Writing technical documentation for aluminum doors. GOST requirements for aluminum doors. Materials and other elements of aluminum doors

Aluminum is a metal with amazing properties. It is light, strong, not afraid of corrosion, and therefore durable. This explains its wide distribution in various fields, including construction. Here, another of its features is fully revealed - a small coefficient of expansion when heated. Therefore, architects often use metal to decorate facades. Entrance doors of it have high wear resistance and good thermal insulation. Due to their natural beauty, they do not require additional processing and easily fit into any design. True, this is all true only when aluminum doors are made in accordance with GOST, in compliance with all its rules.

What requirements does this document impose on door manufacturers? GOST standards are written for professionals and some of them require detailed explanation. But first, about the purpose, design and types of aluminum doors.

Unlike metal or wooden doors, aluminum are rarely solid. In this case, the dignity that attracts designers will disappear - the visual lightness of the design. Moreover, the product will turn out to be unsightly and very expensive. Therefore, most often only the frame is made of aluminum, and glass, plastic, sandwich panels, etc. are used for internal filling. Due to the high profile strength, the door can be up to 90% glass. As a result - a complete illusion of transparency of the structure.

The advantages of aluminum doors (most of them are regulated by GOST) are determined by the properties of the material. The main ones are:

Durability. metal contact with environment, causes the formation of oxide, which does not affect the appearance, but is a good anti-corrosion protection;
Resistance to external influences. Due to the low thermal expansion of aluminum, products made from it are not subject to cracking and deformation. Rodents and insects are not able to damage them;
fire resistance;
Minimal care and environmental friendliness. The material does not require painting and protective impregnation. Harmless to human health.
High wear resistance. Aluminum doors can withstand up to 100,000 opening and closing cycles.
Excellent load characteristics. Products are lightweight, but can withstand large static loads.

The design of aluminum doors and the main characteristics determine their purpose. Most often they are used as entrances, in places where there is no need to install more reliable structures, and with high traffic. Usually these are offices, administrative buildings, shops. In residential premises, aluminum doors are installed on balconies and terraces. They are not used as interior rooms, although GOST does not prohibit this.

Varieties

Doors made of aluminum differ in thermal insulation and in the type of opening. Depending on the purpose, products can be made from a warm or cold profile. In the first case, a heater is used. GOST strictly regulates the parameters that it must provide. Cold structures do not have sufficient thermal insulation and are mainly used for terraces and arbors.

According to the specifics of opening the structure is much more diverse:

Swing. The most common option. Open inward or outward;
Sliding. Equipped with a special device, thanks to which the canvas moves along the wall;
Pendulum. Able to open in both directions;
Revolver. Revolving doors consisting, as a rule, of 4 leaves. Most often installed in shopping centers.

GOST regulates some door opening parameters, for example, the maximum allowable force, but more on that later.

Standard requirements

GOST, which is currently followed by all manufacturers, has been in force since 1995. But that doesn't mean it's outdated. The standard is constantly updated in accordance with changes in release technology. Most of the requirements that must be observed in the manufacture of aluminum doors, GOST conditionally combines into 5 main groups:

Characteristics;
Materials and components;
Completeness;
Marking;
Package.

It should be noted that the requirements of GOST will not be given in the "dry" language of quotations, but in a form accessible to an ordinary person, without distorting the main meaning.

Characteristics

Doors must be strong enough not to be damaged during transportation and installation. The resource of each should be at least 100 thousand opening-closing cycles;
The product must have an anodic oxide or paint coating. In the second case, its thickness is not less than 70 microns.
The coating is applied to each part separately. GOST does not allow painting in assembled form;
doors from aluminum profile installed in places of heavy traffic and having a large glass area and not equipped with automatic opening, must be equipped with protective grilles;
The height of the opaque lower part of the door leaf must not exceed 1000mm;
The force required to open the door is no more than 50 N;
The door must be made in such a way that it cannot be disturbed from the outside;
Locking devices are also protected from interference from outside;
The diagonals of the box should not differ by more than 3 mm;
The door cannot protrude from the frame on the front side by more than 2 mm;
Gaps on the front side should not be more than 0.3 mm;
The size of the maximum roughness GOST sets no more than 6 microns. This only applies to the outside.

Materials and accessories

Curvature of aluminum profiles is not allowed. The profile itself must comply with GOST;
In the production, fasteners made of steel 20x13 or 12x13 should be used;
Glasses used for transparent surfaces are manufactured in accordance with normative and technical documentation. Their thickness cannot be less than 5 mm., if a double-glazed window is used - 15 mm.;
To designate completely glass doors, at a height of 1m, special signs are applied;
The product must have rubber or plastic seals, the quality of which is determined by GOST;
The joints between the profiles are filled with a special sealant;
All threaded connections are fixed with adhesive type BF - 2 or other approved by GOST.

Completeness

The delivery set is determined individually for each specific case, but should not contradict the technical requirements;
GOST allows the transportation of protruding parts not on the structure itself, but as part of the delivery set.

Marking

On the back of the package or on its ends, there must be a manufacturer's mark, which includes: the date of issue; product brand; technical control stamp.

Package

Before transportation, each product is locked;
Doors are wrapped with double layer paper before packing;
The container is tied with twine;
The shipping container must ensure the safety of the product from damage;
During transportation, it is allowed to stack several products in one container, their number should not exceed the allowable one;
Protruding parts and fasteners are wrapped with wrapping paper and transported in one container with the product. In some cases, they may be transported in a separate box in accordance with GOST;
Each batch is supplied with accompanying documentation.

Conclusion

It should be noted that, unfortunately, not all doors are manufactured in accordance with GOST. Some negligent manufacturers are guided by their own requirements, which do not always coincide with generally accepted ones. Therefore, in conclusion, a few tips on what to look for:

The design should be made precisely from the door profile, and not from the window profile. The latter will not withstand such loads;
The quality of the door can be determined by painting. An even layer of paint without streaks and peeling indicates good pre-treatment and expensive equipment;
The outer door must be made of a warm profile;
Frame joints must be filled with sealant or adhesive. If this is not the case, the manufacturer treated the work in bad faith;
Seals should be rubber or silicone. Despite the fact that GOST allows plastic, it can burst from frost.

And the last. The door is not only a canvas and a profile. A lot depends on the hardware. When buying, you must definitely check its quality, and not just completeness.

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

ALUMINUM ALLOY DOORS

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

GOST 23747-88

USSR STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE

Moscow

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

Introduction date 01.01.89

Non-compliance with the standard is punishable by law

This standard applies to doors made of aluminum alloys (hereinafter referred to as doors) climatic version UHL of any placement category, except for the fifth, according to GOST 15150-69, any group of operating conditions for products with UHL paintwork in accordance with GOST 9.104-79. Doors are designed for installation in external and internal vertical building enclosing structures.

The standard does not apply to doors in which aluminum alloys are not the main structural material, as well as to special-purpose doors (with increased requirements for fire safety, smoke protection, sound and heat insulation and tightness).

1. MAIN PARAMETERS AND DIMENSIONS

1.1 Types, dimensions, design and conventions doors are installed by regulatory and technical documentation for specific types of structures.

2. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

2.2. Characteristics

At the same time, they must withstand 100,000 opening and closing cycles, as well as wind load according to SNiP 2.01.07-85 and static loads in accordance with the appendix of this standard.

The color of the coating is agreed with the manufacturer and selected according to standards approved in the prescribed manner.

Appearance and the thickness of the anodic oxide coating - according to GOST 9.301-86 and GOST 9.031-74, respectively.

The paintwork must comply with class III according to GOST 9.032-74. Layer thickness - not less than 70 microns.

The absence of anodic oxide and paint coatings is allowed in places of mechanical processing of parts on non-facial surfaces of structures and in the internal planes of parts from a hollow profile.

2.2.5. It is not allowed to apply anodic oxide, zinc or cadmium coatings to assembled products.

2.2.8. Doors with fully glazed canvases without automatic opening, installed in places with heavy human flows (stations, airports, etc.), are equipped with grilles that protect the glazing from damage.

2.2.9. The force applied to the door leaf to open it must not exceed 50 N.

2.2.10. The fastening of the locking devices must ensure that they cannot be dismantled from the outside.

2.2.11. The design of the door should exclude the possibility of dismantling the leaf or filling it from the outside.

2.2.14. The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the boxes and sheets should not be more than 3 mm.

Sealing gaskets must be continuous within each side of the perimeter. At the request of the consumer, it is allowed to use sealant instead of sealing gaskets at the places where the filling is installed.

2.2.21. The filling of the frame of the door leaf must be installed on supporting and fixing pads having a width not less than the thickness of the applied filling, a height of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 80 mm. Schemes for the placement of support and fixing pads under the glass are given in the Appendix.

2.3. Requirements for materials and components

sheets made of aluminum grades AMg2, AMts according to GOST 21631-76;

extruded profiles of constant section from aluminum alloy AD31 according to GOST 22233-83.

It is allowed to use other materials with a thickness of 5 - 6 mm from among those permitted by the state sanitary inspection bodies, manufactured in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.

2.4. Completeness

2.4.1. The delivery set of products is determined by the requirements of normative and technical documentation for structures of specific types.

Devices, parts protruding relative to the plane of the door, supporting and fixing pads, glazing beads are allowed, the fastening structures should not be installed, but supplied complete with products.

2.5. Marking

2.5.1. On the non-front surface of each product or on the tag must be applied:

trademark of the manufacturer;

product brand;

date of manufacture;

2.6.1. Each hinged door must be locked before packing.

2.6.3. Doors must be packed in containers that protect products from distortion and mechanical damage, made according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.

The number of products and methods of their packing in containers should ensure their safety during loading and unloading operations and transportation various types transport.

3.4. Products must be subjected to periodic tests at least once every two years for compliance with the requirements of all clauses of this standard, with the exception of paragraphs. And .

When putting doors into production, tests must be carried out for compliance with the requirements of all clauses of this standard.

3.5. When making changes to the design of doors or manufacturing technology, type tests are carried out, the scope of which is determined by the developer of design and technological documentation.

4. CONTROL METHODS

GOST 23747-88

UDC 692.81:691.771:006.354 Group Zh34

STATE STANDARD OF THE UNION OF THE SSR

ALUMINUM ALLOY DOORS

General specifications

Doors of aluminum alloys.
Specifications

Introduction date 1989-01-01

INFORMATION DATA

1. DESIGNED
State Committee in Architecture and Urban Planning under the State Construction Committee of the USSR
Ministry of assembly and special construction works USSR

DEVELOPERS
E.L.Ugryumov, Ph.D. archit. (topic leader); P.A.Kalaida; V.V. Anikiev; A.A. Zhirkova; O.A. Zhadkevich; M.B.Priymak; V.A. Novikov; V.N.Spirov; A.A. Khaitser; V.F. Lagutin; V.V. Moloshnikov; F.G. Danilenko; I.M. Karpilov; N.B. Zhukovskaya; V.P. Poddubny

2. INTRODUCED by the State Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning under the Gosstroy of the USSR

3. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR dated 15.06.88 No. 111

4. Term of verification - 1995; frequency - 5 years

5. REPLACE GOST 23747-79

6. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number	The designation of the NTD to which the link is given	Item number
GOST 9.031-74	2.2.4	GOST 10354-82	2.6.4
GOST 9.032-74	2.2.4	GOST 12085-73	4.9
GOST 9.074-77	4.5	GOST 12172-74	2.3.9
GOST 9.104-79	Introduction	GOST 13489-79	2.3.8
GOST 9.301-86	2.2.4	GOST 14192-77	2.5.2
GOST 9.302-79	4.5	GOST 15150-69	Introduction
GOST 9.303-84	2.2.6	GOST 15907-70	2.3.9
GOST 166-80	4.6	GOST 16338-85	2.3.6
GOST 380-71	2.3.3	GOST 17308-88	2.6.2
GOST 1050-74	2.3.2	GOST 19729-74	4.9
GOST 2789-73	2.2.18	GOST 21631-76	2.3.5
GOST 2991-85	2.6.4	GOST 22233-83	2.2.15; 2.3.1; 2.3.5
GOST 5378-66	4.6	GOST 23616-79	3.3
GOST 5632-72	2.3.2	GOST 23832-79	2.3.9
GOST 7502-80	4.6	GOST 25797-83	2.3.10
GOST 8273-75	2.6.2	GOST 25891-83	2.2.2; 4.2
GOST 8828-75	2.6.2; 2.6.4	GOST 26254-84	4.1
GOST 9378-75	4.7	SNiP 2.01.07-85	2.2.3
TU 2-034-225-87	4.6	SNiP 2.03.11-85	6.1
GOST 9569-79	2.6.2	SNiP 11.3-79	2.2.1

7. Reissue. January 1990

This standard applies to doors made of aluminum alloys (hereinafter referred to as doors) of climatic modification UHL of any placement category, except for the fifth, in accordance with GOST 15150-69, of any group of operating conditions for products with UHL paintwork in accordance with GOST 9.104-79. Doors are designed for installation in external and internal vertical building enclosing structures.
The standard does not apply to doors in which aluminum alloys are not the main structural material, as well as to special-purpose doors (with increased requirements for fire safety, smoke protection, sound and heat insulation and tightness).

1. Main parameters and dimensions

1.1. Types, sizes, design and symbols of doors are established by regulatory and technical documentation for structures of specific types.

2. Technical requirements

2.1. Doors must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, normative and technical documentation for doors of specific types and according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
2.2. Characteristics
2.2.1. Heat transfer resistance of doors - according to SNiP II-3-79.
2.2.2. Air permeability of doors - according to GOST 25891-83 (see Appendix 1).
2.2.3. Doors must have sufficient strength and stability in terms of transportation, installation and operation.
At the same time, they must withstand 100,000 opening and closing cycles, as well as wind load according to SNiP 2.01.07-85 and static loads in accordance with Appendix 1 of this standard.
2.2.4. Details of door structures, with the exception of liners, must have an anode-oxide or paint-and-lacquer protective and decorative coating.
The color of the coating is agreed with the manufacturer and selected according to standards approved in the prescribed manner.
The appearance and thickness of the anodic oxide coating are according to GOST 9.301-86 and GOST 9.031-74, respectively.
The paintwork must comply with class III according to GOST 9.032-74. The layer thickness is not less than 70 microns.
The absence of anodic oxide and paint coatings is allowed in places of mechanical processing of parts on non-facial surfaces of structures and in the internal planes of parts from a hollow profile.
2.2.5. It is not allowed to apply anodic oxide, zinc or cadmium coatings to assembled products.
2.2.6. Fasteners and parts made of carbon steel in contact with aluminum elements must have a zinc or cadmium coating in accordance with GOST 9.303-84 with a thickness of at least 9 microns.
2.2.7. The height dimension of the non-translucent lower part of the door leaf must be no more than 1000 mm.
2.2.8. Doors with fully glazed canvases without automatic opening, installed in places with heavy human flows (stations, airports, etc.), are equipped with grilles that protect the glazing from damage.
2.2.9. The force applied to the door leaf to open it must not exceed 50 N.
2.2.10. The fastening of the locking devices must ensure that they cannot be dismantled from the outside.
2.2.11. The design of the door should exclude the possibility of dismantling the leaf or filling it from the outside.
2.2.12. The maximum deviations of the dimensions of the frames of boxes and door panels in assembled form should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Table. 1.

Table 1

2.2.13. The difference between the front surfaces of the frame and the door leaf relative to each other, the installation of which is provided in the same plane, should not be more than 2.0 mm.
2.2.14. The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the boxes and sheets should not be more than 3 mm.
2.2.15. The difference in the front surfaces of the mating aluminum profiles should not exceed the tolerances established by GOST 22233-83 for the size of the joined sides of the profile.
2.2.16. The gaps on the front surfaces of the structures at the joints of the parts should not be more than 0.3 mm. It is allowed to increase the gap up to 1.0 mm, but with subsequent sealing of the joint. The gaps at the junctions of the linear fastening elements of the filling (glazing beads) may not be sealed.
2.2.17. The maximum deviation of the cutting angle when the size of the cut side of the profile is up to 50 mm should not be more than ± 20 ', with the size of the cut side of the profile over 50 mm - more than ± 15 '.
2.2.18. The surface roughness of the profiles facing the front side of the products and subjected to machining should be microns in accordance with GOST 2789-73.
2.2.19. Sealing gaskets without the use of glue should be installed around the perimeter in the places where the frame of the canvas is mated with the filling elements, as well as in the porches.
Sealing gaskets must be continuous within each side of the perimeter. At the request of the consumer, it is allowed to use sealant instead of sealing gaskets at the places where the filling is installed.
2.2.20. When the leaf is in the closed position, the sealing gaskets in the porches must be pressed without a gap.
2.2.21. The filling of the frame of the door leaf must be installed on supporting and fixing pads having a width not less than the thickness of the applied filling, a height of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 80 mm. Schemes for the placement of support and fixing pads under the glass are given in Appendix 2.
2.3. Requirements for materials and components
2.3.1. Door frames must be made of extruded aluminum profiles in accordance with GOST 22233-83. To meet the requirements of this standard, profiles must be straightened to reduce longitudinal curvature and twist angle.
2.3.2. Fasteners (bolts, screws, nuts, washers) and hinge axles must be made of steel grades 20X13 and 12X13 according to GOST 5632-72 or other stainless steel grades according to GOST 5632-72.
By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture fasteners and hinge axles from steel grades 08kp, 10kp, 20kp, 10, 20, 40 according to GOST 1050-74.
2.3.3. Steel parts that are part of the door structure must be made of steel grade C235 in accordance with GOST 27772-88 (from 01.01.89) or St3kp2-1, welded in accordance with GOST 535-88, as well as from steel of other grades, physical and mechanical properties which are not less than the specified.
2.3.4. For translucent filling of the frame of the door leafs, glass and double-glazed windows should be used, made according to the normative and technical documentation, approved in the prescribed manner. In this case, the thickness of the glasses should be 5-6 mm, double-glazed windows 15-28 mm.
On door leafs with continuous translucent filling, special decorative signs should be applied directly on the glazing, located at a height of at least 1 m.
2.3.5. For non-translucent filling of the door leaf frame, the following should be used:
sheets made of aluminum grades AMg2, AMts according to GOST 21631-76;
extruded profiles of constant section from aluminum alloy AD31 according to GOST 22233-83.
It is allowed to use other materials with a thickness of 5-6 mm from among those permitted by the state sanitary inspection bodies, manufactured in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
2.3.6. Support and fixing pads must be made of polyethylene low pressure any grade in accordance with GOST 16338-85, as well as from ozone-frost-resistant rubber of increased hardness, wood impregnated with an antiseptic, in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
2.3.7. Sealing gaskets must be made of light-ozone-frost-resistant rubber or plastics from among those permitted by state sanitary inspection bodies in accordance with the requirements of normative and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
2.3.8. For sealing joints at the joints of parts made of aluminum alloys, sealant of the UT-31 brand according to GOST 13489-79 or mastics according to the normative and technical documentation approved in the established manner, permitted by the state sanitary supervision authorities and not causing corrosion of aluminum alloys, should be used.
2.3.9. Fasteners with metric threads in permanent joints should be installed on glue grades BF-2, BF-4 in accordance with GOST 12172-74, varnishes of grades PF-170, PF-171 in accordance with GOST 15907-70; grades AK113, AK113F in accordance with GOST 23832-79 or other varnishes permitted by the state sanitary supervision.
2.3.10. Devices for doors must comply with the requirements of GOST 25979-83 and regulatory and technical documentation for devices of specific types.
2.4. Completeness
2.4.1. The delivery set of products is determined by the requirements of normative and technical documentation for structures of specific types.
Devices, parts protruding relative to the plane of the door, supporting and fixing pads, glazing beads are allowed, the fastening structures should not be installed, but supplied complete with products.
2.5. Marking
2.5.1. On the non-front surface of each product or on the tag must be applied:
trademark of the manufacturer;
product brand;
date of manufacture;
OTK stamp.
2.5.2. Packages should be marked in accordance with the requirements of GOST 14192-77.
2.5.3. The method of execution and additional requirements for marking are established in the regulatory and technical documentation for structures of specific types.
2.6. Package
2.6.1. Each hinged door must be locked before packing.
2.6.2. When stacked in a container, each door or group of doors must be wrapped with one layer of two-layer wrapping paper in accordance with GOST 8828-75 or waxed paper in accordance with GOST 9569-79 and tied with twine in accordance with GOST 17308-88 with a coil pitch of 300-350 mm.
When laying a group of doors in a container, a layer of paper must be laid between the products in accordance with GOST 8273-75.
2.6.3. Doors must be packed in containers that protect products from distortion and mechanical damage, made according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
The number of products and methods of their packing in containers should ensure their safety during loading and unloading operations and transportation by various modes of transport.
2.6.4. Devices or parts of devices not installed on the door, glazing beads and fasteners must be wrapped in two-layer packaging paper in accordance with GOST 8828-75 or placed in plastic film bags in accordance with GOST 10354-82 and packed in a container together with the structure.
It is allowed to lay the parts of devices and fasteners in a separate container in accordance with GOST 2991-85, and leave the purchased products included in the delivery set and not installed in the structure in the manufacturer's packaging.
2.6.5. Each batch must have an accompanying document, the type and form of which, as well as the procedure and terms for sending these documents to the consumer, are established by the terms of delivery or the contract.

3. Acceptance

3.1. Doors are accepted in batches. The batch must consist of doors of the same brand, made one by one. technological process. Lot size no more than 200 pcs.
3.2. To check the conformity of products with the requirements of this standard and working drawings, acceptance, periodic and type tests should be carried out at the manufacturer.
3.3. During acceptance tests, a two-stage control is used in accordance with GOST 23616-79, for compliance with the requirements given in paragraphs. 2.2.4; 2.2.12-2.2.15; 2.2.18; 2.4; 2.6, for which products are selected from the batch in the sample in accordance with table. 2.

table 2

Lot size	Sample number	Sample size	acceptance number	Rejection number
up to 25	1	5	0	1
	1	5	0	2
From 26 » 90	2	5	1	2
» 91 » 200	1	8	0	2
	2	8	1	2

3.4. Products must be subjected to periodic tests at least once every two years for compliance with the requirements of all clauses of this standard, with the exception of paragraphs. 2.2.1 and 2.2.2.
When putting doors into production, tests must be carried out for compliance with the requirements of all clauses of this standard.
3.5. When making changes to the design of doors or manufacturing technology, type tests are carried out, the scope of which is determined by the developer of design and technological documentation.

4. Control methods

4.1. Heat transfer resistance of doors (clause 2.2.1) is determined according to GOST 26254-84.
4.2. The air permeability resistance of doors (clause 2.2.2) is determined according to GOST 25891-83.
4.3. Doors on static and wind load(clause 2.2.3) are checked according to the program and test procedure approved in the prescribed manner.
4.4. The operation of movable joints (clause 2.2.3) is checked by control opening and closing of door panels.
4.5. The protective and decorative coating (clause 2.2.4) is checked in accordance with GOST 9.302-79 and GOST 9.074-77.
4.6. The geometric dimensions (clauses 2.2.7; 2.2.12-2.2.17) are checked with a ShTs-III caliper according to GOST 166-80, a protractor according to GOST 5378-66, a tape measure of accuracy class II according to GOST 7502-80, a feeler according to TU 2- 034-225-87 or a manufacturer's template approved in the prescribed manner.
4.7. The quality of the surfaces of machining profiles (clause 2.2.18) is checked by comparison with roughness standards according to GOST 9378-75.
4.8. The presence of sealing gaskets (clause 2.2.19) is checked visually.
4.9. The density of pressing the sealing gaskets to the porches (clause 2.2.20) is checked by the presence of a continuous trace left by the colorant applied to the surface of the seal.
Chalk according to GOST 12085-73, talc according to GOST 19729-74 or other substances that do not damage the structure and can be easily removed after inspection should be used as a coloring agent.
4.10. Compliance of brands and quality of materials (clauses 2.3.1-2.3.10) are checked according to the certificates of manufacturers.

5. Transportation and storage

5.1. Transportation
5.1.1. Products are transported by all means of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.
5.1.2. Placement and fastening of packages on railway transport must be carried out in full accordance with " Specifications loading and fastening of cargoes”, approved by the Ministry of Railways of the USSR.
5.2. Storage
Products should be stored in dry ventilated rooms on wooden linings, sorted by type and size. Between the products stacked in stacks, there must be wooden spacers.

6. Instructions for use

6.1. Structural elements of doors and fasteners made of aluminum alloy at the junctions with brickwork, concrete, plaster, steel, etc. must be protected from corrosion in accordance with the instructions of SNiP 2.03.11-85.
6.2. Operation of doors - according to the requirements of the passport and instructions for installation and operation.

7. Manufacturer's Warranties

The warranty period of operation is established in the standards or normative and technical documentation for structures of specific types.

GOST 23747-88

ALUMINUM ALLOY DOORS

Introduction date 1989-01-01

1. DESIGNED
State Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning under Gosstroy of the USSR
Ministry of Assembly and Special Construction Works of the USSR

2. INTRODUCED by the State Committee for Architecture and Urban Planning under the Gosstroy of the USSR

3. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR dated 15.06.88 No. 111

4. Term of check - 1995; frequency - 5 years

5. REPLACE GOST 23747-79

6. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

7. Reissue. January 1990

1.1. Types, sizes, design and symbols of doors are established by regulatory and technical documentation for structures of specific types.

2.1. Doors must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard, normative and technical documentation for doors of specific types and according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
2.2. Characteristics
2.2.1. Heat transfer resistance of doors - according to SNiP II-3-79.
2.2.2. Door air permeability - in accordance with GOST 25891-83 (see Appendix 1).
2.2.3. Doors must have sufficient strength and stability in terms of transportation, installation and operation.
At the same time, they must withstand 100,000 opening and closing cycles, as well as wind load according to SNiP 2.01.07-85 and static loads in accordance with Appendix 1 of this standard.
2.2.4. Details of door structures, with the exception of liners, must have an anode-oxide or paint-and-lacquer protective and decorative coating.
The color of the coating is agreed with the manufacturer and selected according to standards approved in the prescribed manner.
Appearance and thickness of the anodic oxide coating - according to GOST 9.301-86 and GOST 9.031-74, respectively.
The paintwork must comply with class III according to GOST 9.032-74. Layer thickness - not less than 70 microns.
The absence of anodic oxide and paint coatings is allowed in places of mechanical processing of parts on non-facial surfaces of structures and in the internal planes of parts from a hollow profile.
2.2.5. It is not allowed to apply anodic oxide, zinc or cadmium coatings to assembled products.
2.2.6. Fasteners and parts made of carbon steel in contact with aluminum elements must have a zinc or cadmium coating in accordance with GOST 9.303-84 with a thickness of at least 9 microns.
2.2.7. The height dimension of the non-translucent lower part of the door leaf must be no more than 1000 mm.
2.2.8. Doors with fully glazed canvases without automatic opening, installed in places with heavy human flows (stations, airports, etc.), are equipped with grilles that protect the glazing from damage.
2.2.9. The force applied to the door leaf to open it must not exceed 50 N.
2.2.10. The fastening of the locking devices must ensure that they cannot be dismantled from the outside.
2.2.11. The design of the door should exclude the possibility of dismantling the leaf or filling it from the outside.
2.2.12. The maximum deviations of the dimensions of the frames of boxes and door panels in assembled form should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Table. 1.

Table 1

2.2.13. The difference between the front surfaces of the frame and the door leaf relative to each other, the installation of which is provided in the same plane, should not be more than 2.0 mm.
2.2.14. The difference in the lengths of the diagonals of the boxes and sheets should not be more than 3 mm.
2.2.15. The difference in the front surfaces of the mating aluminum profiles should not exceed the tolerances established by GOST 22233-83 for the size of the joined sides of the profile.
2.2.16. The gaps on the front surfaces of the structures at the joints of the parts should not be more than 0.3 mm. It is allowed to increase the gap up to 1.0 mm, but with subsequent sealing of the joint. The gaps at the junctions of the linear fastening elements of the filling (glazing beads) may not be sealed.
2.2.17. The maximum deviation of the cutting angle when the size of the cut side of the profile is up to 50 mm should not be more than ± 20 ', with the size of the cut side of the profile over 50 mm - more than ± 15 '.
2.2.18. The surface roughness of the profiles facing the front side of the products and subjected to machining should be microns in accordance with GOST 2789-73.
2.2.19. Sealing gaskets without the use of glue should be installed around the perimeter in the places where the frame of the canvas is mated with the filling elements, as well as in the porches.
Sealing gaskets must be continuous within each side of the perimeter. At the request of the consumer, it is allowed to use sealant instead of sealing gaskets at the places where the filling is installed.
2.2.20. When the leaf is in the closed position, the sealing gaskets in the porches must be pressed without a gap.
2.2.21. The filling of the frame of the door leaf must be installed on supporting and fixing pads having a width not less than the thickness of the applied filling, a height of at least 3 mm and a length of at least 80 mm. Schemes for the placement of support and fixing pads under the glass are given in Appendix 2.
2.3. Requirements for materials and components
2.3.1. Door frames must be made of extruded aluminum profiles in accordance with GOST 22233-83. To meet the requirements of this standard, profiles must be straightened to reduce longitudinal curvature and twist angle.
2.3.2. Fasteners (bolts, screws, nuts, washers) and hinge axles must be made of steel grades 20X13 and 12X13 according to GOST 5632-72 or other stainless steel grades according to GOST 5632-72.
By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture fasteners and hinge axles from steel grades 08kp, 10kp, 20kp, 10, 20, 40 according to GOST 1050-74.
2.3.3. Steel parts that are part of the door structure must be made of steel grade C235 in accordance with GOST 27772-88 (from 01.01.89) or St3kp2-1, welded in accordance with GOST 535-88, as well as from steel of other grades, physical and mechanical properties which are not less than the specified.
2.3.4. For translucent filling of the frame of the door leafs, glass and double-glazed windows should be used, made according to the normative and technical documentation, approved in the prescribed manner. In this case, the thickness of the glasses should be 5-6 mm, double-glazed windows 15-28 mm.
On door leafs with continuous translucent filling, special decorative signs should be applied directly on the glazing, located at a height of at least 1 m.
2.3.5. For non-translucent filling of the door leaf frame, the following should be used:
sheets made of aluminum grades AMg2, AMts according to GOST 21631-76;
extruded profiles of constant section from aluminum alloy AD31 according to GOST 22233-83.
It is allowed to use other materials with a thickness of 5-6 mm from among those permitted by the state sanitary inspection bodies, manufactured in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
2.3.6. Support and fixing pads must be made of low-pressure polyethylene of any grade according to GOST 16338-85, as well as from ozone-frost-resistant rubber of increased hardness, wood impregnated with an antiseptic, in accordance with the requirements of normative and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
2.3.7. Sealing gaskets must be made of light-ozone-frost-resistant rubber or plastics from among those permitted by state sanitary inspection bodies in accordance with the requirements of normative and technical documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
2.3.8. For sealing joints at the joints of parts made of aluminum alloys, sealant of the UT-31 brand according to GOST 13489-79 or mastics according to the normative and technical documentation approved in the established manner, permitted by the state sanitary supervision authorities and not causing corrosion of aluminum alloys, should be used.
2.3.9. Fasteners with metric threads in permanent joints should be installed on glue grades BF-2, BF-4 in accordance with GOST 12172-74, varnishes of grades PF-170, PF-171 in accordance with GOST 15907-70; grades AK113, AK113F in accordance with GOST 23832-79 or other varnishes permitted by the state sanitary supervision.
2.3.10. Devices for doors must comply with the requirements of GOST 25979-83 and regulatory and technical documentation for devices of specific types.
2.4. Completeness
2.4.1. The delivery set of products is determined by the requirements of normative and technical documentation for structures of specific types.
Devices, parts protruding relative to the plane of the door, supporting and fixing pads, glazing beads are allowed, the fastening structures should not be installed, but supplied complete with products.
2.5. Marking
2.5.1. On the non-front surface of each product or on the tag must be applied:
trademark of the manufacturer;
product brand;
date of manufacture;
OTK stamp.
2.5.2. Packages should be marked in accordance with the requirements of GOST 14192-77.
2.5.3. The method of execution and additional requirements for marking are established in the regulatory and technical documentation for structures of specific types.
2.6. Package
2.6.1. Each hinged door must be locked before packing.
2.6.2. When stacked in a container, each door or group of doors must be wrapped with one layer of two-layer wrapping paper in accordance with GOST 8828-75 or paraffin paper in accordance with GOST 9569-79 and tied with twine in accordance with GOST 17308-88 with a coil pitch of 300-350 mm.
When laying a group of doors in a container, a layer of paper must be laid between the products in accordance with GOST 8273-75.
2.6.3. Doors must be packed in containers that protect products from distortion and mechanical damage, made according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
The number of products and methods of their packing in containers should ensure their safety during loading and unloading operations and transportation by various modes of transport.
2.6.4. Devices or parts of devices not installed on the door, glazing beads and fasteners must be wrapped in two-layer packaging paper in accordance with GOST 8828-75 or placed in plastic film bags in accordance with GOST 10354-82 and packed in a container together with the structure.
It is allowed to lay the parts of devices and fasteners in a separate container in accordance with GOST 2991-85, and leave the purchased products included in the delivery set and not installed in the structure in the manufacturer's packaging.
2.6.5. Each batch must have an accompanying document, the type and form of which, as well as the procedure and terms for sending these documents to the consumer, are established by the terms of delivery or the contract.

3.1. Doors are accepted in batches. The batch must consist of doors of the same brand, manufactured according to the same technological process. Lot size no more than 200 pcs.
3.2. To check the conformity of products with the requirements of this standard and working drawings, acceptance, periodic and type tests should be carried out at the manufacturer.
3.3. During acceptance tests, a two-stage control is used in accordance with GOST 23616-79, for compliance with the requirements given in paragraphs. 2.2.4; 2.2.12-2.2.15; 2.2.18; 2.4; 2.6, for which products are selected from the batch in the sample in accordance with table. 2.

table 2

4.1. Heat transfer resistance of doors (clause 2.2.1) is determined according to GOST 26254-84.
4.2. The air permeability resistance of doors (clause 2.2.2) is determined according to GOST 25891-83.
4.3. Doors for static and wind loads (clause 2.2.3) are checked according to the program and test procedure approved in the prescribed manner.
4.4. The operation of movable joints (clause 2.2.3) is checked by control opening and closing of door panels.
4.5. The protective and decorative coating (clause 2.2.4) is checked in accordance with GOST 9.302-79 and GOST 9.074-77.
4.6. The geometric dimensions (clauses 2.2.7; 2.2.12-2.2.17) are checked with a ShTs-III caliper in accordance with GOST 166-80, a goniometer in accordance with GOST 5378-66, a tape measure of the II accuracy class in accordance with GOST 7502-80, a probe according to TU 2- 034-225-87 or a manufacturer's template approved in the prescribed manner.
4.7. The quality of the surfaces of machining profiles (clause 2.2.18) is checked by comparison with roughness standards according to GOST 9378-75.
4.8. The presence of sealing gaskets (clause 2.2.19) is checked visually.
4.9. The density of pressing the sealing gaskets to the porches (clause 2.2.20) is checked by the presence of a continuous trace left by the colorant applied to the surface of the seal.
Chalk according to GOST 12085-73, talc according to GOST 19729-74 or other substances that do not damage the structure and can be easily removed after inspection should be used as a coloring agent.
4.10. Compliance of brands and quality of materials (clauses 2.3.1-2.3.10) are checked according to the certificates of manufacturers.

5.1. Transportation
5.1.1. Products are transported by all means of transport in accordance with the Rules for the carriage of goods in force for this type of transport.
5.1.2. Placement and securing of packages on railway transport must be carried out in full accordance with the "Technical Conditions for Loading and Securing Cargoes" approved by the USSR Ministry of Railways.
5.2. Storage
Products should be stored in dry ventilated rooms on wooden linings, sorted by type and size. Between the products stacked in stacks, there must be wooden spacers.

The warranty period of operation is established in the standards or normative and technical documentation for structures of specific types.

1 - support lining; 2 - fixing lining; 3 - translucent filling;
4 - non-translucent filling

Aluminum doors are quite popular today, but in order to meet the stated characteristics, they must meet the requirements of GOST. Otherwise, part useful qualities will be lost, and it will be unsafe to use them.

Requirements for products made of aluminum alloys are described in GOST 23747

Design and types

The door unit consists of a frame and internal filling. The frame is made of aluminum, mainly double-glazed windows are installed between the profiles. Additionally, blind inserts are used, which can occupy the entire internal area or only the lower part, depending on the design.

According to the method of opening doors made of aluminum profile are divided into the following types:

hinged - standard hinged canvases that open in one direction;
sliding - thin doors mounted on a roller system;
pendulum - variation swing structures, which open in both directions through the use of non-standard loops.

Varieties of designs

Scope of use

Doors made of aluminum and its alloys are now widely used to fill openings in places with a large flow of people. Due to the characteristics of the material and the quality of the fasteners, the design is able to withstand heavy traffic without major functional changes.

These or other types of aluminum doors are used in almost all office buildings, hotels, supermarkets, boutiques, salons and others. in public places. Reliably protect the premises from external factors and the penetration of robbers at night. At the same time, they fit well into the surrounding design and easily adapt to specific stylistic conditions.

Aluminum structures are common in public buildings with high traffic

As for use in residential premises, such doors are mainly mounted in modern apartment buildings with concierge and security. Lightweight models are used inside an individual dwelling.

To a greater extent, such products are suitable for ultra-modern high-tech interiors, bright painted models are typical for fusion, pop art and the like.

Distinguishing Benefits

Although aluminum does not have super strength, a number of characteristics distinguish it from other materials used for the manufacture of door structures.

Advantages of aluminum profile:

Environmental friendliness. The material is safe to use, does not contain harmful impurities in its composition, does not emit substances hazardous to health and does not have a radioactive background.
Ease. Despite the fact that aluminum is still a metal, structures with its use look quite elegant and surprisingly light, which simplifies the process of their transportation, installation and further operation. There is no heavy load on the door frame, walls and other load-bearing elements of buildings.
Durability. The material is strong enough and resistant to abrasion, even if the conditions of careful handling are not observed.
wear resistance. Aluminum doors are able to withstand 100,000 opening and closing cycles, resist adverse environmental conditions well, they are not afraid of strong wind, precipitation, frost and sunlight. Aluminum does not give in to corrosion, well transfers mechanical loadings and blows, and also does not react to household chemicals.
Design. Although aluminum and its alloys belong to the category of metals, it is possible to create very elegant door models from this material. In addition, it can be repainted and brought out in various forms, combining with other materials.
Plastic. Aluminum can be easily machined in production, which allows the constant expansion of the range and the creation of amazing door models at minimal cost.

Environmental friendliness, lightness and durability are the main advantages of aluminum structures.

Despite such significant advantages, not all products on sale correspond to the declared characteristics. To positive traits were disclosed in full, every detail of the aluminum structure must meet the requirements of GOST standards.

In addition, such models may not always organically fit into the interior of the room. This is important to consider when choosing door structure for a residential or public building.

Primary requirements

The main regulatory document is GOST 23747 "Aluminum alloy door blocks". The requirements described in it are divided into several categories. The first one concerns directly specifications products and general provisions regarding the construction.

Every aluminum door must be tested for resistance to heat transfer and air permeability. Permissible standards are regulated by separate documents: GOST 26254 and 25891. In addition, products must withstand a serious static load and endure at least 100,000 opening and closing cycles without compromising integrity and reducing quality. It is important to note that the applied force should not exceed 50 N.

As for design and other design features, the door can be fully glazed or divided into blind and transparent. The size of the lower section is allowed no more than 1 m to the light-tight part.

Full or partial glazing is considered a design feature

GOST standards provide for the manufacture of a frame from an extruded aluminum profile. The type of materials and their parameters are also regulated in order to prevent twisting of the metal and rapid wear of the structure during operation. Fasteners are made from steel grades established by the standards. To fill the frame, it is allowed to use sheets and an extruded profile with a thickness of 5-6 mm. Glass in double-glazed windows should be of the same thickness, the total size of which varies between 15-28 mm. It is necessary to provide protection that excludes the dismantling of the door for the purpose of breaking.

The maximum deviations of the dimensions of the box and the web are regulated by separately derived values for each typical case, they can vary between 0-1.5 mm.

Sealing and insulation

First of all, you should pay attention to the maximum allowable gaps between the frame and the door leaf. Along the perimeter, they cannot exceed 3 mm. If we consider the doorway from the front side, when installing the product, the difference with the box should not be more than 2 mm. Gaps during the installation of double-glazed windows and other parts at the points of their connection - 0.3 mm. It is allowed to increase this space up to 1 mm, but in this case, in addition to the glazing beads, additional sealant must be used.

As for the filling of the joints itself, sealants without glue are used on the porch and at the junction of the frame. They must be of such dimensions that in the closed position there is no gap between the box and the canvas. On each side of the perimeter, continuous gaskets made of light-ozone-frost-resistant rubber or plastic are required. Sealant may be used as an alternative. The types of glue used are regulated by GOST 23747.

To fill the frame, support and fixing pads with clearly defined minimum dimensions are required, made of low-density polyethylene, ozone-resistant rubber or wood with antiseptic treatment.

Schematic representation of the filling of the aluminum profile frame

External coating

An equally important issue concerns the design and protective layer. According to GOST, the following materials are allowed:

obligatory treatment with an anode-lacquer composition, except for construction liners;
in the process of manufacturing the product, the type of anodic oxide coating is separately agreed upon;
according to GOST, the use of third-class paintwork materials is recommended;
the thickness of the applied layer is set at least 70 microns;
the absence of an outer layer in inconspicuous areas of the product is allowed due to machining these zones;
after assembling the structure, it is impossible to apply an anode-oxide, zinc and cadmium coating.

In addition, it is important to take into account the quality requirements metal surface. The boundaries of permissible defects are documented in GOST 9378. If the standards are not met, aluminum profile door blocks should not be allowed for sale and further use. If the manufacturer complies with all these requirements and takes into account the wishes of the customer, the output will be an ideal aluminum door.

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GOST 23747-88 Aluminum alloy doors. General specifications
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