Why is vitamin e useful for children? Vitamin A and E for children: properties, features and instructions for the use of drops and capsules. Indications for appointment

Tocopherol (vitamin E) belongs to the group of components responsible for the proper assimilation of proteins that a child needs for the normal development of the bone and muscle system, and the formation of immunity. Vitamin E in drops for newborns has an antioxidant function - it protects organ cells from toxins, regulates metabolism and maintains the level of red blood cells in the blood.

Specialists of the Daughters-Sonochki online market will talk about the role of vitamins in the development of children, as well as introduce them to the range of baby food enriched with useful vitamin components.

For future mother tocopherol is indicated for administration in capsules containing 100, 200 or 400 mg of a clear yellowish oil. Only born children are offered the component exclusively in drops. How many drops of vitamin E a newborn needs depends on the characteristics of the body of a particular child. On average, the daily requirement is 3-4 IU. The dosage is minimal, which gives a reason to refuse the daily use of the supplement.

How is vitamin E administered to newborns? The instruction manual looks like this:

it is enough to enter 1 mg of the drug per month;
the drug is administered orally;
given to the baby in a teaspoon with boiled water;
taken in the morning.

Tocopherol stimulates the absorption of vitamin A, reduces the concentration of its toxicity. At the same time, vitamin E is inhibited by iron, so the drug should be taken at intervals of 2 hours from breast milk or iron-fortified formula.

How much vitamin E is needed for newborns? Reviews

Parents in their reviews do not note the positive effect of tocopherol on the child's body, since the benefits of it are the normal development of the child in the long term. An additional need for vitamin E appears only when symptoms of the disease are detected, for example, hemolytic anemia. The disease is caused by the breakdown of erythrocytes (red blood cells) as a result of a lack of tocopherol.

Vitamin E provides the baby with normal growth and development, it protects the baby's cells from toxins. In addition, vitamin E prescribed by a pediatrician allows you to:

maintain the tone of the baby;
avoid anemia;
develop vision;
strengthen the heart muscle, the walls of blood vessels;
support nerve cells;
improve the metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates.

Body system Vitamin function Beneficial effects Table 1. The benefits of vitamin E for the body of a newborn

Circulatory organs	Prevents the breakdown of red blood cells; oxygenates the blood	Prevention of anemia; strengthening of blood vessels
Musculoskeletal	Protects cells of bone, muscle tissues from various kinds of influences	Support for muscle tone; normal bone formation
Endocrine	Promotes the absorption of proteins, vitamin A; suppresses toxic effects on the body; speeds up metabolism	Correct (fast) weight gain; regulation of hormone levels
immune	Provides an immune response	Helps the child's weakened body in the fight against viruses and microbes.

The baby receives a certain part of the required dose of tocopherol through the placenta during the mother's pregnancy. Premature babies and babies with insufficient body weight are deficient in this substance, so the doctor prescribes vitamin E for them.

After several doses of vitamin E in infants, metabolism improves, weight gain and a strengthened immune system are observed.

Newborns need vitamin E to rational use the body of proteins in the construction of bone and muscle tissue. The regulation of metabolism and the removal of toxins with the help of tocopherol favorably affects the tone of the baby and its development.

The pediatrician should prescribe an additional dose of the drug after carrying out the appropriate tests. Reviews of children's doctors make it clear that vitamin E deficiency can lead to anemia, a delay in physiological development, and a general violation of the child's tone.

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The Importance of Vitamin E for Children

Vitamin E is a group of fat-soluble substances. The main goal in the body is to neutralize free radicals. In comparison with others beneficial substances, vitamin E is not a very powerful antioxidant, but it has other beneficial features involved in the development of the child's body. Science has given several names to vitamin E. 8 natural forms of this substance have also been identified. The leading groups are tocopherols and tocotrienols. They can be isolated from natural substances, and they can be obtained synthetically. Synthetically derived vitamins on sale can be found most often and affordable price, but the natural component is two to four times more expensive than the synthetic one. Tocopherol can be found as an additive to some other drugs, since research is now underway on the use of tocopherol in pure form. Both tocopherols and tocotrienols have various properties and have different effects on the body. This means that all types of vitamin E are the same in structure, but not the same in their effect. The most active form is alpha-tocopherol.

Beneficial features

Vitamin E for children is characterized by a number of useful properties. This substance acts in the mitochondria, that is, deeper than at the cellular level. Vitamin E is a component of the cell membrane and protects it from oxidation. Also, the substance has a positive effect on red blood cells, ensuring their easy permeability through blood vessels and capillaries. This allows the erythrocytes not to stick together and not remain on the walls of blood vessels. Tocopherol is useful for relaxing vascular muscles and expanding them. It affects the proper development of a child up to a year nervous system, muscle system, liver and other organs. In addition to the listed properties, we note that tocopherol strengthens the immune system, protects the body from infections, improves the regenerative ability of tissues, takes part in the production of hormones, reduces body fatigue, ensures normal blood clotting, normalizes blood sugar levels. This is especially true for a child with diabetes.

Sources of Vitamin E

Children up to a year and older need vitamin E every day, since about 70% of this substance is excreted from the body every day. You can get tocopherol in the form of capsules from a pharmacy, as well as by eating certain foods. The sources are primarily vegetable oils. A significant part is found in sunflower seeds, apples, this vitamin is also in nuts. A small amount is found in milk and egg yolk, but the most vitamin-rich vegetables are spinach and broccoli. The invariable leader among products of animal origin is the liver and fillet of fish of the salmon family.

The body's need

Speaking about taking a fortified drug, it is worth noting that doctors give various tips on the use of tocopherol. Some doctors believe that children under 12 should not be given encapsulated vitamin E. They get this substance in sufficient quantities from food. However, there are dosage and instructions for use by which you can determine whether the child receives enough tocopherol, or whether there is a need to adjust his diet by adding necessary products. So, for children under 1 year old, the daily requirement of vitamin E is from 3 to 5 milligrams, children from 1 to 6 years old need 5-7 milligrams, and school-age children should receive 10-15 milligrams of this valuable substance. The child begins to receive tocopherol while still in the womb. About seventy percent of it is retained by the placenta, and the remaining thirty goes to the fetus. After birth, infants receive it with mother's milk, and most of all tocopherol is found in colostrum. If the child was born full-term, up to 5 milligrams per day is enough for him, if his mass is insufficient, then the dosage increases to 9 milligrams. Babies who are on breastfeeding, receive the substance in sufficient quantities from the mother, and children who are bottle-fed should receive in fortified milk mixtures. Young mothers should not independently give drugs to children under one year old, even if there is an instruction for use. The consequence of improper intake can be a severe overdose. Only a pediatrician, when examining a child, can suspect a lack of a substance, followed by confirmation by laboratory tests.

Application features

Vitamin E is prescribed for frequently ill children, since it is one of the components of the antioxidant group. The substance helps to increase immunity, to cope with the body with various stresses. Tocopherol also improves the action of other vitamins in the body, in particular A and C. Before giving a child up to a year of vitamin E, you should consult a pediatrician. Doctors advise it for increased fatigue, scleroderma, insufficient weight gain and other diseases. Usually, children under one year of age are rarely prescribed a vitamin, tk. possible overdose. The substance should not be taken together with iron preparations. Instructions for use indicate that tocopherol destroys iron, so more than eight hours should pass between taking these drugs. Note that tocopherol of natural origin is twice as active as a vitamin synthesized by the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, it is better for children to provide a daily dose of vitamin with food than with drugs from a pharmacy. The drug must be stored in a place protected from sunlight. If vitamin E is obtained from natural products, it must be remembered that 55% of the substance is destroyed during heat treatment.

Overdose

The use of tocopherol in excess of the norm in most cases passes without tangible consequences. If the body is healthy, then the child does not feel negative sensations and the overdose passes without a trace. The vitamin is excreted from the body with feces and urine. If the overdose is prolonged, adverse reactions of the body to elevated level substances. These reactions include: increased blood pressure, frequent bleeding, impaired coagulation. If the dosage was exceeded once, then stomach pain, nausea, and diarrhea are possible. In view of such side effects doctors do not recommend taking this vitamin to children, they have an increased sensitivity to tocopherol, heart disease, pathology of the coagulation system. There is no specific treatment for the diagnosis of tocopherol overdose. In order to alleviate the condition of the child, it is necessary to refuse to take the drug, and then remove the unpleasant symptoms. It may be necessary to hospitalize the child in the intensive care unit, where he will be given plasma-substituting solutions, lower blood pressure, and prescribe drugs that protect liver cells.

It is important to remember that an overdose of any drug gives negative effect more than its disadvantage.

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Vitamins d and e for babies: how to give them correctly?

Vitamin E for infants is prescribed if the baby is born prematurely. Tocopherol is additionally prescribed for weakened babies with a lack of weight.

Every mother who has given birth asks the question, but is it necessary to give vitamins to babies? Here is a very interesting thing. Vitamins are a useful thing, especially if they come to the human body from natural products. However, it is difficult for a newborn child to provide all the necessary vitamin complex. A mother who is breastfeeding should have a very balanced and good food to provide your child with everything they need.

What about vitamin D? After all, the greatest amount of it is produced in the body under the influence of the rays of the sun. This vitamin is vital for a small organism that is actively forming and growing. Suffer from a lack of vitamin D, especially small children who were born in autumn or winter period when you can hardly see the sun in the sky.

But make no mistake, summer kids get enough of it. Vitamin D is produced when exposed to direct sun rays, and for very young children this is a contraindication. It will be useful to take a walk before eleven o'clock in the morning or after four in the evening, otherwise the direct rays of the sun can have a detrimental effect on the child. Therefore, at the beginning of life, vitamin D for infants is a necessity.

Vitamin D deficiency in infants can cause classic D-deficient rickets. This pathology can provoke a violation of the metabolic processes of calcium and phosphorus. This problem can be observed in children as young as two or three months. And also observed in premature and children who are bottle-fed. This vitamin will provide easy absorption of calcium, which is responsible for strengthening and growth. bone tissue. In case of deficiency of the calcium element, there is a violation in the normal functioning of the nervous system, as well as thinning and softening of the bones.

In the presence of the signs described below, parents should understand that the child begins the active development of rickets:

The kid changes his behavior drastically. Begins to cry and get frightened often;

When the child eats, there is increased sweating, which also manifests itself during sleep;

Rashes occur in the back of the head, hair begins to fall out, and due to severe itching, the child begins to constantly rub his head against the pillow.

Also, with a long lack of vitamin in a child in such a situation, muscle weakness is noted. Violation of the musculoskeletal system is manifested in the fact that the child begins to perform actions with a delay, such as turning over on his stomach, walking, etc. The child has frequent constipation and diarrhea, and the stomach enlarges. Further changes provoke various pathologies in a small child, among which the following is noted: the head increases in size, the back of the head becomes flat, a bulge of the forehead is observed, the ribs thicken, the legs are crooked, separate areas of softened bones are found, etc.

It is forbidden to give vitamins for babies on their own initiative. This requires a doctor's recommendation. The pediatrician, according to the analyzes received and after examining the child, draws conclusions and prescribes vitamin preparations.

For prophylactic use, in order to avoid rickets, a pediatrician usually prescribes taking vitamin D. For a child's body, the daily rate that determines the norm is five hundred IU, which is quite enough for a growing organism. Vitamin for babies is available in two forms - a water-based solution and an oil solution.

It is believed that, nevertheless, aqueous drops of vitamin D are absorbed by the body much better, such drugs include Aquadetrim. They are less toxic for such a small crumb. They note the greater effectiveness of vitamin D3 preparations, which stimulates the production of its own vitamin D in the body. In order to carry out prevention, the child can be given vitamin throughout all the cold months. If an increased dose, the so-called therapeutic dose, is prescribed, then after taking the vitamin for three weeks, it is necessary to maintain a pause of six days. In the event that the child is on artificial feeding, which is no exception for taking the drug, the pediatrician should set the dose after the next examination of the baby.

How to give vitamin D to a baby should also be explained by a pediatrician. If for some reason this moment was missed, the following scheme should be followed: the vitamin should be given in the afternoon, when the child eats. For babies, a drop is applied to the tongue, and for children who are already eating from a spoon, you can dilute a drop of medicine in a spoon with water.

Parents should be aware that vitamins can be dangerous if their normal dosage is not controlled. With an excess of much-needed vitamin D, calcium salts accumulate in the blood, and this leads to inevitable poisoning of the body. Some people develop sensitivity to this drug, so parents are encouraged to test their child's tolerance beforehand. With the onset of intoxication, the child has a loss of appetite, sleep disturbances, diarrhea, breathing becomes difficult, the skin becomes less elastic and the pulse becomes less frequent. If these symptoms are detected, you just need to stop giving the child a drug based on vitamin D.

The child will be healthy if the parents carefully monitor this. While growing, the baby should receive everything necessary for its full development, including vitamin D.

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Vitamin A and E for children: properties, features and instructions for the use of drops and capsules

Vitamins A and E are necessary for our body, especially children need them. Retinol (the name of vitamin A) takes part in the development of the baby even before his birth - it contributes to strong immunity, helps the placenta grow with the fetus and sets up the proper functioning of the mother's internal organs. It is produced from beta-carotene in the small intestine. Vitamin E (tocopherol) takes care of cell regeneration, helps relieve inflammation of tissues and organs. This antioxidant is good for the heart and essential for the muscles. Tocopherol is fat-soluble, its main reserves are in the adipose tissue of our body.

Vitamins A and E are necessary for the child during the gestation period

To understand exactly why a child needs vitamins A and E, it is worth considering their properties in more detail. In addition, we will find out which products contain enough of these substances, how to use them correctly in order to increase efficiency.

Benefits of Vitamin A

promotes good vision;
restores the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, stomach, intestines;
takes part in the activation of bone growth;
normalizes the work of digestion;
supports immunity, reduces the likelihood of viral diseases;
necessary as a stimulant and regulator of hormonal activity of the body.

You can maintain the right balance of vitamin A in the body if you regularly eat foods in which it is present. The list is quite long:

vegetables: carrots, pumpkin, broccoli, sorrel, celery, tomatoes;
fruits: oranges, tangerines, mangoes, apricots;
dairy products: cream, milk, sour cream, cottage cheese, cheese and butter;
liver - cod, beef, chicken, pork;
caviar chum salmon;
fish fat.

Vitamin A can be found in a wide variety of foods

Important: during the heat treatment of products, almost 15% of this substance is removed from them. To enhance the digestibility of the remaining part, it is advisable to add foods rich in vitamin E to meals.

Benefits of Vitamin E

Tocopherol capsules are often prescribed to women, especially during pregnancy, but babies also need it. Along with ascorbic acid, this substance helps the body to quickly cope with viral diseases, colds. The drug is prescribed as an immunomodulating agent, and is also used as part of therapy aimed at increasing the body weight of infants, whose weight is below standard indicators.

If you exceed the norm, side effects are possible:

nausea, vomiting;
diarrhea;
headache and loss of strength;
hormonal changes;
drop in vision.

However, with a competent approach, this substance will not cause health problems. To replenish the reserves of vitamin E in the body, without worrying about taking a capsule or tablet regularly, you can introduce the following foods into your diet:

apricots - fresh and dried, sea buckthorn, wild rose;
fish: herring, salmon, pike perch;
beef and beef liver;
nuts and legumes;
eggs;
milk, sour cream;
unrefined vegetable oil;
germinated grains of wheat or other cereals.

If you constantly use the recommended products, you can not take vitamin E in a synthetic form.

Like retinol, this substance is only partially resistant to heat treatment, and in the finished dish it is much less than in raw. There is even less tocopherol in products that have been stored for a long time, since it disappears under the influence of light and air.

Application rules

According to the latest research by scientists, it is very difficult for a modern child to be fully provided with vitamins, if you rely only on a balanced diet. A balanced menu at first glance can eventually lead to a deficiency of nutrients by 20 or even 30%.

It is possible to provide the child's body with the necessary amount of vitamins A and E with the help of pharmaceutical products. However, it is important to understand that children's drugs differ from "adult" dosage. The release form does not matter - you can use vitamins in drops, in the form of tablets, in capsules. Usually, the manufacturer supplies children's drugs with a special dispenser - a pipette, a measuring spoon, so measuring the right amount is easy.

When and how is it better to offer vitamins to a child, what dose can be given to a child, depending on his age? Almost any vitamins are more efficiently absorbed before 2 pm - after waking up, the metabolism is most active. If we are talking about babies, drops can be given to the child along with milk during the morning or afternoon feeding.

With the help of a dispenser, measuring the right dose of vitamins is very simple.

Vitamin A

Different manufacturers use various units calculation - milligrams, micrograms or MO (international units). The table shows all options for the standard dose of the drug in relation to the age of the baby. However, the pediatrician may prescribe a different dosage option and a different dosage - prophylactic or therapeutic. In this case, parents are required to study the instructions for use before starting therapy.

Vitamin E

Tocopherol can be given to newborns - it is sold not only in capsules, but also in an oil solution. Up to ½ year, the dose of this drug is 5 drops (3 milligrams) once a day. Older children should already be given 4 milligrams. This portion remains relevant until the baby reaches 2-3 years. Pediatricians recommend taking this vitamin before meals.

Vitamin E oil solution can also be given to newborns

Vitamin E for children is sometimes available as a chewable lozenge or capsule. The latter are suitable for preschoolers who can already easily swallow the capsule.

What threatens the lack of vitamins?

Vitamin deficiency or hypovitaminosis is a dangerous condition for the child's body. It occurs infrequently, but you need to be able to notice atypical manifestations of the baby's behavior and contact a specialist in time. What is missing in the child's body? What symptoms may indicate hypovitaminosis of vitamins A and E? Let's take a closer look at these signs and how to determine them.

Vitamin A deficiency

Retinol can be stored in tissues - with non-systematic intake, the body will independently adjust its balance. Sometimes the lack of this substance is so significant that the body begins to signal a problem. Vitamin A is necessary for children, you can make sure that the child does not receive enough of it by some signs:

The baby's height and weight are below normal.
The child is often sick, at risk are the upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract.
The skin is dry, flaky, cracks on the heels are possible. Inflamed skin areas appear on the abdomen, knees, buttocks, the baby complains of itching.

Baby's dry skin may be due to vitamin A deficiency

Hair becomes dry, does not shine and falls out.
The mucous membranes (mouth, inner surfaces of the eyelids, nasal passages) look unhealthy - erosions, abscesses appear.
violated right job lacrimal canals, a “dry eye syndrome” appears - the shine disappears, the eyes itch and bake. Frequent eye infections, particularly conjunctivitis, are possible. In early infancy, vitamin A deficiency can cost the baby vision - the cornea becomes thinner, which leads to perforation of the eyeball.

Usually, retinol is necessarily prescribed only to those children who are often sick and lag behind in development. In other cases, the recommendations of the doctor may be different.

Vitamin E deficiency

Vitamin E is mandatory for use by a child only if there is an indication. Usually, the pediatrician prescribes a series of examinations: blood tests, urine tests, which will most accurately highlight the problem. This is necessary, since external symptoms - dry skin, poor sleep and appetite, increased excitability, may indicate both a lack of this vitamin and hypovitaminosis in general.

Poor appetite in a child may be associated with vitamin E deficiency

Before giving recommendations, a good doctor will ask parents questions about the circumstances of the birth of the child - whether he was full-term, whether there were any birth complications. If in front of him is a baby up to a year old, the pediatrician will find out whether the baby is breastfed or artificially fed, and will also check the degree of maturity of the fontanel. Some drugs contribute to the rapid closure of the opening in the skull in children, which is not always desirable. Besides, important factors are:

body weight of the child;
the likelihood of anemia;
genetic blood diseases;
eye diseases;
other individual characteristics of a small patient.

Pediatricians say that a baby is fully provided with vitamin E from mother's milk. However, a nursing woman should pay special attention to her diet - make sure that her menu is varied and balanced. Artificial mixtures are also enriched with vitamins necessary for the proper development of the baby. Usually it is only necessary to revise the nutrition of the mother and child in order to protect the baby from possible hypovitaminosis.

If the doctor decides to prescribe vitamin E, he should warn about the peculiarities of taking this drug. In particular, the medication should not be taken together with iron-containing agents, otherwise none of them will fulfill their function. It is necessary to withstand a gap of 2 hours between taking one and the other.

If the mother eats properly, breast milk covers the deficiency of all vitamins.

Is there an overage?

In rare cases, hypervitaminosis can occur, especially if vitamins are taken uncontrollably. Why is this condition dangerous and what are its characteristics? An excess of retinol (vitamin A) can cause quite dangerous symptoms:

hydrocephalus (an increase in the size of the skull due to the accumulation of fluid);
swelling of the fontanel, as well as its pulsation;
nausea, increased urination, rash and sweating.

Hypervitaminosis E is characterized general weakness, dizziness and nausea. In addition, other symptoms are possible:

retinal hemorrhage;
diarrhea;
decreased immunity;
increased blood pressure;
disruption of the nervous system.

As you can see, the lack of vitamins A and E is as dangerous as their excess. The question of additional medication should be decided only with the doctor. It is the specialist who will tell whether the child needs to undergo a course of treatment and what is the optimal dosage of the vitamin. Remember that good parents have a responsibility to make informed decisions about their child's health.

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For normal growth and development children's body you need to get a certain amount of vitamins and minerals daily. Retinol (vitamin A) and tocopherol (vitamin E) play a special role in this process. With a deficiency of these substances, not only the quality of life of the child worsens, but also the immunity is significantly reduced, and there is also a significant lag in growth and development. You can cope with their shortage by adjusting the baby's diet and supplementing it with pharmaceutical preparations containing vitamins A and E.

The benefits of vitamins A and E for the child's body

Why does a child need retinol? This vitamin affects:

Vitamin A for children is often recommended to be taken simultaneously with tocopherol. With this combination, retinol is absorbed by the child's body much better. However, the benefits of vitamin E do not end there. The main functions of tocopherol:

protection against viruses and infections, carried out at the cellular level;
normalization of the cardiovascular and endocrine systems;
participation in the formation and development of the nervous system.

Vitamin A and E deficiency symptoms

The main signs of a lack of retinol and tocopherol:

Instructions for the use of vitamin A for children

Forms of release and composition

Vitamin A is available in several dosage forms:

Features of admission, daily dosage by age

The daily requirement for vitamin A is:

0.5 mg - for babies of the first year of life;
1 mg - for preschoolers;
1.5 mg - for children over 7 years old, adolescents and adults.

Only a doctor can determine the degree of development of beriberi and calculate the required dosage of the drug, taking into account the age of the patient. The required therapeutic dose of retinol for children ranges from 0.3 mg to 6 mg per day. Vitamin is taken 10-15 minutes after eating.

self appoint this remedy not recommended, because there is a high risk of developing hypervitaminosis. In the absence of medical indications, it is allowed to take vitamin complexes in preventive purposes. Retinol is always present in their composition, and its dosage is safe for the baby.

Vitamin E

In what forms and with what composition is it realized?

Tocopherol is presented in the following forms:

How to take, how much vitamin E to give a child per day?

Every day, a baby needs about 4 mg of vitamin E, children under 10 years old need about 7 mg, and adolescents and adults need 10 mg for the normal functioning of the body. In breastfed babies, as a rule, the need for vitamin E is compensated by mother's milk. This substance is also present in infant formulas. Children of older age categories are recommended to take vitamin complexes in courses (2-4 times a year). They are optimally balanced with all the necessary vitamins and minerals and dosed according to the daily needs of a growing organism.

When the baby has a pronounced lack of tocopherol, the doctor should determine the required dose of the drug, taking into account the patient's condition, his age and the amount of fat he consumes.

According to the instructions for use, it is desirable to use vitamin E for children during or after meals, but it cannot be combined with iron preparations (a 2-hour interval is required).

Possible adverse reactions in a child and an overdose of vitamins A and E

Uncontrolled intake of large doses of vitamins leads to no less negative consequences than their lack. An overdose of retinol is fraught with:

an increase in body temperature;
the appearance of a rash;
lethargy;
digestive and stool disorders;
weight loss (with prolonged intake of high doses of vitamin A).

A single use of tocopherol in an amount significantly exceeding the daily norm, as a rule, does not have such a detrimental effect on the child's body. Healthy babies do not show adverse reactions, and excess substances are excreted in the urine and feces. With regular overdoses are possible:

Self-administration of vitamins A and E without consulting a doctor can lead to unwanted symptoms, such as:

allergic reactions;
chronic fatigue;
thrombus formation.

The best manufacturers of vitamins A and E

Each pharmacy has a wide selection of vitamins and vitamin complexes. Parents are confused in the names and cannot decide which drug to purchase for their child. The most popular and effective at the moment are the products produced by the following manufacturers:

Foods rich in vitamins A and E

Taking vitamin preparations is not always necessary for children. Sometimes, in order to cope with the lack of nutrients in the body, it is enough to include foods rich in vitamins A and E in the baby’s diet. Sources of retinol are:

fish fat;
liver (chicken, beef, lamb, pork, cod);
caviar of beluga and chum salmon;
egg yolk.

Tocopherol is found in:

vegetable oils (unrefined);
legumes;
nuts;
dried fruits, fruits, berries;
fish;
beef;
egg.

A fatty medium is required. Its storage location in the body is adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. It has many beneficial properties, of which the most significant is antioxidant. Thanks to tocopherol, cells are protected from the harmful effects of free radicals.

What else is a vitamin useful for:

improves immunity;
improves blood circulation and normalizes blood clotting;
normalizes the endocrine and reproductive systems;
increases the level of hemoglobin and the strength of blood vessels;
lowers blood pressure;
helps in the restoration and healing of tissues;
improves the functioning of the nervous and cardiovascular systems;
beneficial effect on the condition of muscle tissue, retina;
contributes to the favorable course of pregnancy;
has a positive effect on intrauterine development of the fetus.

Daily allowance for children

With age, the need for vitamin E changes. In premature or low birth weight newborns, as well as children with pathologies gastrointestinal tract, for example, with cystic fibrosis, the need for tocopherol increases.

Daily intake of vitamin E for children by age:

What is the danger of vitamin E deficiency

Vitamin E is indirectly related to the immune system. Its deficiency leads to a decrease in the protective functions of the body and susceptibility to viral, infectious and other diseases. Vitamin E deficiency is dangerous for newly born babies. May cause hemolytic anemia or retinal lesions. Adolescents need tocopherol for the proper development of the reproductive system. Vitamin deficiency causes acne on the face.

External signs of vitamin E deficiency are difficult to recognize. To diagnose hypovitaminosis, it is necessary to take blood and urine tests.

Common symptoms of vitamin E deficiency in children:

dry skin, brittle nails;
the child often suffers from infectious diseases;
sleep problems;
increased excitability;
poor appetite;
decrease in academic performance and mental abilities;
violations of coordination of movements;
weakness, malaise, increased fatigue;
vision problems.

Vitamin E in foods

You can make up for the lack of vitamin E with the help of certain foods. Most tocopherol is found in plant foods, but it is best absorbed from animal products.

Product category	Product	Vitamin E content (mg, per 100 g)
Vegetable oil	soybean	114
	corn	100
	Cotton	90
	Sunflower	67
	Linen	27
	Peanut	14
	olive	12
Cereals, legumes	Wheat grains (sprouted)	25
	oats	19
	Corn	10
	Peas	9
	Wheat	6,5
	Buckwheat	6
	Rye	5,3
	Beans	3,8
nuts	Almond	24,6
	Hazelnut	20,4
	Peanut	10,1
	pistachios	6
	Cashew	5,7
	Walnuts	2,6
Berries, dried fruits, herbs	Dried apricots	5,5
	Sea buckthorn	5
	Rose hip	3,8
	Spinach	2,5
	viburnum	2
	Sorrel	2
	Prunes	1,8
	Parsley	1,8
Animal products	squids	2,2
	Eggs	2
	Salmon	1,8
	Zander	1,8
	Liver	1,3
	Herring	1,2
	Beef	0,57
	Sour cream (30 percent)	0,55
	Pork	0,54
	Cottage cheese	0,38
	Cheese	0,3-0,5
	Milk	0,04-0,09

When to Take Vitamin E Supplements

Taking drugs with tocopherol is indicated for the following diseases:

hemolytic anemia;
elevated bilirubin levels in preterm infants;
eating disorders;
hypervitaminosis D;
vascular and connective tissue diseases;
dermatoses;
muscular dystrophy;
disorders in the reproductive system in boys and girls;
diseases of the liver, cardiovascular and nervous systems.

Forms of drug release

Tocopherol can be taken orally or applied directly to problem areas of the body. It is perfectly absorbed through the skin. Avitaminosis or an acute deficiency of a vitamin in the body is treated with injections.

Vitamin E in a pharmacy can be found under the name Tocopherol acetate in the form of an oily solution in various dosages. For those who cannot tolerate oils, vitamin tablets or chewable lozenges are suitable, and drops are prescribed for newborns and babies up to 3 years old.

Tocopherol release forms:

oil solutions in capsule form with dosages of 100, 200, 400 mg;
dragee with a dosage of 100 mg;
solutions for injections 5 and 10%;
solution for external use 50%.

Vitamin E preparations for children

Vitamin E can be purchased as an independent drug or in combination with other beneficial substances. The most popular multivitamins containing tocopherol: Aevit, Pikovit, Alfavit, Sana-sol, Supradin, Vitrum, Vita Bears, Multi-tabs. For babies, an oily solution of vitamin E in drops is more suitable, which is conveniently dosed with a pipette.

To treat hypovitaminosis E, doctors often prescribe vitamin E in red capsules. They contain an oily liquid containing synthetic vitamin E. The substance is fully adapted to all the needs of the human body and is effective for diseases of the skin and mucous membranes, for various pathologies in the reproductive system of men and women, during pregnancy.

Application features

detailed instructions for use is attached to any drug with vitamin E. Vitamins must be taken strictly according to the scheme in order to avoid overdose and side effects.

Infants are advised to take vitamin E drops. Up to six months, the dose is 3 mg, from 6 months to 3 years, the dosage increases to 4 mg. The drug should be given before feeding in the morning 1 time per day. Drops should be dissolved in a teaspoon of warm boiled water.

10 drops from an eyedropper of 5, 10 and 30% oil solution contain vitamin E - 10, 20 and 65 mg, respectively

Vitamin E capsules are approved for children over six years of age. Also from this age, you can take the vitamin in tablets or in the form of chewable lozenges.

Contraindications

The risk of allergic reactions and side effects after taking vitamin preparations in a child is much higher than in an adult. Therefore, it is necessary to give vitamins with caution, carefully observing the reaction of the body.

Contraindications to taking tocopherol - intolerance to the components of the drug, iron deficiency anemia, blood diseases and cardiovascular systems, frequent bleeding (nose, etc.).

Overdose, side effects and overdose

Preparations with fat-soluble vitamins, which include tocopherol, should be given with caution, as they accumulate in the body and it is easy to get an overabundance.

A slight excess of the dose most often does not cause sharp reactions. But long-term use of large doses of vitamin E can lead to an overabundance and increased pressure, bleeding, bleeding disorders, and convulsions. An overdose of vitamin E leads to gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, abdominal pain and nausea.

Interaction with other substances

Tocopherol is forbidden to be taken together with iron-containing drugs. They neutralize each other. At iron deficiency anemia it is recommended to refrain from taking vitamin E for at least two hours. Tocopherol also reduces the production and absorption of vitamin K.

The most successful combinations of tocopherol and other substances:

vitamin E and selenium (enhance each other's actions);
vitamins E and (improves absorption of vitamin A);
vitamins E and (increase protective properties tocopherol).

The best combination to increase immunity is a complex of vitamins E, A and C. Therefore, if the child is often sick, it is necessary to select preparations containing these three substances

Vitamin E has many properties that benefit a person. But if you take vitamin preparations incorrectly, then useful qualities may turn harmful.

Tocopherol is recommended by doctors for the common cold in children. The substance does not dry out the mucous membrane, moisturizes, and the therapeutic effect occurs in 3-5 days. Vitamin E should be instilled into the child's nose, 2-3 drops in each nostril several times a day for five days.

Lack of vitamin E in childhood can lead to various troubles - a decrease in immunity, improper development, the appearance of other pathologies and diseases. To avoid this, it is necessary to provide the baby proper nutrition, and if you suspect a lack of a vitamin in the body - consult a doctor.

You can find out in the video below useful information about vitamin E.

Vitamin E, also known as tocopherol, is one of the most valuable for normal metabolism and energy distribution, healthy body weight and growth, physical activity child. In general, vitamin E from foods is absorbed only by 20-40%. That is why, especially when indicated, vitamin E for children is needed as a food supplement.

Fat-soluble vitamin E promotes the renewal of body cells, prevents various inflammatory processes. It is one of the powerful antioxidants that accumulates and is stored in adipose tissue and contributes to normal heart function and muscle development.

What foods can you get vitamin E from?

Although the human body absorbs tocopherol better from food of animal origin, it is most abundant in plant foods (in the form of tocopherylquinone, it is found in leaves, stems, and fruits). Here are the products in which it is present - in descending order of content:

It should be borne in mind that during heat treatment, part of the vitamin is lost. In addition, it is sensitive to light and oxygen. This means that getting the required amount of it from ordinary food can be difficult, especially if you are not a supporter of a balanced diet.

Who Needs Vitamin E?

According to parents' reviews, pediatricians quite often prescribe tocopherol together with vitamins A and C to frequently ill children. It is an effective antioxidant group for boosting immunity. This combination is especially recommended in the treatment of underweight at an early age.

Tocopherol preparations can be given to a baby only after consulting a pediatrician, since many pharmaceuticals in this category are recommended for children of school age. It is important to observe the dosage, especially for newborns. Among the side effects of an overdose:

visual impairment;
hormonal disorders;
the appearance of migraines;
stomach upset;
nausea;
general weakness.

Obstetrician-gynecologist, researcher Elena Berezovskaya, head of the International Academy healthy life, expresses his opinion about the lack of vitamin E, which is especially characteristic of the following categories of children.

Premature newborns(especially with a weight of less than 1500 g), since they have not formed the process of assimilation of fats. In such babies, tocopherol deficiency manifests itself in damage to the retina or infectious diseases.
Children with congenital eating disorders- some diseases associated with impaired absorption of fats (cystic fibrosis). Also, these are diseases of the nervous system, retina, muscle pathology, immune system, genetic abnormalities. Toddlers may be treated with water-soluble (synthetic) forms of tocopherol.
Children with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract associated with malabsorption nutrients(intestinal malabsorption).

According to Elena Berezovskaya, other categories of children under normal living conditions rarely become "victims" of vitamin deficiency - most often, poor nutrition is "guilty", which contains critically few vegetables and vegetable fats.

Release form

In any pharmacy you can find tocopherol in the form of capsules, chewable lozenges, in liquid form. Vitamin E for children in drops (oil solution) is suitable for infants from birth. Its daily allowance in milligrams is 3.0 at the age of 6 months, which is 5 drops per day. After 6 months and up to 3 years, the daily allowance should be 4.0 mg. It is necessary to give the drug to the child before feeding.

Vitamin E for children in capsules or in the form of chewable lozenges can be used from the age of 6, but only under the supervision of a specialist! Please note that many pharmacy preparations of tocopherol contain warnings in the annotations: "do not use without a doctor's prescription" or "not recommended for children under 12 (14) years old."

The doctor can prescribe the drug after the examination. It may be necessary to take blood and urine tests, since external “signals” - poor appetite or sleep, dry skin, irritability, frequent infections are indirect signs of hypovitaminosis and do not always indicate a lack of vitamin E.

The specialist must take into account a number of factors:

individual characteristics of the child;
full-term;
body mass;
the presence of anemia or genetic blood diseases;
the presence of eye pathologies;
features of feeding (natural, artificial);
indicators of phosphorus-calcium metabolism in the child's body;
the condition of the fontanelles on the baby's head - uncontrolled intake of vitamin E can lead to early closure of the fontanelles, which will Negative influence on brain development.

Vitamins are certainly needed by children for healthy development. Here is an instruction for daily intake: vitamin E for children under one year old is needed in the amount of 0.5 mg per 1 kg of weight. In diseases - for example, with hemolytic anemia, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, malnutrition - the dosage may be increased, but, again, only a doctor can determine it.

Attention: iron-containing preparations should not be taken together with vitamin E, as they neutralize each other. It is necessary to withstand at least 2 hours between doses.

Experts are confident that the daily need for vitamin E in an infant is fully provided by mother's milk (it is called "natural multivitamin") - of course, provided that the mother good nutrition. High-quality milk formulas for artificial feeding are also fortified. In most cases, if your baby is healthy, it is enough to review the diet and add more healthy foods to the menu.