Recipe for making a wax church candle. Wax candles, how to identify a fake, and why paraffin candles are harmful How wax is obtained for candles
Good day, friends. Here is the request:Good afternoon Please tell me the recipe wax church candle. On the market, wax and ready-made wax candles cost the same. Accordingly, it is not difficult to guess that additives are added to the wax. Can you tell me what and in what proportions to add to beeswax in order to reduce the cost of candles, but at the same time so that the candles smell of wax, do not flow and do not break when you bend them in your hands?“We answer: Victor, hello. When launching a mini factory for the production of candles, you should prepare for the fact that you will have to work hard on the final recipe of the candle composition in order to get high-quality products at the output. By experimenting with the ratio of the components used, you can find your own, ideal recipe. But the purchase of a ready-made and “tested” raw material composition will cost the entrepreneur a tidy sum.
Today a church candle made of paraffin c by adding wax became commonplace. Candles made from whole beeswax are also sold, but are much more expensive than paraffin ones. To comply with church canons during production, at least 15% wax is added to the paraffin; dyes are also added so that the candle has a wax color familiar to the eye, and ceresin - for stability. The paraffin itself must be of high quality: white, odorless and oily, otherwise the candle will smoke. Manufacturing of church candles - raw materials
There are no special mixture recipes for making church candles.
Natural beeswax, ceresin, food and technical paraffin are compatible with each other in any percentage.
The composition of the material for the manufacture of church candles determine the capabilities of parishioners. Someone can afford expensive candles made of pure beeswax, someone will buy semi-wax.
But the most popular are church candles made of relatively inexpensive paraffin brand YaV-1. Paraffin of this brand has no oil smell, so it can be flavored, and the color is very close to the color of natural wax.
Therefore, for a church shop, it is advisable to manufacture on a universal manual machine not only all the numbers of church candles, but candles from materials that differ in cost.
Paraffin candles in beeswax
Manual drum church wick shuttle loom provides unique opportunity production of church paraffin candles in a shell of natural beeswax.
On any other church machines, including casting molds, this operation is impossible.
The exception is church candles. self made made, also according to ancient technology, by dipping.
Semi-wax candles are church candles made from a mixture of melted beeswax and paraffin.
The sheathed candle is also actually a semi-wax candle. But in it paraffin and beeswax are not mixed with each other.
Inside the candle is inexpensive technical paraffin or any other candle raw material, and on the outside there is a layer of natural beeswax.
Moreover, a manual church machine allows the thickness of the outer layer to be easily changed.
The thickness of the wax coating can be several tenths of a millimeter, i.e. like a film, and be equal to almost half the diameter of the candle.
By changing the thickness of the beeswax shell, you can adjust the cost of a church candle.
The shell, made from a mixture of paraffin and beeswax, will further reduce the cost of raw materials for the manufacture of church candles.
By appearance and aroma, cheap candles, even in a very thin natural shell, are absolutely identical to 100% wax church candles.
At technical paraffin, including brand YAV-1, low temperature melting and beginning to soften.
So that candles do not bend during the hot season, do not stick to hands and do not stick together with each other during transportation, refractory ceresin is added to technical paraffin in the manufacture of church candles.
The higher the percentage of ceresin in the candle mass, the more resistant to heat the church candle.
A refractory shell will help reduce the consumption of expensive, compared to paraffin, ceresin and at the same time increase the resistance of candles to heat.
Even a thin protective layer of ceresin will prevent church candles from sticking together during long-term storage and will provide unbending hardness during the procession on a summer sunny day.
Food grade paraffin P-2 belongs to environmentally friendly grades of petroleum paraffins. They cover hard cheeses and impregnate packaging material for others food products. It is also widely used in cosmetics and medicine.
Cleaner burning and the ability to be easily dyed to any color have made white edible paraffin the main raw material for making decorative candles.
Paraffin brand YaV-1 and beeswax have a pronounced color of their own, so it is impossible to repaint them in rich red, yellow and especially snow-white.
A decorative shell made of dyed food paraffin will help to effectively solve all color problems.
It will not only camouflage the dirty-gray color of a church candle made of technical paraffin, but will also increase its resistance to heat, since P-2 food grade paraffin has a fairly high infusibility index.
It is known that in the period of time preceding the widespread use of petroleum products, beeswax was used as a raw material for the manufacture of church candles. Beeswax is a complex mixture of many substances. It contains esters (70-74%), free fatty acids (13-25%) and saturated hydrocarbons (12-15%). This composition of beeswax provides an even non-smoky candle flame. However, the low melting point of beeswax does not provide good dimensional stability for small diameter candles, especially at elevated temperatures. In addition, the deficit and high price beeswax limit the expansion of the production of church candles in accordance with the growing demand in the country and export organizations.
Candles are silent witnesses of secrets, quiet friendly conversations, intimate confessions. They illuminate not only the house, but also the mind, allowing you to feel the chords of pleasure and comfort. But only natural bee wax candles can become not only stylish element decor that reflects our taste even in daylight. Wax candles have unique healing properties!
Candle: biography
The first candles were made in ancient egypt, more than 3 thousand. years ago, from animal fat and oily fish. These were small containers of liquid fat, where the wick fell.
The Romans dipped rolled papyrus in fat, which solidified and allowed the material to burn longer. The Chinese and Japanese used rice paper for the wick, and the American Indians made candles from pine resin.
Beeswax candles appeared in the Middle Ages. Unlike fat, wax did not give soot and an unpleasant smell, it burned brightly and evenly. But beeswax was difficult to obtain, it was expensive and was used only for the aristocracy and the church. In 1850, paraffin was invented from oil and shale. Candles have become available for any wallet. However, the use of paraffin candles turned out to be unsafe for human health.
Why are paraffin candles harmful?
Carcinogenic and toxic, they release benzene and toluene when burned. Benzene has a strong allergic effect. The poison of general toxic action - toluene - causes poisoning, endocrine disorders, reduces performance, accumulates in the cells of the central nervous system. The diethyl phthalate contained in such suppositories causes dizziness, respiratory rhythm disturbance, headache, and nausea. And with frequent exposure, it affects the nervous and respiratory system and contributes to the formation of cancer. These substances are especially dangerous for pregnant women and children.
Paraffin candles have many other disadvantages:
When extinguished, they are smoked with a heavy strong odor, unpleasant and greasy to the touch, they burn quickly, dimly, they cannot be lit often and used as an air freshener.
The best alternative to many modern paraffin candles are real beeswax candles. They are not only safe, but also useful!
What is beeswax?
Bees produce wax with special wax glands to build honeycombs. In cells made of wax, insects grow their babies and store honey. The highest quality wax is obtained from zabrus - wax caps that seal the cells with mature honey. Before pumping out the honey, the beekeeper cuts off these caps. This wax is beautiful yellow color and smells like honey.
Beeswax contains over 300 various connections. It contains minerals, propolis, resins, an admixture of pollen, vitamin A, betacarotene, etc.
Wax occurs from light yellow to yellow-brown in color and has a characteristic, very pleasant smell. On a cut or on a break, it is matte with a fine-grained structure.
Beeswax hardens at room temperature, and at 38-40 ° C it becomes soft and is able to take any shape. At 70-73°C the wax becomes liquid.
Why do we need wax candles?
- 1. Natural candles are good for health! Wax candles are a completely natural, environmentally friendly product. They have the healing power of nature. When burning, the wax releases antimicrobial enzymes, therapeutic ether carriers - the air in the house is purified. This is especially useful during an outbreak of viral influenza. The components of the candle destroy pathogenic microbes and increase immunity. The action of a wax candle during natural "inhalation":
- antimicrobial,
- anti-inflammatory,
- soothing,
- warming
- painkiller,
- adsorbent.
Like it or not, but after a romantic evening or an evening of relaxation, there are still pieces of candles of different sizes and frozen paraffin on the candlesticks. Usually all this stuff is thrown away by the hostess.
But there is an easy way to turn leftover candles into amazing candle holders.
What do you need:
Candles (we took 3 whole ones, but you can safely use the remains of candles, but you need to remove the wicks from them);
2 saucepans of different sizes (one must fit in the other);
Balloon;
A thread;
Scissors;
parchment paper;
How to do:
1. Wax preparation: melt the wax in a water bath. To make it melt faster, you can grate it or crumble it into small pieces.
2. Preparation of the workplace: it is best to use a baking sheet, which is covered with baking paper. 
3. Form preparation: take a ball and fill it with water. The main thing is that the filled ball enters the wax container. Important: the height of the candlestick will be the same as the level of water in the balloon. 
4. Very carefully dip the ball into the wax 3 times, while the ball should not touch the walls of the container, and the filled ball should be lowered into the wax no lower than the water level in it. If you make one of these mistakes, the balloon will burst, and water will fall into the wax. Therefore, you will have to stop the process, wait for the wax to harden, drain the water and start all over again. 
5. When you have dipped the ball into the wax three times, put it on a flat surface (our baking sheet) covered with baking parchment. 
6. If the walls of the future candlestick seem too thin for you, you can once again “bath” the ball. But it should be noted that too thick walls will not transmit light well. 
7. When the wax has hardened, carefully cut the thread (if this is not possible, cut the ball near the threads), drain the water from the ball, and remove the shell. 
8. In order for the edges of our candlestick to be even and neat, we proceed as follows: we heat the baking sheet and “bake” the edges of the product. 
9. We fill our wax candlestick with water, lower the candle-tablet into it.
10. The unique candlestick is ready.
Note:
1. Such a candlestick can be decorated with rhinestones, sparkles, sequins in the process of work - when the wax is still warm, absolutely any decor is “planted” on it with tweezers.
2. You can also decorate such a candlestick with colored wax - add a few pieces of paraffin to the melted wax different colors and stir until patterns form, then lower the ball. In this case, you get an unusual candlestick with stripes or with fancy divorces.
The invention relates to household chemicals, in particular, to compositions for the manufacture of church candles. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the composition for the manufacture of church candles, containing polyethylene wax and paraffin, additionally contains 4-methyl-2,6-ditretbutylphenol and petrolatum, and soft paraffin as paraffin in the following ratio, wt. polyethylene wax 15 25, soft paraffin 20 -25, 4-methyl-2,6-ditretbutylphenol 0.04 0.06, petrolatum the rest. 1 tab.
It is known that in the period of time preceding the widespread use of petroleum products, beeswax was used as a raw material for the manufacture of church candles. Beeswax is a complex mixture of many substances. It contains esters (70-74%), free fatty acids (13-25%) and saturated hydrocarbons (12-15%). This composition of beeswax provides an even non-smoky candle flame. However, the low melting point of beeswax does not provide good dimensional stability for small diameter candles, especially at elevated temperatures. In addition, the shortage and high cost of beeswax limit the expansion of the production of church candles in accordance with the growing demand in the country and the organization of exports. A lamp or a candle and a method for their production are known. Combustible material for lamps or candles, for example, tomb lamps, contains 24-95 hours of paraffin slack with 45-95% solid paraffins and or ceresins, 3-90 hours of solid paraffin, ceresin, a low molecular weight component molecular weight 400-500, formed as a by-product of the production of low viscosity polyethylene by thermal splitting and hydrogenolysis of polyolefins. This product may contain 0.1-40 parts of atactic polypropylene, hydrocarbon fractions (petroleum and synthetic fractions) and additives (fragrances, pigments, dyes, combustible aggregates, etc.). It is known to prepare the mass from cheap raw materials with the possibility of obtaining high-quality casts using a mixture of ceresin and gacha as additives to conventional candle raw materials. The share of gacha is 2-10% and the share of ceresin is 4-15 wt. Currently, natural technical wax, paraffin and ceresin are used to make church candles. The addition of gacha and ceresin to the raw materials of church candles makes it possible to somewhat reduce their cost, but does not increase the shape stability of the latter. In addition, the use of slack and raw materials for the production of paraffin, characterized by a high oil content, causes aging deterioration in the color of candles during storage due to oxidation. Closest to the proposed composition is for the preparation of candles, including paraffin, ceresin, polyethylene wax and a fat-soluble pigment, characterized in that, in order to increase mechanical strength, it additionally contains an acid ester of alkenyl succinic acid in the following ratio of ingredients, wt. Ceresin 3.0-8.0 Polyethylene wax 3.0-8.0 Fat-soluble pigment 0.05-0.2 Acid ester of alkenylsuccinic acid 0.05-0.2 Paraffin The rest characterized by lower dimensional stability at elevated temperatures compared to wax. In addition, due to the high content of solid paraffin, candles of these compositions are fragile, which does not allow them to be used in the production of church candles of small diameter, 3-8 mm. The aim of the invention is to reduce brittleness, improve the dimensional stability and color of the candle, preserve color during long-term storage, the possibility of using cheap raw materials for large-scale production. The goal is achieved in that the candle composition contains petrolatum, soft paraffin, polyethylene wax and 4-methyl-2,6-ditretbutylphenol with the following component composition, wt. Petrolatum up to 100 Soft paraffin 20-25 Polyethylene wax 15-25 4-Methyl-2,6-ditretbutylphenol (ionol) 0.04-0.06 which show that candles made according to the proposed composition have less fragility, higher dimensional stability and color. Formulations 2-4 are optimal. Petrolatum according to TU 38 401166-90, petroleum soft paraffin according to TU 38 101129-87, polyethylene wax according to TU 38.102162-84, 4-methyl-2,6-ditretbutylphenol (additive "ionol") according to OST 3801420 -87. The test of fragility and dimensional stability was carried out by research methods, color determination according to CNT GOST 20284-74. When determining fragility, a candle-shaped sample (diameter 5 mm, height 200 mm) is subjected to the impact of a flat load weighing 200 g during its free fall from a height of 500 mm. When determining the dimensional stability, a candle sample (diameter 5 mm, height 200 mm) is placed in a thermostat in vertical position. A comparative assessment is made visually by the deviation from the vertical (angle of inclination). The test time is 4 hours with a uniform increase in temperature at a rate of 1-1.5 deg / min from 20 to 50 ° C. The use of the proposed technical solution will allow, using cheap raw materials of large-scale production, to fully satisfy the needs for church candles and organize their export.
Claim
COMPOSITION FOR MANUFACTURING CHURCH CANDLES, containing polyethylene wax and paraffin, characterized in that it additionally contains 4-methyl-2, 6-ditretbutylphenol petrolatum, and soft paraffin as paraffin in the following ratio, wt. Polyethylene wax 15 25 Soft paraffin 20 25 4-Methyl-2, 6-ditretbutylphenol 0.04 0.06
Petrolatum Rest
Since ancient times, people have looked at the fire and felt safe. Many centuries have passed, but even now, when looking at the hearth, the same feeling arises. But today we do not sit by the fires, they are replaced by wax candles. They give any room an atmosphere of intimacy, and the smooth fluctuation of the flame fascinates people, just like hundreds of thousands of years ago.
Nowadays, when there are many different materials, you can make wax houses, creating your own masterpieces. They can be of various shapes, sizes and colors.
Materials needed to create paraffin candles
You will need:
- cotton threads;
- wax crayons;
- regular candles.
These materials are inexpensive and readily available.
Auxiliary materials for the production of candles
You will also need:
- old saucepan;
- a container where the wax will melt;
- two plastic or wooden sticks to stir the wax and attach the wick;
- molds for creating candles, these can be children's toys or plastic cups;
- decorative embellishments for future creations.
In this case, you can select materials at your discretion.
Nuances in choosing a wick
Any candles: church, wax, gel, paraffin - have a wick. It must be made from 100% cotton. It can be a ribbon of fabric or a rope. The main thing is that there are no synthetics in the composition. Multi-colored floss thread wicks look especially good on transparent candles.
For each candle, the wick is selected individually. Its stiffness and thickness depend on the part of the candle that will have to burn through. Also from her material. For wax candles, it is worth making thick wicks, the threads of which are not woven very tightly. For paraffin or gel, on the contrary, you need to tightly twist thin threads. Such a wick will not smoke when burning. It must be remembered that if used for dyeing, their shavings may not dissolve in the candle material and clog the wick.
In a word, there are many nuances that can only be understood in practice. If the wick is thick, then the wax candles will smoke and burn out too quickly. And very thin ones will often go out. In general, you need to try and experiment.
The wick can be twisted (like a rope), braided or crocheted. Immediately before pouring, it is better to soak the threads with wax, but many believe that this is useless and simply fill them with wax, paraffin or gel.
The principle of creating a candle
To make wax candles with your own hands, you need to find a suitable shape. You can use any plastic cups, children's toys, that is, anything where you can pour paraffin. However, this container must withstand a temperature of 100 °. For the first time, it is better to take a simple form in order to understand the principle of creating a candle.
A knot is tied at the end of the cotton string. After that, a hole is made at the bottom of the mold in the center. This cotton wick is inserted into it so that its knot is outside. He will subsequently be the top of the candle, and will also prevent wax or paraffin from flowing out of the mold when it is created. Next, you need to fix the second end of the wick, which will be at the bottom of the finished product. It should be in the middle of the form. To do this, take any stick, you can take a toothpick or a match. It is placed across the form, and the second end of the wick is tied to its center. It needs to be centered and tight. After everything is fixed, you can start creating a candle.
We need material to fill out the form. Therefore, they take church candles, wax, paraffin, in general, everything that is available. It is better to chop them finely to make shavings. It is folded into a tin can and placed in a water bath. That is, a pot of water is taken, put on fire, and after it boils, a container with material for a candle is immersed there. It becomes liquid under the influence of temperature, and then it can be poured into a candle mold. In the process, you can use any container, most importantly - not glass.
Materials for coloring candles
In order for the product to be of the desired color, for example, you want to get wax green candles, red, blue, or even multi-colored, then a dye must be added to the composition. The most widely used material for this is children's wax crayons. In general, you can use any fat-soluble dye. If you take gouache or watercolor, then they will not work, because they will not be able to dissolve in the material, and will simply float in pieces, and subsequently settle at the bottom.
Some masters use lipstick and shadows to color their masterpieces. However, in the process of burning a candle, lipstick emits a smell. If it is pleasant, then this is an excellent option not only in terms of color, but also in terms of aromatic effect.
Also special dyes for candles are sold, where there are many colors and shades. Using them, you can make both snow-white and black candles (wax or paraffin). By adding them in various proportions, you will achieve both delicate pastel tones and bright saturated colors.
Pouring material into a mold
If everything is ready, we proceed to the main stage. Lubricate the mold from the inside vegetable oil or a liquid that is used when washing dishes. This is necessary so that the frozen candle is easier to remove. First, a little material is poured to the bottom to close the hole with the wick. After all, if you immediately fill the entire space, then the wax or paraffin will strongly flow out. And this is inconvenient, and it will take much more time.
After the bottom has hardened, pour the rest of the wax or paraffin until the entire container is filled. When it's ready, wait for the wax to cool at room temperature. In this way, the wax candles will cool gradually and evenly. If you try to speed up the process and immerse the product in the freezer, the surface of the candle may crack, which will ruin its appearance.
Removing the candle from the mold
It is necessary to untie the knot on the wick, where the top of the product will be, then pull it from the other side. The candle should come off. If the product does not come out, there are two solutions: the first is to cut the mold, the second is to put everything in the freezer for two minutes. After that, the candle is immediately doused hot water. Due to the sharp temperature difference, it can be easily removed.
After that, the wick is shortened to required size, and the seams that remain from the form must be doused with hot water - then they will disappear. However, the product loses its original luster. Therefore, when you create wax candles, molds should be selected without seams, so that later there will be no problems with their elimination.
Aroma candles
They are made in the same way as wax ones, but with the addition of essential oils. When burned, they will fill the room with a pleasant aroma. You can use any essential oil but not pink. It gives off a pungent odor when burned. In liquid wax, you need to add the necessary flavoring, and then mix everything thoroughly. After everything becomes homogeneous, the wax is poured into the mold. The next steps are the same as above.
Self-made wax candles burn and look very beautiful. However, you can make such accessories completely transparent, as if it were water. They are made from a gel that is specially prepared for this.
Gel candles
To create such a lovely miracle, you can buy gel wax in the store. But if you wish, it is easy to make it at home. For this you will need:
- water;
- tannin;
- glycerol;
- gelatin.
Take 5 parts of gelatin (necessarily colorless) and dissolve it in 20 parts of water. After that, you need to add 25 parts of glycerin and mix everything thoroughly, after which a transparent essence will begin to appear. 2 parts of tannin are added to it, which are previously dissolved in 10 parts of glycerin. Immediately after the connection, a dirty precipitate is formed, which disappears when boiled. After creating a transparent mixture, it is poured into a mold, like ordinary wax candles, the manufacture of which we discussed above.
The appearance of such candles can be made even more spectacular by adding dyes to them. Thus, they can be given gentle tones of any color. Or you can pour different colors into the uncured mixture to get fancy abstractions.
