorbed by plants.
Peat as a fertilizer is indispensable on the site. But do not make it thoughtlessly, everything is good in moderation.

Today, more and more gardeners and gardeners prefer the use of organic fertilizers on their plots. Quite similar on the outside and so different on the inside. This is exactly what can be said about peat and humus, which are so often mistaken for the same type of fertilizer by inexperienced gardeners. However, these two fertilizers have various properties and characteristics. In each specific case, it is necessary individual approach, so decide what exactly is worth using or needed, after weighing the pros and cons.

What such peat ?

Peat is the compressed remains of plants and animals that have decayed to varying degrees and contain minerals. In nature, peat is formed in large quantities in swampy areas. All plants and organisms that live in such an environment die over time, forming a biomass that is layered on top of each other and gradually pressed.

Peat has found its application in many areas. So, it is used as a fuel, for the manufacture thermal insulation materials and as a fertilizer. Peat can be used for the following purposes:

Improvement of soil characteristics. The introduction of peat has a positive effect on the microbiological and nutritional composition of the soil, increases its porosity, density, moisture and air permeability.
Increasing soil fertility. Organic matter and minerals in the composition of peat have a positive effect on yield.
Stimulation of plant growth. Composts containing peat are used.
Making pots for growing seedlings.

Advantages And flaws humus

Humus is an organic fertilizer formed by overheating manure, in which plant residues are no longer distinguishable. The popularity of this fertilizer is due to its excellent characteristics and properties that it possesses:

Saturates the earth with all the necessary nutrients.
Good for use on any soil. It makes clay soil looser, retains moisture and nutrients in sandy soil.

3) Using humus as a mulch attracts earthworms, which increase the efficiency of the roots.

4) Nutrients from such mulch gradually come to the roots during watering of plants.

However, the use of humus also has its drawbacks. First, it is necessary to carry out a series preparatory work with soil. Humus must be applied to the ground in the fall, having dug fertilizer with the ground. Secondly, in the area where humus was used, there is a high probability of a large number of weeds.

What better : peat or humus ?

In order to choose the right fertilizer for your site, you must first compare the characteristics of peat and humus.

Peat has a high acidity, so it is perfect for clay and sandy soils, as well as for areas with a very depleted soil composition. Humus, in turn, is a universal fertilizer that is suitable for any type of soil. However, its use requires special preparation of the land, in addition, weeds will have to be fought.

In any case, it is necessary to decide which fertilizer to choose, taking into account all the factors and the desired result to be achieved. The main thing to remember is that using the right amount of organic fertilizers will allow you to get good harvest and avoid negative consequences.

The Samosvalov company also deals with peat in Krasnoyarsk, as well as throughout Krasnoyarsk Territory. The land in this region does not have the best performance, so the use of organic fertilizers, such as humus and peat, is simply necessary here.

Usually, the following types of substrates are offered for sale by machines:
- Soil garden universal;
- Peat-;
- Peat-land mses;
- Chernozem;
- Vegetable soil;

Let's briefly analyze how these soils should look and what is included in the composition.

1. Soil garden universal.
Composition: lowland peat - 40-50%; compost - 30-40%; biohumus - 5%, sand - 10-20%.

It is a dark brown mass with a homogeneous loose structure, a pleasant smell of forest litter, inclusions from unripe plant residues, sand. This substrate is optimal in terms of the selection of elements useful for plants; it can be immediately used in beds, greenhouses, flower beds, when laying lawns.

2. Peat-sand mixture.
Composition: peat - 70-80%, sand - 20-30%
It is a loose mass of black color interspersed with sand. Sand grains must be available.

Such a substrate can be used immediately when laying lawns and flower beds, and is also an excellent improver of clay soil with which it must be mixed.

3. Peat-earth mixture.
Composition: vegetable soil - 60%, peat - 20%, sand - 10%, compost - 10%

This is a denser soil than the previous substrate, since it contains 60% of the local soil (meaning the Central region, where clay soils predominate). Usually it is bought to improve overly drained and quickly drying soils (sandy, sandy loam), since the clay included in the composition retains moisture well.

4. Chernozem.
Composition: black soil 100%

It looks like a substrate of a very dark color with a granular-lumpy structure.

Can be used to improve any kind of soil. Regarding black soil, the following can be added. The northernmost part where it is filmed is the Tula and Ryazan regions for Muscovites. The southern suburbs can still count on what it will get real black earth and then the cost of delivery here is 4000 rubles). To the north - you are unlikely to buy real black soil, it will be either local clay soil, blackened with waste from a thermal power plant, or grassroots peat (which also has a rich black color). Don't be naive, you can't buy black earth cheaper than 20 thousand rubles (per 10 cubic meters) in the north of Moscow!

And does it make sense to buy it? After all, chernozem in our climatic conditions loses all its properties for which it is acquired. After all, the soil is not only the composition, it is also the structure. And the structure of chernozem is formed only when evaporation exceeds precipitation (moisture coefficient is less than 1). In the Central region, this coefficient is greater than one, and after a couple of months, the chernozem loses its structure, "floats", a crust forms on the surface. In our country, this soil can only be used as an additive (no more than 10% by volume) to various kinds of earth mixtures, including peat. Why go after him with such fanaticism?

5. Vegetable soil.
Composition: 100% local topsoil.

Be sure to carefully consider the content. The structure should be loose, dark in color. Large conglomerates of clay and various debris are excluded. Such soil, if good quality, can be used to raise the level of the soil in the area or as a filler for ridges, subject to the application of fertilizers.

Keep in mind, often under the name "Vegetable Soil" you will try to "fuse" "Construction Soil", which is a mixture of clay clods with construction debris.

To avoid cheating, you should follow the following research algorithm.

Take:
- a long smooth pointed stick-probe from 1.5 meters ("stick - checker");
- determinant of soil acidity "Soil Control", sold in the garden departments;
- some clean water.

a) We take a "testing stick" and with a sharp end we pierce a pile of land that you are acquiring. If the probe effortlessly makes its way through the ground in different places, then there are no large pieces of clay and debris.

b) An acidity test will show you what to expect from the soil. If the acidity is increased, then there is a lot of high-moor peat in the mixture, it cannot be used on its own, only mixed with other components. If the soil is strongly alkaline, then this is another extreme, obviously it was taken out from some industrial waste dump.

C) We check for structuredness: we moisten a handful of soil with water to the consistency of dough, roll it into a cord with a diameter of about 3 mm in the palm of our hand, and fold it into a ring. At the same time, we get the following results: it is impossible to form a cord, it crumbles - a lot of sand; the cord is covered with cracks when rolling - light loam; the cord is solid, but the ring breaks up when folded - medium loam; the cord is solid, the whole ring is clay (you can do pottery).

d) In addition, it is advisable to check the substrate for radioactivity with a household counter. Now very often they sell cheap outwardly high-quality, but with increased radiation activity substrate.

Be carefull! Take care of your health and your relatives, try to purchase the substrate from old trusted companies that provide quality certificates for all components, even if it comes out a little more expensive.

For a guaranteed harvest of a large crop, the soil on the site must necessarily be suitable. It is a mistake to believe that absolutely everything will melt on black soil and bear fruit several times a year. Each plant puts forward its own conditions for the soil, which the gardener / gardener must comply with. Of course, chernozem is present in almost every type of soil. It is only important to ensure the correct combination with other constituent parts soil.

One of the main problems when buying black soil is fraud. Visually, black earth is not yet black soil. Summer residents without great experience in horticulture, they often do not have the ability to distinguish between truly natural black soil, then its “cheap substitutes”. Naturally, buying ordinary soil at the price of black soil is idiocy. On the site http://ekogrunty.ru/chernozem/ you will be able to buy the highest quality black soil. Also logistics problems can be solved.

In order to reliably distinguish black soil from peat, it is necessary to imagine their specifics in detail. Chernozem is a type of soil that was formed in nature as a result of the decay of a huge amount of root material.

In addition, do not forget that black soil is a member of the natural ecosystem. In fact, black soil cannot arise if living organisms do not live in it: earthworms, marmots, moles, etc.

Peat is formed exclusively in swampy, wet areas. It arises as a result of decay of the remains of animals and plants. Moreover, in order for peat to arise, a natural lack of air is necessary.

Chernozem can be used on the site immediately. It is enough to scatter it over the surface of the soil and dig it up for enrichment. Peat is strictly forbidden to be introduced into the soil unprepared. It needs to be recomputed first.

By and large, today there are two methods for identifying the indicated differences:

squeezing a clod of soil in your hand;
filling the soil clod with water and waiting for it to dry.

Indeed, it is enough to squeeze a lump of black earth to understand whether the seller is deceiving you or not. After you release the compressed lump from your hand, a greasy and dark mark will remain on the skin. After peat, this will never happen.

The second way is even easier. A lump of black soil and a lump of peat are saturated with moisture to the limit. After that, they are left in the sun - it is necessary to wait for drying. Chernozem retains moisture very well and for a long time.

Peat dries up literally before our eyes (after all, peat in the vast majority is used to ensure soil looseness).

The video talks about how to use peat in gardening:

It is no secret to anyone that in the spring, many are faced with the problem of choosing fertile soil, for landscaping various sites, or gardening on your own suburban area. The usual plant soil, which is located on the territory of the Moscow region, is rather poor, it has a too poor content of fertile and plant particles, and therefore it is too poorly suited for these purposes. So, what is peat, peat mixtures, fertile and vegetable soil, black soil, earth and the top layer? So in what cases is it better to use? We will try to answer all these questions in this short article. We want to note right away that we are not professionally engaged in landscaping or gardening. But all the information posted on this page, we collected in the course of communication with our customers, and among them I can assure you, there were quite a few professionals in these difficult issues.

Materials for landscaping and gardening:

Peat - depending on the process of decomposition of its constituent elements, it can be of various colors, from brown-yellow to brown turning into dark black. But this is not the main thing that characterizes its properties. Peat itself is not the best fertilizer - this is mainly due to the low percentage of ash particles in it, but it retains the optimal ratio of water and air in the soil for plants.

Peat sand mixture - mixing peat and sand in specified proportions. Active natural raw materials (sand and peat) ensure that the peat-sand mixture optimizes the agrochemical properties of the soil, increases the bearing capacity of the soil, etc. Peat - 70%, Sand - 30%.

Plant soil is a particular form of soil. That is, the soil, in fact, is the upper part of the fertile soil layer. But also a wide variety of mixtures of soil with any other nutrient elements, such as peat, mineral fertilizers, trace elements, and others, also represent high fertility plant soil. Most of the vegetable soil is used to restore the fertile properties of depleted soil. Peat and peat-based soils are already self-sufficient quality helpers in restoring the fertile soil functions. Moreover, by purchasing vegetable soil from us, you guarantee yourself high quality fertilizer properties. Peat - 60-70%, Soil - 30-40%.

Fertile soil (top layer) is ordinary soil mixed with any other soil layers. For example, when a new section is being developed in a sand pit, the upper layers of soil or the so-called sandy soil are cut off to reach pure layers of sand. Fertile soil is not very expensive compared to its counterparts and is very actively used for preliminary improvement or leveling of land before subsequent landscaping.

Chernozem is high fertile soil. Chernozem has a granular-cloddy structure and black color. Chernozem is formed by perennial herbaceous vegetation in the steppe and forest-steppe zones and is considered the best soil for agriculture. The differences of chernozems include: good water-air properties, acid reaction is neutral or close to it. There is a lot of humus in chernozems (up to 15 percent in the upper horizons). The method of using chernozem is the same as the use of peat and peat mixtures. When mixed with sand, heavy loamy chernozem forms an optimal fertile layer rich in nutrients.