How to properly roof a balcony. Roof over the top floor balcony. Making an independent visor

This problem occupies many residents apartment buildings. In most cases, the reinforced concrete canopy over the balcony, which was originally installed, does not protect against precipitation or sliding snow. About what types of roofs for balconies last floor exist and how to independently mount a suitable design, and will be discussed in this article.

It should be noted that any "squatter" outside the apartment, the local administration or service company may protest and require dismantling for a number of reasons. One of the most common - Negative influence to the general appearance of the building. And this is supported by relevant regulations.

The conclusion is simple - in order to avoid any conflicts with the authorities, it is advisable to focus on the last floors of your own and neighboring houses. It is possible that no one will pay attention to the mounted balcony roof. And if? Given our weak legal literacy, it is unlikely that anything will be proved. Especially when the claims are well founded.

Roof construction options

When choosing a particular engineering solution it is necessary to take into account the specifics of operation and further design of the balcony. First of all - its glazing is provided or not.

Independent

Such roofs received such a name due to the lack of vertical supports(racks). In some cases, consoles that increase the strength of the structure slightly. Simply put, this is nothing more than a light, visor that is “fastened” to the wall of the house above the balcony in one line. For the last floor, despite the cost-effectiveness of such a solution, it is not an option. The main reason is the unreliability of the design. It is unlikely that she will be able to withstand the weight of a large layer of snow.

An independent roof on the top floor can only be mounted in two cases: in the absence of snowy winters and over small balconies, with a small extension (these are still found in some old houses). But here there is a nuance - what about the windage of the entire structure? It turns out that this factor is an additional restriction for the balcony if the wind rose at the location of the building is unfavorable in this regard. For example, in microdistricts, where a kind of “corridor” is formed between the opposite houses.

• Plus - ease of installation at minimal cost.

• The downside is the limited choice of materials.

dependent

There are 2 modifications of such a balcony roof - with additional supports that are diagonally attached to the wall, and with vertical posts.

The latter option will cost a little more, so it is chosen for balconies that are planned to be glazed.

• Plus - a balcony with such a roof can be turned into a full-fledged room. For example, to insulate, equip (conduct light, and so on). The dependent roof is suitable for any balconies, regardless of their size.

• Minus - the installation technology is somewhat more complicated, and the costs will be large.

This is a general categorization of roofs. There are many options for actual execution, since each owner focuses mainly on the cost of materials and the ability to work with them. And independently - cut, fasten.

It is unrealistic to take into account all the features of a particular house and balcony, therefore the author considers it more useful to give only general comments on the choice of materials and the main technological stages roof installation. To the reader, who is able to do all the work on his own, several practical advice will be quite enough. And then - his personal choice.

What materials to use for the roof

Wood

The advantages are obvious - the cheapness of blanks and ease of processing. No other tool other than a household one will be needed. But taking into account the fact that the structure is installed outside the building, it is impossible to discount the influence of humidity, ultraviolet radiation and temperature fluctuations. It is this that nullifies all the advantages of the material. If wood-based blanks are used, then only as a continuous crate for the roof of the balcony roof. But here it is necessary to take into account the factor of dampness. Most suitable option– plywood is moisture resistant. If you install chipboard, OSV, then the plates should first be painted with the appropriate composition (not water-based). And take into account the total weight of the structure.

When connecting blanks, you need to understand that the roof will constantly experience wind load. Therefore, nails (self-tapping screws, bolts) alone will not be enough. The method of gluing wooden elements is not suitable in principle. You need to use different additional elements reinforcements - corners, plates and the like.

Metallic profile

Since it is supposed to connect individual samples, their fixation on the base, in the future - fastening roofing material, That best option- pipe. Only not with a round profile, but with a section in the form of a square or rectangle.

Steel is characterized by significant weight. Its strength is known, so it is suitable in any case. If there is a choice, then pipes made of "duralumin" are much better. Light weight and resistance to corrosion are undeniable advantages. But at the same time, you need to focus on the method of assembling the balcony roof frame. It will not be possible to weld a one-piece structure from such light pipes - only screw (bolted) connections.

When buying profile metal products, you need to pay attention to the wall thickness. The thinner it is (within reasonable limits), the less the roof frame will weigh.

Polycarbonate

In every way best material. Affordable price, light weight, easy cutting. But keep in mind that we are talking about the balcony of the last floor. Therefore, you only need to choose . If monolithic sheets are used for the roof, and even for a balcony with glazing, then it will have an excess of both light and heat. There is only one limitation for polycarbonate - if you need high-quality insulation of the room, with the laying of thermal insulation material on the ceiling, it is better to choose something else.

profiled sheet

The only drawback when used as a roof covering is poor sound absorption. Literally everything will be heard - the sound of raindrops, birds that have sat on the roof. In terms of the cost of 1 m2 of products, such a roof will be inexpensive. Given the small size, you can choose a metal profile of any category - H, HC, C.

With regard to the roof above the balcony, in some cases, other options can be considered - shingles, ondulin, slate or otherwise.

Mounting Features

According to what scheme to assemble the frame for the roof over the balcony is the work of the master. On the spot, it is not difficult for a person who is not the first to assemble any structure. But there are a number of features that should be noted.

Roof slope

You need to focus on the architecture of the house. If its roof is pitched, then above the balcony it is made at the same angle. And if it is straight, then the steepness is chosen independently. The ratio of 1 to 2.5 is considered optimal - the height of the visor to its width (protrusion). This ensures less windage of the roof and good conditions for spontaneous descent of snow crust.

wall mount

With any type of canopy, it is necessary to securely fix the supporting parts of the structure. Taking into account the specifics of operation, only one option is recommended - using. Moreover, regardless of the material from which the house is built - reinforced concrete or brick. Any other fasteners with pre-installed dowels are not suitable in this case.

See step by step video for the installation of the roof on the balcony:

Roof insulation

Done if she is addicted. What and how? There are many options. Since in most cases the ceiling on the balcony is sewn up with clapboard or PVC panels, then the most suitable material is . Mineral wool absorbs moisture to some extent, and it should not be used on the top floor.

A good owner will correctly compose the scheme, and select the appropriate tool. The author hopes that a few illustrations will make it easier to choose the most appropriate engineering solution.

Good luck in building a roof over the balcony!

In the climatic conditions of Russia, there is often a problem of warming housing, because the houses of the old housing stock, as a rule, freeze through in winter, and bearing walls do not contain insulating layers. One of important elements insulation of the house and the acquisition of several additional square meters of area is the balcony and its roof.

Roof to balcony

This problem is especially relevant for the inhabitants of the last floor, since atmospheric precipitation falling on an unprotected balcony leads to corrosion of metal elements and destruction of concrete structures. The balconies of the intermediate floors are protected to some extent by the balconies above. However, you can also cover the balconies of the intermediate floors with a roof, this will protect both from precipitation and unwanted insolation, and also close the unnecessary view of your balcony from the upper floors.

Being under a covered balcony, a person will be well protected from serious injury by falling icicles or broken pieces of concrete structures.

Installing a roof on a balcony is a very complicated operation and can hardly be carried out handicraft and alone. This action requires the involvement of special equipment or climbing specialists with climbing equipment. First of all, you need to get permission to redevelop the appearance of the house, coordinate the design of your roof at the BTI and get documentation from the architectural and planning department of the district, get a positive decision from the Housing Inspectorate.

Unauthorized redevelopment can become the object of unpleasant litigation, and you may be ordered by court to return the balcony to its original form and no one will reimburse you for the costs incurred to install the roof.

Installation of the roof on the loggia (video)

Two types of balcony roof

Glazing and covering a balcony is a routine operation that requires certain knowledge and skills.

The roof of the balcony is of two types:

• independent design, based on spars and stiffeners of the frame from a corner or I-beams. Welded frame, mounted on an external wall. As a rule, such a roof must be reinforced with oblique supports, which are also attached to the wall with dowels or anchor screws. This is a heavy and expensive construction, it is the only option if there is no glazing of the balcony as a whole (for example, you want to sunbathe and grow plants on this balcony). If your balcony is very long, then an independent type balcony roof allows you to use only lightweight non-metal roofing materials. This design has a high windage, therefore, with a strong wind and the absence of glazing, the roof may collapse.
• dependent construction, based on longitudinal logs and beams of the glazing frame. It is believed that this is a cheaper option than the independent variety, since, of course, it does not require its own supporting frame. Its reliability is even less than that of a dependent design, and it can only be used for glazed balconies.

Roofing materials

Currently, there are many materials for the manufacture of roofing, with a variety of strength, aesthetic, performance and price characteristics.

To cover the balcony are most often used:

• Decking. The material is galvanized steel sheet, corrugated. It is the most durable and inexpensive material, especially corrugated board. The surface relief acts as stiffeners, which allows such a roof to withstand significant gusts of wind and masses of snow. The disadvantages of corrugated board are the tendency to corrosion, the inevitable roar and tinkling when the wind swings.
• Cellular polycarbonate. Flexible, chemically inert, beautiful and practical material. Does not break even after prolonged exposure sun rays, impact resistant, lightweight.
• Ondulin. Imitating the surface of expensive ceramic tiles (which are not actually used for balcony roofs), it is a soft material that requires additional fixing. Ondulin does not withstand blows, so it must be placed on a rigid base.
• Tempered glass panes. The most expensive option, however, is very beautiful and spectacular, the roof is shiny, openwork, almost transparent.

Wall preparation and frame installation

Very few dare to make a frame and a roof with their own hands. Qualified specialists can make almost any balcony with a roof, knowing full well the sequence and essence of operations. The roof of the balcony can be done with your own hands in case of mastery of the situation.

The main technological points of work are as follows:

• Design. It is necessary to determine the type of construction, make a welded frame. For it, a corner of at least 70 mm is used, the slope must be made at least 40 degrees to the horizon so that the snow easily slides off your roof, and the birds cannot stay on it, scratching the roof. In general, the frames must be made at a distance of at least 1 meter so that the frame has the necessary rigidity.
• Frame fastening. The roof frame for the balcony is attached to anchor screws with a depth of at least 80 mm. A crate of wooden beams impregnated with an antiseptic composition is laid directly on it.
• Glazing. After that, the frame for glazing is formed and frames with double-glazed windows are installed.
• Roof laying. The roof is laid, attaching to the crate with special screws.

The joint between the roof and the wall of the house is sealed from the outside and from the inside with silicone sealant.

roof maintenance

In principle, today the task of expanding the living space due to the insulation and glazing of the balcony is no longer set, as it was in the 1990s. Maintaining a roof in proper condition is just a regular inspection of your balcony with a roof, timely detection of depressurization and roof defects, and their immediate elimination. In summer, on the south side, the roof can heat up significantly, and this can increase the air temperature in the apartment.

Thus, the roof on the balcony of the last floor is the work of the owner of the apartment, although in some projects new buildings are already equipped with covered and glazed balconies, which are essentially winter gardens. A balcony with a roof looks much more comfortable, the roof protects a person from precipitation, prying eyes, falling objects and solar radiation. A properly made roof to a balcony lasts for decades and can only be damaged in exceptional cases.

A roofless balcony on the top floor of a house is an unreliable structure. Snow and moisture from the atmosphere will fall on it, destroying the foundation of the building and other Construction Materials. To perform full-fledged glazing and close the interior of the loggia, it is necessary to equip it with a roof. This article will discuss how to make a roof on a balcony and choose the best material for its design.

Sometimes it is not enough just to glaze the balcony space. Roofs on the last floor, which you or a construction company can equip on a balcony, are divided into dependent and independent. Each design is characterized by some features, has pluses and minuses. To figure out how to make a roof on a balcony, you need to take into account its type.

Advantages and disadvantages

Dependent roofs

To prevent snow from entering the interior of the loggia, it is often equipped with a dependent structure. It is a structure connected directly to the upper part of the wall, based on glazing and frames, vertical posts. Snow accumulates on the outer surface of the structure, but does not get inside.

This design has the following advantages:

The roof on the balcony may well be transparent

The disadvantages of a dependent roof include increased complexity its installation and a large number of consumable building materials that you have to use.

If a dependent roof is installed above the loggia, then you need to take care of high-quality waterproofing.

independent roofs

The company most often equips a balcony with a removal with roofs of an independent type. They are structures that are attached only to the outer walls of the building, and the self-supporting frame is a triangular truss made of durable metal.

An example of an independent roof device diagram

Canopies are used as an additional design of independent elements on the top floor. Through them, snow will not get inside the balcony structure.

The designed balcony with an extension and an independent roof has important advantages:

Independent structures on any floor have some disadvantages that should be taken into account during repair and installation:

• An independent structure will only be reliable and durable if it is installed on a narrow balcony;
• The materials with which the roof will be carried out must be light, otherwise the created structure will not withstand the additional weight;
• Subsequent glazing of the loggia and its insulation (cladding thermal insulation materials) will cause some difficulties. For these works, it is better to call a specialist.

Materials and equipment

Decking is an inexpensive but durable roofing material.

Roofing and glazing of the balcony space can only be carried out when you have a complete set of equipment and relevant building materials.

To prevent snow from falling on the perimeter of the balcony, the roof should be constructed from high-quality and practical materials. Glazing, awnings, canopies will be additional protection from external influences.

The modern building materials market offers a wide range of roofing products. To make it easier for customers to make a choice, they are divided into several groups.

Roofs, canopies for loggias are made from all kinds of steel sheets that perfectly hold snow - laminated, galvanized, metal tiles, profiled flooring.

Corrugated steel roofing sheets will protect the balcony from corrosion

High-quality corrugated board is the most popular product for decorating canopies. It has an affordable cost, withstands large volumes of snow and strong wind loads due to its rigidity.

The profiled flooring is not subject to corrosion, fireproof and has excellent aesthetic characteristics. A wide range of colors will help you choose the right shade of corrugated roofing, which will complement reliable glazing.

The metal tile has a small specific gravity, increased resistance to weathering and temperature extremes. This material is also preferred because it has grace and beauty. appearance. The metal tile perfectly complements the balcony with the removal, will keep snow and rainwater.

Soft roofing materials

Among these materials, builders prefer flexible tiles, bitumen, ondulin. To decorate the top of the loggia with soft flooring, you will have to take care of creating an additional rigid frame.

An example of the best arrangement of the roof over the balcony

But such a design will reliably hold snow, make it possible to insulate the roof with high quality, equip it with electric lighting and quickly glaze the window space. Also, flexible and soft roofing products provide additional heat and sound insulation, do not heat up in the open sun and have an affordable price.

Transparent coatings and materials

Polycarbonate - ideal for arranging a transparent roof

Modern and functional polycarbonate sheets (monolithic or cellular) are used to decorate panoramic roofs. The building will be durable, stylish, but cold. To insulate the loggia at the expense of the roof, builders use glass packages tempered using a special technology.

This option will combine all the most important advantages - reliability, the ability to transmit light, durability and full insulation of the balcony space. But the cost of work and consumables will be much more. After the hinged structure must be glazed.

Wiring diagram cellular polycarbonate

In order to complete the design of the upper part of the loggia and subsequent glazing, you will need the following materials, tools and equipment:

• support trusses made of size 60 angles, pre-welded;
• profiled sheets;
• anchors and bolts (length 10 cm), screws with inserts;
• wooden bars for preliminary lathing;
• mounting foam, sealant;
• scissors or a special hacksaw for metal;
• cement compound.

Polycarbonate is a very durable material, but a roof made of it will let cold air through to the balcony.

Do-it-yourself roof installation

Installation consists of a number of successive steps:

A beautiful roof can become a decorative element of the entire facade of the house.

1. Installation on the walls of corner trusses made of metal. It is important to observe a certain distance between the elements - no more than 70 cm. Use anchor bolts for this;
2. Arrangement of the structure of the crate. For this, builders recommend using wooden bars. So that the tree does not absorb moisture and does not rot, it is treated with an antiseptic composition;
3. It is very important to cut the corrugated sheets correctly and evenly. You will need scissors or a hacksaw. It is better not to use a grinder, as it will damage the edges of the sheet elements;
4. Sheathing of the facing structure with metal sheets. At this stage, screws with gaskets are used;
5. All gaps formed must be carefully blown out with foam or sealant;
6. If you plan to perform glazing, then install antiseptic-treated bars along the edges of the roofing material;
7. The final stage is to glaze the balcony space with double-glazed windows or wooden frames.

Video

You can watch a video that shows how to properly install a roof on a loggia.